COMBINED ARMOR ELEMENT

Abstract

COMBINED ARMOR ELEMENT The invention relates to a combined armor element (1) formed of a rigid armor element (3) arranged in the front part and a flexible ballistic armor element (2) arranged in the rear part, the combined armor element (1) comprises one or more rigid armor elements (3), each having a total surface area less than a total surface area of ​​the flexible ballistic armor element (2), and the rigid armor element(s) (3) and the flexible ballistic armor element (2) are interconnected in such a way that they form a firm and uniform structure of a single piece in each rigid ballistic part (5) formed of the combined armor element (1) on one or more whole surfaces (4) of the bond between the flexible ballistic armor element (2) and each of the rigid armor elements (3), and the flexible ballistic parts (6) have a lower firmness and a lower thickness. Figure to be published with the abbreviation: Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: COMBINED SHIELDING ELEMENT

[0001] The present invention belongs to the military and special fields, in particular to means of individual ballistic protection, and can be used in the context of protective elements, bulletproof vests, in other means for individual protection of a person against the impacts of bullets from various light weapons, wrecks, shell fragments, explosive munitions. The present invention is a combined armor element.

[0002] At least two main types of ballistic armor elements for bulletproof vests are known: soft (flexible) and rigid. The use of the terms "soft" and "rigid" in relation to protective ballistic elements is official in the field, and these concepts have clear specific interpretations regarding the technical characteristics of the materials. A "soft ballistic armor element" (Soft Armor) is a lightweight protective element, made on the basis of special fabrics or non-woven materials, which provides protection against pistol bullets and low-speed non-sharp fragments. Soft ballistic armor elements do not provide protection against high-speed sharp bullets (rifle) and sharp fragments, have high deformation of the back side and have a shorter shelf life.Rigid ballistic armor elements (Rigid Armor) are protective ballistic armor elements made of rigid materials (steel, titanium, pressed ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, ceramics, etc.). Rigid ballistic armor elements provide a higher level of protection than soft ballistic armor elements, they are resistant to high-speed bullets or sharp fragments. The disadvantage of rigid ballistic armor elements is their lack of flexibility and high weight. At the same time, rigid ballistic armor elements have smaller deformation indicators after ballistic armor, and in some structural designs it is possible to achieve their complete absence, which is impossible when using soft ballistic armor elements.

[0003] The depth of deformation after ballistic armor for bulletproof vests of all protection classes must meet the following requirements:

[0004] - for bulletproof vests worn outdoors: not more than 25 mm;

[0005] - for concealed carry bulletproof vests: not more than 35 mm (National Standard of Ukraine. DSTU 8782: 2018. Personal protective equipment. BULLETPROOF VESTS. Classification. General technical conditions. Official edition - Kyiv, SE "Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization Problems", 2019).

[0006] Thus, soft ballistic armor elements are mainly used to protect a person from low-speed striking elements (pistol bullets, blunt (non-edged) fragments, hand weapons and other similar elements). Soft ballistic armor elements also have a certain flexibility, which is convenient for their use in bulletproof vests when it is necessary to maintain maximum mobility, for example in the composition of bulletproof vests for concealed carry, in lightweight police bulletproof vests, etc.

[0007] As already mentioned, rigid ballistic armor elements are mainly used to protect a person against high-speed and sharp striking elements, when it is necessary to achieve the maximum level of protection, for example as part of a combined military assault body armor.

[0008] There are also combined semi-rigid bulletproof vests with a basic protective structure based on special fabrics or non-woven materials with additional rigid protective elements.

[0009] Thus, according to the particular classification of protection classes of bulletproof vests, in accordance with DSTU 8782:2018, NU 0101.04 / NU 0101.06 (USA), there are at least three types of bulletproof vests, with different types of ballistic armor elements and protective materials, which are most commonly used, namely:

[0010] - soft bulletproof vest (type A) - in which ballistic elements are used soft and flexible, which bend in different directions; soft ballistic armor at levels IIA, II and IIIA NU (USA) and 1, 2 DSTU Ukraine is usually used in these bulletproof vests;

[0011] - semi-rigid bulletproof vest (type B) - in which ballistic plates (armor rigid ballistic) are combined with soft ballistic armor elements (standard army bulletproof vest);

[0012] - rigid bulletproof vest (type C) - ballistic armor plates (ballistic armor rigid) based on rigid elements (e.g. - plate carriers). Such ballistic armor plates are hard plates, which in most cases are made of pressed polyethylene with a ceramic face (A12O3, SiC, B4C) or profiled steel sheets (Armox, Ramor, Swebor). Ballistic plates in Ukraine are mainly produced in 30x25 cm format, flat, single-cornered or polygonal (Website "Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia": Bulletproof vest. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https: / / uk.wikipedia.org / wiki / BpoHe»HJieT#KjiacH_3axHCTy, access date 01.11.2024; Website "VELMET": CLASSIFICATION OF BULLETPROOF VESTS ACCORDING TO DSTU 8782:2018, NU 0101.06. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https: / / velmet.ua / klasifikatsiya-bronejiletiv-standart-dstu-8782-2018-nij-0101-06. html, access date 11.01.2024).

[0013] Soft and rigid ballistic armor elements have their own advantages and disadvantages in practical use, both individually and collectively as part of a combined semi-rigid bulletproof vest.

[0014] The advantage of soft ballistic armor elements is their relatively low weight, flexibility and elasticity and, therefore, ease of use. But, as already mentioned, they do not sufficiently protect the human body from sharp and high-speed striking elements. In addition, a significant disadvantage of soft ballistic armor elements is that they have a rather low level of protection against trauma after ballistic armor. "Trauma after ballistic armor" is damage to the outer layers and internal organs of a person, resulting from the lack of penetration of a bullet or other types of striking elements of ballistic armor or personal protective equipment (bulletproof vests, helmets, etc.).All types of actions outside the obstacle are a consequence of the transfer of momentum and kinetic energy from the bullet / fragment to the ballistic armor element, which, in turn, leads to the body being charged with a shock wave, a local impact by the displaced ballistic armor element with the formation of a deformation dome (bulge) in it and the acceleration of the human body or individual parts of the body that have experienced the impact of the bullet or fragment. (Website "Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia": Post-armor trauma. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https: / / ru.wikipedia.org / wiki / 3a6poHeBas_KOHTy3HOHHas_TpaBMa, access date 14.01.2024).

[0015] According to existing modern animal studies, in case of trauma after ballistic armor with a depth greater than 34 mm, for example from 40 mm to 44 mm, the mortality rate increases considerably. At the same time, various causes of death of animals caused by trauma outside of obstacles were recorded - cardiac arrhythmia, ischemia, sharp decrease in arterial saturation, hematoma of the lungs and other organs, occurrence of emphysema, severe disorders of the functions of the lungs, blood circulation, brain and nervous system (Website "OXFORD academic": Severe Lung Contusion and Death after High-Velocity Behind-Armor Blunt Trauma: Relation to Protection Level. Dan Gryth, David Rocksén, PhD, Jonas KEE Persson, MD, PhD, Ulf P. Arborelius, PhD, Dan Drobin, MD, PhD, Jenny Bursell, BSc, Lars-Gunnar Olsson, RT, Thomas B. Kjellstrôm, MD, PhD. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https: / / academic.oup.eom / milmed / article / 172 / 10 / l 110 / 4578114, access date 15.01.2024). These experiments were carried out using different weapons and different ballistic materials in order to obtain different diameters and degrees of impact. by trauma after ballistic armor. Thus, it is quite clear that the impression of trauma after ballistic armor depends on the combination of the effect of the striking element and the properties and characteristics of the ballistic elements into which the bullet or fragment penetrates. Accordingly, in order to reduce the diameter and force of the impact of trauma after ballistic armor, it is necessary to improve the known designs of ballistic armor elements using combined ballistic armor elements.

[0016] Rigid ballistic armor elements are more effective in terms of the degree of protection and the ability to deter various striking elements. In addition, rigid ballistic armor elements have a much higher level of protection against trauma after ballistic armoring (compared to soft ballistic armor elements). But rigid ballistic armor elements have more weight, are hard and, therefore, less ergonomic and less convenient to use than soft ballistic armor elements.

[0017] In combined (semi-rigid) body armor, at least two materials (soft and rigid) are used to form protection, which are "layered". In addition, in the design of a standard army semi-rigid body armor, it is common for the hard / rigid ballistic armor (for ballistic plates) to use its own separate outer casing (such as a waterproof bag). Similarly, soft ballistic armor elements also have their own separate outer casing (packing). Thus, hard ballistic armor plates in their own packages and soft ballistic armor elements in their own packages, located "layered" as part of the structure of a standard army type "B" body armor, form effective double protection.But, at the same time, these rigid and soft ballistic armor elements in separate packages that are part of the well-known standard semi-rigid bulletproof vest of ballistic armor are separate from each other, they do not constitute a single continuous structure and, in most cases, they "work" and perform protective functions not as "one" element of ballistic armor, but each separately, without using the useful properties of another material, and if they are used, then to an insufficient extent. In addition, during the movements of the wearer, the separate rigid and soft elements of the ballistic armor slide between themselves, which is inconvenient for their long-term use. In addition, the production of a standard semi-rigid bulletproof vest for the elements of the ballistic armor is quite complex and expensive.

[0018] Any ballistic armor element (rigid and soft) has its own effective protection zone, where the edges of such a protection element (rigid and soft) always have less ballistic protection compared to the main zone of this element of ballistic armor. In other words, when a bullet or fragment hits the edge of a ballistic armor element, in the vast majority of cases it penetrates, injures, and affects the human body. This is a physical and mechanical property inherent in the vast majority of protective materials, since the edge of any ballistic material uses a smaller area of protection and impact containment than in places closer to the central part. As a result, separate ballistic armor elements in soft and rigid body armor, and separate (layered) soft and rigid protective materials in combined (semi-rigid) body armor, due to the greater vulnerability of their edges, have a reduced effective ballistic protection area compared to their total effective area.For example, with a total physical surface area of a rigid ballistic armor element of 7 dm2, due to the impact of its edges, the effective ballistic protection area of such a ballistic armor element actually amounts to, for example, 6 dm2. The presence of a soft ballistic armor element under the hard armor plate in the standard army semi-rigid bulletproof vest, due to the fact that the rigid and soft ballistic armor elements are separated, does not in any way increase the effective ballistic protection area of the rigid ballistic armor plate, and its edges also remain more affected and capable of penetrating.Thus, it is clear that there is a problem of hitting and penetrating the edges of ballistic armor elements and, accordingly, there is also a problem of reduced effective area of ballistic protection of ballistic armor elements, in particular - rigid ballistic armor elements, for example, included in the composition of semi-rigid bulletproof vests. The actual increase in the effective area of ballistic protection of ballistic armor elements would allow to significantly increase the useful properties of these products and increase the chances of saving the health and life of their wearers.

[0019] As already mentioned, soft ballistic armor elements have a rather low level of protection against trauma after ballistic armor. That is, when hitting, for example, a bullet in a soft ballistic armor element, even if there is no penetration, a large area and depth of trauma after ballistic armor appear, which can lead to the death of a person. Accordingly, rigid ballistic armor plates provide a higher level of protection against trauma after ballistic armor than soft plates. Thus, there is a need to strengthen soft ballistic armor elements against the action of trauma after ballistic armor, including in some (even small) parts of the ballistic armor protection, which are located in the areas of vitally important places of the human body (heart, liver, lungs, groin, head, in other places).

[0020] A design of a folded bulletproof plate is known, which is a combined ballistic armor element formed from a soft ballistic element and two rigid ballistic armor elements (Chinese Patent for Invention No. CN112304161A, CIB F41H 1 / 02, F41H 5 / 04, F41H 5 / 0471, 02.02.2021). This invention aims to make it possible to achieve a seamless connection between a soft bulletproof area and a rigid bulletproof area, wherein the density of the soft bulletproof area can be adjusted by the structure to achieve a 360° curvature. But such a design is not intended to increase the effective area of ballistic protection against penetration of the edges of a rigid ballistic armor element, and this design does not allow to increase the resistance of a soft ballistic material against the effects of trauma after ballistic armor, especially in certain defined areas of the vital areas of the wearer's body.Flexibility in such a design is not fully achieved due to the fact that the rigid and soft parts of the ballistic armor element are not placed in the structure: in a vertical section, rigid in the upper (frontal) part and soft in the lower (rear) part, layers of ballistic material are connected along the entire vertical plane. In addition, in such a design, it is difficult to achieve the indestructibility of the lower layers of the soft ballistic armor element, due to the fixation of its layers in the upper part by connecting the soft and rigid components of the ballistic armor element.

[0021] The closest analogue of the present invention is the soft and rigid ballistic armor construction, which is a combined armor element formed from a soft ballistic armor element and a rigid ballistic armor element, where the rigid ballistic armor element is located in the frontal part of the combined armor element, and the soft ballistic armor element is located in the rear part of the combined armor element (US patent for invention No. US9200872B1, CIB F41H 1 / 02, F41H 5 / 04, F41H 5 / 08, 01.12.2015).The so-called "soft and rigid ballistic armor" is designed to reduce and, in some cases, prevent injuries to the chest, torso, abdomen, legs, arms, feet, ankle, hand, wrist, fibula, lower leg, radius, and ulna of soldiers wearing this bulletproof vest and exposed to antipersonnel mines in expected or unexpected places or small arms fire. But such a design is difficult to manufacture, it has rather large areas of rigid ballistic parts and small areas of soft ballistic parts, which makes its weight large, reduces elasticity and flexibility, which, consequently, makes such armor uncomfortable to use. In addition, this invention does not allow increasing the resistance of soft ballistic materials to the effects of trauma after ballistic armoring, especially in certain areas of vital parts of the human body, and does not .does not allow to increase the effective area of ballistic protection against penetration of the edges of rigid and soft ballistic armor elements. The main disadvantage of this solution is the preservation of the number of layers of ballistic material in soft and rigid structures. After pressing using different pressures, taking into account the pressing steps (3-5 times), the soft part of the ballistic armor element will be significantly thicker than the rigid part, which will provide a small degree of flexibility and convenience.The same number of layers of ballistic material applicable to the formation of the rigid part of the ballistic armor element, as well as the simultaneous presence of such a number of layers on almost the entire soft ballistic surface of the soft ballistic armor, does not allow to maintain the flexibility and elasticity of the greater part of the ballistic armor element and, therefore, does not allow to reduce the total weight of the ballistic armor element, which negatively affects the convenience of using the ballistic armor element.

[0022] The technical task of the present invention is to create such a design of a combined armor element which ensures an increase in ballistic protection in critical places (achieving "non-penetration" and minimizing the effect of trauma after ballistic armoring) and an increase in the effective ballistic protection area while maintaining ease of use.

[0023] The technical results obtained by combining all the essential features of the design, including its new functionalities, are:

[0024] - increase the effective ballistic protection surface and the resistance of the element combined armor against penetration and, at the same time, against the effect of trauma after ballistic armor, with the simultaneous preservation of flexibility and elasticity of the major part of the ballistic armor element, and, therefore, with the simultaneous preservation of the ease of use of the ballistic armor element without a significant increase in its weight;

[0025] - strengthening of ballistic protection against penetration and the effect of trauma matisms after ballistic armor at selected locations of the combined armor element, and, consequently, in selected vital parts of the wearer's body.

[0026] The present invention relates to a combined armor element formed from a flexible ballistic armor element and a rigid ballistic armor element, and the rigid ballistic armor element is arranged in a front portion of the combined armor element, while the flexible ballistic armor element is arranged in a rear portion of the combined armor element.

[0027] The novelty lies in the fact that the combined shielding element comprises one or more rigid shielding elements, each having a total surface area which is in less than a total surface area of the soft ballistic armor element, and the rigid armor element or the individual rigid armor elements and the soft ballistic armor element are interconnected such that they form a firm and uniform structure of one piece in each formed rigid ballistic portion of the combined armor element over an entire surface area or entire surfaces of the connection between the soft ballistic armor element and each of the rigid armor elements, and soft ballistic portions have a lower firmness and a lower thickness of a ballistic material than a firmness and a thickness of the combined armor element at the locations of the formed rigid ballistic portions.

[0028] Advantageously, the firm and uniform structure of a single piece at the location of the formed rigid ballistic part has a flat, straight or curved or rounded or complex anatomical shape with multiple radii.

[0029] Advantageously, the rear part of the combined shielding element comprises foam.

[0030] Advantageously, the combined shielding element comprises one or more rigid shielding elements which are arranged in a single region of the combined shielding element, the region being intended to protect a specific region of the human body close to a vital organ.

[0031] As already mentioned, in the most widespread designs of combined (semi-rigid) bulletproof vests, at least two ballistic materials (soft and rigid) are used, each of which is further "packed" in a waterproof bag and they are fixed together (sewn, welded) and arranged "in layers". Such a product is designed to protect the entire body. The similar "rigid and soft ballistic armor" mentioned earlier, based on the drawings and the description of the production process, also has a solid and rigid overall structure with only small areas of soft ballistic parts to allow certain flexibility to be retained and elasticity, which are nevertheless significantly limited in this design.As a result, said products are heavy and at the same time have little elasticity and flexibility, and therefore they are uncomfortable for long-term use and are uncomfortable for use, for example, in specific conditions, including "underwear" or for specialists in special units and divisions, when it is necessary to have light, flexible and elastic protection simultaneously with certain surfaces or with an area having an effective reinforced surface superior to ballistic protection with increased resistance to penetration and the effects of trauma after ballistic armor in certain vital parts of the wearer's body.

[0032] In the proposed invention, the combined armor element 1 contains one or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3, the total surface area of each of which is less than to the total surface of the soft ballistic armor element 2. That is, for the location of one or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3 in the composition of the combined ballistic armor element 1, only certain surfaces are chosen (in the areas of vital parts of the wearer's body), which must be reinforced "against" the total surface of the soft ballistic armor element 2.When relatively small rigid ballistic armor elements 3 are fixed with a soft ballistic armor element 2 to ensure the achievement of the maximum effect of increasing the effective surface area ballistic protection and strengthening the ballistic protection against penetration and against the effect of trauma after ballistic armor on the maximum surface in the location area of the rigid ballistic armor elements 3 it is not enough to perform known standard welding or gluing, or sewing, or another method of connecting the layers, as a result of which there will be gaps between these layers of ballistic materials, or even microscopic gaps, layers, voids.The presence of "overlays" in the design of any ballistic armor element with such spaces, interlayers, voids "deprives" each of the existing layers of ballistic materials of the opportunity to use its own ballistic properties simultaneously and in combination with the ballistic properties of the second ballistic armor element at the moment of impact of the bullet or fragment. That is, any plate of the rigid ballistic armor separated (completely disconnected) from a soft ballistic armor element included in the composition, for example, of a combined bulletproof vest, always loses the effective surface of ballistic protection along its edges, as already described earlier.And a soft ballistic armor element, separate (totally disconnected from a rigid ballistic armor element) and not reinforced by a rigid ballistic armor element entering into the composition, for example, of the same combined bulletproof vest, at least in certain vital areas, always has weak and insufficient protection against trauma after ballistic armor.

[0033] In the proposed invention, the rigid ballistic armor element 3 or several rigid ballistic armor elements 3 and the soft ballistic armor element 2 are connected to each other in such a way that in each part of the formed rigid ballistic armor 5 of the combined ballistic armor element 1 over the entire surface 4 or over all connecting surfaces 4 of the soft ballistic armor element 2 and each rigid ballistic armor element 3 they together form a dense and inseparable solid structure (each of which is a formed rigid ballistic armor piece 5), in particular on selected parts of the entire armor element 1 located in a small surface of a vital area (or in several small surfaces of vital areas) of the wearer's body. Thus, in the design of the combined armor element 1, on the surface of the soft ballistic armor element 2, appear solid surfaces - rigid ballistic armor parts 5, in which certain sections of the soft ballistic armor element 2 are reinforced by rigid ballistic armor elements 3, and which acquire an increased effective surface of ballistic protection both over the entire surface of the rigid ballistic armor element 3 and at its edges.That is, due to the formation of an inseparable continuous structure of the soft ballistic armor elements 2 with the rigid elements 3, the effective area of ballistic protection increases at the locations of these connections, and, in particular, it increases at the edges of the rigid ballistic armor elements 3, where the penetration capacity by a bullet or fragment increases due to the continuous connection of the edges of the rigid ballistic armor elements 3 with the soft ballistic armor element 2, which, in general, when the two ballistic elements are continuously connected, increases the probable diameter of the effective area of ballistic protection when a bullet or fragment penetrates the edge of the rigid ballistic armor element 3.Thus, the rigid ballistic armor element 3 begins to "work" in combination with the soft ballistic armor element 2, "using" its useful ballistic properties, and the design of the combined armor element 1 acquires improved protective properties in the surfaces of the newly formed rigid ballistic armor parts 5, on their edges and around the edges too. At the same time, the soft ballistic armor element 2 in the same surfaces of the newly formed rigid ballistic armor parts 5, due to the formation of an inseparable continuous structure of soft ballistic armor elements 2 with rigid ballistic armor elements 3, acquires enhanced ballistic protection both against penetration and simultaneously against the effect of trauma after armoring.In other words, the soft ballistic armor element 2 (which is located as a rear layer of protection in the solid structure) begins to "work" in combination with the upper structural rigid ballistic armor element 3, simultaneously "using" its useful ballistic properties with its own useful properties - the rigidity and density of the hard ballistic armor element 3 "remove" the main destructive energy of the impactor, and the soft ballistic armor element 2 (after the rigid ballistic armor element) is already subjected to a much lower energy from the bullet or fragment.As a result, the design of the combined armor element 1 acquires improved protective properties and ballistic resistance at selected locations of the combined ballistic armor element and, therefore, at selected surfaces of vital parts of the wearer's body, which become more protected by the newly formed rigid ballistic armor parts 5 from both penetration and the effect of trauma after the ballistic armor.

[0034] In the proposed invention, unlike the specified analogues, the soft ballistic armor parts 6 have a density and thickness of ballistic material lower than the density and thickness of the combined armor element 1 in the places of formation of rigid ballistic armor parts 5, where different "high-capacity continuous structures of a soft ballistic armor element 2 and a rigid ballistic armor element 3".Considering that the surface area of each rigid ballistic armor element 3 is much smaller than the total surface area of the soft ballistic armor element 2, i.e., the rigid ballistic armor elements 3 are small - their total "layered surface area" can be significantly increased (many layers are stacked and compacted to form the rigid ballistic armor element 3 and, accordingly, a certain part of rigid ballistic armor 5) without losing the flexibility, elasticity and lightness of the entire combined armor element 1, the main area of which is the soft ballistic armor element 2. According to the well-known conditions of creation and "working" of rigid ballistic materials, the larger the total surface area of the layers of the ballistic material (the more the layers are compressed and compacted in height), the smaller its total surface area in the plane (length / width) can be.Thus, it becomes possible, depending on the required size of the plane of the rigid ballistic armor element 3, and, consequently, on the size of the plane of a certain rigid ballistic armor part 5, to select the necessary number of compacted layers, and, consequently, to form the necessary rigidity and density of these surfaces (rigid ballistic armor parts 5), which, in order to most effectively achieve ballistic resistance, must always have a density and thickness greater than the density and thickness of the soft ballistic armor element 2. At the same time, the rigid ballistic armor element is placed in a vertical section in the upper (frontal) part of the combined armor element, and the soft ballistic armor element is in the lower (rear) part and is not fixed in the upper part to improve flexibility.

[0035] Thus, all the mentioned essential features of the present invention make it possible to create a design of a combined armor element which provides an increase in the effective surface area of ballistic protection and resistance of a rigid ballistic armor element against penetration and an increase in the effective surface area of ballistic protection and resistance of the soft ballistic material against the action of trauma after the ballistic armor.

[0036] In certain cases of implementation of the present invention, the continuous dense structure inseparable in place of each piece of rigid ballistic armor formed 5 can have a complex anatomical shape straight, flat, curved, rounded or with multiple radii. Such a constructive solution makes it possible to integrate elements of 3 rigid ballistic armor around different parts of the wearer's body - chest, stomach, shoulders, in other places to achieve convenience and ergonomics of product operation.

[0037] In addition, in some construction cases, the combined armor element 1 in the rear portion may contain a foam material, which constitutes an additional layer to reduce injuries to a person after hitting elements, in particular to reduce the effect of non-obstructive injuries.

[0038] Depending on the future destination and application of the product, in some cases, the combined armor element 1 may contain one or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3 located in a surface of this combined armor element 1, which is intended to protect a specific part of the human body in the areas of a vital organ.

[0039] The specified additional constructive features of the design make it possible to improve and develop the achievement of technical results, achieved thanks to the main essential features of the present invention.

[0040] A brief description and drawings of the proposed invention.

[0041] The practical implementation and industrial capability of the combined shielding element are explained by the schematic drawings of the design, in which:

[0042] [Fig. 1] shows a front view of the combined shielding element;

[0043] [Fig.2] shows a photo of the appearance of the combined shielding element on the layout

[0044] [Fig.3] shows a photo of the result of the test of the combined shielding element (in the rigid ballistic armor part 5) for ballistic resistance and the extent of trauma after ballistic armor - there is no penetration, the depth of "trauma" is less than 10 mm (points 7, 8).

[0045] Specifications, the list of the main structural elements of the device.

[0046] 1 - combined shielding element;

[0047] 2 - flexible ballistic armor element;

[0048] 3 - rigid ballistic armor element;

[0049] 4 - the surface of the dense and inseparable continuous structure formed from the element ba soft list 2 and rigid ballistic armor element 3;

[0050] 5 - rigid ballistic armor part of the combined armor element 1;

[0051] 6 - soft ballistic armor parts of the combined armor element 1;

[0052] 7.8- the places of deepening of the trauma after ballistic shielding on [Fig.3].

[0053] Description of the design and operation of the present invention.

[0054] The combined armor element 1 is formed of a flexible ballistic armor element 2 and one or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3 ([Fig.l]). The su total surface area of one or each of several rigid ballistic armor elements 3 is less than the total surface area of the soft ballistic armor element 2. One or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3 are always located in the frontal part of the combined ballistic armor element 1, and, therefore, the soft ballistic armor element 2 is located in the rear part of the combined ballistic armor element 1. In some implementation cases, the combined ballistic armor element 1 in the rear part contains a foam material located as an additional layer behind the soft ballistic armor element 2 to reduce the traumatic effect of the intervention of the impactor.

[0055] According to the present invention, a rigid ballistic armor element 3 or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3 and a soft ballistic armor element 2 are connected in such a way that in each rigid ballistic armor portion 5 formed by these two ballistic armor elements 2 and 3, a dense and inseparable continuous structure is formed on the entire surface 4 or more surfaces 4 of the connection of the soft ballistic armor element 2 and each rigid ballistic armor element 3, which is the rigid ballistic armor portion 5. At the same time, the rigid ballistic armor element 3 (or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3) and the soft ballistic armor element 2 are connected in such a way that the specified formed dense and inseparable continuous structure does not contain even microscopic spaces, gaps, voids between layers of ballistic materials.Thus, solid surfaces - rigid ballistic armor pieces 5 appear on the surface of the soft ballistic armor element 2 ([Fig.l]), in which the sections of the soft ballistic armor element 2 are reinforced by the ballistic armor armor elements 3. The surfaces of the soft ballistic armor element 2, which are not reinforced by rigid ballistic armor elements 3, are soft ballistic armor pieces 6 ([Fig.l]).By means of the described connection, the rigid ballistic armor elements 3 acquire an increased effective area of ballistic protection over the entire surface of the rigid ballistic armor element 3 and along its edges, and the soft ballistic armor element 2 in the areas of the newly formed rigid ballistic armor parts 5, by means of the formation of an inseparable continuous structure, acquires increased ballistic protection against penetration and against the effects of trauma after ballistic armoring.

[0056] In the composition of the combined armor element 1, the soft ballistic armor parts 6 have a lower density and thickness of ballistic material than the density and thickness of the combined armor element 1 in the places where the rigid ballistic armor parts 5 are formed, exactly where a continuous and voluminous structure of soft ballistic armor element 2 and rigid ballistic armor element 3. This allows you to preserve the flexibility, elasticity and lightness of the entire combined armor element 1, the main area of which consists of soft ballistic armor parts 6.

[0057] In certain cases of implementation of the present invention, the continuous dense structure inseparable at the place (or at the several places) of each formed rigid ballistic armor piece 5 can have a complex anatomical shape straight, flat, curved, rounded or with multiple radii. This makes it possible to make the combined armor element 1 more ergonomic and user-friendly.

[0058] Also, in some cases of implementing the design for the protection of a specific part of the human body at a vital organ, the combined armor element 1 may contain one or more rigid ballistic armor elements 3 located in a surface of the combined armor element 1. This allows during production to determine and choose the required protection area of a specific area of the combined armor element 1 from small (with one rigid ballistic armor element 3) to increased (with several rigid ballistic armor elements 3) while maintaining the flexibility of the entire structure.

[0059] The proposed design allows to create different ballistic resistance characteristics of the rigid ballistic armor parts 5 during production, depending on the purpose and future use conditions of the combined armor element 1. This is achieved by choosing different materials of the rigid ballistic armor element 3 and the number of their layers to form the rigid ballistic armor parts 5.

[0060] The combined shielding element 1 operates as follows.

[0061] The proposed design is aimed at increasing ballistic protection in critical areas, i.e. in one or more areas of the vital parts of the human body which, due to the design features, are reinforced by rigid ballistic armor elements 3 "in the background" of the total surface of the soft ballistic armor element 2. Thus, all areas of the soft ballistic armor parts 6 of the combined armor element 1 "work" in a standard manner when striking striking elements - as already indicated and described - they come from the protection against pistol bullets and low-speed non-sharp fragments.

[0062] Solid areas are formed as rigid ballistic armor pieces 5, where certain surfaces of the soft ballistic armor element 2 reinforced by rigid ballistic armor elements 3 have an increased effective ballistic protection surface both over the entire surface of the rigid ballistic armor element 3 and at its edges. Due to the continuous connection of the soft ballistic armor element 2 and the rigid ballistic armor element 3, the material- physical between them and, as a result, the effectiveness of protection and the extension of the area of action (in particular, along the edges) of the rigid ballistic armor element 3 are significantly improved. When a high-speed bullet or sharp fragment hits the rigid ballistic armor parts 5, it is clear that the rigid ballistic armor element 3 "works" primarily as an independent ballistic armor element, while "working" together with the soft ballistic armor element 2, also "using" its useful ballistic properties. At the same time, the soft ballistic armor element 2 in the areas of the rigid ballistic armor parts 5, thanks to the formation of an inseparable continuous structure, also has enhanced ballistic protection against penetration and at the same time against the effect of trauma after the ballistic armor.The soft ballistic armor element 2 also begins to "work" in conjunction with the upper structural element of the hard ballistic armor element 3, "using" its useful ballistic properties along with its own useful properties.

[0063] The formed rigid ballistic armor parts 5 provide the following after the impact of a striking element:

[0064] - impenetrability at the main area of each part of the shielding ba rigid list 5;

[0065] - impenetrability at the edges of each piece of rigid ballistic armor 5

[0066] - reduction of the effect of trauma after ballistic shielding over the entire surface of each part of rigid ballistic armor 5.

[0067] The small area of the rigid ballistic armor pieces 5 is designed to protect critical areas of the wearer's body, while the large total area of the soft ballistic armor element 2 allows for the preservation of flexibility, elasticity and a relatively low weight of the combined armor element 1.

[0068] Thus, due to the combination and continuous connection between the soft ballistic armor element 2 and the rigid ballistic armor element 3, due to the ratio of their surfaces, due to the formation of rigid ballistic armor parts 5, which have a dense and inseparable continuous structure, due to the presence of soft ballistic armor parts 6, the density and thickness of the ballistic material of which are less than the density and thickness of the combined armor element 1 at the location of the formed hard ballistic armor parts 5 we can obtain:

[0069] - strengthening of ballistic protection against penetration and against the effect of a trauma after ballistic armour at selected locations of the combined armour element, and therefore in selected vital parts of the body of the bearer;

[0070] - increase in the effective area of ballistic protection and resistance of the combined armor element 1 against penetration and at the same time against the action of trauma after preventive ballistic armor at certain selected locations of the combined armor element, and, therefore, in certain selected vital parts of the wearer's body;

[0071] - preservation of the flexibility and elasticity of the major part of the element of ballistic armor;

[0072] - preserve the convenience of use of the armor element without significantly increasing tively its weight.

[0073] The industrial suitability and achievement of technical results when using the combined shielding element 1 have been repeatedly proven during experimental tests of the product in practice.

[0074] The results of these tests are shown in Figures 2 and 3, where the models show the depth of the imprints of shots from a pistol bullet (brand pistol "TT") in the rigid ballistic armor part 5 of the combined armor element 1 - where the depth of the imprints of trauma after ballistic armor is less than 10 mm.

[0075] An example of a specific industrial implementation and operation of the present proposed invention is given above as an example of best practice.

[0076] The proposed combined armor element meets all the requirements for its operation and use, as well as generally accepted safety rules for the operation of such structures in combat conditions.

Claims

Claims

1. A combined armor element (1) formed of a soft ballistic armor element (2) and a rigid ballistic armor element (3), and the rigid ballistic armor element (3) is arranged in a front portion of the combined armor element (1), while the soft ballistic armor element (2) is arranged in a rear portion of the combined armor element (1), characterized in that the combined armor element (1) comprises one or more rigid armor elements (3), each having a total surface area which is less than a total surface area of the soft ballistic armor element (2),and the rigid armor element (3) or the individual rigid armor elements (3) and the soft ballistic armor element (2) are interconnected in such a way that they form a firm and uniform integral structure in each rigid ballistic part (5) formed of the combined armor element (1) on an entire surface (4) or entire surfaces (4) of the connection between the soft ballistic armor element (2) and each of the rigid armor elements (3), and soft ballistic parts (6) have a lower firmness and a lower thickness of a ballistic material than a firmness and a thickness of the combined armor element (1) at the locations of the rigid ballistic parts (5) formed.,

2. Combined armor element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the firm and uniform structure of a single piece at the location of the rigid ballistic part (5) formed has a flat, straight or curved or rounded or complex anatomical shape with multiple radii.

3. Combined shielding element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that its rear part comprises a foam.

4. A combined shielding element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises one or more rigid shielding elements (3) which are arranged in a single region of the combined shielding element (1), the region being intended to protect a specific region of the human body close to a vital organ.