Thermal insulation system of a building

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation system for a building, said building comprising at least one facade wall (1) on the outer face (11) of which is arranged an external thermal insulation layer (3), itself provided with an external cladding (4, 5), such that: - said cladding (4, 5) comprises at least one thermally conductive plate (5), - said thermal insulation system comprises at least one Peltier effect module (2), electrical activation means for said module and control means for said activation means, - said Peltier effect module (2) extends into an opening locally traversing the thermal insulation layer (3), so as to be in contact on one side with the thermally conductive plate (5) of the cladding and on the other side with the outer face (11) of the facade wall (1), either directly or via an intermediate thermally conductive material. Figure 1 to be published

Description

Title of the invention: Thermal insulation system for a building technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermal insulation of a building, in particular the insulation of building walls from the outside.

[0002] A significant portion of the energy consumption of residential and commercial buildings is due to heating. To limit this consumption, regulations encourage building renovations to improve thermal performance. This improvement can generally be achieved through better thermal insulation of buildings, particularly by covering exterior walls with insulating materials such as mineral wool (glass wool, rock wool), polymer-based materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene, etc.

[0003] This external thermal insulation allows for significant energy savings for heating buildings in winter. However, in summer, particularly during periods of intense heat such as heat waves, this insulation limits the removal of heat produced inside the building. This results in periods where the indoor temperature can remain high for extended periods.

[0004] External thermal insulation thus provides a positive short-term benefit in terms of heating (during cold periods). In this case, the building benefits from the thermal inertia of the interior walls to limit the temperature rise. However, with this type of thermal insulation, once the walls become hot (during periods of intense heat), this benefit disappears. It also takes longer for the walls to cool down.

[0005] The RE2020 environmental regulation aims to limit the environmental impact of buildings, particularly by limiting their energy consumption. Thermal insulation helps to limit consumption in winter. However, the RE2020 regulation also requires consideration of heatwave periods by limiting the temperature in buildings with limited energy consumption, i.e., without the use of air conditioning.

[0006] This awareness is all the more important given that, with global warming, more frequent and longer heat waves are predicted. It is therefore useful to work on energy-efficient building cooling solutions. Previous technique

[0007] Active wall solutions exist to improve the energy performance of a building.

[0008] For example, the Trombe wall (sometimes called the Trombe-Michel wall) is a so-called "passive" solar heating system. Developed and tested by Professor Félix Trombe and architect Jacques Michel in the 1950s-1970s, this system harnesses the sun's free energy through the greenhouse effect. However, this system focuses on heating, not cooling, buildings.

[0009] Furthermore, CMEG & THERMACOME offers the "Active P2P" technology, which integrates a heating system with a network of hot water pipes and wall-mounted dynamic ventilation (preheating of the building's fresh air) into the facades. However, this system is also focused on heating, and not on cooling buildings.

[0010] US patent application US2013 / 081786 proposes variable insulation by sliding two layers and replacing gas with liquid to vary the thermal resistance of the walls. This approach addresses the problem of cooling by reducing the thermal resistance of building walls at night. This allows for partial heat loss from the building. However, the system's impact is localized in time: cooling occurs only during periods of low thermal resistance. Furthermore, implementing such a system on all the facades of a building appears complex due to the need to slide the layers and the replacement of gas with liquid.

[0011] It is also known from patent application EP3114412 to insert Peltier effect modules into building windows. Peltier effect modules are, as is known, electrically powered modules with two faces, a so-called cold face and a so-called hot face. The principle is to bring an object to be cooled into contact with the so-called cold face, while the other face is coupled to a heat dissipation mechanism. A Peltier effect module comprises a series of "couples" made of a semiconductor material selected so that electrons can act as a heat transfer fluid. Inserting such modules into windows is indeed interesting, but this solution is not without drawbacks: it has a limited cooling capacity.Indeed, these modules cannot perform their cooling function when the shutters are down, they are not easy to install in old windows or windows not designed for this purpose, and finally, the areas where they can be installed in windows are restricted, mostly to the periphery so as not to obstruct the view through the window and to remain discreet / not or barely visible.

[0012] The invention then aims at the development of an improved building thermal insulation system, which can in particular improve the energy performance of buildings insulated from the outside, in particular their cooling capacity in high heat, in as simple and efficient a way as possible. Summary of the invention

[0013] The invention relates firstly to a thermal insulation system for a building, said building comprising at least one facade wall on the outer face of which is arranged a layer of external thermal insulation, itself fitted with an external cladding, and such that: - said cladding includes at least one thermally conductive plate, - said thermal insulation system comprises at least one Peltier effect module, electrical activation means for said module and control means for said activation means, - The Peltier effect module extends through an opening that locally penetrates the thermal insulation layer, so as to be in contact on one side with the thermally conductive cladding plate and on the other side with the exterior face of the facade wall, either directly or via a thermally conductive intermediate material.

[0014] For the purposes of the invention, the term "insulation layer" is to be understood as a layer of insulating material, such as mineral wool or polymer, which may, in particular, be in the form of sheets / panels that are placed side by side on the wall, or in the form of a roll (mineral wool) that is unrolled, or even as an insulating product that is sprayed directly. It is therefore not necessarily a continuous layer in the strict sense across the entire wall.These insulating materials can be held in position by being directly fixed to the wall by appropriate means, or by a framework itself fixed to the wall onto which the panels or rolls can be easily hung / fixed.

[0015] For the purposes of this invention, the opening in which the Peltier module extends is therefore an opening made in an insulation board / panel, or between two adjoining boards / panels, and made either after the insulation layer has been installed or before installation. It is also possible that this opening is not provided beforehand, and that the Peltier module is forced into said layer, particularly when it is made of a compressible material such as mineral wool.

[0016] For the purposes of the invention, the wall is a masonry wall, in particular made of concrete or cinder blocks.

[0017] In the context of the invention, and as is known in the building industry, cladding, also called facing, is a protective covering that is applied to the wall via the thermal insulation layer in the form of attached elements, notably using fixing means or a framework fixed to the wall. These elements can, as is known, be made of wood, composite material, PVC-type polymer, sheet metal, etc.

[0018] For the purposes of this invention, the "thermally conductive plate" of the cladding is, for example, metallic. In fact, the wall cladding, for implementing the invention, can be made of any known material, conductive or non-conductive, except in relation to the Peltier effect modules, where a conductive plate is provided. Its dimensions depend in particular on the size of the Peltier effect module.

[0019] The invention therefore proposes to exploit the cooling capacity of Peltier effect modules for buildings insulated from the outside: In insulation mode, the Peltier module is preferably switched off to achieve maximum insulation. The facade provides significant thermal insulation thanks to its external insulation layer. In cooling mode, the Peltier effect module is activated, imposing a heat flow that cools the masonry (the wall). The masonry "stores" the coolness (thermal inertia) and can release it the next day by absorbing internal heat.

[0020] Integrating Peltier effect modules into the facade is very relevant: they can be placed within the insulation material, without being visible from the outside, which allows for very free planning of their dimensions, number and distribution on the facade.

[0021] It is conceivable that these Peltier effect modules could be added in new construction, but also, and this is the whole point of the invention, in the energy renovation of existing buildings, when installing an external insulation layer, or even once the insulation layer has already been installed to aim for an additional energy improvement of the building.

[0022] We can also highlight the ease of implementation of Peltier effect modules, which simply require a power supply, as electrical outlets are generally available in buildings. With this type of device, the need for complex equipment to produce or operate is avoided: Peltier effect modules have no moving parts or fluid circuits that would impose, in particular, sealing and construction constraints, and are efficient while having limited energy consumption.

[0023] The Peltier module can impose a significant heat flux. Therefore, to ensure contact between the module and the outer face of the facade wall, several implementations can be considered: If the thermal conductivity of the outer face of the wall is high, it will be able to efficiently distribute the heat flux from the Peltier. Otherwise, an intermediate layer of a thermally conductive material can be inserted between the Peltier module and the outer face of the wall. This layer could be, for example, a metal plate of appropriate dimensions.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the thermal insulation system according to the invention comprises air convection means, in particular forced or finned, said means being arranged on the exterior cladding opposite at least one of the Peltier effect module(s). Indeed, on the exterior side, the Peltier effect module is also required to dissipate heat. If the conductive plate of the cladding is sufficiently thermally conductive, it is sufficient to dissipate heat by natural convection. Otherwise, a forced convection or finned device can be added.

[0025] Advantageously, the control means for activating the Peltier module(s) can also control the forced air convection means. It is therefore preferable to activate both the modules and the forced air convection means simultaneously, for the same periods of time, or possibly by providing for continued activation of the air convection means for a certain period after the Peltier module has been switched off / deactivated.

[0026] Advantageously, the thermal insulation system according to the invention can also include at least one means for measuring temperature inside and / or outside the building, in particular of the sensor(s) type, and the control means can then authorize or not the activation of the or at least one of the Peltier effect modules according to temperature measurements by the temperature measurement means.

[0027] Advantageously, the control means can be connected to the activation means and to one or more sensors and / or a weather forecasting service and, where applicable, to forced air convection means associated with the Peltier module(s), to automatically control the activation of the Peltier module(s) and, where applicable, the forced air convection means, automatically taking into account temperature measurements taken by the temperature measurement means and / or information from the weather forecasting service. This provides automated control of the Peltier modules, which are activated or deactivated according to the ambient temperature conditions, both inside and / or outside the building.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the control means authorize or not the activation of the or at least one of the Peltier effect modules depending on the temperature difference AT obtained from the measurements of the temperature Text outside the building and the temperature Tint inside the building made by the temperature measurement means, in particular of the sensor(s) type.

[0029] And in this case, preferably, the control means allow the activation of the Peltier effect module(s). - when the temperature difference AT is less than or equal to a setpoint temperature difference AT-c, particularly when this difference in setpoint temperature is 15°C or 10°C, this temperature difference being sufficient to ensure cooling with maximum efficiency (this difference is to be understood as the Text - T int difference, that is to say, for example, that the Peltier effect module is activated when the outside temperature is higher than the inside temperature by, for example, 5 or 10°C) - and / or when the outside temperature Text is greater than or equal to a setpoint outside temperature Text-c, particularly when this setpoint temperature T ext-c is 0°C or 5°C, this minimum outside temperature ensures heating in the same way, this time with maximum efficiency.

[0030] Advantageously, the control means can have an automatic operating mode and a manual operating mode. This allows for an automated operating mode of the Peltier effect modules, while still retaining the option to switch to manual mode.

[0031] The invention also relates to the assembly comprising a facade wall of a building and the thermal insulation system to which it is associated as described above.

[0032] The invention also relates to a method for controlling a thermal insulation system of a building as described above, the method comprising the following steps: - measurement of the outside temperature (Text) and the inside temperature (Tint) of the building, - possibly calculating the difference AT between these two temperatures, - activation of the Peltier effect module(s) when this difference remains less than or equal to a setpoint temperature difference AT-c, in particular 15°C or 10°C and / or when the outside temperature Text is greater than or equal to an outside temperature setpoint Text-c, in particular 0°C or 5°C.

[0033] This control method preferably provides that the forced air convection means are also activated when the Peltier effect module(s) are activated.

[0034] This control method preferably provides that the Peltier effect module(s) are activated during the night in high daytime heat, in order to cool the building.

[0035] This control method preferably provides that the Peltier effect module(s) are activated when the temperature Text outside the building is greater than or equal to a setpoint temperature Text-c, in order to heat the building.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the system and method according to the invention will become apparent from the following description of non-limiting examples of embodiments, with reference to the figures attached and described below. List of figures

[0037] [Fig.1] Fig. 1 represents a section of a facade wall of a building equipped with a thermal insulation system according to a first embodiment. [Fig.2] Fig. 2 represents a section of a facade wall of a building equipped with a thermal insulation system according to a second embodiment. [Fig.3] Figure 3 represents a front view from the outside of a facade wall equipped with a thermal insulation system according to a first variant of the first embodiment. [Fig.4] Figure 4 represents a front view from the outside of a facade wall equipped with a thermal insulation system according to a second variant of the first embodiment. [Fig. 5] Figure 5 represents a front view from the outside of a facade wall equipped with a thermal insulation system according to the second embodiment. [Fig.6] Figure 6 represents a graph showing temperature curves as a function of time, respectively for the outside temperature, the inside temperature of a building equipped with a thermal insulation system according to the prior art, and the inside temperature of a building equipped with a thermal insulation system according to the invention.

[0038] Figures 1 to 5 are extremely schematic, and the different elements / compounds represented are not necessarily to scale to facilitate reading; identical references from one figure to another refer to identical components from one figure to another. Description of the implementation methods

[0039] The present invention relates to a thermal insulation system for a building, the purpose of which is to improve the building's thermal performance. The invention also aims to be able to cool the building when the temperature inside the building is high. The building can be of any type: house individual, residential building, office building, warehouses, commercial building, factory, leisure building, etc.

[0040] In this application, the term "interior" means the space formed within the building or any face of a wall or layer of material facing inwards, while the term "exterior" means what surrounds the building or any face of a wall or material facing outwards from the building.

[0041] The building thermal insulation system according to the invention is defined as follows: - the building comprises at least one facade wall on the outer face of which is arranged a layer of external thermal insulation, itself fitted with an external cladding, - the cladding includes at least one thermally conductive panel, - the thermal insulation system comprises at least one Peltier effect module, electrical activation means for said module and control means for said activation means, - said Peltier effect module extends into an opening that locally penetrates the thermal insulation layer, so as to be in contact on one side with the thermally conductive plate of the cladding and on the other side with the outer face of the facade wall, either directly or via an intermediate thermally conductive material.

[0042] The facade wall thus delimits a part of the building's volume (in other words, it is an external wall: one face of the wall is directed towards the interior of the building, and the other face is directed towards the exterior of the building), for example, a wall or a roof of the building.

[0043] The thermal insulation layer is made of a material with a lower thermal inertia than the building wall material. It forms an outer envelope for the wall, limiting heat transfer between the inside and outside of the building. Due to the difference in thermal inertia between the wall materials and the thermal insulation layer, the wall can store heat or coolness.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the invention, the wall can be made of concrete, cinder blocks or any similar material.

[0045] The material of the thermal insulation layer can in particular be chosen from synthetic insulators (made of plastic / polymer), natural insulators (plant or animal products, such as sheep's wool or hemp) and mineral insulators (such as glass wool), or any similar material.

[0046] According to one embodiment of the invention, the thermal insulation system may include means for forced air circulation. For example, the means for forced air circulation may include at least one fan when the conductive plate proves insufficient to dissipate the heat, the means for circulation forced air being arranged opposite the Peltier effect modules. For example, the fan can be a tangential fan or a centrifugal fan.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the control means may include computer means, such as a computer or calculator to ensure the activation or deactivation of the power supply means for the Peltier effect modules, and possibly power supply means for the forced air circulation means where applicable.

[0048] The control means may include a thermostat (or switch) which automatically opens or closes the power supply means and any forced air circulation means depending on the temperature.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the control means can be connected to a weather forecasting service, in particular via an online service, and can adapt the opening and closing of the supply and evacuation means according to the weather forecast. This embodiment makes it possible to limit the instrumentation required and / or to compensate for sensor failures.

[0050] In isolation mode, the Peltier effect module is switched off to maximize insulation. The facade provides significant thermal insulation thanks to the external insulation layer.

[0051] In cooling mode, the Peltier effect module is activated. A heat flow is imposed by the module, cooling the masonry. The masonry "stores" the coolness (thermal inertia) and can release it the next day by absorbing internal heat.

[0052] The Peltier module can be activated at any time of day. However, to ensure maximum efficiency of the Peltier module, the temperature gradient on either side of the module is preferably limited, for example, to 10°C. In hot weather, this condition may not be met. It can therefore be advantageous to activate the Peltier module at night: This action allows heat to be dissipated from the wall and "cooled" by the time it is warmed. Thus, by the end of the night, the wall can reach 20°C, for example. The following day, the Peltier module is then deactivated: The thermal inertia of the wall helps to limit the temperature rise in the building during the day.

[0053] The Peltier module can impose a significant heat flux. Thus, if the thermal conductivity of the outer wall is high, it will be able to efficiently distribute the heat flux from the Peltier module. Otherwise, an intermediate layer of a material with good thermal conductivity, for example metallic, is preferably placed between the Peltier module and the wall.

[0054] Similarly, on the exterior side, the side facing the cladding, the Peltier module must dissipate heat. If the exterior face is sufficiently thermally conductive, this- This will be sufficient to dissipate the heat through natural convection. Otherwise, a forced air convection or fin system may be considered.

[0055] The invention also allows the building to be heated. Ideally, the Peltier effect module will preferably be used for this purpose when there is a small temperature difference between the inside and outside, and preferably with an outside temperature of at least 5 °C.

[0056] In the context of the invention, the exterior faces of the facade walls are equipped with a plurality of Peltier effect modules, which can be distributed over the entire surface homogeneously or not. These modules are in fact generally small in size, on the order of a centimeter or tens of centimeters.

[0057] Figure 1 schematically represents a portion of a section of a facade wall of a building equipped with a thermal insulation system according to a first embodiment, in vertical section. Shown are: the wall 1, made of concrete or stacked concrete blocks, which has an internal face 12, facing the interior of the building (not shown), and an external face 11 facing the exterior of the building. This wall is provided, on its external face 12, with a layer of insulating material 3, for example, made of glass wool. A Peltier module 2 is inserted locally into this channel, either by creating a channel through the layer, or by force insertion if the layer is compressible, or by leaving a space defining a channel between two layers of insulating material joined to form layer 3.Here it is essentially cylindrical or parallelepiped in shape, the channel being sized to accommodate it.

[0058] The inner face 22 of the Peltier effect module is in contact with the outer face 11 of the wall 1. The contact can be direct, in particular if the material which constitutes the wall has a certain thermal conductivity, or indirect, via the interposition of a material (not shown) having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the wall 1.

[0059] The wall is thus equipped with a plurality of Peltier effect modules, the distribution of which is adjustable according to the desired effect, the dimensions of wall 1, etc...

[0060] The exterior cladding covering the insulating material layer 3 is here an assembly of two types of cladding: a cladding 5 in the form of a thermally conductive plate, for example made of metal, facing and in contact with the outer face 21 of the module 2 which is flush with the outer face 31 of the insulating material layer 3, and a cladding 4 for which a certain thermal conductivity such as that of metal is not required: this cladding 4 can be made of wood, polymer, composite material, and can also be in the form of plates to be assembled...

[0061] The distribution between these two types of cladding can be achieved in various ways, particularly to preserve the aesthetic appeal of the building's exterior appearance. It is also possible to equip the façade only with sufficiently conductive cladding.

[0062] Fig. 3 gives an example: the facade seen from the outside has alternating horizontal bands of cladding material 4 and more conductive cladding material 5, the Peltier effect modules 2 being arranged in rows "behind" the cladding bands 5.

[0063] Fig. 4 gives another example, with cladding panels, each of which is dedicated to a Peltier effect module, the rest of the cladding being made up of cladding 4, which gives a checkerboard effect.

[0064] Figure 2 schematically represents a portion of a section of a facade wall of a building equipped with a thermal insulation system according to a second embodiment, in vertical section. We will focus here on describing what differentiates it from the first embodiment shown in Figure 1, all other things being equal. Here, a forced air convection device, a fan 6 in this case, is added, positioned opposite and at a distance from the cladding 5 in contact with the outer face 21 of the Peltier effect module 2, and centered on it, so that, once switched on, forced air circulation is achieved, as shown by the arrows 7, by projecting air against the outer wall of the cladding 5 and air flowing along its surface towards the cladding 4 surrounding the cladding 5.

[0065] Figure 5 shows the facade viewed from the outside with the Peltier effect modules associated with fans as shown in Figure 2, with a checkerboard pattern between the cladding panels 4 and 5. Compared to the checkerboard pattern shown in Figure 4, there are also fans 6, centered on the cladding panels 5, behind which the Peltier effect modules are positioned. These fans can be fitted with an exterior face, a coating that harmonizes with the appearance of the surrounding cladding panels 4 and 5. Note that here the cladding panels 5 are visible and larger than the fans, resulting in a visible strip of cladding panel 5 "behind" and framing the fans 6. The relative dimensions, shapes of the outlines, and appearance of the cladding panels 5 and the fans 6 can be largely adjusted / modified according to needs / constraints.

[0066] Figures 1 to 5 do not depict the power supply means for the Peltier effect modules 2 and the fans 6 when present, nor the control means for operating them: these may be simple switches preferably located inside the building, if the control is purely manual, or computer / electronic means coupled with sensors such as temperature or online weather services for automated module control, while retaining the option to revert to manual control if needed. Examples

[0067] The characteristics and advantages of the method according to the invention will become clearer upon reading the application example below in view of a comparative example of conventional passive insulation.

[0068] The case study is a 36 m² apartment, consisting of one room, whose party walls with the neighboring apartments are considered adiabatic. This assumes identical thermal behavior in the neighboring apartments, implying an absence of heat transfer. However, these walls are included in the model because they contribute thermal inertia to the room.

[0069] The air volume of the apartment is 90 m3.

[0070] The surface area of ​​the exterior facade of the exterior wall is 25 m2.

[0071] The surface area of ​​the party walls (walls, floor, ceiling) is 102 m2.

[0072] The surface area of ​​the windows is 6 m2. Their heat loss coefficient is 2 W / m2

[0073] The ventilation is continuous and equal to 20 m3 / h, the average order of magnitude for a for a room of this size, and we also take into account the daily presence of two people between 6 p.m. and 8 a.m., representing a heat output of 150W. Solar radiation is not taken into account.

[0074] The exterior walls themselves are 18 cm thick and are made of concrete, the interior / party walls are also made of concrete and are only 9 cm thick.

[0075] The exterior walls are insulated from the outside with a 3 x 4 cm layer of polystyrene, typical insulation from the early 2000s.

[0076] The heat loss coefficient of the windows corresponds to average performance double-glazed windows.

[0077] The outer walls 1 are equipped with Peltier effect modules 2 as shown in figures 1 and 5.

[0078] Peltier effect modules emit 4 W / cm² and have dimensions of approximately 4 cm x 4 cm x 4 mm. They are commercially available. Approximately 40 such modules are needed to equip a 25 m² wall, for example, evenly distributed in a checkerboard pattern across the entire surface of the wall.

[0079] Claddings 4 and 5 can be chosen from the following materials, whose thermal conductivity is indicated below: - Steel 46 W / m / K - Copper 390 W / m / K - Aluminium 237 W / m / K - Stainless steel 26 W / m / K -Zinc 116W / m / K - Natural stone (1-2 W / m / K)

[0080] Conductive cladding 5 can for example be chosen in aluminium, while conventional cladding 4 can be chosen in natural stone.

[0081] Their thickness can be on the order of 1 to 10 mm when they are metallic, and a little thicker, on the order of 1 to a few cm for natural stones, it is rather chosen according to the mechanical strength of the materials chosen.

[0082] Two insulation models will be compared: - Comparative example 1: passive insulation from the outside, according to the prior art, no control is applied, wall 1 is simply equipped with a layer 3 of insulation and conventional cladding 4. The apartment is totally subjected to variations in outside temperature. - Example 2 according to the invention: active insulation according to the invention, using Peltier effect modules as described above and shown in Figures 1 and 4. The insulated wall receives a heat flow between the structural part of the wall 1 and the insulation 3 so as to cool it when the outside temperature is lower than that of the room. The heat flow is 100 W / m².

[0083] The indoor temperature in the apartment is then simulated for two situations, for the temperatures recorded in Paris during the summer of 2022 (between June 21 and August 30).

[0084] Fig. 6 is a graph of the temperature T in °C as a function of day J. On the left axis is the indoor temperature in °C, on the right axis is the outdoor temperature in °C, and on the x-axis is the time expressed in days. The C0 curve indicates the variation in outside temperature.

[0085] Curve Cl illustrates the indoor temperature of the apartment for the situation according to comparative example 1 of the prior art.

[0086] Curve C2 illustrates the indoor temperature of the apartment for example 2 implementing an embodiment of the invention.

[0087] It can be observed that when the insulation is passive (example 1 according to the prior art and curve Cl), the interior temperature is relatively independent of variations in the exterior temperature. During the heat wave (between the 20th and 30th day), the interior temperature does eventually rise and hardly falls again due to the heat stored in the concrete walls 1 and trapped behind the insulation 3 or in the party walls.

[0088] In the active insulation configuration according to Example 2 of the invention (curve C2), the short nighttime periods are sufficient to dissipate the heat stored during the day by activating the Peltier effect modules 2. During the heat wave, when the insulation is not deactivated because the outside temperature is too high, the The room heats up. But the temperature is controlled, because it was initially lower, and it drops again at the slightest drop in temperature.

[0089] Finally, the active insulation according to the invention makes it possible to never exceed 23°C inside the apartment, whereas passive insulation approaches 29°C inside the apartment at the end of summer.

[0090] Therefore, the invention allows for better insulation and, in particular, better air cooling in buildings according to needs and weather conditions, in a simple and efficient manner.

Claims

Demands

1. Assembly comprising a facade wall (1) of a building and a thermal insulation system to which it is associated, said building comprising at least one facade wall (1) on the outer face (11) of which is arranged an external thermal insulation layer (3), itself provided with an external cladding (4,5), characterized in that: - said cladding (4,5) comprises at least one thermally conductive plate (5), - said thermal insulation system comprises at least one Peltier effect module (2), electrical activation means for said module and control means for said activation means, - said Peltier effect module (2) extends in an opening locally traversing the thermal insulation layer (3), so as to be in contact on one side with the thermally conductive plate (5) of the cladding and on the other side with the outer face (11) of the facade wall (1), directly or via an intermediate thermally conductive material.

2. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises means (6) for air convection, in particular forced or finned type, said means being arranged on the external cladding (4,5) opposite at least one of the Peltier effect module(s) (2).

3. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the control means of the activation means of the Peltier effect module(s) also control the means (6) of forced air convection.

4. Assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one means for measuring temperature inside and / or outside the building, in particular of the sensor(s) type, and in that the control means permit or not the activation of the or at least one of the Peltier effect modules (2) as a function of temperature measurements by the temperature measurement means(s).

5. Assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control means are connected to the activation means and to one or more sensors and / or a weather forecasting service and, where applicable, to convection means forced air associated with the Peltier effect module(s), to automatically control the activation of the Peltier effect module(s) (2) and, where applicable, the means (6) of forced air convection, automatically taking into account temperature measurements taken by temperature sensors and / or information from the weather forecast service.

6. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the control means allow or do not allow the activation of the or at least one of the Peltier effect modules (2) as a function of the temperature difference AT obtained from the measurements of the Text temperature outside the building and the Tint temperature inside the building carried out by the temperature measurement means, in particular of sensor type(s).

7. Assembly according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the control means allow the activation of the Peltier effect module(s) (2) when the temperature difference AT is less than or equal to a setpoint temperature difference AT-c, in particular 15°C or 10°C and / or when the outside temperature Text is greater than or equal to an outside setpoint temperature Text-c, in particular 0°C or 5°C.

8. Assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piloting means have an automatic operating mode and a manual operating mode.

9. A method for controlling an assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - measurement of the outside temperature Text and the inside temperature Tint of the building, - calculation of the difference AT between these two temperatures, - activation of the Peltier effect module(s) (2) when this difference remains less than or equal to a setpoint temperature difference AT-c, which is 15°C or 10°C and / or when the outside temperature Text is greater than or equal to an outside setpoint temperature Text-c which is 0°C or 5°C.

10. A control method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that air convection means (6) are also activated when the Peltier effect module(s) (2) are activated.

11. A control method according to claim 9 or claim 10, characterized in that the Peltier effect module(s) (2) are activated

12. during the night in times of intense daytime heat, in order to cool the building. Control method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the Peltier effect module(s) (2) is activated when the temperature Text outside the building is greater than or equal to a setpoint temperature Text-c, in order to heat the building.

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