Method for installing photovoltaic panels on a shade structure.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for installing photovoltaic panels (PP) on the roof (TO) of a shade structure (OM), the method comprising the following steps: positioning two longitudinal crossbeams (TL) on either side of said roof, and mounting the photovoltaic panels (PP) on these crossbeams (TL). The mounting of the photovoltaic panels (PP) consists of: moving a rolling assembly of photovoltaic panels (EPPR) along a longitudinal direction (Dl) of the shade structure (OM), then moving another rolling assembly of photovoltaic panels (EPPR) towards the previous rolling assembly (EPPR), the photovoltaic panels (PP) of the other rolling assembly (EPPR) partially overlapping the previous rolling assembly (EPPR). These steps are repeated until the entire roof (TO) is covered. Figure to be published for the abstract: Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: method for installing photovoltaic panels on a shade structure. Technical field.

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for installing photovoltaic panels on a carport roof. The invention also relates to the assembly of rolling photovoltaic panels used to install said panels, and to a carport equipped with photovoltaic panels installed according to the aforementioned method.

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of shade structures and more specifically to photovoltaic shade structures, as well as their assembly and installation methods. Prior art.

[0003] Currently, shade structures are intended for private individuals or professionals and can cover outdoor living spaces or parking areas for vehicles. They thus offer protection against inclement weather while also lowering the temperature. Some shade structures also contribute to energy production through the installation of photovoltaic panels on their roofs.

[0004] However, installing these panels is time-consuming, as they are mounted one by one on the roof. Each panel weighs between 20 and 30 kg, making it heavy, difficult to handle, and presenting a high risk of falling during installation. This complex and demanding installation process therefore causes significant fatigue for the operators and increases their risk of injury. Consequently, several operators are generally required at each site, which increases installation costs.

[0005] Patent document EP 3 123 081 B1 discloses a method for mounting photovoltaic panels on a shade structure roof comprising longitudinal crossbeams on which hairpin-shaped transverse profiles are positioned, the panels being inserted between two adjacent profiles. The cross-section of these profiles comprises a vertical wall and three flat portions, the lower portion fixing the profile to the crossbeams, while the central and upper portions clamp the photovoltaic panels after their insertion. However, the manufacture of these profiles is complex and costly, and their central portion is also more susceptible to twisting during installation or in inclement weather, making the roof fragile. Finally, the installation remains time-consuming.

[0006] The invention aims to overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art. More particularly, the invention aims to simplify the installation of photovoltaic panels on the shade structure, reducing their assembly time and reducing costs.

[0007] The invention also aims to minimize the effort required for their positioning and to reduce the labor required for their installation. Presentation of the invention.

[0008] The solution proposed by the invention is a method for installing photovoltaic panels on a shade structure roof, the method comprising the following steps: positioning two longitudinal crossbeams on either side of said roof, and mounting the photovoltaic panels on these crossbeams, the mounting of the photovoltaic panels consisting of: moving a set of photovoltaic panels rolling along a longitudinal direction of the shade structure, then moving another set of photovoltaic panels rolling towards the previous rolling set, the photovoltaic panels of the other rolling set partially overlapping the previous rolling set, these steps being repeated until the entire roof is formed.

[0009] This process simplifies and drastically reduces the time required to install photovoltaic panels on the roof of a shade structure, which is advantageous for long shade structures. Thus, the cost of the shade structures is reduced, since they are installed more quickly and with less labor. Furthermore, due to the simplified assembly steps, the risk of injury to operators is also reduced.

[0010] Moving the different assemblies along the longitudinal crossbeams is easy to implement, allowing for regular spacing between these assemblies and reducing the complexity of installing large roofs. Thus, the placement of the photovoltaic panels on the roof is optimized, their coverage being both uniform and controlled, improving the accuracy of the installation even in the event of variations in their dimensions due to manufacturing defects.

[0011] Other advantageous features of the process of the invention are listed below. Each of these features may be considered alone or in combination with the notable features defined above. Each of these features contributes, where appropriate, to solving specific technical problems defined further in the description and in which the notable features defined above do not necessarily participate. The latter may, where appropriate, be the subject of one or more divisional patent applications.

[0012] According to an advantageous embodiment, the rolling assembly comprises: a lateral purlin and a central purlin extending in the transverse direction of the canopy, a first series of photovoltaic panels fixed side by side on the purlins, and a second series of photovoltaic panels, each panel of this second series being fixed by one edge to the central purlin and having an opposite edge forming a free end configured to overlap, in use, the lateral purlin of the previous rolling assembly positioned on the roof.

[0013] The purlins installed on the rolling stock improve the rigidity of the assembly, particularly during movement. The configuration of the assembly with a second set of photovoltaic panels having a free end allows for precise and uniform overlap with the previous rolling stock, ensuring functional and aesthetic continuity of the roof.

[0014] According to an advantageous embodiment, the movement of the assembly of photovoltaic panels rolling on the crossbeams is ensured by rolling systems fixed to said assembly.

[0015] The rolling systems facilitate the movement of the rolling assembly on the crossbeams and reduce the friction it experiences during installation. These systems are also easy to implement and manufacture, limit wear on the photovoltaic panels, and increase their lifespan.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment, the movement of the entire set of photovoltaic panels rolling on the crossbeams is controlled by holding mechanisms, said mechanisms being configured to be, in use, in contact with the longitudinal crossbeams.

[0017] This mechanism stabilizes the rolling assembly during its movement on the longitudinal cross members. In particular, it prevents misalignment or lateral deviation of the assembly, ensuring its stable guidance by preventing it from tipping off the cross members.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment, the method includes an additional step of fixing the rolling assembly to the crossbeams and / or the photovoltaic panels of the second series to the lateral purlin of the previous rolling assembly, the fixing of the assembly to the crossbeam being carried out using a fastening piece.

[0019] The various fixings are simple and quick to install, improving the efficiency and stability of the installation while preventing vibrations and ensuring the structural integrity of the roof. More generally, these fixings secure the photovoltaic panels to the roof and limit their lifting in the face of inclement weather.

[0020] According to an advantageous embodiment, when the rolling assembly is the first assembly installed on the roof, it includes a second lateral purlin positioned under the free end of the photovoltaic panels of the second series.

[0021] This fault is added upstream of the mounting of the rolling assembly onto the sleepers, which simplifies and speeds up the process by limiting the necessary handling. The fault It also improves the support and resistance of the roof, by stabilizing and reinforcing the support of the panels for their final fixing.

[0022] The invention also relates to a rolling photovoltaic panel assembly for a shade roof, the assembly being configured to extend in a transverse direction of the shade and comprising: two lateral and central purlins extending in the transverse direction of the shade, a first series of photovoltaic panels positioned side by side on the purlins, a second series of photovoltaic panels positioned laterally to the first series, the panels of the second series being at least fixed at one edge to the central purlin, and the photovoltaic panels of said series positioned at the ends of the purlins being each supported, at their center, by a device which extends in a longitudinal direction of the shade, these devices being configured to rest, in use, on longitudinal crossbeams to allow the movement of the rolling assembly and to form the roof.

[0023] Simultaneous installation of the purlins with the rolling assemblies simplifies and speeds up the assembly of the roof.

[0024] The devices reinforce the support of the photovoltaic panels located at the ends of the purlins of the rolling assembly, particularly during its movement. The photovoltaic panels of the second series are more rigid, even though they are not supported by two purlins. Since the lateral purlin located under the first series of each assembly extends partially beyond it, it can support the panels of the second series of a rolling assembly subsequently installed on the roof.

[0025] According to an advantageous embodiment, the apparatus comprises: at least one connecting beam extending under the photovoltaic panel and in the longitudinal direction of the shade structure; and rolling systems mounted on said beam and configured to be in contact with the underlying longitudinal cross member and allowing the movement of the rolling assembly on the cross member.

[0026] The connecting beam of the devices supports the photovoltaic panels. The positioning of the rolling systems on these beams allows the rolling assembly to move and remain in place on the crossbeams. The systems and connecting beams are simple to manufacture, install, and implement, while also being inexpensive. More generally, the installation of the beam and the rolling systems simplifies the manufacture and installation of the shade structure, while also making it less expensive due to a smaller number of parts.

[0027] According to an advantageous embodiment, the rolling assembly comprises a second connecting beam extending under the photovoltaic panel and comprising rolling systems configured to be in contact with the underlying longitudinal cross members and to allow the movement of the rolling assembly, the connecting beams being configured to extend, in use, in continuity with an inner face and an outer face of said crossbeam.

[0028] The second beam and the additional bearing systems improve the efficiency of the support and the movement of the rolling assembly on the crossbeams, while increasing its rigidity and strength. They also reduce the stresses exerted on the bearing systems, ensuring their durability during movement.

[0029] According to an advantageous embodiment, the connecting beam includes at least one holding mechanism configured to control and orient the rolling assembly during its movement on the crossbeams.

[0030] The addition of the support mechanisms on the rolling assembly improves its orientation and control during its movement, while limiting the risks of lateral deviations.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment, the device comprises an attachment piece having a side face fixed to a purlin of the rolling assembly, and a lower face configured to be fixed to the underlying cross member.

[0032] The attachment piece ensures the fixing of the rolling assembly onto the cross member, improving the solidity of the roof after its assembly.

[0033] According to an advantageous embodiment, the devices positioned under the second series of photovoltaic panels each include a terminal fixing element fixed between the connecting beams and configured to stiffen the device during the movement of the rolling assembly.

[0034] The presence of this fixing element ensures that the device is held during the movement of the rolling assembly, in particular in the absence of the second lateral purlin to solidify the assembly.

[0035] According to an advantageous embodiment, a lateral profile extends between each purlin and the frames of the photovoltaic panels of the first and second series positioned above said purlin, this profile comprising two raised edges configured to collect water and drain it from the roof at one or the other of its ends.

[0036] The presence and shape of the lateral profile improves the recovery of water flowing between two successive sets of rolling photovoltaic panels, and facilitates its drainage at either end. This minimizes the risks of corrosion and water accumulation on the roof.

[0037] The invention also relates to a shade structure comprising: a roof with photovoltaic panels, anchor posts supporting said roof, and longitudinal crossbeams extending laterally from the roof, the photovoltaic panels being installed on the roof by means of the method according to the invention, the shade structure further comprising a ballast tray positioned under its roof and between the longitudinal crossbeams, the tray comprising two median openings each receiving one of the anchor posts.

[0038] This tray improves the structure and strength of the shade structure by adding mass, which reinforces its resistance and anchoring to the ground. Positioned under the roof, it reduces the ground footprint and eliminates the need for foundations. The specific positioning of the anchor posts and ballast tray simplifies panel installation. Brief description of the figures.

[0039] Other advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the description of a preferred embodiment which will follow, with reference to the attached drawings, made by way of indicative and non-limiting examples and on which: - [Fig.1] represents a first sub-step of installation of photovoltaic panels on a shade structure, in which the movement of a rolling assembly on longitudinal crossbeams is carried out. - [Fig.2] represents a second sub-step of panel installation photovoltaics on a shade structure, in which the movement of another rolling assembly against the previous rolling assembly is carried out. - [Fig.3] is a perspective view of a set of panels rolling photovoltaic, used in the installation process of figures 1 and 2. - [Fig.4] is a perspective view representing a device mounted on a failure and configured to support a photovoltaic panel. - [Fig. 5] is a perspective view representing a module used to fix a Photovoltaic panel has a fault. - [Fig.6] is a diagram representing a shade structure with two posts anchoring and two longitudinal crossbeams according to the invention. - [Fig.7] is a diagram representing a shade structure for a park multi-space vehicle parking including several anchor posts. Description of the implementation methods.

[0040] As used here, and unless otherwise indicated, the use of the ordinal adjectives "first," "second," etc., to describe an object simply indicates that different occurrences of similar objects are mentioned and does not imply that the objects thus described must be in any given sequence, whether in time, space, ranking, etc. "X and / or Y" means: X alone or Y alone or X+Y. Generally speaking, it will be appreciated that in the various accompanying drawings, the objects are drawn arbitrarily to facilitate their reading.

[0041] The expression "longitudinal direction" refers to the main direction of the shade structure, i.e., its roof, while the expression "transverse direction" refers to the direction perpendicular to the main direction. Thus, the longitudinal crossbeams are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the shade structure. The terms "upper" and "lower," "horizontal" and "vertical," as well as "internal" and "external," are defined according to the orientation of the shade structure and its components in use.

[0042] Throughout this text, fasteners refer to any device for assembling components, such as screws, studs, or bolts, for example. Alternatively, other fastening methods may be used to assemble two components, such as welding when these components are metallic, interlocking, or the use of rivets or structural adhesives.

[0043] Figures 1 and 2 relate to different stages of the process of installing photovoltaic panels on a shade structure roof according to the invention.

[0044] In Figures 1 and 2, a shade structure OM comprises two longitudinal cross members TL positioned on either side of a roof TO, thus defining a longitudinal direction DI aligned with the orientation of said cross members. Each cross member TL has a first end TLE1 and a second end TLE2, the first ends TLE1 of the two cross members TL being located on the same side of the roof TO. The shade structure OM is also characterized by a transverse direction Dt, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Dl.

[0045] The roof TO of the shade structure OM is supported by two anchor posts PA, themselves anchored in a ballast tray BL preferably fixed between the longitudinal cross members TL. This roof TO comprises purlins Pn extending in the transverse direction Dt, which support photovoltaic panels PP that produce electrical energy. Two examples of shade structure configurations suitable for implementing the method are illustrated in Figures 6 and 7.

[0046] Generally, installing photovoltaic panels on a carport is a costly and time-consuming operation. The invention consists of modifying existing installation methods to simplify their assembly, reducing installation time and associated costs. A first step in this method consists of positioning two longitudinal cross members TL laterally to the roof TO of the carport OM.

[0047] Next, the PP photovoltaic panels are mounted on these crossbeams, following the following sub-steps.

[0048] The first sub-step, represented in [Fig.1], consists of moving a set of EPPR rolling photovoltaic panels in the longitudinal direction D1 of the shade structure OM, and more specifically from the first end TLE1 to the second end TLE2 of the longitudinal cross members TL.

[0049] In this application, the terms "rolling photovoltaic panel assembly", "rolling assembly" and "assembly" are used interchangeably to refer to the same object. In order to prevent the EPPR rolling assembly from tipping off the roof TO, locking elements (not visible in these figures) are preferably positioned at the second ends TLE2 of the cross members TL to stop its movement.

[0050] Each EPPR rolling assembly comprises one or more PP photovoltaic panels, each individually mounted in a C-frame. In these figures, each assembly comprises six photovoltaic panels, but the number can be adapted according to the dimensions of the panels and the canopy. Thus, rolling assemblies with eight photovoltaic panels can also be produced.

[0051] Each EPPR rolling assembly further comprises at least two purlins Pn, more specifically a lateral purlin Pnl and a central purlin Pnc which extend in the transverse direction Dt of the roof TO. The lateral purlin Pnl and central purlin Pnc support a first series PPl of photovoltaic panels PP, the frames C of these panels being fixed to the purlins (Pnl, Pnc) by modules MO.

[0052] The EPPR rolling assembly comprises a second series PP2 of PP panels extending laterally from the first, these panels being fixed at one edge to the central purlin Pnc and thus presenting, at an opposite edge, a free end PP2e. The rolling assembly is described in more detail in Figures 3 and 4.

[0053] The EPPR rolling assembly initially installed on the roof TO may include a second lateral purlin Pnl positioned under the free end PP2e of the PP photovoltaic panels of the second series PP2. This simplifies the mounting of the rolling assembly on the roof.

[0054] The movement of the EPPR rolling assemblies is ensured by SR rolling systems, which are fixed to each assembly and configured to be in contact with the underlying longitudinal cross member TL. The movement of the assembly is controlled by a retaining mechanism MM, which holds it on the cross members TL.

[0055] However, moving a rolling assembly may require an additional traction mechanism, such as one or more straps, preferably attached to the purlins, to propel it. Alternatively, poles can be temporarily mounted on the assembly, or a remote control system can also be used. This would, for example, allow for remote control of its movement and ensure precise positioning of the assembly on the crossbeams. Although such a system would simplify the installation steps, it would be more expensive and complex to implement. Finally, the roof's orientation can help facilitate this movement.

[0056] The second substep, shown in [Fig. 2], consists of moving another EPPR rolling assembly in the longitudinal direction D1, towards the second end TLE2 of the TL crossbeams and against the previous EPPR rolling assembly. This previous EPPR rolling assembly may comprise two or three purlins, with the lateral purlin Pnl, oriented towards the first end TLE1 of the TL crossbeams, left partially free. The second series PP2 of panels from the rolling assemblies is preferably oriented towards the second end TLE2 of the crossbeams, so that their free ends PP2e extend over the lateral purlin Pnl of the previous EPPR rolling assembly. Two successive assemblies are thus configured to partially overlap and ensure roof continuity.

[0057] Thus, the majority of the Pn purlins of the OM shade structure support two series of PP photovoltaic panels, either from the same EPPR rolling assembly or from two successive EPPR rolling assemblies.

[0058] Preferably, the process includes the following additional steps.

[0059] First, a step of fixing the EPPR rolling assemblies onto the longitudinal cross members TL, preferably using a fastening piece shown in [Fig. 4], which secures the EPPR rolling assembly to the cross members. This fixing is preferably carried out with fastening elements.

[0060] The EPPR rolling stock assemblies are advantageously secured after each movement stage of said assemblies, thus allowing their positioning to be fixed appropriately. Alternatively, but not preferably, the securing can be carried out after the various movement stages of all the rolling stock assemblies.

[0061] Finally, a step is taken to attach the subsequent EPPR rolling assembly to the lateral purlin Pnl of the preceding EPPR rolling assembly, improving the strength of the roof TO of the OM shade structure. Advantageously, at least three MO modules are positioned at regular intervals on each purlin (Pnl, Pnc), preferably four or more. These modules support the C frames of the PP photovoltaic panels of one or two successive EPPR rolling assemblies and can support the PP photovoltaic panels of the first series PP1 or the second series PP2 of the same rolling assembly or of two successive assemblies. The attachment is achieved by MOc clips fixed to the MO modules, which clamp one lower end of the C frame, thus preventing it from lifting. Such an MO module is shown in [Fig. 5]. Attaching the two assemblies to the purlin is simple and quick, using these modules.

[0062] Figures 3 to 5 will be described together and in correlation with Figures 1 and 2 above. Figures 3, 4 and 5 represent, respectively, an assembly of photovoltaic panels rolling according to the invention, a device mounted on a purlin of said assembly and a module for attaching the panels to the purlins.

[0063] As described in Figures 1 and 2, in order to simplify the mounting of the PP photovoltaic panels on the roof of the shade structure, these panels are grouped into sets of EPPR rolling photovoltaic panels.

[0064] Each EPPR rolling assembly extends in the transverse direction Dt of the shade structure and comprises the photovoltaic panel(s) PP and their frame(s) C. In these figures, six photovoltaic panels PP are shown in two series of three panels (PP1, PP2), each comprising a frame C. These panels are positioned side by side in the transverse direction Dt, therefore perpendicular to the longitudinal cross members. Alternatively, a single frame may surround each series of photovoltaic panels.

[0065] The EPPR rolling assembly also includes at least two, sometimes three Pn purlins, these purlins preferably being of the sigma type. The positioning of the purlins relative to the different series of photovoltaic panels has been described above.

[0066] At one end of each purlin Pn there is optionally a locking element which can facilitate the positioning of the photovoltaic panels during their installation. Preferably, these locking elements are positioned on the same side of the assembly.

[0067] The EPPR rolling assembly further comprises devices A used in particular to support the PP photovoltaic panels of the two series located at the ends of the purlins. Thus, each of these panels is supported, at its center, by a device. Alternatively, a panel may be supported by several devices. Alternatively, the central panels of the rolling assembly may optionally comprise one or more devices.

[0068] A device A comprises at least one, preferably two, connecting beams API extending in the longitudinal direction DI of the shade structure. It preferably comprises a cross-section C, with a side wall AP11 extending vertically from the lateral purlin Pnl or central purlin Pnc of the assembly, from one edge of the panel to the other. These walls are advantageously positioned, in use, above and at the level of the external and / or internal faces of the cross member.

[0069] The beam further comprises an upper wall AP12 configured to serve as a support for the photovoltaic panel PP that it is to support; it can also be fixed to the frame of said panel, in particular by means of fixing elements.

[0070] The connecting beam Api may further include a lower wall AP13 which, in use, extends outwards from the cross member, and is optionally extended by an upper extension.

[0071] On each AP11 side wall of the Api connecting beams are fixed the SR rolling systems, each system being positioned so as to be, in use, in contact with the underlying cross member, and to allow the movement of the EPPR rolling assembly. Preferably, several bearing systems are positioned along each beam, ensuring better guidance and improved load distribution, thus increasing the durability of the bearing systems. This facilitates the movement of the rolling assembly on the longitudinal beams, while allowing for adequate and balanced support. Alternatively, a single beam can be mounted to support the bearing systems, or these systems can, for example, be attached to the purlins. These systems can, for example, be ball bearings, roller bearings, or plain bearings.

[0072] Each SR rolling system preferably consists of a vertical wheel mounted on an axle, the axle passing through at least the side wall AP11 of the beam and possibly also passing through the upper extension, allowing the SR rolling system to be stiffened.

[0073] Furthermore, the lower wall AP13 of the connecting beam API can serve as a support for the retaining mechanisms MM. Each mechanism preferably consists of a vertical shaft supporting a horizontal wheel that bears against one of the faces of the cross member, thus ensuring its guidance. Advantageously, the shaft is also mounted to the upper wall APL2 to ensure the mechanism's strength. Advantageously, several mechanisms are present per beam, thus ensuring the strength and reliability of the assembly's movement.

[0074] This MM mechanism is advantageously associated with the beam, but it could also be independent and, for example, fixed to the purlins. Alternatively, a mechanism performing the same function could be installed on the sleeper, in the form of a rail or a recessed section. These variants are not shown in these figures. These wheels allow the MM retaining mechanism to move along the sleeper and provide simple guidance for the EPPR rolling assembly without damaging the structure.

[0075] Each API connecting beam is advantageously attached to the purlin (Pn, Pnl, Pnc) by a purlin support AS having a U-shaped cross-section. This support comprises a main portion bearing against the purlin Pn, and two upper and lower portions extending above and below said purlin. This configuration improves the beam's attachment to the purlin and stiffens it, particularly during the movement of the rolling assembly.

[0076] Device A further comprises an attachment piece APa, which secures the EPPR rolling assembly to the cross member and advantageously has an L-shape. It is preferably positioned between the two API beams and is fixed to the purlin Pn by means of fasteners on one side. It also has a lower face (not visible in these figures) which secures it to the cross member, preferably by means of fasteners. The arrangement of the various The fixing elements may vary depending on the shape of the purlin (Pn), the number of fixings required, or the positioning of the part. Alternatively, this system can be mounted on the frame of the photovoltaic panel, for example.

[0077] When the EPPR rolling assembly comprises only two purlins Pn, the devices A positioned under the second series PP2 of photovoltaic panels PP may include a terminal fixing element AEf. This element may be fixed between the connecting beams API, and more preferably on the side walls AP11 of said beams. It may also be fixed to the frame C of the photovoltaic panel PP supported by the device A. It serves to stiffen the rolling assembly and the device, especially during movement.

[0078] The EPPR rolling assembly may also include reinforcements R, preferably fixed between the AP11 side wall of the API connecting beams and the adjacent Pn purlin, stiffening the device A and the assembly. A transverse reinforcement Rt, in the form of a beam oriented in the transverse direction of the canopy, extends between the API connecting beams of the devices A positioned under the photovoltaic panels at the ends of the Pn purlins. This reinforcement is fixed to the AP11 side walls of said beams. In the absence of a central device, these reinforcements support the photovoltaic panel(s) located in the middle of the rolling assemblies.

[0079] In addition, the EPPR rolling assembly can also include, between each purlin Pn and the frames C of the photovoltaic panels PP, a lateral profile PL with two raised edges PLb, which serve to collect rainwater and facilitate its drainage to either end of the roof.

[0080] The lateral profile PL, the frame C of the photovoltaic panel PP and the underlying purlin Pn are held together by a module MO, this module being shown in [Fig.5]. These MO modules are positioned at regular intervals on the purlins Pn to ensure the solidity of the roof.

[0081] Thus, an MO module can simultaneously secure the PP photovoltaic panels of two EPPR rolling stock assemblies or of the same EPPR assembly. This dual securing is made possible by an MOa frame equipped with two MOc clips positioned at two ends of the module, each securing one of the C frames. These MO modules hold the PP panels on the roof, even during inclement weather.

[0082] Mounting a module MO onto a purlin Pn is achieved by means of fasteners inserted into holes located on the purlin and on the module. The lateral profile PL passes through a lateral opening MOao in the frame MOa, and is thus held between the purlin and the photovoltaic panel PP.

[0083] Preferably, the optimal fixing between three PP photovoltaic panels of the EPPR rolling assembly and the underlying Pn purlin requires at least three MO modules, positioned at regular intervals on each Pn purlin.

[0084] Figures 6 and 7 illustrate two variants of shade structures in which the method of installing photovoltaic panels can be implemented.

[0085] These shade structures OM extend in two directions: longitudinal DI and transverse Dt, perpendicular to each other, defining respectively a length and a width. Generally, the length of a shade structure is greater than its width, particularly when its roof is oblong or parallelepiped-shaped. However, other roof shapes are also possible.

[0086] The shade structure OM in [Fig. 6] includes two anchor posts PA for mounting the shade structure to the ground, each positioned near the middle of its length, on either side of its roof TO. However, the positioning of the anchor posts can be adapted to the topography of the surroundings or the angle of the roof. Alternatively, the number of anchor posts can also be changed.

[0087] In a particularly preferred manner, the anchor posts PA are made in one piece. A lower end PAEi of each post is attached to the ground by an anchoring device DA known to those skilled in the art, while an upper end PAEs supports the roof TO of the shade structure OM.

[0088] Furthermore, as previously mentioned, the shade structure OM includes two longitudinal cross members TL which extend in its longitudinal direction Dl. However, some shade structures may include more than two cross members, particularly if the width of its roof is greater.

[0089] Each OM shade structure also includes at least one ballast tray BL in which ballast is positioned, which helps to keep the shade structure anchored to the ground, especially during inclement weather. The type of ballast used is known to those skilled in the art and may, for example, be sand, gravel, or concrete.

[0090] This ballast tray BL is preferably fixed in the middle of the two longitudinal cross members TL of the shade structure OM. However, this positioning can be adapted according to the topography of the environment or according to the orientation of the roof.

[0091] Advantageously, the ballast tank BL comprises a lower wall BLPi in which at least two median openings are provided to receive the upper ends PAEs of the anchor posts PA. These openings are extended, within the ballast tank, by an internal wall to which the upper end PAEs of said post is attached by fastening elements. This wall also serves to isolate the ballast and ensure its retention within the ballast tank.

[0092] The roof TO of the OM shade structure also includes the PP photovoltaic panels individually mounted in a generally metallic frame. These panels are positioned on the purlins Pn, which extend in the transverse direction Dt. Preferably, these sigma-type Pn purlins offer better torsional resistance and reinforce the roof TO during inclement weather. They generally extend and are fixed between or on the longitudinal cross members TL. As mentioned previously, the Pn purlins are preferably integrated into the rolling assembly, thus simplifying the installation of the OM canopy.

[0093] Alternatively, the purlins can be fixed directly onto the crossbeams, and rolling assemblies without purlins can be used to move the photovoltaic panels.

[0094] Alternatively, photovoltaic panels can be replaced by plasterboard or pre-assembled sets of tiles, for example.

[0095] The method for installing photovoltaic panels according to the invention is particularly effective for long canopies, suitable for covering a large number of parking spaces for motor vehicles, for example. Such a canopy is shown in [Fig. 7].

[0096] This shade structure OM comprises several anchor posts PA mounted regularly under the roof TO to cover all the planned locations. For example, the space provided between two successive anchor posts may be two or three parking spaces.

[0097] As before, several ballast tanks BL are preferably mounted at the level of the anchor posts PA positioned opposite each other, thus improving the stability and resistance of the shade structure OM. These tanks are preferably oriented in the transverse direction Dt of the shade structure OM.

[0098] Each longitudinal cross member TL comprises several portions placed end-to-end and assembled by assembly pieces TLPa, in order to extend over the entire length of the shade structure OM.

[0099] Various materials can be considered for manufacturing the different components of the shade structure. Wood is a particularly preferred material. However, metallic materials, such as galvanized steel, stainless steel, or aluminum, can also be used. Other materials, such as reinforced concrete or fiber-based composites, can also be considered. The longitudinal crossbeams and anchor posts are preferably made of wood. The other components are preferably made of metallic materials.

[0100] These components are manufactured using techniques known to those skilled in the art, such as extrusion, molding, or rolling, depending on the material chosen. The manufacturing cost can also vary depending on the materials and their manufacturing method.

[0101] The arrangement of the various elements and / or means and / or steps of the invention, in the embodiments described above, should not be understood as requiring such an arrangement in all implementations. In any event, it will be understood that various modifications may be made to these elements and / or means and / or steps, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0102] Furthermore, one or more features described only in one embodiment can be combined with one or more other features described only in another embodiment. Similarly, one or more features described only in one embodiment can be generalized to other embodiments, even if this or these features are described only in combination with other features.

[0103] The use of the verb "comprise", "comprendre" or "include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those stated in a claim.

Claims

Demands

1. A method for installing photovoltaic panels (PP) on a roof (TO) of a shade structure (OM), the method comprising the following steps: - positioning two longitudinal cross members (TL) on either side of said roof, and - mounting the photovoltaic panels (PP) on these cross members (TL), characterized in that the mounting of the photovoltaic panels (PP) consists of: • moving a rolling photovoltaic panel assembly (EPPR) along a longitudinal direction (Dl) of the shade structure (OM), then • moving another rolling photovoltaic panel assembly (EPPR) towards the previous rolling assembly (EPPR), the photovoltaic panels (PP) of the other rolling assembly (EPPR) partially overlapping the previous rolling assembly (EPPR), these steps being repeated until the entire roof (TO) is formed.

2. Installation method according to claim 1, wherein the rolling assembly (EPPR) comprises: - a lateral purlin (Pnl) and a central purlin (Pnc) extending in the transverse direction (Dt) of the shade structure (OM), - a first series (PP1) of photovoltaic panels (PP) fixed side by side on the purlins (Pnl, Pnc), and - a second series (PP2) of photovoltaic panels (PP), each panel of this second series being fixed by one edge to the central purlin (Pnc) and having an opposite edge forming a free end (PP2e) configured to overlap, in use, the lateral purlin (Pnl) of the previous rolling assembly (EPPR) positioned on the roof (TO).

3. Installation method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the movement of the rolling photovoltaic panel assembly (EPPR) on the crossbeams (TL) is ensured by rolling systems (SR) fixed to said assembly.

4. An installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the movement of the rolling photovoltaic panel assembly (EPPR) on the crossbeams (TL) is controlled by retaining mechanisms (MM), said mechanisms being configured to be, in use, in contact with the longitudinal cross members (TL).

5. Installation method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, comprising an additional step of fixing the rolling assembly (EPPR) to the crossbeams (TL) and / or the photovoltaic panels (PP) of the second series (PP2) to the lateral purlin (Pnl) of the preceding rolling assembly (EPPR), the fixing of the assembly to the crossbeam being carried out using a fastening piece (APa).

6. Installation method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, when the rolling assembly (EPPR) is the first assembly installed on the roof (TO), it includes a second lateral purlin (Pnl) positioned under the free end (PP2e) of the photovoltaic panels (PP) of the second series (PP2).

7. A rolling photovoltaic panel assembly (EPPR) for a carport roof (TO) (OM), the assembly being configured to extend in a transverse direction (Dt) of the carport and comprising: - two lateral and central purlins (Pnl, Pnc) extending in the transverse direction (Dt) of the carport (OM), - a first series (PP1) of photovoltaic panels (PP) positioned side by side on the purlins (Pnl, Pnc), - a second series (PP2) of photovoltaic panels (PP) positioned laterally to the first series (PP1), the panels of the second series (PP2) being fixed at least at one edge to the central purlin (Pnc), and - the photovoltaic panels (PP) of said series positioned at the ends of the purlins (Pnl, Pnc) each being supported, at their center, by a device (A) which extends in a longitudinal direction (Dl) of the shade structure (OM), these devices (A) being configured to lean, in use,on longitudinal cross members (TL) to allow the movement of the rolling assembly and to form the roof (TO).

8. Rolling assembly (EPPR) according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus (A) comprises: - at least one connecting beam (API) extending under the photovoltaic panel (PP) and in the longitudinal direction (Dl) of the shade structure (OM); and - rolling systems (SR) mounted on said beam and configured to be in contact with the underlying longitudinal cross member (TL) and allowing the movement of the rolling assembly (EPPR) on the cross member (TL).

9. Rolling assembly (EPPR) according to claim 8, comprising a second connecting beam (API) extending under the photovoltaic panel (PP) and comprising rolling systems (SR) configured to be in contact with the underlying longitudinal cross members (TL) and to allow movement of the rolling assembly, the connecting beams (API) being configured to extend, in use, in continuity with an inner face and an outer face of said cross member.

10. Rolling assembly (EPPR) according to claims 8 and / or 9, wherein the connecting beam (API) includes at least one holding mechanism (MM) configured to control and orient the rolling assembly (EPPR) during its movement on the sleepers (TL).

11. Rolling assembly (EPPR) according to claims 7 to 10, wherein the device (A) comprises an attachment piece (APa) having a side face fixed to a purlin (Pnc, Pnl) of the rolling assembly (EPPR), and a bottom face configured to be fixed to the underlying cross member (TL).

12. Rolling assembly (EPPR) according to claims 8 and 9, wherein the devices (A) positioned under the second series (PP2) of photovoltaic panels (PP) each comprise a terminal fixing element (AEf) fixed between the connecting beams (API) and configured to stiffen the device (A) during the movement of the rolling assembly (EPPR).

13. [Rolling assembly (EPPR) according to claims 7 to 11, wherein a lateral profile (PL) extends between each purlin (Pnl, Pnc) and frames (C) of the photovoltaic panels (PP) of the first and second series (PP1, PP2) positioned above said purlin, this profile comprising two raised edges (PLb) configured to collect water and drain it from the roof (TO) at either end of it.

14. Shade structure (OM) comprising: - a roof (TO) with photovoltaic panels (PP), - anchor posts (PA) supporting said roof, and - longitudinal crossbeams (TL) that extend laterally to the roof (TO), characterized in that the photovoltaic panels (PP) are installed on the roof (TO) by means of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the shade structure also includes a ballast tray (BL) positioned under its roof (TO) and between the longitudinal crossbeams (TL), the tray including two median openings receiving, each, one of the anchoring posts (PA).

Images