Double jaw loading device for a motor vehicle.

Abstract

Double-jaw loading device for a motor vehicle. Loading device (2) intended to be removably attached to the rear of a motor vehicle, the vehicle comprising: - a first axle (4G) fixed to a body of the vehicle, - a second axle (4D) fixed to the body of the vehicle, the second axle extending parallel to the first axle at a distance from the first axle, the loading device comprising: - a frame (15) intended to support a load, - a first jaw (16G) integral with the frame and intended to clamp the first axle, and - a second jaw (16D) integral with the frame and intended to clamp the second axle. Figure for the abbreviation: Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Double jaw loading device for a motor vehicle. Technical field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a loading device intended to be removably attached to a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a loading system comprising a motor vehicle body and such a loading device. The invention further relates to a method of using such a loading device and / or such a loading system. Prior art

[0002] To increase the loading capacity of a motor vehicle, external loading devices are known, which are removably attached to a tow hitch of the vehicle. These loading devices may include, in particular, an external box such as a trunk in which belongings can be stored, or a bicycle rack. The tow hitch includes a tow ball, and the loading device includes a clamping element, actuated by means of a handle, which firmly clamps the tow ball.

[0003] Such a loading device nevertheless has drawbacks: - The loader can easily pivot around the tow ball. Therefore, it is necessary to tighten the tow ball very securely to prevent such rotation. Even when the tow ball is tightened very securely, a torque applied to one edge of the loader, for example, following an impact, may be sufficient to cause the loader to pivot relative to the vehicle. - Setting up such a loading device is not very ergonomic because the user must ensure that the loading device is properly oriented while supporting the loading device and then operating the handle.

[0004] An alternative to tow ball-mounted loading devices is described in publication FR2981607A1. However, there is a need to improve the ergonomics of such a loading device and to make its attachment to a motor vehicle more robust. Presentation of the invention

[0005] The object of the invention is to provide a loading device that remedies the above disadvantages and improves upon known prior art loading devices.

[0006] More specifically, a first object of the invention is a loading device that is simpler to handle and offers a more robust attachment to a motor vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention relates to a loading device intended to be removably attached to the rear of a motor vehicle, the vehicle comprising: - a first axle fixed to a body of the vehicle, - a second axle fixed to the vehicle body, the second axle extending parallel to the first axle at a distance from the first axle, the loading device comprising: - a chassis designed to support a load, - a first jaw attached to the chassis and intended to clamp the first axle, and - a second jaw attached to the chassis and intended to clamp the second axle.

[0008] The first jaw may comprise a first part and a second part, the second part being articulated in rotation relative to the first part around an axis of rotation, said axis of rotation extending parallel to the first axis when the first jaw clamps the first axis.

[0009] The second jaw may comprise a first part and a second part, the second part being articulated in rotation relative to the first part around an axis of rotation, said axis of rotation extending parallel to the second axis when the second jaw clamps the second axis.

[0010] The first jaw may include a clamping means, in particular a quick-locking device, for clamping the first jaw around the first axis; may include a clamping means, in particular a quick-locking device, for clamping the second jaw around the second axis.

[0011] The invention also relates to a loading system comprising: - a motor vehicle body, - a first axle fixed to the body, - a second axis fixed to the body, the second axis extending parallel to the first axis at a distance from the first axis, and - a loading device as defined above, the first jaw of the loading device clamping the first axis, and the second jaw of the loading device clamping the second axis.

[0012] The first axle may include a fastening portion, in particular a threaded portion, by means of which the first axle is fixed to the vehicle body, an intermediate portion clamped by the first jaw, and a support portion, the intermediate portion being positioned between the fastening portion and the support portion, the loading device comprising a first bearing surface taking supports the portion of the first axis to reduce the overhang of the loading device,

[0013] The second axle may include a fixing portion, in particular a threaded portion, through which the second axle is fixed to the vehicle body, an intermediate portion clamped by the second jaw, and a support portion, the intermediate portion being positioned between the fixing portion and the support portion, the loading device comprising a second bearing surface bearing against the support portion of the second axle to reduce an overhang of the loading device.

[0014] The first axis may include at least one collar extending perpendicularly to the first axis, at least one collar forming a stop retaining the first jaw on the first axis.

[0015] The second axis may include at least one collar extending perpendicularly to the second axis, the at least one collar forming a stop retaining the second jaw on the second axis.

[0016] The first axis may comprise a rigid body and a sleeve made of a material more flexible than the body, said sleeve enveloping the body, the first jaw clamping the sleeve onto the body.

[0017] The second axis may comprise a rigid body and a sleeve made of a material more flexible than the body, said sleeve enveloping the body, the second jaw clamping the sleeve onto the body.

[0018] The first axle may include a threaded portion screwed into a first tapped opening formed in the vehicle body, and optionally a recess intended to cooperate with a tool for screwing or unscrewing the first axle in the first tapped opening.

[0019] The second axle may include a threaded portion screwed into a second tapped opening formed in the vehicle body, and optionally a recess intended to cooperate with a tool for screwing or unscrewing the second axle into the second tapped opening.

[0020] The first threaded opening may be suitable for receiving a towing ring of the vehicle, and the first axle may extend longitudinally towards the rear of the vehicle.

[0021] The second threaded opening may be suitable for receiving a towing ring of the vehicle, and the second axle may extend longitudinally towards the rear of the vehicle.

[0022] The invention also relates to a method of using a loading device as defined above or a loading system (as defined above, the method comprising: - the positioning of the first jaw around the first axis, then - the rotation of the chassis around the first axis, then - the positioning of the second jaw around the second axis, then - tightening the first jaw around the first axis and tightening the second jaw around the second axis. Presentation of the figures

[0023] These objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description of a particular embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures, among which:

[0024] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a loading system for a motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0025] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a rear face of the vehicle, the rear face being equipped with two axes extending parallel to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

[0026] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a protruding part of an axis on which a loading device is intended to be fixed.

[0027] Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a left jaw and part of a chassis of a loading device according to an embodiment of the invention, the jaw being in the closed configuration.

[0028] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the jaw of Fig. 4, the jaw being in the open configuration.

[0029] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a right jaw of the loading device, an upper part of the jaw being supported on a straight axis, the jaw being in the open configuration, the jaw being further equipped with a clamping means.

[0030] Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the left jaw of the loading device, with an upper part of the jaw supported on a left axis, and the jaw in the closed configuration.

[0031] Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a right jaw according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the jaw of Fig. 8, the jaw being supported on an axis.

[0033] Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the loading device during its attachment to a motor vehicle. Detailed description

[0034] Figure 1 schematically illustrates a loading system 1 for a motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention. The loading system 1 is intended to increase the vehicle's loading capacity by providing an auxiliary loading volume positioned at the rear of the vehicle. The system Loading 1 includes a loading device 2 intended to be removably attached to the motor vehicle, in particular to a body of the vehicle. The loading device 2 may include an external box 3 in which objects can be stored as illustrated in [Fig. 1]. Alternatively, the loading device 2 could include a bicycle carrier, or more generally a device configured to carry any type of object outside the vehicle.

[0035] In this document, the X-axis designates the longitudinal axis of a vehicle. When moving forward in a straight line, the vehicle progresses from rear to front in a direction parallel to its longitudinal axis. The X-axis is oriented from the front to the rear of the vehicle, that is, in the direction of reverse. The Y-axis designates the transverse axis of the vehicle. The Y-axis is oriented from left to right, left and right being defined from the perspective of a driver of the vehicle. The Z-axis designates the axis perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis. The vehicle is assumed to be resting on a horizontal surface. The Z-axis is a vertical axis, oriented from bottom to top. The X, Y, and Z axes form an orthogonal coordinate system. This same coordinate system, defined with reference to a vehicle, will also be used to describe the loading device 2, even when considered outside the vehicle, since it is intended for mounting in a specific orientation relative to the vehicle.

[0036] For securing the loading device 2, the vehicle body is equipped with a first axis 4G, or left axis 4G, and a second axis 4D, or right axis 4D, illustrated in particular in [Fig. 2]. The first axis 4G and the second axis 4D extend parallel to each other at a non-zero distance DI from each other. The distance DI may be, for example, at least 50 cm. Each axis 4G, 4D may at least roughly have the shape of a cylinder of revolution whose axis of revolution is parallel to the longitudinal axis X. In particular, the two axes 4G, 4D extend parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle, from a rear face 5 of the vehicle towards the rear of the vehicle. The two axes 4G, 4D are positioned approximately at the height of a rear bumper of the vehicle. The two axes 4G, 4D can protrude towards the rear of the vehicle by about ten centimeters.The two axes 4G and 4D are positioned side-by-side, that is, at the same height along the vertical Z-axis. It is therefore understood that the loading device 2 is positioned at the rear of the vehicle. The external trunk 3 is positioned cantilevered relative to the two axes 4G and 4D.

[0037] Advantageously, the two axles 4G, 4D are removably attached to the vehicle body, in particular to a vehicle underbody. The two axles can, for example, be attached to side members and / or a crossmember of the vehicle body. Thus, they can be removed when the loading device 2 is not in use, so as to prevent the axles from striking an object or a person or even impairing the vehicle's maneuverability.

[0038] In particular, each of the two axles 4G, 4D can be screwed into a threaded opening designed to accommodate a towing eye of the vehicle. A towing eye is an accessory intended for roadside assistance and / or towing a vehicle. The threaded opening can be formed in a socket fixed, in particular welded, to the vehicle body. The socket can, in particular, be welded to a side member of the vehicle. Alternatively, said socket could be fixed, in particular welded, to a crossmember of the vehicle, in particular a rear bumper crossmember. It is therefore not necessary to provide a specific mounting interface for fixing axle 4G or axle 4D if the vehicle is already equipped with one or two interfaces for fixing a towing eye.

[0039] The two axes 4G and 4D are preferably identical, and even interchangeable. Thus, in the following description, axis 4G and the fastening member of the fastening device 2 cooperating with axis 4G will be described more specifically. The characteristics of axis 4D and the fastening member cooperating with axis 4D can be deduced by symmetry.

[0040] The axle 4G comprises a front portion 6, extending inside the vehicle, and a rear portion 7 extending outside the vehicle. The rear face 5 separates the front portion 6 from the rear portion 7. The front portion 6 comprises a threaded portion 8 screwed into a tapped opening formed in the vehicle body. The threaded portion 8 may extend to the front end of the axle 4G. Advantageously, the rear portion 7, which is clearly visible in [Fig. 3], comprises a recess 9 for cooperating with a tool to screw or unscrew the axle 4G into a corresponding tapped opening. The recess 9 may be formed at the rear end of the axle 4G. The recess 9 may include a polygonal portion, in particular a hexagonal portion, for cooperating with a tool of corresponding shape.Advantageously, the shape of the imprint could be distinct from any standard imprint for which a tool is readily available commercially, thus providing a basic anti-theft function. Alternatively, the 4G axle could have no imprint at all. In this case, screwing or unscrewing the axle could be done simply by holding the rear part 7 by hand or with pliers.

[0041] The shaft 4G comprises a rigid body 10, in particular made of steel. The body 10 extends into the front portion 6 and the rear portion 7 of the shaft 4G. The threaded portion 8 can be formed directly on the body 10. The shaft 4G also comprises a sleeve 11 made of a more flexible material than the body 10, for example, plastic or rubber. The sleeve 11 encloses an intermediate portion of the shaft 4G, in particular a part of the body 10 extending at the rear portion 7, in front of the recess 9. The sleeve 11 can be grooved. The sleeve comprises a front flange 12 and a rear flange 13. The flanges 12 and 13 have a circular shape and extend perpendicularly to axis 4G, that is, perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X. Axis 4G further includes a support portion 14 extending to the rear of sleeve 11. The intermediate portion receiving sleeve 11 is thus positioned between the threaded portion 8 and the support portion 14. The support portion 14 is positioned between sleeve 11 and recess 9.

[0042] With reference to [Fig. 1], the loading device 2 comprises a chassis 15 for supporting a load. The chassis 15 extends horizontally behind the axes 4G, 4D. The chassis is therefore cantilevered relative to the axes 4G, 4D. The chassis 5 can, in particular, support the external box 3, or alternatively, attachment interfaces for securing a bicycle, or alternatively, attachment interfaces for securing any object. The chassis 15 is preferably a metal chassis or a rigid plastic chassis, for example, a fiber-reinforced plastic chassis.

[0043] The loading device 2 also includes a first jaw 16G, or left jaw 16G, for clamping the first axis 4G, and a second jaw 16D, or right jaw 16D, for clamping the second axis 4D. By "clamping the first axis or the second axis", it is understood that the jaws 16G, 16D are intended to exert a compressive force around the first axis 4G and the second axis 4D respectively.

[0044] According to one embodiment, the distance between the two jaws 16G, 16D could be adjustable. Thus, the same loading device can be used with vehicles having a different distance DI between the two axes 4G and 4D.

[0045] The two jaws 16G, 16D are preferably identical. Thus, the jaw 16G is now described in relation to Figures 4 and 5. The jaw 4G comprises a first part 17, or upper part 17, and a second part 18, or lower part 18. The second part 18 is rotationally articulated relative to the first part 17 about an axis of rotation XL. The axis of rotation XI extends parallel to the axis 4G, that is, parallel to the longitudinal axis X when the jaw 16G clamps the axis 4G, that is, when the loading device 2 is attached to the vehicle. The axis of rotation XI extends alongside the axis 4G.

[0046] The first part 17 is fixed to the chassis 15, while the second part 18 is articulated in rotation relative to the chassis 15 around the axis of rotation XL. The jaw 16G can therefore be in an open configuration (represented on [Fig.5]) in which the second part 18 is away from the first part 17, or in a closed configuration (represented on [Fig.4]) in which the second part 18 is brought closer to the first part 17.

[0047] Each of the two parts 17 and 18 includes a semi-cylindrical housing 19. When the jaw 16G is in the closed configuration, the two semi-cylindrical housings 19 together form a cylindrical housing suitable for receiving the shaft 4G, and in particular the sleeve 11 arranged around the body 10. The open configuration of the jaw 16G allows the axis 4G to be positioned in the housing 19 of the first part 17 before closing the jaw 16G by rotating the lower part 18 around the axis of rotation XL

[0048] To secure the first part 17 to the frame 15, the first part 17 advantageously comprises an opening 20, in particular a profiled opening, into which a longitudinal element 21 of the frame 15, with a shape complementary to that of the opening 20, is inserted. The longitudinal element 21 can be locked in the opening 20 by means of a locking device 28. The locking device may comprise two pins passing through both the first part 17 and the longitudinal element 21. Alternatively, the pins may be replaced by any locking device, in particular screws, and their number may be arbitrary.

[0049] Advantageously, the attachment of the first part 17 to the frame 15 is removable. In particular, the opening 20 can be a through opening, and the longitudinal element 21 can advantageously be inserted into the opening 20 through either of its two inlets. This allows the position of the rotational joint to be moved between the first part 17 and the second part 18. The axis of rotation XI can therefore be located to the left or right of the axis 4G, depending on the chosen assembly. In order to allow for easy assembly and disassembly of the loading device, the axis of rotation XI of both jaws 16G and 16D are both located on the same side of their respective axes 4G and 4D, i.e., both on the left (as illustrated in the figures) or both on the right.

[0050] As can be clearly seen in [Fig. 6], the jaw 16G includes a clamping means 29 configured to firmly clamp the first part 17 and the second part 18 around the axis 4G. This secures the attachment of the loading device 2 and ensures that there is no play between the chassis 15 and the vehicle body. In particular, the jaw 16G clamps the sleeve 11 onto the body 10. The flanges 12 and 13 form two stops that retain the jaw 16G on the axis 4G forwards and backwards. The loading device is thus locked in all directions.

[0051] Various clamping means can be considered. According to the embodiment presented, the clamping means 29 includes a quick-release locking device. Generally speaking, a quick-release locking device is a clamping means that can be operated manually, without tools. In particular, the quick-release locking device can be analogous to a quick-release locking device used to attach a bicycle wheel to a bicycle frame.

[0052] According to the illustrated embodiment, the clamping means 29 comprises a support element 22 attached to the second part 18, and intended to exert a support on a A receiving surface 23 formed on the first part 17 to bring the second part 18 closer to the first part 17. The support element 22 is slidably mounted on a rod 24, in particular a threaded rod, connected to the second part 18. The rod 24 is intended to extend through a notch 25 formed in the first part 17. The clamping means also includes an actuating handle 26 provided with a cam 27 in contact with the support element 22. The rotation of the actuating handle 26 by a quarter turn around an axis of rotation Y1 causes the rotation of the cam 27, which in turn causes the movement of the support element 22 parallel to the axis in which the rod 24 extends. The rotation of the operating handle 26 around the axis of rotation Y1 allows for clamping, the tension of which is controlled by the rotational force of the handle.A screwing or unscrewing operation of the actuating handle 26 on the rod 24 allows a macroscopic approach or relocation of the support element 22.

[0053] Since the sleeve 11 is made of a flexible material, it deforms when tightened by the jaw 16G, which makes it easier to control the level of tightening exerted by the jaw 16G. Advantageously, the first part 17 and / or the second part 18 of the jaw 16G may each include a membrane, also made of a flexible material extending into the recesses 19, and intended to come into contact with the sleeve 11.

[0054] The loading device 2 further comprises a first bearing surface 30G (identified in particular in [Fig. 5]) bearing against the support portion 14 of the axis 4G. Similarly, the loading device 2 comprises a second bearing surface 30D (identified in particular in [Fig. 7]) bearing against the support portion 14 of the axis 4D. The bearing of the bearing surfaces 30G and 30D on their respective support portions 14 reduces the overhang of the loading device 2. The bearing surface 30G may be formed on an underside face of the first part 17 of the jaw. The bearing surface 30G may have a shape complementary to the shape of the support portion 14, namely a portion of a cylinder of revolution. The bearing surface 30G is located further back relative to the housing 19 of the first part 17.

[0055] Figures 8 and 9 further illustrate an improvement of the invention. According to this improvement, at least one of the two jaws 16G or 16D, in this case jaw 16D, includes a locking device 31 configured to hold jaw 16D in the closed position. The locking device 31 advantageously includes a lock 37, integral with the first part 17 of jaw 16D, intended to cooperate with a key. The lock actuates a bolt 32 cooperating with an opening 33 formed in the second part 18 of the jaw 16D. An anti-theft function is thus offered which prevents the removal of the loading device 2.

[0056] Advantageously, the loading device 2 is equipped with casters 34 to facilitate transporting the loading device 2 to a vehicle or to a storage space. The casters 34 have an axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal axis X when the loading device 2 is attached to the vehicle. The casters 34 are advantageously mounted on a frame 35 which is itself articulated for rotation relative to the chassis 15 between a folded and an unfolded position. In the folded position, the frame 35 extends parallel to the chassis, under the chassis. In the unfolded position, the frame 35 extends downwards so that the casters 34 touch the ground when the chassis 15 is horizontal and when the jaws 16G, 16D are at the height of the two axes 4G, 4D.Advantageously, the loading device 2 also includes a handle 36, arranged on one side of the chassis, enabling a user to pull or push the loading device to roll it on the ground with its casters 34.

[0057] The assembly of the loading device 2 to the vehicle is schematically illustrated in [Fig. 10]. First, the user can attach the axles 4G and 4D to the vehicle body. To do this, they can remove a cover over each threaded opening designed to accommodate a towing eye, and then screw each axle 4G, 4D into a threaded opening. The assembly of the loading device 2 can then be carried out in four successive steps.

[0058] In a first step, the loading device 2 is brought towards the vehicle by moving it parallel to the transverse axis Y. To this end, the user can pull horizontally on the handle 36. The two jaws 16G, 16D are then in the open configuration. According to the illustrated embodiment, the rotation axes XI of each jaw 16G, 16D are located on the left side of the respective axis 4G, 4D. The openings through which the axes 4G and 4D can be inserted into the jaws 16G and 16D are therefore located on the right side of the jaws 16G, 16D. The loading device 2 is thus brought towards the vehicle by a movement from left to right. Alternatively, as explained previously, the direction of movement of the loading device 2 could be reversed provided that the jaws 16G, 16D are modified so that their respective rotation axes are located on their right side.During this first step, the chassis 15 is tilted to the right and upwards, so that the upper part 17 of the left jaw first rests on the left axis 4G.

[0059] In a second step, the chassis 15 is rotated to the right and downwards so that the upper part 17 of the right jaw in turn rests on the right axis 4D. To this end, the user can exert downward force on the handle 36. The two jaws 16G and 16D are then always in open configuration and the loading device is always stabilized thanks to the support of the casters 34 on the ground.

[0060] In a third step, the left jaw 16G is tightened around the left axis 4G, specifically by raising the second part 18 and then actuating the clamping means 29 of the left jaw 16G. In a fourth step, the right jaw 16D is tightened around the right axis 4D, specifically by raising the second part 18 and then actuating the clamping means 29 of the right jaw 16D. Finally, the frame 35 supporting the casters 34 can be rotated into the folded position. The third and fourth steps could optionally be reversed. The loading device is then firmly attached to the vehicle, and the vehicle can be used safely without risk of accidental disassembly or accidental pivoting of the loading device 2. The loading device assembly procedure is simple to perform and requires very little force. It can be carried out by anyone.To detach the loading device 2 from the vehicle, the steps described above can be carried out in reverse order. Detaching the loading device is therefore also very simple.

[0061] The loading device 2 can be supplied as a kit also including the two axles 4G and 4D. The user can easily screw or unscrew the axles 4G and 4D into the threaded openings originally intended for attaching a towing ring.

Claims

Demands

1. Loading device (2) intended to be removably fixed to the rear of a motor vehicle, the vehicle comprising: - a first axle (4G) fixed to a body of the vehicle, - a second axle (4D) fixed to the body of the vehicle, the second axle extending parallel to the first axle at a distance from the first axle, the loading device comprising: - a chassis (15) intended to support a load, - a first jaw (16G) integral with the chassis and intended to clamp the first axle, and - a second jaw (16D) integral with the chassis and intended to clamp the second axle.

2. Loading device (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that: - the first jaw (16G) comprises a first part (17) and a second part (18), the second part being articulated in rotation relative to the first part about an axis of rotation (XI), said axis of rotation extending parallel to the first axis (4G) when the first jaw clamps the first axis, and / or in that: - the second jaw (16D) comprises a first part (17) and a second part (18), the second part being articulated in rotation relative to the first part about an axis of rotation (XI), said axis of rotation extending parallel to the second axis (4D) when the second jaw clamps the second axis.

3. Loading device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - the first jaw (16G) includes a clamping means (29), in particular a quick-locking device, for clamping the first jaw (16G) around the first axis (4G), and / or in that: - the second jaw (16D) includes a clamping means (29), in particular a quick-locking device, for clamping the second jaw around the second axis (4D).

4. Loading system (1) comprising: - a motor vehicle body, - a first axle (4G) fixed to the body, - a second axis (4D) fixed to the case, the second axis extending parallel to the first axis at a distance from the first axis, and - a loading device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, the first jaw (16G) of the loading device clamping the first axis, and the second jaw (16D) of the loading device clamping the second axis.

5. Loading system (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that: - the first axle (4G) comprises a fastening portion, in particular a threaded portion (8), through which the first axle is fixed to the vehicle body, an intermediate portion clamped by the first jaw, and a support portion (14), the intermediate portion being positioned between the fastening portion and the support portion, the loading device comprising a first bearing surface (30G) bearing on the support portion of the first axle to reduce an overhang of the loading device, and / or in that: - the second axle (4D) comprises a fastening portion, in particular a threaded portion (8), through which the second axle is fixed to the vehicle body, an intermediate portion clamped by the second jaw, and a support portion (14),The intermediate portion being positioned between the fixing portion and the support portion, the loading device comprising a second bearing surface (30D) bearing on the support portion of the second axis to reduce an overhang of the loading device.

6. Loading system according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that: - the first axis (4G) comprises at least one flange (12, 13) extending perpendicularly to the first axis, the at least one flange forming a stop retaining the first jaw on the first axis, and / or in that: - the second axis (4D) comprises at least one flange (12, 13) extending perpendicularly to the second axis, the at least one flange forming a stop retaining the second jaw on the second axis.

7. Loading system (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: - the first shaft (4G) comprises a rigid body (10) and a sleeve (11) made of a material more flexible than the body, said sleeve enveloping the body, the first jaw (16G) clamping the sleeve onto the body, and / or in that: - the second shaft (4D) comprises a rigid body (10) and a sleeve (11) made of a material more flexible than the body, said sleeve enveloping the body, the second jaw (16D) clamping the sleeve onto the body.

8. Loading system (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: - the first axle (4G) comprises a threaded portion (8) screwed into a first tapped opening formed in the vehicle body, and optionally a recess (9) intended to cooperate with a tool for screwing or unscrewing the first axle in the first tapped opening, and / or in that: - the second axle (4D) comprises a threaded portion (8) screwed into a second tapped opening formed in the vehicle body, and optionally a recess (9) intended to cooperate with a tool for screwing or unscrewing the second axle in the second tapped opening.

9. Loading system (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: - the first threaded opening is suitable for receiving a towing ring of the vehicle, and in that the first axis (4G) extends longitudinally towards the rear of the vehicle, and / or in that: - the second threaded opening is suitable for receiving a towing ring of the vehicle, and in that the second axis (4D) extends longitudinally towards the rear of the vehicle.

10. A method of using a loading device (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a loading system (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: - positioning the first jaw (16G) around the first axis (4G), then - the rotation of the chassis (15) around the first axis, then - the positioning of the second jaw (16D) around the second axis (4D), then - tightening the first jaw around the first axis and tightening the second jaw around the second axis.

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