Component and method for producing a component for transferring heat

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a component for transferring heat, and to the component itself, which has a first plate (1) and a second plate (2), wherein the two plates have at least one notch (3) in at least one notch region (5). Furthermore, in the notch region (5) in the first plate (1) and the second plate (2), at least two partial regions (7) are formed, and the first plate (1) and the second plate (2) are joined via at least one joining region (6) such that at least one non-joined and non-notched region (4) is formed. The notches (3) mutually overlap and at least one partial region (7) in the first plate (1) and at least one partial region (7) in the second plate (2) are at least partially disposed such that at least two fins (8) are formed. The fins (8) in the first plate (1) are disposed in the opposite direction to the fins (8) in the second plate (2) and the at least two non-joined and non-notched regions (4) are formed as channels.

Description

[0001] Component and method for producing a component for heat transfer

[0002] The present invention relates to a component for transferring heat and a method for producing a component for transferring heat.

[0003] Heat is an important form of energy, and different temperature levels and the transition between these levels are used for certain technical processes. Heat exchangers are used, particularly for cooling purposes, to transfer the heat flow of a fluid through a large

[0004] surface to the environment. With increasing global warming, the need for cooling capacity and corresponding system technology grows, with increasing efficiency always being the focus. The current state of the art, among other things, uses stationary plate-fin heat exchangers with sheet metal fins and copper tubes, which create a meandering fluid flow, to solve this technical problem. In this design, the heat exchanger consists of a large number of thin sheet metal fins, creating a multitude of joints. Since the quality of the joints is directly related to the performance of the heat exchanger, joining is usually carried out manually and is very time-consuming.

[0005] Alternatively, flat plate-fin heat exchangers are used, with the fluid flow being harp-shaped. Collecting pipes are arranged on both sides, which in turn are connected by flat channel pipes. Here, too, a large number of individual parts are required to manufacture the plate-fin heat exchanger. In addition to the high demands on the tightness of the channel system, the quality of the joints is also crucial for the efficiency of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the joints are usually made manually.

[0006] EP 3 000 601 A1, for example, discloses a method for producing multilayer three-dimensional components, in which two flat elements are locally joined, the composite is subsequently formed, and finally locally deformed. This method is particularly suitable for the production of heat exchangers, where homogeneous temperature control is paramount. A disadvantage of this disclosure is that the cooling capacity of the three-dimensional heat exchanger is limited due to the limited surface area across which heat can be exchanged.

[0007] The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device for transferring heat and a method for producing this device, wherein an increase in the efficiency of the device and thus an improved cooling performance are to be achieved.

[0008] This object is achieved according to the invention by a device according to the main claim and by a method for producing the device according to the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are described in the dependent claims.

[0009] A component for transferring heat has a first plate and a second plate, wherein both plates have at least one notch in at least one notch region. At least two partial regions are formed in the notch region in the first plate and the second plate, and the first plate and the second plate are joined via at least one joining region, such that at least one unjoined and unnotched region is formed. The notches overlap mutually, and at least one partial region in the first plate and at least one partial region in the second plate are at least partially raised, such that at least two lamellae are formed. The lamella in the first plate is raised in the opposite direction to the lamella in the second plate, and the at least two unjoined and unnotched regions are formed as channels.

[0010] "At least partially erected" means that a part of the sub-area has an installation angle in a range of -90° up to and including 90° to a longitudinal axis of the panels, excluding 0°, i.e. the erected part of the sub-area is not aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis of the panels. In this case, the erected part of the sub-area is referred to as a slat. Furthermore, "opposite direction" means that the installation angle of the slat in the first panel and the installation angle in the second panel have different signs.

[0011] Because the heat transfer component is made from a single piece, heat transfer occurs across the plates without significant heat loss through numerous joints. This provides the advantage of effective, highly efficient heat transfer between a medium flowing through the formed channels and the heat transfer component.

[0012] Furthermore, a component for the transfer can be designed such that the first plate and / or the second plate are configured as sheets. A "sheet" within the meaning of the application is a rolled product made of metallic material, the width and length of which are much greater than its thickness. By designing the plates as sheets, the component can be manufactured very compactly, i.e., lightweight and with a small spatial dimension. The thickness, which is much smaller than its width and length, also further increases the efficiency of heat transfer.

[0013] Furthermore, the first and second plates can be made of the same material. This allows both plates to be made of the same material, preventing differences in material properties such as thermal conductivity and heat storage capacity from reducing heat transfer efficiency. Different materials can also be used in other design variants.

[0014] In addition, the slats can be macroscopically structured, preferably wave-shaped, particularly preferably as expanded metal. This macroscopic structuring is understood as surface modifications, which include, for example, cutting and / or stretching the slats. It can also be provided that the slats have surface modifications that are or will be formed like expanded metal after bending. Macroscopic structuring makes it possible to further enlarge the surface area of ​​the slats. This automatically increases the area usable for heat transfer, which in turn means increased heat transfer.

[0015] In addition, the first plate and the second plate can be joined almost congruently. "Almost congruently" means that the first plate protrudes at least 5 mm from the second plate. A nearly congruent joint has the advantage of reducing the distances between the fins. This means more fins are formed on the same surface area, which can further increase heat transfer.

[0016] Furthermore, a functional unit for heat transfer is designed such that a plurality of heat transfer components are arranged one above the other. The functional unit ensures that the maximum transferable heat quantity is significantly increased through the technical interaction of the components arranged one above the other. This means that the maximum transferable heat quantities of the individual components add up to the maximum transferable heat quantity of the functional unit.

[0017] In addition, a method for producing a component for transferring heat comprises a first plate and a second plate, each having at least one incision which mutually overlaps, wherein the first plate and the second plate are joined in at least one joining region. In addition, the partial regions are at least partially erected individually and sequentially to form at least two lamellae, wherein the angles of erection of the individual lamellae with respect to a longitudinal axis of the plates alternate between positive and negative angles. In addition, the non-incised and non-joined regions are shaped after the partial regions have been erected or directly before the partial regions have been erected. In further embodiments, it is also possible for the first and second plates to already have the channels before the lamellae are erected or folded, or for the channels to be formed after joining before the lamellae are folded.

[0018] Joining the panels in a planar state, i.e., before the individual sections are assembled, ensures that a media-tight joint can be created in a simple and cost-effective manner. This process also has the advantage that each fin does not need to be joined individually, thus reducing the number of joints. This also reduces the reduction in heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, the individual sections can be assembled individually, allowing the components to be flexibly adapted to the respective technical application. This means that the number of fins can be varied as needed using this process.

[0019] In addition, the sub-areas can be set up by forming processes, preferably by bending or shear forming, particularly preferably by free bending, folding, swivel bending or twisting.

[0020] By using established forming techniques, this process can be easily integrated into existing processes, making it cost-effective to implement.

[0021] In addition, the unjoined and uncut areas can be formed using internal pressure. Forming using internal pressure makes it possible to achieve a uniform shape of the unjoined and uncut areas, thereby improving the flow of the medium through the resulting channel.

[0022] Furthermore, by erecting a portion of the first plate, a recess can be created in the first plate, whereby the subsequent erection of a portion of the second plate is effected through the recess.

[0023] The described method is typically designed to manufacture the described component.

[0024] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described below with reference to Figures 1-8. Recurring features are provided with identical reference numerals.

[0025] They show:

[0026] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the component before the sub-areas are positioned and the channels are formed;

[0027] Fig. 2 is a view of the component corresponding to Fig. 1 with raised slats and formed channels;

[0028] Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of three process steps of the method for manufacturing the component; Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the component with a raised slat;

[0029] Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the component with two slats positioned;

[0030] Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the component with a formed channel;

[0031] Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of components arranged one above the other; and

[0032] Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of two variants of channels.

[0033] Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a section of a component for heat transfer, which is preferably designed as a heat exchanger, wherein partial regions 7 are shown which have not yet been erected. The partial regions 7 are always located in an incision region 5 between two joining regions 6. Furthermore, non-incised and non-joined regions 4 are shown, which are always delimited by two joining regions 6, i.e. the joining regions 6 form the edge of the non-incised and non-joined regions 4. In this representation, both plates have already been joined via the joining regions 6. The joining of a first plate 1 and a second plate 2 takes place exclusively in the joining regions 6. In addition, the two plates are joined in a planar state, i.e. the local joining is carried out before the partial regions 7 are erected.

[0034] Fig. 2, on the other hand, shows a view corresponding to Fig. 1 of a section of a heat exchanger in which the parts of the partial regions 7, which are designated as fins 8, are arranged. The fins 8 are arranged alternately, with the angle of installation of the various fins 8 always alternating between a negative angle and a positive angle with respect to a longitudinal axis 10 of the plates. The longitudinal axis 10 runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shaped partial regions 4, which form channels open on both sides, i.e. the longitudinal axis 10 runs perpendicular to the cross-sectional area of ​​the openings of the channels. In another embodiment, the longitudinal axis 10 may also not run perpendicular to the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening of the channels. In this case, the longitudinal axis 10 can also run parallel or obliquely to the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening of the channels."Oblique" in this case means that the longitudinal axis 10 can have an angle of 0° to 180° relative to the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening of the channels. Thus, an arrow-shaped arrangement in plan view can be realized (with the channel as the mirror plane).

[0035] Fig. 3 shows three successive process steps of the method for producing a heat exchanger in a side view. A first process step A shows the first plate 1 and the second plate 2, which are joined in a planar state. In addition, both the first plate 1 and the second plate 2 have a plurality of partial regions 7 that are partially separated by incisions 3. Furthermore, the first plate 1 and the second plate 2 are joined in such a way that the incisions 3 mutually overlap, so that the first plate 1 has a projection relative to the plate 2, i.e. the two plates are joined almost congruently.

[0036] This overhang between the first plate 1 and the second plate 2 is important because in the subsequent process step B a first forming operation is carried out on this overhanging partial region 7. Here, a form of bending, namely folding, is used to raise parts of the partial regions 7 in order to obtain slats 8. However, other forming processes, particularly from the field of bending and shear forming, can also be considered. In this exemplary embodiment, the forming of the partial regions 7 takes place in such a way that some of the partial regions are first fixed between a first clamping block 11 and a second clamping block 12. Fixed here means that the clamped part of the partial regions 7 is not formed and this part remains in a planar state even after the bending. The non-clamped part of the partial regions 7 is then formed by a forming unit 13.The forming unit 13 presses against the partial area 7 of the first plate 1, which is aligned with the second plate 2, in a force direction 14 shown in the drawing, from the side, or from below or above, i.e., orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 10. The bending operation creates an angle between the lamella 8 and the longitudinal axis 10 of the plates, which ranges from -90° to 90°. The angle between the lamella 8 and the longitudinal axis 10 can be easily adjusted individually for each lamella 8 by adjusting the bending and forming operation.

[0037] After the first assembly and the resulting lamella 8 in the first plate 1, the forming of a partial area 7 of the second plate 2 is carried out in the subsequent process step C. The recess created by the first forming operation is used to carry out the forming analogously to the first forming, only in the opposite direction. The resulting recess makes it possible to clamp a part of the partial area 7 of the second plate 2 using the two clamping blocks 11, 12 and then to form the non-clamped part of the partial area 7 of the second plate 2 from the opposite side using the forming unit 14. This process sequence makes it possible to produce lamellas 8 in the first plate 1 and the second plate 2 that are arranged in opposite directions.

[0038] Fig. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a section of the component with one slat 8 positioned, this view corresponding to process step A shown in Fig. 3. Similarly, Fig. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of a section of the component with two slats 8 positioned, this view corresponding to process step B shown in Fig. 3.

[0039] Fig. 6 shows, likewise in perspective view, a section of a heat exchanger, which has raised fins 8 and a non-cut and non-joined region 4, which is shaped as a channel open on both sides. In this case, the sides of the channel that are not bordered by a joining region 6 are always open. The sides of the channel that are bordered by a joining region 6 are media-tight, i.e. completely impermeable to all types of fluids. In this embodiment, the plates are designed as metallic sheets, which allows for simple forming, i.e. forming without excessive force.

[0040] Thus, the heat transfer component in this exemplary embodiment is designed as a finned heat exchanger, initially comprising two individual sheets. These are prepared accordingly depending on the application, i.e., they have incisions 3, whereby partial regions 7, which form the fins 8 in the erected state, are created in a defined incision region 5. In addition, the two sheets are partially joined in the flat, planar state, whereby a one-piece composite is obtained. The partial joining can be carried out by roll bonding (roll cladding), but also by soldering, in particular roll seam soldering of solder-plated circuit boards. In one exemplary embodiment, the non-incised and non-joined regions 4 are formed as fluid-carrying channels by the application of internal pressure. The formation of the non-incised and non-joined regions 4 can be one-sided, i.e.either the non-cut and non-joined areas 4 of the first plate 1 or the corresponding non-cut and non-joined areas 4 of the second plate 2 are formed, as well as two-sided, i.e. the non-cut and non-joined areas 4 of the first plate 1 and the non-cut and non-joined areas 4 of the second plate 2 are formed. The non-cut and non-joined areas 4 formed by internal pressure were left out during the previous joining, i.e. in the non-cut and non-joined areas 4, the plate 1 and the plate 2 have no material connection.

[0041] The previously cut partial areas are then erected by bending (folding) and thus represent the fins 8. The bending takes place sequentially, one after the other, with the erection direction alternating between upwards and downwards, i.e. the angle of erection with respect to the longitudinal axis 10 alternating between a negative and a positive sign. Each previous forming operation creates the necessary access for the subsequent forming operation. A surface modification (not shown), i.e. macroscopic structuring of the fins 8, can be carried out either before or after bending. The most important advantage is that instead of a large number of individual parts, the heat exchanger consists of a single piece, i.e. is integrally or one-piece, which is particularly advantageous for heat transport within the sheet metal structure.By reducing the number of joints, the efficiency of the finned heat exchanger is increased. Locally joining the sheets in a flat state has the advantage of being simpler and more cost-effective than would be possible with 3D-formed components. Planar joining across joining areas 6 also ensures that the joint is media-tight, meaning that no medium or fluid can escape from the channel at the sides of the channels defined by a joining area 6, allowing fluid to be guided through the channels with virtually no loss of mass of the guided medium.

[0042] Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment, only one material is used, eliminating the effort required for pure separation. By individually and sequentially positioning individual fins 8, the finned heat exchangers can be individually adapted to the required number of fins 8 to meet specific requirements, without requiring the clamping blocks 11, 12 and the forming unit 13 to be replaced. The flexible adaptation of the finned heat exchangers thus eliminates the need for complex adjustments to the forming tool. This further increases the cost-effectiveness of this manufacturing process.

[0043] Fig. 7 also shows a section of a functional unit 9, which consists of two stacked finned heat exchangers. This arrangement allows the maximum heat transfer capacity to be increased.

[0044] Fig. 8 shows a side view schematically the design of a channel as a one-sided formed channel 15 and as a two-sided formed channel 16. In both design variants, the channels are always delimited by two joining regions 6. In the shown embodiment of the one-sided formed channel 15, only the first plate 1 is formed, whereas in the two-sided formed channel 16 both the first plate 1 and the second plate 2 are formed. The possibility of designing the channels in different ways makes it possible to influence the flow behavior of the fluid carried in the channel. For example, the flow velocity across the cross-section of the channel can be changed. A channel 15 formed on only one side can also be advantageous if the heat exchanger is to be designed to be as flat as possible.On the other hand, the maximum flow rate of the fluid guided in the channel can be increased by a channel 16 formed on two sides.

[0045] Possible technical applications include liquid-air heat exchangers for ventilation and air conditioning, refrigeration technology and chemical reactors.

Claims

Patent claims 1. A component for transferring heat, comprising: a first plate (1) and a second plate (2), wherein both plates have at least one notch (3) in at least one notch region (5), wherein at least two partial regions (7) are formed in the notch region (5) in the first plate (1) and the second plate (2), and the first plate (1) and the second plate (2) are joined via at least one joining region (6), so that at least one non-joined and non-notch region (4) is formed, wherein the notches (3) mutually overlap, and at least one partial region (7) in the first plate (1) and at least one partial region (7) in the second plate (2) are at least partially raised, so that at least two lamellae (8) are formed,wherein the lamella (8) in the first plate (1) is positioned in the opposite direction to the lamella (8) in the second plate (2) and the at least two non-joined and non-cut regions (4) are formed as channels.

2. Component for transferring heat according to claim 1, characterized in that the first plate (1) and / or the second plate (2) are designed as sheets.

3. Component for transferring heat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first plate (1) and the second plate (2) are made of the same material.

4. Component for transferring heat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lamellae (8) are macroscopically structured, preferably wave-shaped, particularly preferably as expanded metal.

5. Component for transferring heat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first plate (1) and the second plate (2) are joined almost congruently.

6. Functional unit (9) for transferring heat which is formed from superimposed components for transferring heat according to one of the preceding claims.

7. A method for producing a component for transferring heat, wherein a first plate (1) and a second plate (2) each have at least one incision (3) which mutually overlap, wherein the first plate (1) and the second plate (2) are joined in at least one joining region (6) and the partial regions (7) are individually and sequentially at least partially erected so that at least two lamellae (8) are formed, wherein the installation angles of the individual slats (8) with respect to a longitudinal axis (10) of the panels change between positive and negative angles and the non-cut and non-joined areas (4) are formed after the installation of the partial areas (7) or directly before the installation of the partial areas (7).

8. A method for producing a component for heat transfer according to claim 7, characterized in that the partial regions (7) are set up by forming processes, preferably by bending or shear forming, particularly preferably by free bending, folding, swivel bending or twisting.

9. A method for producing a heat transfer component according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the non-joined and non-cut areas (4) are formed by internal pressure.

10. A method for producing a component for heat transfer according to one of claims 7 - 9, characterized in that by erecting a partial area (7) of the first plate (1) a recess is created in the first plate (1), wherein the subsequent erection of a partial area (7) of the second plate (2) is effected through the recess.

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