Motor having a rotary encoder, and support element for a motor having a rotary encoder

Abstract

The present invention relates to a motor (1) having at least one stator (2), at least one rotor (3) and at least one shaft (4), wherein at least one rotary encoder (5) is arranged on the motor (1), and wherein the shaft (4) is connected to the rotor (3). A motor (1) and a support element (11) for a motor (1), which ensure a compact design along with high precision of the rotary encoder (5) and simultaneously reduced outlay on manufacturing and assembly, are realized in that: at least one support element (11, 26) is arranged on at least one first axial end (10) of the motor (1); at least one sensor component (6) of the rotary encoder (5) lies at least in part against a side of the support element (11, 26) which faces away from the shaft (4) in the axial direction, in order to position the sensor component (6) in the axial direction relative to the shaft (4); and the support element (11, 26) has at least one lateral guidance means (12) in order to position the sensor component (6) interlockingly in the radial direction relative to the shaft (4).

Description

[0001] “Motor with rotary encoder and support element for a motor with rotary encoder”

[0002] The invention relates to a motor, in particular an electric motor. The motor has at least one stator and at least one rotor. The rotor is connected to a shaft. At least one rotary encoder is arranged on the motor.

[0003] Motors are available in a wide variety of state-of-the-art designs for a variety of applications. For many applications, particularly in medicine and industrial automation, information about the speed and angular position of a motor's rotor is crucial, for example, to detect angular changes in objects and determine their position. For this purpose, motors typically have rotary encoders, also called angle sensors, based on optical or magnetic measuring principles, for example.

[0004] The components of a rotary encoder require space on the motor, which in certain applications conflicts with the need for a compact motor design. Furthermore, to achieve the most precise detection possible, a very precise arrangement of the components of a rotary encoder is required, which places high demands on the manufacturing and assembly of the components.

[0005] State-of-the-art motors with rotary encoders already meet these combined requirements very well, but there is always a need for more compact designs with further increased precision.

[0006] The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a motor and a support element for a motor with which a compact design with high precision of the rotary encoder and at the same time reduced manufacturing and assembly costs can be realized.

[0007] The aforementioned object is achieved in a generic motor with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1, namely in that at least one support element is arranged at at least one first axial end of the motor. The support element is arranged in particular such that, in the axial direction along a longitudinal axis of the shaft of the motor, it has a side facing away from the shaft and a side facing the shaft. On the side of the support element facing away from the shaft, at least one sensor component of the rotary encoder rests against the support element with at least part of its surface, in particular with part of an end face of the sensor component oriented in the direction of the shaft. In particular, the sensor component is arranged on the support element in such a way that an end face of the sensor component is aligned substantially in an imaginary plane to which the longitudinal axis of the shaft is a plane normal.

[0008] The rotary encoder is also called an encoder or angle sensor and provides output signals that allow, for example, the speed and / or angular position of the motor to be determined. The rotary encoder is designed, for example, as an absolute encoder or an incremental encoder.

[0009] The support element is arranged on the motor in such a way that it has a fixed position relative to the shaft. By resting against the support element, the sensor component is advantageously positioned in the axial direction relative to the shaft. The positional tolerance in the axial direction is therefore very small and can, in particular, be considered essentially zero. Furthermore, the support element has at least one lateral guide means. The lateral guide means is formed on the support element, in particular, on the side axially facing away from the shaft. The lateral guide means positively positions the sensor component in the radial direction relative to the shaft. In "axial direction" means in a direction that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. In "radial direction" means in a direction that runs radially, i.e., in particular, essentially orthogonally, to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

[0010] The motor is designed, for example, as a DC motor, in particular with sliding contacts, or as a brushless DC motor, in particular with electronic commutation.

[0011] The sensor component is thus positioned relative to the shaft both in the axial direction and in the radial direction through, in particular, a positive-locking interaction with the support element. The lateral guide means encloses the sensor component over at least part of its circumference, so that it cannot move in either lateral direction. Preferably, the lateral guide means encloses the sensor component substantially over its entire circumference. The lateral guide means positions the sensor component against movement in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

[0012] The sensor component of the rotary encoder is, in particular, a component that, as a sensor or as part of a sensor, contributes to determining the rotational speed and / or angular position of the rotor. The sensor component is, for example, part of a magnetic rotary encoder or an optical rotary encoder.

[0013] In magnetic encoders, a multipole magnet is attached to the rotor shaft. As the shaft rotates, the change in the magnetic field is detected by Hall sensors, which can then be evaluated to determine the speed and / or angular position.

[0014] Optical encoders use a timing disk with a scale attached to the motor shaft. A distinction is made between reflective and transmissive optical encoders. With reflective optical encoders, an electromagnetic wave, particularly light from an LED, is reflected by reflective surfaces on the timing disk and captured by detectors, particularly photodetectors. With transmissive optical encoders, an electromagnetic wave, particularly light from an LED, passes through recesses in the timing disk and is captured by detectors, particularly photodetectors, on the other side of the timing disk.

[0015] The sensor component is preferably a chip of a magnetic rotary encoder with at least one Hall sensor, preferably a plurality of Hall sensors. For example, the chip with the Hall sensor(s) is substantially rectangular or square.

[0016] Alternatively, the sensor component is provided as a chip with components of a, in particular reflective, optical rotary encoder, preferably with at least one light-emitting diode, photodetectors, and the necessary electronics. The chip is preferably substantially rectangular or square.

[0017] The invention has the advantage over the prior art that the positional tolerances in the axial and radial directions can be minimized. In the radial direction, the remaining tolerance results solely from the position of the carrier element and amounts to only approximately 0.06 mm; in the axial direction, there is almost no positional tolerance. The tolerance chains in the axial and radial directions are reduced to a minimum. The sensor component itself has essentially no dimensional tolerance and can therefore be arranged as a leading component for positioning solely on the carrier element. The carrier element aligns the sensor component precisely with respect to the shaft, which in particular allows the overall length of the motor to be reduced and simplifies assembly, particularly shortening assembly time.Tolerances that result, for example, from a varying thickness of a circuit board, a varying thickness of the sensor component itself, or a varying thickness of a soldering point are advantageously minimized. According to a particularly preferred first embodiment of the motor, the sensor component is arranged on a circuit board, i.e., for example, soldered onto a circuit board. Because only the sensor component is guided on the carrier element for positioning, namely by the lateral guide means in the lateral direction and by the contact with the carrier element in the axial direction, the circuit board is also positioned by the positioning of the sensor component. The leading component for positioning is not the circuit board, but the sensor component arranged on the circuit board.The sensor component is in particular an encoder chip of a magnetic rotary encoder, advantageously with Hall sensors.

[0018] It is also preferably provided that at least one adapter part is provided, with which the distance to at least one lateral guide means can be bridged. The lateral guide means is configured for a specific size of a sensor component, in particular encoder chips. If a sensor component is smaller, an adapter part can be arranged between the sensor component and the lateral guide means to ensure radial alignment even for different sizes of sensor components. If the lateral guide means is configured for a sensor component size of 4 x 4 mm, for example, sensor components with a size of 3 x 3 mm or 2 x 2 mm can also be positioned with an adapter part.

[0019] This design has the advantage over the prior art that tolerances that arise during assembly of a sensor component on a circuit board, for example the thickness of a solder joint, are irrelevant during assembly, since the positioning of the sensor component with the circuit board on the motor is carried out exclusively on the basis of the position of the sensor component.

[0020] According to a further embodiment, it has also proven advantageous if the carrier element has at least one guide wall. The guide wall is preferably the part of the carrier element against which the sensor component rests at least partially, i.e. with part of its surface, in order to be axially positioned. The guide wall is preferably arranged such that it extends at least partially between the sensor component and the shaft or a magnet arranged on the shaft. The guide wall is preferably arranged such that it intersects the longitudinal axis of the motor shaft in its course. The guide wall is preferably arranged such that it extends in a plane to which the longitudinal axis of the shaft is a plane normal.

[0021] The guide wall is advantageously dimensioned such that it remains mechanically unchanged even under a force of up to 40 N, especially up to 45 N, so that the load does not affect the output signals provided by the encoder. The thickness of the guide wall is approximately equal to the distance between a magnet attached to the shaft and the guide wall, or smaller than the distance between the magnet attached to the shaft and the guide wall. This allows the axial length of the motor to be further reduced.

[0022] According to a further embodiment, the assembly of the motor can be simplified in particular by providing at least one receiving recess on the support element. The sensor component is at least partially arranged in the receiving recess, so that side walls of the receiving recess serve as lateral guidance means. In the assembled state, the sensor component rests against a guide wall, particularly formed at the base of the receiving recess. Particularly in the case of a sensor component that is attached to a printed circuit board, it has proven advantageous if the depth of the receiving recess corresponds only to a portion of the thickness of the sensor component, particularly a chip, so that free positioning of the circuit board is ensured and the sensor component advantageously rests against the guide wall formed in the receiving recess.The side walls of the receiving recess provide lateral guidance for the sensor component in all lateral directions, so that the receiving recess also aligns the sensor component radially relative to the shaft or magnet. For example, the receiving recess is provided with a substantially rectangular, in particular substantially square, basic shape. These basic shapes are particularly suitable for sensor components designed as encoder chips with Hall sensors.

[0023] The mounting recess is advantageously positioned on the motor such that it extends in the axial extension of the shaft, i.e., intersects the longitudinal axis of the shaft. Preferably, the mounting recess is arranged such that the longitudinal axis of the shaft runs essentially through the center of the mounting recess. This allows for advantageous positioning relative to a magnet attached to the shaft, particularly in the case of magnetic encoders.

[0024] The positioning of a sensor component, in particular an encoder chip with Hall sensors, can be simplified by providing, according to a further embodiment of the motor, that the receiving recess has at least one circumferential cutout in the transition areas between the side walls and the guide wall. This enables advantageous axial positioning of the sensor component on the guide wall of the receiving recess. In particular, manufacturing-related radii in this transition area are recessed in such a way that they have no effect on the positioning of the sensor component.

[0025] For example, it is provided that the recess is designed such that a shoulder, in particular a circular shoulder, is formed on the guide wall, on which the sensor component rests.

[0026] Alternatively or additionally, the receiving recess has at least one corner cutout, in particular a corner cutout with a radius, in at least one corner region between two side walls. Preferably, at least one corner cutout, in particular with a radius, is formed in all four corner regions between two side walls. The corner cutout also ensures that manufacturing-related radii on the support element have no influence on the positioning of the sensor component in the receiving recess. This design ensures that the sensor component can rest very precisely against the guide wall.

[0027] A further embodiment of the motor provides that the guide wall has at least one or exactly one through-opening. The through-opening passes completely through the guide wall. It is preferably provided that at least or exactly two or at least or exactly three or at least or exactly four through-openings are formed in the guide wall. At least one through-opening or at least one of the through-openings preferably serves to allow the passage of electromagnetic waves, in particular light, from a component of an optical rotary encoder, for example a light-emitting diode, and / or the passage of reflected electromagnetic waves, in particular light. For example, a component of an optical encoder is arranged on at least one through-opening in such a way that an optical focus is positioned centrally in the through-opening.Preferably, at least two through-openings, preferably all through-openings, have a truncated cone-shaped cross-section. The truncated cone-shaped cross-section is arranged such that the larger diameter of the truncated cone is oriented toward the shaft. The through-openings preferably have a circular shape. This applies in particular to truncated cone-shaped cross-sections, which advantageously have a circular shape at every point along their length.

[0028] A further embodiment of the motor provides that the sensor component is materially connected to the carrier element. Preferably, the sensor component is materially fastened in the receiving recess. In particular, the sensor component is materially fastened to the guide wall. Advantageously, the sensor component is fastened to the carrier element by means of an adhesive cured under UV light. Preferably, the carrier element, in particular the guide wall, has at least one through-opening. The through-openings can be used to introduce the adhesive, which is distributed between the sensor component and the carrier element by the capillary effect. In particular, the through-opening is at least partially filled with a cured adhesive. Preferably, at least two through-openings are provided, and both are at least partially filled with cured adhesive.

[0029] In this embodiment, it is advantageous if the through-holes have a truncated cone-shaped cross-section that opens toward the shaft. The through-holes can be used to introduce adhesive and can be partially filled with it. The cross-section, which increases due to the truncated cone shape, prevents the adhesive from protruding on the side of the magnet or shaft, particularly due to the capillary effect. This prevents any excess adhesive from coming into contact with the shaft or a magnet holder, for example.

[0030] When attaching the sensor component with an adhesive, it has proven particularly advantageous if, according to a further embodiment, the adhesive contacts at least approximately half, preferably at least approximately two-thirds, of a surface of the sensor component, in particular a surface oriented in the direction of the shaft. For example, at least half, preferably at least approximately two-thirds, of the contact surface between a sensor component, for example, an encoder chip with Hall sensors, and a guide wall is covered with adhesive.

[0031] Fixing the sensor component to the carrier element, particularly using an adhesive cured under UV light, has the advantage that, after fixing, programming contacts on the sensor component, particularly on a circuit board connected to the sensor component, are accessible for programming the sensor component for use. Contacting is preferably made using pin contacts. Only then is the connection, for example, of a ribbon cable, made to the sensor component or to the circuit board connected to the sensor component.

[0032] A further embodiment provides that the rotary encoder has at least one holding element connected to the shaft. The holding element is designed, for example, to hold a magnet for a magnetic rotary encoder and / or to hold a coding wheel for an optical rotary encoder. Advantageously, the holding element is designed such that the holding element serves or can serve as a magnet holder, particularly in a first mounting orientation, and serves or can serve as a coding wheel holder, particularly in a second mounting orientation.

[0033] Depending on the orientation in which the holding element is attached to the shaft, it is either a magnetic holder or a coding wheel holder. For this purpose, for example, a first end of the holding element is designed to accommodate at least one magnet, while a second end of the holding element is designed to attach a coding wheel for an optical encoder. This design has the advantage that only a single component is required to mount the components for a magnetic encoder or an optical encoder on a motor, in particular on its shaft.

[0034] The holding element has, for example, a substantially sleeve-shaped base body which has a central recess. The central recess is dimensioned such that the holding element can be pushed onto the shaft with the central recess and fastened to the shaft. A front-side projection is formed on a first end side, onto which a coding wheel can be fastened. The length of the projection corresponds, for example, to approximately 1.5 times the thickness of the coding wheel. At a second end side, the base body has, in particular, a front-side magnet receiving space which locally expands the diameter of the central recess to accommodate a magnet. A magnet can be fastened in the magnet receiving space. This dual function of the holding element allows the number of required components to be reduced, thereby simplifying production.

[0035] Preferably, the retaining element is configured and secured to the shaft in such a way that the retaining element defines an axial position of at least one shaft bearing relative to the shaft. This eliminates the need for separate axial fixation of the shaft bearing, allowing the overall length to be reduced. It is also provided that, in a first mounting orientation, the retaining element serves or can serve as a magnet holder and serves or can serve as a coding wheel holder.

[0036] It is particularly preferably provided that the rotary encoder is designed as a magnetic rotary encoder. According to this embodiment, at least one magnet is connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner by means of at least one holding element, in particular a magnet holder or a holding element functioning as a magnet holder. The holding element, in particular the magnet holder, is preferably designed such that the shaft is at least partially inserted into the holding element, in particular the magnet holder, or the holding element, in particular the magnet holder, is plugged onto the shaft. Furthermore, the holding element, in particular the magnet holder, has a magnet receiving space to receive the magnet. The magnet is fixed in the magnet receiving space. The carrier element is preferably designed such that at least part of the holding element or the magnet holder, in particular at least part of the holding element orMagnet holder, in which the magnet is arranged, is circumferentially surrounded by the carrier element.

[0037] A further embodiment of the motor provides that the magnet holder is designed and arranged on the shaft in such a way that the magnet holder defines the axial position of at least one shaft bearing relative to the shaft. The magnet holder is, for example, pressed onto the shaft. Because the magnet holder is constructed so stably and is attached to the shaft that the shaft can be positioned using the magnet holder, an additional ring for positioning the shaft can be dispensed with. This allows the length of the motor to be further reduced, which has a beneficial effect on the required installation space.

[0038] According to a further embodiment of the motor, it is advantageous that the motor has at least one housing, and that the housing of the motor is constructed in several parts. The housing preferably has at least one base element, which is made of metal, for example. The rotor and the stator are preferably arranged within the base element. Furthermore, the shaft is mounted within the base element. The shaft preferably protrudes from the base element of the housing on both sides, on one side in order to be connected for the intended use of the motor, and on the other side in order to interact with the rotary encoder. The base element is, for example, bell-shaped and is closed at the first end with a support element. At least one shaft bearing for the shaft is preferably arranged on the support element.

[0039] The support element, in which the sensor component is positioned and fixed, is advantageously arranged on the first end side of the housing. Advantageously, the support element is covered with an end cap. The end cap preferably provides an entry point for a ribbon cable to connect the sensor component, for example, an encoder chip on a circuit board, to signal contacts.

[0040] In particular, to ensure the possibility of using a uniform support element with a multitude of different motors or motors with different housings, a further embodiment advantageously provides for at least one adapter element to be arranged between the base element and the support element. The adapter element can be connected to or is connected to both the base element and the support element and serves to adapt the support element for use with the base element of the motor. Preferably, a multitude of different adapter elements are provided for different motors with base elements. Advantageously, the adapter element has at least one recess for routing the cables for the motor connection contacts.Preferably, the carrier element and the adapter element have coding means corresponding to one another in order to determine the joining of the adapter element and the carrier element in only one orientation.

[0041] Preferably, it is provided that the carrier element is at least partially inserted into the adapter element. According to a further embodiment, it is therefore advantageously provided that the carrier element has at least one clamping projection on at least one circumference with which it is inserted into the adapter element or into the base element of the motor. Preferably, a plurality of clamping projections are provided. The clamping projections are preferably arranged evenly distributed over the circumference. The clamping projections deform when the carrier element and the adapter element are joined together and serve both to position and to fix the carrier element in the adapter element or in the base element. Preferably, a press fit is formed between the adapter element and the carrier element.

[0042] A further embodiment provides that at least the support element has at least one cable recess, so that at least two cables can be routed parallel to a longitudinal axis of the motor. The cable recess is preferably designed such that the cables routed in the cable recess do not protrude beyond the contour of the motor in the radial direction, but are nevertheless routed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the motor. As a result, the motor housing has an advantageous, constant diameter over its entire length.

[0043] Preferably, at least four lines are arranged or can be arranged in the line recess and can be guided parallel to the longitudinal axis. The line recess is preferably designed such that the lines can be arranged both radially and axially. For this purpose, the line recess is designed to be open in the radial direction, for example. Depending on the application requirements, the lines can be guided axially aligned or radially protruding. The line recess is preferably designed to at least partially follow the circular shape of the motor. The line recess is preferably designed and arranged such that the lines guided in the line recess are guided parallel to a ribbon cable for the rotary encoder. Four lines for the motor are required, for example, for stepper motors.For example, the support element has at least one projection, with the cable recess being at least partially guided within the projection. An end cap, for example, can be arranged on the projection. This ensures that the cables are routed past the end cap and the diameter of the housing is not increased.

[0044] It is further provided, in particular, that the base element of the motor housing has a first outer diameter. The carrier element has, in particular, a second outer diameter, and the end cap has, in particular, a third outer diameter. Preferably, the second outer diameter and the third outer diameter are approximately the same. Furthermore, it is provided, for example, that the second outer diameter and the third outer diameter are smaller than or equal to the first outer diameter. The outer diameter of the carrier element and the outer diameter of the end cap preferably do not protrude beyond the outer diameter of the base element of the motor in the radial direction. A diameter or a height and a width or a diagonal of a sensor component, in particular of an encoder chip, is advantageously smaller than the diameter of the motor, in particular of the base element of the motor.

[0045] The invention further relates to a carrier element as part of a housing for a motor, in particular according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above. The carrier element preferably has at least one receiving recess, wherein the receiving recess is designed to at least partially receive a sensor component of a rotary encoder arranged on a printed circuit board. The receiving recess is preferably designed to receive an encoder chip of a rotary encoder with Hall sensors arranged on a printed circuit board. The receiving recess preferably has a substantially square cross-section. Further embodiments of the carrier element emerge from the exemplary embodiments described above, to which reference is made here.

[0046] Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a carrier element, in particular according to one of the described embodiments, as part of a motor housing for positioning a sensor component, in particular an encoder chip of a magnetic rotary encoder arranged on a printed circuit board, in the axial and radial directions relative to a shaft of the motor, in particular to a magnet arranged on the shaft. The carrier element has at least one receiving recess, wherein the receiving recess is designed to at least partially receive a sensor component of a rotary encoder arranged on a printed circuit board. Furthermore, the carrier element has at least one guide wall for supporting the sensor component.

[0047] The invention further relates to a holding element for a rotary encoder, wherein the holding element can be fastened to a shaft of a motor. The holding element is designed such that, in a first mounting orientation, it serves or can serve as a magnet holder for at least one magnet and, in a second mounting orientation, serves or can serve as a coding wheel holder. Depending on the orientation in which the holding element is fastened to the shaft, it is therefore either a magnet holder or a coding wheel holder. For this purpose, for example, a first end side of the holding element is designed to receive at least one magnet, wherein a second end side of the holding element is designed to fasten a coding wheel for an optical rotary encoder.This design has the advantage that only a single component is required to mount the components for a magnetic encoder or for an optical encoder on a motor, in particular on its shaft.

[0048] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the following description of the figures and the dependent subclaims.

[0049] They show:

[0050] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an engine,

[0051] Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the engine according to the embodiment of Fig. 1,

[0052] Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of a motor,

[0053] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a support element,

[0054] Fig. 5 is a second perspective view of the embodiment according to Fig. 4,

[0055] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a support element,

[0056] Fig. 7 shows a section through an embodiment of a holding element,

[0057] Fig. 8 shows a section through an embodiment of a holding element, and

[0058] Fig. 9 shows a rear view of an exemplary embodiment of a motor. In the various figures of the drawing, identical parts are always provided with the same reference numerals.

[0059] With regard to the following description, it is claimed that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and not to all or several features of described combinations of features, but rather each individual partial feature of the / each exemplary embodiment is also important for the subject matter of the invention, even independently of all other partial features described in connection therewith, and also in combination with any features of another exemplary embodiment.

[0060] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a motor 1 in a perspective view. Fig. 2 shows the embodiment according to Fig. 1 in a sectional view in a plane that includes the longitudinal axis L of the shaft 4. The motor 1 has a stator 2 and, in this case, an external rotor 3. The rotor 3 is connected to a shaft 4. The motor 1 has at least one rotary encoder 5, which in this embodiment is designed as a magnetic rotary encoder. The rotary encoder 5 has a sensor component 6, which is arranged on a circuit board 7, and a magnet 8, which is fastened to the shaft 4 with a magnet holder 9a.

[0061] According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a support element 11 is arranged at a first axial end 10 of the motor 1. The sensor component 6 of the rotary encoder 5 rests on a side of the support element 11 facing away from the shaft 4 in the axial direction. The sensor component 6 of the rotary encoder 5 is thereby positioned in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis L relative to the shaft 4, in particular relative to the magnet 8. The support element 11 has a lateral guide means 12 in order to position the sensor component 6 in the radial direction to the longitudinal axis L. In particular, the sensor component 6 is positioned in an imaginary plane to which the longitudinal axis L is a plane normal. The support element 11 has a guide wall 13 which is arranged between the sensor component 6 and the magnet 8 and against which the sensor component 6 rests. According to the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig.2, the motor 1 has a thread 15 at its second axial end 14 opposite the first axial end 10 in order to fix the motor 1. The shaft 4 can be contacted at the second axial end 14 for an application. According to Fig. 2, the shaft 4 is mounted by a first shaft bearing 16 and a second shaft bearing 17. The magnet holder 9a in this exemplary embodiment is designed such that it positions the shaft 4 relative to the first shaft bearing 16. This eliminates the need for an additional component for fixing the shaft 4 to the first shaft bearing 16, whereby the overall length of the motor 1 can be shortened. A base element 26a of the housing 26 of the motor 1 is essentially bell-shaped and is closed at the first end 10 of the motor 1 with a support element 36. The first shaft bearing 16 is arranged in the support element 36.

[0062] Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show a first embodiment of a carrier element 11 with a sensor component 6 with a printed circuit board 7 arranged thereon. Fig. 6 shows the embodiment of a carrier element 11 according to Figs. 4 and 5 without the sensor component 6 with a printed circuit board 7. The carrier element 11 has, according to Figs. 2 and 6, a receiving recess 18 which has circumferentially arranged side walls 19. The side walls 19 serve as lateral guide means 12 for an insertable sensor component 6 and thus serve for the radial positioning of the sensor component 6. The receiving recess 18 has a substantially square basic shape.

[0063] In transition areas 20 between side walls 19 and the guide wall 13, a recess 21 is formed circumferentially, which allows a sensor component 6 to advantageously rest against the guide wall 13. The recess 21 results in a shoulder 24 being formed centrally in the receiving recess 18, against which the sensor component 6 rests. Furthermore, in all corner areas between each two side walls 19, a corner recess 22 is formed, which has a radius and allows for easier insertion of a sensor component 6 into the receiving recess 18. The guide wall 13 of the support element 11 has, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 6, three through-openings 23, which, as shown in Fig. 2, have a frustoconical cross-section. The larger diameter of the frustoconical cross-section extends in the direction of the shaft 4 as shown in Fig. 2.A UV-curable adhesive can be introduced through the through-openings 23 into a sensor component 6 arranged in the receiving recess 18 in order to bond the sensor component 6 to the guide wall 13. The truncated conical cross-section of the through-openings 23 prevents adhesive from protruding from the guide wall 13 in the direction of the magnet 8. The through-openings 23 are at least partially filled with adhesive in the assembled state.

[0064] Figs. 4 and 5 show the carrier element 11 with the sensor component 6 fixed thereto and the printed circuit board 7 arranged on the sensor component 6. The printed circuit board 7 itself has no contact with the carrier element 11, so that the position of the sensor component 6 with the printed circuit board 7 relative to the carrier element 11 is determined exclusively by the accommodation of the sensor component 6 in the accommodation recess 18. The sensor component 6 is therefore the "leading" component during positioning. When the carrier element 11 is arranged in the motor 1, this results in very precise radial and axial positioning of the sensor component 6 relative to the shaft 4, in particular relative to the magnet 8 attached to the shaft 4.

[0065] Compared to the solutions known from the prior art, in which positioning is carried out based on the circuit board, the present invention has the advantage that tolerances resulting from the positioning of the sensor component 6 on the circuit board 7 have no influence on the accuracy of the rotary encoder 5.

[0066] In the fixed state according to Fig. 5, programming contacts 25 for the sensor component 6 are accessible on the circuit board 7, so that the sensor component 6 can be programmed for use. Only subsequently is a ribbon cable 27, shown as an example in Fig. 3, connected to the signal contacts 35 of the circuit board 7.

[0067] According to Figs. 4, 5, and 6, the support element 11 has a projection 37. In the region of the projection 37, the support element 11 has a greater length parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the motor 1—see Fig. 2. Furthermore, the support element 11 has a line recess 8, in which, in this exemplary embodiment, up to four lines, for example, the connecting lines 32, can be arranged. The line recess 38 is designed such that the lines arranged therein do not protrude in the radial direction. The shape of the line recess 38 essentially follows the circular contour of the housing 26.

[0068] The carrier element 11 also advantageously has at least two or at least three recesses 46. The recesses 46 are provided for accommodating additional components arranged on a circuit board 7 so that these components do not prevent positioning using the sensor component 6.

[0069] Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a motor 1 in a perspective exploded view. As with the embodiment of Fig. 1, the motor 1 according to Fig. 3 has a housing 26 which is designed in several parts. The housing 26 has a base element 26a, the carrier element 11 and an end cap 26b with which the sensor component 6, the circuit board 7 and also the contacts of the ribbon cable 27 are covered after the sensor component 6 has been fixed to the carrier element 11. The carrier element 11 has a line recess 38 which runs at least partially in an axial projection 37. In the assembled state, the connecting lines 32 are arranged in the line recess 38 so that the connecting lines 32 run parallel to the longitudinal axis L and do not protrude in the radial direction. The connecting lines 32 then run parallel to the ribbon cable 27. According to Fig.3, a holding element 9 is provided, which in this embodiment is arranged such that it fulfills the function of a magnet holder 9a. Further details regarding such a holding element 9 are described in relation to Fig. 7.

[0070] Furthermore, in the embodiments of Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, an adapter element 26c is provided between the carrier element 11 and the base element 26a. The carrier element 11 is preferably a uniform component for all motors 1, which can be coupled to the base element 26a via the adapter element 26c. The adapter element 26c is firmly connected to the base element 26a or to a support element 36 of the base element 26a (see Fig. 2). The carrier element 11 is at least partially inserted into the adapter element 26c for assembly. To fix the position, a plurality of clamping projections 29 are provided on an outer first circumference 28 of the carrier element 11, which clamp projections 29 deform when joined to the adapter element 26c and thereby fasten the carrier element 11 to the adapter element 26c.

[0071] Furthermore, the carrier element 11 has a coding means 30, which is designed as a coding projection and can interact with a coding means 31, which is designed as a coding recess and on the adapter element 26c. This allows only a single orientation of the carrier element 11 relative to the adapter element 26c during assembly. The end cap 26b is pushed onto a second circumference 33 of the carrier element 11. In order to fix the end cap 26b on the second circumference 33, a plurality of clamping projections 34 are arranged on the second circumference 33, which clamp projections deform when pushed on. The base element 26a, the adapter element 26c, the carrier element 11 and the end cap 26b together form the housing 26 for the motor 1 with rotary encoder 5. The connecting line 32 for supplying voltage to the motor contacts is inserted between the adapter element 26c and the carrier element 11. The connecting lines 32 are led away in the radial direction as shown in Fig. 1.Alternatively, they could also be guided in the cable recess 38 in the support element 11 parallel to the longitudinal axis L. When the connecting cables 32 are arranged in the cable recess 38, they run parallel to the ribbon cable 27 for connecting the rotary encoder 5. The cable recess 38 advantageously runs at least partially in an axial projection 37 of the support element 11.

[0072] Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 each show a section through an embodiment of a holding element 9 for attachment to the shaft 4 of a motor 1, e.g. according to Fig. 1. The holding element 9 is designed such that it serves both, in particular in a first mounting orientation, as a magnet holder 9a for a magnetic rotary encoder and, in particular in a second mounting orientation, as a coding wheel holder 9b for an optical rotary encoder. Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a holding element 9 with a mounted magnet 8, Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of a holding element 9 with a coding wheel 39 for an optical rotary encoder. Depending on the use, only the magnet 8 or only the coding wheel 39 is mounted. If the holding element 9 is mounted, for example, with a first end side 40 facing forward at one end of the shaft 4 - first mounting orientation - the holding element 9 fulfills the function of a magnet holder 9a.If the holding element 9 is mounted with a second end side 41 facing forward at one end of the shaft 4 - second mounting orientation -, the holding element 9 fulfills the function of a coding wheel holder 39. Alternatively, however, it is also provided that the holding element fulfills either the function as a coding wheel holder 39 or the function of the magnet holder 9a only in a first mounting orientation.

[0073] The holding element 9 according to the embodiments of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 has a, in particular substantially sleeve-shaped, base body 42 which has a central recess 43. The central recess 43 is dimensioned such that the holding element 9 can be pushed onto the shaft 4 with the central recess 43. On the first end 40, a front-side projection 44 is formed, to which a coding wheel 39 can be fastened. The length of the projection 44 corresponds, for example, to approximately 1 to 2 times, in particular 1.5 times, the thickness of the coding wheel 39. On the second end 41, the base body 42 has a front-side magnet receiving space 45 which locally expands the diameter of the central recess 43 to accommodate a magnet 8. This dual function of the holding element 9 allows the number of required components to be reduced, thereby simplifying production.The magnet receiving space 45 is dimensioned such that it can accommodate the magnet 8 at least partially, in particular completely.

[0074] Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a motor 1, e.g. according to Fig. 1, in a rear view. In this embodiment, the base element 26a of the housing 26 of the motor 1 has the largest diameter. The diameter of the carrier element 11 and the diameter of the end cap 26b of the housing are smaller than the diameter of the base element 26a and approximately the same size. The diameter of the carrier element 11 and the diameter of the end cap 26b therefore do not protrude radially beyond the diameter of the base element 26a of the motor 1. The ribbon cable 27 for connecting the sensor component 6, e.g. an encoder chip, is guided above the projection 37 of the carrier element 11.

[0075] The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but also encompasses all equivalent embodiments within the meaning of the invention. It is expressly emphasized that the embodiments are not limited to all features in combination; rather, each individual feature can also have an inventive significance in isolation from all other features. Furthermore, the invention is not yet limited to the combination of features defined in claim 1, but can also be defined by any other combination of specific features of all the individual features disclosed overall. This means that, in principle, practically every individual feature of claim 1 can be omitted or replaced by at least one individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application.

[0076] 1 engine

[0077] 2 Stator

[0078] 3 Rotor

[0079] 4th wave

[0080] 5 rotary encoders

[0081] 6 Sensor component

[0082] 7 Circuit board

[0083] 8 Magnet

[0084] 9 Holding element

[0085] 9a Magnetic holder

[0086] 9b Coder wheel holder

[0087] 10 First engine end

[0088] 11 Support element

[0089] 12 lateral guidance devices

[0090] 13 Guide wall

[0091] 14 Second engine end

[0092] 15 threads

[0093] 16 First shaft bearing

[0094] 17 Second shaft bearing

[0095] 18 Recording recess

[0096] 19 Side wall

[0097] 20 Transition area

[0098] 21 Recess

[0099] 22 Corner recess

[0100] 23 Passage opening

[0101] 24 Central paragraph

[0102] 25 programming contact

[0103] 26 housings

[0104] 26a Basic element

[0105] 26b End cap 6c Adapter element 7 Ribbon cable 8 First circumference of 11 9 Clamping projection 0 Coding projection 1 Coding recess 2 Connecting cable 3 Second circumference of 11 4 Clamping projection 5 Signal contact 6 Support element 7 Projection 8 Cable recess

[0106] 39 Coding wheel 0 First end side 1 Second end side 2 Base body

[0107] 43 Central recess

[0108] 44 lead

[0109] 45 Magnet receiving space

[0110] L Longitudinal axis of the shaft 4

Claims

Claims 1. Motor (1) with at least one stator (2), at least one rotor (3) and at least one shaft (4), wherein at least one rotary encoder (5) is arranged on the motor (1), and wherein the shaft (4) is connected to the rotor (3), characterized in that at least one support element (11, 26) is arranged on at least one first axial end (10) of the motor (1), that at least one sensor component (6) of the rotary encoder (5) bears at least partially against a side of the support element (11, 26) facing away from the shaft (4) in the axial direction in order to position the sensor component (6) in the axial direction relative to the shaft (4), and that the support element (11, 26) has at least one lateral guide means (12) in order to position the sensor component (6) in a form-fitting manner in the radial direction with respect to the shaft (4).

2. Motor (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor component (6) is arranged on a printed circuit board (7), and that the printed circuit board (7) is positioned by the positioning of the sensor component (6).

3. Motor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier element (11, 26) has at least one guide wall (13), that the sensor component (6) bears at least partially against the guide wall (13), and that the guide wall (13) extends in a plane to which the longitudinal axis (L) of the shaft (4) is a plane normal, advantageously that the guide wall (13) has a shoulder (24) for the bearing of the sensor component (6).

4. Motor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one receiving recess (18) is formed on the carrier element (11, 26), that the sensor component (6) is at least partially arranged in the receiving recess (18), so that side walls (19) of the receiving recess (18) serve as lateral guide means (12) and the sensor component (6) rests against a guide wall (13) formed in the receiving recess (18), in particular that the receiving recess (18) has a substantially rectangular basic shape.

5. Motor (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the receiving recess (18) is formed in axial extension of the shaft (4), in particular that the longitudinal axis (L) of the shaft (4) runs through a center of the receiving recess (18).

6. Motor (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the receiving recess (18) has at least one circumferential recess (21) at least in the transition regions (20) between the side walls (19) and the guide wall (13), in particular that a, in particular circular, shoulder (24) is formed by the recess (21), and / or that the receiving recess (18) has at least one corner recess (22), in particular with a radius, in at least one corner region between two side walls (19).

7. Motor (1) according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the guide wall (13) has at least or exactly one, at least or exactly two or at least or exactly three through-openings (23), in particular that the at least one through-opening (23) has a truncated cone-like cross-section, in particular that the larger diameter of the truncated cone is oriented in the direction of the shaft (4).

8. Motor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sensor component (6) is fastened to the carrier element (11, 26) in a materially bonded manner, in particular by means of an adhesive cured under UV light, advantageously in that the carrier element (11, 26) has at least one through-opening (23), and in that the through-opening (23) is at least partially filled with a cured adhesive.

9. Motor (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the adhesive contacts at least approximately half, preferably at least approximately 2 / 3, of a surface of the sensor component (6), in particular a surface of the sensor component (6) oriented in the direction of the shaft (4).

10. Motor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotary encoder (5) has at least one holding element (9) connected to the shaft (4), in particular that the holding element (9) is designed such that it can serve as a magnet holder, preferably in a first mounting orientation, and can serve as a coding wheel carrier, preferably in a second mounting orientation, preferably that the holding element (9) is designed and fastened to the shaft (4) in such a way that the holding element defines an axial position of at least one shaft bearing (16) relative to the shaft (4).

11. Motor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the rotary encoder (5) is designed as a magnetic rotary encoder (5), and that at least one magnet (8) is connected to the shaft (4) by means of at least one holding element (9), in particular a magnet holder (9a), in particular that the magnet (8) is arranged at least partially in the carrier element (11, 26).

12. Motor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one housing (26) is present, that the housing (26) is designed in several parts, and that the housing (26) has at least one base element (26a) and at least the carrier element (11), preferably that at least one end cap (26b) is arranged on the carrier element (11).

13. Motor (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one adapter element (26c) is arranged between the base element (26a) and the carrier element (11), and in that the adapter element (26c) connects the carrier element (11) to the base element (26a).

14. Motor (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the carrier element (11) has at least one clamping projection (29) at least on a first outer circumference (28) and / or that at least the carrier element (11) has at least one line recess (38), so that at least two lines, in particular at least four lines, can be guided parallel to a longitudinal axis (L) of the motor (1).

15. Support element (1) as part of a housing (26) for a motor (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 14, comprising at least one receiving recess (18), wherein the receiving recess (18) is designed to at least partially receive a sensor component (6) of a rotary encoder (5) arranged on a printed circuit board (7).

16. Use of a carrier element (11, 26) with at least one receiving recess (18), wherein the receiving recess (18) is designed to at least partially receive a sensor component (6) of a rotary encoder (5) arranged on a printed circuit board (7) and has a guide wall (13) for the support of the sensor component (6), as part of a housing (26) of a motor (1), in order to position the sensor component (6) in the axial and radial direction relative to a shaft (4) of the motor (1).

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