Lifting system for the platform of a solar energy production device, lifting component and corresponding process

Abstract

A lifting system is proposed for the platform of a solar energy production device. The platform comprises a supporting structure on which solar panels are arranged, forming a solar collection surface. Such a lifting system comprises a plurality of lifting parts (10), each intended to be mounted on a lifting point distinct from the supporting structure. Each lifting part includes means (110, 120, 130) for offsetting said lifting point, configured so that, after mounting the plurality of lifting parts on the supporting structure, the lifting points are offset beyond the solar collection surface. Figure 5

Description

Description Title of the invention: Crane system for a platform of a solar energy production device, crane part and corresponding process Technical field

[0001] = The invention lies in the field of energy production installations solar. More particularly, the invention relates to a technique for hoisting a platform of a solar energy production device.

[0002] = The invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to tracking systems solar, commonly called "solar trackers" or "solar followers", equipped with photovoltaic panels. But it can be applied more generally to any type solar energy production installation requiring lifting of a platform solar for the assembly of this tray on a fixed base of the installation. Artterior

[0003] = Producing electricity using solar energy is a well-mastered technology. Nowadays, photovoltaic panel installations are among the solutions used on a large scale to transform this clean energy source into electric current. Despite its advantages, photovoltaic panels have reached a a number of technical limitations, particularly in terms of energy efficiency. To increase the productivity of a photovoltaic installation, monitoring systems solar have been developed, such as solar trackers.

[0004] = Traditionally, a solar tracker is a motorized supporting structure that allows to orient the solar panels according to the position of the Sun in the sky in order to guarantee optimal reception of its light radiation, and thus maximize the electricity production of the installation. Such an installation makes it possible to guarantee a renewable energy production with optimal efficiency all day long.

[0005] As illustrated in [Fig.1], a TS solar tracker generally comprises a mast main 1 fixed to the ground, a head 2 and a tray 3. Tray 3 includes a set photovoltaic panels and a supporting structure (or frame) serving as support to photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels are arranged here for form a rectangular flat surface. The plate 3 is positioned on the head 2 which itself is positioned mast 1. To allow the orientation of the panels, mast 1 and head 2 are equipped with two motorized axes: an azimuth axis and an elevation axis. These two axes are controlled by an automaton (or an industrial computer) which calculates in real-time the exact position of the Sun (in azimuth and elevation). The movement of guiding the plate 3 then consists of continuously rotating the plate around these two axes to place the photovoltaic panels in an optimal position in relation to the incidence of solar radiation. Before it is put into operation, an on-site assembly of the solar tracker must be carried out. Such an assembly requires several successive operations including an assembly operation of the plate 3 on the head 2 of the solar tracker. This assembly operation mainly consists of a first phase of assembly, on the ground, of certain solar panels on the supporting structure of the plate (partial assembly), then a phase of craning the plate (partially assembled) and assembly of the craned plate on the head 2 of the tracker, and finally a second phase of assembly, above ground, of the remaining solar panels (finalization of the assembly). This current assembly technique is tedious and delicate to implement since it requires, as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, a high-level mounting of certain solar panels, once the 3° platform has been craned and assembled on the tracker head. Indeed, the craning phase requires in particular the installation of slings E1-E4 on crane points P1-P4 of the platform's supporting structure, prohibiting the mounting of photovoltaic panels on certain areas of the supporting structure before the platform is craned. For example, the lifting sling E1 shown in [Fig.3] prohibits the mounting of a solar panel on each of the zones Z1-1 and Z1-2 (the same reasoning can be transposed to slings E2, E3 and E4). A hoisting point is understood to mean an area or attachment point of the supporting structure intended to receive a lifting sling and defined as being capable of ensuring, with the other points of the structure, the overall stability of the platform with respect to the stresses exerted on it during a hoisting (or lifting) operation of the platform. Typically, for the supporting structure illustrated in [Fig.2], which generally comprises a parallelepiped-shaped frame and CV bracing elements intersecting at a center of gravity O of the structure, the hoisting points P1-P4 are located at the intersection of the frame and the CV bracing elements. To carry out the hoisting, each sling is wrapped around the long truss-side crossbar junction at the level of the hoisting point concerned P1-P4. The common attachment point of the slings is positioned above the center O and vertically above the hook of the lifting device. Thus, with the current assembly technique, it is not possible to mount all the photovoltaic panels on the supporting structure before hoisting the platform, and some panels must be mounted above ground, which is not optimal. Indeed, as illustrated in Figure 4, once the platform 3° is fixed to the head of mast 1, the operator OP must proceed, using a cradle N, to first remove the slings, then mount the last photovoltaic panels on the structure. Such an assembly requires, on the one hand, mechanical fixing of the panel on the supporting structure and on the other hand electrical wiring, which represents a delicate, long and not always safe operation (handling at height of an imposing and heavy object with difficult access to certain fixing points). There is therefore a real need to provide a solution for assembling a solar tracker, and more generally a solar energy production device, which is simpler to implement and much safer for operators. Summary of the invention In a particular embodiment of the invention, a crane system is proposed for a platform of a solar energy production device, said platform comprising a supporting structure and a set of solar panels forming a solar collection surface, the supporting structure comprising crane points. The crane system is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of crane parts intended to be mounted each on a separate crane point of the supporting structure, each crane part comprising means for offsetting said crane point shaped so that, after mounting the plurality of crane parts on the supporting structure, the crane points are offset above the solar collection surface. Once the crane parts are mounted on the supporting structure, it is thus possible to mount all of the solar panels on the supporting structure before crane the platform, taking into account the crane points offset above the solar collection surface. Indeed, thanks to this ingenious crane system, the invention offers the possibility of mounting solar panels on locations usually not authorized for panel mounting before crane. Thus, unlike the solution of the prior art, such a system facilitates and secures the assembly operations of the solar energy production device. According to a particular implementation, said offset means comprise a support base shaped to be fixed on a receiving face of the supporting structure, an offset member one end of which forms the offset crane point, the support base and the offset member being secured by a connecting yoke and configured so that the offset crane point projects, and makes it possible to receive at least one crane means above the solar collection surface. The offset of the lifting points of the supporting structure beyond the surface of the panels allows, on the one hand, complete assembly on the ground of the panels before lifting and, on the other hand, easier installation of the slings before lifting. According to a particularly advantageous characteristic, said offset means are oriented according to a crane axis which is itself defined according to said at least one crane means after the latter has been placed on the crane point. deported. Such a configuration of the offset means relative to the crane axes of the system allows effective absorption of the forces acting on the structure during the crane operation. In a first example of implementation, the support base and the connecting yoke form a single-piece assembly. Such a configuration facilitates the assembly of the crane parts on the structure. According to a second example of implementation, the yoke and the support base form at least two separate elements capable of mechanically coupling via mechanical coupling means. The two-part (or more) base-yoke assembly makes it possible to limit the manufacturing costs of the crane parts. According to a particularly advantageous characteristic, a space is provided between at least two adjacent solar panels of said assembly so as to allow the passage of the offset member through the space provided. This space thus makes it possible to mount all of the solar panels on the supporting structure on the ground. According to a particular feature, the offset means comprise reversible fixing means to the supporting structure. This allows easy assembly and disassembly of the crane parts, and reuse of said parts on another assembly site. In another particular embodiment of the invention, a method is proposed for hoisting a platform of a solar energy production device, the platform comprising a supporting structure and a set of solar panels forming a solar collection surface, the supporting structure comprising hoisting points. The method is characterized in that it comprises the following successive steps: - mounting a plurality of crane parts, each on a separate crane point of the supporting structure, each crane part being part of a plurality of crane parts included in a crane system defined according to the aforementioned characteristics; - finalizing the assembly of solar panels of said assembly by providing, for each crane part, a space between at least two adjacent solar panels so as to allow passage through the space provided by the remote crane point, so as to obtain a platform ready to be craned where said assembly of solar panels is fully mounted on the supporting structure; - hoisting of said ready-to-crane platform via said remote hoisting points. Thus, the crane system of the invention makes it possible to assemble all of the panels before crane-lifting the platform, which facilitates and secures the assembly of the platform on the mast of the solar energy production device, the platform being integrated generally assembled and requiring no assembly operations other than those of hoisting and assembling the platform on the mast of the device. According to an advantageous characteristic, the method comprises a step of prior mounting of solar panels of said assembly on at least one authorized location of the supporting structure, said at least one authorized location being capable of allowing the subsequent mounting of the crane parts on the supporting structure during the step of mounting the crane parts. It is therefore possible to pre-assemble some of the solar panels in authorized locations that do not prevent access to the structure's crane points. According to a particular implementation, solar panels are mounted in all authorized areas. Thus, only unauthorized locations do not receive solar panels. According to a variant of implementation, solar panels are mounted in only some of the authorized locations. Thus, certain authorized locations - in addition to unauthorized locations - do not receive solar panels before the crane parts are installed. The installation of panels in the remaining authorized locations is then carried out in a second step after the crane parts have been installed so that all the solar panels are arranged on the structure before the platform is craned. In another particular embodiment of the invention, a crane part is proposed belonging to a plurality of crane parts included in a crane system for a platform of a solar energy production device, the platform comprising a supporting structure and a set of solar panels forming a solar collection surface, the supporting structure comprising crane points. Said crane part is characterized in that it is intended to be mounted on one of the crane points of the supporting structure and in that it comprises means for offsetting said crane point shaped so that, after mounting on said crane point, said crane point is offset above the solar collection surface. Figures Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment, given as a simple illustrative and non-limiting example, and the appended drawings, among which: [Fig.1], already described in relation to the prior art, schematically represents an overall view of a traditional solar tracker; [Fig.2], already described in relation to the prior art, represents an example of a supporting structure of a tray for a traditional solar tracker; [Fig. 3] and figure 4, already described in relation to the prior art, illustrate the principle of assembling a solar tracker according to an approach known from the state of the art [Fig.5] is a perspective view of a crane part according to a particular embodiment of the invention; [Fig.6] illustrates an assembly variant of the crane part according to the invention; [Fig.7] is a perspective view showing the support base of the crane part illustrated in [Fig.5]; [Fig 8] is an exploded view of [Fig.7]; [Fig.9] is a perspective view detailing the offset member of the crane part illustrated in [Fig.5]; [Fig.10] illustrates an example of a supporting structure for a platform without a stringer; [Fig.11] illustrates an example of a supporting structure with stringers; [Fig.12] illustrates, in the form of a flowchart, a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention; [Fig 13] is a top view of the structure illustrating the principle of preliminary assembly of solar panels according to the invention; [Fig.14] and [Fig.15] illustrate in perspective views the principle of mounting a crane part in accordance with the method of the invention; [Fig.16] illustrates the assembly of a crane part along another axis of the structure; [Fig.17] illustrates the assembly of a panel after mounting the crane part; [Fig.18] is a top view showing a platform ready to be craned according to a first example of a crane configuration according to the invention; [Fig.19] is a perspective view illustrating the principle of dismantling a crane part. [Fig.20] is a side view of the configuration illustrated in [Fig.17]; [Fig.21] illustrates a second example of a crane configuration according to the invention; [Fig.22] is a perspective view of a crane part used in the second example crane configuration; [Fig.23] is the crane part illustrated in [Fig.22] after mounting on the supporting structure; [Fig.24] illustrates a third example of a crane configuration according to the invention; [Fig.25] is a perspective view of a crane part used in the third example of a crane configuration; [Fig.26] is the crane part illustrated in [Fig.25] after assembly on the supporting structure; [Fig.27] illustrates a fourth example of a crane configuration according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention In the figures of this document, identical elements are designated by the same numerical reference. The general principle of the invention is based on the assembly, before hoisting the platform, of a hoisting part at each of the hoisting points of the platform's supporting structure in order to allow the hoisting points to be offset beyond the surface of the solar panels. In this way, it is possible to fix the slings above the surface of the panels while allowing the solar panels to be fully mounted on the supporting structure before carrying out the hoisting operation. In the remainder of this document, the invention is more particularly described in the context of a photovoltaic tracker type installation. The invention is of course not limited to this particular field of application, but is of interest for any type of solar energy production installation requiring an operation of assembling a solar panel tray on a ground anchoring base or a fixed support for this installation. Figures 1 to 4 were presented above in relation to the prior art of the present invention. A crane system and an operating method for mounting this crane system according to a particular embodiment of the invention are presented below in relation to Figures 5 to 9. In this embodiment, the crane system comprises a set of four crane parts each intended to be mounted on a separate crane point of the supporting structure of the platform. An example of a supporting structure is illustrated in Figures 10 and 11. The supporting structure (or chassis) SP comprises a frame of generally parallelepiped shape and bracing elements CV intersecting at a center of gravity of the structure, referenced O. The lifting points P1-P4 are located in the same plane at the intersection of the frame and the bracing elements CV. The lifting points P1-P4 are therefore distributed equally around the center O of the structure. The frame comprises long trusses F1 and F2, short central trusses, crosspieces T1-T3 (one central crosspiece and two lateral crosspieces), and anti-tilting trusses. The structure also comprises a plurality of stringers L regularly arranged on the frame and along it so as to be able to accommodate and fix, in the upper part, a set of photovoltaic panels. A stringer is a rail allowing the fixing of the panels.The photovoltaic panels are arranged here to form a flat, rectangular solar collection surface (typically 12 metres long and 9.5 metres wide). Each panel has the following standard dimensions: 2200 mm long and 1100 mm wide. The lifting points are therefore located at the cross-truss junctions. long which constitute structurally strong points of the structure. This is a purely illustrative example and other configurations and other dimensional characteristics can of course be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention. For the purposes of understanding the invention, the axes ACI and AC2 are defined below, the axes of the supporting structure SP passing respectively through the crane points P1-P4 and P2-P3 and intersecting at the center O of the structure. [Fig. 5] represents a perspective view of a crane part 10 of the system according to the invention. This crane part 10 is intended to be fixed on the crane point P1 of the supporting structure SP. It comprises means for offsetting the crane point P1 shaped so that, after fixing said part on the crane point, the crane point P1 is offset in a plane located above the solar panels, thus becoming an offset crane point (point referenced P1' hereinafter). The offset means comprise, more particularly, a support base 110 shaped to be fixed on a receiving face of the supporting structure SP (i.e. the external face of the long truss F1 in the present example) and an offset member 120 whose upper end forms the offset crane point Pl'.The support base 110 and the offset member 120 are secured by a connecting yoke 130 and are configured between them so that, after assembly of the part 10, the offset crane point P1' projects above the solar collection surface. The structure of each of these three elements is detailed below in relation to Figures 7 to 9. The support base 110 is an oblique support base allowing oblique support of the connecting yoke 130 relative to the receiving face so that, once the part is mounted, the yoke 130 is oriented so that the main axis X of the offset means coincides with the axis ACI of the supporting structure SP. This particular orientation of the offset means relative to the center O of the supporting structure allows effective absorption of forces during craning due to the particular configuration of the lifting slings. The forces act essentially here in the axis AC1 of the supporting structure SP, these forces being able to be of different natures: traction, shear, bending, etc.Other orientations may be envisaged depending on the chosen lifting configuration (the principle of which is discussed further below in relation to figures 21 to 27). The support base 110 comprises a transfer face whose lateral regions 115a-115b are provided with through holes intended to receive a set of screws (not shown) for fixing the base to the long truss F1 of the structure SP. Plates are provided on the lateral regions 115a-115b to hold the fixing screws captive once the part is fixed. In this embodiment, the support base 110 and the connecting yoke 130 form two separate elements capable of mechanically coupling via mechanical coupling means 118 (screw and nut system for example). Once acc- coupled (for example during pre-assembly in the workshop), the parts 110 and 130 form a single-piece assembly that can be used on different assembly sites. The connecting yoke 130 is composed of a transfer base from which extend (along the X axis) two double-opening side walls, each opening being provided to receive a locking pin. The connecting yoke 130 is shaped to allow a non-pivoting connection of the support base 110 and the offset member 120 along the connection axes A1 and A2. The offset member 120 comprises a longitudinal body 121 with, at its base, a gripping handle 122 and two through bores for correspondence with the connecting axes A1 and A2 when inserting the member 120 into the yoke 130 along the axis X. The offset member 120 comprises at its end a safety latch hook 125 intended to receive a sling (for example a flexible lifting strap).This is for example a swivel hook shaped to be able to pivot 360 degrees around the main axis of the offset member 120. The end of the offset member forms, after mounting the crane part 10, an offset crane point in accordance with the principle of the invention. Such an offset of the crane point above the panels makes it possible on the one hand to avoid any contact of the sling on the panels during the crane operations and on the other hand to carry out a complete mounting of the panels on the structure before crane the platform (the mounting principle according to the invention is described in detail later in relation to figures 12 to 18). The particular embodiment described here is based on the use of safety latch hooks as a lifting point according to the invention. Of course, this is a particular illustrative example and other members such as rings or shackles for example can be considered as lifting points without departing from the scope of the invention. Similarly, the use of lifting slings is a particular example of implementation and other lifting means can be used such as rigid lifting chains or straps for example. Several slings, chains or lifting straps can also be used per lifting point if necessary. According to an alternative embodiment to that illustrated in Figures 5 to 8, the support base 110 and the connecting yoke 130 form a single, single-piece assembly. An example of a single-piece assembly is illustrated in [Fig.22]. Crane parts are made from a metal alloy (e.g., aluminum or steel) or a composite material. Making parts from aluminum, for example, minimizes their weight and makes them easier to handle. [Fig. 6] illustrates an alternative embodiment of the crane part according to the invention. As for the crane part 10, the crane part 10' comprises a support base 110' shaped to be fixed on a receiving face of the supporting structure SP, and a 120° crane point offset member and a 130” connecting yoke securing the 110” support base and the 120” offset member according to a non-pivoting double-axis connection. The 10° crane part is intended for offsetting another crane point of the structure (such as the P2 crane point for example). The 110” support base, the 130' yoke and the 120” offset member are configured so that, after assembly of the 10° part, the offset P2° crane point projects above the solar collection surface. Unlike the 10 part, the 110-130” support-yoke block is pivoted 180 degrees relative to the receiving face of the supporting structure, so that, after assembly, the means of offset are always oriented towards the center O of the structure.In other words, the 110-120 support-clevis block fixed on point P1 is in a first position, while the 110”-120° support-clevis block fixed on point P2 is in a second position, the second position corresponding to a rotation of 180 degrees relative to the first position. It is therefore possible to use identical crane parts for the entire crane system, with only the operator having to ensure that the support-clevis blocks are correctly oriented when they are mounted on the SP structure (so that each crane part is oriented towards the center O of the SP structure). This makes it possible, on an industrial scale, to manufacture only one type of crane part and therefore to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of the crane parts. It could also be envisaged to produce two separate pairs of crane parts, the parts of the first pair being configured to be fixed on the ACI axis of the structure (at points P1 and P4), the parts of the second pair being configured to be fixed on the AC2 axis of the structure (at points P2 and P3). Of course, this is a purely illustrative example, and many other configurations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, it would be possible to provide a crane system comprising a larger number of crane parts configured so that, for example, a first set of crane parts allows for an offset of crane points in a first plane located above the panels and a second set of crane parts allows for an offset of crane points in a second plane located above the panels. An example of an operating mode for implementing the crane method according to the invention is described below, in relation to the flowchart of [Fig. 12]. This method mainly comprises a step of preliminary assembly of panels (S1), a step of assembly of the crane parts (S2), a step of finalizing the assembly of panels (S3), a step of crane of the platform (S4) and a step of dismantling of the crane parts (S5). Steps S1 to S3 are carried out on the ground by one or more operators. Before it can be put into operation, an on-site assembly of the solar tracker must be carried out. Such an assembly requires a crane operation of the platform for assembly on the head of the solar tracker. We will then consider the supporting structure SP described above in relation to figures 10-11. This supporting structure SP is intended to receive a set of forty photovoltaic panels, arranged in five rows of eight panels each. This is a purely illustrative example, and the operating method detailed below can of course be adapted to other types or shapes of supporting structure or tray, without departing from the scope of the invention. First of all, the SP supporting structure is assembled on the ground using the various elements forming the main frame (trusses, crosspieces, bracing bars, reinforcements, etc.), as well as the set of stringers intended to receive the photovoltaic panels. Pre-assembly of panels (S1) Once the SP supporting structure has been assembled, the photovoltaic panels are then pre-assembled in authorized locations on the supporting structure. An authorized location is understood to be a location for receiving a panel which, after its attachment, will not prevent access to a crane point on the structure (and therefore will not prevent the subsequent assembly of a crane part on the structure). As a corollary, an unauthorized location is understood to be a location for receiving a panel which, after its attachment, prevents access to a crane point on the structure. This may be a location located above the crane point or in the immediate vicinity of it. In this particular embodiment, all solar panels are mounted except those that prevent access to the crane points. Thus, only the unauthorized locations Z1-Z4 are left without photovoltaic panels to allow the mounting of the crane parts respectively at the crane points P1-P4. The mounting of a panel is carried out on the ground and includes in particular a mechanical fixing to the stringers. Assembly of crane parts (S2) Once the partial assembly of the platform is finalized, four crane parts are then assembled on the supporting structure SP according to the principle described above in relation to figures 5 to 9. A first crane part is fixed at point P1 along the axis AC1, a second at point P2 along the axis AC2, a third at point P3 along the axis AC2 and a fourth at point P4 along the axis ACI. It should be remembered that the design of the crane parts is made so that each part, after assembly, is oriented towards the center O of the supporting structure, for efficient recovery of the tensile forces during craning in the directions of the slings and efficient transmission to the supporting structure. In order to simplify the description, we will focus here on describing the assembly of the crane part 10 on the crane point P1. This operation is carried out in two stages, as illustrated in Figures 14 and 15. This description applies mutatis mutandis to the assembly of the other three crane parts of the system. The support-yoke block 110-130 (previously mounted) is first fixed to the external receiving face of the truss F1 at the crane point P1 via fixing means. The support-yoke block 110-130 is shaped so that the offset means are oriented in the axis ACI of the structure SP. Then, the offset member 120 is inserted into the yoke 130 using the gripping handle 122 and is then made integral with the latter after placing the locking pins in the dedicated openings. Once the crane part 10 is mounted at the crane point P1, the support-yoke block 110-130 and the offset member 120 are shaped so that the latch hook 125 projects above the photovoltaic panels and can subsequently receive a sling E1 above the solar collection surface S.The crane part 10 is shaped so that the hook 125 is flush above the panels at a height H typically between 20 and 250 mm, so as to facilitate the installation of the sling and to avoid any contact of the hook and / or the sling with the photovoltaic panels. [Fig.20] illustrates an example of arrangement of the crane part 10 relative to the structure SP and the height provided between the surface of the panels and the base of the hook 125. The other crane parts are fixed in the same way on the respective remaining crane points P2, P3, P4. [Fig.16] illustrates the assembly of the 10” crane part at the crane point P2 along the other axis (axis AC2) of the structure SP. Finalization of the assembly of the panels (S3) Once the crane parts have been mounted, the four remaining photovoltaic panels can be mounted on the unauthorized locations Z1-Z4, leaving, for each crane part, a space between the two adjacent panels concerned so as to allow the passage of the latch hook (and therefore the offset crane point) through the space provided. Let us take the crane part 10 for example. As illustrated in [Fig. 17], a photovoltaic panel PS1 is mounted on the stringers of the structure SP at the unauthorized location Z1, leaving a space E between said panel PS1 and the adjacent panel PS2 (the panel PS1 is shown transparently in the figure for better readability of the elements of the invention). The space E is sized to allow at least the passage, in this space, of the upper part of the offset member 120 provided with the latch hook 125, so that the offset crane point Pl' is located above the surface of the photovoltaic panels. The space E can be sized to be at least greater than the diameter of the base of the body 121 of the offset member. This makes it possible to subsequently facilitate the disassembly of the crane part (the principle of which is detailed later in relation to step S5). A space with a length of between 140 and 150 mm, for example with a length equal to 145 mm, is particularly well suited to the dimensional characteristics of the structure presented here as an illustrative example. It will be preferable to place the slings on the hooks with latches projecting above the surface of the panels as the remaining panels are mounted (and not once all the panels have been mounted) for ease of access to the hooks. This produces a platform ready to be craned according to the configuration illustrated in [Fig. 18]. Thus, unlike the solution of the prior art ([Fig. 3]), the invention allows for ground mounting of all the solar panels before carrying out the actual crane operation. Such an approach facilitates and secures the assembly of the platform on the mast of the solar tracker. Alternatively, it is of course possible, although less practical, to place the slings on the latch hooks only once all the panels have been mounted on the structure. Lifting the platform (S4) With the slings positioned at the four latch hooks, the opposite attachment points of the slings are then brought together at the connection point L, which is positioned above the center of gravity of the load and vertically above a hook of a lifting device, to proceed with the hoisting (craning) of the platform to the head of the solar tracker. It is noted that the craning part 10 is configured here so that the XY orientation plane of the offset means coincides with the craning axis of the sling E1 after it has been put in place. Such a configuration of the offset means relative to the direction of the slings makes it possible to ensure better distribution of the forces during the craning operation. Other examples of craning configuration are described later in relation to figures 21 to 27. Dismantling of crane parts (SS) Once the platform is assembled on the head of the solar tracker, the four crane parts are dismantled at height using the reversible fixing means. The lifting device is lowered so as to release the tension acting on the slings, which allows the operator via a cradle to remove the crane parts more easily. As illustrated in [Fig. 19], the locking pins are first removed to allow the release of the offset member 120 relative to the connecting yoke 130 under the lower level of the platform (operation represented by arrow F in the figure). The sling E1 is then removed from the hook of the offset member 120 and can be handled (operator and / or lifting device) without risk of contact with the surface of the panels. The set of screws fixing the support-yoke block 110-130 is then removed from the supporting structure. The support-yoke block 110-130 is separated, if necessary, by removing the screw and nut system. Once these operations are completed for all the crane parts of the system, the lifting device is removed and all the parts are recovered for later reuse on another site. The operating mode described above as an example proposes a preliminary assembly of photovoltaic panels on the authorized locations of the supporting structure SP before assembly of the crane parts. As an alternative, it is possible to consider dispensing with this step of preliminary assembly of panels and to start directly by an assembly of the plurality of crane parts on the supporting structure free of panels, and to proceed only then with a complete assembly of all the panels on the structure. Three other examples of crane configuration are presented below. [Fig. 21] illustrates a second example of a crane configuration according to the invention. It differs from the first example illustrated in [Fig. 18] in that the lifting configuration comprises a set of six lifting slings with two intermediate connection points L1-L2, L1 corresponding to the connection point of the lower slings E10-E11 and L2 corresponding to the connection point of the lower slings E12-E13. The upper slings E14 and E15 extend respectively from the connection points L1 and L2 to the final connection point L3. The lower slings E10-E11 and E12-E13 extend from the offset crane points of the system according to the invention to the intermediate connection points L1 and L2 respectively. On the one hand, we consider that the slings E10, E11, E12, E13 each define, once in place, a crane axis and, on the other hand, that the plane X1-Y1 defines the main orientation plane of the offset means.For the rest, let us take the example of the sling E10. As illustrated in Figures 22 and 23, the crane part 100 used in this example comprises a single-piece support-clevis block, the oblique support base 1100 being shaped so that the orientation plane X1-Y1 coincides with the crane axis of the sling E10 once it is in place. Such a configuration of the offset means relative to the direction of the slings makes it possible to ensure better distribution of the forces. [Fig. 24] illustrates a third example of a crane configuration according to the invention. It differs from the first and second examples illustrated in Figures 18 and 21 in that the lifting configuration comprises a rectangular spreader bar "four points" 240, a first set of four lifting slings E21-E24 extending from the four upper corners of the spreader bar to the connection point L', and a second set of four lifting slings E21'-E24' extending from the lower corners of the spreader bar to the crane points of the system according to the invention. It is considered that the slings E21'-E24° each define, once in place, a crane axis. For the following, let us take the example of the sling E21'. In this example, and as illustrated in figures 25 and 26, the support base of the crane part 200 is configured to allow orthogonal support of the connecting yoke relative to the receiving face of the structure so that, once the part 200 is mounted and the sling E21' is in place, the plane X2-Y2 of the offset means coincides with the crane axis of the sling E21'.Such a configuration of the offset means relative to the direction of the slings ensures better distribution of forces. [Fig. 27] illustrates a fourth example of a craning configuration according to the invention. It differs from the third example illustrated in Figures 24-26 in that the lifting configuration comprises a “two-point” spreader 340, a first set of two lifting slings E35-E36 extending from the upper ends of the spreader to the connection point L'', and a second set of four lifting slings E31-E34 extending from the lower ends of the spreader to the craning points of the system according to the invention. It is considered that the slings E31-E34 each define, once in place, a craning axis. For the remainder of this discussion, we will take the example of the sling E31. In this example, the crane part used is the crane part 200 used in the previous configuration example (figures 25-26).Once the 200 crane part is mounted and the E31 sling is in place, the X2-Y2 plane of the offset means is merged with the crane axis of the E31 sling, which ensures better distribution of forces during the crane operation.

Claims

Claims

1. Crane system for a platform of an energy production device solar, said platform comprising a supporting structure (SP) and a set of solar panels forming a solar collection surface, the supporting structure including crane points (P1-P4), the crane system being characterized in that it comprises a plurality of crane parts (10; 10”) each intended to be mounted on a separate crane point from the supporting structure, each part of crane operation comprising means for moving said crane point shaped so that, after assembly of the plurality of crane parts on the supporting structure, the crane points are offset above of the solar collection surface.

2. A crane system according to claim 1, wherein said means offset comprises a support base (110) shaped to be fixed on a receiving face of the supporting structure, a member of offset (120) one end of which forms the offset crane point, the support base and the offset member being secured by a yoke of connection (130) and configured so that the remote crane point forms projection, and allows at least one means of crane to be accommodated above of the solar collection surface.

3. A crane system according to claim 2, wherein said means offset are oriented according to a crane axis which is itself defined as a function of said at least one means of cranage after putting into place of this on the remote crane point.

4. A crane system according to any one of claims 2 and 3, in which the support base and the connecting yoke form a one-piece assembly.

5. A crane system according to any one of claims 2 and 3, in which the screed and the support base form at least two separate elements capable of mechanically coupling via means mechanical couplings.

6. A crane system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which a space is provided between at least two panels adjacent solar panels of said assembly so as to allow passage in the space provided by the offset member.

7. A crane system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the offset means comprise fixing means reversible to the supporting structure.

8. Method of hoisting a platform of an energy production device solar, the platform comprising a supporting structure (SP) and a set of solar panels forming a solar collection surface, the supporting structure including crane points (P1-P4), the process being characterized in that it comprises the successive steps following: - mounting (S2) of a plurality of crane parts (10; 10') each on a separate crane point from the supporting structure, each part of crane forming part of a plurality of crane parts included in a crane system defined according to any of the res- indications 1 to 7; - finalization of the assembly (S3) of solar panels of said assembly in providing, for each crane part, a space between at least two adjacent solar panels so as to allow passage in the space provided by the remote crane point, so as to obtain a platform ready to be craned where the said set of solar panels is mounted entirely on the supporting structure; - hoisting (S4) said ready-to-hoist platform via said hoisting points deported.

9. A crane system according to claim 8, comprising a step of prior assembly of solar panels of said assembly on at least one authorized location of the supporting structure, said at least one em- authorized placement being suitable for subsequent assembly of the parts of crane work on the supporting structure during the assembly stage of the crane parts.

10. Crane part (10) belonging to a plurality of crane parts included in a crane system for a platform of a device solar energy production, the platform comprising a structure carrier (SP) and a set of solar panels forming a surface solar capture, the supporting structure including points of crane (P1-P4), said crane part being characterized in that it is intended to be mounted on one of the structure's crane points carrier and in that it comprises means for offsetting said point of cranes designed so that, after assembly on said crane point, said crane point is offset above the capture surface solar.