Illuminatable laminated glass for vehicles, vehicles with such illuminable laminated glass

Abstract

The invention relates to an illuminable laminated vehicle glazing comprising a guiding layer, a liquid crystal cell with variable light absorption and diffusion, the liquid crystal cell containing an electroactive layer (93) comprising liquid crystals, a polymer phase and dichroic dyes, and an optical insulating coating on a non-fluoropolymer carrier film or on the liquid crystal cell. Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Illuminatable laminated glazing for vehicles, vehicles with such illuminable laminated glazing

[0001] The present invention relates to an illuminable (and electrically controllable) laminated glazing for vehicles, in particular road vehicle glazing.

[0002] It is known to have multifunctional road vehicle roofs which can be illuminated by lighting, for example by light-emitting diodes, and which can be electrically controlled to obtain variable optical properties (in particular allowing opacification) by means of switchable functional elements integrated into the glazing, such as liquid crystals.

[0003] With regard to vehicle roof lighting, light-emitting diodes have been used for the glazed roofs of road vehicles, in particular panoramic laminated roofs with LED lighting as described in document WO2010049638. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced edge-on into the inner glazing forming a guide, the light being extracted from the glazing by a diffusing layer on the glazing.

[0004] To improve light extraction, document WO2015118279 proposes a luminous laminated vehicle roof incorporating, within the thermoplastic laminate interlayer, a fluoropolymer film at least 600 nm thick, with a refractive index n2 at 550 nm, the inner glass being a guiding layer with a refractive index n1, n1-n2 being at least 0.08, the fluoropolymer film then forming an optical insulator between the inner glass and a tinted element such as the outer glass. Such a luminous roof may further include an electrically controllable system with variable optical properties, in particular liquid crystals, below or above the optical insulator.

[0005] The present invention sought to develop an alternative laminated vehicle glazing that is both luminous and variable tint, without compromising the performance of each of the functions and without unduly complicating the manufacturing and / or the architecture.

[0006] To this end, the present invention relates to an illuminable (and electrically controllable) vehicle glazing, particularly for road vehicles (such as a roof, a side window, in particular an opening one, especially a rear window, particularly for cars but also trucks, public transport such as buses, coaches, etc.) comprising: - laminated glass, preferably curved, comprising: - a first transparent sheet, made of mineral glass (clear or tinted), with a first main face called face Fl (intended to be oriented towards the exterior of the vehicle), a second main face called face F2 and a first section, - a second transparent sheet, with a third main face called face F3, a fourth main face called face F4 and a second edge, - between the first and second sheets, a multilayer polymer laminate interlayer, comprising an upper (adhesive) interlayer on the second face and a lower (adhesive) interlayer on the third face, - between the upper and lower intercalated layers, a liquid crystal cell, in particular with variable tint (light to dark state and vice versa), a liquid crystal cell, with variable absorption and diffusion of light, comprising a first edge and containing an electroactive layer comprising liquid crystals, a polymer phase and (dissolved) dichroic dyes, preferably a so-called DDPDLC layer comprising droplets of liquid crystals mixed with (dissolved) dichroic dyes within a polymer phase, the electroactive layer between an upper (electrode) support, in particular dielectric and transparent, comprising an upper electrode, in particular transparent, and a lower (electrode) support, in particular dielectric and transparent, comprising a lower electrode, in particular transparent, the electroactive layer being between the lower and upper electrodes,the lower support being closer to face F3 than the upper support, in particular liquid crystal cell surrounded by a frame layer of the laminate interlayer (PVB-based), - a guide layer, with a refractive index ng in the visible, capable of guiding light by total internal reflection, in particular the internal guide layer comprising the second sheet and even the lower intercalated layer, or being on the fourth face F4 side (the guide layer then being called the external guide layer), - preferably a light source in optical coupling with the guidance layer (internal or external), preferably comprising a series of light-emitting diodes, in particular extending longitudinally (longitudinal series), - preferably means of light extraction (guided in the guide layer), preferably in the form of a diffusing coating, for example on the lower interlayer (PVB-based with or without plasticizers) - between the liquid crystal cell and the guide layer, an optical insulating layer, optically isolating the liquid crystal cell from the guide layer, optical insulating layer with a refractive index n2 in the visible, and with ng-n2 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, of submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400nm, The glazing also includes a coated substrate which comprises: - a transparent film called the carrier film, made of a material, preferably polymeric, distinct from a fluoropolymer (and even preferably from a cross-linked adhesive material), with a main front face Fa oriented towards face F2 and a main rear face Fb opposite and a second edge, of submillimeter thickness Ef, - an optical insulating coating which constitutes the optical insulating layer, made of a material comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer (possibly being a cross-linked material), on one of the front faces Fa or rear faces Fb, called the coated face, and another second edge.

[0007] The entire carrier film and optical insulating coating is said to be coated substrate.

[0008] The difference in index between the liquid crystal and dye phase and the phase Polymer matrix generates light scattering and therefore blurring. In particular, for DDPDLC, the polymer matrix has the same refractive index as the average refractive index of the liquid crystal / dye droplets, and their refractive indices differ when the liquid crystals are aligned in the ON state.

[0009] In a configuration, the most common one, the glazing is normally dark / blurry, when the power is off; it then becomes clear / transparent by the application of a voltage.

[0010] Conversely, laminated glazing can normally be clear / transparent (with maximum light transmission) in the absence of tension, and it becomes dark / blurry (with minimum light transmission) when tension is applied.

[0011] By “dark” state we mean a state in which the light transmission of the glazing in the corresponding area is lower than in the “light” state.

[0012] For example, a dark / blurry state of the liquid crystal cell may correspond to a light transmission of the liquid crystal cell less than or equal to 5%, or even less than or equal to 3%, and even less than or equal to 1%. A clear / transparent state of the liquid crystal cell may correspond to a light transmission of the liquid crystal cell greater than or equal to 10%, in particular greater than or equal to 15%, 20%, or 30%.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid crystal cell and / or the glazing with the liquid crystal cell has a blur of less than 7% or 5%, or even less than 2% in the transparent / clear state and greater than 95% or even 98% in the blurred / dark state, outside the light extraction zone.

[0014] The haze is measured using a Hazemeter, for example, the BYK® registered trademark Haze-Gard Plus 4725. The measurement is preferably carried out according to the standard method defined in the international standard ASTM DI003.

[0015] The liquid crystal cell in the dark state enhances the vision of the light extraction means.

[0016] Laminated road vehicle glazing, in particular a roof, may have a light transmission of at most 40% or even at most 28% and even at most 8% (in the clear glass), -and preferably at least 3%- in the clear state of the liquid crystal cell, And / or for laminated road vehicle glazing, in particular for a roof, the laminated glazing may have a light transmission of less than 1%, or even less than 0.1% in the dark state of the liquid crystal cell.

[0017] In particular for side glazing, especially rear and / or opening glazing, laminated glazing may have a light transmission of at most 70% - and preferably at least 30% - in the clear state of the liquid crystal cell,

[0018] - and / or, a light transmission of less than 3 or 2%, or even 0.1% in the state dark of the liquid crystal cell.

[0019] In the present text, light transmission is calculated from the transmission spectrum between 380 and 780 nm taking into account illuminant A and the CIE 1964 reference observer (10°).

[0020] In the following description, "hue" here means the coloured aspect in transmission, characterized in particular by one or more of the colourimetric coordinates L*, a*, b*, calculated from the spectrum in transmission between 380 and 780 nm taking into consideration the illuminant D65 as well as the CIE 1964 observer (10°).

[0021] In this description, roof and side glazing preferably refer to road vehicles. In particular, the side glazing is rear and even opening. Other examples include fixed rear side windows (quarter windows, etc.) or door windows (rear quarters).

[0022] In the present invention, edge and slice refer to the lateral edges (as opposed to the main faces). The "edge", or "slice", thus refers to the narrow side of a layer (sheet), which is located substantially transversely between the two main faces of a layer.

[0023] In the present invention, the lower visibility limit (lower visible line of the glazing or "belt line") is defined for a side (opening) window after installation in the door (and in the closed position). The lower visibility limit may be equal to or above this limit (depending on a lower masking strip).

[0024] Preferably, the refractive index of any layer according to the invention is defined for a reference value in a range from 550 to 630 nm, preferably to 600 nm. Preferably, the difference in refractive indices nl-n2 or n'l-n2 is verified for the entire visible spectral range of the light source.

[0025] Preferably, an electroactive layer is chosen, which is a DDPDLC (Dye-Doped Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal) layer, exhibiting a discontinuous phase of microscopic liquid crystal (LC) droplets within the continuous phase of the polymer matrix. The shapes, dimensions, and distribution of the microscopic droplets depend on numerous physicochemical parameters (and the phase separation process used).

[0026] When switched off, the DDPDLC scatters light in OFF mode due to the presence of microdroplets with a refractive index different from that of the polymer matrix. The DDPDLC also absorbs light due to the presence of dichroic dyes in the LC phase. The combination of these two properties results in a dark and blurred (opaque) appearance.

[0027] When lit, the dyes and LC are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the film and therefore the light is not (or only slightly) diffused, the refractive index corresponds to that of the polymer matrix, the absorption cross section is low, which leads to a transparent and clear appearance.

[0028] Examples of DDPDLC cells are described in application CN117567875.

[0029] The thickness of the electroactive layer, in particular DDPDLC, can be from 1 to 30 µm and even 5 µm, 1 µm, or 15 µm to 25 µm. The polymer is, for example, thermo- or UV-cured, such as a UV-cured urethane acrylate. For manufacturing purposes, a UV-curable urethane acrylate NOA65 from Norland can be cited.

[0030] One can also choose a PNLC cell (for "Polymer Network Liquid Crystal" in English) or a PSLC cell (for "Polymer stabilized liquid crystal").

[0031] The optical insulating coating may comprise (be made of) an organic or hybrid mineral matrix, with said index n2 preferably of at most 1.42 or 1.4 (in particular if ni or n' 1 of 1.51 to 1.53), optical insulating coating clear or possibly tinted by coloring agent (molecular or pigment).

[0032] The optical insulating coating may comprise at least 99% by weight of crosslinked polymer, optional photoinitiators, rheological agents.

[0033] The optical insulating coating is preferably deposited by liquid means.

[0034] The surface of the optical insulating coating (before assembly) is non-stick, requiring the use of a laminating interlayer. In particular, the surface is non-sticky to the touch when exposed to glass. Depending on the chosen deposition face, the upper or lower interlayer layer, or an additional interlayer layer of said laminating interlayer, is in adhesive contact with said surface, or the other upper or lower interlayer layer is in adhesive contact with said surface.

[0035] The optical insulating coating is in particular a varnish which can be obtained from a photocurable resin and with photoinitiators if necessary or Heat-curable, a two-component mixture, etc. A layer of curable resin is deposited on the (transparent) film, preferably a polymer. Once the material is cured, the free surface is not sticky.

[0036] In particular, the optical insulating coating comprises (is made of) a crosslinked polymer matrix with said index n2 preferably of at most 1.42 (or 1.4 or 1.35), matrix preferably among:

[0037] - polyacrylate-based polymers (for example, to have an index of refractive index of at most 1.42 or 1.4) with possible fluorinated function (to have the lowest possible refractive index), in particular urethane acrylate or fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate,

[0038] - or even silicone (for example with a refractive index of at most 1.4 or 1.3) including polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer, polyepoxides, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester.

[0039] Preferably the optical insulating coating is free of free silicone, of volatile silicone component (source of surface pollution).

[0040] The polyacrylate described herein refers to any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylate. The repeating unit may be substituted or unsubstituted within the permitted valence range. The acrylate polymer may be homopolymer and / or copolymer. In this text, polyacrylate comprises one or more polymethyl acrylates, polyethylene acrylate, polypropylene methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, polyethylene methacrylate, or polypropylene methacrylate.

[0041] The epoxy polymer described herein refers to the polymer obtained after polymerization of substances containing epoxy bonds. The epoxy polymer comprises one or more bisphenol A epoxy, bisphenol A epoxy, halogenated phenolic epoxy, phenolic epoxy, cycloaliphatic epoxy, or bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0042] The crosslinked polymer material (of the optical insulating coating) may preferably be based on (or essentially composed of) a polymer combined with one or more other functional groups, such as an acrylate group for photo-crosslinking (crosslinked polymer material based on urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate) and / or a fluorine group to lower the refractive index (crosslinked polymer material based on fluorourethane acrylate or fluorosilicone acrylate). Thus, the crosslinked polymer material of the optical insulating coating is preferably a polymer based on acrylate, urethane acrylate, or even silicone or silicone acrylate, the polymer further having a fluorine group.

[0043] Depending on the desired properties, the acrylate functional group can be used for photocuring (for an acrylate urethane or an acrylate silicone). The acrylate functional group allows the photo-crosslinking of the polymer, the skeleton of which is made up of other functions such as urethane.

[0044] The optical insulating coating according to the invention may, in particular, be a liquid-based coating obtained from a formulation preferably photocurable by ultraviolet (UV, in particular UVA) or a two-component coating cured by chemical reaction. UV(A) curing is preferred because it is faster and the equipment is less expensive / more compact than that used by chemical reaction.

[0045] In a first example of optical insulating coating, a UV curable resin based on acrylates is deposited on the transparent carrier film, in particular polymer and even polyethylene terephthalate PET.

[0046] In a second example of optical insulating coating, a single-component UV curable resin based on acrylates (urethane acrylate) is deposited on the transparent carrier film, in particular polymer and even PET.

[0047] In a third example of optical insulating coating, a UV curable silicone-based resin is deposited on the transparent carrier film, in particular polymer and even PET.

[0048] The carrier film can be a polymer, preferably thermoplastic, in particular polyester, polyethylene terephthalate PET, poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT, poly(ethylene naphthalate) PEN.And the optical insulating coating is on the back face of the polymer carrier film and the optical insulating coating preferably comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said index n2, preferably of no more than 1.42 or ,1e optical insulating coating (clear or tinted) may comprise, or even is made of, a matrix in particular organic or mineral, with a refractive index n2m greater than n2 and less than ng (ni or n' 1), and preferably with n2m of no more than 1.48 and n2 preferably of no more than 1.42, and comprising (nano)porosities and / or (nano)particles of low index, of refractive index less than ng in particular hollow and / or porous of size (outer diameter) of no more than 300nm or even of no more than 100nm for example hollow and / or porous silica nanoparticles (spheres etc). Preferably, the optical insulating coating is free of free silicone and volatile silicone components (a source of surface pollution).

[0049] The matrix of the optical insulating coating can be organic, in particular crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, in particular chosen from polymer based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB or the matrix is ​​mineral in particular silica.

[0050] We can cite the low index polymers already described if we want to lower n2 further by the matrix and (nano)porosity and / or (nano)particles.

[0051] The optical insulating coating comprises in particular at most 60% by volume fraction of (nano)poroses and / or low index (nano)particles or one of the following values: 40, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%.

[0052] The refractive index n2 can be customized according to the volume of low-index or hollow nanopores or nanoparticles. As a first approximation, the following relationship can be used to calculate the index:

[0053] n2=f.n2m+(lf).neff where f is the volume fraction of the material constituting the layer and n2m is its refractive index (dense) and neff is the refractive index of the nanoporosity (equal to 1) or the effective index of the nanoparticles (hollow and / or porous or low index).

[0054] The following table 1 illustrates the refractive index n2 as a function of n2m and the volume fraction.

[0055] [Tables] f 1-f n2m=l.5 n2m=l.48 n2m=l.45 n2m =1.42 n2m=l.4 n2m =1.35 1 0 1.50 1.48 1.45 1.42 1.40 1.35 0.9 0.1 1.45 1.43 1.41 1.38 1.36 1.32 0.85 0.15 1.43 1.41 1.38 1.36 1.34 1.30 0.8 0.2 1.40 1.38 1.36 1.34 1.32 1.28 0.75 0.25 1.38 1.36 1.34 1.32 1.30 1.26 0.7 0.3 1.35 1.34 1.32 1.29 1.28 1.25 0.65 0.35 1.33 1.31 1.29 1.27 1.26 1.23 0.6 0.4 1.30 1.29 1.27 1.25 1.24 1.21 0.55 0.45 1.28 1.26 1.25 1.23 1.22 1.19 0.5 0.5 1.25 1.24 1.23 1.21 1.20 1.18 0.45 0.55 1.23 1.22 1.20 1.19 1.18 1.16 0.4 0.6 1.20 1.19 1.18 1.17 1.16 1.14

[0056] The mineral optical insulating (matrix) coating preferably comprises (in particular is made of):

[0057] - a porous silica-based (sol-gel) layer and El is at most Ipm, better than at plus 800 nm and even 700 nm, to avoid the risk of cracking, nor can it easily go up to 1.3

[0058] - or an oxide-based layer (silica etc.) deposited by physical means in phase PVD vapor such as magnetron sputtering and El is at most Ipm, better at most 700 nm because the deposition is very slow.

[0059] In magnetron sputtering the silica layer may contain one or more other elements such as aluminium and the refractive index may be 1.48.

[0060] The volume proportion of pores can be limited and controlled in particular by sol-gel method.

[0061] Silica produced from tetraetoxysilane (TEOS) can thus be chosen.

[0062] The pores can be closed by removing a particulate pore-forming agent.

[0063] The structuring of the sol-gel layer into pores is linked to the sol-gel synthesis technique, which allows the essentially mineral material (i.e., mineral or mineral-organic hybrid) to be condensed with a suitably chosen pore-forming agent, in particular one of well-defined size(s) and / or shape(s) (elongated, spherical, oval, etc.).

[0064] Laminated glazing (in particular the coated substrate) may include a protective transparent layer (film or coating), in particular polymeric (thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer), in particular with a refractive index greater than n2, of submillimeter thickness and even of no more than 100 µm, covering the optical insulating coating, possibly extending beyond the optical insulating coating. In particular, it protects the optical insulating coating containing (nano)porosity and / or low-index (nano)particles, in particular hollow, porous (silica, etc.). The protective transparent layer is in particular a mechanical protection in contact with the lower interlayer (or the other lower interlayer) and even with a diffusing coating, forming means of light extraction (discontinuous or localized), and even under the diffusing coating.

[0065] Neither the carrier film nor the optical insulating coating is based on a fluoropolymer (defined as having a fluorocarbon-based repeating motif) that adheres poorly to the lamination interlayer or requires corona treatment for this purpose. According to one feature of the invention, the polymer of the carrier film or the optical insulating coating may have a non-fluorocarbon repeating motif (in its main chain) but whose secondary functions (grafts, side chain) may contain fluorocarbons.

[0066] For the carrier film (distinct or not from the lower support), one can choose even an ultrathin glass (of at most 0.6mm) and even for the coated substrate an all mineral solution with a mineral (or hybrid) optical insulating coating, for example for a deposit obtained by liquid means in particular a (optical insulating coating) nanoporous silica sol gel or even MgF2.

[0067] The carrier film can preferably be a polymer film, rather than even ultrathin glass which can break, and even the coated substrate is an all-polymer solution with a polymer film and a polymer matrix optical insulating coating, for example deposited by liquid means such as printing (by inkjet). By mineral (or hybrid) deposition is for example physical in vapor phase, via sol-gel.

[0068] The carrier film is for example a thermoplastic polymer (flexible, curved following the curvature of the glazing).

[0069] The carrier film (substrate), in particular a polymer according to the invention, preferably has dimensional stability, is compatible with the lamination operation (pressurization, at a given temperature), is compatible with passage through an autoclave.

[0070] The carrier film (substrate) according to the invention is distinct from an interlayer of lamination, which binds the sheets; it requires the use of the interlayer of lamination. The carrier film (substrate) is preferably a non-stick film at room temperature.

[0071] The edge of the coated substrate (second edge of the carrier film, and even second other edge of the optical insulating coating) can be at least 10mm away from the first slice of the first sheet (and / or the second slice of the second sheet) and even at least one of the following values: 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm.

[0072] The edge of the coated substrate (second edge of the film, second other edge of the optical insulating coating) can be at least 15mm away from the clear glass and even at least one of the following values: 10mm, 8mm, 5mm, 1mm.

[0073] For protection purposes, preferably, the perimeter of the carrier film, in particular polymer and even PET, (and even the coated substrate) can be surrounded, in contact (adhesive), with a portion of the lamination interlayer (PVB, EVA, TPU etc.) for example with a width of at least 5 mm: - either from the milling of the lower intercalated layer and / or the milling of the upper intercalated layer or from an additional intercalated layer - either by adding a peripheral frame layer with a thickness greater than or equal to the thickness Ef of the carrier film.

[0074] In one embodiment, the carrier film is set back from the first and second glass sheets by at least 10mm and even by at least 15mm or 20mm or 25mm, and in particular the thickness Ef of the carrier film is at least 0.2mm and the glazing includes an intermediate frame layer, forming part of the lamination interlayer or the other lamination interlayer, framing the perimeter of the coated substrate and in particular between faces F2 and F3 in first configuration i) or between faces F5 and F6 in second configuration j).

[0075] The thickness Ea of the interlayer frame can be similar to Ef, for example Ef ±50pm or even ±25pm or greater, for example if the lower interlayer of thickness E' is short (same size as the film) edge to edge with the transparent film, then Ea= Ef+ E'±50pm or even ±25pm.

[0076] The intermediate frame layer is in contact with the upper or additional intermediate layer or the other upper intermediate layer and possibly in contact with the lower intermediate layer or the other lower intermediate layer.

[0077] We prefer to choose the same material (PVB in particular or an OCA) for upper or possible additional interlayer, lower interlayer.

[0078] Furthermore, this laminated glazing is preferably curved. In particular for the roof, it thus presents one or more curves, with one or more radii of curvature ranging from 10 cm to 40 m. The curvature can be of high intensity, in particular of high sphericity, that is to say with at least one radius of curvature of no more than 0.5 m, locally.

[0079] In order to avoid folds, undulations, preferably the peripheral area of ​​the coated substrate is in an area of ​​the glazing having a curvature, a sphericity limited in particular by a radius of curvature of at least 1.5m.

[0080] In the case of a side glazing (opening or fixed) it has for example a radius of curvature of 1.2m to 4m.

[0081] The thicker the carrier film, the less likely it is to deform and ripple. For example, a thickness of at least 100 µm can be chosen in the case of areas of high sphericity in the glazing.

[0082] The carrier film can have a surface area of ​​at least 1m in length and at least 50cm in width.

[0083] The carrier film, in particular polymer and even thermoplastic, in particular PET, can occupy 100% of the clear glass.

[0084] The carrier film, in particular polymer and even thermoplastic, in particular PET, can occupy at least 80%, 90% and less than 100% of the surface of the glazing (to be protected at the periphery in particular, by a material in particular of interlayer of lamination).

[0085] The carrier film, in particular polymer, can be of any shape, depending on the design of the glazing, with rounded corners etc.

[0086] The carrier film (distinct or being the lower support) may have a low plasticizer content (for example at most 20% or 10% or 5%) or no plasticizers.

[0087] The carrier film (distinct from or being the lower support) may be a thermoplastic polymer or even a cross-linked polymer, in particular:

[0088] - polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate PET, poly(butylene terephthalate) PBT, poly(ethylene naphthalate) PEN,

[0089] - polycarbonate (PC),

[0090] - polyacrylate, in particular thermoplastic, polybutylacrylate, polymethacrylate PMMA,

[0091] - polyurethane (PU), in cross-linked material,

[0092] - cellulose triacetate (TAC),

[0093] - polyolefin: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE),

[0094] - polyimide, polyamide, a (coextruded) PET-PMMA film,

[0095] - poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0096] PET (easily available) or PEN, a polyacrylate film, or PC (preferably with an interlayer based on PVB without plasticizers or with few plasticizers) or PMMA are preferred.

[0097] The carrier film (distinct or being the lower support) in particular polymer and even PET is preferably of thickness Ef of at least 30pm and / or preferably less than 200pm in particular of no more than 100pm.

[0098] With a PC or PMMA polymer carrier film, it is preferable (for greater chemical compatibility) for the interlayer in contact with it to be PVB (avoid PVB and, for example, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)). The same applies to the interlayer in contact with the second or third PC or PMMA polymer sheet.

[0099] For example, the glazing and / or the liquid crystal cell (and even a peripheral strip or frame) has a grey colour.

[0100] However, the first pane of glazing (preferably curved) may be tinted, in particular gray or green. In addition to the tint provided by the liquid crystal cell, the tint of the first pane of glass, the upper interlayer, or an additional interlayer of the lamination interlayer can be customized. In particular, the light transmission and tint are adjusted.

[0101] The electroactive layer (the liquid volume) includes spacers which are in particular transparent or opaque, for example black, and / or which are point-based, polymer-based, spacers in contact with the lower and upper electrodes.

[0102] As point spacers, one can cite balls (or cube or cylinder of circular base in particular), for example of glass, or polymer) for example of width of at most 100 or pm 50pm and even 30pm and of at least 8 or lOpm.

[0103] In particular for an opening side glazing, the regions are arranged so that the connectors (for example printed, flat so-called fpc in English) are in the lower part below the visibility limit.

[0104] More generally, the power supply of any cell can be done via a printed, flat connector associated with current supply strips (metallic), in particular wires, film, printed.

[0105] In one embodiment, in particular for a roof or opening rear side glazing, the liquid crystal cell (segmented or not, single liquid crystal cell or sub-cells) covers at least 90% or 95% or 100% of the glass area and even extends beyond.

[0106] In another embodiment, particularly a windshield, the liquid crystal cell (segmented or not) covers an upper peripheral band (outside the "T zone") ("sun visor"). This zone may contain means for extracting light for internal signaling.

[0107] Of course, we can also have several disjoint cells, for example of no more than 10cm. Preferably the cells (segmented or not) cover at least 90% or 95% of the clear glass.

[0108] Preferably the liquid crystals are in nematic phase.

[0109] Preferably the nematic to isotropic phase transition temperature of the electroactive layer is greater than 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80%, 85% or 90°C or 110°C.

[0110] Preferably the percentage by weight of dichroic dyes is less than the solubility limit, for example at most 10%. Several dichroic dyes may be used.

[0111] For example the absorption band is broad and flat (homogeneous) over at least 200 or 300nm in the visible.

[0112] Preferably, the glazing is free of polarizing films and even of alignment layers.

[0113] The lower and upper supports are for example flexible, polymer (PET etc) for example of no more than 200pm, or glass for example of no more than 400pm.

[0114] The liquid crystal cell (single or set of sub-cells, segmented or not) has a first edge in particular set back from the first slice and / or the second slice, in particular all or part under the peripheral internal masking layer 7 (enamel on F2 or black ink on PVB 31) closer to the second face than the liquid crystal cell.

[0115] Furthermore, the liquid crystal cell (single or set of subcells, segmented or not) may be recessed from the first edge of the first glass sheet and a peripheral external seal that surrounds the perimeter of the first edge of the liquid crystal cell, preferably an external seal that is a thermoplastic adhesive layer forming a frame layer, in particular is in contact with

[0116] - the upper intercalated layer, protruding from the edge of the crystal cell liquid, outer seal and top interlayer are preferably PVB-based

[0117] - or in contact with the second face (bare or coated).

[0118] The external joint may include an opaque area, be an opaque frame.

[0119] The external seal is preferably offset, in whole or in part, from a pane of glass.

[0120] And possibly the external seal is in contact with:

[0121] - the lower intercalated layer, protruding from the liquid crystal cell,

[0122] - or in contact with the third face (bare or coated).

[0123] The outer joint (clear, tinted, or opaque PVB), if sufficiently thick, can also form a frame layer (made of PVB, for example) of the coated substrate with a size identical to that of the liquid crystal cell. However, it is preferable not to overlap their edges, favoring a coated substrate that is larger than the lower support (than the liquid crystal cell).

[0124] The external joint is preferably wide by at least a few mm and preferably at most 1 cm.

[0125] The external seal (preferably PVB-based) is preferably in contact with a barrier layer

[0126] In one embodiment, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first protruding zone, in particular with a width of at least 3mm and even at most 10mm, and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second protruding zone opposite the first protruding zone, in particular with a width of at least 3mm and even at most 10mm.

[0127] These first and second protruding areas containing the electrodes (preferably at least 5 mm) allow for simplified electrical contact. The electrodes (ITO, silver, etc.) may preferably extend to the upper and lower edges or be recessed, for example, by no more than 1 mm.

[0128] It is preferable to apply at least one first collector conductor (i.e., bus bar or current supply, often straight) by welding or bonding to the first protruding area of ​​the lower electrode and at least one second collector conductor by welding or bonding to the second protruding area of ​​the upper electrode. The collector conductors thus used are preferably made of a wire or strip of electrically conductive film. The collector conductors then contain at least aluminum, copper, tinned copper, gold, silver, zinc, tungsten, and / or tin, or alloys thereof, for example. The strip preferably has a thickness of 10 µm to 500 µm, and in particular preferably 30 µm to 300 µm. Collector conductors made of electrically conductive films with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have an advantageous current-carrying capacity.

[0129] A collector conductor can be printed preferably containing at least one metal, a metal alloy, a metal compound and / or carbon, in particular preferably a precious metal and especially silver. The printing paste preferably contains metal particles, metal particles and / or carbon, and especially precious metal particles such as silver particles. Electrical conductivity is preferably obtained by the electrically conductive particles. The particles may be in an organic matrix and / or Inorganic materials such as pastes or inks, preferably in the form of printing paste with glass frits, can be produced quickly and easily using modern manufacturing technology. Silver-containing materials are characterized by high electrical conductivity and are relatively stable in the long term. The layer thickness of the printed collector conductors is preferably from 5 µm to 40 µm, particularly from 8 µm to 20 µm, and especially from 8 µm to 12 µm. Printed collector conductors with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have advantageous current-carrying capacity.

[0130] The collector conductors are connected to a voltage source, for example via flat conductors (fpc).

[0131] The collector conductors are for example wide by at least 3mm and at most 10mm or 7mm.

[0132] Preferably, the glazing preferably includes a barrier element, on the periphery of the device, separating the electroactive layer from the laminate interlayer, barrier element, on the periphery of the electroactive layer.

[0133] The barrier element is preferably designed to prevent the diffusion of plasticizers (PVB etc.) through it.

[0134] The barrier element preferably contains polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl fluoride.

[0135] In particular the barrier element seals the entire circumferential edge surface of the electroactive layer (PDLC).

[0136] The barrier element may be in contact with the electroactive layer (DDPDLC). The barrier element may be at a distance from the electroactive layer (DDPDLC) in order to avoid causing an undesirable chemical reaction, while preventing, for example, the diffusion of plasticizers from an interlayer (such as PVB).

[0137] One or more adhesion-enhancing layers may be arranged between the device and the barrier element.

[0138] The barrier element comprises one or more individual layers (coating and / or film) preferably with a thickness of 0.02 mm to 0.2 mm, preferably from 0.04 mm to 0.15 mm.

[0139] In particular, in the configuration with the first and second protruding zones, the barrier element is external and comprises a polymer barrier coating or film (preferably PET thermoplastic), in particular without plasticizers, or several coupled polymer (thermoplastic) barrier films, in particular without plasticizers:

[0140] - barrier coating or film(s) covering all or part of the first protruding area or even extending over the upper face Fs preferably by at least 5mm and at most 15mm and even extending to the rear face Fb, preferably PET,

[0141] - barrier coating or film(s) covering all or part of the second protruding area extending over the back face and even extending to the top face preferably by at least 5mm and at most 15mm, barrier film(s), preferably PET.

[0142] The coating or barrier film(s) are on the perimeter and therefore present in the other two edge areas (non-protruding).

[0143] For example, the barrier element (with film) comprises:

[0144] - a polymer barrier film is a polymer frame (PET), in particular a frame Z-shaped section (three portions), film in one piece around the perimeter or in parts (butted together etc.)

[0145] - two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), including a Z-shaped section (three portions), coupled with a second film which is a rectangular section frame.

[0146] Examples of barrier elements are described in applications WO2018188844A1 WO2019077014A1, WO2019238520, WO2019238521.

[0147] The first and second salient areas can be the longitudinal edges of the device (rectangular, square in shape).

[0148] The choice of protruding or non-protruding sides depends on the segmentation figure of the device. Without segmentation, longitudinal or lateral edges can be more easily chosen.

[0149] The injection, the position of the light source (and the light redirection element) depends, for example, on the extraction pattern. If the design of the segmented device and the design of the extraction pattern allow it, the injection (the light redirection element) can be located at one or more non-protruding edges, for example, lateral edges.

[0150] The barrier element (resin etc.) can be external and the device has no protruding areas, forming a sealing joint all around.

[0151] Alternatively, the barrier element is internal, forming a sealing joint which is at least partly internal, between the lower and upper supports, in particular of (internal) width of no more than 1cm.

[0152] An example of a sealing joint is described in application WO2019025178.

[0153] In particular, the barrier element, internal or external, in particular the coating or barrier film(s), preferably PET, is masked from the outside and / or the barrier element, preferably external, in particular the coating or barrier film(s), preferably PET, is opaque at least on a part in particular opaque part opposite a light source on face F4, preferably a set of light-emitting diodes.

[0154] A side window of a door of a road vehicle (automobile) is movable between translation relative to that door substantially along the vertical between a position The door has two positions: an open position in which the glazing is located entirely or almost entirely inside the door, and a closed position in which the glazing closes off a section of the door. In the closed position, this glazing thus creates a vertical separation between an interior space inside the vehicle and an exterior space outside the vehicle.

[0155] A seal can materialize the top of the door frame inside which the glazing slides, when the glazing is closed and even define the lower limit of visibility of the glazing.

[0156] Above the seal, the vehicle door may include at least one part without a frame.

[0157] It is possible that the door: - does not have a front side pillar and that it is the adjacent bodywork section, otherwise known as the "A-pillar", that guides the glazing, and / or - does not have a rear side pillar and it is the adjacent bodywork part, otherwise called "the B-pillar" or "B-pillar" in English, that guides the glazing.

[0158] In an embodiment, particularly for a side (opening) glazing, preferably in the visible part of the glazing (predetermined or in mounted position in the vehicle, in a door), the glazing includes means for masking the outside of the first edge (or even a barrier element, internal seal) and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, called internal masking means, and preferably the glazing includes means for masking the inside of the first edge, and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, called internal masking means.

[0159] And preferably the external masking means comprise a peripheral internal masking layer, in particular opaque (black, grey etc.), which is: - a coating (opaque, black, grey), on face F2 (in particular enamel on face F2) -or even a coating on the upper support (side face F2)-, or a coating (polymer, resin) on the upper interlayer (preferably PVB-based), - (and / )or an opaque interlayer (preferably PVB-based, black etc.) butted with the upper interlayer (preferably PVB-based), called short, set back from the first layer.

[0160] The internal peripheral masking layer, in particular coating (enamel) on face F2 or interlayer layer, can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5 mm) from the edge of the glazing (first edge for example) or even up to the edge.

[0161] And preferably, the internal masking means include a peripheral internal masking layer, in particular opaque (black, gray, etc.). This layer may be:

[0162] - a coating (opaque, black, grey), on face F3 or F4, in particular enamel, or coating (polymer, resin) on an interlayer (PVB-based), under the lower substrate - in particular on a lower interlayer or an additional interlayer between the lower interlayer and the lower substrate or on an interlayer frame

[0163] - (and / )or an opaque interlayer (preferably PVB-based, black, etc.) of the lamination interlayer, under the lower support, in particular an additional interlayer layer between the lower interlayer layer and the lower support or on an interlayer frame layer.

[0164] In particular when the carrier film is distinct from the lower support, an additional interlayer is shorter than the liquid crystal cell and an opaque frame layer forms the peripheral inner masking layer.

[0165] The internal peripheral masking layer, coating on face F4 or interlayer layer, can be 2mm or 3mm (less than 5mm) from the edge of the glazing (second edge for example) or even up to the edge.

[0166] Naturally, the internal masking layer is arranged so as not to interfere with the injection of light into the glazing or with the guidance of light, at least before the extraction means (and even including them). Therefore, the internal masking layer is absent from the light injection zone and the guidance zone, at least before the light extraction means (and even including them).

[0167] The glazing may be a side glazing, in particular an opening one, the other second edge having a lower longitudinal edge below the lower limit of visibility of the glazing (in the mounted position), in particular defined by the door or even by a longitudinal (horizontal) seal, the peripheral internal masking layer comprises:

[0168] - an upper longitudinal (internal) masking (external) strip, in particular horizontal, preferably coated on an interlayer or (enamel) on face F2

[0169] - or even one or two internal side masking strips preferably coating on interlayer or (enamel) on face F2

[0170] And preferably the peripheral inner masking layer comprises:

[0171] - a preferably inner upper longitudinal masking strip congruent with the upper longitudinal masking band (internal), preferably coating on an interlayer or (enamel) on face F3 (or even F4)

[0172] - or even one or more preferably inner side masking strips congruent with the internal side masking strip(s), preferably coating on interlayer or (enamel) on face F3 (or even F4).

[0173] Alternatively, the peripheral internal masking layer forms a frame and in particular when the glazing is a roof, a light source for optical guidance and even with a light redirection element, such as a reflective prismatic film or transparent, are masked by said internal peripheral masking layer.

[0174] Preferably, the peripheral internal masking layer (the strip(s)) is opposite the electroactive layer for a maximum of 10 mm, 5 mm, or 1 mm.

[0175] In the present invention, an optical density of at least 2 and / or a TL of at most 1% or even 0.1% is preferred for an opaque element.

[0176] Preferably, the width of the internal masking layer (upper longitudinal strip, side strips, etc.) – coating, opaque PVB – is at least 15 mm or 20 mm, and at most 40 mm for side glazing, particularly opening (and rear) glazing. Preferably, the width of the internal masking layer (upper longitudinal strip, side strips, etc.) – coating, opaque PVB – is at least 15 mm or 20 mm and at most 50 mm for side glazing, particularly opening (and rear) glazing.

[0177] The peripheral masking layer can form a frame (windshield, roof, fixed side window, etc.), particularly a black one. Specifically for a roof (of a road vehicle), the entire perimeter is opaque to conceal bodywork elements or seals, or to protect an adhesive for mounting on the vehicle.

[0178] In particular, a light source for optical guidance, even with a light redirection element (reflective prismatic film or transparency), faces said internal peripheral masking layer. The optional internal peripheral masking layer is offset from the light injection area and the useful light guiding area.

[0179] In particular for a roof, the width of the internal peripheral masking layer along the sides of a road vehicle window is generally less than that at the front or even the rear.

[0180] In particular for a road vehicle roof:

[0181] - the width of the internal (and even inner) masking layer along the edges longitudinal can be at most 30cm, in particular 10-20cm.

[0182] - the width of the internal (and even inner) masking layer along the edge the rear lateral can be at most 40cm or 30cm in particular of at least 1 or 5cm and along the front lateral edge of at most 60cm or 40cm in particular of at least 1 or 5cm.

[0183] For a road vehicle roof, the width of the inner masking layer is preferably greater than that of the inner masking layer. The inner masking layer is, in particular, congruent with or narrower than the width of the inner masking layer.

[0184] The internal and / or internal peripheral masking layer in the form of a coating may be an organic or mineral binder (fused glass frit) with an organic or inorganic coloring agent, in particular a molecular colorant or an inorganic pigment.

[0185] The internal and / or internal peripheral masking layer in the form of a coating is preferably a continuous layer (flat with a solid edge or alternatively a gradient edge (set of patterns).

[0186] The internal peripheral masking layer in the form of a coating on face F4 may be adjacent to a possible functional coating on face F4, in particular athermal (low emissive), which is at least in the clear part of the glass.

[0187] The glazing can be single laminated glazing (preferably for side glazing) or double (two interlayers of laminates).

[0188] In a first configuration, referred to as i), preferred—particularly for the side glazing for reasons of compactness—the coated substrate is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, the second sheet having a refractive index n1 in the visible range, preferably being at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53, and in particular ng = n1 (the guiding layer includes and is even the second sheet, particularly in extra-clear glass). In this first configuration i), the lower interlayer (preferably untinted, colorless, or in other words, clear) with a refractive index n3 in the visible range, is in adhesive contact with the third face F3 or with a functional transparent coating on the face F3 (in the clear range of the glass), in particular if n1 > n3, n1 - n3 is preferably less than 0.05.n2 is less than ni (and even n3), the difference in refractive indices nl-n2 being at least 0.06 in the visible, and better at least one of the following values: 0.07, 0.08. .

[0189] In a second configuration referred to as j), the vehicle glazing comprises a third sheet, made of mineral glass or polymer sheet, with a fifth principal face F5, a sixth principal face F6 and a third slice, with a refractive index n' 1 in the visible range preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53, the third sheet being bonded to the second sheet via another lamination interlayer comprising another upper interlayer and another lower interlayer in contact with the fifth face F5 and with a refractive index of n'3 in the visible spectrum, and the coated substrate is sandwiched between the upper and lower interlayers of said other laminated interlayer. In particular, ng = n'1 (the guiding layer includes and is itself the third layer). The coated carrier film (of the substrate) is then relatively far from the third layer. However, the third layer can be a light-extracting layer (guided between the optical insulating coating and the extraction zone), for example, diffusing or textured.

[0190] The third sheet (preferably curved) is in particular at least 0.7 mm thick (to promote light guidance), possibly less than that of the first sheet of glass, even by no more than 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even by no more than 1.3 mm or no more than 1 mm. The third sheet is preferably made of extra-clear glass or highly transparent polymer.

[0191] Regarding the lamination interlayer, several configurations are possible.

[0192] The lower (clear) and / or upper (clear or tinted) interlayer, or any other interlayer, preferably in foil form, is thermoplastic or crosslinked adhesive material, preferably selected from polymers based on: poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (thermoplastic or crosslinked), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or ionomer. An example of a monomer resin is marketed by Kuraray under the registered trademark SentryGlas®. The lower (clear) and / or upper (clear or tinted) interlayer of crosslinked adhesive material is, for example, a polyacrylate foil.

[0193] An interlayer (laminate) may comprise a plasticizer that preferably contains triethylene glycol-bis-(2-ethylhexanoate). Other preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, particularly low-volatility carboxylic acid esters, fats, oils, soft resins, and camphor. Other plasticizers are preferably aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol. 3G7, 3G8, or 4G7 are particularly preferred as plasticizers, the first number indicating the number of ethylene glycol units and the last number the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid portion of the compound.

[0194] The preferably upper interlayer can be made of UV-resistant PVB, for example Eastman UV-resistant PVB, designated RU41, for example to protect the electroactive layer.

[0195] The lamination interlayer (one of the lower, upper, or additional interlayer layers) may be acoustic, in particular comprising or being made of acoustic PVB (three-layer, four-layer, etc.). Thus, the lamination interlayer may comprise at least one so-called middle layer made of viscoelastic plastic material with vibro-acoustic damping properties, in particular with a base of polyvinyl butyral and plasticizer, and the interlayer, and further comprising two outer layers of standard PVB, the middle layer being between the two outer layers. Examples include the acoustic PVBs described in patent applications WO2012 / 025685 and WO2013 / 175101, notably tinted as in WO2015079159.

[0196] The upper interlayer may be tinted in particular with a light transmission known as TL of up to 73%, in particular tinted PVB.

[0197] An additional interlayer, between lower (clear) and upper interlayer, may be tinted in particular with TL of up to 73%, in particular tinted, or even of at least 13% (for example to integrate a functional film, the liquid crystal cell).

[0198] Examples of commercial tinted films based on PVB and plasticizers and with inorganic pigments have, for example, TLs of about 6%, 13%, 27%, 73%.

[0199] The lower (clear) intercalated layer may in particular have a TL of at least 90% and better of at least 95% or 97%.

[0200] The lower interlayer (in particular PVB or even a cross-linked polymer adhesive) may be the same size as the coated substrate (a framing layer may be necessary depending on the thickness of the coated substrate, particularly from 100 or 200 µm) and / or the liquid crystal cell, or be larger than the coated substrate and / or the liquid crystal cell. The upper or additional interlayer or a framing interlayer may flow to protect the edges of the coated substrate.

[0201] In particular, in the case where the lower support carries the optical insulating coating, the lower interlayer (in particular PVB or even crosslinked polymer adhesive material) can be the same size as the liquid crystal cell (a framing layer is necessary depending on the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, in particular from 100 or 200 µm) or larger than the liquid crystal cell.

[0202] And / or the upper interlayer (in particular PVB or even crosslinked polymer adhesive material) may be the same size as the liquid crystal cell (a framing layer is required depending on the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, in particular from 100 or 200 µm) or larger than the liquid crystal cell.

[0203] An interlayer frame, preferably thermoplastic and even PVB-based (with or without plasticizers) can be one or more sheets depending on the thickness and / or the desired tint (clear and / or tinted or even opaque sheet)

[0204] The tinted spacer which is wholly or partly in the clear glass is preferably grey.

[0205] The frame interlayer outside the clear tinted glass can be grey, black (opaque or almost opaque), preferably thermoplastic and even based on PVB (with or without plasticizers) in particular the frame layer.

[0206] For the lamination interlayer (respectively the other lamination interlayer), an "all PVB" solution can be provided, in sheets, or a solution with PVB except for the lower interlayer layer in crosslinked adhesive material (OCA), film or coating, from a liquid adhesive resin that can be crosslinked, in particular when the second sheet is made of glass (respectively the third sheet of glass) or polymer (PC, PMMA), in particular with an index n3 (or n'3) greater than 1.42.

[0207] For this lower interlayer, we can cite as a crosslinkable liquid adhesive resin the acrylate-based adhesive resin for example in particular the product called UZ181A (refractive index 1.47) from the company AKChemTeck.

[0208] In another example of a lower interlayer in the form of a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating, a crosslinkable ultraviolet (UV) mercapto ester-based resin, the product known as NOA 65 from Norland, with a refractive index of 1.524, is deposited.

[0209] In another example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer in the form of a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating, a one-component UV-curable resin based on polyfluorene with an acrylate function is deposited, the product being named Shin-A SBPF-022 with a refractive index of 1.60.

[0210] The lower interlayer may comprise or even be a crosslinked polymer film in particular of at least 30pm or 40pm or 50pm.

[0211] In particular the lower interlayer is a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) film, which bonds by contact after the application of mechanical pressure.

[0212] In particular, the lower interlayer of crosslinked polymer is a crosslinked polymer film, in particular of at least 30 µm, which is preferably in adhesive contact with the third face F3 and, in particular:

[0213] - pressure-sensitive film, preferably selected from polymers based acrylate, or silicone

[0214] - or a so-called post-adhesive film of partially photocrosslinked polymer before assembly and photo-crosslinked (with continued photo-crosslinking) after assembly, and preferably a so-called post-adhesive film based on acrylate.

[0215] As an example of an acrylate-based PSA film, we can cite the product called CS986 (refractive index 1.49) from the company Nitto.

[0216] In the first configuration i) the lower laminated interlayer is in particular clear, in particular thermoplastic and / or crosslinked adhesive material, preferably selected from: EVA, TPU, PVB with at least 20% by weight of plasticizers preferably of a thickness of at least 200µm and at most 1 mm, or PVB with less than 20% by weight of plasticizers or without plasticizers preferably of at most 100µm and in particular of a thickness of at least 25µm, and the second sheet is of extra-clear mineral glass or PMMA or polycarbonate (PC).

[0217] In the second configuration j) the other lower interlayer is in particular clear and thermoplastic selected from: EVA, TPU, PVB with plasticizers of thickness of at most 380pm, PVB or little or without plasticizers of thickness of at most 100pm or 50pm and even of at least 20pm, and the third sheet is of extra clear mineral glass or PMMA or PC.

[0218] The laminated glazing according to the invention may include one of the following sequences (strict or open)

[0219] - first sheet of glass (tinted or clear with optional coating) electroconductive, infrared (IR) reflector, UV filter element, etc. on face F2) / upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc.) / coated substrate / lower (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc.) / second (extra-clear) glass sheet,

[0220] - first sheet of glass (tinted or clear with optional coating) electroconductive, IR reflecting on face F2 and UV filter element) / upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / lower (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (preferably TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second polymer sheet (PMMA, PC),

[0221] - first sheet of glass (tinted or clear with optional coating) electroconductive, IR reflector on face F2, UV filtering element on face F2) / upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / liquid crystal cell / lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second glass or polymer (PMMA, PC) sheet / another upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / another lower (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / third glass sheet (extra clear).

[0222] For example, preferably:

[0223] - first sheet of glass (tinted or clear with possible coating) Electroconductive, IR-reflecting on face F2, UV-filtering element) / upper thermoplastic PVB interlayer (clear or tinted) / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate, etc.) / coated substrate / lower (clear) thermoplastic PVB interlayer or adhesive cross-linked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate, etc.) with possible diffusing coating on the back face or face F3 / second glass sheet (extra-clear),

[0224] - first sheet of glass (tinted or clear with possible coating) electroconductive, reflecting IR on face F2 and UV filtering element) / upper thermoplastic PVB interlayer / liquid crystal cell / additional (clear) thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / lower thermoplastic interlayer (preferably TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second polymer sheet (PMMA, PC).

[0225] - first sheet of glass (tinted or clear with possible coating) electroconductive, IR reflector on face F2 and UV filtering element) / upper thermoplastic interlayer PVB or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (OCA) / liquid crystal cell / lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / second glass sheet / another upper thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / coated substrate / another lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB, TPU or EVA) or adhesive crosslinked polymer material (EVA, adhesive polyacrylate etc) / third glass sheet (extra clear).

[0226] According to one embodiment, the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and distinct from the lower support, the lamination interlayer comprises an additional interlayer, the coated substrate being between the additional interlayer and the lower interlayer, and even in contact (adhesive) with the additional interlayer.

[0227] - the additional interlayer is thermoplastic and even PVB-based or made of cross-linked adhesive material, is in contact with the lower support

[0228] - or the lamination interlayer comprises another additional interlayer, in cross-linked adhesive material, in contact with the lower support and the additional interlayer, and the additional interlayer is thermoplastic and even PVB-based.

[0229] In a particular embodiment (of configuration i) – especially when there is no additional interlayer – the lower support (of the liquid crystal cell) forms the carrier film, the optical insulating coating being on the rear face Fb of the carrier film. Alternatively, the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and distinct from the lower support, the second edge extends beyond the first edge, for example, by at least 1 mm or 5 mm and even by at most 10 cm or 5 cm or 1 cm.

[0230] In particular, (the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and ng=nl), the lower support forms the carrier film, the optical insulating coating being on the rear face Fb of the carrier film. The lower interlayer, clear in particular thermoplastic or of crosslinked adhesive material, is then preferably in contact with the optical insulating coating. If necessary, the lamination interlayer includes an additional interlayer, of crosslinked adhesive material, between the optical insulating coating and the lower interlayer, which is thermoplastic, clear, in particular PVB or even EVA.

[0231] More broadly, it is preferred that the optical insulating coating be on the rear face Fb of the carrier film.

[0232] According to one characteristic, particularly when the vehicle glazing is a roof, especially of a road vehicle, at least one element is tinted among the first glass pane, the upper interlayer of the lamination interlayer (or even the second glass pane, and another upper interlayer of the lamination interlayer if there is a third glass pane). The tinted layer of the lamination interlayer is, for example, made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), in particular tinted grey.

[0233] Any laminate interlayer can be thermoplastic or made of a crosslinked adhesive material, often transparent (designated as OCA for "Optical Clear Adhesive"). OCAs are notably of the acrylic, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyurethane (PU), or epoxy type. The transparent adhesive material (OCA) can be deposited in a solid, pressure-sensitive form (PSA film), or in a liquid form (LOCA) and cured during the lamination process, forming an interlayer after curing. In the following description, "OCA" refers to OCA deposited in either a solid or liquid (LOCA) state. The way in which liquid OCA cures depends on its nature; some OCAs cure, for example, by applying energy such as ultraviolet light, while others cure at room temperature with the addition of a hardener.

[0234] According to one feature, the upper interlayer and / or the lower interlayer and / or the additional interlayer is based on PVB (polyvinyl butyral), with or without plasticizers (preferably with plasticizers for the upper and additional interlayers). In a preferred example, the upper interlayer and the lower or additional interlayer are in contact The liquid crystal cells are PVB-based, with or without plasticizers (preferably with plasticizers for the top or additional interlayer). In particular, a PVB thickness of at least 0.3 mm and preferably no more than 0.7 mm is chosen.

[0235] In the present invention, the expression crosslinked polymer refers to the family of thermosetting polymers in the broad sense (any crosslinking method).

[0236] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention can contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s) and even at most 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0237] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may contain a main polymer (or base polymer) of at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of polymer(s).

[0238] A crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention may include other additives (preferably less than 10%, 5%, or 1% by weight of layer) such as at least one of the following:

[0239] - crosslinking agent for example photoinitiators (residuals),

[0240] - plasticizers (for added flexibility)

[0241] - membership promoters

[0242] - additives for durability.

[0243] The degree of polymerization or even crosslinking of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%; the material may therefore contain residual prepolymers, monomers, and oligomers. The layer can be analyzed by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) after crosslinking to determine the degree of polymerization.

[0244] In particular, the upper interlayer and / or the lower interlayer and / or the additional interlayer may be a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, in particular of the acrylic, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyurethane (PU), or epoxy type. The transparent adhesive material (OCA) may be deposited in solid form, or in liquid form and cured during the lamination process.

[0245] Laminated glazing may include UV blockers or absorbers or UV reflectors filtering ultraviolet radiation, in particular to preserve the liquid crystal cell over time.

[0246] Also in one embodiment, a UV filter is between the upper support and face F2; in particular:

[0247] -is a (thin) layer on face Fl or F2 of the first sheet of glass, or even on the upper support (side face F2)

[0248] -or is the upper intercalated layer.

[0249] When the UV filter is an interlayer, it is for example a film made of polymeric material which is based on at least one polymer chosen among the following polymers: polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, acrylate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), adhesive crosslinked polymer material.

[0250] The thickness of the polymeric film with UV filter function is preferably between 0.02 mm and 2 mm, preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm.

[0251] Advantageously, to further increase luminance:

[0252] - the difference in refractive indices ng-n2 (nl-n2 or n'l-n2) is at least 0.08 in the visible range and better than at least one of the following values: 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, 0.3, 0.31, 0.32, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35,

[0253] - the thickness Ei is at least 800nm, 900nm, lpm and preferably less than or equal to one of the following values: 1pm, 5pm, 3pm, 2pm.

[0254] For mechanical strength (in particular if low index nanoparticles and / or porosities in the optical insulating coating) and / or depending on the availability of products (less easy at very low index), it may be desirable to limit the difference in refractive indices ng-n2 (nl-n2 or n' l-n2) and choose at most 0.2 or at most 0.15 and preferably at least 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, this in particular for ni or n'1 from 1.5 to 1.53 (with second or third glass sheet).

[0255] The carrier film (and possibly a lower interlayer, second sheet or even another lower interlayer, third sheet) has a blur of at most 1°, or even 0.5° (outside areas with light extraction means). Inclusions and pinholes are preferred to be avoided.

[0256] In particular with ni of 1.5 to 1.53 in the visible (like a sheet of glass), in particular at 600nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm, n2 and / or the average index n2m may be less than or equal to one of the following values: 1.42, 1.41, 1.40, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.34, 1.33, 1.32, 1.31, 1.30, 1.29, 1.28, 1.27, 1.26, 1.25, 1.2, 1.19, 1.18, 1.16, 1.17, 1.15.

[0257] In particular with ni of at least 1.55 in the visible, the refractive index n2 in the visible in particular at 600nm and preferably from 500nm to 750nm and even from 380nm to 750nm can also be less than or equal to one of the following values: 1.50, 1.49, 1.48, 1.47.

[0258] The optical insulating coating can occupy at least 80%, 90%, 95% and even 100% (not edged) of the surface of the carrier film (deposition face), in particular polymer film (and even thermoplastic), in particular which is the lower support (lower electrode).

[0259] The optical insulating coating can have good adhesion to the carrier film (substrate) according to the invention, preferably polymer (and even thermoplastic, in particular without plasticizer).

[0260] For example, the carrier film (which may be the lower support) preferably polymer (better thermoplastic especially without plasticizer and even polyester, PET) has on the deposition face (Fa or Fb) a smooth face, a low surface roughness (especially parameter Rz) of at most Ipm.

[0261] For better optical quality, the thickness Ei of the optical isolating coating varies by no more than ±5%. The thickness Ei is preferably as low as possible to avoid high material costs without degrading the optical function.

[0262] The optical insulating coating is transparent but may be tinted or clear, in particular having (alone) a light transmission of at least 80% or at least 90%.

[0263] The optical insulating coating preferably extends throughout the clear (central) part of the glazing, its edge (called second other edge) being in particular under a masking frame layer (ink or enamel, opaque such as black, etc.) closer to face F2 than the latter, which is a full opaque layer and possibly with discontinuous opaque patterns (gradient for more transparency towards the center), detailed later.

[0264] The optical insulating coating is preferably a continuous layer (mineral or organic or hybrid, in particular with low index nanoparticles, for example hollow silica) which occupies all the clear glass and even all or part of the coated Fa or Fb face.

[0265] For example the carrier film has, on the side of the light injection, a marginal area without the optical insulating coating of at most 4mm or 1mm (in particular frame or on one or more sides forming one or more marginal bands).

[0266] The optical insulating coating is, for simplicity, a monolayer but can be manufactured in one or more passes (by liquid method).

[0267] The optical insulating coating may be topped with a functional (over)layer, in particular a protective layer: a diffusion barrier and / or mechanical protection, for example, a film of at most 100 µm and at least 30 µm, or a coating of at most 10 µm. An optical insulating coating may be chosen with a matrix (organic, mineral) and low-index nanoparticles (or hollow and / or porous) with a dense overlayer (organic, mineral) of the same matrix.

[0268] Preferably, in particular to simplify manufacturing, on the carrier film, preferably thermoplastic polymer -or crosslinked-, the optical insulating coating can be organic, crosslinked polymer or thermoplastic, and the protective overlayer organic, for example thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer.

[0269] In a first embodiment, the optical insulating coating is on the rear face Fb, in particular the carrier film (substrate), in particular polymer and even PET, is clear or tinted.

[0270] In a second embodiment, the optical insulating coating is on the front face Fa - and the film, in particular polymer and even PET, - carrier, is clear, in particular has a refractive index n4 greater than n2 (and even than ng, n3 and ni or n'3 and n'1). For example n4-n2 of at least 0.05 or even one of the following values: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3.

[0271] The carrier film according to the invention, preferably polymer, not sticking to the glass, is in adhesive contact with the lamination interlayer (respectively with the other lamination interlayer) which links the first and second sheets (respectively second and third sheet).

[0272] According to one feature, the light injection (from one or more light sources) is, in a lower part of the glazing, under the optical insulating coating (therefore in the direction of face F4). Preferably (in configuration i) injection into the second sheet and / or the lower interlayer or (in configuration j)) into a possible third sheet or even under the third sheet (in particular via face F6, light refracted into the third sheet).

[0273] In configuration i), this injection of light can be via an internal wall of a (through) hole in the second sheet or with injection through the (second) slice of the second sheet (in particular the second glass sheet is shorter or has a recess to place the light source) or via the fourth face F4, light refracted in the second sheet, as detailed later)

[0274] In configuration j), this light injection can be via an internal wall of a (through) hole in the third sheet, or with injection through the (third) edge of the third sheet (in particular, the third glass sheet is shorter or has a recess to accommodate the light source), or via face F6, with light refracted into the third sheet. The third sheet can be locally textured or diffusing and even sufficiently thick to facilitate injection into it, for example, a polymer sheet (polymethacrylate PMMA, etc.).

[0275] The glazing may include (for light injection) one or more light sources (peripheral, adjacent and / or opposite edges, in particular longitudinal), notably comprising one or more series of diodes. Optionally, each series of diodes is coupled directly to the second (respectively third) pane of glass—in particular via the edge or through the fourth face F4-(respectively F6)—or is coupled to an additional external guide for light injection into the glazing. for example optical extraction fiber with light exit zone along the edge of the second sheet (respectively of the third sheet).

[0276] In the case of a roof, at least two series of diodes, called longitudinal series (diodes arranged along the longitudinal edges, parallel or not to these edges), are preferred, and / or two series of diodes, called lateral series, diodes arranged along the lateral edges (parallel or not to these edges). For a given edge, a series of diodes can be in the form of several diode strips joined or separated (or even connected), preferably aligned.

[0277] In the case of a side glazing, particularly an opening (sliding) one, a series of diodes called a longitudinal series is preferred (diodes arranged near the lower longitudinal edge, below the visibility limit preferably linked to the glazing and even linked to a main face F2 or F4). A longitudinal series of diodes can be in the form of several strips of diodes joined or separated (or even connected), preferably aligned.

[0278] In particular, the luminance extracted from the laminated glazing (especially lateral and even opening) is at least 2 cd / m² and even at least 10 or 20 cd / m². The contrast (user experience) is improved in dark mode.

[0279] In particular in a side window (opening or fixed), the light source placed opposite F4 (in the door) is at most 25mm thick.

[0280] Several light injection configurations (for guidance in the guidance layer) are possible.

[0281] In one embodiment, in first configuration i), the glazing may include a light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, which is optically coupled with the guiding layer (preferably the second sheet of glass, preferably mineral glass):

[0282] - by a light redirection element, -local-, light redirection element reflector and third main face F3 or transparent light redirection element on fourth main face F4.

[0283] - by all or part of the second tranche,

[0284] - or by a wall of a hole (through thickness, closed) in the second sheet (or several walls of several holes), including a hole offset from a clear pane of glass, facing an internal masking layer.

[0285] In the case of light injection through the second layer, the light source is coupled to the layer of the second sheet, possibly in a through-hole peripheral notch. The light source may be housed in a polymer encapsulation as described in patent application WO2010049638, particularly in [Fig. 15] or [Fig. 16] of that patent application, and may even have a recess for removal or replacement of the source.

[0286] In the case of light injection via an internal wall of a hole, the second sheet, particularly one made of mineral glass, has at least one peripheral hole (through or even blind in thickness, open on the fourth face F4 at least) and the light source is coupled to the wall of the second sheet delimiting the hole, preferably housed within the hole. The light source, particularly diodes, may be in the hole, or may be associated with an optical element (guiding the light) between the injection wall and the light source in the hole or inside the passenger compartment. Examples of embodiments described in patents WO2018 / 178591 or WO2013 / 110885 can be cited. The peripheral hole (through or even blind in thickness, open on the fourth face F4 at least) is masked by a masking layer in the case of a roof, otherwise for a side window (fixed or opening) concealed within the door.

[0287] Alternatively, in the second configuration j), the light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, is optically coupled with the third sheet by all or part of the third slice, called the injection slice, possibly with a notch housing the source or preferably the injection slice (longitudinal or lateral), set back at least 10 mm and at most 200 mm from the second slice, thus leaving an area called the overhanging area of ​​the second sheet, the light source being under or even fixed to the overhanging area.

[0288] In the case of light injection by offsetting the (each) light source to the passenger compartment side (side face F4 or even face F6 in configuration j)), preferably the peripheral light redirection element(s) (preferably prismatic) is:

[0289] -reflector and third face F3 in particular prismatic, comprising reflecting prisms in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2

[0290] -or transparent on the fourth main face F4 in particular comprising a macroprism or transparent prisms, preferably prism(s) oriented towards the passenger compartment.

[0291] The (each) light source is then opposite or offset from the fourth main face F4 (or F6 in configuration])) in particular direct optical coupling or via optics, in particular light source and light redirection element offset by a clear pane, facing an internal masking layer.

[0292] An optical element (collimation element, etc.) may be placed between the (each) light source and the fourth face F4 (or F6 in configuration j), in particular an optical element fixed to the fourth face F4 (or F6 in configuration j). The light source may be fixed to the fourth face F4 (or F6 in configuration j). The principal direction of the light source's radiation (before or after collimation) may be adjusted.

[0293] In particular, the coated substrate being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, the laminated glazing comprises, a light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, which is on the fourth face F4 (and even on the face F6 for configuration j)), and coupled to a light redirection element (local, peripheral), -redirection in the guidance layer- which is; - a prismatic reflecting element, on the third face F3 side (and even on the face F5 side), particularly opposite the light source, including reflecting prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2 (and even oriented towards the face F5 or towards the face F6) - a transparent redirection element on the fourth main face F4 (and even face F6), in particular prismatic, in particular comprising prisms between the source and the face F4, or a (macro)prism adjacent to the light source (in particular diodes preferably with side emission).

[0294] The redirected light propagates between the fourth face F4 and the optical insulating coating.

[0295] For example, the (macro)prism is based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), cyclic olefin (COC, COP) (co)polymer.

[0296] A prismatic element (with microprisms) is preferred for reasons of space, particularly for a side glazing (opening or fixed).

[0297] The light redirection element is in particular on the third face F3 (in the first configuration i)) is in particular in contact with the lamination interlayer or with a local adhesive, in particular a prismatic reflective polymer film.

[0298] Preferably, in order not to generate stray light escaping towards the second face F2 and diffusing, (the inner edge of) the light redirection element (peripheral) which is transparent and on the fourth main face F4 (for example, a prismatic element comprising prisms or a macroprism, of triangular cross-section, any other element: quadrilateral etc.) or is a reflective prismatic element (in particular a film), comprising reflective prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell, and the light redirection element is:

[0299] - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating

[0300] - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the insulating coating optical.

[0301] Preferably (in the first configuration i)), the light redirecting reflector element is a prismatic reflector element, preferably above at most 30 pm of the coated face of the optical insulating coating or in the plane of the coated face or closer to the third face F3.

[0302] The base or the apex of the prisms of the reflective prismatic element, in particular reflective prismatic film, is preferably above at most 30pm of the coated face or in the plane of the coated face or closer to the third face F3.

[0303] The reflective light redirection element may comprise a prismatic (textured) film (with a smooth (non-textured, non-functional) main surface and a textured, functional opposite surface), flexible and therefore curved to adapt to the curvature of the laminated glazing. In particular:

[0304] -a partially structured transparent polymer film forming (micro)prisms -and with a reflective coating (metallic, silver, aluminum) forming a conforming deposit-

[0305] -or a transparent (planar) polymer film, forming a substrate, with on a main surface a transparent (polymer) layer with an arrangement of (micro)prisms and with a reflective coating forming a conforming deposit-.

[0306] The (micro)prisms (reflectors) are oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2 (in the first configuration i)). The reflective coating is thus oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2.

[0307] The reflective light redirection element (comprising a textured film, in particular a prismatic polymer film, or a substrate film, in particular a polymer film and a textured, prismatic layer, as well as a reflective coating) can be bonded to the third face F3 directly or via at least one adhesive, or held by suction (strong interaction), in particular by the pressure of the assembly (in the first configuration i)). The reflective light redirection element is, for example, placed on the third face and, after the air is drawn out, a suction effect occurs.

[0308] The prisms may be of a height of at least Ipm and preferably of at most 100 or 50pm or 30pm.

[0309] The film, in particular the prismatic polymer or substrate of the microprisms (prismatic layer, organic for example), can be less than 200 µm, 100 µm, 80 µm or 50 µm thick, and even at least 30 µm thick. If the film is oriented (the reflective prisms) towards the third face F3, the substrate film can be tinted and even opaque or opacified. For example, it is a PET carrying the reflective microprisms, tinted and even opaque black.

[0310] Preferably the prismatic film has a total thickness of at most 500pm or even 400pm or 200pm or 100pm.

[0311] In particular, the light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, comprising reflector prisms, notably oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, arranged on the side of the third main face F3, is:

[0312] - on the third face F3, in particular in contact with the lower intercalated layer or an interlayer frame (clear) - especially if the interlayer is the same size as the coated substrate,

[0313] - in the laminate interlayer, particularly based on PVB,

[0314] - embedded in the lower interlayer, in particular based on PVB (with or without plasticizers) or in an interlayer frame (clear) around the perimeter of the coated film, particularly PVB-based (with or without plasticizers),

[0315] - on the lower intercalated layer, between lower intercalated layers, in particular based on PVB (with or without plasticizers), and a top interlayer (preferably with plasticizers) clear or tinted, or a frame interlayer around the perimeter of the coated film, clear, tinted and even opaque, particularly based on PVB (with or without plasticizers),

[0316] - on the front face Fa, in particular in contact with the upper intercalated layer or an additional intercalated layer, or rear Fb, especially in contact with the lower intercalated layer.

[0317] In particular, the light redirection element is a prismatic reflector element, which is a prismatic reflector film comprising reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3 and bonded to the face F3 by a local adhesive.

[0318] Preferably, the prismatic redirecting element (in particular comprising a polymer film and prisms) has a width (preferably less than the width of a masking layer) of at most 10 cm, or at most 5 cm, or even at most 2 cm, and better still, of at least 1 cm, and in particular a length similar to that of the linear (custom-made) light source. It could be a rectangular strip with rounded corners, for example.

[0319] Microprisms (equipped with the reflective coating) act in particular as reflective prisms and reflect the light that strikes them in a direction which depends on the angle of inclination of the prism surfaces and the angle of incidence of the light.

[0320] For example, a prismatic film comprises a transparent thermoplastic (polymer) film, for example, based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (a resin crosslinked, for example, by UV). A partially textured layer is preferred. For reflective prismatic films, a metallic layer (conformal coating), for example silver or aluminum, is added.

[0321] The transparent film of the prismatic film preferably has a light transmission of at least 70%, more preferably of at least 80%, very preferably of at least 90%.

[0322] Microprisms, for example, have a triangular cross-section. Prisms, for example, are contiguous.

[0323] For example, the total thickness of the prismatic reflector film is at most 500pm (in particular at least 30 or 50pm) and even at most the thickness of the lower interlayer and / or of the coated film (substrate).

[0324] An optical element (collimation element, etc.) may be placed between the light source and the fourth face F4, in particular an optical element fixed to the fourth face F4. The light source may be fixed to the fourth face F4.

[0325] Each light source (diode array(s), in particular a longitudinal one) on the fourth side can be associated with collimating optics or a collimator. The light source, with an optional collimator, can be fixed to the fourth side, either by direct bonding or by spacing the light source and attaching it to a peripheral support fixed to the fourth side. The collimator is located in the optical path of the light source. The collimator generates a light beam from the generally divergent light beam of the light source with a beam path that is preferably essentially parallel, or at least a less divergent, i.e., more concentrated, beam path. The beam cone of the light source is thus narrowed by the collimator. The principal direction of the radiation from the light source can be adjusted, for example, to form an angle with the normal to the glazing, for example, 22° to the normal to the glazing.

[0326] The collimator can be made of glass or transparent plastic, in particular polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The collimator is preferably fixed to the inner surface of the inner window, for example, by gluing. If the light source is designed as an arrangement of several LEDs, a separate collimator can be provided for each LED. However, it is preferable to use a common collimator for the entire LED arrangement. For example, in the case of a linear array of LEDs (particularly a longitudinal LED strip), a collimator can be used whose length is at least equal to the length of the LED array.

[0327] An intercalated frame layer above any light redirection element (in particular a prismatic reflector element) may be tinted or even opaque, black in particular to mask any stray light. The frame layer may be locally opaque (in a band) or opaque around its entire perimeter.

[0328] The possible inner peripheral masking layer (facing F4) may include a space so as not to block optical coupling in particular to allow the rays from the light source to pass to the light redirection element in particular prismatic element and even reflector.

[0329] This redirecting film (transparent) is, for example, longitudinal in shape, in particular rounded at the corners, for example the length of the clear glass. This redirecting film may be of a thickness of at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm and in particular of at least 50 µm, 100 µm.

[0330] Each light source and each light redirection element, including prismatic elements and even reflectors, can be offset from the glass pane, facing an internal masking layer. The redirection element (including prismatic redirection film) and / or the light source is, for example, at most 100 mm from the glass pane and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm.

[0331] The outer edge of the light redirection element, in particular prismatic element and even reflector (in particular prismatic film reflector), may be at least 10mm away from the first slice of the first sheet and / or the second slice, and even at least one of the following values: 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm.

[0332] In particular, for a liquid crystal cell with a thickness of at least 0.2 mm, an interlayer frame (of the same material as the upper and lower interlayers), notably based on PVB (or, for example, a pressure-sensitive thermosetting adhesive), surrounds and touches the first edge of the liquid crystal cell and is between and in contact with the two upper and lower interlayers. This peripheral interlayer frame forms part of the lamination interlayer. For liquid crystal cells with a thickness of 0.2 mm or less, the thermoplastic material can flow sufficiently.

[0333] Preferably for any liquid crystal cell according to the invention, a thickness of at least 300 pm is preferred.

[0334] The first edge of the liquid crystal cell can be at least 10mm away from the first slice of the first sheet (or the second sheet) and even at least one of the following values: 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm.

[0335] In the configuration with a carrier film separate from the lower support, to avoid the risks of breakage, bubbling, and "co-wrinkling" or pressure on the electroactive layer), the first edge of the liquid crystal cell and the second edge of the carrier film can be aligned but preferably to avoid a step due to the carrier film, the second edge extends beyond the first edge for example by at least 1mm or 5mm and even by at most 10cm or 5cm or 1cm.

[0336] And alternatively, or better cumulatively, to avoid the risks of breakage, bubbling, and co-wrinkling (pressure on the electroactive layer), the reflective prismatic film (its inner edge) is preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell (and even away from the first edge), for example, a preferred safety distance from the first edge of the liquid crystal cell and the inner edge of the prismatic film is at least 1mm, 10mm, 20mm or in particular 30mm.

[0337] In particular, the extraction means possibly between the optical insulating coating and the face F3 opposite the lower support are of a thickness of at most 50pm.

[0338] Naturally the laminated glazing can include a light source in optical coupling with the guidance layer arranged under the optical insulating coating (further from face F2 than the optical insulating coating), and means for extracting guided light in the guidance layer, which are on the third side face F3 or face F4 in configuration i) or on the fifth side face F5 or face F6 in configuration j).

[0339] The (each) light source can be detachable, added, sold separately or as a kit.

[0340] The extraction means can be temporary (detachable stickers) and therefore added or replaced, in particular on the fourth side (respectively side F6), or permanent, in particular on the third side (respectively side F5).

[0341] The (each) light source is preferably an array of light-emitting diodes (on a printed circuit board such as a PCB for "printed circuit board" in English, for example flexible), in particular a straight or curved strip.

[0342] Preferably, the diodes are surface-mounted components on the front side of a printed circuit board (PCB) with conductive traces. The width (or length) of a diode with a single semiconductor chip, generally a square diode, is preferably no more than 5 mm. The width of the PCB, in strip form, is preferably no more than 5 cm, better still no more than 2 cm, and even no more than 1 cm.

[0343] One or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the glazing or clear glass), and several sets of diodes, may be used. The light source(s) may be monochromatic (emitting in blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light, etc.; they may be continuous or discontinuous, etc. The light source may be extended linearly (rectangular strip such as a diode array) along one side of the glazing (longitudinal edges) or split (with similar or distinct light, for example, different color intensity, driven independently or simultaneously) along both sides.

[0344] The means for extracting light may define at least a first diffusing zone, for example with a width of at least 0.5mm, in particular a first diffusing zone that is solid and / or comprising a set of discontinuous diffusing patterns.

[0345] Laminated glazing may comprise a plurality of diffusing zones of identical or distinct size and / or shape. The extraction zone may therefore cover part or all the entire laminated glass according to the lighting or the desired effect (in the form of strips arranged around the periphery of one of the faces to form a luminous frame, logos or patterns, etc.).

[0346] The diffusing zone can be in several zones, for example each with patterns, identical or distinct, continuous or discontinuous, and can be of any geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.), and can form a design, a sign (arrow, letter...).

[0347] Under the optical insulating coating (further from face F2 than the insulating coating), means for extracting light, guided light in the guiding layer, are for example in the form of:

[0348] - laser engraving in the (mineral) guide, in particular second or third sheet sheet of glass,

[0349] - of texturizing (acid attack of glass, etc.), of textured film (particularly in the second sheet),

[0350] - or diffusing coating (or film), preferably transparent, with a binder and diffusing particles, binder (organic, mineral or hybrid) preferably transparent with a refractive index n5 greater than or equal to ni or n3 or n' 1 and n'3, in particular of at least 1.48.

[0351] The means for extracting light can thus be a frosted area of ​​the second glass sheet (respectively of the third glass sheet) or at least an area engraved in the thickness of the second glass sheet (respectively of the third glass sheet) or even diffusing elements, such as glass particles or fibers, incorporated in the lamination interlayer or the other lamination interlayer.

[0352] Beyond the addition of the optical insulating coating (and an extra-clear guiding layer), there are various ways to increase the luminance performance of laminated glass: by adjusting the extraction methods (choice of transparency level, blur, and diffusing particle content) and / or the LED light injection. The transparency level is sometimes chosen based on a compromise between transparency and luminance level.

[0353] Optionally, a diffusing coating forming light extraction means, preferably local or discontinuous (set of patterns, etc.), is opposite the liquid crystal cell and is on the lower interlayer, in particular thermoplastic, in particular PVB-based (for example, with plasticizers) – or the other lower thermoplastic interlayer, in particular PVB-based – and is in contact with the rear face Fb or, better, with the optical insulating coating. The diffusing coating on the lower thermoplastic interlayer may be in contact with the rear face (Fb, bare or with undercoat) or with the optical insulating coating (on the Fb face) or in contact with the F3 face.

[0354] Preferably the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer which is PVB-based, the entire lower interlayer and diffusing coating having a blur of at most 20%, the binder of the diffusing coating being organic, preferably chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane

[0355] When the extraction (light) means are a diffusing coating (printed ink) on an interlayer PVB or on the coated substrate rather than on the second (or third) glass sheet, it is easier to change the extraction pattern and tooling for printing on a flat film than on curved glass. For mechanical strength and especially for retaining glass fragments, it is also better to have the extraction on a coated substrate or PVB than on glass.

[0356] The diffusing coating, preferably transparent (in the off state), partially covers the lower interlayer (respectively the other lower interlayer).

[0357] For example, this diffusing coating (rear face side Fb) oriented towards face F2 is deposited on the lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB) (respectively of the other lower thermoplastic interlayer (PVB)) and preferably occupies at most 50% or 40% of the glazing, or of the clear glass, or of the lower interlayer (respectively of the other lower interlayer).

[0358] For example, this diffusing coating is on the F3 face or the F3 face side of the lower thermoplastic (PVB) interlayer (respectively of the other lower thermoplastic (PVB) interlayer) and preferably occupies at most 40% or 30% of the glazing, or of the clear glass, or of the lower interlayer (respectively of the other lower interlayer).

[0359] The binder of the diffusing coating can be a transparent ink. The extraction means are, for example, a diffusing layer in the form of ink on a polymeric film (such as PVB with or without plasticizer) made up of the lower interlayer or another layer.

[0360] Preferably the entire diffusing coating on its substrate (second sheet, third sheet, lower interlayer) has a light transmission of at least 80% and a blur of at most 30%.

[0361] In particular, the laminated glazing includes, under the optical insulating coating, means for extracting light, comprising a diffusing coating, preferably transparent, with a binder and diffusing particles, binder preferably of refractive index n5 greater than or equal to ni (or even n3) or n'1 (or even n'3), in particular of at least 1.48.

[0362] In particular:

[0363] - in first configuration i) the lower intercalated layer (thermoplastic such than in PVB) or the second sheet is the substrate of the diffusing coating, (thus on face F4 or F3 or rear face side Fb), possibly in contact with the optical insulating coating on the rear face Fb,

[0364] - in second configuration j) the other lower intercalated layer (thermoplastic such as in PVB) or the third sheet is the substrate of the diffusing coating, (thus on the F5 or F6 face or rear face side Fb), in particular possibly in contact with the optical insulating coating on the rear face Fb.

[0365] For example, the binder of the diffusing coating is organic, in particular crosslinked polymer, chosen from polymer based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, or even thermoplastic based on PVB, or even TPU.

[0366] The lower interlayer can be PVB-based and comprise 70% to 75% by weight of PVB, 25% to 30% by weight of plasticizer, and less than 1% by weight of additives. There are also PVB sheets with little (less than 10% or 5% by weight of plasticizers) or no plasticizer, such as the "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY.

[0367] When the substrate of the diffusing coating is the lower interlayer, a PVB-based substrate without plasticizers, or with a maximum of 15%, 10%, or 5% plasticizers, can be chosen. For example, the thickness of the lower interlayer forming the substrate is at most 200 µm, or even 250 µm.

[0368] An example of a diffusing coating on a polymer layer, in particular a laminate interlayer and based on PVB, is in document WO2021005162.

[0369] An example of a diffusing coating on a layer of PVB or glass laminate interlayer is in document WO2023285743.

[0370] For example, the binder of the diffusing coating is a polyacrylate polymer and the binder of the optical insulating coating is a polyacrylate polymer, in particular a polyacrylate with a fluorinated function and / or with low index nanoparticles or nanoporosity and / or hollows, especially if the coatings come into contact after lamination.

[0371] Preferably, the diffusing particles (dielectric, organic or mineral, for example metal oxides) have a particle size defined by D90 less than 2 pm, preferably of at least 100nm and even of at most 700 nm, in particular 400 nm ± 100nm.

[0372] Preferably, the diffusing particles are chosen from non-luminescent TiO2, SiO2, CaCO3, ZnO, Al2O3, and ZrO2 particles. Preferably, the particles have a (high) refractive index, greater than or equal to 1.8 or even 2 (greater than n5 in particular by at most 1.8 or 1.7).

[0373] Preferably, for the manufacture of the diffusing coating, a resin curable under ultraviolet radiation is chosen from among a reaction product between a thiol and an alkene (called thiol-ene), an acrylate such as epoxy-acrylate, polyester-acrylate, urethane-acrylate, silicone-acrylate alone or in a mixture of several of them.

[0374] The thickness of the diffusing coating is at most 100 pm, preferably at most 50 pm, and in particular at least 5 pm or 10 pm. The minimum may depend on the deposition method.

[0375] A thin profile reduces material costs, but the thickness can be adjusted to modify the visibility / luminance trade-off of the pattern.

[0376] Light extraction can be dynamic and the light source (diodes, straight strip in one or more sections) is driven to light up (for example gradually) patterns forming means of (geometric) extraction of the light guiding layer.

[0377] In particular, the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer which is PVB-based (with or without plasticizers), the entire lower interlayer and diffusing coating having a blur of at most 20% or even 10%, the binder of the diffusing coating being organic (polymer) preferably chosen from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane

[0378] The glazing may be side glazing, in particular opening and rear glazing, which includes means for extracting light, preferably in the form of a diffusing coating on the lower interlayer, forming internal light signaling in the form of extraction patterns in particular:

[0379] -of pictogram(s),

[0380] -and / or progress indicator (charge level of electronic equipment, vehicle, progress of journey), by progressively feeding extraction patterns (geometric, or even in the form of pictograms),

[0381] Internal illuminated signage located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, extending horizontally, in particular no more than 10 cm or 5 cm from the lower visibility limit of the glazing, and / or at least 5 cm or 10 cm from a longitudinal and horizontal light source below the lower visibility limit of the glazing. Thus, the extraction motifs are preferably equidistant from the light source.

[0382] In one embodiment, the glazing is a side-opening glazing, particularly a rear-opening one (single laminated glazing), with at least the first sheet having a first irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least a first The projecting portion is called the first overhang. The glazing includes a longitudinal light source extending horizontally below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, at a distance from a glazing fixing zone intended to be coupled to a window-lifting system, a support zone connected to the first overhang. The longitudinal light source is at least 5 or 10 cm away from any means of light extraction within the glazing area, such as a diffusing coating.

[0383] In a configuration of this embodiment, the inner glass is of reduced size, the second slice is straight, in particular horizontal, and below the lower limit of visibility of the glazing, the longitudinal light source is housed under the face F2 along the second slice for optical coupling by the second slice.

[0384] In another configuration of this embodiment, the second sheet has a second irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least one projecting portion, referred to as a second overhang, opposite said first overhang. The longitudinal light source is linked to face F4, and the glazing preferably includes a light-reflecting element on face F3 opposite the longitudinal light source, below the lower visibility limit of the aforementioned glazing.

[0385] Below the lower visibility limit, the "height" of the glazing may vary longitudinally between the rear and the front, said height being between the visibility limit and the lower longitudinal edge. For example, this height is at least 10 cm and at most 80 cm.

[0386] The irregular edge has, for example, a centrally curvilinear section forming a downward-oriented concave profile and the fixing areas are peripheral.

[0387] The opening side window is linked to a window regulator (for the vertical translation of said window relative to a door of said vehicle). A side window drive device is selectively controlled by means of an element, such as a crank or a button, to move the window vertically relative to the door, respectively between a closed position and at least one open position.

[0388] To ensure the connection of a side window with the drive device housed in the door, a distinction is generally made between a first type of connection implementing a pinch assembly and a second type of connection implementing a screw assembly.

[0389] In the case of a clamp connection, the connecting means comprise, for example, a Y-shaped connecting piece or pair of Y-shaped connecting pieces, in other words, a glass holder, notably fixed to the glazing by bonding. Each connecting piece (called a "holder" in English) cooperates with each of the faces of the glazing, respectively internal and external, said connecting piece being arranged in the vicinity of the lower edge located at below the lower visibility limit, i.e. in the non-visible area concealed in the door, in order to link the side glazing to the drive device while moving.

[0390] In the case of a screw connection, the side glazing has at least one fixing area (protruding), in particular central, sometimes two (protruding) fixing areas distinct depending on the glazing, in particular peripheral, which are made in the non-visible area located below the lower limit of visibility.

[0391] In laminated glazing used as side glazing, a particular type of glazing called "asymmetric" is distinguished, which is characterized by the fact that at least the shorter inner glass sheet does not cover the other glazing sheet(s) at the fixing area.

[0392] Thus, an asymmetrical glazing unit has an inner pane of glass that is not traversed by any means of connection between the glazing and the drive device, since said inner pane of glass does not have any fixing holes. The fixing area(s) have at least one fixing hole provided through the glazing. The fixing hole opening onto both faces of the glazing is intended to receive connecting means, said connecting means generally comprising an axis connected to the drive device, for example, a threaded rod. Consequently, from a mechanical point of view, the inner pane of glass in such an asymmetrical glazing unit is connected to the drive device only via the other panes of glass, that is to say, indirectly via the interlayer due to the assembly of the constituent panes of the laminated glazing.

[0393] To do this, the opening side glazing may have one or more holes partially or totally passing through the glazing, one or more attachment gutters or glass holders, one or more rails, or slides.

[0394] The opening side glazing may include at least one and preferably at least two glazing doors having, for example in cross-section, substantially an inverted U shape or even an inverted h shape. Parallel walls of the h shape enclose the glazing 2 in its lower part, and a tail is then substantially in line with the glazing.

[0395] This h-shaped glass carrier allows the transmission of forces between the glass carrier and the glass over a large area corresponding to the sum of the inner areas of the parallel walls; however, it is quite possible to use a simple plate, this plate having for example at least two parts: a first part for cooperation with the glass and a second part for cooperation with the glass drive mechanism (raising / lowering).

[0396] Since the glazing is curved, the parallel walls and / or the tail may be curved.

[0397] The glass door(s) is / are, for example, glued using an adhesive by An example of polyurethane is used, then "mounted" on the glazing, meaning that it is (or they are) positioned so that the glazing is present in the U-shape, either fully engaged or not, by inserting a plastic insert material, such as polypropylene, between the parallel walls and the glazing. In a variation, an in-situ injection of adhesive material is proposed to form the insert material, which is a thermoplastic hot-melt resin, for example, based on polyamide. The glazing supports used are, for example, metallic, made of aluminum alloy.

[0398] sheets

[0399] The thickness of the first sheet of glazing is preferably at most 4mm, or even at most 2.5mm, even at most 2.2mm - in particular 1.9mm, 1.8mm, 1.6mm and 1.4mm - and even at least 0.7mm thick, for example with a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 in the visible.

[0400] The second sheet (preferably curved) is in particular of a thickness of at least 0.7 mm (to promote light guidance where appropriate), possibly less than that of the first sheet of glass, even by no more than 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even by no more than 1.3 mm or by no more than 1 mm, the total thickness of the first and second sheets preferably being strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm.

[0401] The first and second leaves (and possible third leaf) may be of shape and size in particular substantially identical, for example general rectangular or quadrilateral shape (longitudinal edges not parallel in particular for the roofs of vehicles in particular road vehicles), possibly rounded corners.

[0402] The first sheet may be larger than the second sheet, thus exceeding the second sheet on at least part (one side or several adjacent or opposite sides) of its perimeter, and possibly the second sheet (on the passenger compartment side) may be smaller with a second edge set back, in particular, by no more than 10 or 5 cm from the first edge of the first sheet of glass, on one or more edges (longitudinal and / or lateral), in particular, or around its entire perimeter. In particular, the second sheet is optically coupled by its second edge to a light source (as already described).

[0403] Alternatively or even cumulatively, the second sheet may be larger than the third sheet, thus exceeding the third sheet on at least part (one side or several adjacent or opposite sides) of its perimeter, and possibly the third sheet (passenger compartment side) may be smaller with a third section set back, in particular by no more than 10 or 5 cm from the second section of the second sheet of glass, on one or more edges (longitudinal and / or lateral) especially or all around, particularly useful when the third leaf is optically coupled by its third edge to a light source (as already described).

[0404] The layer thickness(es) between the second face F2 and the third face F3 (respectively between F4 and F5) being preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm and in particular the thickness of the lamination interlayer (respectively other lamination interlayer) being at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the guiding zone

[0405] The thickness between the first face Fl and the fourth face F4 (where applicable between Fl and F6) is preferably at most 9mm or 7mm, especially for a road vehicle.

[0406] The first mineral glass sheet may be based on silica, soda-lime, preferably silicosodocalcium, or even aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and preferably has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) of at least 0.4% and preferably of no more than 1.5%.

[0407] To limit absorption (when the guiding layer includes the second sheet), the second mineral glass sheet may be, in particular, based on silica, soda-lime, silicosodocalcium, aluminosilicate, or borosilicate, and has a total iron oxide content (expressed as Fe2O3) by weight of not more than 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably not more than 0.03% (300 ppm) and not more than 0.015% (150 ppm), and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. The redox potential of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0408] The second sheet can be made of polymer in particular based on polyurethane (PU) typically with ni of about 1.47, polycarbonate (PC) typically with ni of about 1.59, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) typically with ni of about 1.47, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with ni of about 1.54.

[0409] The second sheet can be flexible to follow the curvature of the first curved or pre-formed sheet.

[0410] The first sheet of glass, and even the second and / or third sheet of glass chosen, can be produced by the "float" process allowing to obtain a perfectly flat and smooth sheet, or by drawing or rolling processes.

[0411] Examples of glass include float glass of classic soda-lime composition, possibly hardened or tempered by thermal or chemical means, aluminum or sodium borosilicate, or any other composition.

[0412] The clear area of ​​the laminated glazing is a central zone.

[0413] The lamination interlayer can occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or even 100% of the glazing surface.

[0414] The second face F2 can be the tin face (of the float glass) or the opposite face or the first face Fl can be the tin face.

[0415] The third face F3 can be the tin face or the fourth face F4 can be the tin face. The fifth face F5 can be the tin face or the sixth face F6 can be the tin face.

[0416] Regarding the liquid crystal cell, the lower and / or upper electrode comprises (or is) for example a conductive metal oxide layer or a silver-based layer, for example, a multilayer coating. The electrode (lower and / or upper) is in particular a multilayer electroconductive coating, which is a stack of functional layer(s) that are a transparent conductive oxide, for example ITO, IZO, AZO, SnO2:F, or metallic (silver, etc.), the functional layer(s) being generally interposed between dielectric layers based on oxides, nitrides, and / or nitride oxides on the so-called front face oriented towards the electroactive layer. In particular, the lower and upper electrodes (coatings) are of the same type and even of the same thickness, and / or the lower and upper substrates are of the same type (glass or polymer) and even of the same thickness.

[0417] Furthermore, laminated glazing may include at least one of the following functional elements:

[0418] - an internal opaque element, preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell, peripheral which is between the second face F2 and third face F3 (and even between an internal masking layer and the third face F3), in particular masking of a light source and a light redirection element which are on the F4 face side, in particular transparent prismatic film or reflector,

[0419] - an internal electroconductive coating, in particular reflective of infrared (solar control), such as a stack of silver layer(s), on the second side F2 on the first sheet, clear, or on an additional film, particularly a polymer, or even on the upper support,

[0420] - an external electroconductive coating, in particular reflective of infrared (low emissivity), such as a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer stack (in particular based on indium tin oxide (ITO)), on the fourth face F4 of the second mineral glass sheet (in the first configuration i)), or the sixth face F6 of the third mineral glass sheet (in the second configuration j)).

[0421] In the case of a particular roof, the internal masking layer is not necessarily opaque enough to prevent stray light from entering, the light source being on the fourth face F4. Therefore, an internal opaque element may be desired, peripheral and between the second and third faces F2 and F3, specifically between this internal masking layer (delimiting the glass area) and the third face, or even replacing this internal masking layer.

[0422] The internal opaque element masks the light source (the light points of the source) which is on the fourth face (F4) or even masks the light redirection element (in particular prismatic element and even reflector, optical redirection film) opposite the light source.

[0423] An internal opaque element of the same or similar color to the internal opaque masking layer (optional), in particular black, is preferred.

[0424] This internal opaque element, preferably black, and preferably under the internal black masking layer, is selected from:

[0425] - a piece within the interleaf (black, with black coating, metallic piece, polymer, etc.),

[0426] - in particular a film, especially a polymer (non-adhesive) film inserted within the interlayer, in particular tinted film (opaque film (thermoplastic) in mass or with an opaque layer, for example, placed or glued onto the peripheral part of the transparent film,

[0427] - in particular an opaque layer for example on the peripheral part of the film transparent (of the coated substrate),

[0428] - or interlayer, in particular thermoplastic such as PVB (area - outside clear of glass - of the lower or additional interlayer or frame or upper layer locally opaque or all around).

[0429] The internal opaque element can extend upstream of the injection zone (from the outer edge of the light direction element, in particular prismatic element and even reflector) to the edge or at least 1cm or 5mm from the edge of the glazing (for example first and / or second edge).

[0430] This internal opaque element may preferably have a light transmission of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, 1% or 0.5% or even zero.

[0431] An example of opaque PVB containing black pigments is the product called RB 17830000 Vanceva absolute black® sold by Saflex.

[0432] The laminated glazing according to the invention can therefore also include a layer reflecting or absorbing infrared, on face F2 or on a transparent polymer film (PET etc) between two interlayers or even on the upper support, in particular a stack of thin layers comprising at least one metallic layer such as silver (and even 2 or 3 or 4), the or each silver layer being arranged between dielectric layers on face F2 or at ITO for face F4 or F6.

[0433] Examples of ITO stacking for face F4 or F6 include those described in US patent 2015 / 0146286, on face F4, particularly in examples 1 to 3.

[0434] An infrared-reflective coating is also known in patent application WO2018 / 206236 and in particular:

[0435] - a dielectric coating comprising dielectric layers such as layers of silicon nitride and / or silicon oxide, - a functional layer based on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) such as an indium tin oxide (ITO) based layer, - a dielectric coating comprising dielectric layers such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide layers.

[0436] The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, incorporating the aforementioned illuminable laminated glazing of the invention, in particular the laminated glazing being a fixed roof (canopy).

[0437] In particular, for a fixed roof (canopy) the width of the glazing is from 85 cm to 1.4 m and the length from 75 cm to 1.65 m.

[0438] In this application, the term "road vehicle" means a car, in particular a utility vehicle (van, light van, delivery van) under 3.5 tonnes (light utility vehicle) or a truck or a shuttle, small public, private or public transport vehicle.

[0439] Other details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from reading the examples according to the invention illustrated by the following figures.

[0440] Fig. 1 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 100 of a road vehicle according to the invention and also showing a detailed view of a light redirection reflector element (also referred to in the description as "prismatic reflector film" thus used to redirect light).

[0441] Fig. 1a to 1d each represent a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal cell, inserted into the laminated glazing of Fig. 1 and comprising a barrier element.

[0442] Figures 1 to 11 each represent a schematic front view of an illuminable laminated glazing of a road vehicle forming a side window opening preferably at the rear with the laminated glazing similar to that of [Fig. 1].

[0443] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 200 limable laminated glass unit for a road vehicle according to a second embodiment. Figure 2' shows a schematic top view of the glass unit in Figure 2.

[0444] Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 300-unit illuminated laminated glass unit for a road vehicle according to a third embodiment. Figure 3 illustrates a schematic front view of a side window of Figure 3.

[0445] Fig. 4 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 400 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a fourth embodiment.

[0446] Fig. 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a fifth embodiment.

[0447] Fig. 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the fifth embodiment.

[0448] Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 600 illuminateable laminated glass panel of a road vehicle according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. Figure 6 illustrates a schematic front view of a side window of Figure 6.

[0449] Fig. 7 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 700 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a seventh embodiment, and shows a detailed view of the prismatic reflector film used to redirect light into the glazing.

[0450] Fig. 8 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 800 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eighth embodiment.

[0451] Fig. 9 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 900 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a ninth embodiment.

[0452] Fig. 10 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a tenth embodiment.

[0453] Fig. 10 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the tenth embodiment.

[0454] The [Fig. 10]” represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the tenth embodiment.

[0455] The [Fig. 10]'” represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1000 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a variant of the tenth embodiment.

[0456] Fig. 11 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1100 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eleventh embodiment.

[0457] Fig. 12 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1200 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a twelfth embodiment.

[0458] Fig. 13 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1300 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a thirteenth embodiment and with a third sheet.

[0459] Fig. 14 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1400 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0460] Fig. 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0461] Fig. 16 represents a schematic view of a road vehicle with different luminous and variable diffusion laminated glazing.

[0462] It is specified that for the sake of clarity the different elements of the objects represented are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0463] Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view, here lateral, of an illuminable laminated glazing 100 according to the invention in a first embodiment. Figures 1a to 1d each show a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal cell (DDPDLC), inserted into the laminated glazing of Figure 1 and comprising a barrier element.

[0464] This refers to a 100% illuminable, rectangular, curved (in one or more directions) laminated glass pane, which comprises:

[0465] - a first sheet of glass 1, for example rectangular (of dimensions (1600 x 1100 mm for example), with a first main face 11 corresponding to face Fl, a second main face 12 called face F2 and a first slice (with edges or longitudinal slices 10 and 10'), for example a clear glass

[0466] - a second transparent sheet, preferably mineral glass, 2, here likewise shape and dimensions of the first sheet 1, forming internal glazing, passenger compartment side, having a third main face 13 or face F3, a fourth main face 14 or face F4, and a second slice (with edges or longitudinal slices 20 and 20'), and of index ni, preferably extra clear

[0467] - between face F2 and face F3, a transparent laminate interlayer 3, with a slice here aligned or set back from sheets 1,2 in particular longitudinal slice 30 offset from longitudinal slices 10, 10' towards the center of the glass (therefore set back), here comprising: • an upper adhesive interlayer 31 polymeric, in adhesive contact with face F2 of the first glass sheet 1, for example based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), PVB for example clear of TL at 99.9%, • a lower 32 polymeric adhesive interlayer, clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), of 0.38mm or 0.76mm (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact with face F3, with a refractive index n3 of approximately 1.48 at 600nm, for example based on PVB (with plasticizers, for example at least 10% and possibly at most 30% or 20% by weight), TL clear at 99.9%, • an additional interlayer 33, clear, in particular based on PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight)

[0468] - preferably at least one light source 4 (diodes 4 on PCB support 40),

[0469] - a light redirection element 8, here internal and reflector

[0470] - an optical insulating layer consisting of an optical insulating coating 5 on a film carrier 5', between layers 32 and 33

[0471] - means for extracting 6 of the light (guided here in the second sheet of glass 2 and also in the lower interlayer 32), in particular in the form of a discontinuous or local diffusing coating

[0472] - a DDPDLC 9 liquid crystal cell, isolated by the insulating coating 5 of the second sheet of glass,

[0473] - an internal masking layer 7 forming either a masking frame (2 strips longitudinal stripes 71, 71' and 2 lateral stripes) or at least 3 stripes without the lower longitudinal stripe 71' (if the glazing is in a door for example), masking from the outside the edges of the film 5' and the device 9

[0474] - an internal masking layer 7 forming 1 upper longitudinal band, 2 side strips, masking from the inside the edges of the 5' film and device 9.

[0475] The second glass sheet (inner glass) 2 is for example a sheet of silicosodocalcic glass, extra clear such as Diamant glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass of TL of at least 91%, of thickness equal for example to 2.9 mm, glass of refractive index ni of the order of 1.52 at 600nm or Optiwhite glass of 1.95mm, or Sunmax glass of 2.05mm.

[0476] The first sheet of glass (outer glass) 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1mm Planiclear glass or even extra clear like the first sheet.

[0477] Alternatively, the outer glass 1 is with a tinted composition whose tint will be adjusted to suit the requirements (for example Venus VG10 or TSA 3+ or 4+ glass marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Glass.

[0478] The upper polymeric adhesive interlayer 31 is preferably PVB-based (with plasticizers, at least 10% by weight). The upper interlayer 31 is 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm thick (in one or two sheets). The upper interlayer 31 is clear or, alternatively, tinted, for example, 27% TL gray.

[0479] The lower polymeric adhesive interlayer 32 is, for example, PVB-based (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight), clear (as transparent as possible and with as few optical defects as possible), 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm thick (in one or two sheets) in adhesive contact with face F3, with refractive index n3 of approximately 1.48 at 600nm, for example PVB with TL at 99.9%.

[0480] By way of example, the lower interlayer 32 is based on clear PVB with little or no plasticizers, for example less than 20% by weight of plasticizers such as Eastmann's PVBRM11 or even less than 5% by weight, in particular Kuraray Optical Grade Thin Film, for example, with a thickness of at most 250 µm

[0481] For example, the additional interlayer 33 is made of PVB (with plasticizers, at least 30% by weight) in particular of thickness 0.38mm or 0.76mm (in one or two sheets)

[0482] The laminated glazing optionally comprises an IR-reflective coating on face F4, forming a low-emissivity layer. The transparent, single-layer or multi-layer infrared-reflective coating 15 comprises at least one electrically conductive functional layer, for example, of a transparent conductive oxide, in particular 1TTO. The infrared-reflective coating preferably comprises a dielectric sublayer, in particular silicon (oxy)nitride, and preferably comprises a dielectric toplayer, in particular silicon (oxy)nitride.

[0483] In the case of a roof or a fixed side panel, the internal masking layer 7 forms a masking frame delimiting a clear window 70 (daylight), here rectangular (see [Fig. 11]) with straight edges. The masking frame 7 hides the edge of the components, including the DDPDLC liquid crystal cell and the coated substrate. Any local modification of the edges 70 is possible (gradient of dots, wider area, etc.). For example, the internal masking layer 7 is:

[0484] - a black enamel on face F2,

[0485] - or black ink, on one of the faces of the upper intercalated layer of Preferably with the side facing F2, ink preferably PVB-based with black pigments if the upper interlayer layer 31 is PVB.

[0486] The liquid crystal cell 9 is arranged between the upper interlayer 31 and lower interlayer 32. Since the thickness of the liquid crystal cell 9 is 0.4 mm, an interlayer frame layer 34, 0.38 mm thick, made of PVB, clear, tinted, or even opaque, is added. The edges of the liquid crystal cell 9 are below the internal masking frame layer 7.

[0487] Outside the injection zone, the edge of the liquid crystal cell 9 is at least 10 mm or 15 mm from the edge of the glazing. The internal masking frame layer 7 (PVB, for example, opaque) is of a width adapted accordingly and can extend to be flush with the edge of the glazing.

[0488] The liquid crystal cell 9 comprises:

[0489] - a superior support 91 (polymer in particular PET or glass) with a coating upper electroconductor 92 (e.g. ITO) second side face F2,

[0490] - a lower 91' support (polymer, in particular PET or glass) with a coating lower electroconductor (e.g. ITO) 92' third side face F3,

[0491] - an electroactive layer 93 which is a PDLC layer, and spacers in glass 93', in contact with respectively the first and second electroconductive coatings 92 and 92' and the electroactive layer 93,

[0492] Preferably, if made of glass, one or both supports 91 and 91' are made of chemically tempered glass. Each of the supports 91 and 91' has a thickness of less than 1000 µm, in particular between 25 µm and 700 µm, preferably less than 300 µm, or even less than 200 or 100 µm. The glass thickness of each support is sufficiently thin to provide the liquid crystal cell with film-like flexibility when bonding the liquid crystal cell to the glass sheets 1 and 2, especially when the latter are curved. In particular, the glass thickness of each of the supports 91 and 91' is such that each glass support has a minimum radius of curvature of at least 600 mm and can even be as low as 200 mm.

[0493] Preferably, the lower support and the lower electrode extend beyond the upper edge in a first protruding zone and the upper support and the upper electrode extend beyond the lower edge in a second protruding zone opposite the first protruding zone (see figures 1a or 1b).

[0494] In these first and second salient zones, current supply strips 90 are added to the electrodes.

[0495] The glazing preferably comprises a barrier element 94, at the periphery of the DDPDLC device, separating the electroactive layer from the lamination interlayer, here of barrier element 31, 32 and 33, on the periphery of the electroactive layer. Figures 1a to 1d each represent different cases of barrier element.

[0496] In [Fig. 1a], the barrier element 94 here is external, comprising here a pair of coupled polymer barrier films, notably without plasticizers:

[0497] - covering all or part of the first protruding area and even extending onto the face upper face Fs and / or extending to the rear face Fb,

[0498] - covering all or part of the second protruding area and extending over the rear face and even extending to the upper surface.

[0499] In particular, it consists of two polymer barrier films: a first film which is a polymer frame (PET), notably of Z-section (three portions 941, 942, 943), coupled to a second film 944 which is a frame of rectangular section.

[0500] In [Fig. 1b], it is a 94', 94 joint which covers the first and second protruding areas, for example polymer, in particular epoxy resin or silicone.

[0501] In [Fig. le], it is an internal peripheral seal 95 which provides the sealing of the liquid crystal cell, for example polymer, in particular in epoxy resin or silicone. The internal seal 95 is for example 5mm.

[0502] In [Fig. le] the peripheral sealing joint 95' is external to both supports 91 and 91'.

[0503] It is generally preferable to conceal the barrier element from the outside and even from the inside.

[0504] To optically isolate a lower portion (with light guide and light extraction) from the upper portion (tinted, absorbent), the laminated glazing 100 comprises the optical insulating coating 5 on one face of a transparent film 5' called the carrier film. The entire optical insulating coating 5 and the carrier film 5' are referred to as the coated substrate. The optical insulating coating 5 is on the rear face Fb 52' (side face F3) of the carrier film 5', as illustrated in [Fig. 1]. Alternatively, the optical insulating coating 5 may be on the front face Fa 51' (side face F2) of the carrier film 5'. The face of the carrier film containing the optical insulating coating 5 is called the coated (or deposition) face. The coated substrate 5',5 is in adhesive contact with the additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32.The coated substrate extends throughout the clear glass and beyond, the second edge and the other second edge 50, 50' being under the masking layer 7.

[0505] The coated substrate 5, 5' is always disposed between the liquid crystal cell 9 and the second glass sheet 2 or between the liquid crystal cell 9 and a third glass sheet 2' when the glazing comprises three glass sheets.

[0506] In a first configuration i) which is illustrated in [Fig.1] and in which the glazing comprises only two sheets of glass 1 and 2, the coated substrate 5, 5' is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 (between the first sheet of glass 1 and the second sheet of glass 2), the second sheet of glass having a refractive index ni, preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53.

[0507] Preferably, the coated substrate 5',5 is between the additional interlayer 33 and the lower interlayer 32 and even in contact with the additional interlayer 33 and / or the lower interlayer 32.

[0508] The coated substrate 5', 5 is set back from the sheets 1, 2, in particular from the longitudinal edges 10, 10', 20, 20', in particular by a distance of at least 10 mm. The carrier film 5' and even the coated substrate is here less than 200 µm thick, or even at most 100 µm, and is protected at its periphery by one or both of the lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 (in particular, by thinning during lamination). If the upper interlayer is light-colored, the interface between the two lower and upper interlayers 31, 32 may be indistinguishable.

[0509] The carrier film 5' is preferably made of polymer and is distinct from a fluoropolymer and even from an optically cross-linked adhesive (OCA). The carrier film 5' is transparent but may be tinted.

[0510] The optical insulating coating 5 is made of a material, preferably a polymer, comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer (and even from a cross-linked adhesive material), of submillimeter thickness Ei, at least 400 nm and preferably 500 nm or 800 nm, and another second edge 50, optionally recessed from the second edge of the film 50' without compromising the optical insulating function. The optical insulating coating 5 may be directly applied or applied over a functional sublayer (barrier, etc.), transparent to the carrier film 5'.

[0511] The optical insulating coating 5 is transparent clear or optionally tinted.

[0512] The optical insulating coating 5 is made of a material comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer.

[0513] The optical insulating coating 5 has a refractive index n2 in the visible and with nl-n2 which is at least 0.04 in the visible and even at least 0.08 or 0.13, of submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400nm and even 500nm, and even at least 800nm.

[0514] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating 5 comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with an n2 index, preferably of at most 1.42 and even at least 1.35, the matrix preferably being among polyacrylate-based polymers with a fluorinated function, in particular urethane acrylate, fluorourethane acrylate, or fluorosilicone acrylate. The thickness is preferably at most 1 Opm, 5 µm, or 2 µm and at least 800 nm.

[0515] In one configuration, the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix with a refractive index n2m greater than n2 and less than ni, and preferably with n2m of at most 1.48 (and preferably n2 of at most 1.42 and even of at least 1.35), and comprising (nano)poroses and / or low-index and / or porous, hollow (nano)particles with a refractive index less than ni, in particular hollow particles of at most 300 nm or even 100 nm in size, for example hollow silica nanoparticles. The thickness is preferably at most 10 pm or 5 pm and at least 800 nm.

[0516] The matrix is ​​a cross-linked or thermoplastic polymer, in particular selected from polymers based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane, PVB or minerals, especially silica. A polymer matrix based on polyacrylate, polyurethane or even polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, or polyester is preferred.

[0517] Alternatively, the carrier film 5' is an ultra-thin glass and / or the coating 5 is porous silica.

[0518] To avoid creases and undulations, preferably the coated substrate can be located in a roof area with a curvature, a limited sphericity, in particular with a radius of curvature of at least 1.5 m. For example, the second edge 50 can be sufficiently far from the first and second slices of the sheets 1,2. The masking width on the sides and / or front and rear can be adjusted (increased) for this purpose.

[0519] For example the carrier film 5' is a clear PET of less than 200 pm (protected by fining of the interlayer 33 and / or 32) in particular of 100 pm or 75 pm, with a TL of about 90% or more.

[0520] In order to illuminate or light the laminated glazing 100, the latter further comprises a light source 4. In particular, the laminated glazing 100 comprises, in a manner masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7:

[0521] - light-emitting diodes 4 (here front-emitting) on ​​a support 40 (by (e.g., PCB) opposite (or offset from) the fourth main face 14,

[0522] - third main face F3, light redirection element 8, local, peripheral like a prismatic reflector film.

[0523] For example, the reflective prismatic film is a polymer prismatic film 8, as shown in detail in [Fig. 1] with:

[0524] - a flat part 81 (substrate for example PET of at most 100 µm) glued or fixed by suction on the third side F3 13,

[0525] - and a textured layer (by embossing, etc.), partially or even entirely textured, forming prisms 82 which become reflectors by a reflective layer 83 for example metallic (by conformal deposition on the textured prismatic surface).

[0526] Here the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued by an adhesive 60 on the third main face F3 13, it can also be held by suction.

[0527] The microprisms are schematically shown in cross-section as right triangles ([Fig. 1a]), but the apex angle can be adjusted to better direct light towards extraction methods described later. Similarly, the principal direction of emission of the light source can be adjusted (normal to the plane or at 22° to the normal, etc.). A collimator can be added between face F4 and the diodes.

[0528] For example, the reflective prismatic film 8 comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (reinforced resin, for example by UV) and a metallic layer (conformal deposit) allows the reflective prisms to be formed.

[0529] In another example, a transparent prismatic film (then on the fourth side) comprises a transparent thermoplastic film, for example based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on which the transparent prisms are formed from a polyacrylate (resin crosslinked, for example by UV). Alternatively, a macroprism can be used with the F4 face.

[0530] The prismatic reflective film 8 is in adhesive contact here with the lower interlayer 32. The prismatic reflective film 8 forms a longitudinal band like the linear type light source 4 along a longitudinal edge of the glazing for example as seen in [Fig.1]'.

[0531] Alternatively, the prismatic film 8 (parts 81 and 82) is a monolithic polymer film, for example preformed, and the reflective layer 83 is applied.

[0532] The light from the diodes 4 is refracted in the second glass 2, in the prismatic reflector film 8, and then redirected at a given angle towards the light extraction means 6, here on the third face F3, for example, diffusing ink, as transparent as possible if desired, and into the clear glass. The light rays propagate by total internal reflection at face F4, and:

[0533] -for some by total internal reflection at the interface between the lower laminated interlayer 32 and the second sheet up to the extraction means (via the surface on the face side F3)

[0534] - and even for others at the interface of the lower laminated interlayer 32 and optical insulating coating 5 and reach the extraction means 6 diffusing via the surface face side F2).

[0535] The prismatic reflective film 8 is here under the optical insulating coating 5, under the coated substrate.

[0536] Alternatively, a macroprism 8 or a prismatic film transparent on the F4 face side, downstream of the diodes, is chosen.

[0537] The diodes and / or their support can be attached to face F4 (by an additional part etc.), as will be seen later with reference to figures 11 and 13. Alternatively, the diodes are side-emitting, as will be seen later with reference to figures 12 and 14.

[0538] Alternatively, the additional layer 33 is the size of the device 9 and the coated substrate 5, 5' so an intercalary frame layer is added.

[0539] A single interlayer frame can be used depending on its thickness from the upper interlayer to the face F3.

[0540] Extraction means 6 are, for example, extended or point geometric patterns, in particular with a width of no more than 10 mm to avoid the shading phenomenon.

[0541] For example, the distance between the extraction means 6 and the diodes (or the prismatic film 8) is at least 10 mm or 40 mm.

[0542] For example, the extraction means 6 comprise a diffusing coating (disjoint and / or interconnected pattern network) in contact with face F3 and covering the plus 40% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion with the second sheet 2. The diffusing coating is deposited on face F3 (for example a semi-transparent enamel) or on the main face of the lower PVB 32 layer oriented towards face F3. The diffusing coating 6 is polymeric or mineral and is deposited by liquid means (by inkjet, screen printing etc).

[0543] For example, the diffusing coating 6 is on face F3 (or even F4), for example with an acrylate matrix, preferably with a refractive index greater than or equal to the index ni of the second sheet 2, with TiO2 particles of at least 100 nm in diameter and preferably of at most 1 pm or 400 nm. It is 10 pm to 100 pm or even 50 pm thick. The diffusing coating (for example, based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is alternatively deposited on the face of the PVB oriented towards face F3.

[0544] Alternatively, the diffusing coating 6 (for example, based on PVB with TiO2 particles of 100 to 200 nm in diameter) is deposited on the face of the PVB 32 oriented towards face F2, and is then in contact with the optical insulating coating (or in contact with the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face). For example, the diffusing coating (network of disjointed and / or interconnected patterns) in contact with the optical insulating coating (or the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) covers at most 50% of the clear glass area to promote adhesion of the optical insulating coating (or the back face if the optical insulating coating is moved to the front face) with the lower interlayer.

[0545] The luminous laminated glazing 100 can have a plurality of extraction zones 6 as illustrated in the figures, in particular of given geometry (rectangular, square, round ...). As an alternative to the diffusing layer 6 which constitutes the extraction zones (enamel, ink, screen printed or inkjet printed etc) it can be a film, locally, placed or bonded locally on the third face F3 or even fourth face F4 (prismatic film or with diffusing layer or diffusing in bulk) or between the PVB 32 and the carrier film 5'.

[0546] Light extraction can be dynamic. For example, the light source 4 (diodes, straight strip in one or more sections) is driven to light up (for example gradually) patterns (extraction means) of the light guide layer.

[0547] For the roof or for other glazing, the diffusing coating can form a luminous signage around the periphery of the side glazing (movable or quarter window) in particular rear in particular in the form of a load indicator and includes a plurality of (vertical or inclined) extraction segments and / or in the form of pictogram(s).

[0548] One can choose diodes emitting white or colored light for ambient lighting, reading...

[0549] Several series of diodes 4 (one edge, two edges, three edges, all around the periphery) can be provided, controlled independently and even of different colors.

[0550] In a particular example:

[0551] - the first sheet 1 of Planiclear clear glass, 2.1 mm thick - the upper interlayer 31 in clear PVB, 0.76 mm thick, - the lower interlayer 32 in clear PVB, 0.76 mm thick, and - the second glass pane 2 is Sunmax glass, 2.1 mm thick

[0552] - the DDPDLC (grey) 9 cell, 0.4 mm thick.

[0553] This glazing has in the ON state a TL of 32% and the colorimetric coordinates Ll* = 63, al* = 3.2 and bl* = 2.7 the blur in the clear state is 5% and in the OFF state, a TL of 4% and the colorimetric coordinates Ll* = 23, al* = -0.3 and bl* = -5; the blur is 95%.

[0554] In a particular example:

[0555] - the first sheet 1 of Planiclear clear glass, 2.1 mm thick, coated on the front 2 of a stack of thin films (solar control) comprising three layers of silver, - the upper interlayer 31 in clear PVB 0.76 mm thick, - the lower interlayer 32 in clear PVB 0.76 mm thick, and - the second glass pane 2 is a Sunmax glass 2.1 mm thick with a low emissivity coating on the F4 face, - the DDPDLC 9 cell, 0.4 mm thick.

[0556] This glazing has in the ON state a TL of 25% and the colorimetric coordinates Ll* = 56, al* = 2.2 and bl* = 7.1 the blur in the clear state is 5% and in the OFF state, a TL of 3% and the colorimetric coordinates Ll* = 20, al* = -1.4 and bl* = -2; the blur is 95%.

[0557] For a roof, the 4 edges of the DDPDLC 9 cell are masked from the outside by layer 7.

[0558] For a side glazing, the lower longitudinal edge of the DDPDLC 9 cell (and the film 5) are masked by the door, the bodywork.

[0559] Figures 1 to 11 each represent a schematic front view of an illuminable laminated glazing of a road vehicle forming side glazing in particular preferably opening rear in particular with laminated glazing similar to that of [Fig. 1].

[0560] With regard to figures 1 to 1h, the opening side glazing has an irregular lower longitudinal edge 10, 20, which is not straight, with a projecting central portion 101, 201, and recessed front and rear portions 102, 202 and 102', 202', for example, of concave shape. The upper longitudinal edge 10', 20' may be straight, horizontal, or Irregular. The side edges 10a, 10b may or may not be parallel. The opening side window has a mounting area 110. The mounting area 110 may include at least one opening, as schematically shown in [Fig. lg], for securing the window to the vehicle body. Alternatively, the mounting area 110 may cooperate by clamping with at least one support or window holder 9' at the lower edge 10, 20, as schematically shown in [Fig. lh]. There may be a single central mounting area 110 ([Fig. le], 11) or two mounting areas, referred to as front and rear (Figures 1g and 1h). The window has a lower visibility limit 701.

[0561] For example, in the raised position of the side glazing, the light extraction means extend, for example, less than 5 cm from this median portion, along a substantially horizontal axis (±1°), and the light source (and the reflective or transparent prismatic film) are longitudinally extended along this substantially horizontal axis (±1°). Preferably, the light source 4 is at least 5 mm from the irregular lower edge 10, 20.

[0562] In [Fig.lf], the glazing comprises three segmented regions of cells 9a, 9b and 9c, which are all connected to a common connector 41a.

[0563] In [Fig. 1], the opening glazing is rectangular with a straight lower edge. The light source 4 is positioned at least 5 mm from the lower edge 10. The glazing is either fixed or opening. The movement of the opening glazing is achieved, for example, by a retaining means that is positioned along almost the entire length of the glazing at the lower edge. The internal masking element 7 is preferably an enamel facing F2. The internal masking element 7 is, for example, a frame that surrounds the entire periphery or extends in three bands as described previously.

[0564] Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated glazing 200 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an embodiment of Figure 1; in particular, it is a car roof. This glazing 200 differs from the first glazing 100 in that The injection means are doubled by adding: another light source 4' on its support 40', and another prismatic reflector film 8' along the other longitudinal edge 10'. The longitudinal edges 10, 10' of the laminated glass are not parallel here ([Fig. 2]'). In particular, on each side, there can be a set of diode strips on supports 40, 40', either disjointed or connected to each other. They can also be placed on the front or rear edges.

[0565] In this glazing 200, the outer pane 1 remains clear, in particular a 2.1 mm Planiclear pane with an IR-reflective coating (silver stacking) 16, the assembly having a TL 71.8% (91% without the coating 18). Preferably an IR-reflective coating 15 is on the F4 face.

[0566] As a precaution in the case where the light source is not in a vehicle element, in particular here for the roof, to avoid stray light passing through the film and even the masking layer 7, an additional internal opaque element 7' is added to the right of each prismatic film 8,8' (of the same width and not exceeding the internal edge 80' of each film 8), here an opaque (black) ink on the front face 51' of the film 5' or a black PET film glued or placed on top or the frame layer 34 is opaque.

[0567] Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 300 lume laminated glazing unit for a road vehicle according to the invention in a third embodiment, forming a side window. The side window is, for example, hinged as illustrated in Figure 3'.

[0568] The opening side window (or even a quarter window) may have a lower edge that is not straight. In particular, a holder is placed on a downward-projecting median portion of the window (housed in the bodywork) for a window regulator system. For example, in the raised position of the side window, the light extraction means extend to within 5 cm of this median portion, along a horizontal axis (+- 1°), and the light source (and the prismatic reflective or transparent film) extends along this horizontal axis (+- 1°).

[0569] The glazing 300 differs from the first glazing 100 with respect to the stacking constitutive of the interlayer film of the laminate. Thus, the interlayer layer 3 comprises the additional interlayer layer 33 and another additional interlayer layer 33'. The other additional interlayer 33' is in direct contact with the DDPDLC 9 cell, opposite the upper interlayer 31. The additional interlayer 33 is in contact, on one side with said other additional layer 33, and on the other side with the coated substrate.

[0570] The outer glass 1 is clear, in particular a 2.1mm Planiclear glass.

[0571] The upper interlayer 31 is clear PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm.

[0572] The additional interlayer 33 is clear PVB with a thickness of 0.38 mm.

[0573] The other additional intercalated layer 33' is a layer of liquid OCA which is bordered by a spacer 36 made solid by a waterproof adhesive 37, the assembly 36, 37 making the seal when the OCA 33' is injected and allowing to give the thickness of gap between the cell 9 and the additional intercalated layer 33. The adhesive element 37 may be opaque.

[0574] The lower interlayer 32 is PVB Optical Grade Thin Film with a thickness of 25 pm.

[0575] The inner glass 2 is a 2 mm (2.1 mm) thick Sunmax glass.

[0576] In the mounted position, with the side opening glazing closed, masking can be achieved via a lateral peripheral seal or guide, but a width of at least 15mm or even 20mm. If the joint is not wide enough, it must be compensated for by the internal masking layer 7.

[0577] In the case of a side opening (door) window, an internal masking layer 7 is provided, and preferably an internal masking layer 7a. The internal masking layer 7a is congruent with the internal masking layer 7. The internal masking layer 7 is peripheral (visible in the mounted position) and at least 15 mm or even 20 mm wide, in the form of a straight band on the lower part or even a peripheral frame. The internal masking layer 7 is an ink printed on the PVB of the upper interlayer layer 31. At a minimum, there may be a masking layer 7 which is an upper masking strip (in the upper position along the top edge of the window). A lower strip does not necessarily require masking because the bottom is hidden within the door body.

[0578] A preferred safety distance between the edge of cell 9 and the light redirection element 8 (in particular the reflective or transparent prismatic film) is at least 10 mm. The light redirection element 8 (in particular the reflective or transparent prismatic film) faces this internal masking layer 7. And preferably the reflective prismatic film 8 between face F2 and face F3 is offset from cell 9 to avoid overpressure.

[0579] The light source 4 is here a straight strip 40 of diodes which is driven to progressively illuminate patterns (extraction means 6) of the light-guiding layer. The strip 40 has a width di, for example, of 15 mm.

[0580] With reference to [Fig. 3'], the light extraction means here, by way of example, form an internal light signal in the form of extraction patterns, in particular pictogram(s) 6' and a progress indicator by means of a progressive supply of extraction patterns 6. The extraction patterns, in the form of an internal light signal, are located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, extending horizontally, at least 10 cm from a longitudinal and horizontal light source 4 below the lower visibility limit of the glazing. For example, in the mounted position, the light extraction means extend along a horizontal axis (+- 1°) and the light source (and the reflective or transparent prismatic film) extends along this horizontal axis (+- 1°) over a width of 15 mm. The light source 4 maintains, for example, the same distance for each extraction segment.

[0581] The glazing 300 includes power supply connectors 41 which are in particular flat, for example connectors of the "FPC" type. One of the power supply connectors 41 may be a backup connector.

[0582] Fig. 4 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 400 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a fourth embodiment.

[0583] This 400 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - the additional intercalated layer 33 is optional (not present here), - an additional intercalated layer 33' is arranged in the form of an OCA film (self-supporting) which is preferably bordered by a spacer 36 allowing to give the thickness of gap between the cell 9 and the carrier film 5' of the coated substrate.

[0584] Fig. 5 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a fifth embodiment.

[0585] This glazing 500 differs from the first glazing 100 in that the reflective prismatic film 8 has micro-prisms oriented towards face F3. The reflective prismatic film 8 is specifically bonded to the lower interlayer 32 of the adhesive 60 (bonding localized to the reflective prismatic film 8). In particular, the lower PVB interlayer 32 has a hole in which the reflective prismatic film 8 is housed and bonded.

[0586] The reflective prismatic film 8 is disposed directly under and against the additional intercalated layer 33. The reflective prismatic film 8 is substantially in the plane of the coated substrate 5, 5' which is shorter in length than in [Fig.1].

[0587] In addition, the internal masking element 7 (enamel or ink printed on the upper interlayer 31) is replaced or supplemented by an opaque PVB frame 71 (the upper interlayer 31 in PVB is then shorter in length than for the glazing of [Fig.1]).

[0588] Optionally, the diffusing coating 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, is not on face side F3 or face side F4 but is printed on the face of the PVB 32 on face side F2.

[0589] [Fig.5'] represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 500' of road vehicle according to the invention in a variant of the fifth embodiment.

[0590] This glazing 500' differs from the first glazing 100 in that the reflective prismatic film 8 has micro-prisms oriented towards face F3. The reflective prismatic film 8 is specifically bonded to the lower interlayer 32 of the adhesive 60 (bonding localized to the reflective prismatic film 8). In particular, the lower PVB interlayer 32 has a hole in which the reflective prismatic film 8 is housed and bonded.

[0591] The reflective prismatic film 8 is positioned at a distance from the additional interlayer 33. The reflective prismatic film 8 is directly opposite the additional intercalated layer 33, the coated substrate 5, 5' being shorter in length than in [Fig.l].

[0592] In addition, the internal masking element 7 (enamel or ink printed on the upper interlayer 31) is replaced or supplemented by an opaque PVB frame 71 (the upper interlayer 31 in PVB is then shorter in length than for the glazing of [Fig.1]).

[0593] Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 600 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a sixth embodiment. This glazing 600 is a roof of a road vehicle such as an automobile.

[0594] This 600 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - the second transparent sheet 2 is shorter than the first transparent sheet 1, - the injection of light is through the longitudinal slice 20 of the second sheet 2 (the prismatic reflector film 8 is removed).

[0595] Diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 20 of the second glass sheet 2. The PCB support 40 is fixed for example by glue 60 (or a double-sided adhesive) to the face Fl of the first transparent sheet 1.

[0596] [Fig.6'] represents a schematic front view of the glazing of [Fig.6]. The glazing has a lower longitudinal edge 20 (below line of sight 701) which is straight and horizontal.

[0597] The internal masking layer 7 is peripheral (visible in the mounted position) and has a width dm of at least 15 mm or even 20 mm. The internal masking layer 7 is an ink printed on the PVB of the upper interlayer 31. As explained previously, an internal masking element 7a can be added to the side of the inner transparent sheet 2. The glazing also has an internal masking layer 7a.

[0598] The light source 4 is here a straight LED strip 40 which is driven to progressively illuminate patterns (extraction means 6) in the light-guiding layer. The strip 40 has a width of, for example, 15 mm. The light extraction means here, for example, form internal illuminated signage in the form of extraction patterns, in particular pictogram(s) 6' and a progress indicator by progressively powering extraction patterns 6. The extraction patterns, in the form of internal illuminated signage, are located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, in particular extending horizontally, by at least 5 cm, or even 10 cm, from a longitudinal and horizontal light source 4 below the lower visibility limit of the glazing. The light extraction means extend along a substantially horizontal axis (±1°) and the light source light (and the prismatic reflective or transparent film) are longitudinal and extend along this axis substantially horizontal (±1°).

[0599] Figure 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of laminated glazing illuminable 700 of road vehicle according to the invention in a seventh embodiment.

[0600] This 700 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - the extraction means 6 are on the rear face Fb 52' of the optical insulating coating 5, - the reflective prismatic film 8 has been moved while in adhesive contact with the additional interlayer layer 33 and reversed, the reflective prism (the reflective coating) is towards face F3, - an intermediate frame 35 to compensate for the low thickness of the coated substrate up to the longitudinal slices 20 and 20'.

[0601] Figure 8 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of laminated glazing illuminable 800 of road vehicle according to the invention in an eighth embodiment.

[0602] This 800 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - a 4' light source is added to its 40' support, along with another 8' prismatic reflector film. - The prismatic film 8 has been moved (detail view of this [Fig.8]) onto the rear face 52' and reversed; the reflective prisms (the reflective coating) are oriented towards face F3, glued with an opaque adhesive forming a masking 7' - we also doubled the film, flipping it 8' due to the addition of the light source 4' - the masking layer 7a is removed

[0603] The prismatic reflective films 8 and 8' are glued onto the coated substrate.

[0604] With such a configuration of inverted films, the substrate 80 and / or the prisms 82 and / or the adhesive 60 (on the bare Fb 52' face) may be tinted and even opaque, and the additional internal opaque element 7' may then be more optional (it has not been included here). Each inverted film (preferably with an opaque portion) may be adjacent to the coated substrate (internal edge 80' close to the second other edge 50').

[0605] An IR 15 reflective coating (not shown) can be added to face F4.

[0606] Optionally, the diffusing coating 6, for example a set of patterns of identical width, is not on face side F3 or face side F4 but is printed on the face of the PVB 32 on face side F2 so in local contact with the back face 52' of the carrier film 5'.

[0607] Figure 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a 900 illuminated laminated glass panel of a road vehicle according to the invention in a ninth embodiment. This glass panel 900 is a roof panel of a road vehicle such as a car.

[0608] This 900 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - means 4 and 8 have been doubled, the glazing comprising two light sources 4 and 4' and two prismatic reflective films 8 and 8', and optionally an additional internal opaque element 7' opposite the second prismatic reflective film 8', - the optical insulating coating 5 is on the front face 51' of the carrier film 5', therefore the carrier film 5' is chosen to be clear,

[0609] - the prismatic films 8 and 8' are moved to face F2 and are arranged in the plan of the carrier film 5'; - the lower interlayer 32 is limited to the right of the coated substrate and an interlayer frame 35 compensates up to the longitudinal slices 20 and 20'; the prismatic films 8 and 8' are integrated into the thickness of the interlayer frame 35.

[0610] Alternatively, the glazing 900 can be a fixed side glazing without doubling the means (light source 4, prismatic reflective film 8) or adding an internal masking layer 7a.

[0611] Figure 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glass 1000 for a road vehicle in a tenth embodiment, without an additional interlayer 33. The stacks and the various elements are identical to those of the glass 100 of Figure 1, except that: - the additional interlayer is absent, - the optical insulating coating 5 is directly on the rear face of the DDPDLC cell 9, being supported by the second substrate 91' of the DDPDLC cell 9 (which is shown schematically by dashed lines). The carrier film 5' is thus constituted by the second substrate 91' of the DDPDLC cell 9. - face F2 is coated with a transparent 16 reflective functional coating (for example a silver stack).

[0612] Only one light extraction means 6 opposite F3 has been arranged, but another extraction means 6 could be arranged.

[0613] The light injection can be doubled; layer 7 can form a frame (for a roof, a quarter window)

[0614] The face F2 can be coated with a transparent reflective functional coating 16 (for example a silver stack).

[0615] Figures 10', 10” and 10”' are variants of [Fig.10].

[0616] In the glazing 1010 of [Fig.10'] (relative to the glazing 1000 of [Fig.10]): - the prismatic reflective film 8 is reversed, presenting its micro-prisms which are oriented towards the face F3, - the prismatic reflector film 8 is attached to the interlayer frame 34 opposite face F3, - the light extraction means 6 are integral with the carrier film 5 of the coated substrate.

[0617] In glazing 1020 of [Fig.10”] (relative to glazing 1000 of [Fig.10]): - the prismatic reflector film 8 is reversed, presenting its micro-prisms which are oriented towards face F3, - the prismatic reflective film 8 is glued to the face F3 with a glue 60.

[0618] In the glazing 1030 of [Fig.10'”] (compared to the glazing 1000 of [Fig.10]), the masking element is formed of an opaque PVB 310 frame.

[0619] Fig. 11 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1100 of a road vehicle according to the invention in an eleventh embodiment.

[0620] This 1100 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - the lower intermediate layer 32 is limited to the right of the coated substrate and an intermediate frame 35 compensates up to the longitudinal slices 20 and 20'; - the prismatic film 8 is positioned on the outer side of the glazing, opposite F4 against the fourth main face 14 of the second sheet of glass 2, and is reversed (glued with an adhesive 6'); the prismatic film 8 is also opposite the light source 4, the prismatic film 8 is transparent, - face F2 is coated with a transparent 16 reflective functional coating (silver stacking for example).

[0621] Fig. 12 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1200 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a twelfth embodiment.

[0622] This 1200 glazing differs from the first 100 glazing in that: - the light source 4 (light-emitting diode array) is arranged on face F4 with the support 40 positioned against and oriented perpendicularly to the fourth main face 14 of the second glass sheet 2, the light exiting parallel to face F4, - a light redirection element 8 forms a beveled macroprism 8a and is coupled to the light source 4, the macroprism serving to redirect the light rays into the second glass sheet 2 which serves as a guide layer, - the face F2 is coated with a transparent reflective functional coating 16 (silver stacking for example).

[0623] Fig. 13 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1300 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a thirteenth embodiment.

[0624] This glazing 1300 differs from the first glazing 100 in that the light is injected through the longitudinal edge 20 of the second sheet 2 (the prismatic reflective film 8 is removed). The inner opaque element 7a is optionally omitted.

[0625] Alternatively, the second sheet 2 can be set back from the first sheet 1 to accommodate the side-emitting light source 4.

[0626] Diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 20 of the second glass sheet 2. The PCB support 40 is fixed for example by glue (or double-sided adhesive) on the edge 20. Alternatively the source 4 is housed in a hole in the second sheet.

[0627] In addition, light extraction means 6 are, on the one hand, in the guide layer 2 and against the third face F3, and on the other hand, at face F4 on the fourth main face 14 of the second glass 2, the extraction means 6 being spaced apart.

[0628] Fig. 14 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of an illuminable laminated glazing 1400 of a road vehicle according to the invention in a fourteenth embodiment.

[0629] This glazing 1400 differs from the first glazing 100 in that the source 4 is housed in a hole in the second glass sheet 2. The second glass sheet 2 has a through hole 17 covered by a cap 17' on the third face 13, a hole housing the diodes 4 and even the diode holder 40. A cover 17" can close the hole and be fixed to the fourth face 14. Two coupling holes can be provided, for example, along the front edge of the glazing 400. The intermediate frame layer 34 of the DDPDLC cell 9 (layer 34, which will be opposite the source 4 and at the edge of the glazing) can be locally opaque (and sufficiently wide) to mask the cap 17', the hole 17, and the source 4 from the outside, in addition to layer 7.

[0630] Fig. 15 represents a schematic cross-sectional view of a 1500 illuminateable laminated road vehicle glazing according to the invention in a fifteenth embodiment.

[0631] This glazing 1500 differs from the first glazing 100 in that it comprises a third sheet 2', of mineral glass or polymer sheet (PC, PMMA), with a fifth main face F5 15', a sixth main face F6 16' and a third slice 21', of refractive index n' 1 preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53, third sheet bonded with the second sheet 2 via another lamination interlayer 3' comprising another upper interlayer 31' and another lower interlayer 32' in contact with the fifth face F5 and of refractive index n'3 in the visible.

[0632] The coated substrate 5', 5 is then moved to be between the other upper and lower interlayers 31', 32' of said other laminated interlayer, for example in PVB or TPU or crosslinked material in particular crosslinked EVA.

[0633] The refractive index n2 is then less than n' 1, the difference in refractive indices n' l-n2 being at least 0.06 in the visible.

[0634] The injection of light is through the longitudinal (or lateral in alternative) edge 21' of the third sheet (the prismatic reflector film and the internal opaque element are removed) which is set back from the second sheet 2' for example by at least 1cm to accommodate diodes (here emitting from above or front) 4 plus the support 40.

[0635] The optical insulating coating 5 is on the front face 51', in contact with the other upper layer 31' of the other laminated interlayer 3'.

[0636] Alternatively, source 4 is housed in a hole in the third leaf.

[0637] The extraction means 6 are opposite F6.

[0638] Fig. 16 represents a view of a 2000 road vehicle with various luminous and variable diffusion laminated glazing, in particular showing the location of liquid crystal cells (DDPDLC): - lower or upper longitudinal bands 110, 210 of a windscreen 1', - full surface (here in two adjacent zones 210, 220) of a roof, - full surface (or in several surfaces) of the opening side glazing 300 and even of a quarter window 410.

[0639] Laminated glazing can thus comprise several adjacent cells. Between the two cells, there may be the material of the first upper adhesive layer, in particular PVB (by thinning, etc.) or another interlayer frame 34 of the cell, in particular PVB.

[0640] Between the two cells, we can have the material of the optical insulating layer (by fining etc) or of the first upper adhesive layer in particular PVB (by fining etc) or an extension of the external seal 34 of the cell, in particular PVB.

[0641] It may be desirable to mask all cell borders by the internal masking layer 7.

[0642] .

Claims

1. Demands Illuminatable vehicle glazing, particularly for road vehicles (100 to 1300), including: - laminated glass, preferably curved, comprising: - a first sheet (1), transparent, made of mineral glass, with a first main face (11) called face Fl, a second main face (12) called face F2 and a first slice, - a second sheet (2), transparent, with a third main face (13) called face F3, a fourth main face (14) called face F4 and a second slice, - between the first and second sheets, a multilayer polymer laminate interlayer (3), comprising an upper interlayer layer (31) on the second face and a lower interlayer layer (32, 34) on the third face, - between the upper and lower intercalated layers (31, 32), at least one liquid crystal cell (9), with variable light absorption and scattering, comprising a first edge, the liquid crystal cell containing an electroactive layer (93) comprising liquid crystals, a polymer phase and dichroic dyes, electroactive layer between an upper support (91) comprising an upper electrode (92) and a lower support (91') comprising a lower electrode (92'), the electroactive layer (93) being between the lower (94') and upper (94) electrodes, the lower support (91') being closer to face F3 than the upper support (91), - a guiding layer, with a refractive index ng in the visible spectrum, capable of guiding light by total internal reflection, - between the liquid crystal cell and the guide layer, an optical insulating layer, optically isolating the liquid crystal cell from the guide layer, optical insulating layer with a refractive index n2 in the visible, and with ng-n2 which is at least 0.04 in the visible, of submillimeter thickness Ei of at least 400nm, characterized in that the glazing comprises a coated substrate (5, 5') which includes: - a transparent film (5') called the carrier film, made of a material distinct from a fluoropolymer, with a main front face Fa (51') oriented towards face F2 and an opposite rear main face Fb (52') and a second edge, of submillimeter thickness Ef, - an optical insulating coating (5) which constitutes the optical insulating layer, made of material comprising a matrix distinct from a fluoropolymer, on one of the front faces Fa or rear faces Fb, called coated face, and another second edge (50).

2. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to claim 1 characterized in that in a configuration i), the coated substrate (5, 5') is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, the second sheet having a refractive index n1 in the visible, preferably being at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53, and in particular ng = n1 or in that in a configuration b), it comprises a third sheet (2'), of mineral glass or polymer sheet, with a fifth main face F5 (15'), a sixth main face F6 (16') and a third slice (20'), having a refractive index n1 in the visible, preferably of at least 1.48 and at most 1.6, in particular from 1.5 to 1.53,the third sheet (2') being linked with the second sheet (2) via another laminated interlayer (3') comprising another upper interlayer (31') and another lower interlayer (32') in contact with the fifth face F5 and of refractive index n'3 in the visible, and in configuration j) the coated substrate (5', 5) is between the other upper and lower interlayers (31', 32') of said other laminated interlayer (3'), in particular ng= n' 1.,

3. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower support (91') forms the carrier film (5), the optical insulating coating (5') being on the rear face Fb of the carrier film or in that the coated substrate (5, 5') being laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3 and distinct from the lower support (91'), the second edge extends beyond the first edge for example by at least 1mm or 5mm and even by at most 10cm or 5cm or 1cm.

4. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier film (91', 5') is a polymer, preferably thermoplastic, in particular polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), and the optical insulating coating is on the back face of the polymer carrier film and the coating

5.

6. optical insulator (5) preferably comprises a crosslinked polymer matrix with said index n2, preferably of at most 1.42, or in that the optical insulating coating comprises a matrix, in particular organic or mineral, with a refractive index n2m greater than n2 and less than ng, and preferably with n2m of at most 1.48 and n2 preferably of at most 1.42, and comprising (nano)poroses and / or (nano)particles of low index, of refractive index less than ng. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing comprises means for masking the outside of the first edge, and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, referred to as external masking means, and preferably the glazing comprises means for masking the inside of the first edge, and even the other second edge of the optical insulating coating, referred to as internal masking means, the external masking means comprising a peripheral internal masking layer, which is: - a coating on face F2, in particular enamel, or a coating on the upper interlayer, - or an opaque interlayer butted with the upper interlayer, called short, set back from the first layer and in that preferably the internal masking means include a peripheral internal masking layer which is: - a coating, on the face F3 or F4, in particular enamel, or coating on an interlayer of lamination under the lower support, in particular on the lower interlayer or an additional interlayer between the lower interlayer and the lower support or on an interlayer frame layer - or an opaque interlayer of the interlayer of lamination, under the lower support, in particular an additional interlayer between the lower interlayer and the lower support or on an interlayer frame layer. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the glazing is a side glazing, in particular opening, the other second edge having a lower longitudinal border below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, and in that the peripheral internal masking layer comprises an upper longitudinal masking band, in particular horizontal or even one or more internal side masking strips, and preferably the peripheral internal masking layer has an internal upper longitudinal masking strip or even one or more internal side masking strips or the peripheral internal masking layer forms a frame and in particular where the glazing is a roof, a light source for optical guidance and even with a light redirection element, such as a reflective prismatic film or transparent, are masked by said internal peripheral masking layer (7).

7. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coated substrate (5, 5', 91) is laminated between the second and third faces F2 and F3, and the glazing comprises a light source (4, 4'), preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, which is on the fourth face F4 and coupled to a light redirection element (8, 8'), which is: - a prismatic reflector element on the third face F3, in particular opposite the light source, in particular a prismatic reflector element comprising reflector prisms oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2, - or a transparent light redirection element on the fourth main face F4.

8. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light redirection element (8, 8') is transparent and on the fourth main face F4 or is a prismatic reflector element on the third face F3, comprising reflector prisms, in particular oriented towards the third face F3 or towards the second face F2 preferably offset from the liquid crystal cell, and in that the light redirection element (8, 8') is: - at least partially opposite the optical insulating coating (5), - or at most 4mm, preferably at most 1mm, from the optical insulating coating (5).

9. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a diffusing coating (6), forming means for extracting light, preferably local or discontinuous, opposite the liquid crystal cell, and in that the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer layer (32), which is notably PVB-based, in contact with the optical insulating coating (5) and / or on a face oriented towards face F3 and / or is carried by the carrier film and on the optical insulating coating (5), and preferably the diffusing coating is on the lower interlayer (32) which is based on PVB, the whole lower interlayer and diffusing coating having a blur of no more than 20%, the binder of the diffusing coating being organic preferably chosen from polymer based on polyacrylate, polyepoxides, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyurethane.

10. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing is a side glazing, in particular opening and rear, and in that it comprises means for extracting light (6), preferably in the form of a diffusing coating on the lower interlayer, forming an internal light signal in the form of extraction patterns in particular: -pictogram(s) -and / or a progress indicator by progressively supplying extraction patterns, internal light signaling located in a lower peripheral band of the glazing, in particular extending horizontally, at a distance, in particular at least 5 or 10cm, from a longitudinal and horizontal light source (4) below the lower visibility limit of the glazing.

11. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing is a side glazing (300) opening in particular at the rear with at least the first pane having a first irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least a first projecting portion called the first overhang, and in that the glazing comprises a longitudinal light source extending horizontally and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, at a distance from a glazing fixing zone intended to be coupled to a window lift system, a holding zone connected to the first overhang, the longitudinal source at a distance in particular of at least 5 or 10 cm from means of extracting light into the clear of the glazing in particular in the form of a diffusing coating.

12. Illuminatable vehicle glazing according to claim 11, characterized in that the inner pane is of reduced size, the second slice is straight, in particular horizontal, and below the lower visibility limit of the glazing, the longitudinal light source is housed under face F2 along the second slice for optical coupling by the second slice or in that the second sheet has a second irregular lower longitudinal edge having at least one protruding portion called second overhang opposite said first overhang, the longitudinal light source is linked to face F4 and the glazing preferably includes a light redirection reflector element on face F3 opposite the longitudinal light source, below the lower visibility limit of the glazing.

13. Vehicle incorporating the illuminable vehicle glazing according to one of the preceding claims.

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