COLORING A TEXTILE PRODUCT USING PIGMENTS FROM THE CLAY COURT OF A TENNIS COURT

Abstract

The present invention relates to a colored textile product, characterized in that it is dyed with a coloring composition comprising, as pigments, hematite and a red clay powder baked in the oven originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a textile, as well as its use in making a garment, an item of footwear, household linen or a textile for furnishing. No figure for the abstract

Description

Title of the invention: COLORING OF A TEXTILE PRODUCT USING PIGMENTS OF THE CLAY COURT OF A TENNIS COURT Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a textile product colored using pigments from the clay of a tennis court. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a textile, as well as its use for producing a garment, an item of footwear, household linen or a textile for furnishing. Technical background

[0002] Athletes who play on clay tennis courts often come into contact with the ground of these courts, other than by stepping on the ground with their feet. For example, when tennis players catch the ball sent by their opponent, they may find themselves in unbalanced positions that can lead them to slip, skid or even fall during a match. In these cases, parts of their body other than their feet, in particular their torso or legs, come into contact with the ground, which results in staining their clothes when they touch the ground.

[0003] In this context, the Applicant discovered, during washing tests on sports clothing stained by red clay, that these stains were stubborn, although the color faded and that reddish stains, particularly on white textiles, resisted a high washing temperature of 60 degrees Celsius (°C). Based on these tests, it developed a new process for dyeing textiles using natural pigments from the clay of tennis courts. Indeed, major sporting events, such as tennis tournaments, particularly Grand Slam tournaments, are events which generally attract a very large number of spectators and to which the population is very attached.The public at these events very often wears clothing and accessories bearing the image of the athletes or the place where these competitions take place, which clothing is worn not only during the competition, but also outside, in everyday life.

[0004] Methods of dyeing textiles using natural pigments are certainly known to those skilled in the art.

[0005] Patent application JP2003129390 teaches in particular a method of dyeing textiles using pigments from the red clay soil of the island of Okinawa in Japan. This patent application JP2003129390 discloses in particular a dyeing process of red clothing, using red earth from a specific geographical location.

[0006] But this patent application does not teach how to dye a textile in such a way as to obtain the exact coloration of the red earth selected on the textile thus dyed.

[0007] However, the Applicant has succeeded in reproducing in a textile coloring an ochre shade which is identical, substantially identical or similar to that of the clay of a tennis court to color textiles and provide a lasting color over time to the colored textile thus obtained. Summary of the invention

[0008] For this purpose, the present invention relates to a colored textile product, dyed with a coloring composition comprising as pigments hematite and a baked red clay powder originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court. When the term baked red clay powder is used for coloring said clay tennis court, this means that it is the same baked red clay powder used for coloring said clay tennis court that is used, that is to say that it is the powder used for making the surface layer of said clay tennis court that is used, since it is this powder that provides the coloring, but it does not come directly from the sports field.Indeed, within the scope of the invention, the kiln-fired red clay powder can be recovered directly from the surface layer of a clay tennis court or correspond to this same kiln-fired red clay powder, but before the latter has been spread on the tennis court. The inventors use the clay that comes directly from the clay manufacturer for the courts of the selected tournament, as a pigment in the coloring, in combination with hematite. It can also use the clay that has already been used to make the courts, and which has therefore been walked on by the athletes, in particular the clay from the previous year's tournament. The clay of tennis courts consists of crushed products that are made of kiln-fired clay, typically bricks and / or tiles and / or pots. Firing the clay reveals the oxides and gives a darker color than the initial clay.Hematite in the coloring makes it possible to reveal and strengthen, if necessary, the color of the baked clay powder. Within the framework of the invention, the inventor proposes to use in combination with hematite the baked red clay powder as is, in a textile coloring, after adjusting its particle size to be compatible with an industrial coloring process.

[0009] In particular, the invention relates to a colored textile product, dyed with a coloring composition comprising as pigments hematite and a powder of baked crushed clay bricks from a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the clay tennis court is a Roland Garros tennis court. Other examples include the tennis courts of the Monaco or Madrid tournaments.

[0011] The Applicant was faced with the challenge of developing a coloring composition for dyeing textiles, and in particular the textiles that it manufactures, based on pigments specifically derived from the local environment of a sporting event on clay tennis courts, which is sufficiently strong to pass its own quality specifications. In other words, this invention has made it possible to manufacture a colored / dyed textile product whose color has acceptable and sufficient fastness and durability for the marketing of this textile product, while taking into account the constraint that the colored pigments used to dye this textile product must be derived from the sporting event / local geographical location association.

[0012] The invention allows the public at a sporting event to have a textile dyed in a color directly referring to the location of this event, by reproducing the shade or a shade similar to the color of the clay tennis courts at the event.

[0013] In the context of the invention, a portion of the pigments in the coloring composition come from a clay tennis court or are pigments used for coloring this tennis court. A clay court is composed of several layers, essentially from top to bottom:

[0014] - a surface layer, which is often called, itself, clay, made with bricks (or another product made from kiln-fired red clay, such as tiles or pots) crushed from kiln-fired red clay. Using a kiln-fired clay product that is crushed results in a layer of stronger particles with a fairly high particle size, which can be as small as 1 mm. This layer, usually about 2 cm thick, adds color to the tennis court and allows the player to glide across the court. Crushed bricks are therefore the pigments used to color a clay tennis court.

[0015] - a layer, generally 7 to 10 cm thick, of limestone. This layer constitutes the playing field.

[0016] - a layer of slag, which allows the irrigation water to be stored and returned to the upper layers.

[0017] Since the invention aims to reproduce the color of the tennis court, part of the pigments used in the coloring composition are those constituting the surface layer of a tennis court, namely a baked red clay powder.

[0018] A portion of the pigments used in the coloring composition is tennis court clay which is made up of crushed products made from kiln-fired clay, typically bricks and / or tiles and / or pots, the particle size of which has been reduced before being incorporated into the coloring composition. In this context (relating to the search for an ochre coloring which is identical, substantially identical or similar to that of a clay tennis court), it will be possible in particular to use a coloring composition comprising, as pigments, hematite and a powder of crushed clay bricks baked in the oven.

[0019] In particular, the clay of the Roland Garros tennis courts is made of crushed clay bricks baked in a kiln.

[0020] Regardless of the embodiment of the present invention, said kiln-fired red clay powder, typically said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, may have a particle size of between 200 μm and 300 μm, and preferably of the order of 250 μm.

[0021] This particular granulometry presents a notable advantage, because it allows the industrial production of very large quantities of brick powder in a homogeneous manner.

[0022] Depending on the nature of the clay constituting the crushed bricks used as pigments (minerals) in the coloring composition, an ochre shade is obtained, oscillating between an orange-yellow and a dark red. In the context of the invention, to obtain a colored textile whose shade is identical or as close as possible to the shade of the clay of the tennis court, the kiln-fired red clay powder is combined with hematite. Hematite makes it possible to compensate for the whitening which occurs due to the lowering of the particle size of the kiln-fired red clay powder, typically of said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, used for the manufacture of the surface layer of the tennis court or present in the surface layer of the tennis court (when it is directly recovered from the tennis court).Indeed, the particle size of the kiln-fired red clay powder, typically of said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, used for the manufacture of the surface layer of the tennis court or present in the surface layer of the tennis court is quite coarse and irregular, and can reach 1 mm, and is therefore much higher than the particle size of the powder advantageously used in the coloring of textiles. Indeed, in the context of the invention, the inventor had to adjust the particle size of the kiln-fired red clay powder, typically of said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, so that it is compatible with the production of coloring on an industrial scale and which leads to a homogeneous and durable coloring. However, the inventor did not adopt a particle size as fine (generally less than or equal to 50 μm) as that used. conventionally in textile dyes based on mineral pigments (see for example JP 5 951932 and JP H08 176965), because this would have really changed the color obtained. Also, a particle size range between 200 pm and 300 pm, and preferably of the order of 250 pm, has been favored, in association with hematite, more precisely with hematite powder. The amount of hematite is adjusted to compensate for the whitening resulting from the lowering of the particle size of said kiln-fired red clay powder, typically said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder. The hematite used in the context of the invention has a particle size less than or equal to 50 pm, typically is 0.1 to 50 pm.Thus, the kiln-fired red clay powder, typically the powder of kiln-fired crushed clay bricks, originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court, is previously ground to lower its particle size and advantageously obtain the desired particle size, before being used as pigments in the textile coloring composition.

[0023] According to a specific example of the invention, said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder used is derived from red bricks from the north of France, which are particularly known for their very pronounced red hues. To make these bricks, the clay is kiln-fired, which allows the oxides present in it to be revealed. It is then the defective bricks which are used and finely ground to make the clay which will be used on tennis courts.

[0024] The Applicant's aim was very specifically to preserve the original shade of the clay which actually covers the tennis courts, without deviating from it.

[0025] Thus, within the framework of the invention, hematite, more precisely hematite powder, was added to the coloring composition. This component makes it possible to preserve the original shade of the clay of the selected tennis court or at least to obtain a similar shade, by simply reinforcing the tone and thus compensating for the lightening observed by the lowering of the particle size, for an optimal visual result on the final dyed textile. Indeed, the finer the brick powder, and more generally the pigments, are ground, the lighter the final shade of the textile based on these pigments will be. It was therefore necessary to enhance the color of the dyed textile, by adding hematite to the coloring composition, so that this color is as close as possible, and ideally equivalent, to the color of the clay of the selected court.

[0026] Said baked red clay powder and hematite may be the only pigments in the coloring composition.

[0027] Advantageously, said kiln-fired red clay powder, typically said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder and hematite are provided in the coloring composition via a mixture consisting of 60 to 80% by weight of powder of kiln-fired red clay, typically kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder and 20 to 40% by weight of hematite, in particular, 70% by weight of kiln-fired red clay powder, typically kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, and 30% by weight of hematite. In other words, the dye composition used for dyeing the textile comprises 60 to 80% by weight of kiln-fired red clay powder, typically kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder and 20 to 40% by weight of hematite, in particular, it comprises 70% by weight of kiln-fired red clay powder, typically kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, and 30% by weight of hematite.

[0028] In the context of the invention, the colored textile product may be composed of natural and / or artificial fibers (in particular transformed cellulosic fibers) and / or synthetic fibers (in particular of petroleum origin, polyamide, polyester, etc.), preferably cotton, preferably white to unbleached in color.

[0029] In particular, the invention relates to colored textile products as previously defined which meet the following requirements: - Requirements for color fastness to domestic and industrial washing in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-C06 June 2010 and assessment according to the ISO 105-C06 method, and / or - Colour fastness requirements to sweat in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-E04 June 2013 and assessment according to the ISO 105-E04 method, and / or - Requirements for color fastness to water in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-E01 June 2013 and assessment according to the ISO 105-E01 method, and / or - Colour fastness requirements to rubbing in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-X12 September 2016 and assessment according to method ISO 105-XI2, and / or - Requirements for color fastness to artificial light, under xenon arc lamp, in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-B02 November 2014 and evaluation according to method ISO 105-B02, method no. 2.

[0030] The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a colored textile product according to the invention, comprising the following steps: - introduction of a textile product to be colored into a hot water bath at a temperature of 65 to 75°C, typically 70°C, the hot water bath further comprising as pigments hematite and a red clay powder baked in an oven originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court; - mixing of pigments and textile product in a finished product dyeing machine, by stirring the drum of the finished product dyeing machine, during a duration of between 6 hours and 9 hours, preferably between 7 hours and 8 hours, to obtain a wet colored textile product; - drying of the wet colored textile product.

[0031] The step of mixing the pigments (for example clay powder from crushed clay bricks baked in the oven, with hematite) and the textiles in the water bath at a temperature of 65 to 75°C, typically 70°C, with agitation by the drum of the dyeing machine, will allow the pigments to be deposited and pre-fixed by friction on the surface of the textile fibers.

[0032] The drying step allows the pigments pre-fixed to the surface of the textile fibers to then be completely fixed. In particular, the method for manufacturing a colored textile product according to the invention comprises, upstream of step a), the following steps: i. Providing a red clay powder baked in the oven originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court, ii. Carrying out a grinding operation of said kiln-fired red clay powder, in particular to obtain a powder with a particle size of between 200 pm and 300 pm, and preferably a particle size of the order of 250 pm, said powder being used in step a).

[0033] As said previously, regarding step i), the kiln-fired red clay powder, typically the clay powder of kiln-fired crushed clay bricks, may be recovered directly from the surface layer of a clay tennis court or correspond to this same kiln-fired red clay powder, but before the latter has been spread on the tennis court, in other words, it comes directly from the manufacturer of clay used for the tennis court in question.

[0034] Concerning step ii), the grinding step makes it possible to reduce the particle size of the kiln-baked red clay powder originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said initial clay tennis court. It can be carried out by any suitable mechanical grinding means. The particle size is then adjusted, by filtration, in particular by passing the ground powder obtained between sieves with a suitable cut-off threshold, to maintain a powder of relatively homogeneous size, with a particle size of between 200 μm and 300 μm, and preferably a particle size of around 250 μm.

[0035] In the context of the invention, by granulometry is meant, in particular, the largest size of at least 80% of the particles present in the powder, in particular measured by microscopy.

[0036] The granulometry used makes it possible, on the one hand, not to clog the machines used during coloring because such a granulometry prevents the formation of aggregates. In addition, it leads to obtaining a uniform color on the textile. The process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a colored textile having a coloring which is identical or substantially identical to that of the clay of the tennis court from which the baked red clay powder is derived or which is used for coloring said tennis court.

[0037] A plant-based softening step can be implemented at the end of the dyeing process, by applying aloe vera. In addition, as in any textile coloring process, a preliminary step of the latter with a mordant which allows the color to be better fixed can be implemented. For this, the textile is, for example, placed in an aqueous solution comprising a mordant, typically a metal salt, such as an aluminum salt (for example, KA1(SO4)2, also called alum), then removed, without intermediate drying, before the application of step a).

[0038] This textile dyeing process according to the invention has a positive impact on the environment, since the use of synthetic chemicals is reduced, compared to conventional textile dyeing processes. In addition, the discharges from this process according to the invention, in particular the water discharges, have been analyzed as being non-harmful.

[0039] The invention also relates to colored textile products capable of being obtained by a process according to the invention.

[0040] The present invention also relates to the use of the colored textile product according to the invention, to produce an item of clothing (for example of the polo shirt, T-shirt, sweatshirt or cap type), an item of footwear, household linen or a textile for furnishing (for example of the hanging, wall covering, seat cover type, etc.).

[0041] All the characteristics and embodiments described for the colored textiles according to the invention apply, in the same way, to the manufacturing processes and uses according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention

[0042] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the reading of the detailed description for the understanding of which reference will be made to the following examples. EXAMPLES

[0043] Example 1: Preparation of a coloring composition according to the invention and dyeing of cotton textiles

[0044] Unbleached cotton textile products were dyed in accordance with the process according to the invention. A first phase of the process consisted of preparing the textiles. For this purpose, they were brought into contact with a first composition, described in Table 1 below:

[0045] [Tables 1] Ingredients Contents Water at 95°C 10 L / kg of textile Soap 1.5 g / L of water Carbonate 8 mL / L of water Acetic acid 0.7 g / L of water Mordant (Alum) 90 g / kg of textile

[0046] The soap of this composition is used to remove oils from the knitting process of textile products.

[0047] Carbonate is a wetting agent, that is to say it makes textiles hydrophilic.

[0048] The mordant allows it to adhere to the textiles like an undercoat, that is to say it covers the textiles before the dye is applied, to allow the dye pigments to fix optimally.

[0049] Then, a second phase of the process consisted of dyeing the prepared textiles. For this, these textiles were brought into contact with a second composition, which is a coloring composition, the composition of which is given in Table 2 below:

[0050] [Tables2] Ingredients Contents Water between 50°C and 70°C 10 L / kg of textile Red brick powder from the north of France, with a grain size of 250 pm, from the grounds of the Roland Garros tennis tournament 70 g / kg of textile Hematite (grain size less than 50 pm) 30 g / kg of textile

[0051] The 250 pm particle size of the red brick powder from northern France originating from the Roland Garros tennis tournament grounds, which had a coarse particle size of up to 1 mm, was previously adjusted by a grinding operation, followed by filtration.

[0052] During this second dyeing phase, the following procedure was followed: - introduction of the textile products to be colored into a hot water bath whose composition is given in Table 1 and whose temperature is 70°C for cotton textiles, for scouring; - mixing of pigments and textile products in a finished product dyeing machine, by agitating the drum of this machine, to deposit the pigments on the cotton textiles by rubbing the textile fibers in an aqueous medium; - drying of wet colored textile products.

[0053] It will be appropriate to adapt the composition of this second coloring composition to dye textiles other than cotton, such as textiles made of wool, acrylic, polyester, polyamide, linen, hemp or acetate.

[0054] Tests were then carried out on the fastness of the colours obtained.

[0055] Example 2: Color fastness tests for dyed cotton textile products according to example 1

[0056] The procedures for each type of test and their results are described and presented in Examples 2a to 2e which follow.

[0057] Example 2a: tests of color fastness to domestic and industrial washing

[0058] Test conditions:

[0059] The tests in example 2a were carried out in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-C06 June 2010, and according to the ISO 105-C06 method.

[0060] Cotton textile products dyed according to example 1 were brought into contact, in an instrument with the trade name Linitest, which is an instrument comprising a container containing water which acts as a water bath, at a temperature of 40°C, with textiles of different natures, and which are the following:

[0061] - wool,

[0062] - acrylic,

[0063] - polyester,

[0064] - polyamide,

[0065] - cotton, and

[0066] - acetate.

[0067] The bleeding of the textiles dyed according to the invention and their degradation were analyzed.

[0068] Results:

[0069] The results are given in the following table 3:

[0070] [Tables3] Discoloration rating Degradation rating Textiles Requirements Results Requirement Result wool >4 5 >4 4-5 acrylic >4 5 polyester >4 5 polyamide >4 5 cotton >4 4-5 acetate >4 5 Example 2b: Color fastness tests to sweat

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] The tests in example 2b were carried out in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-E04 June 2013 and according to the ISO 105-E04 method. Cotton textile products dyed according to Example 1 were brought into contact, in an oven, with textiles of a different nature, which are the same as those of Example 2a above. The bleeding of textiles dyed according to the invention and their degradation were analyzed. The results are given in the following table 4: [Tables4] Bleeding rating Degradation rating Textiles Requirements Acid sweat results Basic sweat results Requirement Acid sweat results Basic sweat results Wool >3-4 5 5 >3-4 4-5 4-5 Acrylic >3-4 5 4-5 Polyester >3-4 5 5 Polyamide >3-4 5 5 Cotton >3-4 4-5 4-5 Acetate >3-4 5 5 Example 2c: Water-based color fastness tests The tests in example 2c were carried out in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-E01 June 2013 and according to the ISO 105-E01 method. The test conditions are the same as for the previous example 2b. The results are given in the following table 5: [Tables 5] Discoloration rating Degradation rating Textiles Requirements Results Requirement Result Wool >4 5 >4 4-5 Acrylic >4 4-5 Polyester >4 5 Polyamide >4 5 cotton >4 4-5 acetate >4 5

[0082] Example 2d: tests of color fastness to rubbing

[0083] The tests in example 2d were carried out in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-X12 September 2016, and according to the ISO 105-X12 method.

[0084] Cotton textiles dyed according to the invention, respectively dry and wet, were placed on a crockmeter, which is an instrument for evaluating the resistance of colors to rubbing. A load of 9 Newton (N) + / - 0.2 N was applied, the diameter of the rubbing pin being 16 mm + / - 0.1 mm. The rubbings were carried out in the lengthwise and widthwise directions of the textiles.

[0085] The results are given in the following table 6:

[0086] [Tableauxô] Dry Wet Requirements >4 >3 Results 4 3

[0087] Example 2e: tests of color fastness to artificial light (xenon arc lamp)

[0088] The tests were carried out in accordance with standard NF EN ISO 105-B02 November 2014, and according to method ISO 105-B02, method no. 2.

[0089] Cotton textiles dyed according to the invention were placed in a machine with the trade name Xenotest Alpha.

[0090] The results are given in the following table 7:

[0091] [Tables7] Requirement >4 Degradation rating 7

[0092] All of the discoloration and degradation results of Examples 2a to 2e above illustrate that the textiles dyed according to the invention correspond to the expected requirements associated with them, which demonstrates their total conformity in terms of color fastness and durability. Textiles dyed according to the invention can therefore be used without the risk of their color fading, and without the risk of transferring their color to other textiles with which they come into contact.

Claims

Claims

1. Colored textile product, characterized in that it is dyed with a coloring composition comprising as pigments hematite and a baked red clay powder originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court.

2. Coloured textile product according to claim 1, characterised in that it is dyed with a colouring composition comprising, as pigments, hematite and a powder of crushed clay bricks baked in an oven originating from a clay tennis court and / or used for colouring said clay tennis court.

3. A colored textile product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clay tennis court is a Roland Garros tennis court.

4. A colored textile product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said kiln-fired red clay powder, typically said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, has a particle size of between 200 pm and 300 pm, and preferably a particle size of the order of 250 pm.

5. A colored textile product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hematite has a particle size of less than or equal to 50 pm.

6. A colored textile product according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said kiln-fired red clay powder, typically said kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, and said hematite are provided in said coloring composition via a mixture consisting of 60 to 80% by weight of kiln-fired red clay powder, typically kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, and 20 to 40% by weight of hematite, in particular, 70% by weight of kiln-fired red clay powder, typically kiln-fired crushed clay brick powder, and 30% by weight of hematite.

7. Coloured textile product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, composed of natural and / or artificial fibres, preferably cotton, preferably white or unbleached in colour.

8. A method of manufacturing a colored textile product as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: a) introducing a textile product to be colored into a hot water bath at a temperature of 65 to 75°C, typically 70°C, said hot water bath further comprising, as pigments, hematite and a kiln-baked red clay powder, typically a powder of kiln-baked crushed clay bricks, originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court; b) mixing said pigments and said textile product in a finished product dyeing machine, by stirring the drum of said finished product dyeing machine, for a period of between 6 hours and 9 hours, preferably between 7 hours and 8 hours, to obtain a wet colored textile product; c) drying said wet colored textile product.

9. Manufacturing method according to claim 8, comprising upstream of step a), the following steps: i. Providing a kiln-fired red clay powder, typically a powder of kiln-fired crushed clay bricks, originating from the surface layer of a clay tennis court and / or used for coloring said clay tennis court, ii. Carrying out a grinding operation of said kiln-fired red clay powder, typically said powder of kiln-fired crushed clay bricks, in particular to obtain a powder with a particle size of between 200 μm and 300 μm, and preferably a particle size of the order of 250 μm, said powder being used in step a).

10. Use of said colored textile product as defined according to any one of claims 1 to 7, for producing a garment, an item of footwear, household linen or a textile for furnishing.