Organic compound, solar cell and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an organic compound, a solar cell and application thereof. The organic compound is shown as a formula (1), wherein Ar is selected from any one of substituted or unsubstituted aryl with the ring-forming atom number of 6-50, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with the ring-forming atom number of 5-50, a group shown as a formula (A) and a group shown as a formula (B), Ar'is selected from an electrically neutral organic group, and L is selected from a paraffin subunit with the carbon atom number of 1-10; r1 is an oxyacid group; n1 is selected from any integer of 1-3, and m1 is selected from any integer of 1-10; or the organic compound is an oxyacid radical salt of the compound as shown in the formula (1). The organic compound not only can be used as a passivation material, but also can be used as a hole transport material, and can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell when being applied to preparation of the solar cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly to an organic compound, a solar cell and its application. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite solar cells have many excellent optoelectronic properties, such as a high light absorption coefficient, a long carrier lifetime, and a relatively long diffusion length, and have become the leader among the third-generation new solar cells.

[0003] However, on the one hand, there are generally defects in the bulk phase and the surface and interface of perovskite materials. For example, perovskite thin films prepared by the solution method usually generate grain boundary defects and crystal defects. These defects not only lead to a decrease in crystal quality, affect the transport of carriers, but also accelerate the penetration of moisture / oxygen, accelerate the degradation of perovskite, and thus have an adverse impact on both the efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells; on the other hand, traditional hole transport layer materials are unstable and have too many defects, which also reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of solar cells.

[0004] Therefore, traditional technologies still need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an organic compound, a solar cell and its application, aiming to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

[0006] This application is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0007] In the first aspect of this application, an organic compound is provided, and the organic compound is shown as formula (1):

[0008]

[0009] Wherein, Ar is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group with 6 to 50 ring-forming atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group with 5 to 50 ring-forming atoms, a group shown as formula (A), and a group shown as formula (B):

[0010]

[0011] Ar' is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 5 to 30 ring-forming atoms;

[0012] Ar 1 ~Ar 6Each independently selected from any one of H, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and Ar 1 ~Ar 3 At least one of them is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, Ar 4 ~Ar 6 At least one of them is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms;

[0013] L is selected from an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms;

[0014] R 1 Is an oxygen-containing acid group; n 1 Is selected from any integer from 1 to 3, and m 1 Is selected from any integer from 1 to 10;

[0015] Alternatively, the organic compound is an oxygen-containing acid root salt of the compound represented by formula (1).

[0016] When the above organic compound is used to prepare a solar cell, it can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of the solar cell. The above organic compound combines Ar, Ar', L and R with specific group structures 1 Organically to form the compound of formula (1) or further form an oxygen-containing acid root salt. Ar is the terminal group, L is the linking group L, and R 1 Is the head group. When the organic compound is applied to the preparation of a solar cell, the terminal group Ar with an aromatic group will cause π-π interaction between the organic compound molecules through the π bond of the aromatic group, inducing the molecules to form an ordered self-assembled molecular film. R 1 Can combine with metal ions such as trivalent nickel, or can anchor the hole transport layer, or can have a hydrogen bond interaction with the A-site cation in the perovskite, so as to play a role in passivating metal ions. At the same time, L plays a role in reducing steric hindrance. Meanwhile, a second aryl group Ar' is introduced between the terminal group Ar and the linking group L. On the basis of keeping the molecular energy level of the organic compound changed little, the dipole of the organic compound is increased, so that the work function of the molecular film formed after the self-assembly of the organic compound is more compatible with the perovskite layer. When applied to the preparation of a solar cell, a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be obtained.

[0017] In some embodiments, each occurrence of Ar' is independently selected from any one or any combination of the following groups Ar'1 to Ar'7:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, Ya to Y f are each independently selected from -C(R 2 R 3 )-, -N(R 4 )-, -O-, -Si(R 6 R 7 )-, -P(R 8 )-, -S-, -As-, -Se-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR 9 )-, -C(=CR 10 )-;

[0020] Z 1 to Z 7 each occurrence is independently selected from C(R 11 ) or N;

[0021] R 2 to R 11 are each independently selected from H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaryl group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, -OC(=O)R 12 (R 13 ), -NHC(=O)R 14 (R 2 ), -L 1 N + (R 15 (R 3 X 1 - ), -L 2 P + (R 16 (R 3 X 2 - ;

[0022] L 1 and L 2 are each independently selected from a single bond and an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R 12 to R 16 are each independently selected from or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 12 to R 13 is not; X 1 - and X 2 - are each independently selected from halogen ions;

[0023] * represents a connection site.

[0024] In some of these embodiments, Ar' satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) to (3):

[0025] (1) Y a ~Y f are each independently selected from -C(R 2 R 3 )-, -N(R 4 )-, -O-, -Si(R 6 R 7 )-, -P(R 8 )- and -S-;

[0026] (2) R 2 ~R 10 are each independently selected from H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

[0027] (3) R 11 is selected from H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0028] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of Ar' is independently selected from any one or a combination of more than one of the following groups:

[0029]

[0030] * represents a connection site.

[0031] In some of these embodiments, Ar is selected from any one of the groups formed by removing one hydrogen atom from the structures represented by Formula (A) to Formula (G):

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] Wherein, X 1 ~X 6 are each independently selected from a single bond, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N, NR 26 , C=O or S=O, and X 1 and X 2 are not both single bonds, X 3 and X 4 are not both single bonds, X 5 and X 6Not a single bond at the same time; when y is any integer from 1 to 3 and y ≥ 2, X 1 are each independently selected from C(R 24 R 25 ));

[0035] Y 1 each occurrence is independently selected from CR 27 or N;

[0036] Y 2 ~Y 6 are each independently selected from C(R 28 R 29 ), O, S, N, NR 30 , C=O or S=O;

[0037] R 17 ~R 30 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 31 ), 2 -CONR 32 , -OCOR 33 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;

[0038] R 31 ~R 33 each occurrence is independently selected from H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, and R 32 and R 33 are not H or D;

[0039] Ar 7 and Ar 8 are each independently selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;

[0040] m 2 、m 3 and m 5 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4, m 4 、m 6 and m 7 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 6, m 8 and m 9 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 2.

[0041] In some of these embodiments, in formula (C), X 1 is a single bond, and when X 2 is selected from NR 26 , at least one R 17 or at least one R 18 is not H.

[0042] In some of these embodiments, Ar 7 and Ar 8 are each independently selected from H or any one of the following structures:

[0043]

[0044] wherein: Y 7 ~Y 9 are each independently selected from CR 28 R 29 , O, S, S=O, C=O;

[0045] Each Z 8 ~Z 14 , each time it appears, is independently selected from CR 29 or N, and Z 8 ~Z 14 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N;

[0046] R 34 ~R 36 , each time it appears, is independently selected from H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted branched-chain alkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0047] In some of these embodiments, Ar is selected from any one of the following groups:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] wherein, R 37 ~R 65 , each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , -CONR 67 , -OCOR 68, any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; R 66～ R 68 Each of them is independently selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;

[0052] m 10 ~m 11 、m 14 、m 19 ~m 20 and m 23 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 5, m 13 、m 16 ~m 17 、m 22 、m 25 ~m 26 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 6, m 12 、m 15 、m 18 、m 21 、m 24 、m 27 ~m 29 、m 32 ~m 33、 n 2 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4, m 30 ~m 31 、m 34 ~m 35 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 2.

[0053] In some embodiments, the organic compound satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) to (2):

[0054] (1)R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;

[0055] Optionally, R 17 ~R 30 , R37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 15 ring atoms;

[0056] Optionally, R 17 ~R 30 、R 37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 10 ring atoms;

[0057] (2)R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms substituted with a halogen;

[0058] Optionally, R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0059] In some embodiments, R 1 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of a phosphonic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a boric acid group, or a silicic acid group;

[0060] Optionally, R 1 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of the following structures:

[0061]

[0062] * represents the connection site.

[0063] In some of these embodiments, the oxoacid salt of the compound represented by the formula (1) includes an anion and a cation. The anion is formed by removing H from at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group in the oxoacid group of the compound represented by the formula (1), and the cation is selected from metal ions or NH 4 + .

[0064] In some of these embodiments, the organic compound includes at least one of the compounds represented by the formula (SAM1) to the formula (SAM17) and the oxoacid salts of the compounds represented by the formula (SAM1) to the formula (SAM17):

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] In the second aspect of the present application, there is provided an application of the organic compound of the first aspect as a passivation material or a hole transport material.

[0068] In the third aspect of the present application, there is provided a solar cell, which includes the organic compound of the first aspect.

[0069] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell satisfies any one of the conditions (1) to (3):

[0070] (1) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, and the perovskite layer includes the organic compound;

[0071] (2) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer stacked; at least one of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer includes the organic compound;

[0072] (3) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer stacked, and a passivation layer provided on at least one surface of the hole transport layer; at least one of the perovskite layer, the hole transport layer and the passivation layer includes the organic compound;

[0073] Optionally, a passivation layer is provided between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer.

[0074] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell satisfies at least one of the conditions (1) to (3):

[0075] (1) The passivation layer includes the organic compound, and the mass percentage of the organic compound in the passivation layer is K1, 0 < K1 ≤ 100%;

[0076] (2) The hole transport layer includes the organic compound, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, where 0 < K2 ≤ 100%;

[0077] (3) The perovskite layer includes the organic compound, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, where 0.01% < K3 ≤ 0.5%.

[0078] In the fourth aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic module is provided, which includes the solar cell of the third aspect.

[0079] In the fifth aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic system is provided, which includes the photovoltaic module of the fourth aspect.

[0080] In the sixth aspect of the present application, an electrical device is further provided, which includes at least one of the solar cell of the third aspect and the photovoltaic module of the fourth aspect. Description of the Drawings

[0081] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present application. Moreover, in all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0082] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0084] Description of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0085] 10 Perovskite solar cell; 11 First electrode; 12 Hole transport layer; 13 Passivation layer; 14 Perovskite layer; 15 Electron transport layer; 16 Hole blocking layer; 17 Second electrode;

[0086] 20 Perovskite solar cell; 21 First electrode; 22 Hole transport layer; 23 Perovskite layer; 24 Electron transport layer; 25 Hole blocking layer; 26 Second electrode. Detailed Embodiments

[0087] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application more clearly and thus are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0088] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0089] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0090] Referring to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appearing at various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0091] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "plurality" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0092] In this application, unless otherwise specified, "room temperature" generally refers to 4°C to 30°C, preferably 20 ± 5°C.

[0093] In this application, the term "alkyl group" refers to the group formed after an alkane loses one hydrogen. For example, methane loses one hydrogen to form a methyl group; "alkylene group or alkane-substituted group" refers to the group formed after an alkane loses two hydrogens. For example, methane loses two hydrogens to form a methylene group.

[0094] The term "alkyl group" refers to the group formed after an alkane in which all carbon atoms are connected by single carbon-carbon bonds and do not form a ring, and the remaining valence bonds are combined with hydrogen, loses one hydrogen, including straight-chain alkyl groups and branched-chain alkyl groups.

[0095] In the present application, the number of carbon atoms in the "alkyl group" can be from 1 to 20, including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, which refers to a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms and a branched-chain alkyl group with 3 to 20 carbon atoms; non-limiting examples include the groups formed after removing one hydrogen atom from methane, ethane, n-propane, isopropane, n-butane, isobutane, 2-ethylbutane, 3,3-dimethylbutane, n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane, 1-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2-ethylpentane, 4-methyl-2-pentane, n-hexane, 1-methylhexane, 2-ethylhexane, 2-butylhexane, n-heptane, 1-methylheptane, 2,2-dimethylheptane, 2-ethylheptane, n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane, etc.

[0096] In the present application, the "number of ring-forming atoms" represents the number of atoms that form a ring by bonding. When the ring is substituted by a substituent, the atoms contained in the substituent are not included in the ring-forming atoms. The same applies to the "number of ring-forming atoms" described below, for example, the number of ring-forming atoms of a benzene ring is 6, the number of ring-forming atoms of a naphthalene ring is 10, and the number of ring-forming atoms of thiophene is 5.

[0097] "Aryl group" refers to a hydrocarbon group with aromaticity, including monocyclic aryl groups and polycyclic aryl groups. A polycyclic aryl group refers to a group formed by connecting two or more monocyclic aromatic rings through two adjacent shared ring atoms, that is, a fused ring. Further: the π electrons of the aryl group should satisfy 4n + 2 (Hückel's rule).

[0098] "Heteroaryl group" refers to a group in which at least one ring-forming atom is a heteroatom and has aromaticity. Heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, N, P, O, and S.

[0099] Non-limiting examples of the "aryl group" in the present application include: benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, benzo[a]phenanthrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, tetracene, or fluorene, etc.; non-limiting examples of the "heteroaryl group" include: pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, indole, carbazole, pyrroloimidazole, pyrrolopyrrole, thiophenopyrrole, thiophenothiophene, furanopyrrole, furanofuran, thiophenofuran, benzisoxazole, benzisothiazole, benzimidazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, phenanthridine, perimidine, quinazoline, quinazolinone, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, etc.; non-limiting examples of the "arylamino group" include: substituted or unsubstituted aniline, substituted or unsubstituted diphenylamine, or substituted or unsubstituted triphenylamine.

[0100] In the present application, when the connection site is not specified in the group, it means that any optional connection site in the group can be used as the connection site.

[0101] In the present application, the single bond to which the substituent is attached passes through the corresponding ring, indicating that the substituent can be connected to any position of the ring. For example In the formula, R is linked to any substitutable site of the naphthalene ring. When the same substituent R appears multiple times, it can be independently selected from different groups. For example, there are 6 substitutable sites on the naphthalene ring, that is, j can be 6, and each R can be the same or different. When R is H, it represents the absence of a substituent. In this case, it is naphthalene.

[0103] In this application, "substituted or unsubstituted" means that the defined group can be substituted or unsubstituted. When the defined group is substituted, it should be understood that it is optionally substituted by a group acceptable in the art, including but not limited to: C1-C30 alkyl, heterocyclic group containing 3-20 ring atoms, aryl group containing 5-20 ring atoms, heteroaryl group containing 5-20 ring atoms, halogen.

[0104] In this application, when two groups are connected by a connection point, for example in the formula, when R is selected from a single bond, it means that the two groups do not need to be connected by a specific group and are directly connected by a single bond, that is

[0105] In this application, when at least two ring atoms are shared between two ring structures in the structural schematic diagram, it represents that the two ring structures are fused. If one of the ring structure groups is selected from H, it means that this ring structure does not exist. For example in the formula, when Ar 7 or Ar 8 is selected from H, it means that Ar 7 or Ar 8 does not exist. For example, when both Ar 7 and Ar 8 are H, this structure is

[0106] In one embodiment of this application, an organic compound is provided. The organic compound is shown in formula (1):

[0107]

[0108] Among them, Ar is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6-50 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 5-50 ring atoms, the group shown in formula (A) and the group shown in formula (B):

[0109]

[0110] Ar' is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group with 6-30 ring atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group with 5-30 ring atoms;

[0111] Ar 1 ~Ar 6Each is independently selected from any one of H, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, and Ar 1 ~Ar 3 At least one of them is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms, Ar 4 ~Ar 6 At least one of them is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring-forming atoms;

[0112] L is selected from alkylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms;

[0113] R 1 is an oxygen-containing acid group; n 1 is selected from any integer from 1 to 3, and m 1 is selected from any integer from 1 to 10;

[0114] Alternatively, the organic compound is an oxygen-containing acid root salt of the compound represented by formula (1).

[0115] When the above-mentioned organic compound is used for preparing a solar cell, it can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of the solar cell. The above-mentioned organic compound organically combines Ar, Ar', L and R with specific group structures 1 to form the compound of formula (1) or further form an oxygen-containing acid root salt. Ar is a terminal group, L is a linking group, and R 1 is a head group. When the organic compound is applied to prepare a solar cell, the terminal group Ar with an aromatic group will cause π-π interaction between the organic compound molecules through the π bond of the aromatic group, inducing the molecules to form an ordered self-assembled molecular film. R 1 can either combine with metal ions such as trivalent nickel, or can anchor the hole transport layer, or can have a hydrogen bond interaction with the A-site cation in the perovskite, so as to play a role in passivating metal ions. At the same time, L plays a role in reducing steric hindrance. Meanwhile, a second aryl group Ar' is introduced between the terminal group Ar and the linking group L. On the basis of keeping the change of the molecular energy level of the organic compound small, the dipole of the organic compound is increased, so that the work function of the molecular film formed after self-assembly of the organic compound is more compatible with the perovskite layer. When applied to prepare a solar cell, a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be obtained.

[0116] In some embodiments, each time Ar' appears, it is independently selected from any one or any combination of the following groups Ar'1 to Ar'7:

[0117]

[0118] It is understandable that the above-mentioned "combination of any plurality" means that any plurality of groups are combined by single-bond connection. Further, * represents the connection site.

[0119] Among them, Y a ~Y f are each independently selected from -C(R 2 R 3 )-, -N(R 4 )-, -O-, -Si(R 6 R 7 )-, -P(R 8 )-, -S-, -As-, -Se-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR 9 )-, -C(=CR 10 )- among any one.

[0120] "Y f + " is a group formed after Y loses one electron.

[0121] Z 1 ~Z 7 Each time it appears, it is independently selected from -C(R 11 )- or N.

[0122] "Z 7 - " is a group formed after Z 7 gains one electron.

[0123] R 2 ~R 11 are each independently selected from H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group with 6 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaryl group with 5 to 10 ring atoms, -OC(=O)R 12 , -NHC(=O)R 13 , -N(R 14 ) 2 , -L 1 N + (R 15 ) 3 X 1 - , -L 2 P + (R 16 ) 3 X 2 - .

[0124] L 1 and L 2Each independently selected from any one of a single bond and an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R 12 ~R 16 Each independently selected from or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 12 ~R 13 is not H; X 1 - and X 2 - Each independently selected from halogen ions.

[0125] * represents a bonding site.

[0126] In some embodiments, Y a ~Y f Each occurrence is independently selected from -C(R 2 R 3 )-, -N(R 4 )-, -O-, -Si(R 6 R 7 )-, -P(R 8 )-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR 9 )-, -C(=CR 10 )- any one of.

[0127] In some embodiments, Y a ~Y f Each occurrence is independently selected from -C(R 2 R 3 )-, -N(R 4 )-, -O-, -Si(R 6 R 7 )-, -P(R 8 )- and -S- any one of.

[0128] In some embodiments, Y a ~Y f Each occurrence is independently selected from -C(R 2 R 3 )-, -N(R 4 )-, -O-, -Si(R 6 R 7 )- any one of.

[0129] In some embodiments, R 2 ~R 10 Each independently selected from H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0130] In some of these embodiments, R 2 ~R 10 are each independently selected from any one of H, F, Cl, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaryl group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0131] In some of these embodiments, R 2 ~R 10 are each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0132] In some of these embodiments, R 2 ~R 10 are each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0133] In some of these embodiments, R 2 ~R 10 are each independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0134] In some of these embodiments, R 11 is selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaryl group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0135] In some of these embodiments, R 11 is selected from any one of H, F, Cl, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaryl group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0136] In some of these embodiments, R 11 is selected from any one of H, F, Cl, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaryl group having 5 to 8 ring atoms.

[0137] In some of these embodiments, R 12 ~R 16 are each independently selected from H or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0138] In some of these embodiments, R 12 ~R 16 are each independently selected from H or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0139] In some of these embodiments, R 12 ~R 16 are each independently selected from H or a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0140] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of Ar' is independently selected from any one or a combination of more than one of the following groups:

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] * represents the connection site.

[0144] When Ar' is selected as a combination of more than one of the above groups, each group may occur once or multiple times, and the groups may be connected by a single bond or by fusion; further, the groups are connected by forming a carbon-carbon single bond or by fusing through their respective ring-forming atoms; furthermore, the groups may be connected by forming a carbon-carbon double bond through the carbon atoms on the ring-forming atoms or by fusing through the carbon atoms in their respective ring-forming atoms.

[0145] In some of these embodiments, non-limiting examples of the combination of more than one of the above groups are as follows, including but not limited to the following structures:

[0146]

[0147] Ar is selected from any one of the groups formed by removing a hydrogen atom from the structures shown in Formula (A) to Formula (G):

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] Wherein, X 1 ~X 6 are each independently selected from a single bond, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N, NR 26 , C=O or S=O, and X 1 and X2 are not both single bonds, X 3 and X 4 are not both single bonds, X 5 and X 6 are not both single bonds; y is selected from any integer of 1 to 3, and when y ≥ 2, X 1 are each independently selected from C(R 24 R 25 ));

[0151] Y 1 each occurrence is independently selected from CR 27 or N;

[0152] Y 2 to Y 6 are each independently selected from C(R 28 R 29 ), O, S, N, NR 30 , C=O or S=O;

[0153] R 17 to R 30 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 31 ), 2 , -CONR 32 , -OCOR 33 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;

[0154] R 31 to R 33 each occurrence is independently selected from H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; and R 32 and R 33 are not H or D.

[0155] Ar 7 and Ar 8 are each independently selected from H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms;

[0156] m 2 , m 3 and m 5 are each independently selected from any integer of 1 to 4, m 4 , m6 and m 7 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 6, and m 8 and m 9 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 2.

[0157] In some embodiments, m 2 , m 3 and m 5 are each independently selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0158] In some embodiments, m 4 , m 6 and m 7 are each independently selected from any integer from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0159] In some embodiments, m 8 and m 9 are each independently selected from 1 or 2.

[0160] In some embodiments, in formula (C), X 1 is a single bond, when X 2 is selected from NR 26 , at least one R 17 or at least one R 18 is not H.

[0161] In some embodiments, wherein, X 1 to X 6 are each independently selected from a single bond, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N, NR 26 any one of them.

[0162] In some embodiments, X 1 is selected from a single bond, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N any one of them.

[0163] Y 2 to Y 6 are each independently selected from C(R 28 R 29 ), O, S, N, NR 30 any one of them.

[0164] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 17 to R 18 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2, any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.

[0165] In some embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and any one of a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0166] In some embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and any one of a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0167] In some embodiments, R 17 ~R 18 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and any one of a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 7 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0168] In some embodiments, R 19 ~R 20Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.

[0169] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 19 ~R 20 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0170] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 19 ~R 20 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0171] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 19 ~R 20 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen.

[0172] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 21 ~R 22 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2, any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.

[0173] In some embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0174] In some embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0175] In some embodiments, R 21 ~R 22 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0176] In some embodiments, R 23 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.

[0177] In some of these embodiments, R 23 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 2 to 20 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0178] In some of these embodiments, R 23 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0179] In some of these embodiments, R 23 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0180] In some of these embodiments, R 24 to R 25 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2, any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms.

[0181] In some embodiments, R 24 ~R 25 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ), 2 , any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0182] In some embodiments, R 24 ~R 25 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ), 2 , any one of an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0183] In some embodiments, R 24 ~R 25 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ), 2 , any one of a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0184] In some embodiments, R 26 ~R27 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0185] In some embodiments, R 26 ~R 27 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0186] In some embodiments, R 26 ~R 27 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 25 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0187] In some embodiments, R 28 ~R 30Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0188] In some embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0189] In some embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0190] In some embodiments, R 28 ~R 30 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0191] In some embodiments, R 28 ~R 30Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0192] In some embodiments, R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring-forming atoms.

[0193] In some embodiments, R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0194] In some embodiments, R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0195] In some embodiments, R 31 ~R 33Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0196] Ar 7 and Ar 8 are each independently selected from any one of H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 10 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0197] In some embodiments, Ar 7 and Ar 8 are each independently selected from H or any one of the following structures:

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] Wherein: Y 7 ~Y 9 is selected from any one of CR 34 R 35 , O, S, S=O, C=O;

[0201] Each Z 8 ~Z 14 each occurrence is independently selected from CR 36 or N, and each Z 8 ~Z 14 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N.

[0202] Each Z 8 ~Z 14 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, that is, each Z 8 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, each Z 9 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, each Z 10 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, each Z 11 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, each Z 12 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, each Z 13 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N, each Z 14 in the same structural formula are not simultaneously N. R 34 ~R36 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted branched-chain alkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.

[0203] In some embodiments, Ar 7 and Ar 8 are independently selected from H or any one of the following structures:

[0204]

[0205] In some embodiments, Y 7 ~Y 9 are independently selected from any one of CR 34 R 35 , O, and S.

[0206] In some embodiments, Y 7 ~Y 9 are independently selected from any one of CR 34 R 35 , O.

[0207] In some embodiments, R 34 ~R 36 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a halogen-substituted branched-chain alkyl having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0208] In some embodiments, R 34 ~R 36 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and a halogen-substituted branched-chain alkyl having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0209] In some embodiments, Ar 7 and Ar 8 are independently selected from H or phenyl.

[0210] In some embodiments, Ar is selected from any one of the following groups:

[0211]

[0212]

[0213]

[0214] Among them, R 37 ~R 65 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , -CONR 67 , -OCOR 68 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, respectively.

[0215] R 66～ R 68 are independently selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, respectively.

[0216] In some embodiments, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, respectively.

[0217] Optionally, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms, or an aromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, respectively.

[0218] Optionally, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 10 ring atoms, and an aromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, respectively.

[0219] In some embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, respectively.

[0220] In some embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, respectively.

[0221] In some embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, respectively.

[0222] In some embodiments, R 37 ~R 39 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, respectively.

[0223] In some embodiments, R 37 ~R39 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, respectively.

[0224] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 40 ~R 42 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, respectively.

[0225] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 40 ~R 42 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms, respectively.

[0226] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 40 ~R 42 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, respectively.

[0227] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 40 ~R 42 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, respectively.

[0228] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 40 ~R42 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0229] In some embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0230] In some embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0231] In some embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0232] In some embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0233] In some of these embodiments, R 43 ~R 45 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0234] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0235] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0236] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0237] In some of these embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 each time it appears, is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2, any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms which is substituted or unsubstituted.

[0238] In some embodiments, R 46 ~R 48 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0239] In some embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0240] In some embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms.

[0241] In some embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms.

[0242] In some embodiments, R 49 ~R51 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring-forming atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, respectively.

[0243] In some embodiments, R 49 ~R 51 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring-forming atoms, respectively.

[0244] In some embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms, respectively.

[0245] In some embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkane group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring-forming atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring-forming atoms, respectively.

[0246] In some embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2, any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0247] In some embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0248] In some embodiments, R 52 ~R 55 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0249] In some embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0250] In some embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0251] In some embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0252] In some embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0253] In some embodiments, R 56 ~R 57 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0254] In some embodiments, R 58 ~R 59 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0255] In some embodiments, R 58 ~R 59Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0256] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 58 to R 59 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

[0257] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 58 to R 59 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0258] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 58 to R 59 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms.

[0259] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 60 to R 61 is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0260] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 each time it appears, is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms.

[0261] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 each time it appears, is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 0 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0262] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 each time it appears, is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0263] In some of these embodiments, R 60 ~R 61 each time it appears, is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ), 2 a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkane group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkane group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0264] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0265] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 20 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 20 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0266] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, any one of them.

[0267] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2 , an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, or a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, any one of them.

[0268] In some of these embodiments, R 62 ~R 63 each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 ) 2, any one of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0269] In some embodiments, R 64 ~R 68 Each occurrence is independently selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0270] Optionally, R 64 ~R 68 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0271] In some embodiments, R 64 ~R 68 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, D, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 8 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 8 ring atoms substituted by a halogen.

[0272] In some embodiments, m 10 ~m 11 , m 14 , m 19 ~m 20 and m 23 are independently selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0273] In some embodiments, m 13 , m 16~m 17 、m 22 、m 25 ~m 26 are each independently selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0274] In some embodiments, m 12 、m 15 、m 18 、m 21 、m 24 、m 27 ~m 29 、m 32 ~m 33 、n 2 are each independently selected from 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0275] In some embodiments, m 30 ~m 31 、m 34 ~m 35 are each independently selected from 1 or 2.

[0276] In some embodiments, each occurrence of R 1 is independently selected from any one of a phosphonic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a boric acid group or a silicic acid group;

[0277] Optionally, the phosphonic acid group includes at least one of an orthophosphonic acid group, a phosphinic acid group and a metaphosphonic acid group.

[0278] Optionally, each occurrence of R 1 is independently selected from any one of the following structures:

[0279]

[0280] * represents the connection site.

[0281] In some embodiments, the oxygen-containing acid root salt of the compound represented by formula (1) includes an anion and a cation, the anion is formed by removing H from at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group in the oxygen-containing acid group in the compound represented by formula (1), and the cation is selected from a metal ion or NH 4 + .

[0282] In some embodiments, the above metal ions include at least one of an alkali metal ion, a calcium ion, a magnesium ion, an iron ion, a copper ion, a zinc ion and an aluminum ion.

[0283] In some embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0284] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from alkylene groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0285] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from straight-chain alkylene groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or branched-chain alkylene groups having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0286] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from alkylene groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0287] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from alkylene groups having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0288] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from straight-chain alkylene groups or branched-chain alkylene groups having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0289] In some of these embodiments, each occurrence of L is independently selected from any one of methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, and decyl.

[0290] In some of these embodiments, the organic compound includes at least one of the compounds represented by the following formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17) and the oxygen-containing acid root salts of the compounds represented by the formulas (SAM1) to (SAM17):

[0291]

[0292]

[0293]

[0294] In some of these embodiments, the above organic compound can be prepared with reference to the commonly used organic synthesis methods in the art. Here, taking the compound of formula (SAM1) as an example, its preparation method is illustrated as follows, including the following steps:

[0295] Perform a first substitution reaction on compound 1 and compound 2 to prepare compound 3. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0296]

[0297] In some of these embodiments, the first substitution reaction is carried out under the action of potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) and copper(I) iodide (CuI).

[0298] In some of these embodiments, the temperature of the first substitution reaction is 100°C to 145°C, and the time is 15 h to 25 h.

[0299] In some of these embodiments, the first substitution reaction is carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide (MDF).

[0300] Compound 3 and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 ) are subjected to a second substitution reaction to prepare the compound of formula (SAM1), and the synthetic route is as follows:

[0301]

[0302] In some of these embodiments, the above-mentioned second substitution reaction is carried out under the action of tributylbromosilane (TMSBr).

[0303] In some of these embodiments, the above-mentioned second substitution reaction is carried out in methanol (MeOH).

[0304] One embodiment of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned organic compound as a passivation material or a hole transport material.

[0305] One embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell, which includes the above-mentioned organic compound.

[0306] The above-mentioned organic compound can be used as a passivation material or a hole transport material, and can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0307] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell includes a perovskite layer and a hole transport layer stacked, and a passivation layer provided on at least one surface of the hole transport layer. In some of these embodiments, at least one of the perovskite layer, the hole transport layer, and the passivation layer includes the organic compound.

[0308] It can be understood that the hole transport layer has two relatively arranged surfaces, one closer to the perovskite layer and the other away from the perovskite layer, and the passivation layer can be provided on at least one surface, that is, it includes any of the following schemes:

[0309] The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, a hole transport layer, and a passivation layer stacked; or

[0310] The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, a passivation layer, and a hole transport layer stacked; or

[0311] The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, a passivation layer, a hole transport layer, and a passivation layer stacked.

[0312] The above-mentioned organic compound can be doped in the perovskite layer to play a passivation role, and can both play a hole transport role and a passivation role in the hole transport layer or in the passivation layer.

[0313] In some of these embodiments, a passivation layer is provided between the titanium ore layer and the hole transport layer.

[0314] It is understandable that the perovskite layer includes perovskite materials commonly used in the art.

[0315] In some embodiments, the chemical formula of the perovskite material satisfies ABX 3 or A 2 CDX 6 ; wherein, A is an inorganic cation or an organic ammonium cation or a mixture of the two, and can be at least one of formamidinium ion (FA), methylammonium ion (MA), and Cs; B is an inorganic metal cation, and can be at least one of Pb ion and Sn ion; C is a noble metal cation, and is commonly Ag+; D is a heavy metal or rare metal cation, and can be bismuth cation Bi 3+ , antimony cation Sb 3+ , and indium cation In 3+ at least one of; X is oxygen or a halogen element, and can be at least one of O, Br, and I.

[0316] In some embodiments, the band gap of the above perovskite layer is 1.20 eV to 2.30 eV, and the thickness is 200 nm to 1000 nm.

[0317] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , a solar cell 10, which includes a hole transport layer 12, a passivation layer 13, and a perovskite layer 14 arranged in a stacked manner, and at least one of the passivation layer 13, the hole transport layer 12, and the perovskite layer 14 includes the above organic compound.

[0318] In some embodiments, the component of the passivation layer 13 includes the organic compound of the first aspect, and the mass ratio of the organic compound in the passivation layer is K1, 0 < K1 ≤ 100%.

[0319] Optionally, K1 can be 1 to 100 wt%, such as 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 100 wt%.

[0320] In some embodiments, when K1 is not 100%, the passivation layer can further include other passivation materials commonly used in the art, such as SAM18, SAM19, etc. exemplified later; when K1 is 100%, it means that the material of the passivation layer is the above organic compound.

[0321] In one embodiment, the thickness of the passivation layer is 1 to 50 nm.

[0322] Optionally, the thickness of the passivation layer can be 1 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm, or 50 nm, or a range composed of any two values.

[0323] In some of these embodiments, when the passivation layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the material of the hole transport layer can be at least one of various hole transport materials commonly used in the art and the above-mentioned organic compound. At this time, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer can be 0 to 100%; optionally, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer can be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 100%.

[0324] Various hole transport materials commonly used in the art include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following materials and their derivatives: nickel oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-p-methoxyanilino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4Pacz).

[0325] In some of these embodiments, when the passivation layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer can be 0 to 0.5%; optionally, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer can be 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%.

[0326] In some of these embodiments, the hole transport layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass ratio of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, where 0 < K2 ≤ 100%.

[0327] Optionally, K2 can be 1 to 100 wt%, such as 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, or 100 wt% or a range composed of any two values.

[0328] In some of these embodiments, when K2 is not 100%, the hole transport layer can also include other common hole transport layer materials in the art, such as at least one of nickel oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-p-methoxyanilino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4Pacz).

[0329] In some of these embodiments, when K2 is 100%, it means that the material of the hole transport layer is the above-mentioned organic compound.

[0330] In one embodiment, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 1 to 50 nm.

[0331] Optionally, the thickness of the hole transport layer can be 1 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm or 50 nm, or a range composed of any two values.

[0332] In some of these embodiments, when the hole transport layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer can be 0 to 0.5%; optionally, the mass proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer can be 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%.

[0333] In some of these embodiments, when the hole transport layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the passivation layer can be 0 to 100%; optionally, the mass proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the passivation layer can be 0, 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt%, 70wt%, 80wt%, 90wt% or 100wt% or a range composed of any two values.

[0334] In some of these embodiments, the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, 0.01% ≤ K3 ≤ 0.5%.

[0335] Optionally, 0.01% < K3 ≤ 0.5%; further, K3 can be selected as 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, such as 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% or 0.5 wt% or a range composed of any two values.

[0336] In some of these embodiments, the above-mentioned organic compound is doped by adding it to the perovskite precursor solution, wherein the concentration of the organic compound in the perovskite precursor solution is 0.1 mg / mL to 5 mg / mL.

[0337] In some of these embodiments, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass proportion of the above-mentioned organic compound in the passivation layer can be 0 to 100%; further, it can be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0338] In other words, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the above-mentioned organic compound may be present in the passivation layer, or other commonly used passivation materials in the art may be used, or a mixture of the two.

[0339] Other commonly used passivation materials in the art are as described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0340] In some embodiments, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer may be 0-100%; further, it may be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0341] In other words, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the above-mentioned organic compound may be present in the hole transport layer, or other commonly used hole transport materials in the art may be used, or a mixture of the two.

[0342] Other commonly used hole transport materials in the art are as described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0343] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , the above-mentioned solar cell 10 further includes a first electrode 11, an electron transport layer 15, a hole blocking layer 16 and a second electrode 17.

[0344] Among them, the first electrode 11 is located on the surface of the hole transport layer 12 away from the passivation layer 13, the electron transport layer 15 is located on the surface of the perovskite layer 14 away from the passivation layer 13, the hole blocking layer 16 is located on the surface of the electron transport layer 15 away from the perovskite layer 14, and the second electrode 17 is located on the surface of the hole blocking layer 16 away from the electron transport layer 15.

[0345] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned solar cell 10 may be a normal solar cell (n-i-p planar structure) or a reverse solar cell (p-i-n planar structure).

[0346] It should be noted that when the first electrode 11 is a transparent electrode, that is, the first electrode side is used as the light incident side, the above-mentioned solar cell 10 is a reverse solar cell at this time. On the contrary, when the second electrode 17 is a transparent electrode, that is, the second electrode side is used as the light incident side, the above-mentioned solar cell 10 is a normal solar cell at this time. In some embodiments, the first electrode 11 is a transparent conductive electrode, and the material of the first electrode 11 may be any one of fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO), boron-doped zinc oxide (BZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), and IZO.

[0347] In some of these embodiments, the components in the electron transport layer 15 can be commonly used electron transport materials in the art. Non-limiting examples include: [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM), [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM), fullerene C60 (C60), fullerene C70 (C70), tin dioxide (SnO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), etc.

[0348] In some of these embodiments, the components of the hole blocking layer 16 can be commonly used hole blocking materials in the art. Non-limiting examples include at least one of BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)benzene, and 4,4'-bis(2,2-distyryl)-1,1'-biphenyl.

[0349] In some of these embodiments, the material of the second electrode 16 can be commonly used electrode materials in the art, including but not limited to the following materials: Ag, Cu, C, Au, Al, ITO, AZO, BZO, IZO, etc.

[0350] The preparation processes of the above-mentioned first electrode, hole transport layer, perovskite layer, electron transport layer, and second electrode can adopt commonly used preparation methods in the art, including solution methods and solid deposition methods. The solution methods include any one of spin coating, spraying, blade coating, and slot die coating, etc. The solid deposition methods include any one of vacuum evaporation, sputter deposition, plasma deposition, and ion deposition.

[0351] In some of these embodiments, the above-mentioned functional film layer is a hole transport layer, and the components of the hole transport layer include organic compounds.

[0352] The hole transport material can directly serve as the component of the hole transport layer, which can not only play a passivation role but also a hole transport role. Even when the hole transport layer and the perovskite layer are in direct contact, that is, without setting an additional passivation layer, the efficiency of the device can still be improved.

[0353] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell includes a stacked electron transport layer, perovskite layer, and hole transport layer, and the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer are in direct contact, and at least one of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer includes the above-mentioned organic matter.

[0354] In some of these embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , a solar cell 20, which includes a first electrode 21, a hole transport layer 22, a perovskite layer 23, an electron transport layer 24, a hole blocking layer 25, and a second electrode 26 that are stacked.

[0355] At least one of the perovskite layer 23 and the hole transport layer 22 includes at least one of the organic compounds represented by formula (1) and its oxygen-containing acid salts.

[0356] In some embodiments, the hole transport layer 22 includes the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, where 0 < K2 ≤ 100%.

[0357] Optionally, K2 can be 1 to 100 wt%, such as 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt% or 100 wt% or a range composed of any two values.

[0358] In some embodiments, when K2 is not 100%, the hole transport layer may further include other common hole transport layer materials in the art, such as nickel oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-p-methoxyanilino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4Pacz), etc.

[0359] In some embodiments, when K2 is 100%, it means that the material of the hole transport layer is the above-mentioned organic compound.

[0360] In some embodiments, the hole transport layer 22 includes the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer can be 0 to 0.5%; further, it can be 0, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% or 0.5 wt%.

[0361] In other words, when the hole transport layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the above-mentioned organic compound can be doped in the perovskite layer; further, the perovskite material in the perovskite layer can be a common perovskite material in the art, and the types are the same as those described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0362] In some embodiments, the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, and the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, where 0.01% < K3 ≤ 0.5%.

[0363] Optionally, K3 can be selected as 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, such as 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% or 0.5 wt% or a range composed of any two values.

[0364] In some of these embodiments, the above-mentioned organic compound is doped by being added to the perovskite precursor solution, wherein the concentration of the organic compound in the perovskite precursor solution is 0.1 mg / mL to 5 mg / mL.

[0365] In some of these embodiments, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the hole transport layer can be 0 to 100%; further, it can be 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0366] In other words, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic compound, the above-mentioned organic compound can be present in the hole transport layer, or other commonly used hole transport materials in the art can be used, or a mixture of both.

[0367] The types of other commonly used hole transport materials in the art are the same as those described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0368] The material selections of the first electrode 21, the electron transport layer 24, the hole blocking layer 25 and the second electrode 26 respectively correspond to the material type selections of the above-mentioned first electrode 11, the electron transport layer 15, the hole blocking layer 26 and the second electrode 17, and will not be elaborated here.

[0369] In some of these embodiments, the solar cell includes a second electrode, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer and a first electrode which are stacked, and the perovskite layer is in direct contact with the first electrode, and the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic matter.

[0370] In other words, when the perovskite layer includes the above-mentioned organic matter, the photoelectric efficiency can be improved even without setting an additional hole transport layer and a passivation layer.

[0371] It can be understood that the above-mentioned perovskite layer includes a perovskite material, and commonly used perovskite materials in the art can be used. The commonly used perovskite materials in the art are the same as those described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0372] In some of these embodiments, the mass percentage of the above-mentioned organic compound in the perovskite layer is 0.01% to 0.5%; it can be selected as 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, such as 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% or 0.5 wt% or a range composed of any two values.

[0373] In some of these embodiments, the above-mentioned organic compound is doped by being added to the perovskite precursor solution, wherein the concentration of the organic compound in the perovskite precursor solution is 0.1 mg / mL to 5 mg / mL.

[0374] In some of these embodiments, the above solar cell further includes a hole blocking layer disposed on the surface of the electron transport layer away from the perovskite layer.

[0375] Among them, the materials of the first electrode, the hole blocking layer, the electron transport layer, and the second electrode are the same as those described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0376] An embodiment of the present application further provides a photovoltaic module, which includes the above solar cell.

[0377] The above solar cell has high light conversion efficiency and good stability, which can improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0378] In the above photovoltaic module, one or more solar cells are included, which can be selected according to specific application scenarios; further, the above photovoltaic module includes a plurality of solar cells, and the plurality of solar cells are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery sheet.

[0379] In some of these embodiments, the above photovoltaic module further includes a photovoltaic glass layer, an adhesive layer, and a backsheet.

[0380] Adhesive layers are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the battery sheet. A backsheet is disposed on the surface of one of the adhesive layers away from the battery sheet, and a photovoltaic glass layer is disposed on the surface of the other adhesive layer away from the battery sheet.

[0381] The photovoltaic glass layer and the backsheet are used to protect the solar cell, for sealing, insulation, and waterproofing; the adhesive layer serves to bond the photovoltaic glass layer to the battery sheet and bond the backsheet to the battery sheet.

[0382] Optionally, the material of the photovoltaic glass layer is tempered glass, the material of the backsheet is TPT (polyvinyl fluoride) or TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), and the material of the adhesive layer is EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer).

[0383] Further, the above photovoltaic module further includes a junction box and a frame.

[0384] The junction box is used to protect the power generation system of the entire photovoltaic module. It is equivalent to a current transfer station. When a battery sheet has a short circuit, the junction box will automatically disconnect the short-circuited battery string.

[0385] The frame can play a role in supporting and protecting the entire photovoltaic module. The frame can be made of aluminum alloy material, with excellent strength and corrosion resistance.

[0386] Further, silicone is used to bond and seal the connection between the frame and other parts of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module can convert solar energy into electrical energy, which can be sent to a storage battery for storage or used to drive a load.

[0387] In some of these embodiments, the above photovoltaic module is a solar panel.

[0388] In one embodiment of the present application, a photovoltaic system is further provided, which includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic module.

[0389] The photovoltaic system utilizes the photovoltaic effect of the solar cells in the above-mentioned photovoltaic module to directly convert solar radiant energy into electrical energy, with high efficiency; further, the above-mentioned photovoltaic system is a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0390] The photovoltaic module is the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system. In the above-mentioned photovoltaic system, one or more photovoltaic modules are included, which can be selected according to specific application scenarios; further, when multiple photovoltaic modules are included in the above-mentioned photovoltaic system, the multiple photovoltaic modules form a photovoltaic array.

[0391] The above-mentioned photovoltaic system can be an independent photovoltaic power generation system or a grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system.

[0392] The independent photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic array, a battery pack, a charge controller, a power electronic converter (inverter), a load, etc. Its working principle is that the solar radiant energy is first converted into electrical energy by the photovoltaic array, and then is converted by the power electronic converter and supplied to the load. At the same time, the excess electrical energy is stored in the energy storage device in the form of chemical energy after passing through the charge controller. In this way, when the sunlight is insufficient, the energy stored in the battery can be converted into AC 220V, 50Hz electrical energy through the power electronic inverter, filtering and step-up of the power frequency transformer for use by AC loads.

[0393] The grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic array, a high-frequency DC / DC boost circuit, a power electronic converter (inverter) and system monitoring. Its working principle is that after the solar radiant energy is converted by the photovoltaic array, it is converted into high-voltage direct current after high-frequency DC conversion, and then is inverted by the power electronic inverter and outputs a sinusoidal alternating current with the same phase and frequency as the grid voltage to the grid.

[0394] The above two photovoltaic power generation systems each have their own characteristics and can be selected according to specific application scenarios.

[0395] In one embodiment of the present application, an electrical device is further provided, which includes at least one of the above-mentioned solar cells and photovoltaic modules.

[0396] The above-mentioned electrical device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile device, an electric vehicle, an electric train, a ship, a satellite, an energy storage system, etc.

[0397] In some of these embodiments, the mobile device can be a mobile phone or a laptop computer, etc.

[0398] In some of these embodiments, the electric vehicle includes, but is not limited to: pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks, etc.

[0399] The present application will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the appended claims define the scope of the present application. Under the guidance of the concept of the present application, those skilled in the art should realize that certain changes made to the embodiments of the present application will be covered by the spirit and scope of the claims of the present application.

[0400] The following are specific embodiments.

[0401] Embodiment 1

[0402] Step 1: Preparation of the organic compound SAM1, the specific steps are as follows:

[0403] (1) Mix compound 1 (1 mmol), potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 , 1.5 mmol), copper(I) iodide (CuI, 2 mmol), compound 2 (1.1 mmol), and DMF (10 mL). Heat and react at 125 °C for 20 hours under nitrogen protection, and then separate through a silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 3; the synthesis route is as follows:

[0404]

[0405] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 3, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.18 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.98 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.89 (s, 2H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 4H), 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 8H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.03 (m, 2H).

[0406] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the above preparation steps successfully obtained the target product. Further, the yield of compound 3 was calculated using the following formula to be 58%.

[0407] Yield = number of moles of compound 3 / number of moles of compound 1 × 100%

[0408] (2) Mix compound 3 (1 mmol), triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3, were blended with 10 mL), and after heating and reacting at 160 °C for 20 hours under nitrogen protection, the remaining triethyl phosphite was removed by vacuum distillation. The crude product was blended with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), and after stirring at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen protection, the solvent was removed. Methanol (MeOH, 5 mL) was added and stirred for 12 hours, then deionized water (1 mL) was added to precipitate a solid powder, obtaining SAM1. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0409]

[0410] The 1H NMR test of the product SAM1 was carried out, and the test results are as follows:

[0411] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.18 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.98 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.89 (s, 2H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 4H), 7.53 - 7.41 (m, 8H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.83 - 2.79 (m, 2H), 2.03 - 2.00 (m, 2H).

[0412] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM1 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps.

[0413] Furthermore, the yield of the product SAM1 was calculated using the following formula to be 55%.

[0414] Yield = (moles of product SAM1 / moles of compound 3) × 100%

[0415] Step 2: Preparation of the solar cell, the specific steps are as follows:

[0416] 1. Cleaning of the FTO conductive glass: Laser etching was used to remove 0.35 cm from each end of the 2.0 cm × 2.0 cm FTO conductive glass to expose the glass substrate, and then it was ultrasonically cleaned in deionized water, acetone, and isopropanol in sequence for 10 minutes. The cleaned FTO conductive glass was dried with a nitrogen gun to remove the solvent and then subjected to ultraviolet ozone cleaning treatment in an ultraviolet ozone machine as the first electrode.

[0417] 2. Preparation of the hole transport layer: The methanol solution of nano-tin oxide (10 mg / mL) was spin-coated on the surface of the FTO conductive glass at 2000 rpm, and the solvent was removed by annealing to form a nickel oxide thin film, thus obtaining a hole transport layer with a thickness of 30 nm.

[0418] 3. Preparation of the passivation layer: Dissolve the above compound SAM1 in methanol to obtain a self-assembled molecular solution (1 mg / mL); spin-coat the self-assembled molecular solution on the surface of the hole transport layer at a speed of 3000 rpm and anneal to form a self-assembled molecular layer, thus obtaining a passivation layer with a thickness of 5 nm.

[0419] 4. Preparation of the perovskite layer: Weigh lead iodide (726 mg), formamidinium iodide (240 mg), cesium iodide (19 mg), and lead bromide (11 mg) and dissolve them in 1 mL of a DMF:DMSO mixed solvent with a volume ratio of 4:1. Stir for 3 h and filter with a 0.22 μm organic filter membrane to obtain a perovskite precursor solution. Spin-coat the perovskite precursor solution on the surface of the passivation layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, anneal at 100 °C for 30 min, and cool to room temperature to form a perovskite layer with an active substance of the CsFA system and a thickness of 800 nm.

[0420] 5. Preparation of the electron transport layer: Spin-coat the electron transport material PC 61 BM on the surface of the perovskite layer to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 35 nm, and then spin-coat the hole-blocking material BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) at 5000 rpm and anneal at 100 °C for 10 min to form a hole-blocking layer with a thickness of 15 nm.

[0421] 6. Preparation of the second electrode: Place the device obtained in step 5 into a mask plate and evaporate 80 nm of silver on the surface of the hole-blocking layer in a vacuum evaporation device to form the second electrode, thus obtaining a complete perovskite solar cell 10.

[0422] For the specific structure of the perovskite solar cell 10, please refer to Figure 1 , which includes a first electrode 11, a hole transport layer 12, a passivation layer 13, a perovskite layer 14, an electron transport layer 15, a hole-blocking layer 16, and a second electrode 17 stacked in sequence.

[0423] 7. Performance test: Use the I-V measurement method to determine the power conversion efficiency. The specific steps are as follows:

[0424] By changing the bias voltage point and simultaneously measuring the current, the I-V characteristics of the measured sample can be obtained.

[0425] a) Place the test fixture with the sample cell on the sample rack so that it is located within the measurement plane and ensure that the sample cell is located at the center of the exit light spot of the solar simulator (or the normal of the photovoltaic cell is parallel to the center line of the light beam emitted by the solar simulator light source);

[0426] b) Use Guangyan's solar simulator to conduct tests in accordance with the national standard IEC61215. Calibrate the light intensity using a crystalline silicon solar cell to reach one sun intensity. Under the condition of 1000 W / m 2 irradiance, install a mask on the battery of the sample to be tested, and use a temperature monitoring device to control the temperature of the sample battery so that during the measurement process, the temperature of the sample to be tested is maintained at (30 ± 5 °C);

[0427] c) Set the scanning direction, voltage range, scanning interval voltage, scanning interval time, etc. It is recommended that the scanning interval is not greater than 0.02 V, and the interval time between adjacent two points is not less than 0 s. Measure the forward and reverse scan current-voltage characteristics of the sample battery to be tested, and record the maximum power point current Vm, the maximum power point voltage, the open circuit voltage V oc and the short circuit current J sc .

[0428] Calculation formula: Fill factor FF = J m × V m / V oc × J sc , Electrical conversion efficiency PCE = V oc × J sc × FF / P in . P in is the incident light intensity, which is equal to 10 3 W / m 2 . Subject the perovskite solar cell to natural aging for 10 days at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere. During this process, test its photoelectric conversion efficiency every 12 h according to the above steps, and record the highest efficiency measured as the optimal efficiency. For details, please refer to Table 1.

[0429] The results of the photoelectric conversion efficiency P30 of the perovskite solar cell after standing for 30 days in an N 2 atmosphere and at room temperature are shown in Table 1.

[0430] Example 2

[0431] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, the only difference being that: replace the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer with compound SAM2. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0432] Step (1): Refer to step (1) of the preparation of the organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, replace compound 1 with an equimolar amount of compound 4, replace compound 2 with an equimolar amount of compound 5, and obtain compound 6 after the reaction. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0433]

[0434] Perform a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum test on compound 6, and the results are as follows:1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.54 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.99 - 7.91 (m, 8H), 7.62 - 7.53 (m, 8H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.03 (m, 2H).

[0435] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 6 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0436] Yield = (moles of compound 6 / moles of compound 4) × 100%

[0437] Step (2): Referring to the preparation step (2) of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 6, and after the reaction, compound SAM2 was obtained. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0438]

[0439] The 1H NMR test of compound SAM2 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.97 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 8.31 (s, 6H), 8.12 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.59 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (s, 2H), 4.18 - 4.14 (m, 2H), 1.73 - 1.69 (m, 4H), 1.26 - 1.23 (m, 2H).

[0440] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM2 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product SAM2 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0441] Yield = (moles of product SAM2 / moles of compound 6) × 100%

[0442] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0443] Example 3

[0444] Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM3. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0445] Step (1): Referring to step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, replace compound 1 with an equimolar amount of compound 7, replace compound 2 with an equimolar amount of compound 8, and after the reaction, compound 9 is obtained. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0446]

[0447] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 9, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.38(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.21-7.16(m,6H),7.07(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.00-6.96(m,2H).

[0448] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 9 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0449] Yield = number of moles of compound 9 / number of moles of compound 7 × 100%

[0450] Step (2): Mix compound 9 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). After heating at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection, obtain the filtrate through diatomaceous earth. After removing the solvent, mix the crude product with compound 11 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, separate by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 12. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0451]

[0452] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 12, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.70(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.40-7.34(m,3H),7.21-7.13(m,7H),7.07(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.00-6.96(m,2H).

[0453] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 12 was calculated to be 57% using the following formula.

[0454] Yield = number of moles of compound 12 / number of moles of compound 9 × 100%

[0455] Step (3): Dissolve compound 12 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), add a n-hexane solution of n-butyllithium (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 h, add a tetrahydrofuran solution of zinc chloride (1 M, 1.3 mL). After stirring at room temperature for 2 h, add tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol). After heating to 75 °C, separate by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 13. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0456]

[0457] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 13, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ7.77(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.37-7.30(m,6H),7.21-7.15(m,6H),7.00-6.96(m,4H),3.66-3.60(m,2H),3.08-3.03(m,2H).

[0458] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM13 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product 13 was calculated using the following formula as 58%.

[0459] Yield = number of moles of product 13 / number of moles of compound 12 × 100%

[0460] Step (4): Blend compound 13 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 , 10 mL), heat and react at 160 °C for 20 h under nitrogen protection. Then remove triethyl phosphite by vacuum distillation. Blend the crude product with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), stir at room temperature for 20 h under nitrogen protection, then remove the solvent. Add methanol (5 mL) and stir for 12 h, then add deionized water (1 mL) to precipitate a solid powder to obtain SAM3. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0461]

[0462] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound SAM3, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37 - 7.30 (m, 6H), 7.21 - 7.15 (m, 6H), 7.00 - 6.96 (m, 4H), 2.84 - 2.78 (m, 2H), 2.04 - 1.99 (m, 2H).

[0463] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM3 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of the product SAM3 was calculated using the following formula to be 45%.

[0464] Yield = (moles of product SAM3) / (moles of compound 13) × 100%

[0465] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For the specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0466] Example 4

[0467] Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM4. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0468] Step (1): Compound 14 (1 mmol), compound 15 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL) were mixed together. After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, compound 16 was obtained by separation through a silica gel chromatography column. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0469]

[0470] The 1H NMR test of compound 16 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 )δ 7.37 - 7.24 (m, 7H), 7.08 - 6.99 (m, 8H), 6.80 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.56 - 3.51 (m, 2H), 3.38 - 3.33 (m, 2H).

[0471] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 16 was calculated using the following formula to be 77%.

[0472] Yield = (moles of compound 16) / (moles of compound 14) × 100%

[0473] Step (2): Referring to step (2) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 16. After the reaction, compound SAM4 was obtained. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0474]

[0475] The compound SAM4 was tested by 1H NMR, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ7.37 - 7.24(m,7H),7.08 - 6.99(m,8H),6.80(d,J = 7.2Hz,1H),3.11 - 3.05(m,2H),1.98 - 1.93(m,2H).

[0476] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM4 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of the product SAM4 was calculated using the following formula to be 45%.

[0477] Yield = number of moles of product SAM4 / number of moles of compound 16 × 100%

[0478] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0479] Example 5

[0480] Example 5 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM5. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0481] Step (1): Compound 14 (1 mmol), compound 17 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2M, 10 mL) were mixed together. After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, compound 18 was obtained by separation through a silica gel chromatography column. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0482]

[0483] The compound 18 was tested by 1H NMR, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ7.62(d,J = 7.2Hz,2H),7.55(d,J = 7.2Hz,2H),7.37 - 7.24(m,8H),7.08 - 7.00(m,6H),4.03 - 3.98(m,2H),2.86 - 2.81(m,2H),2.58 - 2.53(m,2H),1.09 - 1.05(m,3H).

[0484] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 18 was calculated using the following formula to be 89%.

[0485] Yield = number of moles of compound 18 / number of moles of compound 14 × 100%

[0486] Step (2): Dissolve compound 18 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), mix it with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), after heating at 75 °C for 20 h, add concentrated hydrochloric acid dropwise until the pH of the solution < 1, collect the precipitate to obtain SAM5, and the synthesis route is as follows:

[0487]

[0488] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound SAM5, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 ) δ 12.03 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.37 - 7.24 (m, 8H), 7.08 - 7.00 (m, 6H), 4.03 - 3.98 (m, 2H), 2.85 - 2.81 (m, 2H), 2.54 - 2.48 (m, 2H).

[0489] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the target product SAM5 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps, and the yield of product SAM5 was further calculated to be 72% using the following formula.

[0490] Yield = number of moles of product SAM5 / number of moles of compound 18 × 100%

[0491] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0492] Example 6

[0493] Example 6 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material of the passivation layer, compound SAM1, is replaced with compound SAM6, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0494] Step (1): Mix compound 19 (1 mmol), compound 2 (1.1 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (Pd 2 dba 3 , 5% mmol), tert-butylphosphine (t-Bu 3 P, 10 mmol), sodium tert-butoxide (2 mmol), and after filtration, obtain compound 20, and the synthesis route is as follows:

[0495]

[0496] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 20, and the results are as follows: 1¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.23 - 7.16 (m, 6H), 7.10 - 7.00 (m, 4H), 6.79 - 6.73 (m, 2H), 3.66 - 3.61 (m, 2H), 2.93 - 2.88 (m, 6H).

[0497] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 20 was calculated using the following formula to be 55%.

[0498] Yield = number of moles of compound 20 / number of moles of compound 19 × 100%

[0499] Step (2): Blend compound 20 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 , 10 mL), heat at 160 °C for 20 hours under nitrogen protection, then remove triethyl phosphite by vacuum distillation. Blend the crude product with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), stir at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen protection, then remove the solvent. Add methanol (5 mL) and stir for 12 hours, then add deionized water (1 mL) to precipitate a solid powder to obtain SAM6. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0500]

[0501] ¹H NMR test was performed on compound SAM6, and the results are as follows: 1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.21 - 7.16 (m, 6H), 7.10 - 7.00 (m, 4H), 6.79 - 6.73 (m, 2H), 2.88 (s, 4H), 2.72 - 2.66 (m, 2H), 2.03 - 1.98 (m, 2H).

[0502] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM6 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product SAM6 was calculated using the following formula to be 55%.

[0503] Yield = number of moles of product SAM6 / number of moles of compound 20 × 100%

[0504] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0505] Example 7

[0506] Example 7 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM7. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0507] Step (1): Referring to the preparation step (1) of the organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, replace compound 1 with an equimolar amount of compound 21, and replace compound 2 with an equimolar amount of compound 5. After the reaction, compound 22 is obtained. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0508]

[0509] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 22, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.62(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.37-7.32(m,4H),7.19-7.14(m,6H),6.98-6.93(m,2H),3.66-3.61(m,2H),3.08-3.03(m,2H),1.69(s,6H).

[0510] Based on the above results, it can be known that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 22 was calculated to be 75% using the following formula.

[0511] Yield = number of moles of compound 22 / number of moles of compound 21 × 100%

[0512] Step (2): Referring to the preparation step (2) of the organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, replace compound 3 with an equimolar amount of compound 22. After the reaction, compound SAM7 is obtained. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0513]

[0514] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound SAM7, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ7.62(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.37-7.32(m,4H),7.19-7.14(m,6H),6.98-6.93(m,2H),2.86-2.81(m,2H),2.08-2.03(m,2H),1.69(s,6H).

[0515] Based on the above results, it can be known that the target product SAM7 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product SAM7 was calculated to be 45% using the following formula.

[0516] Yield = number of moles of product SAM7 / number of moles of compound 22 × 100%

[0517] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0518] Example 8

[0519] Example 8 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM8. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0520] Step (1): Referring to step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 is replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 23, and compound 2 is replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 24. After the reaction, compound 25 is obtained. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0521]

[0522] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 25. The results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.76(s,1H),8.64(s,1H),7.87-7.82(m,4H),7.49-7.44(m,6H),7.10(s,2H),3.66-3.61(m,2H),3.08-3.03(m,2H).

[0523] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the above preparation steps successfully obtained the target product. Further, the yield of compound 25 is calculated by the following formula to be 75%.

[0524] Yield = number of moles of compound 25 / number of moles of compound 23 × 100%

[0525] Step (2): Referring to step (2) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 3 is replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 25. After the reaction, compound SAM8 is obtained. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0526]

[0527] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound SAM8. The results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ8.76(s,1H),8.64(s,1H),7.87-7.82(m,4H),7.49-7.44(m,6H),7.10(s,2H),2.86-2.81(m,2H),2.08-2.00(m,2H).

[0528] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the above preparation steps successfully obtained the target product SAM8. Further, the yield of product SAM8 is calculated by the following formula to be 45%.

[0529] Yield = number of moles of product SAM8 / number of moles of compound 25 × 100%

[0530] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0531] Example 9

[0532] Example 9 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM9. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0533] Step (1): Dissolve compound 26 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL). Dropwise add a tetrahydrofuran solution (2 mL) of compound 27 (1 mmol) at -78°C. After stirring at room temperature for 12 h, pour it into water (50 mL), extract with dichloromethane (50 mL × 3). Dissolve the oily substance after removing the solvent in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL). Dropwise add a tetrahydrofuran solution (3 mL) of compound 28 (1.5 mmol) to the above solution at -78°C. After reacting for 12 h, pour it into water (50 mL), extract with dichloromethane (50 mL × 3). Drop the oily substance after removing the solvent into a boiling mixture of sodium hydroxide (20 mmol), zinc powder (5 mmol), and water (10 mL). After reacting for 20 h, extract with dichloromethane (50 mL × 3). After removing the solvent, separate and purify by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 29. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0534]

[0535] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 29. The results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.70 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H) 7.36 (s, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.16 - 7.11 (m, 1H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 2.37 (s, 9H).

[0536] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the above preparation steps successfully obtained the target product. Further, the yield of compound 29 was calculated using the following formula to be 37%.

[0537] Yield = number of moles of compound 29 / number of moles of compound 26 × 100%

[0538] Step (2): Dissolve compound 29 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), add a n-hexane solution of n-butyllithium (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) dropwise at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 h, add a tetrahydrofuran solution of zinc chloride (1 M, 1.3 mL). After stirring at room temperature for 2 h, add tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), compound 2 (1.1 mmol), heat at 75 °C for 12 h, and then separate by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 30. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0539]

[0540] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 30, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.36 - 7.28 (m, 7H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.66 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.02 (m, 2H), 2.37 (s, 9H).

[0541] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps, and further calculate the yield of compound 30 to be 57% using the following formula.

[0542] Yield = number of moles of compound 30 / number of moles of compound 29 × 100%

[0543] Step (3): Blend compound 30 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 , 10 mL), heat at 160 °C for 20 h under nitrogen protection, remove triethyl phosphite by vacuum distillation, blend the crude product with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), stir at room temperature for 20 h under nitrogen protection to remove the solvent, add methanol (5 mL) and stir for 12 h, then add deionized water (1 mL) to precipitate a solid powder to obtain SAM9. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0544]

[0545] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound SAM9, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.36 - 7.28 (m, 7H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.66 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 1.73 - 1.69 (m, 4H), 1.26 - 1.23 (m, 2H).

[0546] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM9 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of the product SAM9 was calculated using the following formula to be 58%.

[0547] Yield = number of moles of product SAM9 / number of moles of compound 30 × 100%

[0548] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For the specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0549] Example 10

[0550] Example 10 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM10. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0551] Step (1): Dissolve compound 31 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL). Dropwise add a n-hexane solution of n-butyllithium (2.5 M, 0.5 mL) at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 h, dropwise add compound 32 (1.5 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 12 h, pour it into water (50 mL), extract with dichloromethane (50 mL × 3), and recrystallize the solid obtained after removing the solvent with ethanol to obtain SAM10. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0552]

[0553] The 1H NMR test of compound SAM10 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.94 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.81 - 7.75 (m, 4H), 7.48 - 7.33 (m, 8H), 7.18 - 7.12 (m, 4H), 4.22 (s, 2H).

[0554] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM10 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of the product SAM10 was calculated using the following formula to be 38%.

[0555] Yield = number of moles of product SAM10 / number of moles of compound 31 × 100%

[0556] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For the specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0557] Example 11

[0558] Example 11 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM11. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0559] Step (1): Mix compound 33 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), dichlorobis (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) (Pd(dppf)Cl 2 , 5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). Heat the mixture at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection. After that, obtain the filtrate through diatomaceous earth. Remove the solvent, and then mix the crude product with compound 2 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). Heat the resulting mixture at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection. After separation by silica gel chromatography column, compound 34 is obtained. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0560]

[0561] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 34, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ: 7.79 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.47 - 7.32 (m, 10H), 7.18 - 7.12 (m, 4H), 3.70 - 3.66 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.03 (m, 2H).

[0562] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 34 was calculated using the following formula to be 58%.

[0563] Yield = (moles of compound 34 / moles of compound 33) × 100%

[0564] (2) Mix compound 34 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 , 10 mL). Heat the mixture at 160 °C for 20 hours under nitrogen protection. Remove triethyl phosphite by vacuum distillation. Mix the crude product with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL). Stir the mixture at room temperature for 20 hours under nitrogen protection. After removing the solvent, add methanol (5 mL) and stir for 12 hours. Then add deionized water (1 mL) to precipitate a solid powder, obtaining SAM11. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0565]

[0566] Perform a 1H NMR test on the product SAM11, and the test results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6)δ 7.79 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.47 - 7.32 (m, 10H), 7.18 - 7.12 (m, 4H), 3.70 - 3.66 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.03 (m, 2H), 2.84 - 2.78 (m, 2H), 2.04 - 1.99 (m, 2H).

[0567] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM11 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps; further, the yield of the product SAM11 was calculated using the following formula to be 39%.

[0568] Yield = number of moles of product SAM11 / number of moles of compound 34 × 100%

[0569] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0570] Example 12

[0571] Example 12 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM12, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0572] Step (1): Mix compound 35 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). After heating at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection, the filtrate is obtained through diatomaceous earth. After removing the solvent, the crude product is mixed with compound 11 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, it is separated by a silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 36. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0573]

[0574] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0575] The 1H NMR test of compound 36 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 )δ 8.03 - 7.99 (m, 6H), 7.84 - 7.79 (m, 4H), 7.70 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.61 - 7.57 (m, 4H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.40 - 7.34 (m, 3H), 7.16 - 7.10 (m, 1H).

[0576] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 36 was calculated to be 57% using the following formula.

[0577] Yield = number of moles of compound 36 / number of moles of compound 35 × 100%

[0578] Step (2): Dissolve compound 36 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL), add a hexane solution of n-butyllithium (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) dropwise at -78 °C, stir for 2 h, then add a tetrahydrofuran solution of zinc chloride (1 M, 1.3 mL). After stirring at room temperature for 2 h, add tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol). After heating to 75 °C, separate by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 37. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0579]

[0580] The 1H NMR test of compound 37 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.03 - 7.99 (m, 6H), 7.84 - 7.77 (m, 6H), 7.61 - 7.57 (m, 4H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.35 - 7.30 (m, 6H), 3.66 - 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.08 - 3.03 (m, 2H).

[0581] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product 37 was calculated to be 58% using the following formula.

[0582] Yield = number of moles of product 37 / number of moles of compound 36 × 100%

[0583] Step (3): Blend compound 37 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 , 10 mL), heat at 160 °C for 20 h under nitrogen protection, then remove triethyl phosphite by vacuum distillation. Blend the crude product with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), stir at room temperature for 20 h under nitrogen protection to remove the solvent, add methanol (5 mL) and stir for 12 h, then add deionized water (1 mL) to precipitate a solid powder to obtain SAM12. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0584]

[0585] The 1H NMR test of compound SAM12 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 ) δ8.03 - 7.99(m, 6H), 7.84 - 7.77(m, 6H), 7.61 - 7.57(m, 4H), 7.48(d, J = 7.2Hz, 2H), 7.35 - 7.30(m, 6H), 2.84 - 2.78(m, 2H), 2.04 - 1.99(m, 2H).

[0586] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM12 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product SAM12 was calculated using the following formula to be 46%.

[0587] Yield = number of moles of product SAM12 / number of moles of compound 37 × 100%

[0588] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0589] Example 13

[0590] Example 13 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM13. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0591] Step (1): Mix compound 38 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium (Pd(dppf)Cl 2 , 5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). After heating at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection, the filtrate was obtained through diatomaceous earth. After removing the solvent, the crude product was mixed with compound 39 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, it was separated by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 40. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0592]

[0593] The 1H NMR test of compound 40 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.00 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.83 - 7.77 (m, 4H), 7.48 - 7.43 (m, 6H), 7.34 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.18 - 7.13 (m, 4H), 4.18 - 4.12 (m, 2H), 3.54 - 3.48 (m, 2H), 1.28 - 1.23 (m, 3H).

[0594] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 40 was calculated using the following formula to be 67%.

[0595] Yield = number of moles of compound 40 / number of moles of compound 38 × 100%

[0596] Step (2): Dissolve compound 40 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), mix it with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heat it at 75 °C for 20 h, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid dropwise until the pH of the solution is < 1, and collect the precipitate to obtain SAM13. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0597]

[0598] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound SAM13, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 )δ 13.82 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.83 - 7.77 (m, 4H), 7.48 - 7.43 (m, 6H), 7.34 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.18 - 7.13 (m, 4H), 3.54 - 3.48 (m, 2H).

[0599] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product SAM13 was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of product SAM13 was calculated using the following formula to be 78%.

[0600] Yield = number of moles of product SAM13 / number of moles of compound 40 × 100%

[0601] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For the specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0602] Example 14

[0603] Example 14 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM14. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0604] Step (1): Blend compound 14 (1 mmol), compound 41 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, separate through a silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 42. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0605]

[0606] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 42, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ8.74(s,2H),8.04(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.37(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.27-7.21(m,4H),7.09-7.05(m,6H).

[0607] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, use the following formula to calculate the yield of compound 42 as 53%.

[0608] Yield = number of moles of compound 42 / number of moles of compound 14 × 100%

[0609] Step (2): Blend compound 42 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). After heating at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection, obtain the filtrate through diatomaceous earth. After removing the solvent, blend the crude product with compound 43 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, separate through a silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 44. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0610]

[0611] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 44, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.76 (s, 2H), 8.23 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39 - 7.36 (m, 4H), 7.28 - 7.24 (m, 6H), 7.09 - 7.04 (m, 6H), 4.04 - 3.99 (m, 2H), 2.65 - 2.62 (m, 2H), 2.33 - 2.31 (m, 2H), 1.83 - 1.80 (m, 2H), 1.09 - 1.04 (m, 3H).

[0612] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 44 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0613] Yield = number of moles of compound 44 / number of moles of compound 42 × 100%

[0614] Step (3): Dissolve compound 44 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), mix it with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heat it at 75 °C for 20 h, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid dropwise until the pH of the solution is < 1, and collect the precipitate to obtain SAM14. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0615]

[0616] The 1H NMR test of SAM14 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 )δ 12.01 (s, 1H), 8.76 (s, 2H), 8.23 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.39 - 7.36 (m, 4H), 7.28 - 7.24 (m, 6H), 7.09 - 7.04 (m, 6H), 2.65 - 2.62 (m, 2H), 2.33 - 2.29 (m, 2H), 1.73 - 1.69 (m, 2H).

[0617] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of SAM14 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0618] Yield = number of moles of SAM14 / number of moles of compound 44 × 100%

[0619] Example 15

[0620] Example 15 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material of the passivation layer, compound SAM1, was replaced with compound SAM15. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0621] Step (1): Referring to step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, replace compound 1 with an equimolar amount of compound 45 and replace compound 2 with an equimolar amount of compound 8. After the reaction, compound 46 is obtained. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0622]

[0623] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 46. The results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ8.53(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.92(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.68(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.62(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.36-7.32(m,2H),7.18-7.14(m,2H).

[0624] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation step. Further, the yield of compound 46 was calculated using the following formula to be 87%.

[0625] Yield = number of moles of compound 46 / number of moles of compound 45 × 100%

[0626] Step (2): Mix compound 46 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene dichloropalladium (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). After heating at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection, obtain the filtrate through diatomaceous earth. After removing the solvent, mix the crude product with compound 47 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, separate by silica gel column chromatography to obtain compound 48. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0627]

[0628] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 48. The results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ8.36-8.31(m,4H),8.23-8.17(m,2H),7.94-7.88(m,6H),7.46-7.42(m,6H),7.20-7.16(m,2H).

[0629] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 48 was calculated to be 63% using the following formula.

[0630] Yield = number of moles of compound 48 / number of moles of compound 46 × 100%

[0631] Step (3): Mix compound 48 (1 mmol), compound 10 (1.1 mmol), potassium acetate (KOAc, 2 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene palladium dichloride (5% mmol), and 1,4-dioxane (10 mL). After heating at 85 °C for 12 hours under nitrogen protection, obtain the filtrate through diatomaceous earth. After removing the solvent, mix the crude product with compound 49 (1.2 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). After heating at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, separate to obtain compound 50 through silica gel chromatography column. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0632]

[0633] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 50, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 8.36 - 8.31 (m, 4H), 8.23 - 8.17 (m, 2H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.94 - 7.88 (m, 6H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46 - 7.42 (m, 6H), 7.20 - 7.16 (m, 2H), 4.32 - 4.28 (m, 2H), 1.33 - 1.30 (m, 3H).

[0634] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 50 was calculated to be 71% using the following formula.

[0635] Yield = number of moles of compound 50 / number of moles of compound 48 × 100%

[0636] Step (4): Dissolve compound 50 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), mix it with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL). After heating at 75 °C for 20 h, add concentrated hydrochloric acid dropwise until the pH of the solution < 1, and collect the precipitate to obtain SAM15. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0637]

[0638] Perform a 1H NMR test on SAM15, and the results are as follows: 11H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 12.01 (s, 1H), 8.36 - 8.31 (m, 4H), 8.23 - 8.17 (m, 2H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.94 - 7.88 (m, 6H), 7.75 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.46 - 7.42 (m, 6H), 7.20 - 7.16 (m, 2H).

[0639] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of SAM15 was calculated to be 77% using the following formula.

[0640] Yield = (moles of SAM15 / moles of compound 50) × 100%

[0641] Example 16

[0642] Example 16 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM16. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0643] Step (1): Mix compound 51 (1 mmol), compound 52 (1.1 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol), toluene (10 mL), and aqueous potassium carbonate solution (2 M, 10 mL). Heat at 110 °C for 48 hours under nitrogen protection, and then separate by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 53. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0644]

[0645] The 1H NMR test of compound 53 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45 - 7.39 (m, 8H), 7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 7.11 - 7.03 (m, 4H).

[0646] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 53 was calculated to be 53% using the following formula.

[0647] Yield = (moles of compound 53 / moles of compound 51) × 100%

[0648] Step (2): Dissolve compound 53 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL). Dropwise add a n-hexane solution of n-butyllithium (n-BuLi, 2.5 M, 0.5 mL) at -78 °C. After stirring for 2 h, add a tetrahydrofuran solution of zinc chloride (1 M, 1.3 mL). After stirring at room temperature for 2 h, add tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (5% mmol) and compound 2 (1.1 mmol). After heating at 75 °C for 12 h, separate by silica gel chromatography column to obtain compound 54. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0649]

[0650] Perform a 1H NMR test on compound 54, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6 )δ7.77(d,J=7.6Hz,4H),7.71(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.45-7.39(m,8H),7.37(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.30(s,2H),7.11-7.03(m,4H),3.65-3.61(m,2H),3.07-3.03(m,2H).

[0651] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 54 was calculated using the following formula to be 47%.

[0652] Yield = number of moles of compound 54 / number of moles of compound 53 × 100%

[0653] Step (3): Blend compound 54 (1 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (P(OEt) 3 , 10 mL), heat at 160 °C for 20 h under nitrogen protection, remove triethyl phosphite by vacuum distillation. Blend the crude product with tributylbromosilane (TMSBr, 0.72 mmol) and 1,4-dioxane (5 mL), stir at room temperature for 20 h under nitrogen protection, then remove the solvent. Add methanol (5 mL) and stir for 12 h, then add deionized water (1 mL) to precipitate a solid powder to obtain SAM16. The synthetic route is as follows:

[0654]

[0655] Perform a 1H NMR test on SAM16, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 7.77 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 4H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45 - 7.39 (m, 8H), 7.37 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 7.11 - 7.03 (m, 4H), 2.45 - 2.42 (m, 2H), 1.64 - 1.60 (m, 2H).

[0656] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of SAM16 was calculated to be 47% using the following formula.

[0657] Yield = number of moles of SAM16 / number of moles of compound 54 × 100%

[0658] Example 17

[0659] Example 17 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer was replaced with compound SAM17, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0660] Step (1): Referring to step (1) of the preparation of organic compound SAM1 in Example 1, compound 1 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 55, and compound 2 was replaced with an equimolar amount of compound 56. After the reaction, compound 57 was obtained. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0661]

[0662] The 1H NMR test of compound 57 was carried out, and the results are as follows: 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 )δ 8.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.99 - 7.94 (m, 6H), 7.61 - 7.53 (m, 4H), 6.67 - 6.61 (m, 1H), 4.03 - 3.99 (m, 2H), 2.65 - 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.36 - 2.32 (m, 2H), 1.64 - 1.59 (m, 4H) 1.10 - 1.04 (m, 3H).

[0663] From the above results, it can be seen that the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps. Further, the yield of compound 57 was calculated to be 36% using the following formula.

[0664] Yield = number of moles of compound 57 / number of moles of compound 55 × 100%

[0665] Step (2): Dissolve compound 57 (1 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), mix it with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 2 M, 10 mL), heat at 75 °C for 20 h, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid dropwise until the pH of the solution is < 1, and collect the precipitate to obtain SAM17. The synthesis route is as follows:

[0666]

[0667] Perform a 1H NMR test on SAM17, and the results are as follows: 1 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 11.87 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.99 - 7.94 (m, 6H), 7.61 - 7.53 (m, 4H), 6.67 - 6.61 (m, 1H), 2.65 - 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.26 - 2.23 (m, 2H), 1.64 - 1.59 (m, 4H).

[0668] Based on the above results, it can be seen that: the target product was successfully obtained in the above preparation steps, and the yield of SAM17 was further calculated using the following formula to be 77%.

[0669] Yield = number of moles of SAM17 / number of moles of compound 57 × 100%

[0670] Comparative Example 1

[0671] Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: in the preparation process of the solar cell, no passivation layer is provided.

[0672] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0673] Comparative Example 2

[0674] Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM18, and the specific structure is as follows:

[0675]

[0676] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0677] Comparative Example 3

[0678] Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the passivation layer is replaced with compound SAM19, and the specific structure is as follows:

[0679]

[0680] The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 1.

[0681] The relevant physical parameters and test results in each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0682] Table 1

[0683]

[0684]

[0685] Note: " / " represents the absence of this structure or substance.

[0686] Analyzing the experimental results in Table 1 above and comparing Examples 1 to 17 with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that when using the organic compound of the present application to prepare a passivation layer for preparing a solar cell, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.

[0687] Example 18

[0688] The preparation of the solar cell is as follows:

[0689] 1. Cleaning of FTO conductive glass: Laser etch 0.35 cm from both ends of a 2.0 cm × 2.0 cm FTO conductive glass to expose the glass substrate, then ultrasonically clean it in deionized water, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol for 10 minutes in sequence. Dry the solvent of the cleaned FTO conductive glass with a nitrogen gun and perform ultraviolet ozone cleaning treatment in an ultraviolet ozone machine as the first electrode.

[0690] 2. Preparation of the hole transport layer: Dissolve the above compound SAM1 in methanol to obtain a self-assembled molecular solution (1 mg / mL); spin-coat the self-assembled molecular solution on the surface of the first electrode at a speed of 3000 rpm and anneal to form a self-assembled molecular layer, that is, a hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm is obtained.

[0691] 3. Preparation of the perovskite layer: Weigh lead iodide (726 mg), formamidinium iodide (240 mg), cesium iodide (19 mg), and lead bromide (11 mg) and dissolve them in 1 mL of a DMF:DMSO mixed solvent with a volume ratio of 4:1, stir for 3 h, filter with a 0.22 μm organic filter membrane to obtain a perovskite precursor solution, spin-coat the perovskite precursor solution on the surface of the hole transport layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, anneal at 100 °C for 30 min, and cool to room temperature to form a perovskite layer with an active substance of the CsFA system and a thickness of 800 nm.

[0692] 4. Preparation of the electron transport layer: Spin-coat the electron transport material PC on the surface of the perovskite layer at a speed of 1500 rpm 61The BM is used to form an electron transport layer with a thickness of 35 nm. Then, the hole blocking material BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) is spin-coated at 5000 rpm and annealed at 100 °C for 10 min to form a blocking layer with a thickness of 15 nm.

[0693] 5. Preparation of the second electrode: The device obtained in step 4 is placed in an evaporation mask, and 80 nm of silver is evaporated on the surface of the hole blocking layer in a vacuum evaporation device to form the second electrode, obtaining a complete perovskite solar cell 20.

[0694] For the specific structure of the perovskite solar cell 20, please refer to Figure 1 , which includes a first electrode 21, a hole transport layer 22, a perovskite layer 23, an electron transport layer 24, a hole blocking layer 25, and a second electrode 26 that are sequentially stacked.

[0695] 7. Performance test: Refer to step 7 in step two of Example 1. The specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0696] Examples 19 to 34

[0697] Examples 19 to 34 are basically the same as Example 18, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the hole transport layer is sequentially replaced with compounds SAM2 to SAM17.

[0698] Comparative Examples 4 to 5

[0699] Comparative Examples 4 to 5 are basically the same as Example 18, except that: the preparation material compound SAM1 of the hole transport layer is sequentially replaced with compounds SAM18 to SAM19.

[0700] The test steps are the same as those in Example 1. The specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0701] The test results of Examples 18 to 34 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5 are shown in Table 2.

[0702] Table 2

[0703]

[0704]

[0705] Analyzing the experimental results in Table 2 above, when using the organic compounds and their oxygen-containing acid root salts of the present application as hole transport materials to prepare solar cells, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells can also be improved.

[0706] Example 35

[0707] Example 35 is basically the same as Comparative Example 2, except that the preparation method of the passivation layer in step 3 is:

[0708] The above compound SAM1 and SAM18 are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 as a doping material and dissolved in methanol. After dissolution, a self-assembled molecular solution (total concentration 1 mg / mL) is obtained; the self-assembled molecular solution is spin-coated on the surface of the hole transport layer at a speed of 3000 rpm, and annealed to form a self-assembled molecular layer, that is, a passivation layer with a thickness of 5 nm is obtained.

[0709] The test steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 3.

[0710] Example 36

[0711] Example 36 is basically the same as Comparative Example 4, except that the preparation method of the hole transport layer in Step 2 is as follows:

[0712] The above compound SAM1 and SAM18 are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 as a doping material and dissolved in methanol. After dissolution, a self-assembled molecular solution (total concentration of 1 mg / mL) is obtained; the self-assembled molecular solution is spin-coated on the surface of the first electrode at a speed of 3000 rpm, and annealed to form a self-assembled molecular layer, that is, a hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm is obtained.

[0713] The test steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 3.

[0714] Example 37

[0715] Example 37 is basically the same as Example 19, except that Step 2 is omitted, and SAM2 is added to the perovskite precursor solution in Step 3, with a concentration of 1 mg / mL.

[0716] The test steps are the same as those in Example 1. For specific results, please refer to Table 3.

[0717] The test results of Examples 35 - 37 are shown in Table 2.

[0718] Table 3

[0719] Doping material Optimal efficiency P30 Example 35 SAM1 25.53％ 24.65％ Example 36 SAM1 25.74％ 24.79％ Example 37 SAM2 25.59％ 24.42％

[0720] Analyzing the experimental results in Table 3 above, when the organic compounds and their oxygen-containing acid salts of the present application are used as doping materials for the passivation layer, hole transport layer, and perovskite layer, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can also be improved.

[0721] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0722] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims, and the specification and the drawings can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An organic compound, characterized in that The organic compound is shown in formula (1): Wherein, Ar is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 50 ring atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 50 ring atoms, a group represented by formula (A) and a group represented by formula (B): Ar' is selected from any one of a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 ring atoms and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; Ar1 to Ar6 are independently selected from any one of H, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and at least one of Ar1 to Ar3 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and at least one of Ar4 to Ar6 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms; L is selected from a chain alkane subunit having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R1 is an oxyacid group; n1 is selected from any integer from 1 to 3, and m1 is selected from any integer from 1 to 10; Alternatively, the organic compound is an oxygen-containing acid salt of the compound represented by formula (1).

2. The organic compound according to claim 1, characterized in that Ar' is independently selected from any one or any combination of the following groups Ar'1 to Ar'7: Among them, Y a ~Y f are independently selected from -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)-, -S-, -As-, -Se-, -C(=O)-, -C(=S)-, -C(=NR9)-, -C(=CR 10 )-any one; Each occurrence of Z1 to Z7 is independently selected from C(R 11 ) or N; R2~R 11 are independently selected from H, a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms, -OC(=O)R 12 、-NHC(=O)R 13 、-N(R 14 )2. -L1N + (R 15 )3X1 - 、-L2P + (R 16 )3X2 - ; L1 and L2 are independently selected from any one of a single bond and an alkane subunit having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R 12 ~R 16 are independently selected from H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 12 ~R 13 Not H; X1 - and X2 - are independently selected from halogen ions; * indicates the attachment site.

3. The organic compound according to claim 1, characterized in that Ar' satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) to (3): (1)Y a ~Y f Each independently selected from any one of -C(R2R3)-, -N(R4)-, -O-, -Si(R6R7)-, -P(R8)- and -S-; (2) R2~R 10 Each of them is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; (3)R 11 Any one selected from the group consisting of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted with a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms.

4. The organic compound according to claim 2, characterized in that Ar' is independently selected from any one or more combinations of the following groups at each occurrence: * indicates the attachment site.

5. The organic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Ar is selected from any one of the groups formed by removing a hydrogen atom from the structures shown in formula (A) to formula (G): wherein X1 to X6 are independently selected from a single bond, C(R 24 R 25 ), O, S, N, NR 26 , C=O or S=O, and X1 and X2 are not single bonds at the same time, X3 and X4 are not single bonds at the same time, and X5 and X6 are not single bonds at the same time; y is selected from any integer from 1 to 3, and when y≥2, X1 is selected from C(R 24 R 25 ); Each occurrence of Y1 is independently selected from CR 27 or N; Y2 to Y6 are each independently selected from C(R 28 R 29 ), O, S, N, NR 30 , any one of C=O or S=O; R 17 ~R 30 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 31 2. -CONR 32 、-OCOR 33 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted olefin group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms, and R 32 and R 33 Not H or D; Ar7 and Ar8 are independently selected from any one of H, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; m2, m3 and m5 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4, m4, m6 and m7 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 6, and m8 and m9 are each independently selected from any integer from 1 to 2.

6. The organic compound according to claim 5, characterized in that In formula (C), X1 is a single bond, and X2 is selected from NR 26 When there is at least one R 17 Or at least one R 18 Not for H.

7. The organic compound according to claim 5, characterized in that Ar7 and Ar8 are independently selected from H or any one of the following structures: Wherein: Y7 to Y9 are independently selected from CR 34 R 35 , any one of O, S, S=O, C=O; Each Z8~Z 14 Each time it occurs, it is independently selected from CR 36 or N, and Z8~Z in the same structural formula 14 Not all are N; R 34 ~R 36 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.

8. The organic compound according to claim 5, characterized in that Ar is selected from any one of the following groups: Among them, R 37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from H, a halogen group, -N(R 66 2. -CONR 67 、-OCOR 68 , any one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; R 66～ R 68 Each of them is independently selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; m 10 ~m 11 、m 14 、m 19 ~m 20 and m 23 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 5, m 13 、m 16 ~m 17 、m 22 、m 25 ~m 26 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 6, m 12 、m 15 、m 18 、m 21 、m 24 、m 27 ~m 29 、m 32 ~m 33、 n2 is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4, m 30 ~m 31 、m 34 ~m 35 are independently selected from any integer from 1 to 2.

9. The organic compound according to claim 8, characterized in that The organic compound satisfies at least one of the following conditions (1) to (2): (1)R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 30 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 30 ring atoms; Optionally, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 15 ring atoms; Optionally, R 17 ~R 30 , R 37 ~R 65 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, a halogen group, a chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms substituted by a halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by a halogen, and a heteroaromatic group having 1 to 10 ring atoms; (2)R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms substituted by halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 ring atoms substituted by halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms, and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 15 ring atoms substituted by halogen; Optionally, R 31 ~R 33 Each occurrence is independently selected from any one of H, D, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkane group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms substituted by halogen, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms, an aromatic group having 6 to 10 ring atoms substituted by halogen, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms and a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 10 ring atoms substituted by halogen.

10. The organic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that Each occurrence of R1 is independently selected from any one of a phosphonic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a boric acid group or a silicic acid group; Optionally, each occurrence of R1 is independently selected from any one of the following structures: * indicates the attachment site.

11. The organic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The oxygen-containing acid salt of the compound represented by formula (1) comprises an anion and a cation, wherein the anion is formed by at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group in the oxygen-containing acid group of the compound represented by formula (1) losing H, and the cation is selected from a metal ion or NH4 + .

12. The organic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The organic compound includes at least one of the compounds represented by formula (SAM1) to formula (SAM17) and the oxygen-containing acid salts of the compounds represented by formula (SAM1) to formula (SAM17):

13. Use of the organic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a passivation material or a hole transport material.

14. A solar cell, characterized in that: The solar cell comprises the organic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. The solar cell according to claim 14, wherein: The solar cell satisfies any one of conditions (1) to (3): (1) The solar cell includes a perovskite layer, and the perovskite layer includes the organic compound; (2) The solar cell comprises a stacked perovskite layer and a hole transport layer; at least one of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer comprises the organic compound; (3) The solar cell comprises a stacked perovskite layer and a hole transport layer, and a passivation layer disposed on at least one side of the hole transport layer; at least one of the perovskite layer, the hole transport layer and the passivation layer comprises the organic compound; Optionally, a passivation layer is provided between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer.

16. The solar cell according to claim 15, characterized in that: The solar cell meets at least one of conditions (1) to (3): (1) The passivation layer includes the organic compound, and the mass proportion of the organic compound in the passivation layer is K1, 0<K1≤100%; (2) the hole transport layer includes the organic compound, and the mass proportion of the organic compound in the hole transport layer is K2, 0<K2≤100%; (3) The perovskite layer includes the organic compound, and the mass proportion of the organic compound in the perovskite layer is K3, 0.01%<K3≤0.5%.

17. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: Comprising the solar cell according to any one of claims 14 to 16.

18. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: Comprising the photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 17.

19. An electrical device, characterized in that: The method comprises at least one of the solar cell according to any one of claims 14 to 16 and the photovoltaic module according to claim 17.

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