Sliding formwork and method for producing a concrete body with a sliding formwork

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding formwork (1) and to a method for producing a concrete body, having: a yoke (2) with a yoke beam (3) and a first yoke leg (4), wherein the first yoke leg (4) projects downwardly from the yoke beam (3); a first sliding-formwork element (6) for delimiting a filling space (10) that is able to be filled with concrete, wherein the first sliding-formwork element (6) is attached to the first yoke leg (4); a lifting device (21) for raising the yoke (2) together with the first sliding-formwork element (6); a spacer (25) for spacing apart a reinforcement that is able to be arranged in the filling space (10) from the inner side of the first sliding-formwork element (6), characterised in that the spacer (25) is arranged above the first sliding-formwork element (6) such that the spacer (25) does not project into the filling space (10) that is able to be filled with concrete.

Description

[0001] Slipform and method for producing a concrete body with a slipform

[0002] The invention relates to a sliding formwork for producing a concrete body, comprising: a yoke with a yoke support and a first yoke base, wherein the first yoke base projects downwards from the yoke support, a first sliding formwork element for delimiting a filling space that can be filled with concrete, wherein the first sliding formwork element is attached to the first yoke base, a lifting device for lifting the yoke together with the first sliding formwork element, a spacer for spacing a reinforcement that can be arranged in the filling space from the inside of the first sliding formwork element.

[0003] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a concrete body with a sliding formwork.

[0004] When producing concrete structures using slipform, the formwork elements are not moved but raised almost continuously, in individual strokes of, for example, approximately 2.5 cm. Unlike with climbing construction, the concreting process is not interrupted. The formwork elements are pulled up using climbing poles. While the formwork slides upwards, the concrete is poured between the formwork elements. At the same time, the reinforcements are installed. Such a slipform is known, for example, from DE 2304864.

[0005] Sliding formwork uses sliding hooks whose function is to hold the reinforcement at the required distance from the concrete surface. This is referred to as concrete cover, which is important for both durability and the position of built-in components. The thickness of the sliding hooks corresponds to the required concrete cover. These sliding hooks are attached to the sliding formwork and are raised with the formwork elements. In DE 2304864 the sliding hooks, referred to there as brackets, are arranged on the upper edges of the formwork panels. In another known design the sliding hook is attached to the working platform using a flat iron. In both designs this inevitably means that the sliding hooks sink into the concrete before it has hardened.With the current technology, the concrete flows back under the sliding hooks to the desired concrete surface, so the sliding hooks should not affect the quality of the concrete body. However, in practice, the sliding hooks have been shown to be an obstacle to cleaning the formwork elements. Concrete buildup can occur in this area, which then also has a detrimental effect on the concrete surface.

[0006] Other designs are also described in US4799872A, DE2304864A1, DE2657310A1 and CN113323402A.

[0007] In contrast, the object of the present invention is to alleviate or eliminate at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art. The invention preferably aims to create a sliding formwork that ensures the concrete cover of the reinforcement without compromising the cleaning of the formwork element.

[0008] This object is achieved by a sliding formwork according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 11. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0009] According to the invention, the spacer is arranged above the first sliding formwork element so that the spacer does not protrude into the filling space that can be filled with concrete and is adjacent to the first sliding formwork element.

[0010] For the purposes of this disclosure, the location and direction specifications, such as "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", etc., refer to the intended use of the slipform during the construction of a concrete body extending in a vertical direction. To produce a concrete body inclined to the vertical, the slipform can be inclined, in which case the location and direction specifications must be transferred accordingly. Since the spacer is arranged entirely above the upper edge of the first slipform element, the spacer does not immerse itself in the concrete as it slides upwards, which is introduced into the filling space between the first and second slipform elements. This does not impede cleaning of the first slipform element. Since concrete adhesion in the area of ​​the spacer is avoided, a high quality of the concrete surface is ensured.Furthermore, the spacer can be reused. Furthermore, its integration into the slipform is facilitated. The spacer allows for a particularly reliable and precise spacing of the reinforcement, particularly horizontal reinforcement, preferably with horizontally extending reinforcing bars, from the inside of the first slipform element and thus from the concrete surface.

[0011] During the production of the concrete body, the first slipform element is continuously raised while the concrete is poured into the filling chamber and the reinforcement is installed. This allows a monolithic concrete body to be created without joints between superimposed concreting sections, as with climbing formwork. The slipform is in continuous motion from the time it is placed until the concrete hardens. The hardened sections are also continuously removed from the slipform (so-called "de-formwork"). An internal vibrator can be provided for concrete compaction.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the slipform comprises: the yoke with the yoke support, the first and a second yoke base, wherein the first and the second yoke base each project downwards from the yoke support, the first slipform element and a second slipform element for defining the filling space that can be filled with concrete, wherein the first slipform element is attached to the first yoke base and the second slipform element is attached to the second yoke base. In this embodiment, the filling space extends between the first and the second slipform element. Alternatively, the slipform can be designed as a single-sided slipform, i.e. without the opposite, second slipform element. The single-sided slipform can be used, for example, for shaft linings in tunnel construction, here as a single-sided inner formwork, or for the renovation of a chimney or a silo, here as a single-sided outer formwork.

[0013] The yoke with the first and second yoke base preferably forms a moment-resistant clamp which holds the first and second slipform elements in position.

[0014] In addition, a further spacer can be provided to space a reinforcement that can be arranged in the filling space from the inside of the second sliding formwork element. The further spacer on the second sliding formwork element is preferably designed identically to the spacer on the first sliding formwork element. Thus, all subsequent explanations of the spacer refer equally to the further spacer.

[0015] For the arrangement of the spacer, seen in the height direction, between the upper edge of the first sliding formwork element and the underside of the yoke support, it is advantageous if the spacer is mounted on the first yoke foot.

[0016] The spacer preferably has a spacer surface for contact with the reinforcement inside the filling space. The spacer surface preferably extends substantially in a vertical direction.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a first working platform is mounted on the first yoke base and / or a second working platform is mounted on the second yoke base of the yoke. The first working platform has a first, preferably horizontal, working surface. The second working platform has a second, also preferably horizontal, working surface. Preferably, the lower end of the spacer is arranged above the upper side of the first working platform, which can extend from the first yoke base to the rear, i.e. away from the filling space. Starting from this working platform, the reinforcement is provided in such a way that the reinforcement reaches the filling space as the sliding formwork slides continuously upwards.

[0018] For individual adaptation to the design of the concrete body, a height adjustment device is preferably provided for arranging the spacer in different height positions relative to the first slipform element.

[0019] With regard to a stable and secure design, the height adjustment device preferably has a first arrangement of mounting holes on the first yoke base and a second arrangement of mounting holes on the spacer. The desired height position can be set by aligning the first and second arrangements of mounting holes. The height adjustment device preferably has at least one connector, in particular a connecting bolt, for passing through aligned mounting holes. The connecting bolt can be threaded or smooth. Furthermore, a securing element can be provided for securing the connector to the mounting holes.

[0020] To ensure concrete cover of the reinforcement, the spacer, in a preferred embodiment, comprises a spacer part, in particular a longitudinal part extending in the vertical direction, preferably a tubular part, and a mounting part, in particular a mounting plate. The spacer part preferably has the spacer surface for contact with the reinforcement. The mounting part is preferably reversibly detachably connected to the first yoke base.

[0021] In order to be able to adjust different concrete covers of the reinforcement, a distance adjustment device is preferably provided for adjusting the spacer part relative to the mounting part in the direction perpendicular to the main extension plane of the first sliding formwork element.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the distance adjustment device comprises a telescopic arrangement connected to the mounting part and the spacer part. The telescopic arrangement comprises an inner part and an outer part, wherein the inner part is telescopic relative to the outer part.

[0023] In order to achieve an inlet slope for the sliding of the reinforcement when lifting the slipform, the spacer part is angled backwards at the upper end (i.e. towards the inside of the first slipform element) in a preferred embodiment.

[0024] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the spacer has a preferably substantially horizontal support for placing reinforcement to be installed. The support is preferably located above the first working surface of the first working platform. This significantly facilitates the installation of the reinforcement in the filling space. The workers can ergonomically grasp, lift, and install the reinforcement on the support.

[0025] The telescopic arrangement of the spacing adjustment device is preferably provided as a support for the reinforcements to be installed.

[0026] In the method according to the invention for producing a concrete body, at least the following steps are carried out: providing a sliding formwork in one of the embodiments described above, providing the reinforcement, filling concrete into the filling space while the yoke is lifted together with the first, preferably also with the second sliding formwork element, by means of the lifting device, and maintaining a distance between the reinforcement, in particular a horizontal reinforcement, i.e. a reinforcement running in the horizontal direction, and the inside of the first sliding formwork element with the spacer above the filling space.

[0027] The invention is further explained below using a preferred embodiment.

[0028] Fig. 1 shows a sliding formwork according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows the upper part of the sliding formwork according to Fig. 1 with a yoke to which two sliding formwork elements are attached.

[0029] Fig. 3 shows a yoke base of the sliding formwork according to Fig. 1, to which the spacer according to the invention for the concrete cover is attached.

[0030] Fig. 4 shows a detailed view of the yoke base in the area of ​​the spacer.

[0031] Fig. 1 shows a slipform device, hereinafter referred to as slipform 1, for producing a concrete body 1A, in particular a (vertical or vertically inclined) wall element. The slipform 1 has a yoke 2 with a yoke support 3, for example with two yoke plates, from which a first yoke base 4 and a second yoke base 5 project downwards, here essentially vertically. A first slipform element 6 with a first formwork panel 7 is mounted on the first yoke base 4. A second slipform element 8 with a second formwork panel 9 is mounted on the second yoke base 5. The first 6 and the second slipform element 8 are arranged at a lateral, here horizontal, distance from one another, so that a filling space 10 is formed between the inside of the first formwork panel 7 and the inside of the second formwork panel 9, which filling space 10 is filled with concrete for producing the concrete body.

[0032] The sliding formwork 1 also has a first working platform 11 and a second working platform 12, which are mounted on the first yoke base 4 and the second yoke base 5, respectively. The first 11 and the second working platform 12 extend at the same height on opposite sides of the filling space 10. In the embodiment shown, a first suspended platform 13 and a second suspended platform 14 are also provided. The first suspended platform 13 is suspended from the first yoke base 4 and the first working platform 11 via a first suspension device 15, here with a first suspension bracket. The second suspended platform 14 is suspended from the second yoke base 5 and the second working platform 12 via a second suspension device 16, here with a second suspension bracket. Furthermore, a first railing 17 can be provided on the first suspension device 15 and a second railing 18 on the second suspension device 16.Finally, safety elements 19, in this case safety nets and / or safety tarpaulins, may be provided. Furthermore, ladders 20 are provided for access to the first 13 and second suspended platforms 14, respectively.

[0033] The slipform 1 also has a lifting device 21, with which the yoke 2 is lifted together with the first 6 and the second slipform element 8, here in the vertical direction. In the embodiment shown, the lifting device 21 has, for example, a hydraulic lifting element 22 and a climbing rod 23, on which the yoke 2 climbs upwards when the lifting element 22 is actuated. (In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic lifting element 22 is supported on the climbing rod 23 via conical, toothed lifting jaws. The hydraulic lifting element 22 has upper and lower lifting jaws which grip alternately by transferring the load and allow the hydraulic lifting element 22 to perform a lifting movement along the climbing rod 23 with the corresponding piston stroke of, for example, approx. 2.5 centimeters (cm).) The climbing rod 23 is separated from the fresh concrete by a casing pipe 24.

[0034] Above the first 11 or second working platform 12, reinforcement (not visible in the drawing), here a grid of horizontal reinforcements 1B and vertical reinforcements IC, preferably made of metal, in particular steel, is installed in such a way that when the first 6 and second slipform element 8 are lifted, the reinforcements reach the filling space 10 which is filled with concrete. (The reinforcements 1B, IC are illustrated in Fig. 2. The reinforcements should be cast in at a predetermined distance from the concrete surface. For this purpose, a spacer 25 is provided which arranges the horizontal reinforcements 1B (shown as circular in cross-section in Fig. 2) at the desired distance from the inside of the first slipform element 6 (facing the concrete). Depending on the design, the horizontal reinforcement 1B can be attached to the vertical reinforcement IC.For example, the horizontal reinforcement bars IB can be connected to the vertical reinforcement bars IC by means of a wire, so-called tie wire. In this design, the reinforcement is guided as a unit with horizontal IB and vertical reinforcement bars IC. Furthermore, vertical guides (not shown) can be provided for vertical reinforcement.

[0035] The spacer 25 is arranged entirely above a horizontal upper edge 6A of the first slipform element 6. As a result, the spacer 25 does not penetrate into the filling space during concreting of the concrete body. The spacer 25 is mounted on the first yoke base 4.

[0036] Accordingly, a further spacer 26 is mounted on the second yoke base 5, which is identical to the spacer 25. The following explanations of the spacer 25 therefore equally refer to the further spacer 26.

[0037] Depending on the dimensions of the concrete body, several sliding formworks 1 are preferably arranged next to one another as described above.

[0038] As can be seen in detail from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the spacer 25 has a spacer part 27 which, in the embodiment shown, is formed by a longitudinal part extending in the vertical direction, in this case a tubular part. The spacer part 27 has a spacer surface, here vertical, on the front side which projects so far beyond the inside of the first slipform element 6, here in the horizontal direction, that the reinforcements are placed within the concrete body with the predetermined concrete cover when immersed in the filling space. In the embodiment shown, the spacer part 27 is angled backwards above the spacer surface.

[0039] The spacer part 27 also has a mounting part 28, in the embodiment shown a mounting plate, which is mounted on the first yoke foot 4.

[0040] In the embodiment shown, a height adjustment device 29 is provided, with which the spacer 25 can be arranged in different height positions relative to the first slipform element 6. The height adjustment device 29 has, for example, a first arrangement 30 of mounting holes on the first yoke base 4, a second arrangement 31 of mounting holes on the mounting part 28 of the first spacer 25 and connectors, here bolts 32, for connecting mounting holes of the first 30 and second arrangement 31 respectively. The first 30 and second arrangement 31 of mounting holes have the same hole pattern. In order to arrange the spacer part 25 in a different height position, the bolts 32 are loosened, the mounting part 28 is moved and the bolts 32 are inserted in the desired alignment of the first arrangement 30 to the second arrangement 31 of mounting holes.

[0041] As can be seen in detail from Fig. 4, a distance adjustment device 33 is also provided, with which the spacer part 27 can be adjusted further forwards or backwards relative to the mounting part 28 in order to adjust the extent to which the reinforcement is covered with concrete. For this purpose, the distance adjustment device 33 can have at least one length-adjustable telescopic arrangement 34 between the mounting part 28 and the spacer part 27. In the embodiment shown, two telescopic assemblies 34 are provided at a vertical distance. The telescopic arrangement 34 has an outer part 35 and an inner part 36. For the length adjustment, the inner part 36 is moved relative to the outer part 35. The outer part 35 and the inner part 36 also have securing holes 37 through which securing bolts 38 can be inserted.Furthermore, safety pins 39 can be provided with which the safety bolts 38 can be secured in the safety holes 37 against slipping out.

[0042] In the illustrated embodiment, the spacer 25 also has a horizontal support 40, which serves for supporting the reinforcement to be installed. In the illustrated embodiment, the support 40 is provided on the upper side of the telescopic assembly 34, which connects the mounting part 28 to the spacer part 27. Reference number list:

[0043] 1 slipform

[0044] 1A concrete body

[0045] 1B horizontal reinforcement bars

[0046] IC vertical reinforcement bars

[0047] 2 yokes

[0048] 3 yoke beams

[0049] 4 first yoke foot

[0050] 5 second yoke foot

[0051] 6 first slipform element

[0052] 7 first formwork panel

[0053] 8 second slipform element

[0054] 9 second formwork panel

[0055] 10 Filling chamber

[0056] 11 first work platform

[0057] 12 second work platform

[0058] 13 first suspended platform

[0059] 14 second suspended platform

[0060] 15 first suspension device

[0061] 16 second suspension device

[0062] 18 railings

[0063] 19 security elements

[0064] 21 Lifting device

[0065] 22 lifting elements

[0066] 23 climbing pole

[0067] 24 jacket pipe

[0068] 25 spacers

[0069] 26 additional spacers

[0070] 27 Spacer part

[0071] 28 Assembly part

[0072] 29 Height adjustment device

[0073] 30 first arrangement of mounting holes

[0074] 31 second arrangement of mounting holes

[0075] 32 bolts

[0076] 33 Distance adjustment device

[0077] 34 Telescopic arrangement

[0078] 35 outer part

[0079] 36 inside part

[0080] 37 securing holes securing bolts securing pins supports

Claims

Claims:

1. Slipform (1) for producing a concrete body, comprising: a yoke (2) with a yoke support (3) and a first yoke base (4), wherein the first yoke base (4) projects downwards from the yoke support (3), a first slipform element (6) for delimiting a filling space (10) that can be filled with concrete, wherein the first slipform element (6) is attached to the first yoke base (4), a lifting device (21) for lifting the yoke (2) together with the first slipform element (6), a spacer (25) for spacing reinforcement that can be arranged in the filling space (10) from the inside of the first slipform element (6), characterized in that the spacer (25) is arranged above the first slipform element (6) so that the spacer (25) does not project into the filling space (10) that can be filled with concrete.

2. Slipform (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (26) is mounted on the first yoke foot (4).

3. Slipform (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a height adjustment device (29) is provided for arranging the spacer (25) in different height positions relative to the first slipform element (6).

4. Slipform (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the height adjustment device (29) has a first arrangement (30) of mounting holes on the first yoke foot (4) and a second arrangement (31) of mounting holes on the spacer (25).

5. Slipform (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spacer (25) comprises a spacer part (27), in particular a longitudinal part extending in the vertical direction, preferably a tube part, and a mounting part (28), in particular a mounting plate.

6. Slipform (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that a spacer adjustment device (33) is provided for adjusting the spacer holder part (25) relative to the mounting part (28) in a direction perpendicular to the main extension plane of the first slipform element (6).

7. Slipform (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the distance adjustment device (33) has a telescopic arrangement (34) connected to the mounting part (28) and the spacer part (27).

8. Slipform (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the spacer part (27) is angled backwards at the upper end.

9. Slipform (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spacer (26) has a preferably substantially horizontal support (40) for placing reinforcements to be installed.

10. Slipform (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the telescopic arrangement (34) of the distance adjustment device (33) is provided as a support (40) for the reinforcements to be installed.

11. Method for producing a concrete body, comprising the steps: Provision of a slipform (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, Provision of reinforcement, Pouring concrete into the filling chamber (10) while the yoke (2) together with the first slipform element (6) is lifted by means of the lifting device (21), and Maintaining a distance between the reinforcement and the inside of the first slipform element (6) with the spacer (25) above the filling space (10) .

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