Press pad having a woven fabric, and hot press

Abstract

The invention relates to a press pad (4) having a woven fabric with threads (33) of a first thread system and threads (32) of a second thread system which extend perpendicularly to the threads (33) of the first thread system, wherein the threads (33) of the first thread system and the threads (32) of the second thread system are interwoven such that a weave is formed, wherein at least some of the threads (33) of at least one of the two thread systems at least partly contain an elastomer material, or consist thereof, and wherein at least some of the threads (32) of at least the other of the two thread systems contain metal (36) or consist of metal. According to the invention, the stability and service life are increased as a result of reduced metal-thread wear because both surfaces of the press pad (4) that come into contact with a press platen (5) or a with a heating plate (2) due to the action of a contact pressure on the press pad (4) during the pressing operation are formed exclusively of a non-metal material.

Description

[0001] Press pad with a fabric and heating press

[0002] Description

[0003] Introduction

[0004] The invention relates to a press pad with a fabric having threads of a first thread system and threads of a second thread system running perpendicular to the threads of the first thread system, wherein the threads of the first thread system and the threads of the second thread system are woven together to form a bond, wherein at least some of the threads of at least one of the two thread systems at least partially contain or consist of an elastomer material, and wherein at least some of the threads of at least the other of the two thread systems contain a metal component or consist of metal.

[0005] Furthermore, the invention relates to a heating press with at least two heating plates, at least two pressing plates and at least two pressing pads each arranged between a heating plate and a pressing plate for uniform pressure distribution of the pressing pressure over a base area of ​​the heating press, wherein during a pressing process, as the heating plates move towards each other, a material to be pressed located between the pressing plates is compressed and the pressing pads are also compressed, wherein the pressing pad comprises a fabric with threads of a first thread system and threads of a second thread system running perpendicular to the threads of the first thread system, wherein the threads of the first thread system and the threads of the second thread system are woven together to form a weave,and wherein at least a portion of the threads of at least one of the two thread systems at least partially contains or consists of an elastomer material and at least a portion of the threads of at least the other of the two thread systems contains a metal portion or consists of metal.,

[0006] Heating presses of the type in question, also known as press systems, are used to apply a wide variety of coatings to wood-based or plastic panels. For example, particleboard is coated with thermosetting resins, or HDF panels are coated with other coatings. Such heating presses are also used to produce decorative high-pressure laminates.

[0007] The press pads of interest in the context of this application and used in such heating presses are located between a heating plate of the heating press and a so-called press plate in contact with the surface to be coated, which is typically provided with a specific geometric structure on its side facing the body to be coated (pressed material). The press pads have the basic task of distributing the pressing pressure evenly across the entire plate cross-section onto the pressed material. This requirement is based in particular on unavoidable dimensional tolerances in the press system on the one hand and in the pressed body to be coated on the other. Therefore, the press pads must be able to deform elastically, but at the same time recover after each pressing process and return to their original geometric shape.In addition, the press pad is responsible for conducting the heat introduced from the heating plate into the material being pressed as effectively as possible, i.e., quickly and without heat loss. Finally, the materials used in a press pad must be temperature-resistant up to 250°C, sometimes even higher, since such high temperatures are necessary to achieve sufficiently good hard flow or a complete polymerization reaction in the coating being formed.

[0008] Nevertheless, the requirements placed on press pads vary greatly depending on the type and operating mode of the heating press, as well as the type of coating to be applied in combination with the wood-based or plastic panel to be coated. The specific pressing pressure and pressing time, as well as the maximum achievable pressing temperature, play a key role and significantly determine which fabric types and materials can be used for the press pads. For example, different types of press pads are used for coating particleboard with thermosetting resins (e.g., decorative melamine resin films) than for coating HDF boards or producing decorative high-pressure laminates.When coating particleboard with high-gloss surfaces, press pads with slow heat transfer and high cushioning effect are required to better control the resin flow during the pressing process and achieve a uniform resin surface. Such coating processes usually do not achieve particularly high pressing pressures, which is why press pads with a high fiber content and, however, a low proportion of metal threads are used.

[0009] On the other hand, for the formation of thermoset resin layers on HDF boards with a very high density of 800 kg / m 3 up to 1,000 kg / m 3 requires significantly higher specific pressures than with the previously described coating of chipboard, whose raw densities are only approx. 650 kg / m 3 up to 750 kg / m 3 The specific pressing pressures for chipboard are approximately 220 N / cm 2 up to a maximum of 300 N / cm 2, whereas when coating HDF boards these pressures are around 400 N / cm 2 up to 500 N / cm 2For this reason, press pads made of highly elastic materials, e.g. consisting of a metal wire mesh followed by a full-surface coating with silicone rubber, are used when coating HDF boards. To improve heat transfer, the upper silicone layers are scraped off so that the crimped areas of the metal wires close to the surface in the metallic support mesh are exposed for faster heat transfer from one side of the press pad to the other and can come into contact with the heating plate or press sheet. However, this type of press pad is very cost-intensive due to the complex manufacturing process and the high material consumption. In addition, when exposed to high temperatures and in the absence of air for extended periods, silicone elastomers undergo hydrolysis, i.e. material destruction, and sticking occurs on the metal surfaces of the heating plates or press sheets.

[0010] Another padding variant for use in HDF board coating features a fabric made of metallic warp threads such as copper or brass and weft threads with silicone elastomers, the latter usually featuring a metallic or plastic core thread. When the heating plates heat up and cool down under pressure, the large temperature differences cause significant material expansion and thus frictional movements between the press pad and the components in contact with it on both sides (heating plate and press plate), which particularly affects the metallic warp threads. This wears away the metallic threads, leading to comparatively rapid wear of the press pads and significantly shortening their service life.

[0011] In addition, so-called high-pressure laminates are produced using heating presses in the form of so-called multi-daylight presses with a heating and a separate cooling unit (for so-called "recooling"). These consist of a carrier with a multi-layer structure of core papers impregnated with phenolic resin, as well as decorative fine pulp and overlay papers impregnated with melamine resin. So-called decorative facade panels (also called compact panels) are also a so-called high-pressure laminate, which in the latter case has a panel thickness of approximately 6 mm to 8 mm.

[0012] State of the art

[0013] In the generic press pad according to EP 0 920 983 A1, metallic fibers are contained in both the weft and warp threads. Specifically, the weft threads consist of a core thread with high tensile strength and a surrounding thread sheath made of an extruded elastomer sheath, in particular a silicone elastomer. The core threads of the weft threads have a combined structure of a central thread made of an aromatic polyamide and six metal wires made of unannealed copper arranged around this in a stranded arrangement. The warp threads of the previously known press pad also have a central thread made of an aromatic polyamide and six metal wires stranded around it. This results in a closed and smooth surface of the warp threads, which ensures good heat-conducting contact between the heating plate and the press plate or material to be pressed.

[0014] According to the invention described in EP 0 920 983 A1, the weft thread density is so high that the warp threads can only pass through the weft threads by compressing the rubber-elastic elastomer material of the weft threads. This is intended to have a positive influence on heat transfer through the padding, namely by forcing the warp threads to have a very steep thread path due to the small distance between the weft threads. This is intended to result in short heat paths between the press pad surfaces. Despite a certain digging of the warp threads as they run from one press pad surface to the other, a flat, almost surface-parallel thread path of the warp threads is achieved in the area of ​​the subsequent or preceding crimps, resulting in extensive metallic contact with the heating plate or press plate.

[0015] Task

[0016] The invention is based on the object of providing a press cushion and a heating press provided with such a cushion, which results in a long cushion service life and in particular in low cushion wear due to abrasion during operation, in particular also in operation with a cooling phase following a heating phase.

[0017] Solution

[0018] Starting from a press cushion of the type described at the outset, the underlying problem is solved in that both surfaces of the press cushion which come into contact with a press plate or a heating plate during pressing operation under the action of a pressing pressure on the press cushion are formed exclusively from a material which is non-metallic.

[0019] With regard to the heating press described above, the above-mentioned object is achieved in that, in a phase of maximum compression of the at least one press cushion, its opposite surfaces which come into contact with the respectively associated press plate or with the respectively associated heating plate are formed exclusively from a material which is not metallic.

[0020] The invention is based on the finding that wear-related failure of a press cushion often occurs when metal threads that come into contact with the press system, i.e., the heating plate or press plate, are abraded by friction between the press cushion and the heating plate or press plate, and the relative movements between the press cushion and the press plate or heating plate caused by this friction. These relative movements occur particularly when large temperature differences occur during a press cycle, as is particularly the case with so-called heating and cooling presses.The thermally induced length changes (expansion and subsequent contraction) of the heating plate as the "driving force" in the "heating press" heat transfer system lag behind in time in the downstream components of the press pad and press plate, as well as the pressed material, so that even with a specifically consistent expansion behavior of all component components coupled together in the direction of heat flow, relative movements between them are unavoidable. The applicant has discovered that different materials respond to such relative movements between the heating plate and press pad or the press pad.Press plate and press pad react differently, with the friction pairings "metallic heating plate - metal threads of the press pad" and "metallic press plate - metal threads of the press pad" resulting in sliding due to the comparatively low coefficient of friction, which in the long term leads to material removal and thus thread wear at the prevailing high pressing pressures. In contrast, with non-metallic materials, particularly elastomer materials or other polymer materials, due to a certain tendency of the padding material to stick to the metal surface of the press pad or heating plate and / or due to a certain inherent elasticity of the plastic materials, even during relative movement to the press pad, sliding of threads relative to the heating plate or press plate is significantly less pronounced and in any case leads to significantly less closure phenomena than with metal threads.This results in the teaching of leaving both surfaces of the press pad according to the invention free of metallic threads in order to prevent their wear at such “exposed areas”.

[0021] Nevertheless, the press pad according to the invention does not dispense with the use of metallic threads. In the inventive concept, metallic threads also transport heat from one side of the press pad to the other. However, the presence of metallic threads in the press pad fabric according to the invention ends at least partially before these threads reach one of the two press pad surfaces. The invention therefore deliberately accepts a certain loss in the thermal conductivity of the press pad, which is why the press pad according to the invention is not optimal for applications that require maximum thermal conductivity, such as short-cycle presses. The situation is different, however, for applications where thermal conductivity is not the main property of a press pad due to longer cycle times.This is particularly the case with hot presses with recooling, where cycle times are typically significantly longer, so the lower thermal conductivity compared to press pads optimized for heat transfer is tolerable. The press pad according to the invention, however, has a huge advantage in terms of its wear resistance, as no threads with a metallic surface extend to or form part of either of the press pad surfaces, preventing any abrasion of metallic thread components or threads there.

[0022] It is particularly advantageous if at least some of the threads of at least one of the two thread systems, preferably the first thread system,

[0023] - a core thread by means of which a predominant part of the tensile force acting on a thread (particularly during the weaving process) can be transferred, and

[0024] - have a thread sheath enclosing the core thread, which is made of elastomer material.

[0025] This results in easy and trouble-free weaving of the threads even when the threads contain a high elastomer content.

[0026] In this context, it has proven particularly advantageous if the core thread consists of metal, in particular of steel, preferably stainless steel, copper, brass or bronze, or of a polymer material, in particular of an aromatic polyamide or of a melamine resin, wherein the core thread is preferably composed of a plurality of individual filaments which are twisted, stranded or stranded together.

[0027] On the one hand, the thread sheath can be formed by extruding an elastomer material around the core thread and preferably consists of a silicone elastomer or a fluorosilicone elastomer, or a blend elastomer made of a silicone elastomer and a fluorosilicone elastomer. Alternatively, for special application requirements, a fluoroelastomer (FKM) or an ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) can also be used. As an alternative to extrusion, it is also possible to form the thread sheath by wrapping the core thread with at least one sheath thread made of a polymer material, in particular an elastomer material or a high-strength polymer material, preferably an aromatic polyamide.

[0028] A preferred embodiment of the press pad according to the invention is that the first thread system is formed by weft threads of the fabric, and the second thread system is formed by warp threads of the fabric. Suitable weaves for the fabric include, in particular, a cloth weave, wire weave, twill weave (especially broken twill), or Panama weave.

[0029] A further development of the invention consists in that at least a portion of only one of the two thread systems, preferably the warp threads, contains a metal component or is made of metal, whereas the threads of the other thread system, preferably the weft threads, are formed from a material that is non-metallic—at least on its surface. This applies, preferably in the case of the weft threads, only to the thread surfaces in order to prevent wear due to metallic abrasion and, on the other hand, to improve the cushioning properties through the use of more resilient non-metallic materials (polymers, especially elastomers).

[0030] In further developing the invention, it is proposed that at least a part of only the threads of one of the two thread systems, preferably the weft threads, contain an elastomer component, preferably in the form of a thread sheath which is arranged around a core thread.

[0031] It has been found to be particularly advantageous that at least some of the metal threads, preferably all of the metal threads, in at least one of the two thread systems are wound or wrap around at least one polymer thread, preferably a thread made of aromatic polyamide or of a melamine resin, wherein more preferably a diameter of a wrapping thread is at most 30%, preferably at most 25%, even more preferably at most 20%, of a diameter of the wrapped thread.

[0032] Examples of implementation

[0033] The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment of both a press pad according to the invention and a heating press equipped with such a press pad.

[0034] It shows: Figure 1: a vertical section of a section of a schematically illustrated multi-daylight press according to the invention,

[0035] Figure 2: a vertical section through a heating plate press pad unit of the

[0036] Multi-opening press from Figure 1 ,

[0037] Figure 3: a plan view of an elongated press pad from Figure 1 ,

[0038] Figures 4 and 5: Vertical sections through an alternatively designed heating plate,

[0039] Figure 6: a press pad in a cross section and

[0040] Figure 7: a view of a warp thread of the press pad according to Figure 6.

[0041] Figure 1 shows a section of a multi-opening press 1 according to the invention in a vertical section, showing three heating platens 2 arranged one above the other. Between two adjacent heating platens 2 there is a pressing chamber 3. On each side facing the pressing chamber 3, the heating platens 2 each have a pressing cushion 4, which in turn is covered by a pressing plate 5. Between two adjacent pressing plates 5 there is a pressed material body 6, so that the following sequence results between two heating platens 2: heating plate 2 - pressing cushion 4 - pressing plate 5 - pressed material body 6 - pressing plate 5 - pressing cushion 4 - heating plate 2.

[0042] The space between a press plate 5 and an associated heating plate 2 is referred to as cushion space 7, with a press cushion 4 being arranged there.

[0043] In Figure 1, only the components of the multi-opening press 1 within the two pressing chambers 3 shown are shown, and the illustration of further components has been omitted since they are not relevant to the invention.

[0044] It is understood that the heating plates 2, press pads 4, press plates 5 and pressed material bodies 6 shown in Figure 1 are flat elements, in particular plate-shaped elements, which, in addition to a length 8 and height 9, also have a width, wherein the width runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Figure 1 shows the length 8 and height 9 of a heating plate 2, wherein a width of the heating plate 2 (not visible in the figures) is significantly greater than its length 7. The height 9 of the components is many times smaller than the length 8 and width 10 of the components, since they are plate-shaped components. The width 10 of the press pad 4 can be seen in Figure 3.

[0045] The heating plates 2 shown each have a top side 11 and a bottom side 12 as well as four narrow sides 13, wherein a heating plate 2 according to the invention has an associated pressing cushion 4 which runs continuously on the top side 11, a narrow side 13 and the bottom side 12 of the heating plate 2. In this way, three surfaces of the heating plate 2 are covered by the pressing cushion 4. In Figures 1 to 3 it can be clearly seen that a pressing cushion 4 runs around its associated heating plate 2 on the narrow side 13. In Figure 2, a dashed line 31 is shown on one edge of the heating plate 2, which is intended to indicate an alternative design of the heating plate 2 with a rounded edge.

[0046] Figure 3 shows a plan view of the press cushion 4, showing its length 14 and width 10. The length 14 of the press cushion 4 is greater than two lengths 8 of the heating plate 2 plus its height 9. On its opposite sides 15, 16, the press cushion 4 has means 17 for introducing a force into the press cushion 4, which in the present example are designed as four loops 18 on both sides 15, 16. Other means, such as holes with reinforced edges or sewn-on rings or clips, are also conceivable. The present loops 18 are formed by the press cushion material itself, which has been folded over and sewn accordingly.

[0047] Adjacent loops 18 are spaced 19 apart from each other, each corresponding to a width

[0048] 20 of the loops 18. The loops 18 of the opposite sides 15, 16 of the press cushion 4 are arranged offset from each other, so that in an operating position

[0049] 21 of the press cushion 4, in which the latter is guided around the associated heating plate 2, the loops 18 of one side 15 of the press cushion 4 come to lie in the free spaces of the loops 18 of the opposite side 16 of the press cushion 4. Overall, the sum of the widths 20 of all loops 18 corresponds to the width 10 of the press cushion 4.

[0050] In the operating state 21, the loops 18 are engaged with a coupling member 22 of a holding device 23 not shown in Figure 1, wherein the coupling member 22 according to the exemplary embodiment is designed as a rod 24 which is guided through all loops 18 of the opposite sides 15, 16 of the press cushion 4.

[0051] The holding device 23 is illustrated in Figure 2, which shows only one of the heating plate / press cushion units 25 from Figure 1. The holding device 23 comprises two tensioning devices 26 in the form of a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, although other forms of tensioning device are also conceivable. The tensioning devices 26 are attached to opposite narrow sides 13 of the heating plate 2, namely on the adjacent narrow sides 13 to the narrow side 13 on which the press cushion 4 rotates. Only one of the tensioning devices 26 can be seen in Figure 2. A piston 27 of the piston-cylinder unit is connected to the coupling member 22 and, in the operating position 21, transmits a force to the press cushion 4, so that the press cushion 4 as a whole is under tensile stress.

[0052] For the sake of better understanding, the clamping devices and the rod 24 are schematically shown on both sides in the area of ​​one side 15 of the press pad 4 in Figure 3.

[0053] Figure 4 shows a vertical section through an alternatively designed heating plate 2, in which four edges 28 of the narrow sides 13 are rounded. It is also possible for only the two edges 28 around which the press pad 4 (not shown in Figure 4) runs, i.e., the left edges 28 in Figure 4, to be rounded. A radius of the rounding can be adapted to the contour of the press pad 4 on side 29 of the holding device 23. Overall, rounded edges 28 have the advantage of minimizing abrasion and wear of the press pad 4.

[0054] Figure 5 shows a heating plate 2 according to Figure 1, wherein the heating plate 2 has an attachment piece 30 in the area of ​​the circumferential press pad 4 (not shown), which has rounded edges 28. The attachment piece 30 is used for retrofitting conventional heating plates 2.

[0055] From the cross-section shown in Figure 6 (section plane parallel to the weft direction) through a press pad 4 according to the invention, it can be seen that a press pad fabric constructed in a cloth weave (alternatively, a twill weave, in particular a broken twill weave, or a wire weave are also possible) consists of warp threads 32 and weft threads 33. The weft threads 33 form the threads of a first thread system, whereas the warp threads 32 form the threads of a second thread system within the meaning of the present application.

[0056] The weft threads 33 have a core thread (not visible in Figure 6) made of three (optionally two) individual monofilament steel wires, each with a diameter of 0.25 mm, which can optionally be twisted together. The course (center line) of the core thread is illustrated by a dashed line 34, which is intended to clarify the approximate course along a longitudinal axis of the core thread. Around the core thread, as described above, there is a thread sheath 35 of the weft thread 33, which was extruded around the core thread and consists of an elastomer material, in particular a silicone elastomer or a blend elastomer made of a silicone rubber and a fluorosilicone rubber. The outer diameter of the weft threads 33 is 1.6 mm.The warp threads 32, one of which is shown as an example in a plan view in Figure 7, have the following structure: Firstly, two (optionally three) monofilament brass wires with a diameter of 0.20 mm are twisted together, with the twisted (double) thread having, for example, approximately 200 turns per meter. Secondly, two multifilament threads (yarns) made of aromatic polyamide (meta-aramid corresponding to Nomex®), each with a diameter of 1.0 mm and a weight of 225 tex, and each consisting of a very large number of individual filaments, are twisted together. During this twisting (twisting), approximately 200 turns per meter of the twisted aramid thread are produced, forming a (double) thread with 450 tex. Finally, during the production of the warp threads 32, the two previously described double threads are twisted together again.This twist creates approximately 225 turns per running meter of the finished warp thread 32.

[0057] As can be seen from Figure 7, the twisted brass threads 36 are embedded in the double thread formed from two aramid threads 37, because the latter possesses a high degree of "fluffiness" and flexibility due to its multifilament construction. As a result, the warp threads 32 are constructed in such a way that the twisted brass threads 36 do not protrude or protrude beyond a boundary surface formed by the envelope or outer surface of the warp threads 32, indicated by line 38. The brass threads 36 are therefore recessed and "protected" within the much more voluminous and radially more flexible aramid threads 37.

[0058] As an alternative to the previously described twisting of the two brass threads together (before the thread thus produced is twisted with the previously twisted aramid double thread), it is also conceivable to produce the warp thread by twisting the aramid double thread with two individual (monofilament) brass threads (without the latter having been twisted together beforehand). In this case, there are three "starting threads" before the last twist, namely an aramid double thread and two brass wires in the form of a monofilament. The resulting warp thread does not differ greatly from the thread shown in Figures 6 and 7.This is due to the fact that the two individual (unconnected) brass threads dig into the much more voluminous Armid double thread during the twisting process, thereby moving closer together and seemingly connecting to one another, which, however, is not the case due to the individual nature of the brass threads. In any case, even with this warp thread construction or in a press pad made using such a warp thread, the brass threads do not protrude beyond the outer surface of the warp thread at any point, nor beyond the respective surface of the press pad, and are thus well protected against abrasion.

[0059] Referring again to Figure 6, it can be seen that a surface plane of the press cushion 4, illustrated by line 39, as shown in a press operation between a press plate (not shown) and a heating plate (not shown), is formed exclusively by the elastomer material of the weft threads 33 (sections 40) and the material of the aramid threads 37 (sections 41). Put another way around, the brass threads 36 do not reach a line 39 defined by its two opposite surface planes at any point on the press cushion 4. For this reason, the metal threads in the form of the brass threads 36 are protected from contact with the press plate and the heating plate and are therefore not subject to the wear caused by abrasive relative movements that is detrimental to previously known press cushions.

[0060] Nevertheless, these brass threads, which due to the single layer of the fabric shown here (instead of the cloth weave, a twill weave, in particular a crossed twill, or a ribbed weave or another type of weave is also conceivable), contribute significantly to the thermal conductivity of the fabric perpendicular to the fabric plane, since a change of each warp thread 32 from one fabric side to the other fabric side takes place with a steep thread course and high repetition frequency (due to the high weft thread density), whereby the heat transport through the metallic brass threads 36 is sufficient even without surface contact.

[0061] List of reference symbols:

[0062] 1 multi-daylight press

[0063] 2 heating plates

[0064] 3 Press room

[0065] 4 press pads

[0066] 5 Press plate

[0067] 6 pressed material bodies

[0068] 7 Upholstery room

[0069] 8 Length of heating plate 9 Height of heating plate

[0070] 10 wide press pads

[0071] 11 Top of heating plate

[0072] 12 Underside of heating plate

[0073] 13 Narrow side

[0074] 14 Length press pad

[0075] 15 opposite page

[0076] 16 opposite page

[0077] 17 remedies

[0078] 18 loops

[0079] 19 Distance

[0080] 20 Width of the loop

[0081] 21 Operating position

[0082] 22 coupling element

[0083] 23 Holding device

[0084] 24 bars

[0085] 25 Heating plate press pad unit

[0086] 26 clamping device

[0087] 27 pistons

[0088] 28 edge

[0089] 29 Side of the holding device

[0090] 30 attachment piece

[0091] 31 dashed line 32 warp thread

[0092] 33 weft threads

[0093] 34 Line

[0094] 35 thread coat 36 brass thread

[0095] 37 aramid thread

[0096] 38 Line

[0097] 39 Line

[0098] 40 Section 41 Section

Claims

Patent claims 1. Press pad (4) with a fabric having threads (33) of a first thread system and threads (32) of a second thread system running perpendicular to the threads (33) of the first thread system, wherein the threads (33) of the first thread system and the threads (32) of the second thread system are woven together to form a weave, wherein at least some of the threads (32, 33) of at least one of the two thread systems at least partially contain or consist of an elastomer material, and wherein at least some of the threads (32, 33) of at least the other of the two thread systems contain a metal portion or consist of metal, characterized in that both surfaces of the press pad (4) which come into contact with a press plate (5) or a heating plate (2) during pressing operation under the action of a pressing pressure on the press pad (4) are formed exclusively from a material which is non-metallic.

2. Press cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the threads (32, 33) of at least one of the two thread systems, preferably the first thread system, each - a core thread by means of which a predominant part of the tensile force acting on a thread can be transmitted, and - have a thread sheath (35) surrounding the core thread, which consists of elastomer material.

3. Press pad according to claim 2, characterized in that the core thread consists of metal, in particular of steel, preferably stainless steel, copper, brass or bronze, or of a polymer material, in particular of an aromatic polyamide or of a melamine resin, wherein the core thread is preferably composed of a plurality of individual filaments which are twisted, stranded or stranded together.

4. Press cushion according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the thread sheath (35) - is formed by extrusion of an elastomer material around the core thread and preferably consists of a silicone elastomer or a fluorosilicone elastomer or a blend elastomer made of a silicone elastomer and a fluorosilicone elastomer, or - is formed by winding or twisting the core thread with at least one sheath thread made of a polymer material, in particular an elastomer material or a high-strength polymer material, preferably an aromatic polyamide or a melamine resin.

5. Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first thread system is formed by weft threads (33) of the fabric and the second thread system is formed by warp threads (32) of the fabric.

6. Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fabric is made in cloth weave, wire weave, twill weave, rib weave or Panama weave.

7. Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least a part of only the threads (32, 33) of one of the two thread systems, preferably the warp threads (32), contain a metal portion or consist of metal, whereas the threads (32, 33) of the other thread system, preferably the weft threads (33), are formed at least on their outer side from a material which is non-metallic.

8. Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least some of the threads (32, 33) of only one of the two thread systems, preferably the weft threads (33), contain an elastomer component, preferably in the form of a thread sheath (35) which is arranged around a core thread.

9. Press pad according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least some of the metal threads, preferably all of the metal threads, in at least one of the two thread systems are wound or wrap around at least one polymer thread, preferably a thread made of aromatic polyamide or of a melamine resin, wherein more preferably a diameter of a wrapping thread is at most 30%, preferably at most 25%, even more preferably at most 20%, of a diameter of the wrapped thread.

10. Heating press (1) for producing a plate-shaped pressed material body (6), the heating press (1) comprising at least two heating plates (2), at least two pressing plates (5) and at least two pressing pads (4) each arranged between a heating plate (2) and a pressing plate (5) for uniform pressure distribution of the pressing pressure over a base area of ​​the heating press (1), wherein during a Pressing process, in the course of the heating plates (2) moving towards each other, a material to be pressed (6) located between the pressing plates is compressed and the pressing cushions (4) are also compressed, wherein the pressing cushion (4) has a fabric with threads (33) of a first thread system and threads (32) of a second thread system running perpendicular to the threads (33) of the first thread system, wherein the threads (33) of the first thread system and the threads (32) of the second thread system are woven together to form a bond, and wherein at least some of the threads (32, 33) of at least one of the two thread systems at least partially contains or consists of an elastomer material and at least some of the threads (32, 33) of at least the other of the two thread systems contains a metal portion or consists of metal, characterized in that in a phase of maximum compression of the at least one pressing cushion (4), its opposite,surfaces that come into contact with the respective press plate (5) or with the respective heating plate (2) are formed exclusively from a material that is non-metallic., 11. Heating press according to claim 10, characterized in that the heating press (1) is a multi-opening press, comprising a plurality of heating plates (2) and a plurality of pressing chambers (3), wherein a pressing chamber (3) is arranged between two adjacent heating plates (2) and is delimited in the direction of each of the two heating plates (2) by a pressing plate (5), wherein in each case in a cushioning chamber (7) between each pressing plate (5) and each associated heating plate (2) a pressing cushion (4) is arranged to even out the heat and pressure transfer to the respective pressed material body (6), wherein at least one pressing cushion (4) rotates uninterruptedly at least on one narrow side (13) of a heating plate (2).

12. Heating press according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one press cushion (4) is held in its operating position (21) by means of a force running parallel to a plane defined by a press cushion surface.

13. Heating press according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the at least one press cushion (4) in its operating position (21) - viewed in a plan view of the associated heating plate (2) - is under a tensile stress, the direction of which runs from one narrow side (13) of the heating plate (2) to the opposite narrow side (13).

14. Heating press according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the at least one press cushion (4) has on two opposite sides (15, 16) in each case a means (17) for introducing a force into the press cushion (4), wherein the force - viewed in a plan view of the press cushion (4) in an elongated planar arrangement - runs from the means (17) arranged on one side (15) of the press cushion (4) to the means (17) arranged on the opposite side (16) of the press cushion (4).

15. Heating press according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that at least one loop (18) is arranged on opposite sides (15, 16) of the at least one press cushion (4) and / or is made of the material of the Press cushion (4), wherein preferably in each of the loops (18) a coupling member (22) of a holding device (23), preferably a tensioning device (26), is inserted, by means of which a tensile force running through the press cushion (4) between the loops (18) arranged on opposite sides (15, 16) of the press cushion (4) can be introduced into and discharged from the press cushion (4)

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