Use of at least one drying vegetable oil as an antiviral agent

Abstract

The present invention relates to a use of at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gl / 100g to provide antiviral properties to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Title: Use of at least one drying vegetable oil as an antiviral agent

[0003] Technical field

[0004] The invention relates to the field of inks and varnishes such as those known as oxidative drying inks, in particular for printing. In particular, it relates to the field of surface treatment of an article, in particular of a substrate such as a printable substrate, in particular in sheet form, and more particularly a treatment dedicated to providing this article with antiviral properties.

[0005] Prior art

[0006] In modern societies, an increasingly large quantity of materials or objects, such as media intended to transmit information, is dedicated to being handled daily and frequently by a large number of people.

[0007] By way of illustration and not limitation of these information media, the following may be cited in particular: means of payment, such as a banknote, a check or a restaurant voucher, an identity document, such as an identity card, a visa, a passport or a driving licence, a lottery ticket, a transport ticket, a vignette or a tax stamp, a playing card, packaging, a book, a magazine, etc.

[0008] However, users of these objects may be carriers of pathogenic microorganisms, in particular viruses, capable of generating epidemic and pandemic diseases of varying severity and, in fact, may be likely to contaminate any support they come into contact with. In the case where this support is intended to be subsequently handled by one or more other users, it in turn becomes an important vehicle for the dissemination of microorganisms, with regard to other people.

[0009] For example, as a form of currency in commercial transactions, banknotes are one of the most manipulated information media in the world and therefore represent a potential vector for the transmission of diseases.

[0010] Many solutions exist and implement mineral or synthetic biocides that can be used for the treatment of substrates in order to provide them with antimicrobial protection. However, these manufactured biocidal compounds can be relatively toxic and are also very often expensive. However, the development of technical solutions implementing environmentally friendly biocidal active ingredients is becoming an important issue at a time when environmental and ecological considerations, particularly with regard to recyclability, govern the choice of certain technologies, particularly when it comes to biocidal active ingredients that by nature are generally harmful to the environment and are subject to significant restrictions, particularly with regard to their discharge.

[0011] In addition, antimicrobial protection techniques are often likely to significantly alter the appearance of the surface of the material to be protected. For example, techniques for applying active protective films or the use of copper-based metal coatings significantly alter the thickness and / or initial color of the substrate.

[0012] It should also be noted that many techniques used for the implementation of antimicrobial protection are not compatible with mass production due to their complexity, particularly with an impact on production rates and / or production costs. For example, it is often necessary to implement an additional composition element or an additional process step.

[0013] Furthermore, for obvious reasons, optimizing the antiviral properties provided by surface treatment of these supports is a permanent objective. In particular, we seek to achieve good antiviral efficacy while providing good broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy, including good antibacterial efficacy.

[0014] The present invention specifically aims to propose a solution which makes it possible to provide antiviral properties to a deposit formed on the surface of a substrate while overcoming the drawbacks mentioned above.

[0015] In particular, it aims to propose a solution for forming an antiviral deposit on the surface of a substrate using conventional printing techniques, particularly offset printing.

[0016] It also aims to provide antiviral protection for articles that is environmentally friendly and, in particular, does not affect the recyclability of said articles. Description of the invention

[0017] The present invention thus proposes a use of at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine index of at least 80 gI / 100g to provide antiviral properties, in particular virucidal properties, to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate.

[0018] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a varnish or an ink, in particular intended to form a coating covering all or part of the surface of said inert substrate or a pattern printed on the surface of said inert substrate.

[0019] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is linseed oil, an oil derived from linseed oil or a mixture thereof.

[0020] It is understood that the use intended by the present invention is non-therapeutic.

[0021] Certainly, varnishes or inks comprising linseed oil are known as environmentally friendly protective formulations. However, to the inventors' knowledge, it has never been proposed to use linseed oil for the purpose of providing antiviral activity to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate, in particular in an oxidatively drying varnish or ink intended to be printed via a conventional printing process such as offset printing.

[0022] Against all expectations, the inventors have in fact discovered that drying vegetable oils, in particular linseed oil, when they form a deposit obtained after oxidative drying on the surface of a substrate, exhibit significant antiviral activity, in particular broad-spectrum virucidal activity on naked and enveloped viruses.

[0023] Indeed, as is apparent from the examples given below, a paper-type substrate coated with a deposit obtained from a composition comprising linseed oil in emulsion in water exhibits excellent antiviral activity, both on a naked virus and on an enveloped virus.

[0024] Furthermore, unlike solutions using synthetic biocides, the natural nature and the absence of toxicity of the proposed solution, using a drying vegetable oil or one of its derivatives as an antiviral agent, does not disrupt the recyclability of the treated material. The drying vegetable oil is also an edible product and its use according to the invention can, in certain configurations, make it possible to produce coatings suitable for food contact. The solution proposed in the present invention also has an economic advantage associated with the inexpensive active ingredient, i.e. the drying vegetable oil, and the possibility of forming thin deposits by the application process such as printing, in particular offset, gravure, screen printing or flexography, preferably offset printing.In particular, the implementation of a varnish or ink applicable by printing, in particular offset, gravure, screen printing or flexography, preferably by offset printing, makes this solution compatible with mass production.

[0025] For the purposes of the invention, the term "antiviral" means the ability of a compound, deposit, coating or object such as a substrate to inhibit the growth of viruses or to kill viruses.

[0026] The antiviral properties provided by the drying vegetable oil used according to the present invention are more particularly dedicated to inhibiting and / or killing viruses pathogenic to mammals and more particularly to humans.

[0027] Such viruses can be non-enveloped viruses, called "naked" viruses, which consist of a genome, DNA or RNA, and a capsid of viral proteins, or so-called "enveloped" viruses, which also have an envelope consisting of a double lipid layer in which viral proteins are integrated.

[0028] As representative of the viruses pathogenic to humans that may be considered according to the invention, mention may more particularly be made of retroviruses, cytomegaloviruses, rotaviruses, paramyxoviruses, polioviruses, hantaviruses, coxsackieviruses, the encephalomyocarditis virus, picomaviruses including rhinoviruses, DNA or RNA viruses, in particular flaviviridae, the AIDS virus, influenza viruses and in particular H1N1, adenoviruses, coronaviruses and in particular the human-infecting coronaviruses Hcov-229E, Hcov-OC43, SARS-COV-2, the smallpox virus, the yellow fever virus, the hepatitis C virus, the Ebola viruses, the herpes viruses, the Epstein-Barr virus, the varicella-zoster virus, the rubella virus, or even the simian virus 40 or SV40.

[0029] For the purposes of the invention, the term "virucidal" means the ability of a compound, a deposit, a coating or an object such as a substrate, to kill viruses, in particular as described above. According to a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a use of at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 g / lOOg to provide antiviral properties against enveloped viruses, in particular of the family of human-infecting coronaviruses, to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate. In particular, the enveloped viruses may be enveloped airborne viruses. These viruses may in particular be coronaviruses, in particular such as the Hcov-229E, Hcov-OC43 or SARS-COV-2 coronaviruses, or influenza viruses, in particular such as the influenza A virus, the influenza B virus, the influenza C virus or the influenza D virus.

[0030] In particular, enveloped viruses can be RNA viruses, more specifically single-stranded RNA viruses, including positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.

[0031] According to another particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a use of at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine index of at least 80 gl / 100g to provide antiviral properties against naked viruses, in particular of the adenovirus family, to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate.

[0032] In particular, naked viruses can be naked viruses responsible for gastroenteritis. These viruses can be rotaviruses, noroviruses, caliciviruses, adenoviruses, or astroviruses.

[0033] Alternatively, naked viruses can be DNA viruses, including double-stranded DNA viruses.

[0034] Advantageously, the drying vegetable oil according to the invention can provide antiviral properties against naked viruses, in particular those responsible for gastroenteritis, and against enveloped viruses, in particular those with airborne transmission, to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate. These viruses can be naked viruses and enveloped viruses as described above. In particular, the drying vegetable oil according to the invention can provide antiviral properties against naked viruses of the adenovirus family and enveloped viruses of the coronavirus family with human infection.

[0035] Other characteristics, variants and advantages of a use according to the invention, and of its implementation for the surface treatment of articles, in particular substrates, will emerge more clearly on reading the description and the examples which follow, given by way of illustration and not limitation of the invention.

[0036] In the rest of the text, the expressions "between ... and ...", "ranging from ... to ..." and "varying from ... to ..." are equivalent and are intended to mean that the limits are included, unless otherwise stated.

[0037] Detailed description

[0038] As indicated above, the invention uses, in order to achieve particularly advantageous antiviral properties, at least one drying vegetable oil. In particular, the drying vegetable oil makes it possible to form an antiviral deposit on the surface of an inert substrate by oxidative drying.

[0039] Drying vegetable oil

[0040] By “plant” compound within the meaning of the present invention, we mean a compound or extract, of natural origin, obtained from plants, via, where appropriate, one or more physical and / or chemical processes, such as for example grinding, refining, distillation, purification, filtration or cooking.

[0041] By "naturally occurring" compound is meant any compound that pre-exists in nature or that can be synthesized from natural compounds that exist in nature.

[0042] For the purposes of the invention, the term "drying oil" means an oil which, when spread in a thin layer and then exposed to air, transforms into a solid film.

[0043] The drying vegetable oil used in the application is selected from vegetable oils rich in unsaturated fatty acids, in particular monounsaturated and / or polyunsaturated, or their esters such as triglycerides. By "unsaturated" fatty acid is meant that the fatty acid contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond. A "monounsaturated" fatty acid contains a single carbon-carbon double bond. A "polyunsaturated" fatty acid contains at least two carbon-carbon double bonds.

[0044] In particular, the drying vegetable oil comprises at least 65% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, or even at least 85% by weight, of unsaturated fatty acids, their esters and their mixtures, relative to the total weight of the drying vegetable oil. Preferably, the drying vegetable oil comprises at least 65% by weight, more preferably at least 75% by weight, or even at least 85% by weight, of fatty acids chosen from oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, their esters and their mixtures, in particular from oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid and their mixtures, relative to the total weight of the drying vegetable oil.

[0045] The drying properties of an oil can be characterized by its iodine value. The iodine value represents the amount of iodine capable of binding to the unsaturations carried by the vegetable oil, and is expressed in grams of iodine per 100 g of vegetable oil. Thus, the higher the iodine value, the more drying an oil can be. For example, the iodine value of a saturated fatty acid is zero. The iodine value can be determined by titration according to standard NF EN ISO 3961.

[0046] The drying vegetable oil used in the use according to the invention has an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100g. In particular, the drying vegetable oil has an iodine value of at least 100 gI / 100g, preferably at least 150 gI / 100g.

[0047] Advantageously, the drying vegetable oil may be chosen from linseed oil, Chinese wood oil, also known as Tung oil or Canton oil, oiticica oil, vernonia oil, poppy oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil, soybean oil, castor oil, lavender oil and peppermint oil, in particular from linseed oil, Chinese wood oil, oiticica oil, vernonia oil, poppy oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil and soybean oil; their derived oils such as the esters of these vegetable oils, the alkyd resins obtained from these vegetable oils; and their mixtures.

[0048] Alkyd resins are polyesters comprising hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids, obtained in particular by polymerization of polyols and polyacids or their corresponding anhydride, in the presence of fatty acids. These fatty acids are present, in particular in the form of triglycerides, in the majority of natural oils, such as in particular the oils mentioned above.

[0049] By "derived oil" is meant a vegetable oil that has been modified by chemical reaction. In particular, drying vegetable oil may be refined and / or partially polymerized. Examples include blown oils and stand oils, maleinized, epoxidized or cooked oils.

[0050] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the drying vegetable oil according to the invention is linseed oil, an oil derived from linseed oil or a mixture thereof, preferably linseed oil. In general, linseed oil has an iodine value ranging from 170 to 204 g / lOOg.

[0051] Linseed oil can be raw or cooked. Preferably, the drying vegetable oil used in the use according to the invention is raw, refined, or refined and crystallized by cooling (in English "winterized") linseed oil.

[0052] By "cooked linseed oil" is meant raw linseed oil which has undergone heating at a high temperature, in particular above 280°C, under controlled oxidation and then at a lower temperature.

[0053] Such drying vegetable oils are commercially available. Examples include linseed oils marketed by Alberdingk Boley under the names "Crude LO", "Refined LO", "Refined LO winterized", or "Pale refined LO".

[0054] The drying vegetable oil can be used in pure form, in the form of an emulsion or a solution. In particular, it is used in the form of an emulsion, in particular an oil-in-water emulsion, or a solution in a solvent. Turpentine can be cited as a solvent suitable for forming a vegetable oil solution.

[0055] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of an emulsion, in particular oil in water, or even in the form of a dispersion, in particular aqueous.

[0056] According to a particular embodiment, the drying vegetable oil can be used in an emulsion, in particular aqueous, or a dispersion, in particular aqueous, which can contain at least one polymer binder, in particular chosen from acrylic, polyurethane, styrene-acrylic binders, their copolymers and their mixtures.

[0057] Alternatively, drying vegetable oil can be used in a wax.

[0058] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is implemented in the form of a formulation, such as a varnish, an ink or a lacquer, preferably a varnish or an ink, having a viscosity suitable for its application to the inert substrate by printing, in particular a viscosity ranging from 30 mPa.s to 40 Pa.s, preferably from 50 mPa.s to 25 Pa.s. It can be implemented in the form of a formulation comprising from 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably from 1.5% to 70% by weight, more preferably from 30% to 70% and even more preferably from 40% to 70% by weight, of drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention, in particular linseed oil, relative to the total weight of the formulation.

[0059] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a varnish or an ink, in particular with oxidative drying. In particular, the drying vegetable oil is a major component of the varnish or ink. On the one hand, it ensures the function of drying by oxidation of the ink or varnish and on the other hand provides the associated antiviral function, in particular virucidal, without requiring the use of additional synthetic biocides. Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a varnish with radical or cationic UV crosslinking. This crosslinking is initiated during the application of the varnish or ink to the surface of the support to be treated to lead to the expected varnish film or print deposit.

[0060] Advantageously, the drying vegetable oil has, in addition to antiviral activity, antimicrobial activity, in particular antibacterial and / or antifungal.

[0061] In particular, the varnish or ink is applicable with low deposit, that is to say it allows the formation of deposits of low thickness and / or small surface area. Advantageously, it preserves the appearance of the surface of the substrate, that is to say the appearance of the surface is little or not modified by the application of the varnish or ink. According to an advantageous embodiment, the varnish or ink can be applied by a printing process, in particular of the offset printing, gravure printing, screen printing or flexography type, preferably by offset printing.

[0062] The varnish may be a pre-printing or post-printing varnish, in particular an overprinting varnish, in particular an oxidative drying varnish. The varnish has in particular a viscosity ranging from 30 mPa.s to 40 Pa.s, preferably from 50 mPa.s to 25 Pa.s.

[0063] The varnish may comprise from 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably from 1.5% to 70% by weight, of drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention, in particular linseed oil, relative to the total weight of the varnish. For example, it may be a varnish comprising at least 1% of free linseed oil, the free linseed oil content being determined by transesterification, and having a dynamic viscosity at 40°C of between 0.3 and 3.15 Pa. s for a shear rate of between 9 and 9320 s 1 , the viscosity being measured using a Haake dynamic viscometer. By "free linseed oil" is meant unpolymerized linseed oil.

[0064] The ink may be a printing ink, in particular an oxidative drying printing ink. The ink has in particular a viscosity ranging from 30 mPa.s to 40 Pa.s, preferably from 50 mPa.s to 25 Pa.s. The ink may comprise from 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably from 1.5% to 70% by weight, more preferably from 30% to 70% and even more preferably from 40% to 70% by weight, of drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention, in particular linseed oil, relative to the total weight of the ink.

[0065] The drying vegetable oil may be used in combination with at least one additional agent, in particular chosen from additional biocidal agents, surfactants, and drying agents, in particular in combination with at least one additional biocidal agent, in particular at least one additional antiviral agent. By "additional agent" is meant a compound distinct from the drying vegetable oil used according to the invention. The drying vegetable oil may also be used in combination with one or more additional compounds, in particular with regard to its method of application and its intended use.

[0066] The drying vegetable oil may be implemented in association with at least one security element, in particular a marker or a tracer, for example for the purpose of authenticating and / or identifying the composition comprising the drying vegetable oil and / or the deposit formed. A marker or a tracer may be in the form of an active element, particles or fibers, capable of generating a specific signal when these tracers are subjected to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation, or a thermal or chemical stimulus.

[0067] Among the additional biocidal agents, mention may be made of bacteriostatic, bactericidal, fungistatic, fungicidal, yeasticidal and virucidal agents distinct from a drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention.

[0068] Of course, these agents are also selected for their safety for humans under the conditions of implementation according to the invention.

[0069] This or these additional biocidal agents may in particular be chosen from p-[(Diiodomethyl)sulfonyl]toluol, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate, methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate, quaternary ammonium-based compounds, in particular didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), monolaurin, compounds based on isothiazoline or isothiazolone derivatives, chitosan or chitin derivatives, zinc zeolite, silver ions, in particular silver chloride, silver in supported particulate form and triclosan and mixtures thereof.

[0070] According to one variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one bacteriostatic and / or bactericidal agent chosen from compounds based on chitosan or chitin derivatives, zinc zeolite, silver ions, silver in supported particulate form and triclosan and mixtures thereof.

[0071] According to one variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one fungistatic and / or fungicidal agent chosen from compounds based on isothiazoline or isothiazolone derivatives, chitosan or chitin derivatives, zinc zeolite, silver ions, silver in supported particulate form and triclosan.

[0072] According to one variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one fungistatic and / or fungicidal agent based on p-[(Diiodomethyl)sulfonyl]toluol.

[0073] According to one variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one fungistatic and / or fungicidal agent based on methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate.

[0074] According to one variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate (IPBC).

[0075] According to another variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one additional antiviral agent, in particular a virucide, in particular of natural origin. The virucides of natural origin which can be used in the context of the present invention can thus be obtained either by extraction and purification from a natural medium containing them, or by synthesis from natural compounds.

[0076] Examples of such virucides include monolaurin, which can be obtained by synthesis from glycerol and lauric acid.

[0077] For the purposes of the invention, the term monolaurin is intended to designate both naturally pre-existing monolaurin and that obtained by synthesis from glycerol and lauric acid.

[0078] According to one embodiment, the virucide of natural origin may be chosen in particular from monolaurin, lactoferrin and essential oils having antiviral activity, such as for example laurel essential oil. Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in a varnish or an ink comprising less than 1% by weight, in particular less than 0.5% by weight, more particularly less than 0.1% by weight of antiviral agent, in particular virucidal, annex, or even devoid of antiviral agent, in particular virucidal, annex.

[0079] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is used in a varnish or ink comprising less than 1% by weight, in particular less than 0.5% by weight, more particularly less than 0.1% by weight of additional biocidal agent, or even without additional biocidal agent.

[0080] The surfactant may be chosen from nonionic, anionic, cationic, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, preferably from nonionic surfactants. Examples of nonionic surfactants that may be mentioned are sugar fatty acid esters, sugar fatty alcohol ethers, oxyalkylenated glycerol ethers, oxyalkylenated alcohols, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, oxyalkylenated glycerol ether fatty acid esters, sorbitol fatty acid esters, in particular oxyalkylenated, silicone surfactants, propylene oxide and ethylene oxide copolymers and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the surfactant is an ethoxylated surfactant such as beheneth-10.

[0081] The surfactant(s) may be used in a surfactant(s) / drying vegetable oil weight ratio ranging from 0.001 to 1, in particular from 0.01 to 0.15, more particularly from 0.05 to 0.1.

[0082] A "drying agent" means a compound that increases the drying speed of a drying oil, i.e. a drying agent catalyzes the drying of the drying oil when it is exposed to air.

[0083] In particular, the drying agent may be chosen from metal salts, in particular cobalt, zirconium, zinc, manganese, for example metal salts of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0084] The drying agent(s) may be used in a drying agent(s) / drying vegetable oil weight ratio ranging from 0.001 to 1, in particular from 0.005 to 0.15. Inert substrate

[0085] The drying vegetable oil used in the use according to the invention aims to form an antiviral deposit on the surface of an inert substrate. In particular, it aims to provide antiviral properties to said inert substrate.

[0086] Here, the term "inert substrate" means a substrate made of inert material(s), i.e. non-living matter.

[0087] The inert substrate may be a porous substrate, particularly fibrous.

[0088] H can be chosen from substrates such as paper or cardboard, leather, wood, textile or non-woven.

[0089] In particular, the inert substrate is distinct from wood, in particular from raw wood, chipboard or plywood. For example, the inert substrate is distinct from raw wood or plywood, in particular from raw wood.

[0090] Preferably, the inert substrate is a printable substrate, i.e. intended to form patterns and / or writing on its surface by printing.

[0091] Preferably, the inert substrate considered in the use according to the invention is a paper or cardboard type substrate.

[0092] An inert substrate can be made of fibers that can be natural, artificial and / or synthetic. It can also contain mineral fillers.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the invention, the fibers included in the composition of the substrate comprise natural fibers.

[0094] Natural fibers include cellulosic fibers, such as wood fibers, for example hardwood fibers, softwood fibers or their mixture, cotton fibers, bamboo fibers, straw fibers, abaca fibers, asperto fibers, hemp fibers, jute fibers, linen fibers, sisal fibers and their mixtures.

[0095] The pulp used to form paper or cardboard can be bleached, semi-bleached or unbleached, commonly referred to as bleached, semi-bleached or unbleached fibres respectively.

[0096] Preferably, the fibers included in the composition of the substrate comprise cellulosic fibers, in particular wood or annual plant fibers, synthetic fibers, and / or mineral fibers. According to a particular embodiment, the inert substrate is formed at least in part or even essentially of cellulosic fibers. In particular, said cellulosic fibers are a mixture of cotton fibers and wood fibers.

[0097] According to a particular variant, this substrate is formed at least in part or even essentially from recycled fibers, for example from the crushing of old paper.

[0098] According to another embodiment of the invention, the fibers included in the composition of the substrate may comprise synthetic fibers. The presence of synthetic fibers, mixed with cellulosic fibers, in the substrate according to the invention makes it possible to improve the tear resistance properties of said substrate.

[0099] In addition to these fibers, the porous and more particularly fibrous substrate may of course contain other components usually considered in the paper or cardboard industry and in particular chosen from humectants such as, for example, polyol-type compounds, such as, for example, glycerin, also called glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, butylene glycol, glyceryl triacetate, or sorbitol; fillers, in particular mineral fillers such as colloidal silica, sodium silicates, sodium aluminosilicates, natural or precipitated calcium carbonates, talc, natural or calcined kaolin, alumina hydrate, titanium dioxide, aluminum silicates, barium sulfate, and mixtures thereof, or organic fillers such as plastic fillers or pigments;and anionic or cationic mass bonding agents for example intended to develop part of the hydrophobicity of the finished substrate.;

[0100] In particular, the inert substrate is chosen from sheet substrates for packaging or for the manufacture of information media intended to be handled frequently by a large number of people, and therefore likely to carry pathogenic microorganisms, particularly viral ones.

[0101] In particular, the inert substrate may be intended for the manufacture of an information medium, such as a fibrous substrate intended for the manufacture of a secure document. Examples of such security documents include banknotes, handled at least hundreds of times during their period of circulation.

[0102] According to one embodiment, the inert substrate is dedicated to forming a security sheet which integrates at least one security element allowing the authentication of said sheet. In particular, said security element is chosen from visual devices, in particular optically variable devices, known as OVDs, holograms, lenticular devices, interference effect elements, in particular iridescent elements, liquid crystals, magnetically orientable effect pigments and interference multilayer structures. These optically variable devices may be present on security threads integrated into the fibrous substrate or on strips or patches affixed or printed on the fibrous substrate. As another visual security element, mention may also be made of watermarks produced during the manufacturing process of the fibrous substrate.In particular, said security element is chosen from so-called luminescent elements, revealable under UV or IR, these luminescent elements being able to be in the form of particles, fibers, planchettes, security thread integrated at least in part in the fibrous substrate, strips or patches affixed or printed on the fibrous substrate. In particular, said security element is chosen from automatically detectable elements, in particular optically or magnetically, these detectable elements commonly called markers or taggants being integrated in the fibrous substrate or in visual or luminescent security elements. A security sheet can also include a radio frequency identification device, called RFID, also providing an identification and traceability function to the security sheet.

[0103] According to one embodiment, the security sheet in question is or forms part of a security document. Preferably, the security document in question is an official document, in particular an identity document, a passport, a residence permit or a visa.

[0104] According to another embodiment, the inert substrate may be dedicated to forming a driving license, an access card, a loyalty card, a photocopy card, a canteen card, a playing card, a collectible card, a means of payment, in particular a payment card, a banknote, a voucher or a receipt, an access ticket to cultural or sporting events, a certificate of authenticity, a book or a magazine. The inert substrate may also be a cardboard dedicated to forming packaging cardboards, said cardboard being in particular formed from virgin fibers or preferably at least partly or even entirely from recycled fibers.

[0105] The inert substrate may also be a non-porous substrate, in particular chosen from a metallic material, a ceramic, a glass, a plastic material and a hybrid paper / plastic substrate with the plastic part on the outside. In the case of a plastic material, this is for example a printable thin sheet plastic, a packaging and / or protective film, a security film (in particular called "foil" in English), a laminate or a security element, or a polymer ticket.

[0106] According to a particular embodiment, the inert substrate, in particular porous or non-porous, is suitable for the manufacture of an information medium, such as a secure document, preferably a banknote.

[0107] In particular, the inert substrate, in particular porous or non-porous, is dedicated to forming a security sheet which incorporates at least one security element as described above, allowing the authentication of said sheet, or a radio frequency identification device. In particular, the security sheet considered is or forms part of a security document. The security document considered may be an official document, in particular an identity document, a passport, a residence permit or a visa. The inert substrate may be dedicated to forming a driving license, an access card, a loyalty card, a photocopy card, a canteen card, a playing card, a collectible card, a means of payment, in particular a payment card, a banknote, a voucher or a receipt, an access ticket to cultural or sporting events, a certificate of authenticity, a book or a magazine.

[0108] Deposit

[0109] In the use according to the invention, the drying vegetable oil makes it possible to provide antiviral properties to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate.

[0110] This deposit can be carried out by applying at least one drying vegetable oil according to the invention to the surface of the inert substrate to be treated.

[0111] Preferably, the deposit is formed by oxidative drying.

[0112] An oxidative drying step allows the drying vegetable oil deposited on the inert substrate to be solidified, in particular by polymerization in the presence of oxygen.

[0113] Oxidative drying may be carried out under an oxygenated atmosphere, in particular comprising more than 10%, for example more than 20% by volume of oxygen. For example, it may be carried out in the presence of air.

[0114] The oxidative drying may be carried out at a temperature above 50°C, for example ranging from 100°C to 200°C. In particular, the deposit may be formed by bringing at least all or part of one of the external surfaces of the inert substrate into contact with at least one drying vegetable oil as considered in the present invention, followed by oxidative drying. A support may thus be obtained comprising an inert substrate and a deposit on the surface of said inert substrate.

[0115] The formation of the deposit can be achieved using different methods of applying the drying vegetable oil.

[0116] According to one embodiment, the inert substrate is immersed in a solution or emulsion containing at least one drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention.

[0117] According to another embodiment, a solution or emulsion containing at least the drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention is sprayed onto the surface of at least one face of the inert substrate.

[0118] According to another embodiment, at least one of the external surfaces of the inert substrate is coated using a coating solution containing at least one drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention. The coating or coating can be carried out by an air knife system, curtain coating, by a pencil, blade or doctor blade system, by rollers, in particular pre-dosed, engraved or transfer, by a size press, by an impregnator, or by a film transfer press.

[0119] According to another embodiment, at least one of the external surfaces of the inert substrate is surfaced with a surface treatment bath containing at least one drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention.

[0120] According to another embodiment, the inert substrate having been previously coated and / or surfaced, is printed, partially or totally on the surface, using an ink containing at least one drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention.

[0121] According to another embodiment, an overprint varnish containing at least one drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention is applied to at least one of the external surfaces of said inert substrate, in particular having been previously coated and / or surfaced and printed. This may be an application by printing, in particular of the offset, flexographic, gravure or screen printing type, or by spraying. This is preferably an application by printing, and more preferably by offset printing.

[0122] These embodiments are particularly advantageous insofar as their implementation is compatible with a conventional method of manufacturing an inert support such as a porous support, in particular fibrous, in particular of the paper type, that is to say concomitantly with the conventional manufacturing steps.

[0123] They therefore advantageously do not require any additional steps other than those required for the manufacture of the support.

[0124] Of course, these different methods of bringing the drying vegetable oil into contact with the external surface(s) of the inert substrate to be treated may, where appropriate, be combined. However, these combinations must be compatible with the manifestation, at the level of the inert substrate, of the desired antiviral activity.

[0125] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is brought into contact with said inert substrate by sizing, surfacing or impregnation.

[0126] According to a preferred embodiment, the deposit is formed by printing, gluing, surfacing or spraying, in particular by printing, in particular of the offset, flexography, gravure or screen printing type, preferably by offset printing.

[0127] The deposit may be located on the surface of said substrate and / or in the superficial part of the thickness of the substrate. In particular, the deposit is located at least on the external surface of said substrate, or even only on the surface of the substrate, in other words without penetration into the thickness of the substrate.

[0128] Preferably, the deposit is a coating covering all or part of the surface of said inert substrate. In particular, the deposit is a coating covering the entire surface of the inert substrate. The coating may be placed on the surface of a printed inert substrate, in particular to protect a pattern and / or printed writing, or between an inert substrate and a printed surface, in particular as a printing surface.

[0129] Preferably, the targeted deposition area for the varnish according to the invention is an area dedicated to being exposed to direct contact with the handler of the substrate treated according to the invention so as to guarantee this handler a gain in harmlessness. The deposit can also be a print, in particular covering only a portion of the surface of the inert substrate, for example in the form of patterns or writing, said covered portion preferably being a part intended to be handled and / or touched.

[0130] In particular, the deposit obtained after drying consists of at least 40% by weight of a drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention, one of its derivatives, in particular as obtained after oxidative drying, or their mixtures, in particular at least 60% by weight, more particularly at least 75% by weight, or even at least 90% by weight, relative to the weight of said deposit.

[0131] Preferably, the deposit obtained after drying consists of at least 40% by weight of linseed oil, one of its derivatives, in particular as obtained after oxidative drying, or their mixtures, in particular at least 60% by weight, more particularly at least 75% by weight, or even at least 90% by weight, relative to the weight of said deposit.

[0132] The deposit may also comprise at least one additional agent as described above, in particular at least one additional biocidal agent, at least one surfactant and / or at least one drying agent. In particular, the deposit comprises less than 5%, in particular less than 1%, for example less than 0.5% of additional biocidal agent relative to the weight of said deposit, or even is devoid of additional biocidal agent. Preferably, the deposit comprises less than 5%, in particular less than 1%, for example less than 0.5% of additional antiviral agent, in particular additional virucidal agent, relative to the weight of said deposit, or even is devoid of additional antiviral agent, or even is devoid of additional virucidal agent.

[0133] The antiviral properties of the deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate, in particular as detailed previously, can be evaluated according to standard methods, as described in the examples which follow, for example with respect to the human coronaviruses Hcov-OC43 and Hcov-229E (enveloped viruses representative of the coronavirus family to which SARS-COV2 belongs) or with respect to Adenovirus 10 (naked virus responsible for respiratory syndromes and occasionally gastroenteritis), according to the ASTM E 1053 standard or the ISO 21702 standard.

[0134] The use according to the invention makes it possible in particular to achieve excellent antiviral activity, with in particular more than 99.9990% reduction in the viral load in 5 hours. Advantageously, the deposit formed on the surface of the inert substrate also has mechanical properties suitable for protecting the substrate from mechanical attacks. It can be transparent and / or shiny and / or colored. In particular, it forms a protective layer on the surface of the substrate with respect to its environment. Thus, the presence of the drying vegetable oil gives the deposit, in addition to the primary functionality of durability, an additional function of protection against microbial risk.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment, the inert substrate on the surface of which the deposit is formed is a fibrous substrate of paper for banknotes or security documents or packaging paper, or copy paper or a cardboard support for making packaging cartons, in particular cartons dedicated to forming packaging cartons, in particular flat or corrugated. In particular, the use according to the invention aims to form a printed substrate.

[0136] According to a preferred embodiment, said inert substrate is a paper and said drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, is used in a proportion of at least 0.5% by weight, preferably at least 1% by weight, more preferably at least 1.5% by weight, or even from 1.5% to 2.5% by weight of drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, relative to the weight of the paper.

[0137] According to another preferred embodiment, said inert substrate is a cardboard and said drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, is used in a proportion of at least 0.5% by weight of drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention, in particular linseed oil, preferably at least 1% by weight, more preferably at least 1.5% by weight, or even from 1.5% to 2.5%, by weight of drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention, in particular linseed oil, relative to the weight of the cardboard.

[0138] Applications

[0139] The use according to the present invention can in particular be implemented to prepare papers, for covers (“kraft liner” or “test liner”) and / or corrugated paper used in the composition of packaging cardboards.

[0140] It can also be used to prepare a security document, including a banknote.

[0141] In particular, it can be used to prepare non-woven and textile papers and materials, printing and writing papers, coated papers and copy papers. The use according to the present invention can in particular be used to prepare polymer films for packaging or for fiduciary applications, as well as plastic loyalty or payment cards.

[0142] Examples

[0143] Materials and methods

[0144] The following raw materials were used:

[0145] - Linseed oil marketed by the company Sigma Aldrich under the name linseed oil, with an iodine value ranging from 170 to 204 gI / 100g of linseed oil;

[0146] - Surfactant: Beheneth-10 marketed by BASF under the name Eumulgin BA 10;

[0147] - Dispersion of styrene-acrylic copolymers at 46-48% by dry weight marketed by DSM Coating Resins BV under the name NeoCryl A-2092;

[0148] - Emulsion of acrylic copolymers at 43-45% by dry weight marketed by DSM Coating Resins BV under the name NeoCryl A-1127;

[0149] - Dispersion of acrylic copolymers at 43-45% by dry weight marketed by DSM

[0150] Coating Resins BV under the name Decovery SP-6200XP,

[0151] - Cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support marketed by the company Sicpa with a dry extract of 90-100%;

[0152] - Cationic crosslinking UV varnish for polymer support marketed by the company Sicpa with a dry extract of 90-100%;

[0153] - UV crosslinking varnish with a solids content of 90-100% marketed by SunChemical under the reference Sun Flexo UV gloss CTG.

[0154] In the following examples, and unless otherwise indicated, the % by weight are expressed as % by weight of the commercial products.

[0155] 1. Test for antiviral properties

[0156] The test for antiviral activity against the human coronavirus Hcov-OC43 (enveloped virus representing the coronavirus family of which SARS-COV2 is a part), or against Adenovirus 10 (naked virus responsible for respiratory syndromes and occasionally gastroenteritis) is based on the ASTM E 1053 standard. The test for antiviral activity against the coronavirus Hcov-229E is based on the ISO 21702 standard.

[0157] Cell culture infectivity test

[0158] The human coronavirus Hcov-OC43 virus was propagated and enumerated using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, using the human ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT-8 cell line (ATCC CCL-244) as host. The cells were grown in cell culture flasks.

[0159] For enumeration, the virus was counted in infectious units according to the dosage methodology described in Standard Method 9510 (APHA, 2012 equivalent to EPA / 600 / R-95 / 178 and EPA / 600 / 4 / 84 / 013 update).

[0160] Briefly, aliquots of a virus-containing sample were inoculated onto freshly prepared monolayers of HCT8 cells (approximately 90% confluent). The cells were then incubated in dMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium); 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Mediatech, USA) at 35 °C and 5% CO2 for 8-10 days. Cells were regularly monitored under a microscope for signs of degeneration. Cells showing signs of infectivity in the flasks (cytopathic effects, CPE) were counted as positive (+) and those without CPE as negative (-). The most probable number of infectious virus in a sample is then calculated using the MPNCALC software (version 0.0.0.23). For experiments, the frozen viral stock (typically 1.10 8IU / ml) was rapidly thawed in a 35°C water bath. The virus suspension contained 2% FBS and was diluted in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and used within 15 minutes of thawing. The virus suspension was enumerated by performing tenfold serial dilutions in PBS and then inoculated onto HCT8 cells as described above.

[0161] Evaluation of treated paper samples

[0162] The evaluation test was adapted from ASTM E 1053 (“Standard Practice to Assess Virucidal Activity of Chemicals Intended for Disinfection of Inanimate, Nonporous Environmental Surfaces”). Specifically, the test papers were cut into 25 mm square sections. Three sections of each of the treated test papers and two sections of a reference paper were placed in sterile 100 mm diameter Petri dishes. 100 ml of the viral suspension was applied evenly to the surface of each of the paper sections to be evaluated; the inoculum was applied with 10 μL drops. The Petri dishes were covered and incubated for 5 hours at 20-22 °C in a biological safety cabinet.Then, each of the samples (3 treated paper sections and 2 control sections) were transferred into a sterile 50 ml conical-bottom centrifuge tube (Corning, USA) containing 10 ml of sterile D / E neutralizing culture broth.

[0163] Collected samples were placed on an orbital shaker and shaken at low speed for 15 minutes. Then, tenfold dilutions of the suspensions were made in PBS. The number of viable (infectious) virus units in the samples was determined using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method described previously.

[0164] The percentage of “viral load reduction”, also called the percentage of “anti-viral activity”, is defined as follows:

[0165] [Math 1]

[0166] % viral reduction 100 with NPP the average over the evaluated samples of the Most Probable Number of Viral Infectious Units determined as previously described, at t=0 just after deposition of the inoculum (NPPo), and after a contact time of 5 hours, for the treated sample (NPPtreated).

[0167] The reduction in viral load, expressed in log, is defined as follows:

[0168] [Math 2]

[0169] Log reduction in viral load = log (NPP Traité ) - log (NPP Non Traité ) with NPPrtreated and NPPNOII Treated the average on the evaluated samples of the Most probable number of viral infectious units determined as previously described after a contact time of 5 hours, respectively for a sample treated in accordance with the invention and for the same untreated sample. The same protocol is implemented for F Adenovirus 10 using as host the cell line corresponding to ATCC VR-1504.

[0170] 2. Testing for antibacterial properties

[0171] They are characterized using antibacterial control according to standard NF EN ISO 20743: 2013 - Textiles, determination of the antibacterial activity of textile products, transfer method, with Escherichia Coli (ATCC 8739) strains representative of Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus Aureus (ATCC 6538) representative of Gram-positive bacteria. They are characterized for an incubation time of 24 hours. Prior to the test, the control samples were sterilized for 20 minutes with steam at 121 °C.

[0172] The growth value is defined as follows:

[0173] [Math 3]

[0174] Growth = log (C24ft) - log (C oh )

[0175] With Coh and C24 / 1 representing respectively the concentration of bacteria at t=Oh and after 24h of incubation expressed in CFU / mL.

[0176] The percentage reduction in bacterial load is defined as follows: [Math 4]

[0177] % bacterial reduction = - - - x 100

[0178] 3. Wet recovery assessment test

[0179] This test aims to determine the weight of bath taken during the coating / surfacing stage by weighing the paper before and after coating / surfacing without drying. It is expressed in grams of wet coating applied per unit area (m 2 ) or in % by weight.

[0180] Example 1

[0181] Compositions according to the invention

[0182] Test 1: Linseed oil combined with a dispersion of styrene-acrylic copolymers

[0183] 200 g of Neocryl A-2092 are stirred using a Rayneri disperser. Linseed oil is added to the dispersion while stirring at the rates indicated in the table below.

[0184] The mixture obtained is stirred for 5 minutes then the stirring is stopped to observe the mixture at rest.

[0185] The mixture is taken and applied by coating on Kraft liner with a Braive 8pm coating bar.

[0186] The tested compositions are listed in the table below, along with their quality in terms of appearance. The appearance of the film they form on a kraft support is also indicated.

[0187] [Table 1]

[0188] Test 2: Linseed oil combined with an emulsion of acrylic copolymers

[0189] 200 g of Neocryl Al 127 are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0190] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring at the rates indicated in the table below.

[0191] The mixture obtained is stirred for 5 minutes then the stirring is stopped to observe the mixture at rest.

[0192] The mixture is taken and applied by coating on Kraft liner with a Braive 8pm coating bar.

[0193] The tested compositions are listed in the table below, along with their quality in terms of appearance. The appearance of the film they form on a kraft support is also indicated. [Table 2]

[0194] Test 3: Linseed oil combined with a dispersion of acrylic copolymers 200 g of Discovery SP-6200XP are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0195] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring at the rates indicated in the table below.

[0196] The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and then the stirring is stopped to observe the mixture at rest. The mixture is removed and coated onto Kraft liner with a Braive 8pm coating bar.

[0197] The tested compositions are listed in the table below, along with their quality in terms of appearance. The appearance of the film they form on a kraft support is also indicated.

[0198] [Table 3] Test 4: Linseed oil combined with three commercial varnishes

[0199] 200 g of cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support marketed by the company Sicpa are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0200] Linseed oil is added to the varnishes under stirring at a content of 5% linseed oil relative to the weight of the varnish.

[0201] The mixture obtained is stirred for 5 minutes then the stirring is stopped to observe the mixture at rest.

[0202] The same protocol is followed by implementing the cationic crosslinking UV varnish for polymer support marketed by the company Sicpa instead of the cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support marketed by the company Sicpa, to form a second mixture.

[0203] The protocol described above is also followed by using Sun Flexo UV gloss CTG instead of the cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support marketed by the company Sicpa, and by adding 2% of linseed oil instead of 5% relative to the weight of varnish, to form a third mixture.

[0204] The three liquid mixtures are homogeneous.

[0205] Each mix is ​​taken and applied by coating on Kraft liner with a Braive 8pm coating bar.

[0206] The drying of the three mixtures is not disturbed and the three deposits thus obtained are homogeneous, non-greasy films.

[0207] In conclusion, linseed oil does not show any incompatibility with the tested emulsions, dispersions and varnishes.

[0208] Example 2

[0209] Preparation of paper treated with linseed oil and evaluation of antiviral activity

[0210] Composition 10 as shown in the following Table 4 is prepared by mixing the different compounds in water (adding Eumulgin BA10 at 60°C then heating to 80°C), then emulsifying the mixture of linseed oil, water and Eumulgin BA10 by rapid stirring using a Rayneri disperser for a few minutes. [Table 4]

[0211] The substrate considered for processing is a sheet of raw cotton paper free from surfacing, suitable as paper for making bank paper.

[0212] The substrate is impregnated in one pass on a sizing press with composition 10, then dried in an oven for 10 minutes at 105°C to remove the water, then left to dry at room temperature and in an ambient atmosphere.

[0213] An A test is carried out.

[0214] The results of the antiviral activity, obtained as described above for the substrate treated with composition 10, are collected in the following table 5, for an NPPo value of 1.1 x 10 6 . [Table 5] The virucidal activity of the treated assay A substrate is excellent.

[0215] Example 3

[0216] Preparation of paper treated with a commercial linseed oil-based varnish and evaluation of antiviral and antibacterial activities

[0217] Five substrates identical to that used in example 2 are considered.

[0218] The oxidative drying varnish (varnish 11) used in this example is a commercial solvent-free oil varnish. Its free (unpolymerized) linseed oil content, measured by the GC / FID method after transesterification by quantification of methyl lineolenate, is 1.77% by weight relative to the total weight of the varnish.

[0219] The oxidative drying varnish is applied to the surface of the substrates by offset printing using an IGT applicator, at a rate of 2.4 g / m 2 (tests B to F).

[0220] The results of the antiviral activity and the antibacterial activity, obtained as described above for the substrates treated with varnish 11, are collected respectively in the following tables 6 and 7. The antiviral activity is measured for an NPPo value (most probable number of viral units) of 1.4xl0 6and the reduction in viral load is calculated. The antibacterial activity is measured for an inoculum concentration of 1.40.10 6 CFU / mL for S. aureus and 1.41.10 6 CFU / mL for E. coli, on 3 test tubes.

[0221] [Table 6]

[0222] The virucidal activity of substrates treated by offset printing with linseed oil-based varnish 11 is excellent. [Table 7]

[0223] Tests B and F have bactericidal activity.

[0224] Example 4

[0225] Linseed oil combined with two commercial varnishes, application on paper and evaluation of antiviral and antibacterial activities Test 1: Direct contact acrylic varnish

[0226] 200 g of direct contact acrylic varnish marketed by the company SN Brancher are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0227] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring at the rate indicated in the table below. The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and then its quality in terms of appearance is examined at rest. The mixture is then taken and coated on printing-writing paper on both sides with a coating bar so as to obtain a dry deposit of 2g / m 2 and the appearance of this deposit is also characterized. All of these observations are detailed in Table 8 below. [Table 8]

[0228] The results of antiviral activity and antibacterial activity, obtained as described above for the substrates treated with the above varnish, are collected respectively in the following tables 9 and 10.

[0229] Antibacterial activity is measured for a T inoculum concentration of 1.72.10 6 CFU / mL for S. aureus on 3 test tubes. [Table 9]

[0230] Antiviral activity is measured at a NPPo (most probable number of viral units) value of 8xl0 3 and the reduction in viral load is calculated. [Table 10] The virucidal activity of substrates with the varnish formulated with linseed oil is excellent.

[0231] Test 2: MGA Acrylac Varnish

[0232] 200 g of Acrylac MGA marketed by the Huber company are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0233] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring at the rate indicated in the table below.

[0234] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and then the stirring is stopped to observe the mixture at rest. The mixture is then taken and coated on double-sided printing-writing paper with a coating bar to obtain a dry deposit of 3.5g / m 2and the appearance of this deposit is also characterized. All of these observations are detailed in Table 11 below.

[0235] [Table 11]

[0236] The results of antiviral activity and antibacterial activity, obtained as described above for the substrates treated with the above varnish, are collected respectively in the following tables 12 and 13.

[0237] Antibacterial activity is measured for a T inoculum concentration of 1.73.10 6 CFU / mL for S. aureus and 2.00.10 6 CFU / mL for E.coli on 2 test tubes. [Table 12]

[0238] The amount of resulting viral units / cm 2 of virus affixed to the varnish alone applied to the substrate is 25119.

[0239] [Table 13]

[0240] The virucidal activity of substrates treated with the varnish according to the invention is characterized by a shorter speed of action.

[0241] Example 5

[0242] Linseed oil and lavender oil combined independently or not with a commercial varnish modified or not by the addition of monolaurin, application on paper and evaluation of antiviral activities 50 g of SicpaProtect 889368 marketed by the company Sicpa is stirred using a Rayneri disperser. If necessary, the glycerol monolaurate is incorporated into the varnish while stirring until completely dissolved.

[0243] Linseed oil and / or lavender oil is added to the dispersion with stirring at the rate indicated in the table below.

[0244] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes. The mixture is then taken and applied by flexography on banknote paper on both sides with an Anilox 7 in order to obtain a dry deposit of 2g / m 2 .

[0245] [Table 14]

[0246] The results of antiviral activity, for the substrates treated with the above varnish, are gathered respectively in the following tables 15 and 16.

[0247] Antiviral activity against the Hcov-229E coronavirus is measured at a NPPo (most probable number of viral units) value of 3.98xl0 3 and the reduction in viral load is calculated.

[0248] [Table 15] Antiviral activity against the Hcov OC43 coronavirus is measured at a NPPo (most probable number of viral units) value of 7xl0 5 and the reduction in viral load is calculated.

[0249] [Table 16]

[0250] The virucidal activity of linseed oil and lavender oil against Hcov-229E and Hcov OC43 viruses of substrates with formulated varnishes is confirmed for this varnish.

Claims

Demands 1. Use of at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100g to provide antiviral properties to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate.

2. Use according to claim 1, said antiviral properties being with respect to naked viruses, in particular of the adenovirus family.

3. Use according to claim 2, said naked viruses being responsible for gastroenteritis.

4. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said antiviral properties being with respect to enveloped viruses, in particular of the family of coronaviruses with human infection.

5. Use according to claim 4, said enveloped viruses being airborne, in particular selected from coronaviruses and influenza viruses.

6. Use according to any one of the preceding claims to provide virucidal properties to said deposit.

7. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said deposit being a coating covering all or part of the surface of said inert substrate.

8. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said deposit being formed by oxidative drying.

9. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil comprising at least 65% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, or even at least 85% by weight, of fatty acids selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linoleic acid, their esters and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the drying vegetable oil.

10. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being selected from linseed oil, tung oil (also known as China wood oil or Canton oil), oiticica oil, vemonia oil, poppyseed oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil, soybean oil, castor oil, lavender oil, and peppermint oil, in particular from linseed oil, tung oil, oiticica oil, vemonia oil, poppyseed oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil, and oil of soybeans; their derived oils such as esters of these vegetable oils, alkyd resins obtained from these vegetable oils; and mixtures thereof; preferably being linseed oil, an oil derived from linseed oil or a mixture thereof, in particular raw or cooked linseed oil.

11. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said deposit obtained after drying consisting of at least 40% by weight of said drying vegetable oil, one of its derivatives or mixtures thereof, in particular linseed oil, one of its derivatives or mixtures thereof, in particular at least 60% by weight, more particularly at least 75% by weight, or even at least 90% by weight, relative to the weight of said deposit.

12. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being implemented in the form of an emulsion, in particular an oil-in-water emulsion, or a solution in a solvent, in particular in the form of an emulsion.

13. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being implemented in an emulsion, in particular aqueous, or a dispersion, in particular aqueous, in particular containing at least one polymer binder, in particular selected from acrylic, polyurethane, styrene-acrylic binders, their copolymers and mixtures thereof.

14. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being implemented in the form of a varnish or an ink.

15. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being implemented in the form of a radical or cationic UV crosslinking varnish.

16. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, the drying vegetable oil being implemented in the form of a formulation comprising from 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably from 1.5% to 70% by weight, more preferably from 30% to 70% and even more preferably from 40% to 70% by weight of said drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, relative to the total weight of said formulation.

17. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being brought into contact with said inert substrate by gluing, by surfacing or by impregnation.

18. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said deposit being formed by printing, gluing, surfacing or spraying, in particular by printing, especially of the offset, flexographic, gravure or screen printing type, preferably by offset printing.

19. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said inert substrate being a porous substrate, in particular fibrous, in particular selected from paper or cardboard type substrates, leather, wood, a textile or a non-woven material, preferably of the paper or cardboard type.

20. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 18, said inert substrate being a non-porous substrate, in particular selected from a metallic material, a ceramic, a glass, a plastic material and a paper / plastic hybrid substrate with the plastic part on the outside.

21. Use according to any of the preceding claims to prepare a security document, in particular a banknote.

22. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said inert substrate being paper and said drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, being used at a rate of at least 0.5% by weight, preferably at least 1% by weight, more preferably at least 1.5% by weight, or even 1.5% to 2.5% by weight of drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, relative to the weight of the paper.

23. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, said drying vegetable oil being implemented in combination with at least one ancillary agent, in particular selected from: ancillary biocidal agents, in particular selected from p-[(Diiodomethyl)sulfonyl]toluol, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate, methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate, quaternary ammonium compounds, in particular didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), monolaurin, isothiazoline compounds or isothiazolone derivatives, chitosan or chitin derivatives, zinc zeolite, silver ions, in particular silver chloride, silver in supported particulate form and triclosan and mixtures thereof; surfactants, in particular selected from non-ionic surfactants, in particular ethoxylated; and drying agents, particularly those selected from metallic salts, especially cobalt, zirconium, zinc, manganese, for example, metallic salts of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and mixtures thereof; in particular in combination with at least one additional biocidal agent, especially at least one additional antiviral agent.

24. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, the drying vegetable oil being used in association with at least one safety feature, in particular a marker or tracer.

Images