Building shell, in particular building façade or building roof, having multiple surface elements
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2022773712
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-09-08
AI Technical Summary
Building envelopes with multiple surface elements connected via nodes face challenges in reliable sealing and rainwater drainage due to complex miter cuts and varying distances between glass surfaces and connecting nodes, leading to potential leaks and damage over time.
A trough-like sealing node element with a flat base and raised edge areas, each with a sealing contour, is used to ensure a reliable seal by compensating for different distances and shapes at connecting nodes, forming a continuous sealing system with channel-like profile seals.
This solution provides a simple and reliable sealing mechanism that prevents leaks and ensures a watertight connection between surface elements and profile elements, even in complex geometries like free-form glass roofs.
Smart Images
Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
[0001] Building envelope, in particular building facade or building roof, with several surface elements
[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] The invention relates to a building envelope, in particular a building facade or building roof, with a plurality of surface elements, in particular glass surfaces, which are carried by profile elements of the building envelope which are connected to one another via one or more connecting nodes, a material set comprising a connecting node with an associated sealing node element for such a building facade and a method for producing the material set according to the preambles of the independent patent claims.
[0004] STATE OF THE ART
[0005] In the case of building envelopes with several surface elements which are supported by profile elements of the building envelope that are connected to one another via one or more connecting nodes, the reliable sealing of the surface elements against the supporting structure in the area of the connecting nodes and the safe drainage of rainwater from this area represent building physics challenges. According to the state of the art, the profile seals running along the profile elements are brought together with complex miter cuts on the respective connecting nodes and connected to one another in a watertight manner. This is complex and has a considerable potential for error, not to mention the risk that the connection points will become leaky over time.A further problem of the state of the art, which occurs particularly in free-form glass roofs with convex and concave pane constellations, is that steps arise between the sealing levels of the profile elements converging in a connecting node, which can lead to very different distances between the glass surface to be sealed and the top of the node in the area of the connecting node, with corresponding problems for the sealing in this area.
[0006] PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The task therefore arises to provide technical solutions which do not have the aforementioned disadvantages of the state of the art or at least partially avoid them.
[0008] This problem is solved by the subject-matter of the independent patent claims.
[0009] According to these, a first aspect of the invention relates to a building envelope, such as a building facade or a building roof, with several surface elements, in particular flat glass surfaces, which are supported by profile elements of the building envelope, which are connected to one another via one or more connecting nodes.
[0010] According to the invention, at least one of the connecting nodes of the building envelope is provided with a sealing node element which is advantageously designed in one piece and forms a trough-like sealing body for sealing between the connecting node and surface elements which are carried by the profile elements connected to one another by means of this connecting node.
[0011] The trough-shaped sealing body of the sealing node element has a flat sealing base, with which it rests on the connecting node. Edge regions protrude from the sealing base at its peripheral boundaries, each comprising an edge base and a sealing contour supported by it, the sealing contour sealingly adjoining one of the surface elements.
[0012] The raised edge areas each extend within a portion of the circumferential boundaries of the sealing base, which extends between the connections of two directly adjacent profile elements at the connecting nodes. In the areas of the sealing node element that are located in the area of the connections of the profile elements at the connecting nodes, there are no raised edge areas with sealing contours.
[0013] In preferred embodiments, the sealing contours of the upstanding edge regions each have a substantially identical cross-section over their longitudinal extent, whilst the edge bases carrying the respective sealing contours have a varying cross-section over their longitudinal extent, preferably such that the respective edge base runs at a distance substantially parallel to the surface of the surface element to which the sealing contour carried by it adjoins in a sealing manner. Any steps between the sealing planes of the profile elements converging at a connecting node, as well as shapes of the connecting node which lead to different distances between the respective glass surface to be sealed and the upper side of the connecting node, are compensated for by the edge bases.
[0014] With the solution according to the invention, a reliable sealing in the area of the connecting nodes can be ensured in a simple and reliable manner in the case of building envelopes with surface elements which are supported by profile elements which are connected to one another via one or more connecting nodes.
[0015] The sealing contours are advantageously designed as a sealing lip, with this sealing lip preferably facing toward the interior of the sealing node element. Such sealing contours have proven effective in the area of building envelopes.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the building envelope according to the invention, the respective sealing node element is connected in a watertight manner to gutter-like profile seals in the areas where the profile elements are connected to the respective connecting nodes, preferably by welding or gluing, which have a flat sealing base with which they rest on the respective profile element connected there and from which edge regions protrude at the longitudinal boundaries thereof, each comprising an edge base and a sealing contour carried thereby, in particular a sealing lip, which adjoins one of the surface elements carried by the profile element in a sealing manner. In this way, the sealing node elements of the connecting nodes and the profile seals of the profile elements form a continuous sealing system.
[0017] It is preferred that the raised edge regions of the sealing node element(s) in the areas adjacent to the channel-like profile seals have a substantially identical cross-section to the raised edge regions of the channel-like profile seals. This provides the advantage of enabling a substantially seamless transition from the sealing node elements of the connecting nodes to the profile seals of the profile elements.
[0018] Advantageously, the sealing bases of the channel-like profile seals and the respective sealing node element overlap in the region of the connections of the channel-like profile elements to the connecting nodes, preferably in such a way that the sealing base of the respective sealing node element rests on the sealing bases of the adjoining channel-like profile seals. This allows for a reliable seal between the sealing node elements and the profile seals.
[0019] A second aspect of the invention relates to a material set comprising a connecting node with an associated sealing node element for a building facade according to the first aspect of the invention. The connecting node has connection areas for a plurality of profile elements supporting surface elements to be connected thereto.
[0020] The sealing node element, which is advantageously designed in one piece, forms a trough-like sealing body with a flat sealing base for resting on the connecting node, which has edge regions projecting up from the latter at its peripheral boundaries, each of which comprises an edge base and a sealing contour carried thereby, in particular in the form of a sealing lip, for sealingly adjoining one of the surface elements of the building façade to be formed with the material set.
[0021] The sealing node element is designed in such a way and can be arranged with its sealing base on the connecting node in such a way that the upstanding edge regions each extend in partial regions of the circumferential boundaries of the sealing base, which extend between two directly adjacent connection regions of the connecting node for the profile elements to be connected to the connecting node, and that in the connection regions for the profile elements there are no upstanding edge regions with a sealing contour of the sealing node element.
[0022] In preferred embodiments, the sealing contours of the upstanding edge regions of the sealing node element each have a substantially identical cross-section over their longitudinal extent, while the edge bases carrying the respective sealing contour have a varying cross-section over their longitudinal extent, preferably in such a way that, when the respective sealing node element is arranged as intended on the connecting node, they run at a distance substantially parallel to a plane in which, when the connecting node is used as intended, the surface element extends which is carried by those profile elements between whose connecting regions the respective upstanding edge region extends.
[0023] With such material sets, building envelopes according to the invention with the advantages mentioned above can be realized.
[0024] The connecting node and / or the sealing node element are preferably manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, e.g. by 3D printing.
[0025] A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing the material set according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the connecting node and the associated sealing node element are modulated from a common data set and subsequently manufactured using additive manufacturing processes. In this way, these components can be easily provided in a coordinated manner for specific node situations.
[0026] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Further embodiments, advantages, and applications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description with reference to the figures. In these figures:
[0028] Fig. 1 is a perspective top view of a part of a building glass roof according to the invention; Figures 2 to 5 are perspective top views of the part of the building glass roof from Fig. 1 in various stages of assembly;
[0029] Fig. 6 is a perspective top view of one of the connecting nodes 4 together with one end of one of the profile elements 3;
[0030] Fig. 7 is a perspective top view of the sealing node element 5 from Fig. 1;
[0031] Fig. 8 is a vertical section along the line AA in Fig. 1; Fig. 9 is a vertical section along the line BB in Fig. 1; and
[0032] Fig. 10 is a vertical section through one of the profile elements 3 with the profile seal 10 arranged thereon in the assembled state of the glass roof 1 according to Fig. 1.
[0033] WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION
[0034] Fig. 1 shows a perspective top view of part of a free-form dome of a building glass roof 1 according to the invention. The gaps between the glass panes 2 can be closed by means of cover strips or silicone joints.
[0035] As can be seen from a comparison with Figures 2 to 5, which show perspective top views of the part of the building glass roof 1 from Figure 1 during assembly at different stages of assembly, the supporting structure of the building roof 1 consists of profile elements 3, which are connected to one another via connecting nodes 4 (see Figure 2).
[0036] As can be seen in a comparison of Fig. 2 with Fig. 6, which shows a perspective top view of one of the connecting nodes 4 together with one end of one of the profile elements 3 when being brought together, the profile elements 3 have shaped pieces 16 with undercut recesses 17 on their end faces, with which they are each moved from below in the illustrated insertion direction Z over fastening projections 18 provided by the connecting node 4 on the respective connection side (for the sake of clarity, not all of which are provided with reference numbers), which engage behind the undercuts of the recesses 17 and thereby create a positive connection between the connecting node 4 and the respective profile element 3 in both longitudinal directions of the profile element 3 and in both directions transverse to the insertion direction Z.The connection thus established between the connecting node 4 and the respective corrugated profile element 3 is then secured against separation by inserting a locking element 15, which is longitudinally displaceable in the profile element 3, into a corresponding locking recess 19 in the connecting node 4 and securing it against extension therefrom with a locking screw 20 (see Fig. 2). The locking element 15 also transfers the vertical loads from the profile element 3 to the connecting node 4. The fastening projections 18 each consist of a sleeve with a flange end through which a supporting bolt passes.
[0037] For sealing between the connecting node 4 and the surface elements 2, which are carried by the profile elements 3 connected to one another by the connecting node 4, a one-piece sealing node element 5 made of an elastomer is arranged on the connecting node 3, which forms a trough-like sealing body.
[0038] Fig. 3 shows a perspective top view of the supporting structure according to Fig. 2 after the sealing node element 5 has been placed on the connecting node 4 as intended.
[0039] As can be seen in a comparison of Fig. 3 with Fig. 7, which shows a perspective top view of the sealing node element 5, the trough-like sealing body of the sealing node element 5 has a flat sealing base 6, with which it rests on the connecting node 4 and from which edge regions 7 protrude from the sealing base 6 at its peripheral boundaries, each comprising an edge base 8 and a sealing lip 9 carried thereby, which adjoins one of the surface elements 2 in a sealing manner when the building roof is fully assembled.
[0040] As can be seen, the raised edge regions 7 each extend in an area which extends between the connections of two directly adjacent profile elements 3 at the connecting nodes 4. In the areas of the sealing node element 5 which are arranged in the area of the connections of the profile elements 3 at the connecting nodes 4, there are no raised edge regions with sealing contours.
[0041] As can be further seen in conjunction with Figures 8 and 9, which show vertical sections along the lines AA and BB in Figure 1, the sealing lips 9 of the upstanding edge regions 7 each have a substantially identical cross-section over their longitudinal extent (due to different support situations in Figures 8 and 9, these are deformed differently by the glass panes 2 resting on them), while the edge base 8 carrying the respective sealing lip 9 has a varying cross-section over its longitudinal extent, such that it runs at a distance a substantially parallel to the surface of the glass pane 2 to which the sealing lip 9 carried by it adjoins in a sealing manner.
[0042] Fig. 4 shows a perspective top view of the supporting structure as in Fig. 3, but in a more advanced assembly state, after channel-like profile seals 10 have been placed on the profile elements 3 and the sealing node element 5 has been watertightly bonded to these profile seals 10 in the areas of the connections of the profile elements 3 to the connecting nodes 4.
[0043] As can be seen in a view of Fig. 4 together with Fig. 10, which shows a vertical section through one of the profile elements 3 with the profile seal 10 arranged thereon in the assembled state of the glass roof 1 according to Fig. 1, the profile seals 10 have a flat sealing base 11, with which they rest on the respective profile element 3 and from which edge regions 12 protrude at its longitudinal boundaries, each comprising an edge base 13 and a sealing lip 14 carried thereby, which adjoins one of the glass panes 2 carried by the profile element 3 in a sealing manner.
[0044] As can be seen from a combination of Figures 9 and 10, the upstanding edge regions 7 of the sealing node element 5 in the areas adjacent to the channel-like profile seals 10 have a substantially identical cross-section to the upstanding edge regions 12 of the channel-like profile seals 10. The sealing bases 6 and 11 of the channel-like profile seals 10 and of the sealing node element 5 overlap in the area of the connections of the channel-like profile seals 10 to the sealing node element 5 in such a way that the sealing base 6 of the sealing node element 5 lies on the sealing bases 11 of the channel-like profile seals 10.
[0045] The connecting node 4 shown in Fig. 6 together with the sealing node element 5 shown in Fig. 7 forms a material set according to the invention.
[0046] The connecting node 4 and the associated sealing node element 5 were modulated from a common data set and subsequently manufactured by additive manufacturing processes (3D printing).
[0047] While preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the present application, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not limited thereto and may be embodied in other ways within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
PATENT CLAIMS 1. Building envelope (1), in particular building facade or building roof (1), with several surface elements (2), in particular glass surfaces (2), which are supported by profile elements (3) of the building envelope, which are connected to one another via one or more connecting nodes (4), wherein at least one connecting node (4) of the building envelope has a sealing node element (5) for sealing between the connecting node (4) and surface elements (2) which are supported by the profile elements (3) connected to one another by this connecting node (4), which sealing node element forms a trough-like sealing body, wherein the trough-like sealing body has a flat sealing base (6) with which it rests on the connecting node (4) and from which edge regions (7) protrude from the sealing base (6) at its peripheral boundaries, each comprising an edge base (8) and a sealing contour (9) carried thereby, which sealing contour (9) adjoins one of the surface elements (2) in a sealing manner,wherein the upstanding edge regions (7) each extend in an area which is located between the connections of two directly adjacent profile elements, (3) extends to the connecting node (4), and wherein in each of the regions of the sealing node element (5) which are arranged in the region of the connections of the profile elements (3) to the connecting node (4), there are no raised edge regions with sealing contours.
2. Building envelope (1) according to claim 1, wherein the sealing contours (9) of the upstanding edge regions (7) each have a substantially have an identical cross-section and the edge base (8) carrying the respective sealing contour (9) has a varying cross-section over its longitudinal extent, in particular such that it runs at a distance (a) substantially parallel to the surface of the surface element (2) to which the sealing contour (9) carried by it adjoins in a sealing manner.
3. Building envelope (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing node element (5) is formed in one piece.
4. Building envelope (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface elements (2) are flat surface elements, in particular flat glass panes (2).
5. Building envelope (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing contour (9) is a sealing lip (9), and in particular wherein the sealing lip (9) points towards the interior of the sealing node element (5).
6. Building envelope (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing node element (5) is connected, in particular welded or glued, in the areas of the connections of the profile elements (3) to the connecting node (4) in a watertight manner to channel-like profile seals (10), which have a flat sealing base (11) with which they rest on the respective profile element (3) connected there and from which edge regions (12) protrude from the latter at its longitudinal boundaries, each comprising an edge base (13) and a sealing contour (14) carried thereby, in particular a sealing lip (14), which adjoins one of the surface elements (2) carried by the profile element (3) in a sealing manner.
7. Building envelope (1) according to claim 6, wherein the upstanding edge regions (7) of the sealing node element (5) in the areas of the adjoining the channel-like profile seals (10) have a substantially identical cross-section to the upstanding edge regions (12) of the channel-like profile seals (10) .
8. Building envelope (1) according to one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the sealing bases (6; 11) of the channel-like profile seals (10) and of the sealing node element (5) overlap in the region of the connections of the channel-like profile seals (10) to the sealing node element (5), in particular such that the sealing base (6) of the sealing node element (5) rests on the sealing bases (11) of the channel-like profile seals (10).
9. Material set comprising a connecting node (4) with associated sealing node element (5) for a building facade (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting node (4) has connection areas for a plurality of profile elements (3) carrying surface elements (2) to be connected thereto, and wherein the sealing node element (5) forms a trough-like sealing body with a flat sealing base (6) for resting on the connecting node (4), which has edge regions (7) projecting up from the latter at its peripheral boundaries, each comprising an edge base (8) and a sealing contour (9) carried thereby, in particular a sealing lip (9), for sealingly adjoining one of the surface elements (2) of the building facade (1), wherein the sealing node element (5) is designed in such a way and with its sealing base (6) of the ar- can be arranged as intended on the connecting node (4), that the upstanding edge regions (7) each extend in regions which extend between two directly adjacent connection regions of the connecting node (4) for the profile elements to be connected to the connecting node, and that in each case in the regions of the connection regions for the profile elements (3) no upstanding edge regions with a sealing contour of the sealing node element (5) are present.
10. Material set according to claim 9, wherein the sealing contours (9) of the upstanding edge regions (7) of the sealing node element (5) each have a substantially identical cross-section over their longitudinal extent and the edge base (8) carrying the respective sealing contour (9) has a varying cross-section over its longitudinal extent, in particular such that when the sealing node element (5) is arranged as intended on the connecting node (4) at a distance (a) it runs substantially parallel to a plane in which, when the connecting node (4) is used as intended, the surface element (2) extends which is carried by those profile elements (3) between whose connection regions the respective upstanding edge region (7) extends.
11. Material set according to one of claims 9 to 10, wherein the sealing node element (5) is formed in one piece.
12. Material set according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the connecting node (4) is produced by an additive manufacturing process.
13. Material set according to one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the sealing node element (5) is formed by a additive manufacturing process, in particular by 3D printing.
14. A method for producing the material set according to one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the connecting node (4) and the associated sealing node element (5) are modulated from a common data set and are subsequently manufactured by additive manufacturing processes.