Energy management and distribution system for battery energy storage system.

Abstract

- Energy management and distribution system for battery energy storage system. - The energy management and distribution system (1) comprises a plurality of connectors (2) for each connecting an energy storage unit (3), a plurality of connectors (4) for each connecting a bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) connected to a power supply network (14), a switching arrangement (6) connected between the plurality of first connectors (2) and the plurality of second connectors (4), the switching arrangement (6) being configured to couple a number of bidirectional DC / AC converters (5) greater than or equal to a number of energy storage units (3). Figure for abstract: Fig.1

Description

Title of the invention: Energy management and distribution system for battery energy storage system. Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy management and distribution system for a battery energy storage system. State of the art

[0002] The storage of electrical energy for industrial applications is a rapidly developing field. For environmental protection reasons, electrical energy storage systems can be chosen that implement recycled batteries and chargers. In the case of electric vehicles, the batteries and chargers to be recycled are developed in successive ranges of vehicles and can be simultaneously available on the market, particularly in second life. The batteries and chargers to be recycled available are therefore very diverse. However, this diversity of batteries of chargers to be recycled leads to a need to guarantee not only a certain operability of the storage system implementing these batteries and chargers, but also a need for the ability to manage these batteries and chargers which are generally heterogeneous elements.

[0003] Currently there is no storage system that meets these needs. Statement of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome this lack of a storage system meeting these needs.

[0005] For this, it relates to an energy management and distribution system for a battery energy storage system.

[0006] According to the invention, the system comprises: - a plurality of first connectors each intended to connect an energy storage unit or an energy source; - a plurality of second connectors each intended to connect a bidirectional DC / AC converter capable of being connected to an electrical supply network; - a switching arrangement connected between the plurality of first connectors and the plurality of second connectors, the switching arrangement comprising switching cells, the switching arrangement being configured to be able to individually couple and decouple using the switching cells each first connector of the plurality of first connectors to and from each second connector of the plurality of second connectors, the arrangement switching being further configured to couple a number of bidirectional DC / AC converters greater than or equal to a number of energy storage units or energy sources.

[0007] Thus, thanks to the switching arrangement, it is possible not only to guarantee a certain operability of the storage system, but also to meet the need for the ability to manage heterogeneous batteries and chargers, in particular from different electric vehicles.

[0008] Furthermore, the system comprises a control supervisor configured to determine a connection configuration of the at least one energy storage unit capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector of the plurality of first connectors and of the at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter connected respectively to at least one second connector of the plurality of second connectors, the control supervisor is further configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector of the plurality of first connectors and to at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter capable of being connected respectively to at least one second connector of the plurality of second connectors,said at least one energy storage unit or energy source and said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter being selected: , - based on power supply instructions from an external controller and - either as a function of a state of said at least one energy storage unit or energy source and a state of each of said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter, or as a function of a desired coupling between said at least one energy storage unit or energy source and said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter.

[0009] According to an automatic mode, the control supervisor is configured to request the at least one energy storage unit or energy source selected and connected respectively to at least one first connector and the at least one bidirectional DC / AC converters selected and connected respectively to at least one second connector, the control supervisor is further configured to control the switching cells of the switching arrangement to couple only said at least one requested energy storage unit or energy source to said at least one requested DC / AC bidirectional converter.

[0010] According to a manual mode, the system comprises a human-machine interface configured to manually control by the operator the switching cells of the switching arrangement in order to couple only said at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source to said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter based on said at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source and said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter.

[0011] According to one feature, the human-machine interface comprises: - a first display device configured to indicate to the operator said at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source and said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter, - a control panel configured to manually control by the operator the switching cells of the switching arrangement, - a second display device configured to signal to the operator a control error if at least one switching cell of the switching arrangement has been incorrectly controlled by the operator.

[0012] According to another feature, the state of said at least one energy storage unit or energy source comprises: - a quantity of charge capable of being stored by said at least one energy storage unit or energy source and - a voltage capable of being supplied by said at least one energy storage unit or energy source, the state of each of said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter comprising at least one operating state of said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter.

[0013] In addition, the control supervisor is configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source capable of storing a non-zero amount of charge and capable of providing a voltage greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage.

[0014] Furthermore, each switching cell comprises blocking or current passage elements, reversible in their blocking or current passage direction.

[0015] In addition, each of the current blocking or passing elements comprises an active switch.

[0016] For example, the active switch is of the MOSFET type.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the current blocking or passing elements comprise a first diode, a first switch, a second diode and a second switch, the first diode being connected in parallel to the first switch, the second diode being connected in parallel to the second switch, the first diode and the second diode being connected in series and head to tail with respect to each other, each of said switches being configured to be switched indi- individually in open or closed position.

[0018] For example, the first switch and the second switch are of the IGBT type.

[0019] Advantageously, each of said at least first connectors comprises a first battery protection element.

[0020] Preferably, the energy storage unit(s) each correspond to a battery from a motor vehicle.

[0021] In addition, the bidirectional DC / AC converter(s) each correspond to a bidirectional DC / AC converter from a motor vehicle.

[0022] Advantageously, comprises at least one second protection element connected between the DC / AC bidirectional converter(s) and the electrical supply network. Brief description of the figures

[0023] The attached figures will make it clear how the invention can be implemented. In these figures, identical references designate similar elements.

[0024] [Fig.l] schematically represents an embodiment of the battery energy storage system comprising the energy management and distribution system.

[0025] [Fig.2] represents an embodiment of the management and distribution system energy according to a configuration to which energy storage units and bidirectional DC / AC converters are connected.

[0026] [Fig.3] represents an embodiment of a switching cell with differentiation of the direction of the current flowing in a first direction of the current.

[0027] [Fig.4] represents an embodiment of a switching cell with dif differentiation of the direction of current passing in a second direction of current, opposite to the first direction of current.

[0028] [Fig.5] represents an embodiment of the energy management and distribution system to which energy storage units and bidirectional DC / AC converters are connected, according to a manual mode and according to a first configuration of coupling of the switching cells with differentiation of the direction of the current.

[0029] [Fig.6] represents an embodiment of the energy management and distribution system to which energy storage units and bidirectional DC / AC converters are connected, in an automatic mode and in a second configuration of coupling of the switching cells with differentiation of the current direction.

[0030] [Fig.7] represents an embodiment of the management and distribution system energy to which energy storage units and bidirectional DC / AC converters are connected, in an automatic mode and according to the first configuration coupling of switching cells with differentiation of current direction.

[0031] [Fig.8] represents an embodiment of the management and distribution system energy to which energy storage units and bidirectional DC / AC converters are connected, in a manual mode and in a switching cell coupling configuration without differentiation of the current direction.

[0032] [Fig.9] represents an embodiment of the management and distribution system energy to which energy storage units and bidirectional DC / AC converters are connected, in an automatic mode and according to a switching cell coupling configuration without differentiation of the current direction. Detailed description

[0033] The energy management and distribution system 1 is shown schematically in [Fig.l] according to one embodiment. The energy management and distribution system 1 is intended to be implemented for a battery energy storage system S.

[0034] The energy management and distribution system 1 comprises at least: - a plurality of first connectors 2, - a plurality of second connectors 4 and - a switching arrangement 6.

[0035] The plurality of first connectors 2 are each intended to connect an energy storage unit or an energy source 3.

[0036] The energy storage unit(s) 3 may each correspond to a battery from a motor vehicle.

[0037] The energy source 3 may correspond to a direct current energy source, such as a photovoltaic panel or any other direct current energy source.

[0038] In the remainder of the description, in order not to make the text longer, the expression “energy storage unit 3” is used, but it is understood that this expression means “energy storage unit or energy source”, unless otherwise specified.

[0039] The plurality of second connectors 4 are each intended to connect a bidirectional DC / AC (or, in other words, reversible) converter (or charger) 5 capable of being connected to an electrical supply network 14, for example, via a three-phase line. In a non-limiting manner, the electrical supply network 14 may correspond to a public electrical supply network or to a local electrical supply micro-network.

[0040] In the description, the term AC means "alternating current" and the term DC means "direct current". Thus, a bidirectional DC / AC converter corresponds to a converter which can convert a direct current into an alternating current and which can convert an alternating current into a direct current.

[0041] The DC / AC bidirectional converter(s) 5 may each correspond to a DC / AC bidirectional converter from a motor vehicle.

[0042] By way of non-limiting example, the maximum number of DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 is equal to eight and the maximum number of energy storage units 3 is equal to eight.

[0043] The switching arrangement 6 is connected between the plurality of first connectors 2 and the plurality of second connectors 4. The switching arrangement 6 comprises switching cells 7. The switching arrangement 6 is configured to be able to individually couple and decouple, using the switching cells 7, each first connector 2 of the plurality of first connectors 2 to and from each second connector 4 of the plurality of second connectors 4.

[0044] According to a first embodiment, the switching cells 7 may correspond to switching cells with differentiation of the current direction ([Fig.2] to [Fig.7]). According to a second embodiment, the switching cells 7 may correspond to switching cells without differentiation of the current direction ([Fig.8] and [Fig.9]). According to a first variant of the first embodiment or of the second embodiment, the switching cells 7 may be controlled manually according to a manual mode ([Fig.2], [Fig.5], [Fig.6] and [Fig.8]). Thanks to the manual mode, it is possible to guarantee the integrity of the energy storage system S against any remote access to the energy storage system S or any unauthorized remote manipulation of the energy storage system S.

[0045] In a second variant of the first embodiment or of the second embodiment, the switching cells 7 can be controlled automatically according to an automatic mode ([Fig.7] and [Fig.9]).

[0046] [Fig.2], [Fig.5], [Fig.6] and [Fig.7] represent the first non-limiting embodiment of the switching arrangement 6 comprising the switching cells 7 with differentiation of the current direction. [Fig.8] and [Fig.9] represent the second non-limiting embodiment of the switching arrangement 6 comprising the switching cells 7 without differentiation of the current direction.

[0047] As shown in [Fig.2] and in [Fig.8], each of the first connectors 2 can be connected to a number of switching cells 7, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F (connected to each other in parallel) equal to the number of second connectors 4. Thus, in [Fig.2], each of the two first connectors 2 is connected to four switching cells 7, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F connected to each other in parallel. Furthermore, each of the second connectors 4 is connected in series to a number of switching cells 7, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F equal to the number of first connectors 2. Thus, in [Fig.2], each of the four second connectors 4 is connected in series to two switching cells 7, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F.

[0048] The switching arrangement 6 is further configured to couple a number of DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 greater than or equal to a number of energy storage units 3.

[0049] In the embodiment shown in [Fig.l], the energy management and distribution system 1 is connected to three energy storage units 3 via three first connectors 2 and to four bidirectional DC / AC converters 5 via four second connectors 4.

[0050] Each of said at least first connectors 2 of the plurality of first connectors 2 may comprise a battery protection element 21.

[0051] The first battery protection element(s) 21 may be configured to detect abnormal behavior of the energy storage unit 3 to which it is connected and to cut off the current between the switching arrangement 6 and said energy storage unit 3 before the switching arrangement 6 is damaged.

[0052] The battery protection element 21 may also be configured to detect abnormal behavior of the switching arrangement 6 and to cut off the current between the switching arrangement 6 and said energy storage unit 3 before said energy storage unit 3 is damaged.

[0053] Furthermore, the energy management and distribution system 1 may comprise at least one second protection element 22 connected between the DC / AC bidirectional converter(s) 5 and the electrical power supply network 14.

[0054] The second battery protection element(s) 22 may be configured to detect abnormal behavior of the DC / AC bidirectional converter(s) 5 and to cut off the current between the power supply network 14 and said DC / AC bidirectional converter(s) 5.

[0055] The second battery protection element(s) 22 may also be configured to detect abnormal behavior of the power supply network 14 and to cut off the current between the power supply network 14 and said one or more bidirectional DC / AC converters 5 before the one or more bidirectional DC / AC converters 5 are damaged.

[0056] The energy management and distribution system 1 may further comprise a control supervisor 8. The control supervisor 8 is configured to determine a connection configuration of the at least one energy storage unit 3 capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector 2 of the plurality of first connectors 2 and of the at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter 5 connected respectively to at least one second connector 4 of the plurality of second connectors 4. The determination of the ... connection corresponds to the determination of the first connector(s) 2 to which an energy storage unit 3 is connected and to the determination of the second connector(s) 4 to which a bidirectional DC / AC converter 5 is connected.

[0057] The connection configuration may be modified upon installation of the energy storage unit(s) 3 and / or the bidirectional DC / AC converter(s) 5.

[0058] The control supervisor is also configured to select at least one energy storage unit 3 connected respectively to at least one first connector 2 of the plurality of first connectors 2, and at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter 5 connected respectively to at least one second connector 4 of the plurality of second connectors 4.

[0059] Said at least one energy storage unit 3 and said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter 5 are selected according to power supply instructions coming from an external controller 9 of the battery energy storage system S.

[0060] Said at least one energy storage unit 3 and said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 are also selected either according to a state of each of said at least one energy storage unit 3 and a state of said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter, or according to a coupling (by the switching arrangement 6) which is desired by the operator between said at least one energy storage unit or energy source 3 and said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5.

[0061] A desired coupling corresponds to a coupling (between said at least one energy storage unit or energy source and said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter) implemented by the switching cells 7 of the switching arrangement 6 which corresponds to a coupling desired by the operator and not a coupling which depends on the state of each of said at least one energy storage unit 3 and the state of said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter. The desired coupling may correspond to a topology of the switching cells 7 of the switching arrangement 6.

[0062] The state of said at least one energy storage unit or energy source 3 may comprise: - a quantity of charge capable of being stored by said at least one energy storage unit 3 and - a voltage capable of being supplied by said at least one energy storage unit 3.

[0063] A signal representative of the amount of charge of an energy storage unit 3 and a signal representative of the voltage capable of being supplied by the storage unit energy 3 can be provided by the battery management system 23 of said energy storage unit 3.

[0064] The state of each of said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 may comprise at least one respective operating state of said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5.

[0065] Advantageously, the control supervisor 8 can be configured to select at least one energy storage unit 3 capable of storing a non-zero quantity of charge and capable of providing a voltage greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage. Furthermore, the control supervisor 8 can be configured to exploit said at least one selected energy storage unit 3.

[0066] The control supervisor 8 can be connected to the external controller 9 via an Ethernet type link 25. Similarly, the external controller can be connected to the power supply network 14 via an Ethernet type link 24.

[0067] The external controller 9 can receive signals from the electrical power supply network 14 representing instructions. These instructions can correspond to a request for the supply of electrical energy from the electrical power supply network 14 or a proposal for the supply of electrical energy from the electrical power supply network 14. The external controller 9 translates this instruction into a command which is then transmitted to the control supervisor 8. If the instruction corresponds to a request for the supply of electrical energy, the command requires the battery energy storage system S to supply electrical energy to the electrical power supply network 14. If the instruction corresponds to a proposal for the supply of electrical energy, the command requires the battery energy storage system S to receive electrical energy from the electrical power supply network 14.

[0068] In the automatic mode (according to the second variant), the control supervisor 8 is configured to request the at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source 3 connected respectively to at least one first connector 2 and the at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 connected respectively to at least one second connector 4. The control supervisor 8 is further configured to control the switching cells 7 of the switching arrangement 6 in order to couple only said at least one requested energy storage unit or energy source 3 to said at least one requested DC / AC bidirectional converter 5. The term "request" means "implement" or in other words "use". In the automatic mode, the switching cells 7 are connected to the control supervisor 8 by a link 15 which is configured to transmit control signals from the control supervisor 8 to the switching cells 7. The link 15 may correspond to a wired link or a wireless link.

[0069] In the manual mode (according to the first variant), the energy management and distribution system 1 may further comprise a human-machine interface 10 configured to manually control by the operator the switching cells 7 of the switching arrangement 6, in order to couple only said at least one energy storage unit 3 selected (by the control supervisor 8) to said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 selected (by the control supervisor 8), depending on said at least one energy storage unit 3 selected and said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 selected.

[0070] The human-machine interface 10 may comprise: - a first display device 11, - a control panel 12, - a second display device 13.

[0071] The first display device 11 is configured to indicate to the operator said at least one energy storage unit 3 selected by the control supervisor 8 and said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 selected by the control supervisor 8. The human-machine interface 10 is therefore connected to the control supervisor 8. The control supervisor 8 is thus capable of transmitting to the human-machine interface 10 a signal representative of said at least one energy storage unit 3 selected and of said at least one DC / AC bidirectional converter 5 selected so that the first display device 11 displays them for the operator.

[0072] The control panel 12 is configured so that the operator manually controls the switching cells 7 of the switching arrangement 6.

[0073] Thus, the operator can manually control the switching cells 7 in order to connect said at least one selected energy storage unit 3 and said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter 5.

[0074] The second display device 13 is configured to signal to the operator a control error if at least one switching cell 7 of the switching arrangement has been incorrectly controlled by the operator.

[0075] Furthermore, the control supervisor 8 can be configured to detect the control error(s). In the case where the control supervisor 8 detects a control error, the control supervisor 8 transmits to the human-machine interface 10 a signal representative of the switching cell 7 which has been controlled incorrectly. The reception of this signal by the human-machine interface 10 results in a reporting this erroneous command on the second display device 13. In addition, the control supervisor can be configured to compare the number of energy storage units 3 likely to be used with the number of DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 likely to be used. If the number of energy storage units 3 likely to be used is greater than or equal to the number of DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 likely to be used, the control supervisor 8 transmits to the human-machine interface 10 a signal representative of a control error by the operator.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the second display device 13 may comprise a screen indicating the switching cell(s) 7 that have been commanded incorrectly. According to another embodiment, the second display device 13 may also comprise a matrix of light-emitting diodes. Each of these light-emitting diodes may be associated with a switching cell 7. For example, the light-emitting diode(s) that emit a light signal correspond to the light-emitting diode(s) associated with the switching cell(s) 7 that have been commanded incorrectly by the operator.

[0077] Each of the switching cells 7 may comprise current blocking or passage elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B. These blocking or passage elements are reversible in their direction of blocking or passage of the current. In the manual mode, the control panel 12 of the human-machine interface 10 is configured to be able to manually control by the operator the current blocking or passage elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B to block or authorize the passage of the current in one direction or the other direction in said current blocking or passage elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B. In the automatic mode, it is the control supervisor 8 which can control the blocking or current passage elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B to block or authorize the passage of current in one direction or the other direction in said blocking or current passage elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B.

[0078] In the second embodiment, each of the current blocking or passing elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B comprises an active switch. [Fig.8] represents the first embodiment of the switching cells 7 in the manual mode.

[0079] [Fig.9] represents the second embodiment of the switching cells 7 in the automatic mode.

[0080] As a non-limiting example, the active switch is of the MOSFET type.

[0081] In the first embodiment, the current blocking or passing elements 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B comprise a first diode 8A, a first switch 9A, a second diode 8B and a second switch 9B. The first diode 8A is connected in parallel to the first switch 9A. The second diode 8B is connected in parallel with the second switch 9B. The first diode 8A and the second diode 8B are connected in series and head to tail with respect to each other. Each of said switches 9A and 9B is configured to be switched individually and manually by the operator to the open position or to the closed position.

[0082] For each of the switching cells 7, the first switch 9A and the second switch 9B make it possible to short-circuit the first diode 8A and the second diode 8B, respectively. The diodes 8A and 8B connected in series head to tail make it possible to prevent the current from going in one direction or the other when all the switches 9A and 9B are open.

[0083] For example, in [Fig.2], the first switch 9A and the second switch 9B of each of the switching cells 7 are open. Each of the switching cells 7 therefore blocks the passage of current between the energy storage units or energy source 3 and the bidirectional DC / AC converters 5.

[0084] [Fig. 3] represents a switching cell 7 in a passing configuration in a first current direction SI, in particular from a bidirectional DC / AC converter 5 to an energy storage unit 3. The arrow SI indicates the current direction in this configuration. In this configuration, the first switch 9A is in the closed position and the second switch 9B is in the open position.

[0085] [Fig.4] represents a switching cell 7 in a passing configuration in a second current direction S2, opposite to the second direction SI, in particular from an energy storage unit 3 to a bidirectional DC / AC converter 5. The arrow S2 indicates the current direction in this configuration. In this configuration, the first switch 9A is in the open position and the second switch 9B is in the closed position.

[0086] By way of non-limiting example, the first switch 9A and / or the second switch 9B are of the IGBT type.

[0087] In the first embodiment, the energy management and distribution system 1 can operate differently depending on whether the electrical power supply network 14 transmits to the external controller 9 a request for the supply of electrical energy or a proposal for the supply of electrical energy.

[0088] In the case where the electrical power supply network 14 is a consumer of electrical energy, the external controller 9 receives an instruction from the electrical power supply network 14 corresponding to a request for the supply of electrical energy. The external controller 9 then transmits to the control supervisor 8 a command requesting the battery energy storage system S to supply electrical energy to the electrical power supply network 14.

[0089] The control supervisor 8 then selects at least one energy storage unit 3 and at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter 5.

[0090] The energy storage unit(s) 3 selected by the control supervisor 8 are capable of providing a voltage greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage. The selected DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 correspond to DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 in working order.

[0091] The control supervisor 8 then transmits to the human-machine interface 10 a signal representative of the selected energy storage unit(s) 3 and the at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter 5. The first display device 11 then indicates to the operator the selected energy storage unit(s) 3 and the at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter 5.

[0092] In the manual mode, the operator then manipulates the control panel 12 by switching the switching cells 7 according to the indications of the first display device 11. The second display device 13 indicates to the operator the erroneous switchings. If switchings are erroneous, the operator has the possibility of correcting them by modifying the switchings of the switching cells 7.

[0093] [Fig.5] illustrates an example of configuration of the switching arrangement 6 in the case where the electrical supply network 14 is a consumer of electrical energy.

[0094] In this example, the control supervisor 8 has selected the energy storage unit or energy source 3A and the bidirectional DC / AC converters 5A and 5C. The operator can then manipulate the switching cells 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E and 7F.

[0095] In this example, the operator opened the first switch 9A and the second switch 9B of the switching cells 7B, 7C, 7D and 7F. In addition, he opened the first switch 9A and closed the second switch 9B of the switching cells 7A and 7E.

[0096] In the automatic mode, the control supervisor 8 controls the switching of the switching cells 7. [Fig.7] illustrates an example of configuration of the switching arrangement 6 in the case where the electrical supply network 14 is a consumer of electrical energy following the switching controlled by the control supervisor 8.

[0097] In the case where the electrical power supply network 14 is a supplier of electrical energy, the external controller 9 receives an instruction from the electrical power supply network 14 corresponding to a proposal to supply electrical energy. The external controller 9 then transmits to the control supervisor 8 a command requesting the battery energy storage system S to receive electrical energy from the electrical power supply network 14.

[0098] The control supervisor 8 then selects at least one energy storage unit 3 and at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter 5.

[0099] The energy storage unit(s) 3 selected by the control supervisor 8 are capable of storing a non-zero amount of charge. The selected DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 correspond to DC / AC bidirectional converters 5 in working order.

[0100] In the manual mode, the control supervisor 8 then transmits to the human-machine interface 10 a signal representative of the selected energy storage unit(s) 3 and the at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter 5. The first display device 11 then indicates to the operator the selected energy storage unit(s) 3 and the at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter 5.

[0101] The operator then manipulates the control panel 12 by switching the switching cells 7 according to the indications of the first display device 11. The second display device 13 indicates to the operator the erroneous switchings. If switchings are erroneous, the operator has the possibility of correcting them by modifying the switchings.

[0102] [Fig.6] illustrates an example of configuration of the switching arrangement 6 in the case where the electrical supply network 14 is a supplier of electrical energy.

[0103] In this example, the control supervisor 8 has selected the energy storage unit or energy source 3A and the bidirectional DC / AC converters 5A and 5C. The operator can then manipulate the switching cells 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E and 7F.

[0104] In this example, the operator opened the first switch 9A and the second switch 9B of the switching cells 7B, 7C, 7D and 7F. In addition, he closed the first switch 9A and opened the second switch 9B of the switching cells 7A and 7E.

[0105] In the automatic mode, the control supervisor 8 controls the switching of the switching cells 7.

[0106] The invention has numerous advantages.

[0107] It makes it possible to interface energy storage units 3, such as batteries, with at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter. This choice is made in order to favor the reuse of reversible chargers from automotive applications of the V2G vehicle-to-grid type, dimensioned to operate over a standard voltage range while taking advantage of the power potential of the batteries which can, for certain variants, store and deliver a current level higher than the nominal current of the charger.

[0108] The invention also makes it possible to respond to topologies with different power / energy needs. Depending on the applications, the need may be different from one installation to another but also change within the same installation because the The energy balance will have changed. Examples of applications include adding a renewable energy source or additional consumers. Reconfiguring the interface between batteries and chargers allows for performance to be adjusted based on current needs.

[0109] In addition, the invention makes it possible to manage a variety of electric vehicle batteries or bidirectional (or reversible) DC / AC chargers or converters. The reuse of batteries and chargers developed for automobiles as well as their control software has the advantage of being able to interface them, even when they do not come from the same applications. The use of a CAN communication standard and also a power connector contribute greatly to this heterogeneity management.

[0110] The invention also makes it possible to maintain a certain level of performance even during the failure of a battery or a charger. Reconfiguring the interface makes it possible in certain cases to mitigate the loss of performance by limiting the impact either to a drop in the maximum power of the system in the case of a fault on the charger side or to a drop in the maximum capacity of the system in the case of a fault on the battery side. Thus, the simultaneous loss of performance is not systematic.

[0111] The invention also makes it possible to benefit from an upgrade (scalability) in power and / or energy at any time during the life cycle of the system. This results in an addition of a charger and / or change of battery.

Claims

Claims

1. Energy management and distribution system (1) for battery energy storage system (S), characterized in that it comprises: - a plurality of first connectors (2) each intended to connect an energy storage unit or an energy source (3); - a plurality of second connectors (4) each intended to connect a bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) capable of being connected to an electrical supply network (14); - a switching arrangement (6) connected between the plurality of first connectors (2) and the plurality of second connectors (4), the switching arrangement (6) comprising switching cells (7), the switching arrangement (6) being configured to be able to individually couple and decouple using the switching cells (7) each first connector (2) of the plurality of first connectors (2) to and from each second connector (4) of the plurality of second connectors (4), the switching arrangement (6) being further configured to couple a number of DC / AC bidirectional converters (5) greater than or equal to a number of energy storage units or energy source (3).

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a control supervisor (8) configured to determine a connection configuration of the at least one energy storage unit (3) capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector (2) of the plurality of first connectors (2) and of the at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) connected respectively to at least one second connector (4) of the plurality of second connectors (4), the control supervisor (8) is further configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector (2) of the plurality of first connectors (2) and of the at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) connected respectively to at least one second connector (4) of the plurality of second connectors (4), the control supervisor (8) is further configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector (2) of the plurality of second connectors (2 ... second connectors (2), the control supervisor (8) is further configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector (2) of the plurality of second connectors (2), the control supervisor (8) is further configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) capable of being connected respectively to at least one first connector (2) of the plurality of second connectors (2), the control supervisor (8) is connector (2) of the plurality of first connectors (2) and to at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) capable of being connected respectively to at least one second connector (4) of the plurality of second connectors (4), said at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) and said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) being selected: - according to power supply instructions from an external controller (9) and - either according to a state of each of said at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) and a state of each of said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5), or according to a desired coupling between said at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) and said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5).

3. System according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the control supervisor (8) is configured to request the at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) selected and connected respectively to at least one first connector (2) and the at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) selected and connected respectively to at least one second connector (4), the control supervisor (8) is further configured to control the switching cells (7) of the switching arrangement (6) in order to couple only said at least one requested energy storage unit or energy source (3) to said at least one requested bidirectional DC / AC converter (5).

4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a human-machine interface (10) configured to manually control by the operator the switching cells (7) of the switching arrangement (6) in order to couple only said at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source (3) to said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter (5) as a function of said at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source (3) and said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter (5) selected.

5. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the human-machine interface (10) comprises: - a first display device (11) configured to indicate to the operator said at least one selected energy storage unit or energy source (3) and said at least one selected DC / AC bidirectional converter (5), - a control panel (12) configured to manually control by the operator the switching cells (7) of the switching arrangement (6), - a second display device (13) configured to signal to the operator a control error if at least one switching cell (7) of the switching arrangement has been incorrectly controlled by the operator.

6. System according to one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that the state of said at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) comprises: - a quantity of charge capable of being stored by said at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) and - a voltage capable of being supplied by said at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3), the state of each of said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5) comprising at least one operating state of said at least one bidirectional DC / AC converter (5).

7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control supervisor (8) is configured to select at least one energy storage unit or energy source (3) capable of storing a non-zero quantity of charge and capable of providing a voltage greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage.

8. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each switching cell (7) comprises blocking or current passage elements (8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, 8C), re- reversible in their direction of blocking or current flow.

9. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each of the current blocking or passage elements (8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, 8C) comprises an active switch (8C).

10. System (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the active switch is of the MOSFET type.

11. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the current blocking or passing elements (8A, 8B, 9A, 9B) comprise a first diode (8A), a first switch (9A), a second diode (8B) and a second switch (9B), the first diode (8A) being connected in parallel to the first switch (9A), the second diode (8B) being connected in parallel to the second switch (9B), the first diode (8A) and the second diode (8B) being connected in series and head to tail with respect to each other, each of said switches (9A, 9B) being configured to be switched individually to the open or closed position.

12. System (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the first switch (9A) and the second switch (9B) are of the IGBT type.

13. System (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that each of said at least first connectors (2) comprises a first battery protection element (21).

14. System according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the energy storage unit(s) (3) each correspond to a battery from a motor vehicle.

15. System according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the bidirectional DC / AC converter(s) (5) each correspond to a bidirectional DC / AC converter from a motor vehicle.

16. System (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises at least one second protection element (22) connected between the DC / AC bidirectional converter(s) (5) and the electrical supply network (14).

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