Heat exchanger with alternating channels between two fluids

Abstract

Heat exchanger with alternating channels between two fluids The invention relates to a heat exchanger (100), in particular for a vehicle, comprising a first set (1) of channels (11) configured to circulate a first fluid in a flow direction (YY) and a second set (2) of channels (21) configured to circulate a second fluid in the flow direction (YY), the channels (11, 21) of the first and second sets (1, 2) being positioned alternately in an alternating direction (XX) different from the flow direction (YY) of the first and second fluids, characterized in that the channels (11, 21) are integral with each other at least in said alternating direction (XX), and in that a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the first fluid of the channels (11) of the first set (1) is different from a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the second fluid of the channels (21) of the second set (2). Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: Heat exchanger with alternating channels between two fluids Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to heat exchangers suitable in particular for vehicles. More specifically, the present invention relates to the distribution of fluids for these heat exchangers.

[0002] The vehicle can be land, sea or air. Prior art

[0003] Generally speaking, electric vehicles require an on-board thermal management system incorporating, for example, a heat pump, coolant distributors, a battery cooling loop, etc.

[0004] There is a need to ensure an optimal temperature at the battery cells, in particular during a period of rapid charging of the battery, or with a view to improving the autonomy of the electric vehicle at particular ambient temperatures, for example at cold temperatures.

[0005] There is also a need to reduce the pressure losses that occur in the thermal management system, thereby reducing the power consumption of the thermal management system.

[0006] The invention aims to correct at least partially the drawbacks of the state of the art. Statement of the invention

[0007] The invention thus relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a vehicle, comprising a first set of channels configured to circulate a first fluid in a flow direction and a second set of channels configured to circulate a second fluid in the flow direction, the channels of the first and second sets being positioned alternately in an alternating direction different from the flow direction of the first and second fluids, characterized in that the channels are integral with each other at least in said alternating direction, and in that a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the first fluid of the channels of the first set is different from a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the second fluid of the channels of the second set.

[0008] By alternation is meant a repeated succession, in one direction, of a pattern comprising one or more channels of the second set placed between one or more channels of the first set. It is understood that the number of alternating channels may vary in said direction.

[0009] The sum of the cross-sections of the passage of a fluid in the channels is understood to mean the addition of all the passage sections of the channels of the same fluid in the alternating direction. The passage sections of the channels are to be understood as from a sectional view, the surface of the channels of the section plane.

[0010] By material coming, it is meant that the channels of the same direction configured for the first and second fluids are in one piece. These channels of the same direction are for example produced by extrusion or by addition of material.

[0011] According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchanger comprises means for distributing and collecting the first and second fluids, said distribution and collection means having a main distribution and collection direction perpendicular to the alternating direction.

[0012] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution means of the first set and the second set are on the same side of the exchanger.

[0013] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution means of the first set and the second set are positioned one behind the other in the direction of flow of the first or second fluid.

[0014] According to one aspect of the invention, the collection means of the first set and the second set are on the same side of the exchanger, a side of the exchanger different from that where the distribution means of the first set and the second set are positioned.

[0015] According to one aspect of the invention, the collection means of the first set and the second set are positioned one behind the other in the direction of flow of the first or second fluid.

[0016] According to one aspect of the invention and alternatively, the distribution means of the first set and the collection means of the second set are on the same side of the exchanger.

[0017] According to one aspect of the invention, the collection means of the first set and the distribution means of the second set are on the same side of the exchanger, a side of the exchanger different from that where the distribution means of the first set and the collection means of the second set are positioned.

[0018] According to one aspect of the invention, each fluid passage cross-section of the first set is greater than a fluid passage cross-section of the second set.

[0019] According to one aspect of the invention and alternatively, each fluid passage cross-section of the first set and the second set are identical, the number of channels of the first set being different from the number of channels of the second set.

[0020] According to one aspect of the invention, the channels of the first and second sets are positioned alternately in the main distribution and collection direction.

[0021] According to one aspect of the invention, the alternating direction and the main distribution and collection direction are, for example, a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. The term horizontal direction is understood to mean a direction which extends across the width of the heat exchanger. The term vertical direction is understood to mean a direction which extends across the thickness of the heat exchanger.

[0022] According to one aspect of the invention, the channels of the first and second sets are integral with each other in the alternating direction and in the main distribution and collection direction.

[0023] According to one aspect of the invention and according to an alternative, the channels of the first and second sets are made of one material between them only in a single direction, the alternating direction. It is thus understood that the heat exchanger comprises a stack of tubes, said tubes being the first and second sets of channels made of one material between them. These tubes extend mainly in a plane formed by the alternating direction and the flow direction of the first and second fluids. The stacking of said tubes is therefore done according to the main distribution and collection direction.

[0024] According to one aspect of the invention, in the main distribution and collection direction, the tubes are arranged against each other without space between them. This arrangement of the tubes allows a heat exchanger between the tubes by conduction.

[0025] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution and collection means supplying the first assembly with the first fluid have a larger fluid passage section than the distribution and collection means supplying the second assembly with the second fluid.

[0026] According to one aspect of the invention, each collector comprises a fluid connection allowing the first or second fluid to be conveyed to or away from the heat exchanger.

[0027] According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchanger comprises two fluidic blocks, each fluidic block comprising two fluidic connections.

[0028] According to one aspect of the invention, the two fluidic blocks are placed on the same side of the heat exchanger. This same side of the heat exchanger being one of the sides of the exchanger according to the main distribution and collection direction.

[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchanger comprises at least one separator configured to separate the first and / or second fluid in several passes.

[0030] According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchanger is an internal heat exchanger, the first fluid and the second fluid being the same fluid in different states, for example pressure. In such an application, the channels of the first set are those configured for a lower pressure than the channels of the second set.

[0031] According to one aspect of the invention and according to an embodiment of the invention, the channels of the first set are of the same length as the channels of the second set.

[0032] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution and collection means of the first and second sets comprise a plurality of orifices passing transversely through a plurality of channels of the first or second set.

[0033] Thanks to the plurality of through orifices, the heat exchanger has greater compactness compared to an exchanger whose distribution or collection means are placed on the sides because here, by the plurality of orifices acting as a collector, the plurality of orifices is located within the volume formed by the channels and therefore does not add any additional total volume to the exchanger.

[0034] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution and collection means of the first and second sets comprise at least one through-orifice per channel. It is for example possible to have for each channel of the first and second set and for each collector one, two or three through-orifices. The number of orifices per channel may be different between the first set and the second set.

[0035] According to one aspect of the invention, the orifices have the same width as the channels crossed by the first or second sets. By width is meant a dimension extending in the alternating direction.

[0036] According to one aspect of the invention, the orifices have a length greater than the width of the channels, preferably three times greater than the width of the channels. By length is meant a dimension extending in the direction of flow of the first and second fluids.

[0037] According to one aspect of the invention, the orifices of the same set are aligned in the alternating direction. The orifices of the two sets may be arranged in the same alignment or may be arranged in two separate alignments, for example with the orifices of the second set placed at a greater distance from one end of the channels than the orifices of the first set.

[0038] According to one aspect of the invention, the orifices may have a rectilinear, circular or oblong section.

[0039] According to one aspect of the invention, the heat exchanger comprises at least one plate for closing the orifices, preferably two closing plates, configured to close one side of the orifices, said side being opposite the fluidic blocks.

[0040] According to one aspect of the invention, the plurality of orifices is produced by drilling the tubes. It is possible during drilling not to pass through the entire stack of tubes so as to leave the orifices of the last tube of the stack non-through.

[0041] According to one aspect of the invention and alternatively, the heat exchanger does not include a closure plate configured to close one side of the orifices. Indeed, this is possible when the heat exchanger is produced in particular by additive manufacturing, the plurality of orifices then being non-through relative to the channels placed at one end of the exchanger according to the main distribution and collection direction. The channels of the first and second sets may be blind at their two ends. When the heat exchanger is produced in particular by additive manufacturing, the channels may directly be manufactured blind, that is to say comprising plugs made in one piece with the channels.

[0042] According to one aspect of the invention, the channels of the first and second sets are closed at their two ends by lateral closing plates.

[0043] According to one aspect of the invention, the at least one distribution or collection closure plate and one of the side closure plates are the same plate. It is thus understood that the plate is an angled plate making it possible to partially cover two contiguous sides of the heat exchanger.

[0044] According to one aspect of the invention and alternatively, the ends of the tubes are deformed so as to obstruct the channels in the direction of flow of the first and second fluids. The deformation may be, for example, a crushing of the ends of the tubes.

[0045] According to one aspect of the invention and alternatively, the ends of the tubes may be blocked by adding material. For example, the ends of the tubes may be dipped in brazing material.

[0046] According to one aspect of the invention, the fluidic blocks can be directly brazed or welded onto the heat exchanger.

[0047] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution orifices of the first and / or second sets may extend only over a portion of the channels along the main distribution and collection direction. In other words, the plurality of orifices pass transversely, i.e. in the main distribution and collection direction, only a portion of the channels of the first or second set. The heat exchanger then comprises intermediate conduits configured to fluidically connect the distribution orifices with the collection orifices. The number of intermediate conduits defines the number of passes. Thus, with one intermediate conduit for one of the first or second fluids, this allows two passes, while two intermediate conduits for one of the first or second fluids allows three passes. One intermediate conduit is therefore required per additional pass.The at least one separator described above therefore corresponds in this embodiment to a channel wall without a through orifice. The intermediate conduit(s) have characteristics similar to the through orifices.

[0048] According to one aspect of the invention, the fluidic blocks comprise for each of them means of fixing to the stack of tubes. These fixing means are in particular configured to hold the tubes of the stack together. This has the advantage of having the tubes held in position before a step of brazing the tubes. These fixing means can be fixing lugs which extend on either side of the stack of tubes in the main direction of distribution and collection, from the communication blocks. These fixing lugs can for example crimp the stack of tubes so as to fix the tubes together without the need for a step of brazing the tubes.

[0049] According to one aspect of the invention and according to another embodiment of the invention, the distribution and collection means comprise distribution and collection collectors.

[0050] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution and collection manifolds of the first set are arranged between the distribution and collection manifolds of the second set. It is understood that all the manifolds of the heat exchanger are aligned along the main direction of elongation of the channels.

[0051] According to one aspect of the invention, the channels of the first set are shorter than the channels of the second set, the channels of the second set extend into the distribution manifold and into the collection manifold of the first set without fluid connection.

[0052] According to one aspect of the invention, each of the distribution and collection collectors of the second set is a single-piece box.

[0053] According to one aspect of the invention, each of the distribution and collection manifolds of the first set is partially formed by a wall of a distribution or collection manifold of the second set.

[0054] According to one aspect of the invention, at least one of the collectors may comprise reinforcing ribs.

[0055] According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution and / or collection manifolds of the first and / or second sets may comprise at least one separator configured to divide the fluid passage into a plurality of passes. These separators divide the distribution and / or collection manifolds and form one or more intermediate manifolds configured to fluidically connect the distribution manifolds with the collection manifolds. The number of intermediate manifolds defines the number of passes. Thus, with one intermediate manifold for one of the first or second fluids, it is possible to have two passes, while two intermediate manifolds for one of the first or second fluids allows three passes. One intermediate manifold is therefore required per additional pass.

[0056] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger as described above, said method comprising the following step: • achieve, at least in the alternating direction, a continuity of material between the first and second sets of channels by an extrusion process or by a material addition process. By material addition, we mean three-dimensional printing processes or otherwise referred to as additive manufacturing. Brief description of the drawings

[0057] Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description given below for information purposes in relation to drawings in which: • [Fig.l] is an overall schematic view of a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the invention; • [Fig.2] is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger heat according to a variant of the embodiment of [Fig.l]; • [Fig.3] is an overall schematic view of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention; • [Fig.4] is a schematic view of the heat exchanger of [Fig.3] with a concealed fluidic block to view the channels of the first set and second set as well as the distribution and collection means on one side of the heat exchanger; • [Fig.5] is a schematic view of a variant of the heat exchanger of [Fig.3] and 4 with the same elements hidden as [Fig.4]; • [Fig.6] is a schematic longitudinal section of a variant of the heat exchanger of Figures 3 to 5; • [Fig.7] is a schematic view of a variant of the heat exchanger of the Figures 3 to 6.

[0058] It should first be noted that although the figures set out the invention in detail for its implementation, these figures can of course be used to better define the invention where appropriate. It should also be noted that these figures only set out a few examples of embodiments of the invention. Detailed description

[0059] [Fig.l] illustrates a heat exchanger 100, in particular for a vehicle, comprising a first set 1 of channels 11 configured to circulate a first fluid in a flow direction YY and a second set 2 of channels 21 configured to circulate a second fluid in the flow direction YY, the channels 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 being positioned alternately in an alternating direction XX different from the flow direction YY of the first and second fluids, characterized in that the channels 11, 21 have come from material between them at least in said alternating direction XX, and in that a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the first fluid of the channels 11 of the first set 1 is different from a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the second fluid of the channels 21 of the second set 2.

[0060] Figures 2, 4 to 7 clearly show the two sets 1, 2 of channels 11, 21.

[0061] The heat exchanger 100 comprises means 3 for distributing and collecting 4 the first and second fluids, said means 3, 4 having a main distribution and collection direction ZZ perpendicular to the alternating direction XX.

[0062] The distribution means 3 of the first set 1 and of the second set 2 may be on the same side of the exchanger 100. The distribution means 3 of the first set 1 and of the second set 2 are positioned one behind the other in the direction YY of flow of the first or second fluid.

[0063] The collection means 4 of the first set 1 and of the second set 2 are then on the same side of the exchanger 100, a side of the exchanger 100 different from that where the distribution means 3 of the first set 1 and of the second set 2 are positioned.

[0064] The collection means 4 of the first set 1 and of the second set 2 are positioned one behind the other in the direction YY of flow of the first or second fluid.

[0065] Alternatively, the distribution means 3 of the first set 1 and the collection means 4 of the second set 2 may be on the same side of the exchanger 100. The collection means 4 of the first set 1 and the distribution means 3 of the second set 2 are then on the same side of the exchanger 100, a side of the exchanger 100 different from that where the distribution means 3 of the first set 1 and the collection means 4 of the second set 2 are positioned.

[0066] As illustrated in the figures, each fluid passage cross-section of the first set 1 is greater than a fluid passage cross-section of the second set 2.

[0067] Alternatively and not illustrated, each fluid passage cross-section of the first set 1 and the second set 2 are identical, the number of channels 11 of the first set 1 being different from the number of channels 21 of the second set 2.

[0068] As visible in figures 2 to 4 and 6, the channels 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 are positioned alternately in the main distribution and collection direction ZZ.

[0069] Alternatively and as illustrated in Figures 5 and 7, the alternating direction XX and the main distribution and collection direction ZZ are, for example, a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. By horizontal direction is meant a direction which extends across the width of the heat exchanger 100. A vertical direction is understood to mean a direction which extends across the thickness of the heat exchanger 100.

[0070] As shown in [Fig.2] and according to a variant, the channels 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 are made of material between them in the alternating direction XX and in the main distribution and collection direction ZZ.

[0071] As shown in Figures 1 and 3 to 7 and according to another variant, the channels 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 are made of one material between them only in a single direction, the alternating direction XX. It is thus understood that the heat exchanger 100 comprises a stack of tubes 5, said tubes 5 being the first and second sets 1, 2 of channels made of one material between them. These tubes 5 extend mainly in a plane formed by the alternating direction XX and the flow direction YY of the first and second fluids. The stacking of said tubes 5 is therefore done along the main distribution and collection direction ZZ.

[0072] In the main distribution and collection direction ZZ, the tubes 5 are arranged against each other without space between them. This arrangement of the tubes 5 allows a heat exchanger between the tubes 5 by conduction.

[0073] The distribution and collection means 3, 4 supplying the first assembly 1 with the first fluid have a larger fluid passage section than the distribution and collection means 3, 4 supplying the second assembly 2 with the second fluid.

[0074] Each collector 3, 4 comprises a fluid connection 6 allowing the first or second fluid to be conveyed to or outside the heat exchanger 100.

[0075] The heat exchanger 100 comprises two fluidic blocks 7, each fluidic block 7 comprising two fluidic connections 6.

[0076] The two fluidic blocks 7 are placed on the same side of the heat exchanger 100. This same side of the heat exchanger 100 being one of the sides of the exchanger 100 along the main distribution and collection direction ZZ.

[0077] The heat exchanger 100 comprises at least one separator, not illustrated and configured to separate the first and / or second fluid into several passes.

[0078] The heat exchanger 100 is an internal heat exchanger, the first fluid and the second fluid being the same fluid in different states, for example pressure. In such an application, the channels 11 of the first set 1 are those configured for a lower pressure than the channels 21 of the second set 2.

[0079] A first embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. The channels (11) of the first set (1) are of the same length as the channels (21) of the second set (2).

[0080] The means 3, 4 for distributing and collecting the first and second sets 1, 2 comprise a plurality of orifices 8 passing transversely through a plurality of channels 11,21 of the first 1 or of the second set 2.

[0081] Thanks to the plurality of through orifices 8, the heat exchanger 100 has greater compactness compared to an exchanger whose distribution and collection orifices 8 are placed on the sides because here, by the plurality of orifices acting as a collector, the distribution and collection means are located within the volume formed by the channels and therefore do not add any additional total volume to the exchanger.

[0082] The means 3, 4 for distributing and collecting the first and second sets 1, 2 comprise at least one through-orifice per channel 11, 21. It is for example possible to have for each channel 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 and for each collector 3, 4 one, two or three through-orifices 8. The number of orifices 8 per channel 11, 21 may be different between the first set 1 and the second set 2.

[0083] The orifices 8 have the same width as the channels 11, 21 crossed by the first or second sets 1, 2. By width is meant a dimension extending in the alternating direction XX.

[0084] The orifices 8 may have a length greater than the width of the channels 11, 21, preferably three times greater than the width of the channels 11, 21. By length is meant a dimension extending in the direction YY of flow of the first and second fluids.

[0085] The orifices 8 of the same set 1, 2 are aligned along the alternating direction XX. The orifices 8 of the two sets 1, 2 may be arranged in the same alignment or may be arranged in two separate alignments, for example with the orifices 8 of the second set 2 placed at a greater distance from one end of the channels 11, 21 than the orifices 8 of the first set 1.

[0086] The orifices may have a rectilinear, circular or oblong section.

[0087] The heat exchanger 100 comprises at least one closing plate 9 for the orifices 8, preferably two closing plates 9, configured to close one side of the orifices 8, said side being opposite the fluidic blocks 7.

[0088] The plurality of orifices 8 can be produced by drilling the tubes 5. It is possible during drilling not to pass through the entire stack of tubes 5 so as to leave the orifices 8 of the last tube 5 of the stack non-passing.

[0089] Alternatively and as can be seen in [Fig.2], the heat exchanger 100 does not comprise a closure plate 9 configured to close one side of the orifices 8. Indeed, this is possible when the heat exchanger 100 is produced in particular by additive manufacturing, the plurality of orifices 8 then not passing through with respect to the channels 11, 21 placed at one end of the exchanger 100 along the main distribution and collection direction ZZ.

[0090] The channels 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 are blind at their two ends. When the heat exchanger 100 is produced in particular by additive manufacturing, the channels 11, 21 can be directly manufactured blind, that is to say comprising plugs made in one piece with the channels.

[0091] When, as an alternative to additive manufacturing, the channels 11, 21 are obtained for example by extrusion, then the channels 11, 21 of the first and second sets 1, 2 are closed at their two ends by lateral closing plates 10.

[0092] The at least one collector closure plate 9 and one of the side closure plates 10 are the same plate. It is thus understood that the plate is an angled plate making it possible to partially cover two contiguous sides of the heat exchanger 100.

[0093] Alternatively, the ends of the tubes 5 are deformed so as to obstruct the channels 11, 21 in the direction YY of flow of the first and second fluids. The deformation may be, for example, a crushing of the ends of the tubes 5.

[0094] According to one aspect of the invention and alternatively, the ends of the tubes 5 may be blocked by adding material. For example, the ends of the tubes 5 may be immersed in brazing material.

[0095] The fluidic blocks 7 can be directly brazed or welded onto the heat exchanger 100.

[0096] The distribution orifices 8 of the first and / or second sets 1, 2 may extend only over a portion of the channels 11, 21 along the main distribution and collection direction ZZ. In other words, the plurality of orifices 8 pass transversely, i.e. in the main distribution and collection direction ZZ, only a portion of the channels 11, 21 of the first 1 or of the second set 2. The heat exchanger 100 then comprises intermediate conduits configured to fluidically connect the distribution means 3 with the collection means 4. The number of intermediate conduits defines the number of passes. Thus, with one intermediate conduit for one of the first or second fluids, it is possible to have two passes, while two intermediate conduits for one of the first or second fluids allows three passes. Therefore, one intermediate conduit is required per additional pass.The at least one separator described above therefore corresponds in this embodiment to a channel wall without a through orifice 8. The intermediate conduit(s) have characteristics similar to the through orifices 8.

[0097] In a manner not illustrated in the figures, the fluidic blocks 7 comprise, for each of them, means for fixing to the stack of tubes 5. These fixing means are in particular configured to hold the tubes 5 of the stack together. This has the advantage of having the tubes 5 held in position before a step of brazing the tubes 5. These fixing means may be fixing lugs which extend on either side of the stack of tubes 5 in the main distribution and collection direction ZZ, from the communication blocks 7. These fixing lugs may for example crimp the stack of tubes 5 so as to fix the tubes 5 together without the need for a step of brazing the tubes 5.

[0098] A second embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figures 3 to 7. The distribution 3 and collection 4 means comprise distribution 81 and collection 82 collectors.

[0099] The distribution manifolds 81 and collection manifolds 82 of the first set 1 are arranged between the distribution manifolds 81 and collection manifolds 82 of the second set 2. It is understood that all the distribution manifolds 81 and collection manifolds 82 of the heat exchanger 100 are aligned along the main direction of elongation of the channels.

[0100] The channels 11 of the first set 1 are shorter than the channels 21 of the second set 2, the channels 21 of the second set 2 extend into the distribution manifold 81 and into the collection manifold 82 of the first set 1 without fluid connection.

[0101] As illustrated in Figures 3 to 5, each of the distribution manifolds 81 and collection manifolds 82 of the second set 2 is a single-piece box.

[0102] As illustrated in [Fig.6] and according to a variant, each of the distribution collectors 81 and collection collectors 82 of the first set 1 is partially formed by a wall of a distribution collector 81 or collection collector 82 of the second set 2.

[0103] At least one of the distribution manifolds 81 and collection manifolds 82 may comprise reinforcing ribs 41, visible in [Fig.7].

[0104] The distribution manifolds 81 and / or collection manifolds 82 of the first and / or second sets 1, 2 may comprise at least one separator, not illustrated, configured to divide the fluid passage into a plurality of passes. These separators divide the distribution manifolds 81 and / or collection manifolds 82 and form one or more intermediate manifolds configured to fluidically connect the distribution manifolds 81 with the collection manifolds 82. The number of intermediate manifolds defines the number of passes. Thus, with one intermediate manifold for one of the first or second fluids, it is possible to have two passes, while two intermediate manifolds for one of the first or second fluids allows three passes. One intermediate manifold is therefore required per additional pass.

[0105] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger 100 as described previously, said method comprising the following step: • producing, along at least the alternating direction XX, a continuity of material between the first and second sets 1, 2 of channels 11, 21 by a method extrusion or by a material addition process. By material addition, we mean three-dimensional printing processes or otherwise referred to as additive manufacturing.

Claims

Claims

1. Heat exchanger (100), in particular for a vehicle, comprising a first set (1) of channels (11) configured to circulate a first fluid in a flow direction (YY) and a second set (2) of channels (21) configured to circulate a second fluid in the flow direction (YY), the channels (11, 21) of the first and second sets (1, 2) being positioned alternately in a direction (XX) of alternation different from the direction (YY) of flow of the first and second fluids, characterized in that the channels (11, 21) are integral with each other at least in said direction (XX) of alternation, and in that a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the first fluid of the channels (11) of the first set (1) is different from a sum of the cross-sections of passage of the second fluid of the channels (21) of the second set (2).

2. Heat exchanger (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein said heat exchanger (100) comprises means for distributing (3) and collecting (4) the first and second fluids, said means (3, 4) having a main distribution and collection direction (ZZ) perpendicular to the alternation direction (XX).

3. A heat exchanger (100) according to any preceding claim, wherein each fluid passage cross-section of the first assembly (1) is greater than a fluid passage cross-section of the second assembly (2).

4. Heat exchanger (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each fluid passage cross-section of the first set (1) and the second set (2) are identical, the number of channels (11) of the first set (1) being different from the number of channels (21) of the second set (2).

5. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the channels (11, 21) of the first and second sets (1, 2) are integral with each other in the alternating direction (XX) and in the main distribution and collection direction (ZZ).

6. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the channels (11, 21) of the first and second sets (1, 2) are formed from one piece between them only in one direction, the alternating direction (XX).

7. Heat exchanger (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the distribution (3) and collection (4) means supplying the first assembly (1) with a first fluid have a larger fluid passage section than the distribution (3) and collection (4) means supplying the second assembly (2) with a second fluid.

8. A heat exchanger (100) according to any preceding claim, wherein the channels (11) of the first set (1) are those configured for a lower pressure than the channels (21) of the second set (2).

9. A heat exchanger (100) according to any preceding claim, wherein the channels (11) of the first set (1) are of the same length as the channels (21) of the second set (2).

10. Heat exchanger (100) according to the preceding claim, in which the distribution (3) and collection (4) means of the first and second sets (1, 2) comprise a plurality of orifices (8) transversely passing through a plurality of channels (11, 21) of the first (1) or of the second set (2).

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