GLAZING COMPRISING A FUNCTIONAL COATING AND AN ABSORBENT LAYER

Abstract

The invention relates to a material comprising a transparent substrate having at least one near-infrared (IR) absorbing layer and a functional coating. The functional coating is preferably deposited by magnetron-assisted sputtering, and the near-IR absorbing layer is preferably deposited by wet deposition. The aim of the invention is to develop solar control glazing with a transmission between 30 and 75%, offering both improved thermal performance, particularly very high selectivity, while ensuring the desired aesthetic appearance, i.e., the most neutral appearance possible.

Description

Title of the invention: GLAZING COMPRISING A FUNCTIONAL COATING AND AN ABSORBENT LAYER

[0001] The invention relates to a material comprising a transparent substrate having a functional coating capable of acting on solar radiation and / or infrared radiation and a near-infrared (IR) absorbing layer deposited under the functional coating. The invention also relates to glazing comprising these materials and to the process for producing such a material.

[0002] In the following description, the terms "functional coating" or "functional layer" mean "capable of acting on solar and / or infrared radiation," that is, giving the material an anti-solar and / or low-emissivity property. This property can be provided by a coating consisting of a stack of layers, typically an alternation of n metallic functional layer(s) and n+1 dielectric coatings.

[0003] These glazings can be intended for use in buildings as well as vehicles, in particular to reduce the need for air conditioning and / or to prevent excessive overheating, glazings known as "solar control".

[0004] Depending on the climate of the countries where these glazing units are installed, and in particular on the levels of sunlight, the desired performance in terms of light transmission and solar factor may vary. Consequently, different ranges of glazing units characterized by their level of light transmission are developed.

[0005] For example, there is a strong demand for glazing with a light transmission of between 30 and 75%, in particular around 60% and sufficiently low solar factor values.

[0006] The selectivity “S” allows for the evaluation of the performance of these glazings. It corresponds to the ratio of the visible light transmission TLvis of the glazing to the solar factor FS of the glazing (S = TLvis / FS). The solar factor “FS or g” corresponds to the ratio, expressed as a percentage, between the total energy entering the room through the glazing and the incident solar energy.

[0007] Another way to measure the performance of glazing is to determine the TL / TE ratio (Light transmission to energy transmission). In this application, the term "selectivity" also includes the TL / TE ratio.

[0008] Achieving high selectivity, and more specifically the TL / TE ratio, must not be at the expense of aesthetics, and in particular color. Generally, the aim is to obtain the most neutral aesthetic possible in terms of transmission and in external reflection, and even in internal reflection, as well as color stability at angles, that is, when observation is not at the normal angle to the glazing. The Color Rendering Index (CRI) is also one of the measurements of glazing aesthetics. The CRI is an index that measures the ability of a light source to accurately render colors.

[0009] The traditional approach to achieving both high selectivity and excellent aesthetics is to develop increasingly sophisticated functional coatings.

[0010] Known selective glazing comprises transparent substrates coated with a functional coating comprising a stack of several metallic functional layers, each arranged between two dielectric coatings. Such glazing makes it possible to improve solar protection while maintaining high light transmission. These functional coatings are generally obtained by a succession of deposits made by sputtering, possibly assisted by a magnetic field.

[0011] Conventionally, the faces of a glazing are designated from the outside of the building and by numbering the faces of the substrates from the outside towards the inside of the dwelling or room it equips. This means that the incident sunlight passes through the faces in ascending order of their number.

[0012] Known selective glazing is generally double glazing comprising the functional coating located on face 2, i.e. on the outermost substrate of the building, on its face turned towards the intercalated gas layer.

[0013] The invention relates specifically to highly selective glazing, for example comprising complex functional coatings based on metallic functional layers, generally silver-based or transparent conductive oxide-based.

[0014] Silver-based functional coatings are generally more efficient in terms of selectivity compared to other known infrared-reflecting functional coatings such as coatings comprising conductive oxide-based layers or other metallic or IR-absorbing layers.

[0015] These silver-based functional coatings are described as complex due to the number of layers they comprise, the nature of the materials used in these layers, and the adjustment of their thickness. The complexity of functional coatings makes it difficult to achieve both good thermal performance and a specific aesthetic appearance, for example, excellent color neutrality and good color stability at angles.

[0016] It is always necessary to improve the performance of insulating multi-glazing, in particular to improve their selectivity.

[0017] The more silver-based functional layers there are, the greater the potential for increased selectivity. Functional coatings exist, in particular, comprising 1, 2, 3, or 4 silver-based layers. The selectivities achieved in double glazing with these coatings are 1.2, 1.8, 2.2, and 2.25, respectively. Three-layer silver stacks are described, for example, in WO 2019 / 015917.

[0018] One way to further improve selectivity could therefore be to increase the number of IR-reflective layers. However, increasing the number of silver layers affects the transmitted spectrum of the glazing. This glazing takes on an increasingly green or yellow tint in transmission.

[0019] Document WO 2006 / 043026 describes a solar control glazing with very low light transmission, in particular laminated, comprising a solar control coating ("low E") on one surface and an absorbing layer that absorbs radiation with wavelengths greater than 400 nm on the other. The absorbing layers described are based on Ti or NiCrN and TiN. The light transmissions obtained are 14% and 15%, which limits the applications of this glazing to privacy glazing. The thermal performance is not optimal.

[0020] Document WO 2019 / 097192 describes a coated material incorporated into so-called "solar control" and / or "low-emissivity" glazing. The coating comprises an absorbing layer based on NiCr or TiN. The resulting glazing exhibits a selectivity of approximately 1.5 in a double-glazing configuration, which is lower than the objective of the present invention.

[0021] Document WO 2018 / 178547 describes laminated glazing whose color is modified by the use of a colored lamination interlayer. This glazing also exhibits insufficient selectivity compared to the highest-performing products.

[0022] US patent 5,792,559 also describes glazing units whose color is modified by the use of a colored laminate interlayer. It is known from this patent that it is possible to incorporate selective dyes into the PVB interlayer, dyes that absorb at a single specific wavelength to provide a desired color. This configuration is not that required in the present invention.

[0023] Document WO 2020 / 079375 describes a material comprising a functional coating on one face and a color-adjusting absorbent coating on another face. This absorbent coating has an absorption spectrum in the visible range. The "combined" glazing offers good aesthetics but reduced selectivity compared to glazing with the functional coating alone.

[0024] Colored glazing composed of a clear glass substrate onto which a colored coating is deposited, the colorimetric characteristics of which are easily adjustable and modifiable, is known from document WO 2018 / 197821. The coating consists of metallic nanoparticles in an inorganic matrix of an oxide, for example TiOx:Ag. In the various examples described, the colored coatings exhibit plasmonic absorption peaks at 550 nm, 480 nm, 520 nm, and 610 nm (Examples A to D) and 490, 440, and 420 nm (Examples E to G), respectively. Plasmonic refers to absorption related to plasmonic resonance effects of silver nanoparticles in a dielectric matrix.

[0025] Document WO 2022 / 263784 describes a glazing with high selectivity and very good aesthetics and comprising a functional coating and a layer absorbing element which has two absorption peaks in the visible.

[0026] Document WO 2023 / 222519 describes a car roof glazing comprising an outer / glass / magnetron layer / wet-applied layer / inner layer stack. The wet-applied layer provides scratch protection and contains visible-absorbing colorants. The targeted light transmission rates (LT) are very low, on the order of 2%.

[0027] The aim of the invention is to develop a solar control glazing, the transmission of which is between 30 and 75%, preferably between 45 and 65%, exhibiting both improved thermal performance, in particular very high selectivity, while guaranteeing the desired aesthetic appearance, i.e. the most neutral appearance possible.

[0028] The applicant has developed a new solution enabling this objective to be achieved without interfering with the complexity of current functional coatings.

[0029] The present invention also relates to a production method facilitated by the deposition of coatings on one side of a single substrate.

[0030] The inventors discovered that adding, under the functional coating, a layer absorbing in the near IR, in particular between 650 and 950 nm, and absorbing as little as possible in the visible, in particular between 450 and 650 nm, makes it possible to significantly improve thermal performance, in particular selectivity without significantly impacting the aesthetics of the glazing.

[0031] Preferably, the two coatings are in contact with each other, which means that no other intermediate layer is interposed between the two layers mentioned.

[0032] The invention relates to a material suitable for equipping a building or cabin by delimiting an exterior side and an interior side, comprising at least one transparent substrate, the substrate comprising two main faces, the material comprising at least two coatings deposited on the same main face, the second coating, furthest from the substrate being a functional coating capable of acting on solar radiation and / or infrared radiation, the material being characterized in that the first coating is an absorbing layer in the near IR.

[0033] The absorbing layer in the near IR is, in particular, deposited by wet method.

[0034] The functional coating is, in particular, deposited by magnetron-assisted spraying.

[0035] The material may have a light transmission TL of between 30 and 75%, preferably between 45 and 65%.

[0036] The absorbing layer comprises a matrix and a near-infrared absorbing substance. The near-infrared absorbing substance may be dispersed or dissolved in the matrix. The matrix may be organic or mineral. An organic matrix may, for example, be based on a transparent or colored polymer, particularly a thermoplastic. The organic matrix may be based on a polymer selected from polycarbonates, acrylic resins, polyimides, polyesters, silicone resins (polysiloxane), polysulfones, inorganic resins, polyurethanes, etc.

[0037] The absorbent layer is, for example, deposited from a liquid composition comprising at least one near-IR absorbing substance, a matrix, and optionally a solvent. If a solvent is present, it may be a ketone. In particular, the layer undergoes a curing step, which may be drying or UV or IR curing.

[0038] Advantageously, the absorbing layer has an absorption of between 80 and 100%, preferably between 90% and 100%, more preferably between 92% and 100%, in wavelengths between 680 and 780, preferably 650 to 800nm.

[0039] Preferably, the absorbent layer has an absorption of less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, between 450 and 630 nm.

[0040] Generally, the functional coating is a stack of thin films comprising one or more metallic functional layers, each disposed between two dielectric coatings. Advantageously, the functional layer(s) are Ag-based layers, each disposed between two dielectric coatings.

[0041] The functional coating may, in particular, comprise one, two, three, or four metallic functional layers. According to these embodiments: - the functional coating includes at least one functional silver-based metallic layer, or - the functional coating comprises at least two functional silver-based metallic layers, or - the functional coating comprises at least three functional silver-based metallic layers.

[0042] The silver-based metallic functional layers comprise at least 95.0%, preferably at least 96.5%, and more preferably at least 98.0% by mass of silver relative to the mass of the functional layer. Preferably, a metallic layer silver-based functional layer comprises less than 1.0% by mass of metals other than silver relative to the mass of the silver-based functional metallic layer.

[0043] The solution of the invention remains advantageous regardless of the nature of the functional coating. Alternatively, the functional coating may be a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) based coating.

[0044] In particular the substrate is made of glass, especially silico-sodo-calcic or of polymeric organic matter.

[0045] Advantageously, the material has a color index a*T between -10 and 5, preferably between -8 and 2 and a color index b*T between -5 and 6 and preferably between -3 and 5.

[0046] Preferably, the material has a color index a*Rext between -6 and 4, preferably between -5 and 2 and a color index b*Rext between -10 and 1 and preferably between -9 and 0.

[0047] The present invention also relates to glazing comprising a material described above, which can be in the form of monolithic glazing, double glazing, triple glazing or multiple glazing.

[0048] Advantageously, when the material according to the invention comprises at least two transparent substrates, the two coatings are arranged on the inner face of the outermost substrate (face 2) when the faces are numbered from the outside in.

[0049] The present invention also relates to a method for producing a material suitable for equipping a building or dwelling by defining an exterior and an interior side, characterized in that it consists of depositing, by wet application, onto a substrate, a near-IR absorbent layer, and then depositing, by magnetron-assisted spraying, onto the previously hardened absorbent layer, a functional coating capable of acting on solar radiation and / or infrared radiation

[0050] In particular, the near-IR absorbing layer is deposited from a liquid composition comprising at least one near-IR absorbing substance, a polymeric matrix and optionally a solvent.

[0051] All the luminous characteristics described are obtained according to the principles and methods of the European standard EN 410 relating to the determination of the luminous and solar characteristics of glazing used in glass for construction.

[0052] The luminous characteristics are measured with respect to illuminant D65 at 2° perpendicular to the material mounted in a double glazing unit (unless otherwise specified):

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] - TL corresponds to the light transmission in the visible spectrum in %; - g corresponds to the ratio in % between the total energy entering the room through the glazing and the incident solar energy; - S corresponds to the TL / g ratio; -TE corresponds to the energy transmission in %; - RE corresponds to the energy reflection in %; - AE corresponds to the energy absorption in %; - RLext corresponds to the light reflection in the visible spectrum as a percentage, from the observer's perspective on the outside of space. - Absorption is measured on the outside and follows the formula: Aext=l-TL-Rext, - a*T and b*T correspond to the colors in transmission a* and b* in the L*a*b* system, - a*T 30, a*T 45 a*T 60, a*T 75 and b*T 30, b*T 45 b*T 60, b*T 75 correspond to the colors in transmission a* and b* in the L*a*b* system with an observer located at an angle of 30, 45, 60, 75 degrees respectively from the normal; - a*Rext and b*Rext correspond to the colors in reflection a* and b* in the L*a*b* system, observer on the outside space side; - a*Rext 30, a* Rext 45, a* Rext 60, a* Rext 75, and b* Rext 30, b* Rext 45, b* Rext 60 and b* Rext 75, correspond to the colors in reflection a* and b* in the L*a*b* system, observer on the outside space side and located at an angle of 30, 45, 60 and 75 degrees respectively with respect to the normal; - CRI T is the color rendering index in transmission, it accounts for 8 initial test colors which correspond to colors of moderate saturation and similar average brightness; - CRI R9 T is a score that represents the accuracy with which a light source reproduces an intense red color; - A c* T corresponds to: a er = With — o and ctpT and the colors of the layer / product measured in transmission. The glazing according to the invention is mounted on a building or a vehicle. The invention therefore also relates to glazing mounted on a vehicle or on a building. A building's glazing generally delineates two spaces: an "exterior" space and an "interior" space. Sunlight entering a building is considered to travel from the outside to the inside.

[0056] In a double glazing configuration, the present invention makes it possible to obtain a very high selectivity S (in DGU) in particular greater than 2.0 or even greater than 2.1, a solar factor (g) of less than 30%, or even less than 28%, neutral colours in transmission and external reflection.

[0057] Unless otherwise specified, the expressions "above" and "below" do not necessarily mean that two layers and / or coatings are in contact with each other. When it is specified that a layer is deposited "in contact" with another layer or coating, this means that there cannot be one (or more) layer(s) interposed between these two layers (or layer and coating).

[0058] In this description, unless otherwise indicated, the expression "based on", used to describe a material or layer as to what it contains, means that the mass fraction of the constituent it comprises is at least 50%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 90%.

[0059] The details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the following non-limiting examples with reference to the figures, in which: Fig. 1 represents a single substrate with the stacking of two coatings according to the invention; Figure 2 represents three possible glazing configurations according to the invention; [Fig.3] represents the improvement brought about by the invention in terms of selectivity; and [Fig.4] represents the improvement brought about by the invention in terms of CRI. Examples#

[0060] Fig. 1 represents a glass substrate (1) coated with a wet-deposited layer (2) and then with a magnetron-deposited layer (3). Figure [Fig. 2] represents three possible glazing configurations. Fig. 2 a) represents a double glazing. Two glass substrates (1) are connected by a peripheral interlayer (4). Figure [Fig. 2] b) represents a multiple glazing. Layer (5) represents a laminated interlayer. Fig. 2 c) represents triple glazing. Example 1

[0061] I. Absorbent Layer#

[0062] An absorbing layer whose absorption profile corresponds to the profile of [Fig.5] is deposited on a clear soda-lime glass substrate with a thickness of 4 mm. I. Functional Coating #

[0063] Functional coatings with one / two / three layers of Ag respectively were deposited using a magnetic field assisted sputtering device (magnetron), on the absorbing layer.

[0064] They exhibit the following stacking arrangements:

[0065] Example la:

[0066] Glass / Di 1 / CF 1 / B1 / Di2 / Di3 Example 1b#:

[0067] Glass / Dil / CFI / B1 / Di2 / CF2 / B2 / Di3, For example:

[0068] Glass / Dil / CFI / B1 / Di2 / CF2 / B2 / Di3 / CF3 / B3 / Di4

[0069] where: - the functional metallic layers (CF) are silver (Ag) layers; - the blocking layers (B) are metallic layers made of NiCr; - dielectric coatings (Di) include mixed zinc and tin oxide (SnZnOx) layers, silicon nitride (Si3N4) layers, and zinc oxide (ZnO) layers. III. Glazing configuration.

[0070] A double glazing unit has been assembled in a traditional manner so as to obtain the assembly as shown in [Fig.2] a. It presents, from the outside in: Substrate 1 / Absorbent layer / Functional coating / / cavity / substrate 2 in which the cavity is 16 mm and is filled with 90% argon and 10% air. With substrate 1 6 mm thick and substrate 2 4 mm thick.

[0071] IV. "Solar control" and colorimetry performance

[0072] Table 1 below lists the main optical characteristics obtained. The results obtained for examples 1a, 1b and 1e are compared to Ref.1, Ref 1b, Ref.1c which correspond to glazing of the same configuration, with the functional coating alone, without the absorbing layer.

[0073] [Tables 1] Ref.l Ex. la Ref.lb Ex.lb Ref.lc Ex. le TL 82.83 73.28 74.56 66.19 69.97 62.09 TE 62.51 36.00 38.26 24.54 31.02 22.55 L*_T 92.95 88.60 89.17 85.11 87.00 82.99 a*_T -2.31 -1.20 -4.03 -1.82 -4.04 -1.82 b*_T 1.98 2.25 3.00 3.33 2.56 2.79 L*_T_45 92.73 87.01 88.47 83.14 86.09 80.79 a*_T_45 -4.54 -0.89 -6.11 -1.54 -2.72 -1.55 b*_T_45 -0.81 2.27 0.97 3.46 -5.17 2.84 CRI_T 98.42 92.65 94.61 90.73 95.71 91.95 CRI R9_T 92.29 46.19 66.71 32.68 73.19 41.37 TL / TE 1.33 2.04 1.95 2.70 2.26 2.75 DC*T 3.04 2.54 5.02 3.79 4.78 3.34

[0074] It can be seen that the addition of the absorbing layer under the functional coating has significantly improved selectivity (a gain of 0.75 is observed for the TL / TE ratio in Example 1b), while also improving transmission neutrality, whether observed at normal or 45° angles. The CRI values ​​are only slightly degraded. CRI T remains above 90.

[0075] Figure 3 shows the improvement in the TL / TE ratio for examples 1a (functional coating with a single Ag layer), 1b (with 2 Ag layers), and 1b (with 3 Ag layers). Figure 4 shows the effect of the invention on the CRI of the glazing.

[0076] The invention makes it possible to considerably improve the selectivity of the glazing while maintaining an excellent CRI T which remains above 90. It could have been feared that the absorption of light in wavelengths between 650 and 750 nm would have been detrimental to the CRI R9 T values ​​but the observed decrease remains quite acceptable. Example 2 I. Absorbent layer

[0077] An absorbent layer is deposited in liquid form onto a 4 mm thick clear soda-lime glass substrate as follows. A liquid composition is prepared by mixing the absorbent components listed in the table below in an organic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix (MW120000, Sigma-Aldrich), followed by a dissolution step in a methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) solvent with a PMMA:MEK ratio of 30:100. The quantities of absorbent components are listed in Table 2 below and are expressed as weight percentages in the PMMA matrix.

[0078] [Tables2] Absorbent components Ex 2a Ex 2b Ex 2c Ex 2d Ex 2e Ex 2f FD009 from Yamada Chemicals (JP) 3.360 3.290 2.940 2.290 0.622 3.140 FDG002 from Yamada Chemicals (JP) 0.1350 0.1200 0.0768 0.0043 0.0811 0.0005 FDR-0041 from Yamada Chemicals (JP) 0.652 1.540 2.230 2.260 2.830 1.270 Fhi 74641 from Fabricolor holding (US) 0.0002 0.0013 0.3890 1.2700 0.3150 1.2700

[0079] The liquid composition is applied at room temperature to the glass substrate using an Elcometer adjustable Baker bar coater. The bar height is adjusted to achieve a distance of 50 µm between the bar and the glass surface. The coating is cured at room temperature overnight. After curing, the coating has a thickness of 10 µm. II. Functional coating

[0080] A three-layer functional Ag coating was deposited by magnetic field-assisted sputtering (magnetron) onto the substrate containing the absorbing layer. It has the following stacking arrangement: Glass / Di / CFI / B1 / Di2 / CF2 / B2 / Di3 / CF3 / B3 / Di4

[0081] wherein the functional metal layers (CF) are silver (Ag) layers; the blocking layers (B) are NiCr metal layers; the dielectric coatings (Di) comprise zinc tin mixed oxide (SnZnOx) layers, silicon nitride (Si3N4) layers, and zinc oxide (ZnO) layers. III. Glazing configuration.

[0082] A double glazing unit was assembled in a traditional manner to obtain the assembly as shown in [Fig.2] a. It presents, from the outside in: Substrate 1 / Absorbent layer / Functional coating / / cavity / substrate 2 in which the cavity is 16 mm and is filled with 90% argon and 10% air. With substrate 1 6 mm thick and substrate 2 4 mm thick. Counter-example#:

[0083] The reference example (Ref 2.) has the same functional coating but no absorbent layer.

[0084] IV. "Solar control" and colorimetry performance

[0085] Table 3 below lists the main optical characteristics obtained

[0086] [Tables3] Ref.2 Ex.2a Ex.2b Ex.2c Ex.2d Ex.2e Ex.2f TL (%) 67.3 60.0 60.0 60 60.0 60.0 60.0 g(%) 34.9 29.2 28.1 26.8 25.9 27.8 25.6 S 1.93 2.06 2.14 2.24 2.32 2.16 2.35 TE (%) 32.8 27.0 25.8 24.5 23.5 25.6 23.2 RE (%) 42.8 32.8 32.4 31.0 29.8 31.6 29.8 AE (%) 34.2 40.3 41.8 44.6 46.6 42.8 47.0 a*T -4,2 4,4 1,3 -2,5 -6,0 -2,0 -7,0 a*T 30 -4,8 4,3 1,1 -2,8 -6,5 -2,3 -7,5 a*T 45 -5,1 4,4 1,2 -2,8 -6,7 -2,4 -7,7 a*T 60 -5,4 4,5 1,3 -2,7 -6,6 -2,4 -7,6 a*T 75 -6,1 3,3 0,5 -3,0 -6,5 -2,9 -7,3 b*T 2,1 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 2,0 5,9 b*T 30 2,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 5,4 2,3 6,3 b*T 45 2,8 5,8 5,8 5,8 5,9 2,8 6,7 b*T 60 4,1 7,0 6,9 6,9 7,0 4,0 7,8 b*T 75 5,4 7,8 7,8 7,8 7,8 5,3 8,5 a*R ext -1,7 3,0 1,3 -0,8 -2,9 -0,4 -3,5 a*R ext 30 -1,7 3,6 1,6 -0,6 -2,9 -0,3 -3,5 a*R ext 1 45 -2,9 3,2 1,0 -1,5 -4,0 -1,2 -4,7 a*R ext 60 -5,1 2,4 0,0 -2,7 -5,5 -2,5 -6,2 a*R ext 75 -5,6 2,4 0,3 -2,2 -4,8 -2,2 -5,4 b*R ext -6,5 -4,6 -4,5 -4,4 -4,1 -6,0 -3,7 b*R ext 30 -5,8 -4,2 -4,2 -4,1 -3,8 -5,7 -3,3 b*R ext 45 -5,0 -3,4 -3,4 -3,3 -2,9 -5,0 -2,4 b*R ext 60 -4,1 -2,6 -2,6 -2,5 -2,1 -4,2 -1,6 b*R ext 75 -1,7 -0,5 -0,5 -0,5 -0,2 -1,8 0,2 RL ext 11,2 9,9 9,9 9,9 9,9 10,0 10,0 RL ext 30 11,4 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 RL ext 45 13,1 11,3 11,3 11,3 11,3 11,3 11,3 RL ext 60 19,8 17,1 17,1 17,1 17,2 17,1 17,2 RL ext 75 42,7 38.1 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.1 CRI T 95.8 94.6 93.1 91.3 90.0 90.0 89.4 CRI R9 T 76.8 90.0 70.0 50.0 38.3 39.2 35.4 De* T 4.7 6.7 5.2 5.6 7.8 2.8 9.1 ,

[0087] It can be seen that adding the absorbent layer under the functional coating significantly reduced the TE (from 32.8% to 23.5% for example 2d) without significantly reducing the TL (from 67.3% to 60.0%). This results in a clear Improved selectivity (TL / TE ratio from 1.93 to 2.35 for example 2f). At the same time, good aesthetic values ​​are maintained (neutrality in transmission and external reflection) whether the observer is at normal or angled viewing angles. All CRI T values ​​remain above 90.

[0088] Other configurations can be achieved without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0089] In the case of a double configuration, any configuration may be suitable, such as for example 4 / 16 / 4, 6 / 16 / 4. The thickness of the cavity may vary as well as its composition, which may also be 100% air.

[0090] The absorbing element can be introduced in the form of a soluble dye, pigment, metallic nanoparticles, semiconducting nanoparticles, etc.

[0091] The functional coating could be based on 1 or 2 layers of Ag. The barrier layers can be made of NiCr instead of Ti.

Claims

Demands

1. Material suitable for equipping a building or dwelling by delimiting an exterior side and an interior side, comprising at least one transparent substrate, the substrate comprising two main faces, the material comprising at least two coatings deposited on the same main face, the second coating, furthest from the substrate being a functional coating capable of acting on solar radiation and / or infrared radiation, the material being characterized in that the first coating is an absorbing layer in the near IR.

2. Material according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbing layer in the near IR is deposited by wet process.

3. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional coating is deposited by magnetron-assisted spraying.

4. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material has a TL of between 30 and 75%, preferably between 45 and 65%.

5. Material according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the absorbing layer comprises at least one near-IR absorbing substance dispersed or dissolved in an organic or mineral matrix.

6. Material according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the matrix is ​​organic and is based on a transparent polymer.

7. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbing layer has an absorption of between 80% and 100%, preferably between 90% and 100%, more preferably between 92% and 100%, in wavelengths between 680 and 780 nm, preferably between 650 and 800 nm

8. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent layer has an absorption of less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, between 450 and 630

9. nm. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional coating is a stack of thin films comprising one or more layers metallic functionals, each arranged between two dielectric coatings.

10. Material according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the functional layer or layers are silver-based layers.

11. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate is made of glass, in particular soda-lime silico-glass or of polymeric organic matter.

12. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a color index a*T between -10 and 5, preferably between -8 and 2 and a color index b*T between -5 and 6 and preferably between -3 and 5.

13. Material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a color index a*Rext between -6 and 4, preferably between -5 and 2 and a color index b*Rext between -10 and 1 and preferably between -9 and 0.

14. Glazing comprising a material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is in the form of monolithic, double, triple or multiple glazing.

15. glazing according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, where the material comprises at least two transparent substrates, the two coatings are arranged on the inner face of the outermost substrate (face 2) when the faces are numbered from the outside in.

16. A method for producing a material suitable for equipping a building or living space by delimiting an exterior side and an interior side, characterized in that it consists of depositing, by wet process, on a transparent substrate, a near-IR absorbing layer, and then depositing on the previously hardened absorbing layer, by magnetron-assisted spraying, a functional coating capable of acting on solar radiation and / or infrared radiation.

17. A method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the near-IR absorbing layer is deposited from a liquid composition comprising at least one near-IR absorbing substance, a polymeric matrix and optionally a solvent.

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