Apparatus for recycling organic waste

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for recycling organic wastes, characterized in that the apparatus comprises at least one receiving container (1) for the organic wastes, wherein: the organic waste is passed through at least one comminution unit (6); and the comminution unit (6) is driven by inflowing water.

Description

[0001] Device for the recycling of organic waste

[0002] The invention relates to a device and a method for the recycling of biowaste.

[0003] The recycling of organic waste is a common and well-known method for fertilizing and preparing arable, plantable land and cultivation containers. In most cases, chemically produced fertilizers and fertilizers are used, which are intended to stimulate and promote growth. The disadvantage of these fertilizers is well known and should give pause to anyone who reads the warnings on the packaging. These warn users against skin contact and ingestion in any form. Furthermore, a prohibition notice, namely the discharge of the substances into wastewater and open waterways, is clearly visible on the packaging. Last but not least, and certainly very intimidating, is the warning: "Keep out of reach of children and animals." These fertilizers therefore contain hazardous chemicals that are harmful to health and can also contaminate the environment.Electric machines and energy-consuming irrigation systems are used to introduce these "hazardous substances" into the soil. The present invention seeks to avoid this approach to assisting flora cultivation and soil preparation and proposes an environmentally friendly and sustainable device.

[0004] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a biowaste processing device which operates without chemical additives and without an artificially generated energy supply.

[0005] This object is achieved by a device for recycling biowaste, which is characterized in that the device has at least one receiving container for the biowaste, wherein the biowaste is passed through at least one shredding unit, and wherein the shredding unit is driven by incoming water.

[0006] The organic waste, which may consist of daily kitchen scraps, is placed in the receptacle. In the next step, soil surfaces are treated in an ecological and environmentally friendly manner. For this purpose, water is fed into the device via a water inlet. The water pressure moves the shredding unit, which then shreds the organic waste. In a particular embodiment of the present invention, parts of the shredding unit are designed in a roller shape, although the design in the form of at least two rollers that rotate together or against each other is also included.

[0007] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the organic waste is conveyed to the shredding unit and pressed down with the aid of a transport device. The transport device, in a simple embodiment in the form of a conveyor pressure (transport) plate, is also moved by the existing water pressure. An additional external energy supply, e.g. in the form of electrical energy, is not necessary. Hydropower alone is completely sufficient to operate the device. Of course, it should also be noted that the water can be used to irrigate the area of ​​land to be treated and should also be used, as the water contains valuable dissolved ingredients from the shredded organic waste. The organic waste is therefore utilized in its suitable form, namely as shredded fertilizer, and water is also the driving force of the device. There are therefore no harmful residues.

[0008] The shredding unit itself or parts thereof can be roller-shaped. However, there are also non-roller-shaped shredding units that can serve the same purpose. They can be equipped with cutting edges, knives, blades, or other devices to perform an additional shredding function in addition to the pressing and compressing effect. This is already generally known in the prior art. For example, rollers with a helical helix are used to better draw in the biomaterial. The shredding units can also be arranged not only next to one another to create a larger shredding surface, but can also be arranged one below the other. In this way, the biowaste is passed through several shredding units one after the other. This can increase the shredding speed and effectiveness.Depending on the reinforcement of the shredding units, coarse shredding can be followed by fine shredding. The number of shredding units arranged side by side, as well as the number of shredding units stacked on top of each other, depends solely on the geometry of the respective system and can be freely selected. This is particularly easy to imagine if the shredding units are roller-shaped. The individual rollers are arranged side by side or one below the other.

[0009] Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of rollers and their arrangement are designed so that the organic waste can be optimally shredded. In this case, it is advantageous if the device is designed so that the shredding units, in particular the roller-shaped shredding units, can be exchanged. The shredding units can thus be adapted to the consistency and type of organic waste. For example, vegetable scraps offer a different resistance than nutshells or the like. Such an adaptation optimizes the shredding process and thus saves time and energy. The interchangeability of the individual shredding units can be ensured by individually suspending them in a frame designed for this purpose.

[0010] The frame, i.e. the holding module, is designed so that it can be inserted into the receiving container. The frame itself can be equipped with inserts and support surfaces into which the shredding units are inserted. The support surfaces and / or inserts are standardized so that the shredding units can be inserted or pushed in precisely. Simply put: any shredding unit can be accommodated by the frame. The individual design of the shredding unit is unimportant. The shredding unit can be equipped with knives, it can be reinforced with hemispherical surface bulges, or it can be provided with a smooth surface and simply crushes the organic waste. The conveyor pressure plate not only serves to transport the organic waste to the shredding unit, it also compresses the organic waste.This compression process can be enhanced with the help of an additional pressure plate located on the other side of the shredding units. This increases the holding capacity of the receiving container and thus of the entire device.

[0011] The entire device, not just the receiving container and the holding module, can be constructed from individual modules. This allows the device to be easily delivered in its individual components and assembled on-site.

[0012] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the comminution units are driven by a turbine. The turbine, as a rotating fluid machine, is suitable for driving the comminution units because it can easily absorb the inflowing water and then directly convert it into mechanical rotational energy. The water pressure can determine the rotational speed of the comminution units. However, the energy to drive the comminution units can also be provided by another drive system. The use of hydropower has the advantage that the water can be used for irrigation anyway. The entire bio-chopper system thus operates residue-free. This also corresponds to the basic idea of ​​the inventor, who is interested in the comprehensive use of natural, renewable starting materials from the region.The idea for recycling is not only driven by the short transport route of the product, namely the fertilizer, but also by the findings of bioeconomists that regional biowaste is superior to other organic fertilizers as a fertilizer. Provided compliance with the Biowaste Ordinance, the use of biowaste as fertilizer is not only environmentally friendly, especially protecting water bodies, and logistically intelligent, but also offers outstanding fertilization results.

[0013] The following figures and examples illustrate the relative arrangement of the individual components and the functionality of the invention in a specific embodiment. This is not intended to be limiting. This is merely one possible embodiment of the invention.

[0014] Figure 1, schematic representation of the receiving container without the frame with the shredding units

[0015] Figure 2, schematic representation of the holding module for the shredding units with drive unit

[0016] Example 1, filling and commissioning of the biowaste processing plant

[0017] List of reference symbols:

[0018] 1 container for the recycling of organic waste,

[0019] 2 Opening into which the roller holding module with the rollers,

[0020] 3 Conveyor pressure plate, which feeds the organic waste to the shredding units,

[0021] 4 the jaws for guiding the plate with which the biowaste is transported,

[0022] 5 Water drain,

[0023] 6 shredding unit,

[0024] 7 Frame for holding the shredding units and the drive, roller holding module

[0025] 8 hydroelectric drive.

[0026] Figure 1 clearly shows the receiving container 1 for the recycling of biowaste. The roller-shaped shredding units 6 explained in this embodiment are not shown in this figure. However, the opening 2, into which the roller support module 7 (frame) with the rollers is to be inserted, is visible. Also visible is the conveying pressure plate 3, which is intended to press the biowaste against the shredding units 6 (it is shown roughly hatched). Furthermore, the jaws 4 for guiding the conveying pressure plate 3, with which the biowaste is transported and pressed against the shredding units 6, can be seen. Thus, Figure 1 clearly shows the structure and arrangement of the individual components of the inventive device and their interaction. The frame, which contains the shredding units 6, is shown in a separate figure. The base plate is provided with a water drain 5 here.This embodiment of the invention shown here has a relatively small receptacle 1, which, with dimensions of H = 250 mm, W = 180 mm, and D = 120 mm, is intended solely for daily kitchen waste. However, the same model is also available on a considerably larger scale with a volume of more than 5 m. 3 built as another test version.changes its orientation.

[0027] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the holding module 7 for the comminution units with the drive unit 8. The drive unit 8 is shown schematically as a tube in this figure. The orientation of the tube in the figure plays no role in the final orientation of the drive unit 8 (turbine). We see the frame 7, in this case a roller holding module, since the comminution units 6 are roller-shaped. In this Fig. 2, only two roller-shaped comminution units 6 can be seen. These are shown hatched in a triangular shape. However, it is not important for the core of the invention whether there are more than two comminution units 6 or whether they are roller-shaped. Increasing the number of comminution units 6 can, on the one hand, enlarge the comminution area or, if arranged in series, improve the degree of comminution.In Figure 2, the shredding units 6 are rotated by a hydropower turbine 8. The blade-like choppers located on the roller then shred the organic waste. The shredding units 6, here the rollers equipped with blade-like choppers, are driven by a hydropower turbine 8. The water pressure is proportional to the rotation speed and the pressure / cutting force acting on the organic waste. The individual shredding units 6 can be easily exchanged on the holding frame 7, but other holding modules 7 equipped with differently arranged shredding units 6 can also be inserted into the opening provided in the receiving container. This naturally also applies to holding modules 7 that have a different number of shredding units 6.

[0028] Example of filling and commissioning.

[0029] In a first step, the organic waste is placed in the receiving container 1. The consistency and composition of the organic waste is analyzed, and the number and arrangement of the shredding units 6 is determined. This sounds complicated, but with a little practice, it can be completed in minutes. The corresponding holding module 7, equipped with the specific number and arrangement of shredding units 6, is then inserted into the designated opening in the receiving container. The water inlet is connected so that the turbine 8 can be operated. The water pressure drives the turbine 8, and the shredding units 6 begin working. The water pressure also presses the conveyor plate 3 with the organic waste against the shredding units 6.The conveying pressure plate 3 thus ensures, on the one hand, the transport of the organic waste to the shredding units 6 and, on the other hand, it also provides the pressure to press the organic waste against the shredding units 6. The organic waste is then chopped. The inflowing water absorbs valuable suspended particles from the organic waste. This water, enriched with the suspended matter, is used to irrigate beds, fields, or other cultivated areas. The water can be poured out of an outlet secured with a closure. The closure can be designed as a slide valve. The chopped and shredded organic waste can be removed from the receiving container 1 and immediately used for fertilization purposes. It should be emphasized again here that only water and waste are used to produce the fertilizer. The organic waste can preferably consist of residual or waste products that arise during food preparation.As mentioned above, these residues from local regions are particularly effective fertilizers. Biocompatibility will likely play a decisive role here.

[0030] Further practical improvements include the installation of an automatic water flow stop, which regulates the water supply when the receptacle 1 is empty or full.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Device for processing biowaste characterized in that the device has at least one receiving container (1) for the biowaste, wherein the biowaste is guided through at least one shredding unit (6) and wherein the shredding unit (6) is driven by flowing water.

2. Device according to the first claim, characterized in that parts of the comminution unit (6) are designed in a cylindrical shape.

3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the biowaste is pressed onto the shredding unit (6) by means of a (conveying pressure) plate (3), wherein the pressure is generated by the inflowing water.

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number and arrangement of the comminution units (6) is designed such that they achieve an optimal degree of comminution.

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is designed in such a way that the comminution units (6) can be exchanged.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the comminution units (6) are driven by a turbine (8).

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving container (1) has an opening which is suitable for receiving a holding module (7) which is equipped with a selectable number of comminution units (6), wherein the comminution units (6) can also be arranged differently.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving container (1) has a water drain (5).

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