Tank excitation system integrated into the cover for heating DASRIs

Abstract

Title: Excitation system of a tank integrated into the lid for heating DASRIs The invention relates to a waste trivialization apparatus (1) in particular DASRI comprising a tank (10) extending along a longitudinal central axis (z), intended to be supplied with waste (40) and comprising a lid (13), a grinding module (30) comprising a blade (31) arranged in the tank, a heating system (20) comprising at least one source module (21) configured to convey microwaves into the tank, characterized in that the at least one source module is positioned on the lid of the tank eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis (z). Figure for the abstract: Fig.2.

Description

Title of the invention: Tank excitation system integrated into the cover for heating DASRIs Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste trivialization and particularly the treatment of Infectious Risk Healthcare Waste (DASRI). The present invention relates in particular to a disinfection system allowing the trivialization of DASRI. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] There are waste trivialization systems for disinfecting waste placed in a tank. These systems include at least one microwave source module for heating the waste in a tank. For the trivialization of DASRI, existing systems are associated with a waste crushing system.

[0003] For the disinfection of DASRI, it is important to take into account the propagation of microwaves in the tank. Indeed, the classic principle of propagation is based on the propagation of waves by reflections on the metal walls of the tank. The successive reflections ensure a more or less homogeneous distribution over the entire surface of the product to be heated. In order to obtain efficient heating and thus optimal disinfection in duration, the ratio of the reflected power to the power emitted by the source module, also called the reflection coefficient, is preferably much lower than 1. The banalization system aims to maximize the power transmitted to the waste and to do this must limit the reflected power.

[0004] The source modules used in the field of DASRI trivialization are generally positioned on the side of the tank in a radial manner as illustrated in [Fig.lA],

[0005] The source modules generally comprise a microwave heating system. This system typically comprises a high voltage power supply, a microwave source magnetron enabling the generation of a power of 900W (Watt) to 3kW (kilowatt) and a transmission system ensuring the guidance of the waves, commonly called transition, towards an interface of the source module in contact with the side of the tank.

[0006] The positioning of the source module on the side of the tank allows diffusion with a high power transfer rate to the DASRI.

[0007] However, to use a power higher than those explained above, it is difficult to increase the power of the sources. Indeed, the cost of these sources increases with the desired power and would not allow a waste disposal system to be kept at reasonable prices. In addition to the cost, high-power sources are very rarely available. In addition, the grinding and agitation of the waste during heating deposits waste on the interface of the source module which is exposed to full microwave power. Thus, the interface deteriorates much more quickly, especially with an increase in microwave power.

[0008] An object of the present invention is therefore to propose an improved solution for a device for treating DASRI biological waste, in particular allowing an increase in the microwave power transmitted to the DASRI waste.

[0009] Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from a consideration of the following description and accompanying drawings. It is understood that other advantages may be incorporated. SUMMARY

[0010] To achieve this objective, according to a first aspect, there is provided a waste trivialization apparatus, in particular waste from healthcare activities with infectious risks, comprising a tank, extending along a longitudinal central axis intended to be supplied with waste and comprising a cover, a waste crushing module comprising a blade arranged in the tank, a system for heating the waste by microwaves for the purpose of disinfecting it, comprising at least one microwave source module configured to convey microwaves into the tank.

[0011] The waste trivialization system is configured such that the at least one source module is positioned on the lid of the tank eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis.

[0012] Thus, the reflected power is minimized and the disinfection of the waste is optimal. The positioning on the lid of the tank makes it possible to ensure that the direction of propagation of the microwaves is oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tank and not perpendicularly as presented in the prior art. This makes it possible to minimize reflections on the walls of the tank and thus allows the microwaves to interact more directly with the waste present in the tank and therefore improve disinfection. In addition, during the process of trivializing DASRI, disinfection occurs in parallel with the grinding of the waste. The latter leads to the dispersion of portions of waste which can land on the interface and thus limit the effectiveness of the disinfection.The position of the source module on the cover minimizes the number of projections that may be present on the interface, compared to a positioning of a source module on the side walls of the tank. The projected waste can in fact be detached more easily by the effect of gravity. In addition, even if there were to be projections present on the interface, . Accessibility of this interface on the cover is improved, allowing easy cleaning for system maintenance.

[0013] This solution makes it possible to increase the power transmitted to the waste, resulting in better disinfection. The eccentric position relative to the longitudinal central axis on which the tank extends makes it possible, according to studies carried out during the development of the invention, to reduce reflections as much as possible while allowing homogeneous diffusion of the microwaves in the tank. In addition, this positioning opens up the possibility of using several sources of optimized positioning to increase the transmitted power while limiting the reflected power.

[0014] In order to provide an improved solution for a biological waste treatment apparatus and increase the power transmitted to the waste, the person skilled in the art would rather turn to an apparatus in which the source module would be positioned laterally on the tank at the level of the DASRI, implying that the waste would come to stick to the interface during grinding as illustrated in [Fig.lB]. In addition, the source module would thus still be positioned on the side of the tank but at the level of the DASRI. The microwaves coming from the source, of the magnetron type for example, would propagate in a waveguide then in the tank via an interface thus allowing the disinfection of the waste by direct excitation of the product. However, according to this solution, the waste is then subjected to all the power on a small surface and thus quickly begins to combust, leading to potential destruction of the interface.Thus, this situation leads to a high risk of fire and to a mismatch of the circuit inducing an excess of reflected power on the one hand and a drop in incident power on the other hand.

[0015] Another aspect relates to a method for trivializing waste from infectious risk healthcare activities capable of implementing the waste trivialization apparatus according to the first aspect comprising: - an introduction into a tank of infectious risk healthcare waste, the tank extending along a longitudinal central axis (z), - a closure of a tank cover, - crushing of the waste by a crushing module comprising a blade placed in the tank, - disinfection of waste by a microwave heating system, comprising the routing of microwaves by at least one source module, through the cover of the tank and eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis of the tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0016] The aims, objects, as well as the characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge better than the detailed description of an embodiment thereof which is illustrated by the following accompanying drawings in which:

[0017] [Fig.lA] [Fig.lA] represents a DASRI trivialization system according to the prior art.

[0018] [Fig.lB] [Fig.lB] represents a deposit of DASRI on the interface of a DASRI trivialization system according to the prior art.

[0019] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] represents a DASRI trivialization system according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0020] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] represents a DASRI trivialization system according to a multi-source embodiment of the invention.

[0021] [Fig.4A] [Fig.4A] represents two source modules of a DASRI trivialization system, the waveguides of which are positioned parallel to each other.

[0022] [Fig.4B] [Fig.4B] represents two source modules of a DASRI trivialization system, the waveguides of which are positioned perpendicular to each other.

[0023] [Fig.5] [Fig.5] represents a DASRI trivialization system according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0024] [Fig.6A] Figures 6A to 10B represent the multi-source modes of possible embodiments of a DASRI trivialization system according to several embodiments of the invention.

[0025] [Fig.6B]

[0026] [Fig.7A]

[0027] [Fig.7B]

[0028] [Fig. 8 A]

[0029] [Fig.8B]

[0030] [Fig.9A]

[0031] [Fig.9B]

[0032] [Fig.10A]

[0033] [Fig.lOB]

[0034] [Fig. 11 A] Figures 11A to 1 IC represent the propagation of the normalized E field in 2D.

[0035] [Fig.llB]

[0036] [Fig.llC]

[0037] [Fig. 12A] Figures 12A and 12B represent possible multi-source configurations of a DASRI trivialization system, according to exemplary embodiments.

[0038] [Fig.l2B]

[0039] The drawings are given as examples and are not limiting of the invention. They constitute schematic representations of principle intended to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not necessarily on the scale of practical applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Before commencing a detailed review of embodiments of the invention, optional features are set out below which may optionally be used in combination or alternatively.

[0041] According to one example, the waste trivialization apparatus comprises a plurality of source modules. The multiplication of sources allows an increase in the transmitted power, where a single high power source is not accessible. A plurality of sources also ensures continuity of service of the machine in the event of failure of a source during the trivialization of waste.

[0042] According to one example, at least a portion of the source modules of the plurality of source modules, and preferably each source module, are each positioned eccentrically on the lid of the tank. The eccentric positioning of the sources on the lid results in better coupling between them and the waste while limiting the reflected power.

[0043] According to one example, the at least one source module, and preferably each source module, comprises a waveguide configured to route the microwaves into the tank.

[0044] Preferably, the waveguide is configured to route the microwaves into the tank in a direction parallel to the longitudinal central axis. Positioning in a direction parallel to the longitudinal central axis makes it possible to minimize unnecessary reflected waves while improving coupling. It may be provided that the waveguide is configured to route the microwaves into the tank in a direction oblique to the longitudinal central axis.

[0045] According to one example, the waste trivialization apparatus comprises at least three source modules.

[0046] According to one example, the waveguide of the at least one source module has an interface with the tank, this interface extending over its longest dimension in a main extension direction, and in which at least two adjacent interfaces of the plurality of source modules extend in main extension directions which, in projection onto the same plane, intersect.

[0047] According to one example, the main extension directions of the at least two adjacent interfaces define between them an intersection angle of between 45° and 120°. The positioning of the source modules relative to each other allows a homogeneous distribution of the reflections in the tank while limiting the coupling of the reflected waves which would disturb the sources and thus reduce the transfer of power to the DASRI.

[0048] According to one example, the apparatus has at least two source modules having their interfaces whose main extension directions are perpendicular to each other. This positioning is preferred to avoid maximum coupling between the sources. In addition, the resulting field between several sources would be limited to the interface.

[0049] According to one example, each source module of the plurality of source modules having an interface with the tank, and the cover having a center, said interfaces are arranged radially around the center of the cover according to an angular interval substantially equal to 360° / n, n being equal to the number of source modules of the plurality of source modules.

[0050] According to one example, the cover having a center, at least two source modules of the plurality of source modules are positioned on the cover so as to have a first distance greater than or equal to X, preferably greater than or equal to 2X between the center of the cover of the tank and the at least two source modules. The positioning of the at least two sources, eccentrically relative to the center of the tank and with an equal minimum distance on either side allows for homogeneity of the treatment while avoiding coupling between the generators.

[0051] According to one example, at least two source modules are positioned symmetrically relative to the center of the cover.

[0052] According to one example, and in particular when the apparatus comprises at least three source modules, at least two directly neighboring modules of the plurality of source modules are spaced apart by a distance D2 greater than X / 4, preferably greater than X / 2, preferably greater than X. Said at least two modules are preferably then not arranged on either side of the center of the cover, in a direction passing through the center of the cover. The positioning of the at least two sources, with a minimum distance between two directly neighboring sources, allows for homogeneity of the processing while avoiding coupling between the generators.

[0053] According to one example, the at least one source module is positioned at a distance D3 greater than or equal to X, preferably equal to 2X, relative to a wall of the tank, in projection onto a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis. The positioning of the at least one module relative to the wall of the tank is dimensioned to allow homogeneity of the disinfection treatment in the tank while limiting the risk of generating electric arcs.

[0054] According to one example, the interface of the at least one source module, and preferably each interface, extends in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal central direction. The positioning of the interfaces and therefore of the source modules on a cover substantially perpendicular to the z axis makes it possible to have a mul specificity of sources while minimizing reflections and without unwanted coupling phenomena.

[0055] According to one example, the cover having a center, the at least one source module is positioned on the cover of the tank so as to have a distance D1, between the center of the cover and the at least one module, this distance D1 being greater than or equal to X.

[0056] According to one example, the waste trivialization method may comprise introducing infectious risk healthcare waste into the tank, closing the tank lid, grinding the waste by the grinding module, disinfecting the waste by the microwave heating system, comprising the routing of microwaves by a plurality of source modules, through the tank lid and each positioned eccentrically on the tank lid. The use of several sources on the lid makes it possible to optimize the trivialization of the waste.

[0057] In the remainder of the description, the term "on" does not necessarily mean "directly on". Thus, when it is indicated that a part or member A is supported "on" a part or member B, this does not mean that the parts or members A and B are necessarily in direct contact with each other. These parts or members A and B may be either in direct contact or be supported on each other by means of one or more other parts. The same applies to other expressions such as, for example, the expression "A acts on B", which may mean "A acts directly on B" or "A acts on B by means of one or more other parts".

[0058] In the following detailed description, use may be made of terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inside", "outside". These terms must be interpreted relatively in relation to the normal position of the waste disposal apparatus and the normal position direction of use of the assembly. For example, the concept of "longitudinal" corresponds to the main extension direction (z) of the tank.

[0059] A reference will also be used whose rear / front direction corresponds to the x axis, the transverse or right / left direction corresponds to the y axis and the longitudinal or down / up direction corresponds to the z axis.

[0060] In the context of the invention, each wavelength value corresponds to the wavelength of a wave propagating freely in the air. A distance equal to X is therefore understood as a distance equal to the distance traveled in the air by a wave, between two maxima of the oscillation of the wave.

[0061] The present invention relates to a waste trivialization apparatus 1, in par particular for the trivialization of infectious risk healthcare waste, also called DASRI. A waste trivialization device 1 will now be described with reference to [Fig.2].

[0062] A waste trivialization apparatus 1 generally comprises a tank 10 which extends along a central longitudinal axis z and in which waste 40 can be placed. According to one example, the tank 10 extends longitudinally from a bottom 11 of the tank 10 along the z axis to a cover 13 and has a wall 12 of the tank 10. The tank 10 is preferably cylindrical. The tank 10 may be made of metal or any alloy compatible with the trivialization of waste. The trivialization comprises grinding and disinfecting the waste 40 present in the tank 10, and this at least partly simultaneously. An alloy compatible with the trivialization of waste is understood to mean any alloy allowing reflection of waves while limiting losses so as to disinfect the waste. The cover 13 preferably extends along a main extension plane (x,y) perpendicular to the z axis, and preferably horizontal. The cover 13 may be flat.Alternatively, it is possible to provide that the cover 13 is curved, and in particular convex above the tank 10.

[0063] In order to carry out the crushing of the waste 40, the general-purpose device 1 comprises a crushing module 30 associated with a blade 31. The crushing module 30 is configured to rotate the blade 31 along an axis of rotation and allow the crushing of the waste. The crushing module 30 and the blade 31 are preferably rigid enough to crush waste of various types, such as metal waste, fabrics, fluids or even plastic waste. The axis of rotation of the blade 31 is preferably positioned centered relative to the bottom 11 of the tank 10. According to one example, the axis of rotation of the blade 31 is parallel to, and preferably coincident with, the central longitudinal axis z. The grinding module 30 and the blade 31 can advantageously be positioned at the bottom 11 of the tank 10. The grinding module 30 is known from the prior art.

[0064] The trivialization device 1 also comprises a heating system 20. The heating system 20 allows the disinfection of the waste 40, and in particular by hyperfrequency electrothermal energy also called heating by dielectric losses.

[0065] To do this, the heating system 20 comprises at least one source module 21 which can be positioned on the tank 12. Preferably, the at least one source module 21 comprises a magnetron source 211 and an antenna 212 allowing the generation of microwaves.

[0066] The at least one source module 21 also comprises a waveguide 213 intended to guide the microwaves coming from the magnetron 211 and the antenna 212 to an interface 214 with the tank 12. A cross-section of the waveguide 213 may advantageously be parallel to its interface. A cross-section of the waveguide 213 may have the same dimensions as interface 214.

[0067] The interface 214 is preferably positioned at the junction between the tank 10 and the waveguide 213. The interface 214 thus provides sealing between the tank 10 and at least one source module 21. The interface 214 then makes it possible to limit, and preferably to avoid, damage to the components of the source module 21 by diffusion of steam due to the heating of the general-purpose device 1 or even the introduction of waste 40 into the waveguide 213. In addition, the interface 214 advantageously allows the microwaves coming from the magnetron source 211 to propagate into the tank 10 and thus allows the disinfection of the waste 40.

[0068] The at least one source module 21 is preferably connected to a power generator 22 in order to supply energy to the magnetron source 211.

[0069] According to an embodiment illustrated in [Fig.2], the heating system 20 is advantageously positioned at least in part on the cover 13 of the tank 10.

[0070] The at least one source module 21 can then extend parallel to the central longitudinal axis z on the cover 13. Preferably, the waveguide 213 extends parallel to the central longitudinal axis z on the cover 13. The interface 214 can thus be positioned on a plane substantially parallel, and preferably coincident, with the plane of the cover 13 of the tank 10, for example the horizontal plane (x, y). In the following, it is considered, without limitation and unless otherwise stated, that the cover 13 extends in the horizontal plane (x, y). As explained previously, since the grinding and disinfection are carried out simultaneously, the position of the interface 214 of the at least one module 21 on a non-vertical plane, and more particularly on a plane (x, y) parallel to the plane of the cover 13, makes it possible to greatly reduce the risk of deterioration of the interface 214.Indeed, there is less waste 40 which comes to strike the cover 13 of the trivialization apparatus 1 during the grinding or agitation phase (only punctual impacts) and allows, by its arrangement, a better cleaning between the cycles. Preferably, the interface 214 extends over its longest dimension in a main direction of extension in a plane (x,y) substantially parallel, and preferably merged with the plane of the cover 13. For example, the main direction of extension can correspond to the length of a rectangle formed by the interface 214. The interface 214 can extend in a plane (x,y) substantially parallel, and preferably merged with the plane (x,y) of the cover 13.

[0071] According to this same embodiment, the interface 214 also called sealing window, allows the diffusion of microwaves from the at least one source module 21 towards the interior of the tank 10. The microwaves then have a propagation direction oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction z of the tank 10. Thus, thanks to the positioning on the cover 13 of the tank 10, the at least one source module 21 will emit an incident wave illustrated in [Fig.3]) which will preferably propagate directly towards the waste 40 present in the tank 10 thus promoting the disinfection of the waste 40.

[0072] According to one example, a part of the incident wave will be directly absorbed by the waste 40 and another part may be reflected Wr (as for example illustrated in [Fig.3]). The direction of propagation of the incident wave preferably makes it possible to directly heat the waste 40 and thus makes it possible to obtain an optimal coupling factor and therefore a low reflection coefficient.

[0073] According to one example, the reflected wave Wr may come from the reflection of the incident wave with the bottom 11 of the tank 10. According to one example, the reflected wave Wr may also come from the reflection of the incident wave with the blade 31. The reflections may be desirable in order to obtain homogeneous disinfection, however the positioning on the cover 13 of the tank 10 makes it possible to have a low reflected power Pr in the waveguide 213 of the at least one module 21 and makes it possible to require little or no impedance matching of the circuit. In addition, the reflected wave Wr may be directly absorbed by the waste 40 to be heated.

[0074] According to this same embodiment, at least one source module 21 can be positioned eccentrically relative to a center 131 (for example as illustrated in [Fig.5]) of the cover 13. The eccentric positioning of the at least one module 21 allows for better homogeneity of diffusion of the waves in the tank 10. This positioning also makes it possible to avoid reflections on the axis of rotation of the blade 31. Similarly, at least one source module 21 has a first distance D1, between the center 131 of the cover 13 of the tank 10 and the at least one module 21. This first distance D1 can be greater than or equal to X, preferably greater than or equal to 2X. Advantageously, the center 131 of the cover 13 is positioned at the intersection of the plane (x,y) of the cover 13 and the central longitudinal axis z.

[0075] When we speak of the distance of the source module 21 with respect to an element of the cover or between source modules, we mean respectively the shortest distance taken between the element of the cover and an edge of the source module, and more particularly an edge of its interface, and the shortest distance taken edge to edge between two source modules, and more particularly the edges of their interfaces.

[0076] According to one embodiment, illustrated in [Fig.3], the apparatus comprises a plurality of source modules. The plurality of source modules 21 makes it possible to increase the power transmitted to the waste 40. Since disinfection is usually limited in power by the available magnetron sources 211, this embodiment according to the invention makes it possible to multiply the number of magnetron sources 211 and therefore to improve the effectiveness of the disinfection, for example in terms of time. In addition, the multiplication of the magnetron sources 211 makes it possible to increase the availability rate of the equipment. Thus, if a malfunction of a magnetron source 211 is observed, the disinfection of the waste 40 can continue in degraded mode. In the following, considers, without limitation, that the apparatus comprises several source modules 21.

[0077] For example, the source modules 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d may extend parallel to the central longitudinal axis z on the cover 13 of the tank 10.

[0078] Preferably, the positioning of the plurality of source modules 21 on the cover 13 of the tank 10 is configured to promote homogeneity of the treatment while minimizing undesirable couplings. Indeed, the multiplication of the source modules 21 implies a multiplication of incident waves which will then heat the waste 40 present in the tank 10 more quickly but also produce more reflections Wr. It is therefore advantageous to optimize the positioning of the plurality of source modules 21 in order to avoid undesirable couplings and electric arcs which could create a malfunction of the waste trivialization apparatus 1.

[0079] Orientation of interfaces.

[0080] Each source module 21 may comprise an interface 214. The orientation of the interfaces 214 relative to each other between several source modules 21, and preferably between each source module 21, may help to limit the sum of the resulting electric fields E present at the interface 214. The addition of these electric fields E may increase the risk of coupling and result in electric arcs for the magnetron source 211 or the materials of the interface 214. In addition, the orientation of the interfaces 214 relative to each other makes it possible to limit the coupling of reflected waves which may disturb the magnetron source 211.

[0081] According to an example, illustrated in [Fig.4A], two source modules 21a, 21b are positioned parallel to each other. In the same way, the two interfaces 214 are thus positioned parallel to each other. This parallel positioning can cause the propagation of reflected waves Wr in the waveguides 213. This leads to an increase in the amplitude of the standing wave and undesirable coupling in the source modules 21 limiting the effectiveness of the disinfection.

[0082] According to an example, illustrated in [Fig.4B], two source modules 21a and 21b are positioned perpendicular to each other. In the same way, the two interfaces 214 are thus preferably positioned perpendicular to each other. Thus, the amplitudes of the electric field E at the interfaces 214 can be perpendicular to each other and can make it possible to limit undesirable couplings.

[0083] Preferably, the incident wave propagates in the waveguide 213 in a propagation direction Si, as illustrated for the source modules 21a and 21b. After reflection in the tank 10, the reflected wave Wr propagates in the waveguide 213 in a propagation direction Sr, as illustrated for the source modules 21a and 21b. A non-parallel positioning makes it possible to limit the coupling of the reflected waves. Wr between source modules 21 which could disturb the magnetron source 211 and which would also reduce the power transfer to the DASRI. Preferably, a perpendicular positioning of the interfaces 214 represents the optimal orientation in the case of two source modules 21 in order to limit the coupling.

[0084] Optimal positions of the source modules 21a. 21b. 21c. 21d.

[0085] The preferred positions and orientations of the interface 214 of a source module 21 or of the interfaces 214 of a plurality 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d of source modules 21 will now be described with reference to [Fig.5] to [Fig.10B].

[0086] According to one example, the source modules 21, and more particularly their interfaces 214, are distributed at regular angular intervals around the center 131 of the cover, and preferably at regular angular intervals all around the center 131 of the cover. This promotes the homogeneity of the treatment of the waste 40.

[0087] According to one example, at least two adjacent interfaces 214 of the plurality 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d of source modules 21 extend along at least two main extension directions which intersect, in projection onto the same plane (x,y). Equivalently, at least two adjacent interfaces 214 are oriented along directions which are at least oblique to each other, and preferably perpendicular. Adjacent interfaces correspond to nearest neighboring interfaces 214. Equivalently, at least two adjacent interfaces 214 are oriented along directions which are not parallel to each other. According to one example, these arrangements correspond to the arrangement of the cross-sections of the waveguides, and this in particular when the cover 13 is curved. In the following, these cases are referred to indiscriminately as relative arrangement between several source modules 21.

[0088] The at least two adjacent interfaces 214 may, for example, according to each of their main transverse directions, define between them an intersection angle of between 45° and 120° (illustrated in [Fig.l2B]), preferably this intersection angle is equal to 90°. This thus makes it possible to maximize the power absorbed by the waste 40. Two interfaces 214 are adjacent if there are no other interfaces 214 between them. Two adjacent interfaces may in particular be at least two interfaces 214 positioned side by side on the same circle which would have as its center the center 131 of the cover 13. In a similar manner, two interfaces 214 may be adjacent if there are no other interfaces 214 between them and if they are positioned at the same distance from the center 131 of the cover 13.

[0089] Preferably, each of the source modules 21 is positioned eccentrically relative to the center 131 of the cover 13 of the tank 10. Preferably, each of the source modules 21 is arranged at a first distance D1 (illustrated in [Fig.12A]) with the center 131 of the cover 13. This thus allows better coupling between the plurality of source modules 21 and the waste 40, and to avoid reflections on the center of the blade 31.

[0090] According to one example, [Fig.5] illustrates an example of optimal positioning of a single source module 21 on the cover 13 of the tank 10.

[0091] According to one example, [Fig.6A] and [Fig.6B] illustrate the optimal positioning of two source modules 21a, 21b. The two source modules 21a and 21b are preferably positioned perpendicular to each other. Preferably, they are positioned on either side of the center 131 of the cover 13 of the tank 10, in order to improve the homogeneity of treatment of the waste 40. The source module 21a can thus be positioned at a second distance D2, called isolation, from the source module 21b making it possible to limit the effects of the coupling. Thus, according to the example illustrated in [Fig.6A], the second distance D2 is preferably equal to twice the first distance DI. The second distance D2 can then be greater than or equal to 2X. In addition, the two source modules 21a and 21b are each preferably positioned at a third distance D3 relative to the wall 12 of the tank 10, or equivalently relative to an edge of the cover 13.The third distance D3 may be greater than or equal to X, preferably it may be equal to 2X.

[0092] According to one example, [Fig.7A] and [Fig.7B] illustrate a preferred positioning of three source modules 21a, 21b and 21c. Just as for the two-module example, the three source modules are preferably positioned at the third distance D3 from the wall 12 of the tank 10, or equivalently from an edge of the cover 13.

[0093] In addition, when the apparatus comprises at least three source modules 21, at least two directly neighboring source modules 21, preferably each directly neighboring source modules 21a, 21b and 21c, are spaced apart by the second isolation distance D2. The second distance D2 may correspond to the smallest distance between two modules. Thus the second distance D2 may be greater than X / 4, preferably it may be greater than X / 2, preferably greater than X. According to an example, as illustrated in [Fig.l2A], two neighboring source modules 21 may be positioned on a straight line intersecting these at least two source modules 21 and the center 131 of the cover 13 of the tank 10, these at least two source modules 21 being positioned on the same side relative to the center 131, and spaced apart by the distance D2.

[0094] According to this example, the main extension dimensions of the interfaces 214 of the source modules 21 may extend radially around the center 131 of the cover 13. According to this example, the main extension dimensions of the interfaces 214 of the source modules 21 define intersection angles of 60° between them.

[0095] The first, second and third distances D1, D2 and D3 can be applied for any positioning of a plurality of source modules 21.

[0096] Thus, according to one example, [Fig.8A] and [Fig.8B] illustrate another positioning preferred of three source modules 21a, 21b and 21c in which the main extension dimensions of the interfaces 214 of the source modules 21 extend perpendicular to a radial direction starting from the center 131 of the cover 13.

[0097] According to another example, [Fig.9A] and [Fig.9B] illustrate a preferred positioning of four source modules 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d, in which the main extension dimensions of the interfaces 214 of the source modules 21 extend perpendicular to a radial direction starting from the center 131 of the cover 13. According to this example, the source modules 21 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0098] According to another example, [Fig.10A] and [Fig.10B] illustrate another optimal positioning of four source modules 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d, in which the main extension dimensions of the interfaces 214 of the source modules 21 extend radially around the center 131 of the cover 13. According to this example, the source modules 21 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0099] A particularly advantageous objective of the invention being to optimize the power absorbed by the waste 40, [Fig. 11 A] to [Fig. 11C] illustrate the distribution of the propagation of the field E of the microwaves along a longitudinal section in the tank 10, as a function of the number of modules 21 according to several of the preferred positions described above. The reflected power measured in these configurations is thus less than or equal to 10%, preferably less than 5%.

[0100] According to an example, Figure 12A and Figure 12B describe by way of examples several locations and relative arrangements of the source modules 21 and / or interfaces 214 on the cover 13. These arrangements are not limiting. By way of example, the first, second, third distances, D1, D2, D3 are represented therein as well as an angular interval 9 between two neighboring modules 21 / interface 214.

[0101] According to one example, the interfaces 214 are arranged radially around the center 131 of the cover 13. The interfaces 214 can then be arranged radially according to the angular interval θ. Similarly, the angular interval θ corresponds to the interval between at least two neighboring modules 21 or between at least two interfaces 214. The angular interval θ can then be equal to 360° / n with n being equal to the number of source modules 21 of the plurality of source modules 21 or interface 214 present on the cover 13. Thus the angular interval θ between two source modules 21 for three source modules 21 present on the cover 13 can be equal to 120°. Similarly, the angular interval θ between two source modules 21 for four source modules 21 present on the cover 13 can be equal to 90°. It is understood that the device 1 comprises at least one group of source modules 21 following this distribution.Additional source modules to this group can be arranged differently.

[0102] Thus, when these positioning and orientation arrangements are made, it there may be no impedance matching or the presence of an isolating device, making the device 1 more affordable.

[0103] Method for starting up the waste trivialization device 1:

[0104] Thus, the process of trivializing waste 40 from risky care activities in defective implementing the waste trivialization device 1 includes: - an introduction into tank 10 of waste 40 from infectious risk care activities, - a closure of the cover 13 of the tank 10, - crushing of waste 40 by the crushing module 30, - disinfection of the waste 40 by the microwave heating system 20, comprising the routing of the microwaves by the at least one source module 21, through the cover 13 of the tank 10 and eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis z of the tank 10.

[0105] This same method can be carried out by a plurality of source modules 21, thus the last step of the method described previously becomes: - disinfection of the waste 40 by the microwave heating system 20, comprising the routing of the microwaves by the plurality of source modules 21, through the cover 13 of the tank 10 and eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis z of the tank 10.

[0106] According to one example, the crushing of the waste is at least partly simultaneous with the disinfection of the waste.

[0107] The invention is not limited to the embodiments previously described and extends to all embodiments covered by the invention. Many other variant embodiments are possible, for example by combining previously described characteristics, without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, many other relative arrangements of the source modules are conceivable, without departing from the scope of the invention. Preferred positions have been described above but many others can be provided. In addition, the characteristics described in relation to one aspect of the invention can be combined with another aspect of the invention.

[0108] DIGITAL REFERENCES 1: Waste trivialization device 10: Tank 11: Tank bottom 12: Tank wall 13: Cover 131: Center of the cover 20: Heating system 21: source module 211: Magnetron source / Magnetron 212: Antenna 213: Waveguide 214: Interface (sealing window) 22: Power generator 30: Grinding module 31: blade 40: waste DI: first distance D2: second distance, called isolation D3: third distance z: central longitudinal axis Wi: Incident wave Pi: Incident power If: direction of propagation of the incident wave Wr: Reflected wave Pr: Reflected power Sr: direction of propagation of the reflected wave Wa: Absorbed wave Pa: Absorbed power E: Maximum electric field at the interface X: Wavelength in free propagation in air, approximately 0.12m 9: angular interval

Claims

Claims

1. Apparatus for trivializing waste (1), in particular waste from infectious health care activities, comprising: - a tank (10), extending along a longitudinal central axis (z), intended to be supplied with waste (40) and comprising a cover (13), - a waste crushing module (30) comprising a blade (31) arranged in the tank (10), - a microwave heating system (20) for the waste (40) for the purpose of disinfecting it, comprising at least one microwave source module (21) configured to convey microwaves into the tank (10), characterized in that the at least one source module (21) is positioned on the cover (13) of the tank (10) eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis (z).

2. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one source module (21) comprises a waveguide (213) and wherein the waveguide (213) is configured so as to convey the microwaves into the tank (10) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal central axis (z).

3. A waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the waste trivialization apparatus (1) comprises a plurality of source modules (21) each positioned eccentrically on the cover (13) of the tank (10).

4. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the waveguide (213) of the at least one source module (21) has an interface (214) with the tank (10), this interface (214) extending over its longest dimension in a main direction of extension, and in which at least two adjacent interfaces (214) of the plurality of source modules (21) extend in main directions of extension which, in projection onto the same plane, intersect.

5. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the apparatus (1) has at least two source modules (21) having their interfaces (214) whose directions main extension are perpendicular to each other.

6. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein, each source module (21) of the plurality of source modules (21) having an interface (214) with the tank (10), and the cover (13) having a center (131), said interfaces (214) are arranged radially around the center (131) of the cover (13) according to an angular interval (0) equal to 360° / n, n being equal to the number of source modules (21) of the plurality of source modules (21).

7. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to claims 3 to 6, in which at least two directly neighboring modules (21), of the plurality of source modules (21), are spaced apart from each other by a distance D2 greater than X / 4, preferably greater than X / 2, preferably greater than X.

8. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, the cover (13) having a center (131), the at least one source module (21) is positioned on the cover (13) of the tank (10) so as to have a distance DI between the center (131) of the cover (13) and the at least one module (21), this distance DI being greater than or equal to X.

9. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the at least one source module (21) is positioned at a distance D3 greater than or equal to X, preferably equal to 2X relative to a wall (12) of the tank (10), in projection onto a plane (x,y) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis (z).

10. Waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the interface (214) of the at least one source module (21) extends in a plane (x,y) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal central direction (z).

11. Method for trivializing infectious risk healthcare waste capable of implementing the waste trivialization apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims comprising: - an introduction into a tank (10) of infectious risk healthcare waste, the tank extending along a longitudinal central axis (z), a closing of a cover (13) of the tank (10), - crushing of the waste (40) by a crushing module (30) comprising a blade (31) arranged in the tank (10), - disinfection of the waste (40) by a microwave heating system (20), comprising the routing of the microwaves by at least one source module, through the cover (13) of the tank (10) and eccentrically relative to the longitudinal central axis (z) of the tank (10).

12. Method for trivializing waste according to the preceding claim, in which the disinfection of the waste (40) by the routing of microwaves is carried out by a plurality of source modules (21) each positioned eccentrically on the cover (13) of the tank (10).

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