Brake lock and brake equipped with such a lock

Abstract

The invention relates to a brake lock (1) comprising a pinion-type part (3) intended to be rotationally fixed to the rotor of an electric brake motor, and an actuator (7) capable of moving a coupling part (17) between a locked position in which the pinion (3) is rotationally locked and a free position in which the coupling part (17) does not prevent the rotation of the pinion (3). The lock (1) is characterized in that it comprises means (33, 37) for guiding the coupling part (17) along a trajectory having a radial component and a tangential component with respect to the pinion (3). (Fig. 2)

Description

Title of the invention: Brake lock and brake comprising such a lock. Technical field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a brake blocker and a brake comprising such a blocker. Prior art

[0002] It is known, for example, in EP 3986758, to produce an electric disc brake for a motor vehicle comprising a locking mechanism to ensure mechanical retention of the parking brake without electrical power to the motor. However, known locking mechanisms offer insufficient safety because there is a risk of the locking mechanism engaging unintentionally during vehicle operation and / or the service brake, for example, in the event of shocks or vibrations. Furthermore, there is a risk that the locking mechanism will not engage when activated and a risk of unintended release of the locking mechanism, for example, in the presence of vibrations. Moreover, a malfunction of the locking mechanism, and consequently of the parking brake, is not immediately detectable.

[0003] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a locking device with high operational reliability, particularly when activated, with secure and systematic locking only when activated and not unactivated; locking at a setpoint value for the parking brake clamping force; the absence of any unintended unlocking; and / or reliable detection of the current state of the locking device and the brake. Advantageously, these objectives are achieved without increasing the unsprung mass of the vehicle and at a reasonable cost. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a pre-assembled locking device that can be easily integrated into a brake on a production line. These objectives are achieved by a locking device according to the invention. Description of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the prior art. In this regard, the invention relates to a brake lock comprising a pinion-type part intended to be rotationally fixed to the rotor of an electric brake motor, typically of a type operating as a service brake, an actuator capable of moving a coupling part between a locked position in which the pinion is locked in rotation by the coupling part and a free position in which the coupling part does not prevent the rotation of the pinion.

[0005] According to the invention, the blocker includes means for guiding the coupling piece along a trajectory having a radial component and a tangential component with respect to the pinion.

[0006] Thanks to the kinematics and structure of the blocker, any blockage and any unwanted release of a brake equipped with a blocker according to the invention is avoided, even under extreme conditions of shocks, stresses and / or vibrations.

[0007] According to another embodiment, a locking device according to the invention is characterized in that the actuator is a linear actuator, performing, on command, the tangential translation of a spool equipped with tracks having only a tangential component and inclined ramps with a radial component and a complementary tangential component of ramps of a radial guide chamber of the coupling part, said tangential translation of a spool extending between said free and locked positions. According to another embodiment, the locking device according to the invention is characterized in that the chamber is provided with walls whose radially internal faces carry sliding pads on the spool tracks.According to another embodiment, the blocker according to the invention is characterized in that the coupling piece is radially immobilized, in the blocked position, by tangential engagement of a protruding part, in particular a bolt, carried by said coupling piece and penetrating tangentially into an opening of a fixed element, in particular a radial locking strike plate, or by tangential engagement of a protruding part carried by a fixed element in an opening carried by said coupling piece.

[0008] According to one embodiment, the blocker according to the invention is characterized in that the pinion confirms, by the force it exerts on the coupling piece in the blocked position, the tangential penetration of the bolt into an opening of a radial locking strike plate or vice versa.

[0009] According to another embodiment, the blocker according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a housing making the blocker self-supporting.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the blocker according to the invention is characterized in that the chamber has a recess receiving the coupling piece and a tangential spring, or other elastic element, allowing the pinion to rotate in the direction corresponding to the increase in braking force, when it is in the blocked position, the tangential spring and the coupling piece then forming a ratchet with the pinion.

[0011] According to another embodiment, the blocker according to the invention is characterized in that the coupling piece has a tangential toothing provided with 3 teeth opposite a peripheral toothing of the pinion.

[0012] The invention also relates to the blocker according to the invention which is characterized in that at least one outer tooth of the tangential teeth has an outwardly cut flank.

[0013] The invention also relates to the blocker according to the invention which is characterized in that it comprises a magnet attached to a movable part which, by detecting the position of the magnet, determines the radial position of the coupling part.

[0014] The invention also relates to a brake comprising an electric motor characterized in that it comprises a blocker according to the invention.

[0015] The invention also relates to a brake according to the invention which is characterized in that it comprises a magnet position detector carried by a movable part of the blocker according to the invention.

[0016] The invention also relates to a brake according to the invention which is characterized in that said brake is a disc brake.

[0017] The invention also relates to a brake according to the invention which is characterized in that said brake is a floating caliper disc brake.

[0018] The invention also relates to a brake according to the invention comprising a blocker according to the invention which is characterized in that it comprises a caliper and in that, in the blocked position, the elasticity of the caliper exerts on the pinion a torque in the direction corresponding to the reduction of the braking force and thus confirms the tangential penetration of the bolt into an opening of a radial locking strike plate or vice versa.

[0019] The invention also relates to a brake according to the invention comprising a blocker according to the invention which is characterized in that it comprises an electronic control card for the brake and in that the electronic card is equipped with a position detector for the magnet.

[0020] The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a brake according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. assembly of a brake according to the invention, b. connection of a brake controller to the vehicle's braking system, c. motor rotation in the direction of increasing braking by one elementary step; d. activation of the actuator until it stabilizes; e. measurement of the magnet's position and determination of the relative position of the coupling and pinion piece; f. sequential repetition of steps b to e; g. determination of a zone of relative positions of the coupling part and the pinion without mutual contact, called the non-contact zone; h. memorization of the area determined in step g.

[0021] The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a brake according to the invention characterized in that it includes a step of alerting the braking system in the case where, in the free position of the blocker, a relative position of the pinion coupling piece is detected outside the area memorized in step h, indicating in particular an abnormal shape of one of the teeth of the pinion.

[0022] The invention also relates to a method of controlling a brake according to the invention characterized in that, when the blocker is commanded to be positioned in the free position, or when it is detected that it should be in the free position, in particular when a service braking command is commanded, said method comprises the following steps: a. measurement of the position of the magnet and determination of the relative position of the coupling piece and the pinion; b. comparison of said relative position with a non-contact zone determined by a method according to the invention; c. alert of the braking system in the event that the coupling part is outside said non-contact zone, in particular at the risk of engaging the gear teeth. Brief description of the figures

[0023] The present invention will be better understood upon reading the description of non-limiting examples of embodiments, with reference to the accompanying figures, which illustrate: • [Fig.1]: an isometric view of a parking brake blocker according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; • [Fig.2]: an exploded view of the blocker of [Fig.1]; • [Fig. 3]: a top view of the blocker of [Fig. 1] in a position free; • [Fig.4]: a cross-sectional view along BB of the blocker of [Fig.3]; • [Fig.4a]: a larger scale view of detail 4a of [Fig.4]; • [Fig.4b]: a larger scale view of detail 4b of [Fig.4]; • [Fig. 5]: a top view of the blocker of [Fig. 1] in a position blocked; • [Fig.6]: a cross-sectional view along CC of the blocker of [Fig.5]; • [Fig.6a]: a larger scale view of detail 6a of [Fig.6]; • [Fig.6b]: a larger scale view of detail 6b of [Fig.6]; • [Fig.7]: a top view of the blocker of [Fig.1] in a position of tightening the brake; • [Fig.8]: a cross-sectional view along DD of the blocker of [Fig.7]; • [Fig.8a]: a larger scale view of detail 8a of [Fig.8]; • [Fig. 9]: A rear view of the geared motor without its housing, according to the mode preferred method of implementing the invention; • [Fig. 10]: an isometric view of the brake gearmotor of [Fig. 9]; • [Fig. 11]: an isometric view of the brake gearmotor of [Fig. 9] seen from a another angle; • [Fig. 12]: an isometric view of the brake gearmotor of [Fig.9], fitted with its housing, cover removed; • [Fig. 13]: an isometric view of the brake gearmotor of [Fig.9], hood removed, seen from another angle; • [Fig. 14]: a rear view of the brake without the cover of a geared motor, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; • [Fig. 15]: an isometry of the brake of [Fig. 14]; • [Fig. 16]: an isometry of the brake of [Fig. 14] seen from another angle; • [Fig. 17]: a curve illustrating the calibration of the blocker according to the invention; • [Fig. 18]: a curve illustrating an integrity test of the blocker according to the invention. Detailed description of at least one embodiment

[0024] For clarity, identical elements are identified by identical reference signs from one figure to another.

[0025] In this patent, a parking brake is defined as a brake intended to hold a motor vehicle, such as a car, stationary. Advantageously, brakes that are typically mounted on at least the wheels of the rear axle of a vehicle, or on the wheels of the front and rear axles, provide service braking by slowing the vehicle on command and ensuring the vehicle stops as well as parking braking. Advantageously, the brake according to the invention is a disc brake with a floating caliper.

[0026] In this patent, the term "locker" refers to a bistable mechanism capable, on command, of adopting a first locked position, in which the locker prevents the recoil of the brake lining, or of a brake pad in the case of a disc brake, and ensures that this brake pad is applied against a friction track, of a brake drum or, advantageously, of a brake disc with a predetermined force, typically with a force sufficient to hold a vehicle stationary; and a second free position, in which the locker has no influence on the relative position of the brake lining, typically the brake pad and the brake disc. The locker according to the invention includes an actuator, advantageously electric, ensuring the transition between the locked and free positions.However, maintaining the vehicle in the locked and free positions, or at least in the locked position, does not require electrical power to the actuator of the locking mechanism or the electric brake motor. The locked position is... Intrinsically mechanically stable and does not require an electrical power supply to hold the vehicle stationary. The free position is also intrinsically mechanically stable against shocks or vibrations and does not interfere with the normal operation of the vehicle and the service brake.

[0027] In the case of a disc brake, it should be noted that the pads and the disc expand as the temperature increases, primarily due to the conversion of the vehicle's kinetic energy into thermal energy within the brakes. Thus, thermal contraction during subsequent cooling causes a decrease in the clamping force, even when the locking mechanism is engaged in the locked position.

[0028] The preferred embodiment of a locking device 1 according to the invention, illustrated in Figures 1 to 8, comprises a part, typically a pinion 3, rotationally connected to a rotational axis A of a rotor of a motor 4 of an electric brake 10 according to the invention. The pinion 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided with radially peripheral teeth 5. Thus, the rotational immobilization of the pinion 3 ensures the translational immobilization of a friction lining, disc brake pads or drum brake shoes, and prevents the recoil of this lining relative to a friction track of a brake disc or drum, respectively. Advantageously, the pinion 3 is positioned near the rotational axis A of the motor rotor to benefit from increased torque from a speed reducer. In the advantageous example illustrated, the pinion 3 is mounted on the shaft A of the motor 4.

[0029] A radial and tangential direction are defined with respect to the pinion 3. The radial direction passes through the axis of rotation of the pinion 3. The tangential direction is orthogonal to the radial direction and passes through the peripheral teeth 5 of the pinion 3.

[0030] The blocker 1 further comprises an actuator 7, advantageously a bistable solenoid, a spool 9, a housing 11, an assembly cover 13, a chamber 15, a coupling piece 17, a radial spring 19, a tangential spring 21, a radial locking strike plate 23 provided with an opening 24. The actuator 7 has a movable plunger 25 coupled in push and pull with the spool 9 by a pin 27 received in an opening not shown in a base 29 of the spool 9 which, viewed in the radial direction, has a U-shape in this example. In this example, there are thus two arms 31 of the spool 9 which are arranged on either side of the pinion 3 and each arm 31 is provided on its radially external face with at least one ramp 33. In this example the spool has two ramps 33 on each arm; one approximately in the middle, the other at the tangential end opposite to that receiving the support of the tangential spring 21.

[0031] The chamber 15 comprises one or more longitudinal walls 35, two in this example, arranged opposite the branches 31 of the drawer 9, and which are fitted with ramps 37 complementary to the ramps 33 carried by the branches 31 of the drawer 9. Each ramp is extended by a sliding pad 45 on the arms 31 of the slide 9. In other words, the radially external faces of the arms 31 of the slide 9 form sliding tracks for the pads 45 of the chamber 15. The pads 45 of the walls 35 have sufficient radial extension to prevent any interference between the pinion 3 and the coupling piece 17 when they are in contact with the tracks of the arms 31 of the slide 9. Apart from the ramps 33, these tracks prevent any approach of the chamber 15, and consequently of the coupling piece 17, to the pinion 3. Thus, in the non-limiting example shown, the chamber 15 has raised elements (pads 45) while the slide 9 has recesses for receiving these raised elements. Alternatively, the slide 9 carries the pads 45.

[0032] A transverse wall 39 secures the longitudinal walls 35 of the chamber 15 on the side of the actuator 7. A bottom 41 of the chamber 15 unites the longitudinal walls 35 and the transverse wall 39, together defining a recess 43 for receiving the coupling piece 17 and the tangential spring 21.

[0033] The recess 43 provides tangential translational guidance for the coupling piece 17 and advantageously prevents its tilting. The coupling piece 17 is thus held radially in the chamber 15 and can only approach the pinion 3 by following the movement of the chamber 15. The tangential spring 21 is located between the transverse wall 39 of the chamber 15 and the coupling piece 17. The coupling piece 17 has a projection, typically a tangential tooth 47, directed towards the pinion 3 and complementary to the peripheral tooth 5. In the preferred example shown, the tangential tooth 47 has three teeth 47.1, 47.2, and 47.3. In normal operation, one or more teeth, here two teeth, mesh with the teeth of the peripheral tooth 5 in the locked position. Advantageously, the central tooth 47.Tooth 2 is shorter than the other two teeth, reducing the risk of interference between teeth in an intermediate position, during locking or release. Advantageously, tooth 47.3 opposite wall 39 has a cut flank facilitating the translation of the coupling piece 17 when the locking device 1 is applied, without affecting the transmission of forces between the teeth in the locked position. The coupling piece 17 advantageously has a bolt 49 with a tangential end, opposite the end receiving the support of the tangential spring 21, with a shape complementary to that of the opening 24 of the strike plate 23 inserted in the housing 11. Alternatively, a receiving opening for the bolt 49 is directly machined in the housing 11. The bolt 49 preferably has a slight relief to facilitate its removal from the strike plate 23.As an alternative, it is also envisaged to create a protruding shape on a fixed plate or the casing 11, which engages in an opening of the . The coupling piece, or any other forms cooperating with each other to prevent radial movement of the coupling piece. The assembly cover 13 and the actuator 7 are advantageously secured to the housing 11, for example, by screws. The radial spring 19 is compressed between the assembly cover 13 and the bottom 41 of the chamber 15. The slide 9 is arranged in the housing between the chamber 15 and the pinion 3. Alternatively, the chamber 15 and the coupling piece 17 are joined to form a single, monolithic piece; this monolithic piece is, for example, guided by the cooperation of forms with its surroundings to ensure that the coupling teeth and the bolt have the same type of movement.

[0034] In figures 3 and 4, the blocker 1 is shown in the free position. The pads 45 of the chamber 15 rest on the arms 31 of the drawer 9, see [Fig. 4a], in a stable position, with the stop plan against plan. The ramps 33 of the drawer 9 are not aligned with the complementary ramps 37 of the chamber 15. A weak holding force on the drawer 9 in the tangential direction prevents any tangential movement of the drawer 9, which in turn prevents any radial movement of the chamber 15 and consequently of the coupling piece 17. As illustrated in [Fig. 4b], there is no contact between the teeth of the tangential teeth 47 of the coupling piece 17 and the teeth of the peripheral teeth 5 of the pinion 3. Furthermore, the bolt 49 of the coupling piece 17 is radially offset relative to the opening 24 of the strike plate 23. The tooth 47.2 is aligned with the peripheral teeth 5 of the pinion 3.The force opposing unwanted movement of the spool 9 is primarily generated by the actuator 7. In the preferred embodiment, the actuator 7 is a bistable solenoid. However, the implementation of other types of actuators, such as a monostable solenoid, or a rotary electric motor combined with a screw-nut mechanism for converting the motor's rotational motion into the translational motion of the spool 9, or linear electric motors, does not fall outside the scope of the present invention. The holding force for the spool 9 in its free position is, for example, between 0.1 N and 500 N, preferably between 11 N and 50 N, and even more preferably between 10 N and 30 N. For example, a force of 20 N prevents any unintended locking of the stop 1 in the presence of an acceleration of up to 100 g.In Figures 5 and 6, the blocker 1 is shown in the locked position, the actuator 7 having moved the slide 9 tangentially to the left of the figures over a stroke, for example, between 2 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 10 mm, and even more preferably between 3 mm and 6 mm, for example, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm. For ramps 33 and / or 37 with a 45° incline, it is advantageous to use a stroke of 4 mm. When the geared motor M exerts a desired braking torque, typically the torque required to hold the vehicle stationary, the actuator 7 is activated. The rotation of the motor 4 in the direction of increased braking occurs in the opposite direction to the other directions. hands of a clock as illustrated in [Fig.

[13] by arrow 51. The application of the linings to the two opposite faces of the disc causes an elastic deformation of the caliper C. The translation of the slide 9 allows the ramps 37 of chamber 15 to slide on the ramps 33 of the slide 9, permitting a movement with a radial component, in the direction of the peripheral teeth 5 of the pinion 3, of the slide 15 and therefore of the coupling piece 17, until the teeth of the teeth 47 of the coupling piece 17 mesh with the teeth of the peripheral teeth 5 of the pinion 3. Similarly, the radial movement positions the bolt 49 opposite the opening 24 of the strike plate 23. The radial movement of chamber 15 is confirmed by the radial spring 19. Once engaged, the power supply to the motor 4 is stopped and the elasticity of the caliper C causes or confirms the radial locking of the bolt 49 and of the 23rd strike plate.In other words, the elasticity of the caliper transmits to the pinion 3 a rotational torque preventing the bolt 49 from leaving the opening 24 of the strike plate 23. In turn, the bolt 49 prevents the disengagement of the teeth of the tangential teeth 47 of the coupling piece 17 and peripheral 5 of the pinion 3.

[0035] As illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, it should be noted that the momentary unlocking of the locking mechanism 1 during tightening, by reactivating the motor in the tightening direction while the brake is already engaged and locked, does not present a risk of brake release because it only allows for an increase in the brake's clamping force and because the motor 4 is active during tightening. During the tightening operation, the spool 9 and the chamber 15 do not move and are in the same position as shown in Figures 5 and 6. Only the coupling piece 17 is pushed against the spring 21 with each passage of a tooth of the pinion 3, and it returns to engage with the pinion 3 in the locking position with its bolt 49 in the opening 24 of the strike plate 23, as soon as the motor and the pinion 3 stop their tightening movement.

[0036] Figures 12 to 13 show a geared motor M comprising a locking device 1 according to the invention. The geared motor M has an output shaft parallel to the shaft A of the motor 4. As can be seen in the figures, the locking device 1 is located near the position of a cover, not shown, of the geared motor M. Thus, the spool 9 is close to the housing of the geared motor M.

[0037] In one embodiment, a moving element of the locking mechanism 1, such as the slide 9 (tangential movement) or, advantageously, the chamber 15 or the coupling piece 17 (radial movement), is equipped with a permanent magnet. A magnetic position detector for the magnet is located nearby, advantageously on an electronic board or printed circuit board, for example, the one providing the control and / or monitoring of the motor 4. The electronic board is advantageously positioned on a face of the cover opposite to the face directed towards the pinion 3. The detector makes it possible to verify the free or locked state of the locking mechanism 1 as well as the transition between these two states.

[0038] Figures 14 to 16 show a floating caliper brake 10 according to the present invention comprising a caliper C, a geared motor M which integrates the motor 4 and which is equipped with a blocker 1, the whole being mounted sliding relative to a clevis 53.

[0039] The output shaft of the geared motor M drives in rotation a ball screw equipped at one of its ends with a push piece on a brake pad.

[0040] Figures 17 and 18 show measurements taken on a brake 10 comprising a chamber 15 equipped with a magnet allowing its radial position to be detected.

[0041] Figure 17 illustrates the calibration of a brake 10. The rotation steps of the pinion 3 are shown on the x-axis, and the radial position of the chamber 15 is shown on the y-axis. The radial position is expressed as a percentage, with 0 percent corresponding to a completely free position and 100% to a completely blocked position, over a stroke of, for example, 4 mm.

[0042] The motor 4 is rotated in the direction of increasing braking with the smallest possible angular increments, corresponding to the elementary step.

[0043] For each elementary step, the actuator 7 is activated and a few microseconds are allowed for it to reach its final equilibrium position. A microcontroller of the brake acquires the position of the magnet, and therefore of the teeth 47, for each angular increment.

[0044] The actuator 7 is deactivated and a few microseconds are allowed to pass. These steps are repeated until contact is achieved between the teeth of the tangential gear 47 and the teeth of the peripheral gear 5. The values ​​are recorded to determine a meshing zone, from 100% to 72% in the example of [Fig. 17], and a lower zone, or non-contact zone, in which meshing is guaranteed to prevent brake lockup. The calibration result is stored in the brake controller's memory and / or in that of a computer monitoring the vehicle's braking system.

[0045] Figure 18 shows a process for detecting broken teeth on pinion 3.

[0046] A rotation is performed in the direction of increasing the braking value, using the smallest available steps over at least one complete revolution. At each step, actuator 7 is activated, and a few microseconds are allowed for it to reach its final equilibrium position. The microcontroller acquires the position for each angular increment.

[0047] Actuator 7 is deactivated and a few microseconds are waited.

[0048] In the case of a pinion 3 in good condition, the curve is regular and substantially sinusoidal. An irregularity 55 in the curve, which descends less far down the curve than the others, indicates the presence of a broken or damaged tooth.

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Depending on the constraints supported, the various parts of the blocker 1 according to the present invention are made of metal or of plastic material such as POM. Thanks to a blocker 1 with two mechanically stable positions, a high level of operational safety is offered, particularly on command, a secure and systematic locking; a locking at a set value of the parking brake clamping force; the absence of any untimely locking, any untimely unlocking and / or a reliable detection of the current state of the blocker and the brake. Of course, various modifications can be made by a person skilled in the art to the invention just described without going out of scope of the disclosure of the invention. Alternatively, the brake according to the invention is a fixed caliper disc brake or a drum brake. A motor vehicle according to the invention comprises two or four brakes according to the invention. For electric vehicles, the brakes according to the invention cooperate with the energy recovery device during braking. LIST OF DIGITAL REFERENCES 1 brake lock 3 pinion 4 motor 5 radially peripheral gearing 7 actuator 9 spool 10 electric brake 11 housing 13 assembly cover 15 chamber 17 coupling piece - rack 19 radial spring 21 tangential spring 23 radial locking strike plate 24 strike plate opening 25 solenoid plunger 27 pin 29 spool base 31 drawer branches 33 drawer ramps 35 chamber walls 37 chamber ramps 39 transverse wall 41 chamber bottom 43 chamber recess 45 chamber sliding pad 47 tangential teeth 47.1 47.2 47.3 coupling teeth 49 coupling bolt 51 pinion rotation arrow in the tightening direction 53 clevis 55 irregularity A rotation axis C yoke M geared motor

Claims

Demands

1. Brake lock (1) comprising a pinion-type part (3) intended to be rotationally fixed with the rotor of an electric brake motor (4), typically of a type operating as a service brake, an actuator (7) capable of moving a coupling part (17) between a locked position in which the pinion (3) is rotationally locked by the coupling part (17) and a free position in which the coupling part (17) does not prevent the rotation of the pinion (3), characterized in that the lock (1) comprises means for guiding (33, 37) the coupling part (17) along a trajectory having a radial component and a tangential component with respect to the pinion (3).

2. Blocker (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the actuator (7) is a linear actuator, performing, on command, the tangential translation of a slide (9) provided with tracks having only a tangential component and ramps (33) inclined with a radial component and a complementary tangential component of ramps (37) of a radial guide chamber (15) of the coupling piece (17), said tangential translation of a slide (9) extending between said free and blocked positions.

3. Blocker (1) according to claim 2 characterized in that the chamber (15) is provided with walls (35) whose radially internal faces carry slide pads (45) on the tracks of the drawer (9).

4. Blocker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the coupling piece (17) is immobilized radially, in the blocked position, by tangential engagement of a protruding part, in particular a bolt (49), carried by said coupling piece (17) and penetrating tangentially into an opening (24) of a fixed element (11), in particular a radial locking strike plate (23), or by tangential engagement of a protruding part carried by a fixed element in an opening carried by said coupling piece.

5. Locking device (1) according to claim 4 characterized in that the pinion (3) confirms, by the force it exerts on the coupling piece (17) in the locked position, the tangential penetration of the bolt (49) in an opening (24) of a radial locking strike plate (23) or vice versa.

6. Blocker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a housing (11) making the blocker (1) self-supporting.

7. Locker (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5 characterized in that the chamber (15) has a recess (43) receiving the coupling piece (17) and a tangential spring (21), or other elastic element, allowing the pinion (3) to rotate in the direction corresponding to the increase in braking force, when it is in the locked position, the tangential spring (21) and the coupling piece (17) then forming a ratchet with the pinion (3).

8. Locker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the coupling piece (17) has a tangential toothing (47) provided with 3 teeth (47.1, 47.2, 47.3) opposite a peripheral toothing (5) of the pinion (3).

9. Blocker (1) according to claim 8 characterized in that at least one outer tooth (47.1, 47.3) of the tangential teeth (47) has an outwardly cut flank.

10. Blocker (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 9 characterized in that it comprises a magnet attached to a movable part (9, 15, 17) allowing, by detecting the position of the magnet, to determine the radial position of the coupling part (17).

11. Brake (10) comprising an electric motor (4) characterized in that it comprises a blocker (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

12. Brake (10) according to claim 11 characterized in that it comprises a magnet position detector carried by a movable part (9, 15, 17) of the blocker (1) according to claim 10.

13. Brake (10) according to claim 11 or 12 characterized in that said brake is a disc brake.

14. Brake (10) according to claim 13 characterized in that said brake is a floating caliper disc brake.

15. A brake (10) according to claim 12 or 13 comprising a locking device (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a caliper (C) and in that, in the locked position, the elasticity of the caliper (C) exerts on the pinion (3) a torque in the direction corresponding to the reduction of the braking force and thus

16.

17.

18.

19. confirms the tangential penetration of the bolt (49) into an opening (24) of a radial locking strike plate (23) or vice versa. A brake (10) according to claim 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 comprising a locking device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises an electronic brake control board and in that the electronic board is equipped with a magnet position detector. A method for manufacturing a brake (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. assembly of a brake (10) according to claim 16, b. Connecting a brake controller to the braking system of the vehicle, c. motor rotation (4) in the direction of increasing braking by one elementary step; d. activation of the actuator (7) until it stabilizes; e. measurement of the position of the magnet and determination of the relative position of the coupling piece (17) and the pinion (3); f. sequential repetition of steps b to e; g. determination of a zone of the relative positions of the coupling piece (17) and the pinion (3) without mutual contact, called the non-contact zone; h. memorization of the area determined in step g. A method for manufacturing a brake (10) according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a step for alerting the braking system if, in the free position of the locking mechanism (1), a relative position of the coupling piece (17) of the pinion (3) is detected outside the area memorized in step h, indicating in particular an abnormal shape of one of the teeth of the pinion (3). A method for controlling a brake according to claim 16, characterized in that, when the locking mechanism is commanded to be positioned in the free position, or when it is detected that it should be in the free position, particularly during a service braking command, said method comprises the following steps: a. measurement of the position of the magnet and determination of the relative position of the coupling piece (17) and the pinion (3); b. comparison of said relative position with a non-contact zone determined by a method according to claim 17; c. warning of the braking system in the event that the coupling part (17) is outside said non-contact zone, in particular at risk of engaging the teeth of the pinion (3).

Images