Device and method for preparing cooling water on demand

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for preparing cooling water (1) intended to cool a product during a metallurgical transformation operation, the preparation process comprising: - a supply step (E6) of a first aqueous solution characterized by a first composition (c1) and of a second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by a second composition (c2); - a mixing phase (P3) comprising a first mixing step (E8) in which a first volume (V1) of the first aqueous solution and a second volume (V2) of the second aqueous solution are mixed, so as to produce a mixing volume (Vm1) of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition (cm1), and constituting all or part of the cooling water (1).The invention also relates to a casting method using cooling water obtained according to the preparation process and a casting device (100) comprising a preparation device (50). Figure 1.

Description

Title of the invention: Device and method for preparing cooling water on demand Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for preparing cooling water intended to cool a product during a metallurgical transformation operation and in particular for applications for casting foundry parts, for example in a method for casting a product, preferably made of aluminum alloy. The invention also relates to a casting device comprising a device for preparing cooling water. State of the art

[0002] It is known from the state of the art (Gildemeister D., Light Metals 2014, pp885-891), that the composition of cooling water intended for a metallurgical transformation process can have an effect on the cooling process. In particular, when forming a plate in semi-continuous casting, the use of cooling water with an uncontrolled and / or unsuitable composition can generate negative effects on the formation of the plate such as: cracks, splits, excessive curvatures of the foot of the plate, swellings which can block the casting process, or cause breakthroughs of liquid metal, etc.Although the influence of each parameter constituting the cooling water is not yet fully known, it has already been demonstrated that alkalinity (characterized by the alkalimetric titer (TA) and the total alkalimetric titer (TAC)), hardness (characterized for example by the hydrotimetric titer (TH)), pH, conductivity, or turbidity, have an impact on heat transfer.

[0003] Thus, there is a need to be able to vary the parameters of the cooling water in order to be able to study their effect and, if necessary, to be able to use optimized water. Indeed, there is a need to be able to control the quality of the water at the start of the semi-continuous casting and to be able to use cooling water different from the water available on the industrial site.

[0004] Furthermore, before implementing a metallurgical transformation process on an industrial scale, it is common to carry out cooling tests by simulation or by real tests, to determine the cooling conditions adapted to a given industrial water. However, once these cooling conditions have been determined, they cannot generally be transposed to all industrial waters, which makes it difficult to transfer a metallurgical transformation process from one industrial site to another industrial site.

[0005] Furthermore, given that the testing means for determining cooling conditions are not systematically present on the production site, one solution could be to carry out these tests on a site other than the production site and distant from the latter. However, this solution requires, on this other site, having available a sufficient quantity of water from the production site. The major problem with such a supply of cooling water is that a large volume is required, which involves obvious logistical and cost problems. In addition, changes in the composition of the cooling water can occur during transport.

[0006] Thus, there is a need to be able to have cooling water available on demand, for the tests implemented during the determination of the cooling conditions, which is a faithful reproduction of the cooling water which will then be used on the production site. Alternatively, there is also a need to be able to have casting cooling water with a particular composition simply for the transient phase of the start-up. However, this problem is difficult to resolve because the control and modification of the composition of a water is not easy, in particular when it concerns the concentration of dissolved CaSO4 and MgSO4 salts. Statement of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to propose a solution which responds to all or part of the aforementioned problems.

[0008] This aim can be achieved by implementing a method for preparing cooling water intended to cool a product during a metallurgical transformation operation and in particular for semi-continuous casting applications of foundry products, the preparation method comprising the following steps: - a step of providing at least one first aqueous solution characterized by a first composition and at least one second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by a second composition, said first aqueous solution and said second aqueous solution being chosen from the group consisting of: . of an industrial water solution, . of a water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, . of a solution of demineralized water, . of an aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions, - a mixing phase comprising a first mixing step in which a first volume of the first aqueous solution and a second volume of the second aqueous solution are mixed, so as to produce a volume of mixing a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition, and constituting all or part of the cooling water, said first volume of the first aqueous solution and second volume of the second aqueous solution being determined as a function of said first composition and said second composition, and such that the mixing composition tends towards a predetermined target final composition.

[0009] By “aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions” is meant a solution whose concentration of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is higher than the concentration of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions of the industrial water solution, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, or the demineralized water solution. Furthermore, and advantageously, the use of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions makes it possible to produce more easily and on demand, cooling water having a composition close to the target final composition. Indeed, the use of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is particularly advantageous when water is needed that is harder than the available industrial water, or to stabilize a water composition with respect to seasonal variations.

[0010] The arrangements described above make it possible to propose a method for preparing cooling water having a composition close to a target final composition.

[0011] The preparation process may further have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the supply step comprises the supply of a third or a fourth aqueous solution chosen distinct from each other and distinct from the first aqueous solution and from the second aqueous solution, said third or fourth aqueous solutions being chosen from the group consisting of: - the industrial water solution, - the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, - the demineralized water solution, - the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions,

[0013] In this case, the first mixing step comprises mixing the third and / or fourth aqueous solution with the first and second aqueous solutions. It is therefore understood that the phase of mixing the first volume of the first aqueous solution and the second volume of the second aqueous solution is not limiting and that it may also comprise mixing a number of volumes of distinct aqueous solutions greater than two.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the cooling water is obtained by a mixture of four volumes of aqueous solutions, each volume of aqueous solution coming respectively from the industrial water solution, the water solution treated on cationic ion exchanger, demineralized water solution, and aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the target final composition corresponds to the composition of cooling water available on an industrial production site, for example a foundry parts production site.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the preparation method comprises a first step of analyzing the composition of a target cooling water, for example a cooling water available on an industrial production site, so as to obtain the predetermined target final composition.

[0017] According to one embodiment, each of the first composition, the second composition, the mixture composition, and the target final composition is defined by at least one useful parameter selected from the group comprising a calcium concentration, a magnesium concentration, a complete alkalimetric titer, an alkalimetric titer, a hydrotimetric titer, a concentration of chloride, sulfate, sodium ions and a pH. In this case, the preparation method further comprising a calculation step in which the first volume of the first aqueous solution and the second volume of the second aqueous solution are determined as a function of said at least one useful parameter defining the first composition, of said at least one useful parameter defining the second composition, and such that said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition tends towards said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the calculation step comprises the comparison of each useful parameter with another useful parameter of the same type. For example, according to a first non-limiting variant, the calculation step makes it possible to determine the first volume of the first aqueous solution and the second volume of the second aqueous solution by comparing the complete alkalimetric titer of the first aqueous solution, the complete alkalimetric titer of the second aqueous solution, and the complete alkalimetric titer of the cooling water. It is therefore clearly understood that each useful parameter is compared with another useful parameter of the same type during the calculation step.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the calculation step is implemented by a calculation unit configured to calculate the first volume of the first aqueous solution and the second volume of the second aqueous solution so as to minimize a difference between said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition and said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition. Thus, and advantageously, the calculation unit makes it possible to make priority choices on the precision of one of the useful parameters compared to others. In this way, it is possible to implement the preparation method in the case where there is no unique or exact mathematical solution for the preparation of cooling water having a composition close to the target final composition.

[0020] According to one embodiment, each of the first composition, the second composition, the mixture composition, and the target final composition, is defined by a plurality of useful parameters, the calculation step can then be implemented by weighting each useful parameter of said plurality of useful parameters by a weighting coefficient.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the mixing phase comprises: - a step of controlling the mixture composition, in which an intermediate value of said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition is determined, so as to calculate an initial difference between said intermediate value and a target value of said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition - in the case where the initial deviation is greater than a threshold deviation, the mixing phase comprises a second mixing step in which at least one correction element chosen from the group consisting of a volume of the industrial water solution, a volume of the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, a volume of the demineralized water solution, a volume of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions, a mass of salt, and a mass of pH correctors, is mixed with the mixing solution so as to produce a corrected mixing volume of a corrected mixing solution characterized by a corrected mixing composition which is defined by at least one useful parameter, said at least one correction element being chosen so that a corrected deviation between a corrected value of said at least one useful parameter defining the corrected mixing composition and said target value is less than the initial deviation.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the second mixing step is implemented as long as the corrected deviation is greater than the threshold deviation. According to one embodiment, the control step comprises determining the corrected deviation. According to one embodiment, the threshold deviation may be equal to 10% of the target value.

[0023] According to one embodiment, at least one mixing step among the first mixing step and the second mixing step is implemented so as to maintain the corrected mixing solution at a temperature between 10°C and 35°C, preferably between 12°C and 30°C.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the preparation method further comprises a step of providing at least one addition element chosen from the group comprising salts and pH correctors, the first mixing step further comprising mixing a mass of addition element, said mass of addition element being determined as a function of the first composition and the second composition, and the final target composition.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the salts and pH correctors comprise: sodium chloride NaCl, sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3, sodium carbonate Na2CO3, calcium chloride CaCl2, magnesium sulfate MgSO4, magnesium chloride MgCl2, and sodium bromide NaBr.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the mass of additive element is diluted in an aqueous solution before the first mixing step during a dilution step. For example, the mass of additive element can be diluted in a portion of the demineralized water solution.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger is a decarbonated water obtained according to the following steps: - a step of providing a cation exchanger comprising a weak cationic resin, said cation exchanger being configured to vary between a regenerated configuration in which said weak cationic resin is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ and a charged configuration in which said weak cationic resin constitutes a reserve of divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+; - a weak cationic resin loading step in which part of the industrial water solution circulates in the cation exchanger to vary it from the regenerated configuration to the loaded configuration; - a degassing step in which water leaving the cation exchanger is degassed, so as to obtain decarbonated water.

[0028] According to one embodiment, said weak cationic resin is capable of capturing divalent calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ cations bound to carbonate or bicarbonate ions. In this case, the degassing step comprises the degassing of water loaded with dissolved carbonic acid (originating from calcium and magnesium carbonates and bicarbonates) leaving the cation exchanger. According to one embodiment, the degassing step is implemented naturally, leaving the water leaving the cation exchanger in the open air. According to one embodiment, the degassing step is implemented in a degassing column. According to one embodiment, the degassing step is implemented by subjecting the water leaving the cation exchanger to successive cascades, or by mixing, stirring, bubbling, or by using a trickle degassing column into which air is injected countercurrently.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger is a permuted water obtained according to the following steps: - a step of providing a cation exchanger comprising a strong cationic resin, said cation exchanger being configured to vary between a regenerated configuration in which said strong cationic resin is capable of capturing cations divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ and a charged configuration in which said strong cationic resin constitutes a reserve of divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+; - a loading step on strong cationic resin in which part of the industrial water solution circulates in the cation exchanger to vary it from the regenerated configuration to the loaded configuration, and so as to obtain the permuted water, free of Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations.

[0030] According to one embodiment, said strong cationic resin is capable of capturing divalent calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ cations bound to carbonate or bicarbonate ions. The use of strong cationic resin to obtain the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger is advantageous in the case where the industrial water solution is not very calcareous and has a low alkalinity. It is possible to use a salt regeneration mode (softener type) or a dilute strong acid regeneration mode (cations completely exchanged by H3O+ ions). In the case where a salt regeneration mode is used, such as NaCl or Na2SO4, the exchanged water can also be called “softened water”. Softened water is water in which the Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations have been replaced by Na+ from the resin.In the case where a dilute strong acid regeneration method is used, the permuted water can also be called "water whose cations are all permuted by hydronium ions H3O+". This water is water in which the Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations have been replaced by hydronium ions H3O+ from the resin.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the step of charging on weak or strong cationic resin comprises a step of detecting the charge level, in which a measurement of the variation of the pH or of another parameter of the water present at the outlet of the cation exchanger is carried out, so as to deduce therefrom (for example for future cycles) the charge level of the cation exchanger at any time.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the demineralized water solution is obtained by a demineralization step in which a portion of the decarbonated water or permuted water solution is demineralized by a reverse osmosis or ion exchange process on a demineralization resin so as to obtain the demineralized water solution. The demineralization process conventionally comprises a permutation operation on a strong cationic resin, degassing and an anion permutation operation on one or two anionic resins (depending on the composition of the water and in particular its alkalinity). Preferably, if permuted water obtained by a dilute strong acid regeneration technique is used, the permutation step on a cationic resin is not necessary to obtain the demineralized water.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is obtained during an elution step in which a strong acid is circulated. in the cation exchanger, so that Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions captured by the weak cation resin or by the strong cation resin are dissolved, so as to produce the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the elution step comprises a measuring step in which a pH of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is measured, so as to optimize the quantity of acid used, and so as to optimize the regeneration of the cation exchanger.

[0035] According to one embodiment, a quantity of strong acid added during the elution step is defined relative to a volume of weak or strong cationic resin to be treated. Such a quantity of strong acid may, for example, be part of the technical data of the cationic resin used, said data specifying the volume and concentration of strong acid necessary to regenerate said cationic resin.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is obtained by withdrawing a partial quantity of the solution obtained during the elution step. For example, such a partial quantity may correspond to a quantity of water produced at the start of the elution step. In this case, the remainder of the water produced during the elution step necessary for the regeneration of the cation exchanger is then treated and rejected. In this way, it is possible to control and limit the excess of strong acid with the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions when the weak or strong cationic resin is completely regenerated. According to one embodiment, the strong acid is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, preferably diluted between 2 and 10% in water.In case the strong acid is sulfuric acid, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions obtained in the elution step contains dissolved CaSO4 and MgSO4 salts.

[0037] According to one embodiment, the elution step is carried out after the loading step on weak cationic resin or after the loading step on strong cationic resin. It is therefore well understood that the elution and loading steps make it possible to alternately vary the cation exchanger between the regenerated configuration and the loaded configuration.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the preparation method further comprises a second analysis step in which at least one useful parameter of the industrial water solution chosen from the group comprising a calcium concentration, a magnesium concentration, a complete alkalimetric titer, an alkalimetric titer, a hydrotimetric titer, and a pH is measured.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the second analysis step can be implemented to determine a useful parameter of the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, or on the demineralized water solution, or on the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions.

[0040] The arrangements described above make it possible to choose the aqueous solution(s) having the most suitable composition to serve as a basis for the manufacture of a mixing solution having a mixing composition which tends towards the target final composition.

[0041] The aim of the invention can also be achieved by the use of cooling water obtained according to the preparation method described above, and characterized by said target final composition, to cool a product in a metallurgical transformation step, such as casting, quenching, or hot rolling.

[0042] The aim of the invention can also be achieved by implementing a method for casting a product, preferably made of aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps: - (a) a bath of liquid metal is prepared, preferably made of an aluminium alloy comprising, in % by weight, Cu: 0 - 6.0; Mg: 0- 8; Si 0-12; Zn 0 - 12; others < 3 each and < 10 in total, remainder aluminium, - (b) said liquid metal is cast, preferably by vertical semi-continuous casting in such a way that, during a casting start-up phase, a first cooling water characterized by a first final composition obtained according to the preparation method described above is used.

[0043] The casting process may further have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the casting method comprises a steady-state casting phase at the end of the casting start-up phase, characterized in that during the steady-state casting phase, a second cooling water characterized by a second final composition is used, optionally this second cooling water is obtained according to the preparation method. According to one embodiment, the second cooling water is the industrial water solution.

[0045] Finally, the aim of the invention can also be achieved by implementing a casting device comprising a device for preparing cooling water, said preparation device comprising a mixing unit configured to receive a first aqueous solution characterized by a first composition and a second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by a second composition, said first aqueous solution and said second aqueous solution being chosen from the group consisting of: - an industrial water solution, - a water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, - a solution of demineralized water, - an aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions, said mixing unit being further configured to mix a first volume of said first aqueous solution and a second volume of said second aqueous solution, so as to manufacture a mixing volume of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition and constituting all or part of the cooling water, said first volume of the first aqueous solution and second volume of the second aqueous solution being determined as a function of said first composition and said second composition, and so that the mixing composition tends towards a predetermined target final composition.

[0046] The casting device may further have one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the mixing unit is configured to mix a number of volumes of aqueous solutions greater than or equal to two.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the preparation device comprises at least one reservoir chosen from: - a first tank configured to receive the industrial water solution; - a second tank configured to receive the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger; - a third tank configured to receive the demineralized water solution; - a fourth reservoir configured to receive the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the use of the first tank, the second tank, the third tank, and the fourth tank can be replaced by a continuous in-line mixing process. By continuous in-line mixing process is meant the possibility of carrying out the mixing of the aqueous solutions directly in a piping system, feed or by inserting a static mixer or low volume mixing reactor.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the mixing unit is further configured to receive at least one addition element chosen from the group comprising salts and pH correctors, and to mix a mass of addition element with the mixing solution, said mass of addition element being determined as a function of the first composition, the second composition, and the target final composition.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the preparation device further comprises an addition element storage unit configured to store said at least one addition element.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the casting device further comprises a calculation unit configured to determine the first volume of the first aqueous solution and the second volume of the second aqueous solution as a function of a parameter useful parameter defining the first composition, of a useful parameter defining the second composition, and such that a useful parameter defining the mixture composition tends towards a useful parameter defining the target final composition.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the casting device further comprises a cation exchanger comprising an active material, said cation exchanger being configured to vary between a charged configuration in which divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ are bound to the active material, and a regenerated configuration in which the active material is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+, said cation exchanger comprising means for connecting it to the mixing unit. According to one embodiment, the cation exchanger comprises a weak cation resin. According to one embodiment, the cation exchanger comprises a strong cation resin.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the cation exchanger comprises means allowing it to be connected to at least one reservoir, for example the first reservoir, the second reservoir, the third reservoir, or the fourth reservoir.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the casting device further comprises a reverse osmosis unit or an ion exchanger on demineralization resin, said reverse osmosis unit or said ion exchanger comprising means allowing it to be connected to the mixing unit and to the cation exchanger.

[0056] According to one embodiment, said reverse osmosis system or said ion exchanger on demineralization resin comprises means allowing it to be connected to at least one reservoir, for example the first reservoir, the second reservoir, the third reservoir, or the fourth reservoir.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the preparation device comprises a strong acid supply, said strong acid supply being configured to be connected to the cation exchanger.

[0058] According to one embodiment, the casting device further comprises an analysis unit configured to measure at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising: a calcium concentration, a magnesium concentration, a complete alkalimetric titer, an alkalimetric titer, a hydrotimetric titer, and the pH.

[0059] According to one embodiment, the mixing unit comprises a temperature control system comprising a temperature sensor configured to measure a mixing temperature corresponding to the temperature of the mixing solution, said temperature control system being configured to maintain the mixing temperature between 10°C and 35°C, preferably between 12°C and 30°C.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the temperature control system comprises heating means configured to heat the mixing unit, when the mixing temperature is less than or equal to 10°C, preferably less than 12°C.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the temperature control system comprises cooling means configured to cool the mixing unit, when the mixing temperature is greater than or equal to 35°C, preferably 30°C. Description of the figures

[0062] Other aspects, aims, advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of non-limiting example, and made with reference to the appended drawings in which: [Fig.l] [Fig.l] is a schematic view of the casting device comprising a preparation device according to a particular embodiment of the invention. [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a schematic view of certain elements of the casting device for preparing aqueous solutions, according to a particular embodiment of the invention. [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a schematic view of the steps of the preparation process according to a particular embodiment of the invention. Detailed description

[0063] In the figures and in the remainder of the description, the same references represent identical or similar elements. In addition, the different elements are not shown to scale so as to enhance the clarity of the figures. Furthermore, the different embodiments and variants are not mutually exclusive and can be combined with each other.

[0064] As illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention relates to a method for preparing cooling water 1 intended to cool a product during a metallurgical transformation operation and in particular for casting applications of foundry parts. The invention also relates to the use of cooling water 1 obtained according to this preparation method, for cooling a product in a metallurgical transformation step, such as casting, quenching, or hot rolling. [Fig.l] represents in particular a method for casting a product, preferably made of aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps: - (a) a bath of liquid metal is prepared, preferably made of an aluminium alloy comprising, in % by weight, Cu: 0 - 6.0; Mg: 0- 8; Si 0-12; Zn 0 - 12; others < 3 each and < 10 in total, remainder aluminium, and - (b) said liquid metal is cast, preferably by vertical semi-continuous casting in such a way that, during a solidification start-up phase, a first cooling water is used, characterized by a first target final composition cfa obtained according to the preparation method which will be described more precisely below. After.

[0065] Preferably, an aluminum alloy of the AAlxxx or AA2xxx or AA3xxx or AA4xxx or AA5xxx or AA6xxx or AA7xxx series is cast.

[0066] By way of non-limiting examples, examples of AAlxxx series aluminum alloys for use in the methods described herein may include AAI 100, AA1100A, AA1200, AA1200A, AA1300, AAI 110, AAI 120, AA1230, AA1230A, AA1235, AA1435, AAI 145, AA1345, AA1445, AAI 150, AA1350, AA1350A, AA1450, AA1370, AA1275, AAI 185, AA1285, AA1385, AAI 188, AAI 190, AA1290, AAI 193, AAI 198 or AAI 199.

[0067] Non-limiting examples of AA2xxx series aluminum alloys for use in the methods described herein may include AA2001, A2002, AA2004, AA2005, AA2006, AA2007, AA2007A, AA2007B, AA2008, AA2009, AA2010, AA2011, AA2011A, AA2111, AA2111A, AA2111B, AA2012, AA2013, AA2014, AA2014A, AA2214, AA2015, AA2016, AA2017, AA2017A, AA2117, AA2018, AA2218, AA2618, AA2618A, AA2219, AA2319, AA2419, 2022,AA, AA24,20 AA2124, AA2224, AA2224A, AA2324, AA2424, AA2524, AA2624, AA2724, AA2824, AA2025, AA2026, AA2027, AA2028, AA2028A, AA2028B, AA2028C, AA2029, AA2030, AA2031, AA2032, AA2034, AA2036, AA2037, AA2038, AA2039, AA2139, AA2040, AA2041, AA2044, AA2045, AA2050, AA2055, AA2056, AA2060, AA2065, AA2070, AA2076, AA2090, AA2091, AA2094, AA2095, AA2195, AA2295, AA2196, AA2296, AA2097, AA2197, AA2297, AA2397, AA2098, AA2198, AA2099, or AA2199.

[0068] Examples of non-limiting AA3xxx series aluminum alloys for use in the methods described herein may include AA3002, AA3102, AA3003, AA3103, AA3103A, AA3103B, AA3203, AA3403, AA3004, AA3004A, AA3104, AA3204, AA3304, AA3005, AA3005A, AA3105A, AA3105B, AA3007, AA3107, AA3207, AA3207A, AA3307, AA3009, AA3010, AA3110, AA3011, AA3012, AA3012A, AA3013, AA3014, AA3015, AA3016, AA3017, AA3018, AA3019, AA3020, AA3021, AA3022, AA3023, AA3024, AA3025, AA3026, AA3027, AA3028, AA3029, AA3030, AA3031, AA3032, AA3033, AA3034, AA3035, AA3036, AA3037, AA3038, AA3039, AA3040, AA3041, AA3042, AA3043, AA3044, AA3045, AA3046, AA3047, AA3048, AA3049, AA3050, AA3051, AA3052, AA3053, AA3054, AA3055, AA3056, AA3057, AA3058, AA3059, AA3060, AA3061, AA3062, AA3063, AA30, AA30, AA30 or AA3065.

[0069] Non-limiting examples of AA4xxx series aluminum alloys for use in the methods described herein may include AA4004, AA4104, AA4006, AA4007, AA4008, AA4009, AA4010, AA4013, AA4014, AA4015, AA4015A, AA4115, AA4016, AA4017, AA AA4019, AA4020, AA4021, AA4026, AA4032, AA4043, AA4043A, AA4143, AA4343, AA4643, AA4943, AA4044, AA4045, AA4145, AA4145A, AA4046, AA4047, AA4047A, or AA44

[0070] Non-limiting aluminum alloys from the AA5xxx series are used in the procedural documents that may include AA5182, AA5183, AA5005, AA5005A, AA5205, AA5305, AA5505, AA5605, AA5006, AA5106, AA5010, AA5110, AA5110A, AA5210, AA5310, AA5016, AA5017, AA5018, AA5018A, AA5019, AA5019A, AA5119, AA5119A, AA5021, AA5022, AA5023, AA5024, AA5026, AA5027, AA5028, AA5040, AA5140, AA5041, AA5042, AA5043, AA5049, AA5149, AA5249, AA5349, AA5449, AA5449A, AA5050, AA5050A, AA5050C, AA5150, AA5051, AA5051A, AA5151, AA5251, AA5251A, AA5351, AA5451, AA5052, AA5252, AA5352, AA5154, AA5154A, AA5154B, AA5154C, AA5254, AA5354, AA5454, AA5554, AA5654, AA5654A, AA5754, AA5854, AA5954, AA5056, AA5356, AA5356A, AA5456, AA5456A, AA5456B, AA5556, AA5556A, AA5556B, AA5556C, AA5257, AA5457, AA5557, AA5657, AA5058, AA5059, AA5070, AA5180, AA5180A, AA5082, AA5182, AA5083, AA5183, AA5183A, AA5283, AA5283A, AA5283B, AA5383, AA5483, AA5086, AA5186, AA5087, AA5187, or AA5088.

[0071] Non-limiting examples of AA6001 series aluminum alloys for use in the methods described herein may include AA6101, AA6101 A, AA6101B, AA6201, AA6201A, AA6401, AA6501, AA6002, AA6003, AA6103, AA6005, AA6005A, AA6005B, AA6005C, AA6105, AA6205, AA6305, AA6006, AA6106, AA6206, AA6306, AA6008, AA6009, AA6010, AA6110, AA6110A, AA6011, AA6111, AA6012, AA6012A, AA6013, AA6113, AA6014, AA6015, AA6016, AA6016A, AA6116, AA6018, AA6019, AA6020, AA6021, AA6022, AA6023, AA6024, AA6025, AA6026, AA6027, AA6028, AA6031, AA6032, AA6033, AA6040, AA6041, AA6042, AA6043, AA6151, AA6351, AA6351A, AA6451, AA6951, AA6053, AA6055, AA6056, AA6156, AA6060, AA6160, AA6260, AA6360, AA6460, AA6460B, AA6560, AA6660, AA6061, AA6061A, AA6261, AA6361, AA6162, AA6262, AA6262A, AA6063, AA6063A, AA6463, AA6463A, AA6763, AA6963, AA6064, AA6064A, AA6065, AA6066, AA6068, AA6069, AA6070, AA6081, AA6181, AA6181A, AA6082, AA6082A, AA6182, AA6091, or AA6092.

[0072] Examples of non-limiting AA7xxx series aluminum alloys for use in the methods described herein may include AA7011, AA7019, AA7020, AA7021, AA7039, AA7072, AA7075, AA7085, AA7108, AA7108A, AA7015, AA7017, AA7018, AA7019A, AA7024, AA7025, AA7028, AA7030, AA7031, AA7033, AA7035, AA7035A, AA7046, AA7046A, AA7003, AA7004, AA7005, AA7009, AA7010, AA7011, AA7012, AA7014, AA7016, AA7116, AA7122, AA7023, AA7026, AA7029, AA7129, AA7229, AA7032, AA7033, AA7034, AA7036, AA7136, AA7037, AA7040, AA7140, AA7041, AA7049, AA7049A, AA7149,7204, AA7249, AA7349, AA7449, AA7050, AA7050A, AA7150, AA7250, AA7055, AA7155, AA7255, AA7056, AA7060, AA7064, AA7065, AA7068, AA7168, AA7175, AA7475, AA7076, AA7178, AA7278, AA7278A, AA7081, AA7181, AA7185, AA7090, AA7093, AA7095, or AA7099.

[0073] As illustrated in the non-limiting example of [Fig.l], the casting process may comprise a steady-state phase c at the end of the casting start-up phase, characterized in that during the steady-state casting phase c, a second cooling water is used. The second cooling water 1b is characterized by a second target final composition cfb. For example, this second cooling water 1b may also be obtained according to the preparation method which will be described in more detail below. Alternatively, the second cooling water 1b may correspond to an industrial water solution 3.

[0074] Figures 1 to 3 represent a non-limiting example of a preparation method according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

[0075] The preparation method may in particular comprise a first step E1 of analysis of the composition of a target cooling water 1. For example, said target cooling water 1 may correspond to a cooling water 1 available on an industrial production site (outside the production site envisaged for the cooling water 1). This analysis step makes it possible to obtain a predetermined final target composition CFC corresponding to the cooling water 1 of said industrial site. In general, the determination of a composition, and therefore of the final target composition CFC, corresponds to the determination of at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising a calcium concentration THCa, a magnesium concentration THMg, a complete alkalimetric titer TAC, an alkalimetric titer TA, a hydrotimetric titer TH, a concentration of chloride ions CCI, sulfates CS, bromides CBr, sodium CNa, and a pH.

[0076] The preparation method also comprises a step E6 of providing at least one first aqueous solution characterized by a first composition c1 and at least one second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by a second composition c2, said first aqueous solution and said second aqueous solution being chosen from the group consisting of: - an industrial water solution 3, - a water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, - a solution of demineralized water 7, - an aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9.

[0077] In the same way as for the final target composition cfc, the first composition cl, and the second composition c2 are defined by at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising a calcium concentration THCa, a magnesium concentration THMg, a complete alkalimetric titer TAC, an alkalimetric titer TA, a hydrotimetric titer TH, a concentration of chloride ions CCI, sulfates CS, bromides CBr, sodium CNa, and a pH. The compositions cl and c2 are different.

[0078] According to the invention, in one embodiment, the first aqueous solution and the second aqueous solution can be both an industrial water solution or a water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger or an aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions, the compositions cl and c2 being however different.

[0079] [Fig.2] illustrates more particularly different ways of obtaining the four solutions cited above.

[0080] The industrial water solution 3 corresponds, for example, to water present on an industrial site on which the preparation method that is the subject of the invention is implemented. It is possible that this industrial site is a site separate from the industrial site on which the target cooling water is available. For example, the target cooling water may correspond to industrial water available on a site on which the casting process will be implemented on a large scale. The industrial water solution 3 may, for its part, correspond to industrial water present on an industrial site for developing the casting process. The industrial water solution 3 may also come from pumping from the water table, then treated by different stages such as iron removal, and / or filtration, and / or red-ox stabilization, to be stable and usable for the industrial needs of the site.The industrial water solution 3 may also come from a basin allowing the recycling of water by cooling (for example using a cooling tower or a refrigeration unit). Thus, it may therefore be advantageous for the preparation method to comprise a second analysis step E2 in which at least one useful parameter of said industrial water solution 3 chosen from the group comprising a calcium concentration THCa, a magnesium concentration THMg, a complete alkalimetric titer TAC, an alkalimetric titer TA, a hydrotimetric titer TH, a concentration of chloride ions CCI, sulfates CS, bromides CBr, sodium CNa, and a pH is measured.Such a second analysis step E2 can also be implemented to determine at least one useful parameter of the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, and / or to determine at least one useful parameter of the demineralized water solution 7, and / or to determine at least one useful parameter of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9. Thus, it is possible to choose the aqueous solution(s) having the most suitable composition to serve as a basis for the manufacture of a mixture solution having a mixture composition cml which tends towards the target final composition cfc.

[0081] In the remainder of the description, when reference is made to "aqueous solutions", this includes the group consisting of the industrial water solution 3, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, the demineralized water solution 7, and the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9.

[0082] The water solution treated on cationic ion exchanger 5 can be obtained according to two methods described below.

[0083] According to a first non-limiting variant, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5 is a decarbonated water obtained according to the following steps: - a step E30 of providing a cation exchanger 20 comprising a weak cationic resin 21, said cation exchanger 20 being configured to vary between a regenerated configuration in which said weak cationic resin 21 is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ and a charged configuration in which said weak cationic resin 21 constitutes a reserve of divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+; - a loading step on weak cationic resin E32 in which a part of the industrial water solution 3 circulates in the cation exchanger 20 to vary it from the regenerated configuration to the loaded configuration; - a degassing step E34 in which water leaving the cation exchanger 20 is degassed, so as to obtain decarbonated water.

[0084] The degassing step E34 can for example be implemented naturally, by leaving the water leaving the cation exchanger 20 in the open air. Alternatively, the degassing step E34 can be implemented in a degassing column 24. According to a third possibility, the degassing step E34 can be implemented by subjecting the water leaving the cation exchanger 20 to successive cascades, or by mixing, stirring, bubbling, or by using a trickle degassing column 24 into which air is injected in countercurrent.

[0085] According to a second non-limiting variant, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5 is a permuted water obtained according to the following steps: - a step E31 of providing a cation exchanger 20 comprising a strong cationic resin 23, said cation exchanger 20 being configured to vary between a regenerated configuration in which said strong cationic resin 23 is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ and a charged configuration in which said strong cationic resin 23 constitutes a reserve of divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+; - a loading step on strong cationic resin E33 in which a part of the industrial water solution 3 circulates in the cation exchanger 20 to vary it from the regenerated configuration to the loaded configuration, and so as to obtain the permuted water.

[0086] According to one embodiment, the charging step E32, E33 comprises a charging level detection step, in which a measurement of the variation of the pH or of another parameter of the water present at the outlet of the cation exchanger 20 is carried out, so as to deduce therefrom (for example for future cycles) the charging level of the cation exchanger 20 at any time.

[0087] In the case where the industrial water solution 3 is not very calcareous, it is advantageous to obtain the water solution treated on cationic ion exchanger 5 by a cation exchanger 20 using a strong cationic resin active material 23.

[0088] The demineralized water solution can be obtained by any method known from the state of the art. According to the principle of the invention, in a preferred embodiment, the demineralized water solution 7 can be obtained by a demineralization step E41 in which a portion of the decarbonated water or permuted water solution is demineralized by a reverse osmosis process 27 or ion exchange on a series of demineralization resins (cationic / anionic) 25 so as to obtain the demineralized water solution 7.

[0089] According to one embodiment, the demineralized water solution 7 can be obtained by a charging step E33 so as to exchange the cations with Hydronium ions H3O+ on the strong cationic resin, followed by a demineralization step E41 on resins 25 in which a portion of the water whose cations are already exchanged with H3O+ will be treated simply on a series of anionic resins 25. A preliminary degassing can be carried out before passing over anionic resins 25.

[0090] Finally, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 is obtained during an elution step E43 in which a strong acid 11 is circulated in the cation exchanger 20, so that Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions captured by the weak cation resin 21 or by the strong cation resin 23 are dissolved, so as to produce the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9. Generally, the strong acid 11 is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid preferably diluted to a concentration between 2 and 10% in water. In the particular case where the strong acid 11 is a sulfuric acid, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 obtained in the elution step E43 also contains dissolved CaSO4 and MgSO4 salts. These salts are particularly interesting to obtain because they avoid the use of addition elements containing sulfur.

[0091] Advantageously, the elution step E43 is implemented after the charging step E32, E33. It is therefore well understood that the elution steps E43, and the charging steps E32, E33, make it possible to alternately vary the cation exchanger 20 between the regenerated configuration and the charged configuration.

[0092] According to one embodiment, the elution step E43 may comprise a measurement step E45 in which a pH of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 is measured. Indeed, since the elution step E43 is implemented by circulating a strong acid in the cation exchanger 20, it is possible to find traces of strong acid 11 in the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9, which can contribute to reducing its pH. In order to better control the composition of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9, it is therefore preferable to guarantee the absence of strong acid 11 in this solution. To avoid this, it is possible to provide that a quantity of strong acid 11 added during the elution step E43 is defined relative to a volume of weak cationic resin 21 or strong cationic resin 23 to be treated. Such a quantity of strong acid 11 may for example be part of the technical data of the cationic resin 21, 23 used, said data specifying the volume and concentration of strong acid 11 necessary to regenerate said cationic resin 21, 23. In this way, it is possible to prevent the mixing of the strong acid 11 with the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 when the weak cationic resin 21 or strong cationic resin 23 is completely regenerated. Alternatively, the measuring step E45 can be implemented by measuring a parameter other than the pH, such as for example the measurement of the conductivity. In this way, it is possible to know and control a possible excess of strong acid 11 during the elution step E43.

[0093] With reference to [Fig. 1], the preparation method may further comprise a step E51 of providing at least one addition element chosen from the group comprising salts 13 and pH correctors 15. The salts 13 and pH correctors 15 may in particular comprise: sodium chloride NaCl, sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3, sodium carbonate Na2CO3, calcium chloride CaCl2, magnesium sulfate MgSO4, magnesium chloride MgCl2, and sodium bromide NaBr. A mass denoted “m” of addition elements may then be diluted in an aqueous solution during a dilution step E53 to form an addition solution. For example, the mass m of addition element can be diluted in a part of the demineralized water solution 7. In the case where several addition elements are added, it is possible to produce several addition solutions, each corresponding to a diluted addition element.In this case, several masses mj corresponding to each addition element j are diluted in an aqueous solution.

[0094] Referring again to the supply step E6, it is understood that this supply step E6 of the first aqueous solution and the second aqueous solution is not limiting and that it may also comprise the supply of a number of volumes of distinct aqueous solutions greater than two. Thus, the supply step E6 may comprise the supply of a third or a fourth aqueous solution chosen distinct from each other and distinct from the first aqueous solution and the second aqueous solution, said third or fourth aqueous solutions being chosen from the group consisting of: - the industrial water solution 3, - the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, - the demineralized water solution 7, - the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9.

[0095] The preparation method may then comprise a calculation step E7 in which a first volume V1 of the first aqueous solution and a second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution are determined as a function of said at least one useful parameter defining the first composition cl, and of said at least one useful parameter defining the second composition c2. In the case where salts 13 and pH correctors 15 are made available during step E51, the calculation step E7 also aims to determine the mass m of addition element as a function of the first composition cl, the second composition c2, and the final target composition cfc. As indicated previously, the determination of a first volume VI of a first aqueous solution, and of a second volume V2 of a second aqueous solution is not limiting, and the calculation step E7 may also comprise the determination of a third volume V3 of a third aqueous solution characterized by a third composition c3, and of a fourth volume V4 of a fourth aqueous solution characterized by a fourth composition c4.

[0096] These volumes VI, V2, V3, and V4 of aqueous solutions, and this mass m are intended to be mixed during a mixing phase P3 which will be described later, and so as to produce a mixing volume Vml of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition cml which can also be defined by at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising a calcium concentration THCa, a magnesium concentration THMg, a complete alkalimetric titer TAC, an alkalimetric titer TA, a hydrotimetric titer TH, a concentration of chloride ions CCI, sulfates CS, bromides CBr, sodium CNa, and a pH.

[0097] The calculation step E7 therefore aims to determine the volumes of aqueous solution VI, V2, V3, and V4, and the mass m so that said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition cml tends towards said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition cfc. It is therefore well understood that depending on the calculation step, the volumes VI, V2, V3, or V4 may be zero and that the mass m may be zero.

[0098] According to one embodiment, the calculation step E7 can be implemented by comparing each useful parameter with another useful parameter of the same type. For example, according to a first non-limiting variant, the calculation step E7 makes it possible to determine the first volume VI of the first aqueous solution and the second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution by comparing the complete alkalimetric titer TAC of the first aqueous solution, the complete alkalimetric titer TAC of the second aqueous solution, and the complete alkalimetric titer TAC of the cooling water 1. Thus, each useful parameter can be compared with another useful parameter of the same type during the calculation step E7.

[0099] According to one embodiment, the calculation step E7 is implemented by a calculation unit 30 configured to calculate the first volume VI of the first solution aqueous and the second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution so as to minimize a difference between said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition cml and said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition cfc. Furthermore, and advantageously, the calculation unit 30 makes it possible to make priority choices on the precision of one of the useful parameters compared to others. In this way, it is possible to implement the preparation method in the case where there is no unique or exact mathematical solution for the preparation of the cooling water 1 having a composition close to the target final composition cfc.

[0100] According to one embodiment, each of the first composition cl, the second composition c2, the mixture composition cml, and the final target composition cfc, is defined by a plurality of useful parameters, the calculation step E7 can then be implemented by weighting each useful parameter of said plurality of useful parameters by a weighting coefficient.

[0101] The preparation method finally comprises the mixing phase P3 comprising a first mixing step E8 in which the first volume VI of the first aqueous solution and the second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution are mixed, so as to produce the mixing volume Vml of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition cml. This mixing solution then constitutes all or part of the cooling water 1.

[0102] It is well understood that said first volume VI of the first aqueous solution and second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution are determined during the calculation step E7, as a function of said first composition cl and said second composition c2, and so that the mixture composition cml tends towards the predetermined target final composition cfc.

[0103] As in the supply step E6, the mixing phase P3 is not limited to the first volume VI of the first aqueous solution and to the second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution and may also comprise the mixing of a number of volumes of distinct aqueous solutions greater than two. For example, the supply step E6 may comprise the mixing of the third and / or the fourth aqueous solution with the first and the second aqueous solution. Furthermore, the first mixing step E8 may also comprise the mixing of the mass m of addition element, itself also determined during the calculation step E7.Thus, and according to a particular embodiment, the cooling water 1 can be obtained by a mixture of four volumes VI, V2, V3, V4 of aqueous solutions, each volume of aqueous solution coming respectively from the industrial water solution 3, the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, the demineralized water solution 7, and the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca ions. 2+ 9, and the mass m of addition element.

[0104] The mixing phase P3 may then comprise a step E9 of controlling the mixture composition cml, in which an intermediate value of said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition cml is determined, so as to calculate an initial difference between said intermediate value and a target value of said at least one useful parameter defining the final target composition cfc. The control step E9 therefore makes it possible to determine the difference between the useful parameters of the mixture composition cml and the corresponding useful parameters of the final target composition cfc. In other words, the control step E9 makes it possible to quantify whether the mixture composition cml is sufficiently close to the final target composition cfc.

[0105] In the case where the initial deviation is greater than a threshold deviation, i.e. when the mixture composition cml is too far from the target final composition cfc, the mixing phase may comprise a second mixing step E10 in which at least one correction element is mixed with the mixing solution so as to produce a corrected mixing volume Vm2 of a corrected mixing solution characterized by a corrected mixing composition cm2 which is defined by at least one useful parameter. This correction element is chosen from the group consisting of a volume of the industrial water solution 3, a volume of the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, a volume of the demineralized water solution 7, a volume of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9, a mass ml of salt 13, and a mass m2 of pH correctors 15.

[0106] Naturally, the correction element is chosen so that a corrected deviation between a corrected value of said at least one useful parameter defining the corrected mixture composition cm2 and said target value is less than the initial deviation.

[0107] According to one embodiment, it may be provided that the control step E9 comprises the determination of the corrected deviation, and that the second mixing step E10 is implemented iteratively as long as the corrected deviation is greater than the threshold deviation. For example, the threshold deviation may be equal to 10% or 5% or 3% of the target value.

[0108] Generally, it may also be provided that at least one mixing step among the first mixing step E8 and the second mixing step E10 is implemented so as to maintain the corrected mixing solution at a temperature between 10°C and 35°C, preferably between 12°C and 30°C.

[0109] The arrangements described above make it possible to propose a method for preparing cooling water 1 having a composition close to a target final composition cfc. Furthermore, and advantageously, the use of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 makes it possible to produce more easily and on demand, cooling water 1 having a composition close to the com- final target position cfc.

[0110] According to the invention, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is such that the concentration of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions is greater than the concentration of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions of the industrial water solution, of the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger, or of the demineralized water solution.

[0111] As indicated previously, the preparation method and the casting method can be implemented by means of a casting device 100, object of the invention.

[0112] The casting device, shown in [Fig.l], comprises a device 50 for preparing cooling water 1. The preparation device 50 may in particular comprise at least one reservoir chosen from: - a first tank 33 configured to receive the industrial water solution 3; - a second reservoir 35 configured to receive the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5; - a third reservoir 37 configured to receive the demineralized water solution 7; - a fourth reservoir 39 configured to receive the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9.

[0113] The embodiment of [Fig.l] presents a preparation device 50 comprising four reservoirs.

[0114] According to an embodiment not shown, the use of the first reservoir 33, the second reservoir 35, the third reservoir 37, and the fourth reservoir 39 can be replaced by a continuous in-line mixing method. By continuous in-line mixing method is meant the possibility of carrying out the mixing of the aqueous solutions directly in a piping or supply system.

[0115] The casting device 100 may further comprise a cation exchanger 20 ( [Fig. 2]) comprising an active material, said cation exchanger 20 being configured to vary between a charged configuration in which divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ are bound to the active material, and a regenerated configuration in which the active material is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+, said cation exchanger 20 comprising means for connecting it to the mixing unit 31 not shown. The active material may comprise either a weak cationic resin 21 or a strong cationic resin 23. As illustrated in [Fig. 2], the cation exchanger 20 is included in the preparation device 50.In order to be able to simply implement the preparation method, the cation exchanger 20 may comprise means allowing it to be connected to at least one reservoir, for example the first reservoir 33, the second reservoir 35, the third reservoir 37, or the fourth reservoir 39. These means may for example comprise pipes allowing a . fluid transfer into and out of the cation exchanger 20.

[0116] The casting device 100 may also comprise a reverse osmosis unit 27 or an ion exchanger on demineralization resin 25, said reverse osmosis unit 27 or said ion exchanger comprising means for connecting it to a mixing unit 31 and to the cation exchanger 20, not shown. In general, the reverse osmosis unit 27 or said ion exchanger on demineralization resin 25 comprises means for connecting it to at least one reservoir, for example the first reservoir 33, the second reservoir 35, the third reservoir 37, or the fourth reservoir 39. In the variant illustrated in [Fig. 2], the reverse osmosis unit 27 comprises means for connecting it fluidically to the second reservoir 35, and to the third reservoir 37.

[0117] The preparation device 50 may comprise a strong acid supply 41 configured to be connected to the cation exchanger 20, and an addition element storage unit 32 configured to store at least one addition element chosen from the group comprising salts 13 and pH correctors 15.

[0118] Referring again to [Fig.l], the first reservoir 33, the second reservoir 35, the third reservoir 37, the fourth reservoir, and the storage unit 32 are fluidically connected to a mixing unit 31.

[0119] The mixing unit 31 is configured to receive the first aqueous solution characterized by the first composition c1 and the second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by the second composition c2, said first aqueous solution and said second aqueous solution being chosen from the group consisting of: - industrial water solution 3, - the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger 5, - demineralized water solution 7, - the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9.

[0120] The mixing unit 31 is furthermore configured to mix a first volume VI of said first aqueous solution and a second volume V2 of said second aqueous solution, so as to produce a mixing volume Vml of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition cml and constituting all or part of the cooling water 1.

[0121] Said first volume VI of the first aqueous solution and second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution being determined as a function of said first composition cl and said second composition c2, and so that the mixture composition cml tends towards a predetermined target final composition cfc. As shown in [Fig.l], the mixing unit 31 may be configured to mix a number of volumes of aqueous solutions greater than two. The mixing unit 31 is further configured to receive and mix a mass m of addition element with the mixing solution, said mass m of addition element being determined as a function of the first composition cl, the second composition c2, and the final target composition cfc.

[0122] According to a particular embodiment, the mixing unit 31 comprises a temperature control system 61 comprising a temperature sensor 63 configured to measure a mixing temperature corresponding to the temperature of the mixing solution. The temperature control system 61 is then configured to maintain the mixing temperature between 10°C and 35°C, preferably between 12°C and 30°C. The temperature control system 61 may be provided with heating means 65 configured to heat the mixing unit 31, when the mixing temperature is less than or equal to 10°C or 12°C. The temperature control system 61 may also comprise cooling means 67 configured to cool the mixing unit 31, when the mixing temperature is greater than or equal to 35°C or 30°C.

[0123] In addition, the casting device 100 may advantageously comprise an analysis unit 60 configured to measure at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising: a calcium concentration THCa, a magnesium concentration THMg, a complete alkalimetric titer TAC, an alkalimetric titer TA, a hydrotimetric titer TH, and the pH. The analysis unit 60 may in particular be used to implement the first analysis step E1 and the second analysis step E2 of the preparation method.

[0124] Finally, the casting device 100 may comprise a calculation unit 30 configured to determine the first volume VI of the first aqueous solution and the second volume V2 of the second aqueous solution as a function of a useful parameter defining the first composition cl, of a useful parameter defining the second composition c2, and so that a useful parameter defining the mixture composition cml tends towards a useful parameter defining the target final composition cfc. In general, the calculation unit is capable of implementing the calculation step E7 according to the embodiments described above and below.

[0125] The preparation method and its implementation with the casting device 100 can be better understood on the basis of the examples given below, given as a non-limiting example.

[0126] Example 1:

[0127] In this example, a cooling water 1 is prepared according to a target industrial water. Table 1 below describes the composition of the industrial water solution 3 which may for example correspond to the first composition cl, and the final target composition cfc obtained during the first analysis step El, and the second stage of analysis E2.

[0128] [Tables] TH(°f) THCa / THMg THCa (°f) THMg (°f) TA co TAC co CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) PH cl 41.1 5 34.3 6.9 0 38.0 60 80 49 7.1 cfc 48 2.5 37.5 14.3 0 14.7 46 100 280 7.4

[0129] In this example, the industrial water solution 3 characterized by the composition cl, has a high hardness, a high alkalinity and a high content of chloride ions. This industrial water solution 3 can be stored in a first tank 33.

[0130] A portion of the industrial water solution 3 can then undergo a charging step E32 when it circulates in the cation exchanger comprising a weak cationic resin 21 (the RESINEX KW-H resin, from the company Jacobi Carbons, Sweden). During this charging step E32, the industrial water solution 3 circulates with a flow rate of 5m3 / h, then on a degasser during the degassing step E34. The degasser comprises a trickle column with countercurrent air flow which is located above a second tank 35. In this second tank, the water solution treated on the cationic ion exchanger 5 is thus obtained, which is then decarbonated water having, in this example, a second composition c2.

[0131] The second reservoir 35 may comprise means which allow it to be fluidically connected to a reverse osmosis unit 27, in order to be able to supply the third reservoir 37 with demineralized water. According to this example, the reverse osmosis unit 27 comprises nine membranes and operates with a purge rate of 25%. This reverse osmosis unit 27 is capable of producing between 1m3 / h and 2m3 / h of the demineralized water solution 7 during the demineralization step E41. Said demineralized water solution then has a composition c3 which is stored in a third reservoir 37.

[0132] When the weak resin 21 of the cation exchanger 20 is sufficiently charged during the charging step E32, the elution step E43 is implemented so as to produce the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 having a fourth composition c4, a part of which will be stored in a fourth reservoir 39. For example, the elution step E43 can be implemented when a percentage of charge of the weak resin 21 relative to the theoretical saturation calculated for the cation exchanger is between 60% and 90% of the saturation.

[0133] According to one embodiment, the elution step E43 comprises: - a backwashing step in which industrial water 3 is introduced counter-currently, this backwashing step making it possible to lift the resin grains and eliminate the accumulated impurities, typically a water flow rate of at least is used 5 m3 / h - an elution step with a 4% sulfuric acid solution, this solution itself being prepared by diluting a 20% commercial sulfuric acid solution with demineralized water using a metering pump. This step makes it possible to produce the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9. - a slow rinsing step (piston flow of the liquid) with demineralized water 7 in order to circulate part of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 towards the reservoir 39, and - a rapid rinsing step (turbulent flow of the liquid) with demineralized water solution 7, consisting of rapidly eliminating traces of acid 11 which would still be present.

[0134] In the particular case of this example, the use of weak cationic resins 21 makes it possible to obtain effluents of relatively low acidity which are simply neutralized by passing over a bed of calcium carbonate granules. Acid effluent is considered to be any water which is not used for the production of the tapping water (1, 1a or 1b), residues, part of the unused acid solution, rinsing).

[0135] As indicated previously, the industrial water solution 3 has a first composition cl determined during the second analysis step E2. This first composition cl of this industrial water solution 3 can be sufficiently stable over time so as not to require additional second analysis steps E2.

[0136] In the particular case of this first example, the second, third, and fourth compositions c2, c3, and c4 can be deduced knowing the first composition of cl, in the following way:

[0137] The water solution treated on cationic ion exchanger 5 is obtained by decarbonation on a weak cationic resin 21. The Na+ (sodium), Ca2+ (calcium) and Mg2+ (magnesium) cations bound to the salts of strong acids (sulfates and chlorides) are not retained and will be found in the water solution treated on cationic ion exchanger 5 by passing through the cation exchanger 20, as well as all the anions (carbonates, bicarbonates). The cations retained by the cation exchanger 20 (Mg2+ and Ca2+ bound to the carbonates and bicarbonates) will be retained on the weak cationic resin 21 and replaced by hydronium ions H3O+ (2 H3O+ ions per Ca2+ ion or per Mg 2+ ion). We therefore calculate the second composition c2 in calcium and magnesium ions, in this case, from the total hydrotimetric TH title according to the following formula: TH (of the second composition c2) = TH (of the first composition cl) - TAC (of the first composition cl). We therefore obtain TH=3.1°f (41.1-38.0).

[0138] The calcium (THCa) and magnesium (THMg) values ​​are calculated by assuming that the same ratio (here THCa / THMg=5) is kept as in the solution of industrial water. We therefore calculate THCa and THMg in the solution of water treated on cationic ion exchanger 5 by solving equations (1) and (2): (1) THCa / THMg=5 (2) THCa + THMg = TH = 3.1

[0139] By solving this system, we then obtain the values ​​in table 2 below (THMg=0.5°f, and THCa=2.6°f, rounded values).

[0140] The TAC, obtained after the degasser, was measured at 0.5°f at the outlet of the degasser. This value is stable and is not measured at each mixture.

[0141] The demineralized water solution having the third composition c3 is produced by demineralization of the treated water solution on a cationic ion exchanger 5 during the demineralization step E41. It is possible to analyze the third composition c3 during a third analysis step consisting of measuring the conductivity of the solution. This third analysis step makes it possible to determine that the main ions have a concentration of less than 5 mg / L, except for sodium and chlorides (approximately 5 mg / L).

[0142] The fourth composition c4 of the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 depends on the acid concentration 11 used for the regeneration of the weak cationic resin 21. For this example, the elution efficiency of the cation exchanger used, estimated at 0.98, is taken into account. The value of 0.98 corresponds to the elution efficiency of the cation exchanger used. The concentration of calcium and magnesium ions (from which TH is calculated) then corresponds, at the start of elution step E43, to 0.98 times the concentration (in moles or in °f) of sulfuric acid. This sulfuric acid concentration can be controlled by acid and water flow rate measurements, and an online conductivity measurement. It may be planned to keep only the eluate from the start of elution step E43, and within the limit of the capacity of the fourth reservoir 39.Following this protocol, the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9 therefore has a fourth constant composition c4 which can be determined only once by implementing the second analysis step E2 on the aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9. .

[0143] [Tables2] TH (°f) THCa / THMg THCa (°f) THMg co TAC co CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) PH cl 41.1 5 34.3 6.9 38.0 60 80 49 7.1 c2 3.1 5 0.5 2.6 0.5 60 80 49 c3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 5 <5 c4 154 5 128 26 0 0 100 1470

[0144] The following relationships exist between TH, THCa, THMg and R = THCa / THMg. TH = THCa + THMg THCa = R.TH / (1+R) THMg = TH / (1+R)

[0145] The steps E51 of providing at least one addition and dilution element E53 make it possible to form addition solutions of composition a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 corresponding to the dilution of the mass ml of salt, or the mass m2 of pH corrector in a volume of demineralized water solution 7 so as to provide an addition solution of MgSO4 (at 10%) defined by a composition a1, an addition solution of MgCl2 (at 10%) defined by a composition a2, an addition solution of NaHCO3 (at 8%) defined by a composition a3, and an addition solution of NaOH (at 5%) defined by a composition a4. The 20% sulfuric acid solution used to regenerate the cation exchangers 20 is stored in a 3m3 tank. It can also serve as an addition solution defined by a composition a5.

[0146] The chemical compositions a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 of the addition solutions are described with the same formalism as the four previous aqueous solutions, the TH parameters and the ratio R= THCa / THMg being replaced by THCa and THMg, to avoid divergent calculations when THCa = 0, or THMg = 0.

[0147] [Tables3] TH (°f) TH Ca TH Mg TAC co CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) MgSO4 (al) 9110 0 9110 0 0 0 87781 CaC12 (a2) 10016 10016 - - - 69936 - NaHCO3 (a3) ​​- - - 5240 24095 - - H2SO4 (a4) - - - - - - 215510 NaOH (a5) - - - - 31625 - -

[0148] From the available aqueous solutions of compositions c1, c2, c3, and c4, of the final target composition cfc, and of the chemical compositions of the addition solutions a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5, it is possible to implement the calculation step E7.

[0149] The mixture composition cml of the mixing solution, for a volume Vml (known), is then described by the following equation, which is broken down for each useful parameter of each composition (for example THCa, THMg, TAC, Sodium, Chlorides, Sulfates). In this case, we therefore obtain 6 equations corresponding to 6 different useful parameters: ci.Vml = Vl.cli + V2.c2i + V3.c3i + V4.c4i + Val.ali + Va2.a2i + Va3.a3i + Va4.a4i + Va5.a5i.

[0150] The index i in the preceding formula refers to the 6 useful parameters described in this example (THCa, THMg, TAC, CNa, CCI, CS).

[0151] We have Vml=Vl+V2+V3+V4+Val+Va2+Va3+Va4+Va5, where VI, V2, V3, and V4 correspond to the volumes to be mixed of aqueous solutions of compositions cl, c2, c3, and c4 and Val, Va2, Va3, Va4, and Va5 correspond to the volumes to be mixed of the addition solutions of composition a1, a2, a3, a4, a5.

[0152] In the case of this first example, the following parameters Vml and cli, c2i, c3i, c4i, ali, a2i, a3i, a4i, a5i are known: - Vml corresponds to the volume of cooling water to be produced. It is also possible to use flow rates by dividing the volumes by a unit of time. This parameter is defined by a single value. For this example, 24m3 of cooling water solution is needed. This flow rate value is 2.4m3 / h if the characteristic time is 100 (time interval between each pour, for example). - cli, c2i, c3i, c4i, ali, a2i, a3i, a4i, a5i: correspond respectively to the useful parameters of the available aqueous solutions (3, 5, 7, 9), and of the available salt addition solutions 13 and pH correctors 15. Additional analysis steps can possibly be implemented to control each useful parameter.

[0153] According to a non-limiting variant, a weighting coefficient yi can be used to prioritize one of the useful parameters. In this example, for example, greater importance is given to the magnesium concentration THMg compared to the sodium concentration CNa or the sulfate ion concentration CS. The following weighting coefficients yi are therefore chosen, making it possible to obtain the following cml mixture composition (Table 4):

[0154] [Tables4] THCa (°f) THMg (°f) TAC (°f) CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) cl 34.3 6.9 38.0 60 80 49 yi 100 2000 50 2 200 1 cfc 35.7 14.3 14.7 46 100 300 cml 35.7 14.3 14.7 46 100 300

[0155] In the context of this example and the chosen weightings, it is possible to obtain a mixture solution having a mixture composition cml equal to the target final composition cfc. However, such a solution is not always mathematically obtained given the elements available during the pre- preparation.

[0156] The calculation step E7 therefore then comprises the determination of the volumes to be mixed. In this example, the unknowns are the 9 volumes of the solutions to be mixed (VI, V2, V3, V4, Val, Va2, Va3, Va4, Va5). The calculation unit 30 then uses a solver which makes it possible to minimize the following sum of the deviations: Si^Yi.KVl.cli + V2.c2i + V3.c3i + V4.c4; + Val.al; + Va2.a2; + Va3.a3; + Va4.a4; + Va5.a5i) - Vml.cmli ]2

[0157] In order to obtain mathematical solutions that make physical sense, desired boundary conditions are added (i.e. all values ​​are positive, volumes cannot be greater than the capacity of reservoirs 33, 35, 37, 39) so as to obtain the volumes of each solution to be added, as well as the mixture composition cml of the mixing solution.

[0158] In the context of this particular example, a volume Vml of 24 m3 of the mixing solution can be obtained by mixing the following volumes: - VI (industrial water solution 3) = 9.28m3 - V2 (water solution treated on cationic ion exchanger 5) = 9.10m3 - V3 (demineralized water solution 7) = 2.64m3 - V4 (aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions 9) = 2.98m3

[0159] And with the following additives: - Val (10% MgSO4 solution) = 21.7L - Va2 (10% CaC12 solution) = 13.3L - Va3, Va4 and Va5 are not used (=0).

[0160] The mixing phase P3 then comprises only a first mixing step E8 by mixing in a mixing unit 31 the calculated volumes corresponding to the different solutions. For example, the first mixing step E8 of the aqueous solutions can be carried out in the following order: VI, V2, V3, V4, by means of a magnetic stirrer, then by adding the volumes of addition solutions Val and Va2 while maintaining stirring.

[0161] The preparation method may then comprise the control step E9 in which a control of the cml mixture composition obtained is carried out. This control comprises: - measurement of the hydrotimetric rate TH and the complete alkalimetric rate TAC using a TH and TAC analyzer with color indicator - pH measurement using a pH probe.

[0162] Depending on the result of control step E9, the pH can then be corrected by adding bleach to obtain a desired amount of free chlorine so that the mixture composition cml tends towards the final target composition cfc.

[0163] Example 2:

[0164] In this second example, Table 5 below describes the composition of the industrial water solution which may, for example, correspond to the first composition cl, and also describes the final target composition cfc. These two compositions are obtained during the first analysis step E1, and the second analysis step E2. In particular, in the implementation of the preparation method of this example, the aim is to obtain a cooling water 1 for which the useful parameters “hydrotimetric rate and complete alkalimetric rate TAC” are lower than the corresponding useful parameters of the final target composition cfc.

[0165] [Tables5] TH (°f) THCa / THMg THCa co THMg co TA (°f) TAC (°f) CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) PH cl 17 3 12.8 4.3 0 9.0 12 43 44 7.4 cfc 8.5 2 5.7 2.8 0 4.0 10 33 19 7.0

[0166] According to this example, the preparation device 50 comprises a reverse osmosis unit 27, connected to the first reservoir 33, but does not comprise a cation exchanger 20. It is therefore only possible to produce two aqueous solutions characterized by two compositions: - the industrial water solution 3 characterized by the first composition cl; and - the demineralized water solution 7 characterized by a second composition c2.

[0167] The industrial water solution 3, for example stored in the first tank 33, or available directly on site, feeds the reverse osmosis unit 27, which makes it possible to produce the demineralized water solution 7 by the demineralization step E41 of a portion of the industrial water solution 3, then to store it in the third tank 37.

[0168] Advantageously, the industrial water solution 3 used to produce the demineralized water solution 7 is filtered by a filter having a filtration mesh of 5 μm. This makes it possible to avoid fouling of the membranes (in particular at the spacers) and increases their lifespan. Advantageously, a sequestering product based on polyphosphates is continuously injected. This makes it possible to avoid the precipitation of calcium ions in the presence of carbonates in the concentration loop of the reverse osmosis unit 27.

[0169] In the context of this example, the industrial water solution 3 stored in the first tank 33 may have a composition cl which varies depending in particular on the devices using this water, the season, and the operation of the temperature control system 61. Thus, it may be planned to implement one or more second stages of analysis E2 in order to know at each moment a good estimate of the first composition cl of this stored industrial water solution 3.

[0170] Unlike the industrial water solution 3, the demineralized water solution 7 has a substantially constant and known composition c2. It is therefore not necessary to carry out a second analysis step E2 at each demineralization step E41. An online conductivity check is sufficient to ensure the correct operation of the reverse osmosis unit and the constant quality of the water. Table 6 below lists the first and second compositions c1, c2 of the industrial water solutions 3 and demineralized water 7.

[0171] [Tableauxô] TH (°f) THCa / THMg THCa (°f) THMg co TAC co CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) PH cl 17 3 12.8 4.3 9.0 12 44 44 7.4 c2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 5 5 <5

[0172] From the available aqueous solutions and the final target CFC composition, it is possible to implement calculation step E7. In this example, it is not possible to use aqueous solutions other than those mentioned above, nor to use addition elements.

[0173] The mixture composition of the mixture solution cml, for a volume Vml (known), is then described by the following equation, which is broken down for each useful parameter of each composition (for example THCa, THMg, TAC, Sodium, Chlorides, Sulfates). In this case, we therefore obtain 6 equations corresponding to 6 different useful parameters: ci.Vml = Vl.cli + V2.c2i,

[0174] The index i referring to the 6 useful parameters described in this example (THCa, THMg, TAC, CNa, CCI, CS), with Vml=Vl+ V2.

[0175] In the case of this first example, the following parameters are known: - Vml: volume of solution to be manufactured; - cli, c2i: which correspond respectively to the useful parameters of the available aqueous solutions (3, 7),

[0176] According to a non-limiting variant, a weighting coefficient yi can be used to prioritize one of the useful parameters. In this example, for example, greater importance is given to the magnesium concentration THMg and to the calcium concentration THCA compared to the other useful parameters. The following weighting coefficients yi are therefore chosen, making it possible to obtain the following cml mixture composition (Table 7):

[0177] [Tables7] TH Ca (°f) TH Mg (°f) TAC (°f) CNa (mg / L) CCI (mg / L) CS (mg / L) cl 12.8 4.3 9.0 12 44 44 Yi 200 200 20 2 20 1 cfc 5.7 2.8 4.0 10 33 19 Cml 6.4 2.1 4.5 6 22 22

[0178] The calculation step E7 therefore then includes the determination of the volumes to be mixed. In this example, the unknowns are the 2 volumes of the aqueous solutions to be mixed VI, V2.

[0179] The calculation unit 30 then uses a solver which makes it possible to minimize the following sum of the deviations: Si^Yi.KVl.cli + V2.c2i) - Vml.cmli ]2

[0180] In order to obtain real solutions, desired boundary conditions are added. For example, all values ​​are positive, the volumes cannot be greater than the capacity of the reservoirs 33, 37 so as to obtain the volumes of each solution to be added as well as the mixture composition cml of the mixing solution.

[0181] In this particular case, given the available aqueous solutions, it is not possible to obtain exactly the target final composition cfc. It is nevertheless possible to obtain a volume of mixing solution Vml respecting the objectives set for the preparation process by choosing to mix half and half the industrial solution 3 (Vl = 50% Vml) and the demineralized solution 7 (V2 = 50% Vml).

Claims

Claims

1. A method of casting a product comprising the following steps: (a) a bath of liquid metal is prepared; (b) said liquid metal is cast in such a way that, during a casting start-up phase, cooling water (1) obtained according to a method for preparing cooling water (1) is used, comprising: - a first analysis step (El) in which a predetermined target final composition (cfc) corresponding to a target cooling water of an industrial site is obtained, by determining at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising a calcium concentration (THCa), a magnesium concentration (THMg), a complete alkalimetric title (TAC), an alkalimetric title (TA), a hydrotimetric title (TH), and a pH; a step of providing (E6) at least one first aqueous solution characterized by a first composition (c1) and at least one second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by a second composition (c2), the first composition (c1) and the second composition (c2) being defined by said at least one useful parameter, said first aqueous solution and said second aqueous solution being chosen from the group consisting of: an industrial water solution (3) present on an industrial site distinct from the industrial site on which the target cooling water is available, a water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger (5), said water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger (5) being decarbonated water treated on a cation exchanger (20) comprising a weak cationic resin (21), or being permuted water treated on a cation exchanger (20) comprising a strong cationic resin (23),of a demineralized water solution (7), of an aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions (9), said aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions (9) being obtained during an elution step (E43), in which a strong acid (11) is circulated in the cation exchanger (20), so that Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions captured by the weak cation resin (21) or by the strong cation resin (23) are dissolved, a calculation step (E7) in which a first volume (VI) of the, first aqueous solution and a second volume (V2) of the second aqueous solution are determined as a function of said at least one useful parameter defining the first composition (cl), and of said at least one useful parameter defining the second composition (c2), a mixing phase (P3) comprising a first mixing step (E8) in which a first volume (VI) of the first aqueous solution and a second volume (V2) of the second aqueous solution are mixed, so as to produce a mixing volume (Vml) of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition (cml) defined by said at least one useful parameter, and constituting all or part of the cooling water (1), said first volume (V1) of the first aqueous solution and second volume (V2) of the second aqueous solution being determined during the calculation step (E7) as a function of said first composition (cl) and said second composition (c2),and such that said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition (cml) tends towards said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition (cfc), so as to minimize a difference between said at least one useful parameter defining the mixture composition (cml) and said at least one useful parameter defining the target final composition (cfc).,

2. A casting method according to claim 1, wherein the product is made of aluminum alloy, step (a) then comprising preparing the bath of liquid metal of aluminum alloy comprising, in % by weight, Cu: 0 - 6.0; Mg: 0- 8; Si 0- 12; Zn 0 - 12; others < 3 each and < 10 in total, remainder aluminum.

3. A casting method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein in step (b) the liquid metal is cast by vertical semi-continuous casting.

4. A casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said at least one useful parameter is selected from the group comprising a calcium concentration (THCa), a magnesium concentration (THMg), a total alkalimetric titer (TAC), an al-calimetric titer (TA), a hydrotimetric titer (TH), a concentration of chloride ions (CCI), sulfates (CS), bromides (CBr), sodium (CNa), and a pH; and wherein the preparation method further comprises a step of providing (E51) at least one addition element selected from the group comprising salts (13) and pH correctors (15), the first mixing step (E8) further comprising mixing a mass (m) of addition element, said mass (m) of addition element being determined as a function of the first composition (cl) and the second composition (c2), and the target final composition (cfc).

5. A casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger (5) is a decarbonated water obtained according to the following steps: - a step of providing (E30) a cation exchanger (20) comprising a weak cationic resin (21), said cation exchanger (20) being configured to vary between a regenerated configuration in which said weak cationic resin (21) is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ and a charged configuration in which said weak cationic resin (21) constitutes a reserve of divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+;- a weak cationic resin loading step (E32) in which a portion of the industrial water solution (3) circulates in the cation exchanger (20) comprising the weak cationic resin (21) to vary it from the regenerated configuration to the loaded configuration; - a degassing step (E34) in which water leaving the cation exchanger (20) is degassed, so as to obtain decarbonated water.;

6. Casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water solution treated on a cationic ion exchanger (5) is an exchanged water, obtained according to the following steps: - a step of providing (E31) a cation exchanger (20) comprising a strong cationic resin (23), said cation exchanger (20) being configured to vary between a regenerated configuration in which said strong cationic resin (23) is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ and a charged configuration in which said strong cationic resin (23) constitutes a reserve of divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+;- a strong cationic resin charging step (E33) in which a portion of the industrial water solution (3) circulates in the cation exchanger (20) comprising the strong cationic resin (23) to vary it from the regenerated configuration to the charged configuration, and so as to obtain the exchanged water.;

7. A casting method according to any one of claims 5 or 6 wherein the demineralized water solution (7) is obtained by a step demineralization (E41) in which a portion of the decarbonated water or deionized water solution is demineralized by a reverse osmosis or ion exchange process on a demineralization resin (25) so as to obtain the demineralized water solution (7).

8. A casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the strong acid (11) is sulfuric acid.

9. A casting method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the elution step (E43) is carried out after the weak cationic resin loading step (E32) or after the strong cationic resin loading step (E33).

10. A casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a second analysis step (E2) in which at least one useful parameter of the industrial water solution (3) selected from the group comprising a calcium concentration (THCa), a magnesium concentration (THMg), a total alkalimetric titer (TAC), an alkalimetric titer (TA), a hydrotimetric titer (TH), and a pH is measured.

11. Casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein step (b) comprises the use of a first cooling water (la) characterized by a first final composition (cfa) obtained according to the preparation method, the casting method further comprising a permanent casting regime phase (c) at the end of the casting start-up phase and such that during the permanent casting regime phase (c), a second cooling water (1b) is used characterized by a second final composition (cfb), optionally this second cooling water (1b) is obtained according to the preparation method.

12. Casting device (100) comprising a preparation device (50) for cooling water (1), said preparation device (50) comprising: an analysis unit (60) configured to measure at least one useful parameter chosen from the group comprising: a calcium concentration (THCa), a magnesium concentration (THMg), a complete alkalimetric titer (TAC), an alkalimetric titer (TA), a hydrotimetric titer (TH), and the pH; a calculation unit (30) configured to determine the first volume (VI) of the first aqueous solution and the second volume (V2) of the second aqueous solution as a function of a useful parameter defining the first composition (cl), of a useful parameter defining the second composition (c2), and so that a useful parameter defining the mixture composition (cml) tends towards a useful parameter defining the target final composition (cfc) a cation exchanger (20) comprising an active material, said cation exchanger (20) being configured to vary between a charged configuration in which divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+ are bound to the active material, and a regenerated configuration in which the active material is capable of capturing divalent cations of calcium Ca2+ or magnesium Mg2+, said cation exchanger (20) comprising means for connecting it to the mixing unit (31), preferably said cation exchanger (20) comprises a weak cationic resin (21) or a strong cationic resin (23) a mixing unit (31) configured to receive a first aqueous solution characterized by a first composition (c1) and a second aqueous solution distinct from the first aqueous solution and characterized by a second composition (c2), said first aqueous solution and said second aqueous solution being chosen from the group consisting of: - an industrial water solution (3), - a solution of water treated on a cationic ion exchanger (5), - a solution of demineralized water (7), - an aqueous solution containing Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions (9), said mixing unit (31) being further configured to mix a first volume (VI) of said first aqueous solution and a second volume (V2) of said second aqueous solution, so as to produce a mixing volume (Vml) of a mixing solution characterized by a mixing composition (cml) and constituting all or part of the cooling water (1), said first volume (V1) of the first aqueous solution and second volume (V2) of the second aqueous solution being determined as a function of said first composition (cl) and said second composition (c2), and so that the mixing composition (cml) tends towards a predetermined target final composition (cfc).

13. A casting device (100) according to claim 11, further comprising a reverse osmosis unit (27) or a demineralization resin ion exchanger (25), said reverse osmosis unit (27) or said demineralization resin ion exchanger (25) comprising means allowing it to be connected to the mixing unit (31) and to the cation exchanger (20).

14. A casting device (100) according to any one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the mixing unit (31) comprises a temperature control system (61) comprising a temperature sensor (63) configured to measure a mixing temperature corresponding to the temperature of the mixing solution, said temperature control system (61) being configured to maintain the mixing temperature between 10°C and 35°C, preferably between 12°C and 30°C.

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