Rotating electric machine rotor and electromagnetic retarder assembly and generator
The rotor's innovative cooling fin arrangement enhances airflow management, preventing deformation and reducing aerodynamic losses, thus improving the mechanical integrity and efficiency of electromagnetic retarders and generators.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2023015351
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-12-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing rotors for electromagnetic retarders and generators suffer from deformation due to inadequate ventilation and high aerodynamic losses, leading to inefficiencies and potential mechanical failure.
The rotor design incorporates a cylindrical body with alternating rows of convex cooling fins oriented in opposite directions to enhance airflow intake and evacuation, reducing friction and aerodynamic losses, and includes a crown that exposes most fins to promote air access and evacuation through cooling channels.
The design effectively prevents deformation and reduces aerodynamic losses, improving cooling efficiency and mechanical integrity of the rotor.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Rotor of a rotating electric machine and assembly of electromagnetic retarder and generator. Technical field of the invention
[0001] The invention relates to a rotating machine rotor and in particular to an electromagnetic retarder rotor for a vehicle. The invention also relates to an electromagnetic retarder and generator assembly. Prior art
[0002] A rotor of an electromagnetic retarder and generator assembly is known, comprising an inner ring for mounting on a rotating shaft, a side flange, and a cylindrical body coaxial with the inner ring. The rotor's peripheral face is smooth or has cooling fins. The flange consists of a ring-shaped plate connecting the inner ring to the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body forms the retarder's armature.
[0003] Such a rotor is described in patent application FR 18 55 848 filed in the name of the applicant. However, the armature of this rotor is not well ventilated, so that after significant use, the rotor may deform. Presentation of the invention
[0004] It would be desirable to propose a rotor that does not deform over time under the effect of heat. It would also be desirable to propose a rotor with low aerodynamic loss. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention relates to a rotor for a rotating electrical machine, in particular an electromagnetic retarder for a vehicle, the rotor being adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation in a direction of rotation, the axis of rotation extending along an axial direction, the rotor comprising: - a cylindrical body comprising a peripheral face, a lateral connecting face and a free lateral face opposite the lateral connecting face; the peripheral face comprising a first edge adjacent to the lateral connecting face and a second edge; - an inner ring intended to be fixed to a rotating shaft, the inner ring and the cylindrical body being coaxial; - fixing arms connected to the inner ring and the lateral connection face of the cylindrical body, - a plurality of first cooling fins arranged on the peripheral face of the cylindrical body, the first cooling fins being arranged according to a first row extending along the first edge, the first cooling fins being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the front when considering the direction of rotation of the rotor, - a plurality of second cooling fins arranged on the peripheral face of the cylindrical body, the second cooling fins being arranged in a second row extending parallel to the first row, the second cooling fins being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the rear when considering the direction of rotation of the rotor.
[0006] Advantageously, the shape and arrangement of the first cooling fins allow for the intake of a large quantity of air and improve the cooling of the cylindrical body. Advantageously, the shape and arrangement of the second cooling fins reduce friction between the airflow and the fins and reduce aerodynamic losses.
[0007] The features described in the following paragraphs may optionally be implemented. They may be implemented independently of each other or in combination with each other: - the first cooling fins have a curvature having a first center and a first radius of curvature, the first center being located a first distance away from one end of the first edge, the first distance being measured along the axial direction, the ratio between the first radius of curvature and the first distance being between 1 and 2. - the second cooling fins have a curvature having a second center and a second radius of curvature, the second center being a second distance away from one end of the second lateral edge, the second distance being measured along the axial direction, the ratio between the second radius of curvature and the second distance being between 1 and 2. - The first center is far from the second center by a third distance measured along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the ratio between, on the one hand, twice the length of a radius of curvature among the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature and on the other hand, the third distance is between 1.2 and 1.5. - the first cooling fins have a median plane, and in which the median plane of the first cooling fins forms an angle with the radial plane; the angle being between 40 degrees and 60 degrees, the radial plane being perpendicular to the axis of rotation. - The second cooling fins have a median plane, and in which the median plane of the second cooling fins is parallel to the median plane of the first cooling fins. - The second row extends along the second edge and in which the rotor has a ring coaxial with the cylindrical body, and in which the ring extends only over a central part of the peripheral face, a part of the first cooling fins and a part of the second cooling fins being open to the outside. Advantageously, the opening above the inlet of the cooling channels promotes air access to the cooling channels and the opening above the outlet of the cooling channels promotes air evacuation. - The crown has at least one first lateral end, and the first edge is delimited by an end, the first lateral end of the crown being away from the end of the first edge by a fourth distance between 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters, said fourth distance being measured along the axial direction. The crown has at least one second lateral end, and the second edge is delimited by one end. The lateral end of the crown is separated from the end of the second edge by a fifth distance between 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters, said fifth distance being measured along the axial direction. The rotor further comprises a plurality of third cooling fins attached to the peripheral face of the cylindrical body. The third cooling fins are arranged along a third row, the third row being adjacent to and parallel to the first row. The third cooling fins are convex and have a concavity facing rearward with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotor. - The rotor further comprises a plurality of fourth cooling fins fixed to the peripheral face of the cylindrical body, the fourth cooling fins being arranged along a fourth row, the fourth row being adjacent and parallel to the third row, the fourth cooling fins being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the rear when considering the direction of rotation of the rotor.
[0008] The invention also relates to an electromagnetic retarder and generator assembly, said assembly comprising a stator and a rotor; the stator comprising an external face and an internal face; the external face carrying a retarder inductor arranged opposite an internal face of the cylindrical body; the internal face carrying a generator armature; the rotor being formed according to the characteristics mentioned above, the cylindrical body forming a retarder armature, the internal fixing ring comprising a generator inductor arranged opposite the internal face of the stator. Brief description of the figures
[0009] [Fig-1] is a perspective view of part of a rotor according to the invention;
[0010] [Fig.2] is a top view of a portion of the rotor of the [Fig.1] sectioned along a plan II-II illustrated on the [Fig.l];
[0011] [Fig.3] is a top view of a part of the rotor illustrated in [Fig.1];
[0012] [Fig.4] is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of part of a ra- assembly electromagnetic retarder and generator comprising a rotor illustrated in [Fig.1]. Detailed description of the invention
[0013] With reference to [Fig. 1], the invention relates to a rotor 2 of a rotating electrical machine. For example, the rotor 2 is an electromagnetic retarder rotor for a vehicle. In particular, this rotor can be mounted in an electromagnetic retarder and generator assembly as illustrated in [Fig. 4].
[0014] The rotor 2 is designed to rotate in a direction of rotation R around an axis of rotation XX extending in an axial direction A. For the purposes of this description, a radial plane PR is defined perpendicular to the axis of rotation XX.
[0015] The rotor 2 includes an inner ring 4 intended to be fixed to a rotating shaft not shown, a cylindrical body 6 and fixing arms 8 connected to the inner ring and the cylindrical body.
[0016] The inner ring 4 and the cylindrical body 6 are coaxial.
[0017] In the example illustrated by way of example and in no way limiting, the rotor has ten mounting arms. The mounting arms are regularly distributed around the inner ring.
[0018] With reference to [Fig.2], the cylindrical body 6 has the shape of a sleeve. The cylindrical body 6 comprises a connecting lateral face 28, a free lateral face 29 opposite the connecting face, a peripheral face 30 or outer face and an inner face 32.
[0019] The connecting side face 28 is the face on which the fixing arms 8 are connected.
[0020] The peripheral face 30 comprises a first edge 34 adjacent to the connecting lateral face and a second edge 36 opposite the first edge. The first edge 34 of the peripheral face 30 is delimited along the axial direction A by an end 42. The second edge 36 of the peripheral face 30 is delimited along the axial direction A by an end 43.
[0021] The cylindrical body 6 includes first cooling fins 38 and second cooling fins 39. The first 38 and second 39 cooling fins are fixed to the peripheral face 30 of the cylindrical body.
[0022] With reference to [Fig.2], the first 38 and the second 39 cooling fins The cooling fins have the shape of convex blades. The median plane PM of the first cooling fins 38 is oriented at an angle θ between 40 degrees and 60 degrees with respect to the radial plane PR. Preferably, the angle θ is approximately 45 degrees. The portion of the first cooling fins closest to the end 43 is directed downstream with respect to the portion of the first cooling fins closest to the end 42, considering the direction of rotation of the rotor.
[0023] The median plane PM of the second 39 cooling fins is parallel to the median plane of the first cooling fins.
[0024] The first cooling fins 38 are arranged in a first row 10. The first cooling fins of the first row are aligned along the first edge 34.
[0025] The first cooling fins 38 have a concavity oriented towards the front with respect to the direction of rotation R of the rotor. In other words, a vector normal to the concave face of the cooling fins 38 of the first row is directed in the same direction as the direction of rotation R of the rotor relative to the stator. Thus, the first cooling fins 38 are suitable for directing a greater quantity of air towards the peripheral face 30 of the cylindrical body.
[0026] The first cooling fins 38 have a curvature having a first center Al and a first radius of curvature RL. The first center Al is located a first distance DI from the end 42 of the first edge of the cylindrical body. The first distance DI is measured along the axial direction A. The ratio between the first radius of curvature RI and the first distance DI is between 1 and 2.
[0027] 1<~|<2
[0028] The second cooling fins 39 are arranged in a second row 12. The second cooling fins 39 are aligned along the second edge 36.
[0029] The second cooling fins 39 are also curved and have a rearward concave orientation with respect to the direction of rotation R of the rotor. In other words, a vector normal to the concave face of the cooling fins 38 of the second row is directed in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the rotor R. This orientation increases the evacuation of air outwards from the rotor during rotor rotation.
[0030] The second cooling fins 39 have a curvature having a second center A2 and a second radius of curvature R2. The second center A2 is located a second distance D2 from the end 43 of the second lateral edge. The The second distance D2 is measured along the axial direction A. The ratio between the second radius of curvature R2 and the second distance D2 is between 1 and 2.
[0031] 1<^<2
[0032] The first center Al is away from the second center A2 by a third distance D3 measured along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction A. The ratio between twice the first radius of curvature RI divided by the third distance D3 is between 1.2 and 1.5.
[0033]
[0034] Similarly, the ratio between twice the second radius of curvature R2 divided by the third distance D3 is between 1.2 and 1.5.
[0035] 1.2 < ™ < 1.5
[0036] The end 18 of the fixing arms 8 is fixed to the connecting face 29. Preferably, the end of the fixing arms extends out perpendicularly to the peripheral face 30 of the cylindrical body so as to form a cooling fin arranged in the first row 10 and parallel to the first cooling fins.
[0037] The cylindrical body 6 further comprises a plurality of third cooling fins 48 fixed to the peripheral face 30 of the cylindrical body. The third cooling fins 48 are arranged along a third row 14 extending parallel to the first row. The third cooling fins 48 have a curved, blade-like shape. The third cooling fins 48 have a concavity oriented towards the rear with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotor. In other words, a vector normal to the concave face of the third cooling fins 48 is directed in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the rotor R.
[0038] The cylindrical body further comprises a plurality of fourth cooling fins 50 fixed to the peripheral face of the cylindrical body. The fourth cooling fins 50 are arranged along a fourth row 16 extending parallel to the first row. The fourth cooling fins 50 have a convex blade shape. The fourth cooling fins 48 have a concavity oriented towards the rear with respect to the direction of rotation of the rotor. In other words, a vector normal to the concave face of the fourth cooling fins 50 is directed in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the rotor R.
[0039] The third 48 and fourth 50 cooling fins extend parallel to the first cooling fins 38.
[0040] The median plane PM of the third 48 and fourth 50 cooling fins is oriented at an angle 0 between 40 degrees and 60 degrees with respect to the radial plane PR. Preferably, the angle 0 is substantially equal to 45 degrees.
[0041] Preferably, the rotor 2 further comprises a ring 40 coaxial with the cylindrical body. The ring 40 forms cooling channels 41 with the cooling fins. These cooling channels promote the cooling of the cylindrical body forming the armature of the rotating machine.
[0042] In the preferred embodiment illustrated in the figures, the crown 40 covers the third and fourth cooling fins arranged on a central part of the peripheral face 30 as well as a part of the first and second cooling fins.
[0043] A large portion of the first cooling fins 38 arranged on the first edge 34 and a large portion of the second cooling fins 39 arranged on the second edge 36 of the peripheral face are open to the outside. In other words, a large portion of the first cooling fins 38 and a large portion of the second cooling fins 39 are not covered by the ring 40. Only a small portion of the first cooling fins is covered by the ring. The portion of the first cooling fins not covered by the ring has a length of approximately 90% of the total length of the first cooling fins. Similarly, the portion of the second cooling fins not covered by the ring has a length of approximately 90% of the length of the second cooling fins.
[0044] With reference to [Fig.3], the crown 40 is delimited in the axial direction, on the one hand, by a first lateral end 44 and, on the other hand, by a second lateral end 46. The first lateral end 44 is located adjacent to the end 42 of the first edge of the peripheral face. The second lateral end 46 is located adjacent to the end 43 of the second edge of the peripheral face.
[0045] Preferably, the lateral edge 44 of the crown is offset from the end 42 of the first edge of the peripheral face by a fourth distance D4 of between 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters. The fourth distance D4 is measured along the axial direction A.
[0046] Preferably, the lateral end 46 of the crown being separated from the end 43 of the second edge by a fifth distance D5 of between 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters. The fifth distance D5 is measured along the axial direction A.
[0047] In the embodiment shown in the figures and in no way limiting, the fourth distance D4 is equal to the fifth distance D5.
[0048] Preferably, the end 18 of the fixing arms is also connected to a lateral face of the crown.
[0049] With reference to [Fig. 4], the invention also relates to an electromagnetic retarder and generator assembly 48. This assembly comprises a rotor 2 and a stator 50. The rotor 2 is conformed according to the characteristics mentioned above.
[0050] The stator 50 comprises an outer face 52 and an inner face 54. The outer face 52 carries a retarder inductor 56 arranged opposite an inner face 32 of the cylindrical body. The inner face 54 carries a generator armature 58. The cylindrical body 6 of the rotor 2 forms a retarder armature. The inner retaining ring 4 comprises a generator inductor 60 arranged opposite the inner face 54 of the stator.
Claims
Demands
1. Rotor (2) of a rotating electrical machine, in particular of an electromagnetic slow-speed motor for a vehicle, the rotor (2) being adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation (XX) in a direction of rotation (R), the axis of rotation extending in an axial direction (A), the rotor (2) comprising: - a cylindrical body (6) including a peripheral face (30), a connecting lateral face (28) and a free lateral face (29) opposite the connecting lateral face; the peripheral face (30) including a first edge (34) adjacent to the connecting lateral face and a second edge (36); - an inner ring (4) intended to be fixed to a rotating shaft, the inner ring (4) and the cylindrical body (6) being coaxial;- fixing arms (8) connected to the inner ring (4) and to the lateral connecting face (28) of the cylindrical body, - a plurality of first cooling fins (38) arranged on the peripheral face (30) of the cylindrical body, the first cooling fins (38) being arranged in a first row (10) extending along the first edge (34), the first cooling fins (38) being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the front when considering the direction of rotation (R) of the rotor, - a plurality of second cooling fins (39) arranged on the peripheral face (30) of the cylindrical body, the second cooling fins (39) being arranged in a second row (12) extending parallel to the first row, the second cooling fins (39) being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the rear when considering the direction of rotation of the rotor.;
2. Rotor (2) according to claim 1, wherein the first cooling fins (38) have a curvature having a first center (Al) and a first radius of curvature (RI), the first center (Al) being located a first distance (Dl) away from an end (42) of the first edge, the first distance (Dl) being measured along the axial direction (A), the ratio between the first radius of curvature (RI) and the first distance (Dl) being between 1 and 2.
3. Rotor (2) according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the second cooling fins (39) have a curvature having a second center (A2) and a second radius of curvature (R2), the second center (A2) being located a second distance (D2) from an end (43) of the second lateral edge, the second distance (D2) being measured along the axial direction (A), the ratio between the second radius of curvature (R2) and the second distance (D2) being between 1 and 2.
4. Rotor (2) according to the combination of claims 2 and 3, wherein the first center (Al) is separated from the second center (A2) by a third distance (D3) measured along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction (A), the ratio between, on the one hand, twice the length of a radius of curvature among the first radius of curvature (RI) and the second radius of curvature (R2) and on the other hand, the third distance (D3) is between 1.2 and 1.
5.
5. Rotor (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first cooling fins (38) have a median plane (PM), and wherein the median plane (PM) of the first cooling fins (38) forms an angle (0) with the radial plane (PR); the angle (0) being between 40 degrees and 60 degrees, the radial plane (PR) being perpendicular to the axis of rotation (XX).
6. Rotor (2) according to claim 5, wherein the second cooling fins (39) have a median plane (PM), and wherein the median plane (PM) of the second cooling fins is parallel to the median plane (PM) of the first cooling fins (39).
7. Rotor (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second row (12) extends along the second edge (36) and wherein the rotor (2) has a ring (40) coaxial with the cylindrical body (6), and wherein the ring (40) extends only over a central part of the peripheral face (30), a part of the first cooling fins (38) and a part of the second cooling fins (39) being open to the outside.
8. Rotor (2) according to claim 7, wherein the ring (40) has at least one first lateral end (44), and wherein the first edge (34) is delimited by an end (42), the first lateral end (44) of the ring being away from the end (42) of the first edge by a fourth distance (D4) of between 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters, said fourth distance (D4) being measured along the axial direction.
9. Rotor (2) according to claim 8, wherein the crown (40) comprises at least one second lateral end (46) and in which the second edge (36) is delimited by an end (43), the lateral end (46) of the crown being away from the end (43) of the second edge by a fifth distance (D5) between 15 millimeters and 30 millimeters, said fifth distance (D5) being measured along the axial direction.
10. Rotor (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a plurality of third cooling fins (48) fixed to the peripheral face (30) of the cylindrical body, the third cooling fins (48) being arranged along a third row (14), the third row being adjacent and parallel to the first row (10), the third cooling fins (48) being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the rear considering the direction of rotation (R) of the rotor.
11. Rotor (2) according to claim 10, further comprising a plurality of fourth cooling fins (50) fixed to the peripheral face (30) of the cylindrical body, the fourth cooling fins (50) being arranged along a fourth row (16), the fourth row being adjacent and parallel to the third row (14), the fourth cooling fins (50) being convex and having a concavity oriented towards the rear considering the direction of rotation (R) of the rotor.
12. Electromagnetic retarder and generator assembly (48), said assembly comprising a stator (50) and a rotor (2); the stator (50) comprising an outer face (52) and an inner face (54); the outer face (52) carrying a retarder inductor (56) arranged opposite an inner face (32) of the cylindrical body; the inner face (54) carrying a generator armature (58); the rotor being formed according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the cylindrical body (6) forming a retarder armature, the inner fixing ring (4) comprising a generator inductor (60) disposed opposite the inner face (54) of the stator.