Vehicle safety device

Abstract

A safety device (11) for a vehicle comprises a guide portion (12) for guiding the deployment of an airbag (26), a flap (36) adapted to move between a position for closing an opening (22) of the guide portion (12), and an open position allowing the deployment of the airbag through the opening (22), and an articulation (38) of the (36) relative to the guide portion (12). The articulation (38) comprises at least two articulation tabs (1-5). A first articulation tab (1-5) is formed by a thread (46) attached to the guide portion (12) and the flap (36). A second articulation tab (1-5) is integral with the guide portion (12) and the flap (36). Abstract figure: Figure 4

Description

Title of the invention: Vehicle safety device Technical field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of airbag safety systems, in particular for vehicle passenger compartments. Such a system is conventionally used in a motor vehicle to improve the safety of the occupants. Prior art

[0002] Usually, a vehicle includes at least one safety system intended to protect the users of the vehicle in the event of an accident. The safety system is, for example, part of a dashboard of the vehicle.

[0003] The safety system comprises a safety device and an airbag module attached to the safety device. The airbag module comprises a folded airbag and an airbag inflating means. The safety device comprises a guide portion for guiding deployment of the airbag upon inflation. The guide portion comprises an opening through which the airbag is intended to deploy into a passenger compartment of the vehicle, to protect the occupants.

[0004] Generally, the opening of the guide portion is covered by a plastic flap. The flap may be overmolded by a support or form a part fixed to the support. The support is generally a dashboard or a part of the dashboard. The support may comprise for example a hatch portion (usually called a "U" configuration) or two hatch portions (usually called an "H" configuration, "I" configuration). The hatch portion is configured to open upon deployment of the airbag, in the event of an accident, a weakening line or the like surrounding the flap to allow a break in the support around the hatch portion to release the hatch.

[0005] The deployment of the airbag also causes the rotation of this hatch around a hinge axis.

[0006] Despite efforts to make this break clean, elements can be projected into the passenger compartment of the vehicle and cause damage to its occupants. In addition, the movement of the hatch part must be controlled to prevent the hatch from striking the rest of the wall that remains in place or the windshield from creating debris that could also be projected into the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Summary

[0007] The invention aims to propose a safety device which does not have at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks.

[0008] To this end, a vehicle safety device is described, comprising: - a guide portion for guiding the deployment of a safety airbag in a deployment direction, the guide portion comprising a frame delimiting an opening through which the safety airbag is intended to deploy, - at least one flap adapted to move between a closed position, in which the at least one flap at least partially covers the opening, and an open position, in which the at least one flap at least partially releases the opening, to allow deployment of the airbag through the opening, and - an articulation of each flap relative to the frame of the guide part, extending mainly in an articulation direction, each articulation comprising at least two articulation tabs, of which — at least one first articulation tab, each formed by a thread added to the guide part and the at least one flap, and — at least one second articulation tab made of the same material as the guide part and the at least one flap.

[0009] Thus, advantageously the kinematics of the opening of the flap(s) in the event of deployment of the airbag can be adapted, in particular in order to limit or even prevent dangerous projections into the passenger compartment and / or in order to optimize the deployment of the airbag.

[0010] According to preferred embodiments, the safety device comprises one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination: - the net is made of aramid or polyester; - the net is overmolded by at least one of the at least one flap and the guide part, in particular the frame, the net preferably being overmolded by the at least one flap and the guide part, in particular the frame; - each joint comprises, preferably consists of, a first joint tab and two second joint tabs, the first joint tab being arranged between the two second joint tabs in the direction of articulation; - each joint comprises, preferably consists of, two first joint tabs and a second joint tab, the second joint tab being between the two first joint tabs in the direction of articulation; - each joint comprises, preferably consists of, two first hinge tabs and three second hinge tabs, the first and second hinge tabs being alternated along the hinge direction, a second hinge tab, disposed between the two first hinge tabs, preferably being wider, in the hinge direction, than the other second hinge tabs; - the first joints are formed by a single thread, the thread extending in “U”, the core of the “U” being overmolded by a flap or the guide part, in particular the frame; - each first articulation tab comprises a first portion of thread fixed to the guide part, a second portion of thread, fixed to the flap, and a third portion of thread, free, between the first and second portions of thread; - the length of the third free thread portion of each first articulation tab is greater than or equal to, preferably strictly greater than, the length of each second articulation tab, the length of the third thread portion of each first articulation tab and of each second articulation tab being measured in a direction distinct from the direction of articulation, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the direction of articulation; - the guide part forms a channel; - the frame around the opening is formed by a collar of the guide part; - each flap comprises a length and a width, the direction of articulation corresponding to the orientation of the length of the flap; - the second hinge tabs are shaped to break before the first hinge tab, in the event of deployment of the airbag; - the thickness and / or width of each second hinge tab is less than the thickness and / or width, respectively, of each first hinge tab; - each second articulation tab has a break point; - the safety device comprises two movable flaps, preferably only two movable flaps, each movable flap being fixed to the guide part by a respective articulation, each articulation comprising at least a first articulation tab, each formed by a thread attached to the guide part and a respective flap, and at least a second articulation tab made of the same material as the guide part and the respective flap.

[0011] According to another aspect, there is also described a safety system for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a safety device as described above, in all its combinations, and an airbag module of safety device comprising at least one airbag and means for inflating the airbag, the airbag module being attached to the guide portion of the safety device such that the guide portion guides the airbag, when inflated, to the at least one flap. Brief description of the drawings

[0012] Other characteristics and advantages will appear during the following description of one of its embodiments, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings. In the drawings:

[0013] [Fig-1] schematically represents in section an example of a security system including a safety device;

[0014] [Fig.2] schematically represents a top view of a part of the device of security of [Fig.l];

[0015] [Fig.3A] schematically represents in section, a first detail of the articulation of a shutter of the safety device of [Fig.l];

[0016] [Fig.3B] schematically represents in section, a second detail of the articulation of a shutter of the safety device of [Fig.l];

[0017] [Fig.4] schematically illustrates a first variant of the articulation of the device safety shown in [Fig.l] and [Fig.2];

[0018] [Fig.5A] schematically represents in section, a first detail of the articulation of a shutter, illustrated in [Fig.4];

[0019] [Fig.5B] schematically represents in section, a second detail of the articulation of a shutter, illustrated in [Fig.4];

[0020] [Fig.6] schematically illustrates a second variant of the articulation of the device safety shown in [Fig.l] and [Fig.2]; and

[0021] [Fig.7] schematically illustrates a third variant of the articulation of the device safety shown in [Fig.l] and [Fig.2]. Description of the embodiments

[0022] For the purpose of conciseness of the present description, only the elements which are useful for understanding the embodiment described are shown in the figures and are described in detail below. In the different figures, the same references designate identical or similar elements. For the purpose of conciseness of the present description, these elements common to different figures are not described in detail with respect to each of these figures.

[0023] Reference is now made to [Fig.l], represented in a three-dimensional frame (X, Y, Z), comprising a transverse axis X, a longitudinal axis Y and a substantially vertical axis Z. In practice, the Z axis is inclined relative to the direction vertical. [Fig.l] represents an example of an airbag safety system 10, seen in section in an XZ plane. Such a safety system 10 is, in a known manner, used in a motor vehicle to improve the safety of the occupants. More particularly, such a safety system 10 is for example provided in a dashboard of the vehicle, in order to protect the passenger of the vehicle in the event of an impact.

[0024] The safety system 10 essentially comprises a safety device 11 and a safety airbag module 24 attached to the safety device 11.

[0025] The safety device 11 firstly comprises a body forming a guide portion 12 for a deploying airbag. The guide portion 12 comprises, here is made up of, a tubular portion 14, preferably substantially cylindrical, forming a firing channel 16, and a collar 18 in the vicinity of a first end 20 of the firing channel 16, forming a frame around an opening 22 at the first end 20 of the firing channel 16. Here, the guide portion 12 is in a single piece, the tubular portion 14 and the collar 18 being integral. The tubular portion 14 and therefore the firing channel 16 extend in a main direction Z.

[0026] The tubular part 14 of the guide part 12 here comprises four walls 19. The four walls 19 are parallel two by two. The walls 19 are preferably rigid. In particular, the walls 19 are self-supporting.

[0027] The guide part 12 is for example made of thermoplastic elastomer material (TPE).

[0028] The guide portion 12, in particular the tubular portion 14 of the guide portion 12, is adapted to receive the airbag module 24. The airbag module 24 comprises an airbag 26, arranged, in particular folded, in a housing 28, the airbag 26 not being inflated. The airbag module 24 may further comprise an inflation means 30 for the airbag 26, in particular an inflation cartridge 31. Alternatively, the airbag 26 of the airbag module 26 is in fluid communication with such an inflation means 30, in particular such an inflation cartridge 31, which is located outside the airbag module 24.The housing 28 of the airbag module 24 is here fixed to the firing channel, in particular by means of hooks 32 received in openings 34 of a wall 19 of the cylindrical portion 14 of the guide part 12, forming the firing channel 16. The airbag module 24 is thus fixed to a second end 17 of the firing channel 16, opposite the first end 20.

[0029] The airbag module 24 may also comprise means for triggering the inflation means 30 of the airbag 24.

[0030] The airbag module 24 is disposed in the firing channel 16 such that the airbag 26 deploys in the firing channel 16 and passes through the opening 22 at the first end 20 of the firing channel 16 when the safety system 10 is actuated.

[0031] Furthermore, the safety device 11 here comprises two flaps 36, which are fixed to the guide part 12, each by means of a respective articulation 38.

[0032] In this case, the flaps 36 are made of the same material as the guide part 12, for example TPE. However, another material can be envisaged in an alternative embodiment.

[0033] The guide portion 12 and the flaps 36 are fixed to a support wall 40, for example by welding. In particular, the guide portion 12 is fixed to the support wall 40 by the collar 18 extending around the opening 22 at the first end 20 of the firing channel 16.

[0034] The support wall 40 is for example formed by a dashboard, more precisely the cover of a dashboard of a motor vehicle. The support wall 40 may be covered with a coating forming an external surface visible to an occupant of the vehicle. A layer of foam may be interposed between the support wall 40 and the coating.

[0035] The support wall 40 has, as illustrated, three weakenings 42, 44 forming incipient ruptures of the support wall 40. Two weakenings 42 are arranged substantially in line with a respective articulation 38, in the direction of extension Z of the firing channel 16. A third weakening 44 is arranged between the two flaps 36 in the direction of extension Z of the firing channel 16. The support 40 thus forms hatch parts between the weakenings 42, 44.

[0036] In the absence of impacts on the motor vehicle equipped with the safety system 10, the flaps 36 are in the closed position as illustrated in [Fig.l], in which the flaps 36 at least partially cover the opening 22 for deployment of the airbag 26, at the first end 20 of the firing channel 16. When an impact occurs, the airbag 26 deploys, comes into contact with the flaps 36 and causes the flaps 36 to open, each flap 36 being moved following the connection formed by the respective articulation 38.

[0037] In the following, an articulation 38 is described in more detail, it being understood that the two articulations 38 may be identical or symmetrical with respect to a median YZ plane of the safety device 10.

[0038] As can be seen in particular in [Fig.2], each articulation 38 comprises, here is made up of, three articulation tabs 1, 2, 3. Each articulation 38 extends in an articulation direction A, here substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction Y. Advantageously, the articulation direction A corresponds to the direction of extension of one side of the flap 36 associated with the articulation 38 considered. Preferably, the direction of articulation A corresponds to the direction of extension of one of the two largest sides, more preferably of the largest side, of the flap 36 associated with the articulation 38 considered.

[0039] Each articulation tab 1, 2, 3 extends mainly in a direction perpendicular to the articulation direction A. Here, each articulation tab 1, 2, 3 has the shape of a rectangular strip.

[0040] A first articulation tab 1 is formed by a thread 46 overmolded by the guide part 12 and the flap 36 associated with the articulation 38. On either side of the first articulation tab 1 in the direction of the articulation axis A, the articulation 38 comprises a second and a third articulation tab 2, 3, respectively, each of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3, being integral with the guide part 12 and the flap 36 associated with the articulation. Each of the second and third hinge tabs 2, 3 thus forms a hinge 48. The hinge tabs 1, 2, 3 are arranged at a distance from each other, in the direction of articulation A. Here, the first hinge tab 1 is arranged between, in particular at an equal distance from, the second and third hinge tabs 2, 3. In the example illustrated, the second and third hinge tabs 2, 3 are identical.

[0041] The first articulation tab 1 has a width 11 greater than the width 12, 13 of each of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3. For example, the width 11 of the first articulation tab 1 is at least one and a half times greater than the width 12, 13 of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3.

[0042] As can be seen in [Fig.3A], the thread 46 forming the first articulation tab 1, comprises a first portion 46a overmolded by the guide part 12 of the safety device 10, in particular by the collar 18. The thread 46 comprises a second portion 46b overmolded by the flap 36 associated with the articulation 38. Finally, the thread 46 comprises a third portion 46c, between the first and second portions 46a, 46b, extending freely between the guide part 12 of the safety device 11 and the flap 36 associated with the articulation 38. The third portion 46c has a length, called the free thread length, denoted LU in this first example. Here, the length LU is substantially equal to the distance between the collar 18 and the flap 36. Thus, the third portion 46c of the thread 46 is here stretched between the collar 18 and the flap 36.

[0043] The thread 46 forming the first articulation tab 1 is for example made of aramid (or aromatic polyamide) or polyester.

[0044] As can be seen in [Fig.3B], each hinge 48 formed by one of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3, has a free length L12, L13 between the guide part 12 of the safety device 11, in particular the collar 18, and the flap 36. Here, the free length L12, L13 of each hinge 48 is substantially equal to the distance between the collar 18 and the flap 36. The hinge 48 is distinguished from the guide part 12 of the safety device 11 and the flap 36 by a thickness and / or a width that is significantly smaller, in particular at least five times smaller, such that the hinge 48 is substantially more flexible and deformable than the guide part 12 of the safety device 11 and / or the flap 36.

[0045] Furthermore, as can be seen in particular in [Fig.3B], each hinge 48 may have a weakening 50, here in the form of a section restriction, forming an incipient rupture 52 of the hinge 48. Preferably, this incipient rupture 52 is produced in the vicinity of the flap 36, in particular in contact with the flap 36.

[0046] When the safety device 10 is actuated, the airbag 26 deploys substantially in the direction Z of extension of the firing channel 26. The walls 19 surrounding the firing channel 16 then guide the deployment of the airbag 26 in the direction Z of extension of the firing channel 16.

[0047] The airbag 26 then comes into contact with the flaps 36, in the vicinity of the weakening 44 in the support wall 40. The airbag 26 pushing on the flaps 36 causes the support wall 40 to rupture, at the weakenings 42, 44.

[0048] Initially, the flap 36 pivots essentially around an axis parallel to the transverse direction Y, under the action of the articulation tabs 1, 2, 3. However, the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 are also deformed, thus absorbing part of the energy of the airbag 26. This reduces the speed of the airbag 26 and, at the same time, the risks of projection due to the rupture of the weakenings 42, 44.

[0049] Furthermore, it may be noted here that the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 also make it possible to stiffen the associated flap 36, which limits the deformations of the flap 36 struck by the airbag 26, likely to disturb, in particular to slow down and / or deflect, the airbag 26 during its deployment.

[0050] Advantageously, the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 of each articulation 38 are shaped to break during the movement of the flaps 36. This can be achieved in numerous ways accessible to those skilled in the art. Here, by way of example, the width 12, 13 and / or the thickness of the second and third tabs 2, 3 of each articulation 38 are chosen so that they break before the first articulation tab 1. Furthermore, here, the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 have a break incipient point 52, as mentioned previously.

[0051] It should be noted that the rupture of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 allows, just like their deformation, also to absorb energy from the flap 36, which is slowed down. This further limits the risk of projections into the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle.

[0052] Here, advantageously, the first articulation tab 1 is shaped to maintain its integrity in the event of actuation of the safety device 10.

[0053] [Fig.4], [Fig.5A] and [Fig.5B] illustrate a variant of the articulation 38, in which the free length LU, L12, L13 of each articulation tab 1, 2, 3 is greater than the distance between the guide portion 12 of the safety device 10 and the associated flap 36. Thus, a movement of the associated flap 36 is allowed in the direction of extension Z of the firing channel 16, in particular during a first stage of the deployment of the airbag 26. This can allow a more complete release of the opening 22 at the end of the firing channel 16, by the flaps 36 and / or earlier during the deployment process of the airbag 26.

[0054] Furthermore, here, the free length LU of the first articulation tab 1 is strictly greater than the length L12, L13 of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3. This increases the time between the breaking of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 and the tensioning of the thread 46 forming the first articulation tab 1. This makes it possible to further separate the flap 36 associated with the articulation 38 from the guide part 12, before the movement of the flap 36 essentially corresponds to a rotation about a transverse axis, under the effect of the tensioned thread 46.

[0055] Thus, once the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 are broken, the thrust of the airbag 26 on the flaps 36 induces a movement of each flap 36 in the direction of extension Z of the firing channel 16. The flaps 36, however, continue a rotational movement around a transverse axis, at least by inertia.

[0056] When the net 46 forming the first articulation tab 1 is in turn stretched, the movement of each flap 36 essentially corresponds to a rotation about a respective transverse axis, controlled by the first articulation tab 1. Here, advantageously, the first articulation tab 1 is shaped to maintain its integrity in the event of actuation of the safety device 10. Thus, this first articulation tab 1 is not intended to break, in order to keep the associated flap 36 fixed to the guide part 12. This avoids a projection of the flap 36 which could be very dangerous for an occupant of the motor vehicle located in the vicinity of the safety system 10. Furthermore, here, the first articulation tab 1 can be sufficiently long so that, when the rotational movement of the flap 36 takes place, the flap 36 leaves the opening 22 of the firing channel 16 completely clear.This limits the risk of tearing the airbag 26.

[0057] [Fig.6] illustrates a variant of the articulation 36 described with regard to [Fig.4], [Fig.5A] and [Fig.5B], which is distinguished in that the first articulation tab 1 is integral with the guide part 12 and the flap 36, forming a hinge 48, while the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 are formed by a thread 46. Here, a single thread 46 forms the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3, a strip of thread 54 joining the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3. Here the strip of thread 54 is overmolded by the associated flap 36. Alternatively, the strip of thread 54 is overmolded by the guide part 12, in particular by the collar 18. The production of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3 in the form of a single thread 46 facilitates the handling of these second and third articulation tabs 2, 3, and the manufacture of the safety device 10.

[0058] The central position of the hinge 48 in the articulation 38 illustrated in [Fig. 6], makes it possible in particular to stiffen the flap 36 in the vicinity of the portion of the flap 36 impacted with the greatest energy by the deploying airbag 26. This further limits the deformations of the central portion of the flap 36 struck by the airbag 26, which are likely to deflect and / or slow down the deployment of the airbag 26.

[0059] [Fig.7] illustrates a second variant of articulation 38, here consisting of five articulation tabs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The first articulation tab 1, central, is integral with the guide part 12 and the associated flap 36. As indicated previously, the hinge 48 thus formed makes it possible to stiffen the flap 36 on its central portion struck by the deploying airbag 26, with the greatest energy. The second and third articulation tabs 2, 3, immediately adjacent to the first articulation tab 1 are formed by a thread 46, here single, overmolded by the guide part 12, on the one hand, and the associated flap 36, on the other hand. The fourth and fifth articulation tabs 4, 5 are integral with the guide part 12 and the flap 36 on the other hand.Here, the width 14, 15 of the fourth and fifth hinge tabs 4, 5 is less than the width 11 of the first hinge tab 1.

[0060] Preferably, the free length of the first, fourth and fifth articulation tabs 1, 4, 5 is less than the free length of the second and third articulation tabs 2, 3. The free lengths of the first, fourth and fifth articulation tabs 1, 4, 5 are for example equal. Alternatively, the free length of the fourth and fifth articulation tabs 4, 5, which may be identical, is less than the free length of the first articulation tab 1.

[0061] This configuration makes it possible to obtain kinematics substantially identical to that obtained in the case of the example of [Fig.l], [Fig.2], [Fig.3A] and [Fig.3B], while further stiffening the flap 36 and further slowing down the flaps 36 according to the Z direction of deployment of the airbag 26, thanks to the greater number of hinges 48.

[0062] It should be noted here that the configurations of the articulations 44 illustrated in [Fig.6] and [Fig.7] are symmetrical with respect to a median plane of these articulations 44, normal to the direction of articulation A. Alternatively, however, these configurations may be asymmetrical with respect to such a median plane, normal to the direction of articulation A. Such an asymmetrical configuration of the articulation 44 may in particular make it possible to better satisfy the thrust forces generated by the airbag 26.

[0063] Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above for illustrative, non-limiting purposes.

[0064] Thus, for example, in the illustrated examples, the safety devices all comprise two symmetrical flaps. Alternatively, a safety device may comprise a single flap or more than two flaps, or even at least two asymmetrical flaps, in particular exactly two asymmetrical flaps.

[0065] Furthermore, the guide part of the safety device and the collar can be made of several separate parts, which are assembled together. The guide part of the safety device can itself be made of several parts assembled together.

[0066] Furthermore, the net may be fixed to other locations of the guide portion, in particular to one of the walls delimiting the firing channel, rather than to the collar.

Claims

Claims

1. Safety device (11) for a vehicle, comprising: - a guide portion (12) for guiding the deployment of a safety airbag (26) in a deployment direction (Z), the guide portion (12) comprising a frame (18) delimiting an opening (22) through which the safety airbag (26) is intended to deploy, - at least one flap (36) adapted to move between a closed position, in which the at least one flap (36) at least partially covers the opening (22), and an open position, in which the at least one flap (36) at least partially releases the opening (22), to allow the deployment of the safety airbag (36) through the opening (22), and - an articulation (38) of each flap (36) relative to the frame (18) of the guide portion (12), extending mainly in an articulation direction (A),each articulation (38) comprising at least two articulation tabs (1-5), including — at least one first articulation tab (1-5), each formed by a thread (46) attached to the guide part (12) and the at least one flap (36), and — at least one second articulation tab (1-5) integral with the guide part (12) and the at least one flap (36), the at least one first articulation tab (1-5) and the at least one second articulation tab (1-5) being offset along the articulation direction (A).,

2. A safety device according to claim 1, wherein the net (46) is made of aramid or polyester.

3. Safety device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the net (46) is overmolded by at least one of the at least one flap (36) and the guide part (12), in particular the frame (18), the net (46) preferably being overmolded by the at least one flap (36) and the guide part (12), in particular the frame (18).

4. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each articulation (38) comprises, preferably consists of, a first articulation tab (1-5) and two second articulation tabs (1-5), the first articulation tab (1-5) being arranged between the two second articulation tabs (1-5) in the articulation direction (A).

5. Safety device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each articulation (38) comprises, preferably consists of, two first articulation tabs (1-5) and a second articulation tab (1-5), the second articulation tab (1-5) being between the two first articulation tabs (1-5) in the articulation direction (A).

6. Safety device according to claim 5, wherein each articulation (38) comprises, preferably consists of, two first articulation tabs (1-5) and three second articulation tabs (1-5), the first and second articulation tabs (1-5) being alternated along the articulation direction (A), a second articulation tab (1-5), arranged between the two first articulation tabs (1-5), being preferably wider, in the articulation direction (A), than the other second articulation tabs (1-5).

7. Safety device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which each first articulation tab (1-5) comprises a first portion of thread (46a) fixed to the guide part (12), a second portion of thread (46b), fixed to the flap (36), and a third portion of thread (46c), free, between the first and second portions of thread (46a; 46b).

8. Safety device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the second hinge tabs (1-5) are shaped to break before the first hinge tab (1-5), in the event of deployment of the airbag (26).

9. A safety device according to claim 8, wherein the thickness and / or width of each second hinge tab (1-5) is less than the thickness and / or width, respectively, of each first hinge tab (1-5).

10. Safety device according to claim 8 or 9, in which each second hinge tab (1-5) has a breaking point (52).

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