Roof assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to a roof structure, preferably an underground parking garage roof structure, comprising a bitumen material and a plastic roofing membrane arranged within the bitumen material.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a roof structure, preferably an underground parking garage roof structure, made of a bitumen material.

[0002] Such roof structures are generally known. They involve attaching bitumen sheets to a roof.

[0003] The disadvantage is that these roof structures are not watertight. If the roof structures are not watertight, water penetrating from a single point can spread further under the roof membrane.

[0004] Locating a leak is difficult in this case, which leads to high costs when repairing age-related and / or mechanical damage.

[0005] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a roof structure and a method for producing a roof structure in which protection against water run-off is ensured.

[0006] This problem is solved by the subject matter and procedure of independent claims.

[0007] According to the invention, a roof structure is provided.

[0008] The term "roof structure" is to be understood broadly and includes all sealing on roofs, preferably in both building construction and civil engineering.

[0009] Preferably, it is an underground parking garage roof structure, which can also be referred to as underground parking garage waterproofing.

[0010] The roof structure contains a bitumen material. The bitumen material can be converted into a liquid state, for example, by heating.

[0011] The roof structure includes a plastic roofing membrane located within the bitumen material. The plastic roofing membrane can also be located above the bitumen material.

[0012] The plastic roofing membrane may, for example, contain or consist of poly-vinyl chloride (PVC), flexible polyolefins (FPO) and / or thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO).

[0013] Preferably, the plastic roofing membrane is bitumen-resistant.

[0014] Because the plastic roofing membrane is placed within the bitumen material, protection against water ingress underneath is ensured.

[0015] This is therefore not a conventional waterproofing system using bitumen sheets, but rather a watertight roof construction. This offers advantages, for example, in terms of cost-benefit ratio, sustainability, and / or ease of installation.

[0016] For example, if mechanical damage occurs to the roof structure, such as the plastic roofing membrane, locating the leak is very easy due to the structure. Because the exact location of the damage can be determined, repair costs are significantly reduced.

[0017] Another advantage is that even partial areas of an underground parking garage can be made watertight, since the adjacent, leaky seal has no effect on the roof structure, as it is leak-proof.

[0018] Further developments of the invention can also be found in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the bitumen material, preferably filled, comprises or consists of elastomeric bitumen.

[0020] Preferably, the bitumen material has or consists of a hot bitumen adhesive, e.g. made from distilled bitumen.

[0021] For example, the bitumen material can be heated to 200°C and thereby liquefied.

[0022] According to another embodiment, a bitumen primer is provided, which is arranged below the bitumen material.

[0023] Preferably, the top surface of a concrete ceiling, preferably a reinforced concrete ceiling, can first be roughened, e.g. by blasting.

[0024] The bitumen primer can be applied to the roughened concrete slab, e.g., by brushing and / or spraying. For example, the concrete slab serves as a load-bearing substrate.

[0025] The liquefied bitumen material can then be applied over it, e.g. by pouring.

[0026] According to another embodiment, an insulation and / or protective layer is provided, which is arranged above the plastic roofing membrane.

[0027] This reduces energy losses. Insulation also helps ensure compliance with relevant energy efficiency and / or building regulations.

[0028] The insulation can consist of, for example, foam glass, XPS, and / or EPS materials. XPS, for instance, can be used in an inverted roof, resulting in good thermal insulation.

[0029] Preferably, the insulation and / or protective layer is in the form of panels. This allows for quick and easy installation.

[0030] A nonwoven fabric, e.g. a polyester nonwoven fabric, for example with a weight of 800 g / m², can also be used as a protective layer.

[0031] According to another embodiment, a composite sheet and / or a foil upstand is provided as a wall connection.

[0032] The composite sheet metal and / or the foil upstand form the beginnings and / or ends of the roof structure.

[0033] Preferably, the composite sheet and / or the foil upstand is tightly connected to the plastic roofing membrane, e.g. welded, to prevent the ingress of liquids.

[0034] The invention also relates to a method for producing a roof structure, preferably according to the invention.

[0035] First, a concrete slab, preferably the top surface of the concrete slab, is roughened, preferably by blasting. This is preferably done on site at the construction site.

[0036] This increases the adhesion of the roof structure to the concrete slab.

[0037] The concrete ceiling can, for example, be sandblasted and / or shot blasted.

[0038] A bitumen material is heated, for example to 200°C. This causes the bitumen material to liquefy.

[0039] A specially made cooker or oven can be used for heating, for example.

[0040] The liquefied bitumen material is then applied to the concrete slab, preferably by pouring.

[0041] The bitumen material should preferably be distributed evenly. For example, a suitable can can can be used to apply the liquid bitumen material evenly to the concrete slab.

[0042] Now a plastic roofing membrane is placed on and / or into the bitumen material, preferably still liquid and / or hot, preferably rolled up.

[0043] This results in a firm bond between the plastic roofing membrane and the bitumen material after ventilation, cooling and / or drying, thus creating a watertight seal.

[0044] When installing the plastic roofing membrane, it is preferable to ensure that the end areas of adjacent plastic membranes remain free of bitumen.

[0045] Optionally, the ends of adjacent plastic roofing membranes can be welded together. This creates a tight seal between the plastic roofing membranes.

[0046] Depending on the material of the plastic roofing membranes, a welding process using a solvent welding agent or a hot air process can be used, for example.

[0047] According to one embodiment, after roughening the concrete slab and before applying the heated bitumen material, a bitumen primer is applied to the concrete slab, preferably brushed on and / or sprayed on.

[0048] The preferably bonding bitumen primer preferably forms an adhesion bridge, which ensures optimal adhesion of the rest of the roof structure.

[0049] The liquid bitumen material is preferably applied evenly to the concrete slab treated with the bitumen primer.

[0050] In another embodiment, insulation and / or a protective layer is arranged above the plastic roofing membrane.

[0051] For example, a polyester fleece can be laid on top of the otherwise finished roof structure as an additional protective measure.

[0052] According to another embodiment, a composite sheet and / or a foil upstand is mounted as a wall connection.

[0053] Basically, there are several options for the connections and terminations: In one option, suitable composite sheets, e.g., foil-laminated sheets, are used, which are welded to the plastic roofing membrane. These are pulled over the uppermost water-bearing layer, e.g., soil or protective concrete, for a minimum of 20 cm.

[0054] The end sections of the composite sheets can be thermally welded together, for example, using a homogeneous sealing membrane.

[0055] In a second option, a membrane upstand, e.g., a suitable plastic sheet, can be mechanically attached to a wall and extended above the uppermost water-bearing layer, e.g., at least 30 cm. The membrane upstand can be attached to the building component using a suitable rail, e.g., made of aluminum. This can then optionally be sealed and / or fitted with a protective trim.

[0056] A third option can be used, for example, for terminations that do not have a rising structural element. In this case, the termination can be formed by means of a sealing overhang. This should preferably extend at least 40 cm beyond the ceiling transition and / or be attached to the structural element, for example, using a suitable clamping rail, e.g., made of aluminum, and then optionally additionally sealed.

[0057] All embodiments and components of the device described herein are preferably designed to be manufactured according to the method described herein. Furthermore, all embodiments of the device and all embodiments of the method described herein can be combined with one another, preferably also independently of the specific configuration in which they are mentioned.

[0058] It is generally noted that terms like "ein" (a) and "eine" (a / an) do not necessarily mean "exactly one" or "exactly one," although this is also possible. The terms "ein" and "eine" can therefore be understood as "at least one" or "exactly one." The use of the singular preferably includes the possibility of the components being plural, and vice versa.

[0059] It is noted that "vorzugsweise" and "bevorzugt" can be translated as "preferably" in English. A feature introduced by "vorzugsweise" or "bevorzugt" is purely optional, can be omitted, and does not constitute a limitation, for example, of claims.

[0060] The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a sectional view of an embodiment of a roof structure according to the invention, Fig. 2 a sectional view of a further embodiment of a roof structure according to the invention, and Fig. 3 a sectional view of a further embodiment of a roof structure according to the invention.

[0061] It should first be noted that the embodiments shown are purely exemplary. Individual features can be implemented not only in the combination shown, but also individually or in other technically feasible combinations. For example, the features of one embodiment can be combined with features of another embodiment in any way desired.

[0062] If a figure contains a reference numeral that is not explained in the immediately associated descriptive text, reference is made to the corresponding preceding or subsequent explanations in the figure description. Thus, the same reference numerals are used for identical or comparable components in the figures and are not explained again.

[0063] Fig. 1 shows a roof structure built on a concrete component 10, e.g. a concrete ceiling.

[0064] First, the concrete ceiling 10 can, for example, be shot-blasted. A bitumen primer 12 is then applied as a bonding agent.

[0065] Heated bitumen material 14 is applied in liquid form to the concrete slab 10 using a casting process.

[0066] Now, a plastic roofing membrane 16 is rolled into the liquid bitumen material 14. (For better visibility, the plastic roofing membrane 16 is shown in the figures slightly above the liquid bitumen material 14.)

[0067] Optionally, an insulation and / or protective layer 18, for example a fleece, e.g. with 800 g / m 2< , can be placed above the plastic roofing membrane 16.

[0068] Overall, this results in a roof structure that is protected against water ingress.

[0069] Fig. 2 shows a roof structure with a connection to a rising component 22 designed as a composite sheet 20, e.g. foil composite sheet.

[0070] In Fig. 3A roof structure with a sealing overhang on an outgoing component 24 is shown.

[0071] An aluminum rail 26 is provided, which attaches the plastic roofing membrane 16 to the outgoing component 24. Reference symbol list

[0072] 10 Concrete component, concrete slab 12 Bituminous primer 14 Bituminous material 16 Plastic roofing membrane 18 Insulation, protective layer 20 Composite sheet metal 22 Upward component 24 Downward component 26 Aluminum rail

Claims

1. Roof structure, preferably underground car park roof structure, comprising a bitumen material (14) and a plastic roofing membrane (16) arranged within the bitumen material (14).

2. Roof structure according to claim 1, characterized by that the bitumen material (14) contains or consists of elastomeric bitumen.

3. Roof structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that a bitumen primer (12) is provided, which is arranged below the bitumen material (14).

4. Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that an insulation and / or protective layer (18) is provided, which is arranged above the plastic roofing membrane (16).

5. Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a composite sheet (20) and / or a foil upstand is provided as a wall connection.

6. Method for producing a roof structure, preferably according to one of the preceding claims, in which a concrete slab (10) is roughened, preferably blasted, a bitumen material (14) is heated and applied, preferably poured, to the concrete slab (10), and a plastic roofing membrane (16) is placed on and / or into the bitumen material (14), preferably rolled in.

7. Method according to claim 6, characterized by that After roughening the concrete slab (10) and before applying the heated bitumen material (14), a bitumen primer (12) is applied to the concrete slab (10), preferably by brushing and / or spraying.

8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by that End areas of adjacent plastic roofing membranes (16) are welded together.

9. Method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by thatan insulation and / or protective layer (18) is arranged above the plastic roofing membrane (16).

10. Method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized by that a composite sheet (20) and / or a foil upstand is installed as a wall connection.

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