Jaw crusher for crushing inert material with modular insert

Abstract

The present invention relates to a jaw crusher (1) for crushing inert material with modular insert (2), comprising a cavity (3) having an inlet (3a) for receiving inert material and an outlet (3b) for dispensing crushed inert material, a first jaw (4) and a second jaw (5) facing each other to at least partly define the cavity (3), an insert (2) comprising modules (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) connected to each other and arranged along a longitudinal axis (A), the insert (2) being connectable to the first jaw (4) to vary the positioning of the first jaw (4) with respect to the second jaw (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a jaw crusher provided with a modular insert and adapted to crush inert material, such as construction and demolition materials.Background Art

[0002] Different types of crushers for crushing inert material are known in the state of the art and comprise jaw, impact and cone type crushers.

[0003] Generally, a crusher of the jaw type is provided with a cavity which has an inlet through which the inert material to be crushed is received and an outlet to feed the crushed inert material, e.g., to a conveyor belt.

[0004] The known crusher comprises two jaws arranged within the cavity facing and spaced apart from each other to define at least partly a crushing area within the cavity where the material is received and crushed.

[0005] One of the two jaws is movable away from and close to the other jaw to increase and decrease the mutual distance of the two jaws so as to impact and crush the material located between the two jaws.

[0006] The inert material is crushed to a size defined by the mutual distance between the jaws and, therefore, by the cavity outlet opening. In fact, the size of the crushed inert material is variable and depends on the minimum distance position of the jaws.

[0007] In jaw crushers of the known type, the size of the crushed inert material is adjusted by varying the angle of one of the two jaws so as to move the end of the jaw close to the opposite jaw by reducing the cavity outlet opening.

[0008] However, the crushers of known type do have a limitation since significantly reducing the cavity outlet opening with respect to the inlet opening results in obtaining a very large angle of inclination of either jaw. In fact, the Applicant found that too large an angle of inclination is disadvantageous to the working of the inert material because the excessive inclination of one of the jaws causes a reduction in the surface area adapted to crush and a localization of that surface area at the bottom of each jaw.

[0009] As a result, reducing the surface area crushing the material in a localized area increases jaw wear and reduces the hourly output of crushed material.

[0010] In the state of the art, in order to obtain a fine size from a large-size inert material, without excessively tilting the jaws, a multi-stage crushing of the material is carried out, i.e., by employing different crushers capable of obtaining different and increasingly fine sizes. It is therefore necessary to use multiple crushers that are different from each other, generally referred to as primary, secondary and tertiary crushers, in order to obtain a material that has the desired final size by passing through two or more intermediate sizes.

[0011] The currently known solutions are disadvantageous since they require tilting one jaw with respect to the other, which causes high wear and a reduction in hourly output or, otherwise, require the use of several crushers resulting in increased costs associated with the appliance used.Description of the Invention

[0012] The Applicant has found that providing the jaw crusher with an insert connectable to one of the jaws to vary its positioning with respect to the other jaw allows for a reduction in the size attainable from the crusher without affecting jaw wear or hourly output.

[0013] One object of the present invention is to make a more versatile jaw crusher which allows inert material to be crushed to different sizes depending on the characteristics of the insert.

[0014] A further object of the present invention is to make a jaw crusher which allows the size of the crushed inert material to be varied quickly and efficiently.

[0015] A further object of the present invention is to provide a versatile crushing plant. The aforementioned objects are achieved by the jaw crusher according to claim 1 and by the crushing plant according to claim 10.Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Some embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings, provided for illustrative purposes only and therefore not limiting, wherein: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a jaw crusher in accordance with this description, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the crusher in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a detail of the crusher in accordance with this description, Figure 4 is a front view of the detail in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the detail in Figure 3, Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a component of the crusher in accordance with this description, Figure 7 is a perspective view of a crushing plant in accordance with this description. Embodiments of the Invention

[0017] In accordance with this description and the attached figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a jaw crusher for crushing inert material. The crusher is adapted to crush construction and demolition materials, excavated soil and rocks, stones, sand, asphalt, gravel, steel mill slag, plastics, paper, wood, glass.

[0018] The jaw crusher 1 comprises a cavity 3 having an inlet 3a and an outlet 3b. Specifically, the crusher 1 comprises a frame 6 which at least partly defines such a cavity 3, the inlet 3a and the outlet 3b. The frame 6 is configured to enclose and protect the various components of the crusher 1. In particular, the frame 6 has a connecting portion adapted to connect to a framework of a crushing plant.

[0019] The inlet 3a is adapted to receive the inert material and the outlet 3b is configured to dispense the crushed inert material. Generally, the outlet 3b is smaller in size than the inlet 3a. The inlet 3a can be associated with a feeding belt or with a hopper configured to feed the inert material to the crusher through such an inlet 3a. The outlet 3b can be associated with a conveyor belt 103 configured to receive and transport the crushed inert material away from the crusher 1. Specifically, the crusher 1 can be part of a crushing plant 100 and connected to a framework 101 of the same crushing plant, as described below.

[0020] According to one aspect, the jaw crusher 1 can be mobile or stationary. The mobile jaw crusher comprises transport means, particularly connected to the frame defining a bearing portion of the crusher to the ground. The transport means are known per se and comprise a set of tracks or a set of tires for the movement of the crusher. The mobile crusher is therefore able to move independently. Conversely, the stationary crusher is not configured to move independently but to be placed in a work site only by means of an external conveyor, such as a crane, overhead crane or truck.

[0021] The crusher 1 comprises two jaws adapted to impact and crush the inert material arranged in the cavity 3. The two jaws are connected to the frame 6 and configured to at least partly define the cavity 3. Specifically, the crusher 1 comprises a first jaw 4 and a second jaw 5 facing each other to at least partly define the cavity 3. The first and second jaws 4, 5 are adapted to contact and impact the inert material so that this material is compressed between the two jaws and crushed. The first and second jaws 4, 5 define between them a crushing area of the cavity 3 wherein crushing of the material takes place when the crusher is in use.

[0022] According to one aspect, one of the two jaws 4, 5 is configured to be stationary during the operation of the crusher 1, while the other of the two jaws 4, 5 is configured to move close to / away from the fixed jaw. In other words, the crusher is adapted to crush the inert material by moving one of the two jaws towards the other jaw to compress the inert material between the two jaws. Specifically, in use, the first jaw 4 is configured to be stationary in place and the second jaw 5 is configured to move close to / away from the first jaw 4 cyclically to impact and compress the inert material against the first jaw 4. The size or grain size of the crushed inert material obtainable from the crusher is variable depending on the mutual positioning of the two jaws. In fact, the maximum size of the crushed material is defined by the minimum distance defined between the first and second jaws when the crusher is in use.

[0023] The crusher comprises a modular insert 2 adapted to vary the mutual positioning of the jaws 4, 5. The insert 2 is connectable to the first jaw 4 and to the frame 6 to vary the positioning thereof with respect to the second jaw 5 and / or with respect to the frame 6. In addition, the modular insert 2 can be made in such a way as to be adapted to vary the angle of the first jaw 4 with respect to the second jaw 5 and / or with respect to a vertical axis.

[0024] Advantageously, by varying the positioning of the first jaw 4 through the modular insert 2, the grain size of the crushed material obtainable from the jaw crusher can be easily and quickly varied.

[0025] In particular, the connection of the insert 2 to the first jaw 4 is reversible. The insert 2 can be connected and disconnected to / from the first jaw 4 to vary the grain size of the crushed inert material obtainable from the crusher 1. According to one aspect, the modular insert 2 comprises two or more modular inserts, each with respective dimensions and / or dimensional characteristics. Therefore, it is possible to make two or more inserts 2 according to this description, with different dimensional characteristics from each other so that each insert allows for a respective mutual distance between the first and the second jaws when the respective insert is connected to the first jaw 4 and, therefore, a respective grain size of the crushed inert material. Advantageously, it is possible to vary the grain size of the crushed inert material by moving the first jaw 4 close to / away from the second jaw 5 by connecting it to appropriately sized inserts. For example, if the first jaw 4 is connected to a first insert to produce crushed material of a first grain size, it is possible to replace the first insert with a second insert that is dimensionally different from the first insert to produce crushed material of a second grain size.

[0026] In one embodiment, the modular insert 2 comprises three different modular inserts: a first insert for the production of crushed inert material with size of between 0-200 mm, a second modular insert for the production of crushed inert material with size of between 0-60 mm and a third modular insert for the production of crushed inert material with size of between 0-20 mm.

[0027] According to one aspect, the insert 2 extends between the inlet 3a and the outlet 3b of the cavity 3 along a longitudinal axis A. The insert 2 is dimensionally similar to the first jaw 4. For example, if the first jaw has a rectangular shape, the insert will also have a rectangular shape to mate smoothly with the first jaw.

[0028] In detail, the insert 2 comprises modules 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d connected together and arranged along the longitudinal axis A. The modules 2a-2d can be dimensionally identical to each other or each with different dimensional characteristics. Each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the insert 2 is connectable to the first jaw 4 in a removable manner. Specifically, each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d can be connected to the first jaw and disconnected therefrom to vary the positioning thereof with respect to the second jaw 5. For example, in the attached figures, the insert 2 comprises four modules wherein each module is adapted to connect to the first jaw. Advantageously, the modules of the insert can be coupled to and uncoupled from each other, thus facilitating the use and transport of the insert. For example, if an insert is not used, the modules of such an insert can be uncoupled so that the space required for its storage is reduced.

[0029] The insert 2 is connected to the frame 6 in a removable manner. Specifically, the modular insert 2 is placed between the first jaw 4 and the frame 6. Each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d is placed between the first jaw 4 and the frame 6. In particular, by varying the size of the modular insert 2, e.g. with dimensionally different inserts, the distance of the first jaw from the frame can be varied.

[0030] The insert 2 has dimensions comparable to the size of the first jaw 4. Specifically, the insert extends along the longitudinal axis A between the inlet 3a and the outlet 3b of the cavity 3 and has a thickness transverse to the longitudinal axis A. In detail, the thickness is defined as the extension of the insert perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis A and can be constant throughout the extension of the insert along the longitudinal axis A or can be variable along the same longitudinal axis A.

[0031] According to one aspect, the modular insert 2 and the first jaw 4 have a comparable extension along the longitudinal axis A or along a vertical axis of the crusher. The modular insert, first jaw and second jaw extend between the inlet and the outlet of the cavity.

[0032] Advantageously, an insert 2 with variable thickness along the longitudinal axis A allows the positioning of the first jaw 4 with respect to the second jaw 5 to be varied without the first jaw 4 taking on an excessive inclination with respect to the vertical axis. In fact, it is possible to control and change the angle of the first jaw 4 with respect to the vertical axis by making a modular insert with variable thickness along the longitudinal axis A or along the vertical axis. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the size of the material crushed by the crusher without causing excessive localization of the jaw surface involved in crushing.

[0033] Specifically, the insert 2 has a maximum thickness in the proximity of the inlet 3a of the cavity 3 and a minimum thickness in the proximity of the outlet 3b of the cavity 3.

[0034] The first jaw 4 and second jaw 5 define a mutual distance transverse to the longitudinal axis A and / or perpendicular to the vertical axis. The distance between the first and second jaws is variable along the longitudinal axis A. Specifically, the distance is maximum in the proximity of the inlet 3a to allow the inert material to enter and minimum in the proximity of the outlet 3b of the cavity 3 where the ejection of crushed inert material takes place.

[0035] In one embodiment, each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the insert 2 has a first side 7 and a second side 8 opposite the first side 7. The first side 7 is adapted to couple to the first jaw 4 in a removable manner and the second side 8 is adapted to couple to the frame 6 in a removable manner.

[0036] In detail, each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the insert 2 comprises one or more seats 9 arranged along the first side 7 adapted to receive respective coupling portions 10 of the first jaw 4. Each module comprises two seats 9 spaced transversely to each other with respect to the longitudinal axis A. Each seat 9 of the insert is configured to receive a respective coupling portion 10 projecting from a rear face of the first jaw 4. In particular, the first jaw 4 can also be modular and comprise two plates coupled together. Each plate of the first jaw comprises four coupling portions. Specifically, such as e.g. shown in Figure 5, the coupling portions are spaced from each other along and transversely to the longitudinal axis A and / or the vertical axis.

[0037] In addition, each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the insert 2 comprises one or more connecting portions 11 arranged along the second side 8 for coupling to respective seats 12 of the frame 6. Specifically, each connecting portion 11 of the insert projects from the second side 8 and is configured to be received by a respective seat of the frame 6. The connecting portions 11 of the insert 2 are structurally similar to the coupling portions 10 of the first jaw 4 so that the modular insert 2 is allowed to be coupled to the frame 6 of jaw crushers 1 of known type. Advantageously, making the connecting portions 11 of the insert 2 so that they are structurally similar or identical to the coupling portions of the first jaw allows retrofitting and using the modular insert 2 with jaw crushers already on the market without the need to implement structural changes to the latter.

[0038] According to one aspect, each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d is coupled to an adjacent module in a removable manner to define a longitudinal extension of the insert 2 along the longitudinal axis A. As shown in Figure 5, the modular insert 2 has four modules coupled together to define the length of the insert along the longitudinal axis A.

[0039] In addition, each module 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d is adapted to define a lateral extension of the insert 2 transversely to the longitudinal axis A. The modules of the insert 2 are adapted to define a width of the insert transversely to the longitudinal axis A. Each module has a width equal to the width of the first jaw or of the portion of the first jaw to which it is adapted to couple.

[0040] In one embodiment, the insert 2 comprises fastening members 13 arranged at the inlet 3a of the cavity 3 and configured to project from the inlet of the cavity 3. Specifically, the fastening members 13 are defined by one of the modules of the insert. The module configured to be arranged at the inlet of the cavity 3 defines the fastening members. The fastening members 13 are adapted to be connected to an external movement unit. The fastening members 13 comprise a pair of eyebolts to allow the modular insert 2 to be lifted and moved close to or away from the crusher. In detail, the insert 2 is movable within the cavity 3 to allow connection / disconnection of the same insert to / from the first jaw 4.

[0041] The insert 2 is movable by means of an external movement unit, such as an overhead crane or crane, which couples to the eyebolts projecting from the inlet of the cavity.

[0042] In the embodiment shown as an example in Figures 3 and 4, the fastening members 13 comprise two pairs of eyebolts, wherein each pair of eyebolts is defined by a respective module of the insert. Specifically, making an insert comprising modules provided with eyebolts allows these modules to be moved more easily by means of external units connecting to the respective eyebolts. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, it is possible to move the two lower modules 2c, 2d of the insert 2 to position them within the cavity through an external movement unit connected to the eyebolts of one of the two lower modules and, then, to move the two upper modules 2a, 2b by connecting the movement unit to the respective eyebolts of one of the two upper modules 2a, 2b.Crushing plant

[0043] The present description also relates to a crushing plant 100 comprising a jaw crusher 1 according to the invention. The crushing plant may be of the type described in Italian patent publications number 102024000009580.

[0044] The crushing plant 100 also comprises a framework 101 and a loading unit 102 connected to the framework 101. The loading unit 102 is adapted to receive inert material and to feed the inert material to the jaw crusher 1. The loading unit 102 may be a hopper adapted to convey the inert material to the inlet 3a of the cavity 3. The plant 100 also comprises a conveyor belt 103 connected to the framework 101 and configured to receive and transport the crushed inert material.

[0045] The jaw crusher 1 is particularly associated with the loading unit 102 to receive the inert material and is configured to crush the inert material received from such a loading unit 102. In addition, the crusher 1 is adapted to feed the crushed inert material to a conveyor belt 103.

Claims

1. Jaw crusher (1) for crushing inert material with modular insert (2), comprising: - a cavity (3) having an inlet (3a) for receiving inert material and an outlet (3b) for dispensing crushed inert material, - a first jaw (4) and a second jaw (5) facing each other to at least partly define the cavity (3), - an insert (2) comprising modules (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) connected to each other and arranged along a longitudinal axis (A), the insert (2) being connectable to the first jaw (4) to vary the positioning of the first jaw (4) with respect to the second jaw (5).

2. Jaw crusher (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein each module (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) of the insert (2) is connected to the first jaw (4) in a removable manner, each module (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) being connectable / disconnectable to / from the first jaw (4) to vary the positioning of the first jaw (4) with respect to the second jaw (5).

3. Jaw crusher (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a frame (6), the first jaw (4) and the second jaw (5) being connected to the frame (6) to define at least partly the cavity (3), the insert (2) being connected to the frame (6) in a removable manner and being placed between the first jaw (4) and the frame (6).

4. Jaw crusher (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insert (2) extends along the longitudinal axis (A) between the inlet (3a) and the outlet (3b) of the cavity (3), and wherein the insert (2) has a thickness transverse to the longitudinal axis (A) which is variable along the longitudinal axis (A).

5. Jaw crusher (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the insert (2) has a maximum thickness in the proximity of the inlet (3a) and a minimum thickness in the proximity of the outlet (3b), and / or wherein the first jaw (4) and the second jaw (5) define a mutual distance transverse to the longitudinal axis (A) and variable along the longitudinal axis (A), the distance being maximum in the proximity of the inlet (3a) and minimum in the proximity of the outlet (3b).

6. Jaw crusher (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, each module (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) of the insert (2) has a first side (7) suitable for the removable coupling to the first jaw (4) and a second side (8) opposite the first side (7) suitable for the removable coupling to the frame (6).

7. Jaw crusher (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein each module of the insert (2) comprises: one or more seats (9) arranged along the first side (7) adapted to receive respective coupling portions (10) of the first jaw (4), and / or one or more connecting portions (11) arranged along the second side (8) for coupling with respective seats (12) of the frame (6).

8. Jaw crusher (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each module (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) is removably coupled to an adjacent module in order to define a longitudinal extension of the insert along the longitudinal axis (A), and wherein each module (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) is adapted to define a lateral extension of the insert (2) transverse to the longitudinal axis (A).

9. Jaw crusher (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insert (2) comprises fastening members (13) arranged at the inlet (3a) of the cavity (3) for overhanging from the inlet of the cavity (3), the fastening members (13) being suitable for connecting to an external movement unit.

10. Crushing plant (100), comprising: a jaw crusher (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, a framework (101) and a loading unit (102) connected to the framework (101), the loading unit (102) being adapted to receive inert material and to feed said inert material to the jaw crusher (1), the jaw crusher (1) being associated with the loading unit (102) to receive the inert material and configured to crush the inert material and to feed the crushed inert material to a conveyor belt (103), a conveyor belt (103) connected to the framework (101) and configured to receive and transport the crushed inert material.

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