Requirements and test methodology for low-power wake-up signal and receiver

Abstract

A first apparatus 110, e.g. a device under test (DUT), such as a terminal device or user equipment (UE), performs the followings acts, until a first condition, e.g. expiration of a first timer 4015, a first time duration being passed, or a value of a first counter hitting a first threshold number, is satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus 120, e.g. test equipment, a wake-up signal 4112 with a first receiver of the first apparatus 110, monitoring 4112, with a second receiver of the first apparatus 110, a downlink transmission 4118 from the second apparatus 120 based on the reception of the wake-up signal 4112, transmitting 4122, to the second apparatus 120, a feedback of the downlink transmission, entering a sleep mode 4126 with switching off the second receiver after the transmission of the feedback 4122 and, based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further wake-up signal (4214 fig.4B) with the first receiver, until a second condition, e.g. expiration of a second timer 4025, a second time duration being passed, or a value of a second counter hit a second threshold number, is satisfied.

Description

FIELD

[0001] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for testing low-power wake-up signal and receiver. BACKGROUND

[0002] 5-th generation (5G) systems are designed and developed targeting for both mobile telephony. Besides latency, reliability, and availability, UE energy efficiency is also critical to 5G. According to some solutions, low-power wake up (LP-WUS) signal and low-power wake up receiver (LP-WUR) for new radio (NR) are proposed. The low-power wake-up signal and receiver, including power saving benefit, coverage, system overhead impact, network energy impact and other related aspects. The receiver architecture for low-power wake-up receiver and provide analysis for power consumption, noise figure and etc. SUMMARY

[0003] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to: perform the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitor a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0004] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: perform the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitor a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0005] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmit, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0006] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method. The method comprises: performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0007] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a first apparatus. The first apparatus comprises means for performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; and means for based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0008] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a second apparatus. The second apparatus comprises means for performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and means for based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0009] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the third aspect.

[0010] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium comprises instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0011] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.

[0012] It is to be understood that the Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;

[0015] FIG. 2 A illustrates a schematic diagram of a test equipment connection;

[0016] FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of user equipment connection for single basic cell;

[0017] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of UE operations with low-power wake-up receiver;

[0018] FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B illustrate a signaling chart for communication according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0021] FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified block diagram of a device that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0022] FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.

[0025] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0026] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “an example embodiment,” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

[0027] It shall be understood that although the terms “first,” “second” and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0028] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of ” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or”, mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.

[0029] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.

[0030] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “has”, “having”, “includes” and / or “including”, when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable): (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuit(s) with software / firmware and (ii) any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions) and (c) hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s), such as a microprocessor s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.

[0032] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As a further example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.

[0033] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on. Furthermore, the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G), the second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G), the fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system.

[0034] As used herein, the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP), for example, a node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), an NR NB (also referred to as a gNB), a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a radio header (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. In some example embodiments, radio access network (RAN) split architecture comprises a Centralized Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node comprises a Mobile Terminal (IAB-MT) part that behaves like a UE toward the parent node, and a DU part of an IAB node behaves like a base station toward the next-hop IAB node.

[0035] The term “terminal device” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), a Subscriber Station (SS), a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS), or an Access Terminal (AT). The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE), laptop-mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE), an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery), an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts), a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. The terminal device may also correspond to a Mobile Termination (MT) part of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node). In the following description, the terms “terminal device”, “communication device”, “terminal”, “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.

[0036] As used herein, the term “resource,” “transmission resource,” “resource block,” “physical resource block” (PRB), “uplink resource,” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0037] As used herein, the term “connected state” or “connected mode” used herein may refer to a state in which service radio bearer and data radio bearer are allocated for the terminal device. It is noted that terms “RRC connected mode” and “connected mode” can be used interchangeably. The term “idle state” or “idle mode” used herein may refer to a state where the terminal device is switched on but does not have any established RRC connection. It is noted that terms “RRC idle mode” and “idle mode” can be used interchangeably. The term “inactive state” or “inactive mode” used herein may refer to a state when there is a connection that has been suspended. It is noted that terms “RRC inactive mode” and “inactive mode” can be used interchangeably.

[0038] As used herein, the term “discontinuous reception (DRX)” used herein may refer to a technique that allows a terminal device to receive data and sleep within a period when there are no packets to be received. The term “discontinuous transmission (DTX)” used herein refers to a technique that allows the terminal device to transmit data and sleep within a period when there are no packets to be transmitted. The term “on duration” or “active period” used for DRX refers to a time period during which the terminal device is able to monitor a channel, for example, a physical control channel or a physical shared channel, and receive data or control information on the channel. The term “DTX period” or “opportunity for DTX” or “off time” or “off duration” or “non-active / inactive period” for cell DTX used herein refers to a time period during which the terminal device does not transmit data or control information on the channel. The term “DTX cycle” used herein comprises an on-duration during which the terminal device may transmit data or control information on the channel and a DTX period during which the terminal device can skip transmission of channel. The term “DRX cycle” used herein comprises an on-duration during which the terminal device may receive data or control information on the channel and a DRX period during which the terminal device can skip reception of channel.

[0039] As used herein, the term “wake-up signal” may refer to a kind of signal that is used to wake up a device, which is a type of power saving mechanism. It tries to save power by letting the terminal device to continue to sleep (i.e, No Wake up) even for DRX OnDuration period when there is no data for the terminal device and the network device does not notify the terminal device of 'Wake Up'. When there is any data for the terminal device, the network device would notify the terminal device of 'Wave Up' so that terminal device wakes up and receive data during OnDuration time.

[0040] The term “downlink transmission” used herein may refer to any information and / or data transmitted on a downlink channel. The term “sleep mode” used herein may refer to an operation mode / state where one or more components (such as, receivers) are partly or totally switched off.

[0041] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication network 100 may include a first apparatus 110 and a second apparatus 120. The first apparatus 110 may communicate with the second apparatus 120. It is to be understood that the number of second apparatus and first apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is given for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitations. The communication network 100 may include any suitable number of second apparatus and first apparatus.

[0042] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may comprise a device under test (DUT). For example, the first apparatus 110 may be a terminal device (for example, UE) which is under test. The second apparatus 120 may comprise a test equipment (TE).

[0043] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the first apparatus 110 operating as a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 operating as a TE. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a TE or other device, and operations described in connection with a TE may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.

[0044] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 is a terminal device and the second apparatus 120 is a TE, a link from the second apparatus 120 to the first apparatus 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL), and a link from the first apparatus 110 to the second apparatus 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL). In DL, the second apparatus 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the first apparatus 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver). In UL, the first apparatus 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the second apparatus 120 is a RX device (or a receiver).

[0045] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol(s), comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G), the second generation (2G), the third generation (3G), the fourth generation (4G), the fifth generation (5G), the sixth generation (6G), and the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future. Moreover, the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), Time Division Duplex (TDD), Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and / or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0046] FIG. 2 A illustrates a schematic diagram of a test equipment connection 210. The test equipment connection 210 may be implemented at the second apparatus 120. A subscribe station (SS), faders and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) noise source are connected to UE antenna connectors are shown in FIG. 2A. In particular, the new radio (NR) TX 1 is connected to the Fader 1 and the NR TX 2 is connected to the Fader 2. Outputs of the Faders 1 and 2 and the AWGN may be combined together and transmitted, using TX of the second apparatus, to the first apparatus 110. FIG. 2B illustrates a schematic diagram of UE connection 220 for single basic cell. The UE connection 220 may be implemented at the first apparatus 110.

[0047] According to some embodiments, more than one receiver may be configured at the first apparatus 110. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first apparatus 110 may be configured with a first receiver 310 and a second receiver 320. In some example embodiments, the first receiver 310 and the second receiver 320 may be different receivers. Alternatively, the first receiver 310 and the second receiver 320 may be different operational modes of the same receiver.

[0048] In some example embodiments, a separate low-power wake-up receiver, LP-WUR, at the UE, instead of the main receiver (MR) so that UE can reduce power consumption. By way of example, the first receiver 310 may be the low-power wake-up receiver and the second receiver 320 may be the MR. The main receiver (i.e., the second receiver 320) of the first apparatus 110 can be in a sleep mode (or even powered off) for power saving and be activated only upon the reception of the wake-up signal using the first receiver 310 from the network. The second apparatus 120 may trigger the first apparatus 110 to wake-up exactly when needed in an event-driven manner, by transmitting a special wake-up signal, WUS, to the first apparatus 110, which is monitored by the dedicated LP-WUR (i.e., the first receiver 310) at the first apparatus 110. When the first apparatus 110 receives the WUS, the WUS receiver can trigger the wake-up of the ordinary NR transceiver (i.e. the second receiver 320) and communication can start. Thus, the first receiver 310 wakes up the second receiver 320 and otherwise, the second receiver 320 is OFF or kept in a deep sleep mode.

[0049] In some embodiments, there may be different LP-WUR types, mainly envelope detectors and sequence detectors. Regarding envelope detectors (ED) LP-WUR, the LP-WUR is capable of detecting ON / OFF keying and has no IQ branch to perform coherent / sequence detection. This receiver can receive LP-WUS and low power synchronization signal (LP-SS). Regarding sequence detectors (SD) LP-WUR, with sequence detection (SD) the LP-WUR uses IQ branches to perform coherent detection. This type of receiver can receive also synchronization signal block (SSB) in addition to LP-WUS.

[0050] As mentioned above, LP-WUS and LP-WUR are proposed. In some solutions, an LP-WUS may be commonly applicable to both IDLE / INACTIVE and CONNECTED modes. In RRC IDLE / INACTIVE modes, using LP-WUS / WUR to trigger UE MR paging monitoring has been shown to provide significant UE power saving gain compared with idle-DRX (I-DRX) operation. In RRC CONNECTED mode, while using LP-WUS / WUR to trigger UE MR PDCCH monitoring has been shown to provide moderate UE power saving gain with marginal impact to capacity compared with existing UE power saving techniques.

[0051] In some solutions, regarding performance metric for reference sensitivity (REFSENS), X% missed detection rate may be used as the starting point for performance metric for LP-WUS RF requirements. In addition, regarding test metric for LP-WUR receiver, test metric may be aligned with performance metric for RX requirements.

[0052] Currently, typical NR receiver performance is tested by TE repeatedly sending data packages in physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) to the UE under test over the test time, with the throughput calculated based on the statistical discontinuous Transmission (statDTX) / acknowledgment / non-acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) sent by the UE after successful PDSCH reception. The test duration is required to be long enough to collect the required number of samples to achieve a 95% confidence level of the test results, i.e., to pass a good UE and fail a bad UE.

[0053] The REFSENS, adjacent channel selectivity (ACS) and adjacent subcarrier selectivity (ASCS) requirements aim to verify the LP-WUR performance to successfully receive the LP-WUS in the presence of, respectively, no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer and an adjacent subcarrier interferer. A new methodology is thus required to be considered, because LP-WUS is a new signal in NR design and currently no acknowledgement is assumed to be sent by the UE after successful LP-WUS reception. This means that the current methodology for typical NR receiver performance assessment cannot be applied, as there is no ACK / NACK for LP-WUS reception.

[0054] As discussed above, the WUS / WUR is used to trigger UE MR paging monitoring in RRC IDLE / INACTIVE modes and UE MR PDCCH monitoring in RRC CONNECTED mode. Currently there is no performance requirement for UE MR paging monitoring in 3GPP specifications, but there is demodulation requirement for UE MR PDCCH monitoring assessed by the probability of miss-detection of the Downlink Scheduling Grant (Pm-dsg).

[0055] On the other hand, false alarm rate is also an important performance metric for LP-WUS reception, because high false alarm rate means unnecessary wake-up for the UE MR which in turns leads to low UE power saving, i.e., against the original objective of the LP-WUS design. Moreover, if false alarm rate is not verified in the test, LP-WUR can set the detection threshold for the LP- -WUS to a very low level to ensure that the missed detection rate is low enough to pass the test, while causing a high false alarm rate.

[0056] In accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a solution for testing low-power wake-up signal and receiver. Superficially, demodulation requirements for MR PDCCH monitoring are used together with the LP-WUS transmission to assess the LP-WUR performance at least in terms of REF SENS, ACS and ASCS, combining a probability of miss-detection of the Downlink Scheduling Grant (Pm-dsg) metric with a new false alarm rate metric. The LP-WUR performance, at least in terms of REFSENS, ACS and ASCS, is assessed by the probability of miss-detection of the Downlink Scheduling Grant (Pm-dsg) and the false alarm rate following the transmission of the LP-WUS in the presence of, respectively, no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer and an adjacent subcarrier interferer. In this way, the test duration can be shortened.

[0057] Example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Reference is made to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, which illustrates a signalling flow 400 of testing LP-WUR in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the signalling flow 400 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120. It is noted that the order of acts / steps shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B is only an example not limitation.

[0059] The first apparatus 110 may obtain (4002) a test configuration. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may transmit (4002) the test configuration to the first apparatus 110. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may receive (4002) the test configuration from the second apparatus 120. For example, the test configuration may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling. Alternatively, the test configuration may be preconfigured at the first apparatus 110.

[0060] In some example embodiments, the test configuration may include one or more initial conditions that the first apparatus 110 need to be tested in and the steps for the second apparatus 120 to take with the first apparatus 110 to reach the correct measurement state. For example, the test configuration may include one or more of: environmental conditions, test frequencies, test channel bandwidths and sub-carrier spacing based on NR operating bands. Table 1 below shows an example of the test configuration according to example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that Table 1 is only an example not limitation. Table 1 5.x. 1.1.1.4 Test description 5.x.1.1.1.4.1 Initial conditions Initial conditions are a set of test configurations the UE needs to be tested in and the steps for the SS to take with the UE to reach the correct measurement state. The initial test configurations consist of environmental conditions, test frequencies, test channel bandwidths and sub-carrier spacing based on NR operating bands specified in Table 5.3.5-1 and Table 5.3.6-1 of 38.521-1 [7], Configurations of LP-WUS and PDCCH before measurement are specified in Annexes X and C. Test Environment: Normal, as defined in TS 38.508-1 [6] clause 4.1. Frequencies to be tested: Mid Range, as defined in TS 38.508-1 [6] clause 5.2.2. 1. Connect the SS, the faders and AWGN noise source to the UE antenna connectors as shown in TS 38.508-1 [6] Annex A in Figure A.3.1.7.0 for TE diagram and clause A.3.2.2 for UE diagram. 2. The parameter settings for the cell are set up according to Table 5.3-1 and Table 5.3.1.1.1.3-1 and as appropriate. 3. Downlink signals for NR cell are initially set up according to Annexes X.0, C.0, C. 1, C.2 and uplink signals according to Annexes G.0, G.l, G.2, G.3.1 of TS 38.521-1 [7]. 4. Propagation conditions are set according to Annex B.O. 5. Ensure the UE is in state RRC CONNECTED with generic procedure parameters Connectivity NR, Connected without Release On, Test Mode On according to TS 38.508-1 [6] clause 4.5. Message contents are defined in clause 5.3.1.1.1.4.3.

[0061] The first apparatus 110 may configure (4004) the first receiver 310 and the second receiver 320 to reach a measurement state based on the test configuration. For example, the 5 first apparatus 110 may activate the first receiver 310 based on the test configuration within a time duration (referred to as “third time duration”). In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may reach the measurement state in the connected mode with DRX or extended (eDRX) configuration. In this case, the test duration may be shortened, since there is no need to page the first apparatus 110.

[0062] The second apparatus 120 may wait (4006) for the third time duration. For example, the second apparatus 120 may start a timer of which running time is the third time duration.

[0063] The second apparatus 120 may select (4008) an interferer for a wake-up signal based on a channel condition requirement. For example, the second apparatus 120 may select no interferer based on a REFSENS requirement. Alternatively, or in addition, the second apparatus 120 may select an adjacent channel interferer based on an ACS requirement. In some other example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may select an adjacent subcarrier interferer based on an ASCS requirement. It is noted that the channel condition requirement may include any other suitable requirements.

[0064] A plurality of acts (4110) are performed by the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120, until a first condition is satisfied. For example, the first condition may be an expiration of a first timer. In this case, the second apparatus 120 may start (4010) the first timer before the plurality of acts are performed (4110). The plurality of acts (4110) may be performed for one or more times during the running time of the first timer. Alternatively, the first condition may include a first time duration being passed. In this case, the plurality of acts (4110) may be performed for one or more times within the first time duration. In some other example embodiments, the first condition may include a value of a first counter hit a first threshold number. In this case, if all of the plurality of acts (4110) are performed for one time, the value of the first counter may be increased by 1.

[0065] The second apparatus 120 transmits (4112) the wake-up signal to the first apparatus 110. In other words, the first apparatus 110 receives (4112) the wake-up signal from the second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may transmit (4112) the wake-up signal to the first apparatus 110, after the third time duration starting from the transmission of the test configuration. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may receive, from the second apparatus 120, the wake-up signal with the first receiver, after the third time duration starting from the reception of the test configuration. For example, the wake-up signal may be transmitted and / or received, if the timer of which running time is the third time duration expires.

[0066] As mentioned above, in some example embodiments, the interferer may be selected based on the channel condition requirement. In this case, the wake-up signal may be transmitted with the selected interferer. For example, if no interferer is selected, the wake-up signal is transmitted with no interferer. Alternatively, the wake-up signal may be transmitted with the adjacent channel interferer or the adjacent subcarrier interferer. In other words, the wake-up signal may be received with one of: no interferer, the adjacent channel interferer, or the adjacent subcarrier interferer.

[0067] The first apparatus 110 monitors (4112), with the second receiver 320, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus 120 based on the reception of the wake-up signal. In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission may include a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission that follows the PDCCH transmission. For example, the PDCCH transmission (such as, downlink control information (DCI)) may schedule the PDSCH transmission. Alternatively, the downlink transmission may refer to the PDCCH. In some example embodiments, the PDCCH and / or PDSCH transmissions may be sent with a good channel quality condition. For example, the PDCCH and / or PDSCH transmissions may be sent with a signal to interference plus noise (SINK) that is higher than a threshold to ensure the MR performance. In this way, it can ensure the MR performance of the first apparatus 110 and will not impact the outcome of the LP-WUR test. It is noted that the channel quality may also refer to other parameters.

[0068] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may activate the second receiver 320 based on the reception of the wake-up signal within a time duration (referred to as “fourth time duration” herein after). The fourth time duration may be dependent on capabilities of the first apparatus 110.

[0069] The second apparatus 120 transmits (4118) the downlink transmission to the first apparatus 110. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may receive the downlink transmission from the second apparatus 120.

[0070] In some example embodiments, after transmitting (4112) the wake-up signal, the second apparatus 120 may wait (4116) for the fourth time duration before transmitting the downlink transmission. In other words, the first apparatus may receive (4118) the downlink transmission with the second receiver 320 from the second apparatus 120, after the fourth time duration starting from the reception (4112) of the wake-up signal.

[0071] The second apparatus 120 monitors (4120) a feedback of the downlink transmission from the first apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may monitor the feedback for a time duration (referred to as “fifth time duration”). For example, after the transmission (4118) of the downlink transmission, the second apparatus 120 may start a timer of which running time is equal to the fifth time duration. The fifth time duration may be used to allow MR delay at the first apparatus 110.

[0072] The first apparatus 110 transmits (4122) the feedback of the downlink transmission to the second apparatus 120. For example, if the PDCCH followed by PDSCH is received, the feedback of the downlink transmission may be triggered. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may transmit (4122) the feedback of the downlink transmission within the fifth time duration.

[0073] In some example embodiments, the feedback may be an ACK. For example, if the downlink transmission is successfully decoded, the first apparatus 110 may transmit the ACK to the second apparatus 120. Alternatively, if the downlink transmission is not successful decoded, the first apparatus 110 may transmit the NACK to the second apparatus 120.

[0074] The second apparatus 120 may record (4124) the feedback, after the reception of the feedback. The second apparatus 120 may end the timer of which running time is equal to the fifth time duration. Alternatively, if there is no feedback from the first apparatus 110, the second apparatus 130 may record statDTX. For example, if there is no feedback within the fifth time duration, the statDTX may be reordered.

[0075] The first apparatus 110 enters (4126) the sleep mode with switching off the second receiver 320, after the transmission of the feedback. For example, the second receiver 320 may be partially or totally switched off. In some example embodiments, a sleep cycle of the second receiver 320 is corresponding to a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle of the first apparatus 110. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may enter the sleep mode periodically. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may waits for a time duration (referred to as “sixth time duration”) to ensure that the second receiver 320 of the first apparatus 110 has gone back to sleep mode or DRX OFF state. The sixth time duration may depend on the DRX cycle. For example, the second apparatus 120 may start a timer of which running time is equal to the sixth time duration.

[0076] As mentioned above, the plurality of acts (4110) are performed by the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 for serval times. For example, the second apparatus may transmit (4112) the wake-up signal for the second time, after the sixth time duration. In other words, the plurality of acts (4110) may be repeated until the first condition being satisfied.

[0077] In some example embodiments, if the first timer is started (4010) and the second apparatus 120 determines (4015) the expiration of the first timer, the plurality of acts (4110) are not repeated. Alternatively, if the value of the first counter hits the first threshold number, the plurality of acts (4110) are not repeated. The way of increasing the value of the first counter has been described above.

[0078] A plurality of acts (4210) are performed by the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120, until a second condition is satisfied. For example, the first condition may be an expiration of a first timer. In this case, the second apparatus 120 may start (4020) the second timer before the plurality of acts are performed (4210). The plurality of acts (4210)may be performed for one or more times during the running time of the second timer. Alternatively, the second condition may include a second time duration being passed. In this case, the plurality of acts (4210) may be performed for one or more times within the second time duration. In some other example embodiments, the second condition may include a value of a second counter hit a second threshold number. In this case, if all of the plurality of acts (4210) are performed for one time, the value of the second counter may be increased by 1.

[0079] The first apparatus 110 monitors (4214) a potential wake-up signal from the second apparatus 120. The second apparatus 110 may transmit (4218) the downlink transmission without transmitting the wake-up signal. That is, the PDCCH monitoring by the second receiver 320 is not triggered, since there is no wake-up signal for the first receiver 310. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may wait (4216) for the fourth time duration before transmitting (4218) the downlink transmission.

[0080] The second apparatus 120 monitors (4220) the feedback of the downlink transmission from the first apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may monitor the feedback for the fifth time duration. For example, after the transmission (4218) of the downlink transmission, the second apparatus 120 may start a timer of which running time is equal to the fifth time duration.

[0081] The first apparatus 110 may transmit (4122) the feedback of the downlink transmission to the second apparatus 120. Actually, since there is no wake-up signal, the first apparatus 110 may not monitor the downlink transmission and then not transmit the feedback of the downlink transmission, if the first receiver of the first apparatus is not wake up by some interference signal. That is, during this phase, the second apparatus may not receive any feedback, if the performance of the LP-WUR is good enough.

[0082] The second apparatus 120 may record (4224) the feedback, after the reception of the feedback. The second apparatus 120 may end the timer of which running time is equal to the fifth time duration. Alternatively, if there is no feedback from the first apparatus 110, the second apparatus 130 may record statDTX. For example, if there is no feedback within the fifth time duration, the statDTX may be reordered.

[0083] In some example embodiments, if the first apparatus 110 may enter (4226) the sleep mode with switching off the second receiver 320, after the transmission of the feedback. For example, the second receiver 320 may be partially or totally switched off. In some example embodiments, a sleep cycle of the second receiver 320 is corresponding to a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle of the first apparatus 110. In other words, the first apparatus 110 may enter the sleep mode periodically. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may waits for a time duration (referred to as “sixth time duration”) to ensure that the second receiver 320 of the first apparatus 110 has gone back to sleep mode or DRX OFF state. The sixth time duration may depend on the DRX cycle. For example, the second apparatus 120 may start a timer of which running time is equal to the sixth time duration.

[0084] As mentioned above, the plurality of acts (4210) are performed by the first apparatus 110 and the second apparatus 120 for serval times. For example, the second apparatus may transmit (4212) the downlink transmission for the second time, after the sixth time duration. In other words, the plurality of acts (4210) may be repeated until the second condition being satisfied.

[0085] In some example embodiments, if the second timer is started (4020) and the second apparatus 120 determines (4025) the expiration of the second timer, the plurality of acts (4210) are not repeated. Alternatively, if the value of the second counter hits the second threshold number, the plurality of acts (4210) are not repeated. The way of increasing the value of the second counter has been described above.

[0086] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may determine (4030) a first test result of the first apparatus based on the number of transmissions of the wake-up signal and the number of receptions of the feedback. For example, the pass / fail test result may be determined based on the measured Pm-dsg which is the ratio (statDTX) / (NACK + ACK + statDTX) on the UL PUCCH within the first time duration.

[0087] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus 120 may determine (4035) a second test result of the first apparatus based on the number of statistical discontinuous transmissions and the number of receptions of the further feedback. For example, the measured false alarm rate may be the ratio (NACK + ACK) / (NACK + ACK + statDTX) within the second time duration. In this way, the required confidence level of the test may be lowered compared to the current 95% required for typical NR receiver performance testing to shorten the test duration. Moreover, the early decision concept for typical NR receiver performance testing can be applied to shorten the test duration. Table 2 shows an example of test procedure according to example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is note that Table 2 is only an example not limitation. Table 2 5.x. 1.1.1.4.2 Test procedure 1. SS transmits LP-WUS as specified inLP-WUS according to Table 5.x. 1.1.1.3-1. The details of LP-WUS are specified in Table 5.x.1, Table 5.x.1.1-1, Table 5.x.1.1.1.3-1 respectively. SS waits for time T1 as specified in Table 5.x. 1. 2. SS transmits PDCCH with DCI format as specified in PDCCH Reference Channel for C RNTI to transmit the DL RMC according to Table 5.3.1.1.1.3-1. The details of PDCCH are specified in Table 5.3.1, Table 5.3.1.1-1, Table 5.3.1.1.1.3-1 respectively. The details of PDSCH are specified in Table A.3.3.1.1-3. The SS sends downlink MAC padding bits on the DL RMC. SS waits for time T2 as specified in Table 5.x. 1. 3. Set the parameters of the propagation condition, antenna configuration, the correlation matrix and the SNR according to Table 5.3.1.1.1.5-1 as appropriate. 4. Measure the Pm-dsg for a duration sufficient to achieve statistical significance according to Annex G clause G.1.5. SS only one measurement in each configurated DRX cycle. Count the number of NACKs, ACKs and statDTXs on the UL PUCCH during each subtest interval. Pm-dsg is the ratio (statDTX) / (NACK+ACK+statDTX). If Pm-dsg is less than the value specified in table 5 .x.1.1.1.5-1, pass the UE. Otherwise fail the UE. 5. SS transmits PDCCH with DCI format as specified in PDCCH Reference Channel for C RNTI to transmit the DL RMC according to Table 5.3.1.1.1.3-1. The details of PDCCH are specified in Table 5.3.1, Table 5.3.1.1-1, Table 5.3.1.1.1.3-1 respectively. The details of PDSCH are specified in Table A.3.3.1.1-3. The SS sends downlink MAC padding bits on the DL RMC. SS waits for time T2 as specified in Table 5.x. 1. 6. Set the parameters of the propagation condition, antenna configuration, the correlation matrix and the SNR according to Table 5.3.1.1.1.5-1 as appropriate. 7. Measure the falseAlarm for a duration sufficient to achieve statistical significance according to Annex G clause G.1.5. SS only one measurement in each configurated DRX cycle. Count the number of NACKs, ACKs and statDTXs on the UL PUCCH during each subtest interval. falseAlarm is the ratio (NACK+ACK) / (NACK+ACK+statDTX). If falseAlarm is less than the value specified in table 5.x.1.1.1.5-1, pass the UE. Otherwise fail the UE.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first receiver may be in a sleep state if the second receiver is not in an awake state. For example, the LP-WUR may be allowed to go to sleep state when the MR is in awake / DRX ON state for further energy saving during the test.

[0089] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus 110 may be configured into a test mode in which it can send ACK / NACK for LP-WUS reception. Alternatively, the first apparatus 110 may be configured in RRC IDLE / INACTIVE modes and UE MR physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission can be used to record the statistics for the missed-detection and false alarm rates.

[0090] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 500 can be implemented at the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.

[0091] At block 510, the first apparatus 110 performs the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission, and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback.

[0092] At block 520, based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, the first apparatus 110 monitors a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

[0093] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: receiving a test configuration from the second apparatus; and configure the first and second receivers to reach a measurement state based on the test configuration, the first apparatus being in a connected mode.

[0094] In some example embodiments, the wake-up signal is received with one of: no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer, or an adjacent subcarrier interferer.

[0095] In some example embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a first timer, a first time duration being passed, or a value of a first counter hit a first threshold number.

[0096] In some example embodiments, the second condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a second timer, a second time duration being passed, or a value of a second counter hit a second threshold number.

[0097] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: activating the first receiver based on the reception of the test configuration within a third time duration; and receiving, from the second apparatus, the wake-up signal with the first receiver, after the third time duration starting from the reception of the test configuration.

[0098] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: activating the second receiver based on the reception of the wake-up signal within a fourth time duration; and receiving, from the second apparatus, the downlink transmission with the second receiver, after a fourth time duration starting from the reception of the wake-up signal.

[0099] In some example embodiments, the method 500 further comprises: transmitting the feedback of the downlink transmission within a fifth time duration.

[00100] In some example embodiments, a sleep cycle of the second receiver corresponding to a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle.

[00101] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is in a test mode, or wherein the first apparatus is in an idle or inactivate mode or active mode.

[00102] In some example embodiments, the first receiver is in a sleep state if the second receiver is not in an awake state.

[00103] In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink control channel transmission and a physical downlink shared channel transmission that follows the physical downlink control channel transmission.

[00104] In some example embodiments, the feedback comprises an acknowledgement to the downlink transmission or a non-acknowledgement to the downlink transmission.

[00105] In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission is transmitted with a signal to interference plus noise ratio being greater than a SINR threshold.

[00106] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a test equipment.

[00107] FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of an example method 600 implemented at a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the method 600 may be implemented at the second apparatus 120 in FIG. I.

[00108] At block 610, the second apparatus performs the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission.

[00109] At block 620, based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, the second apparatus monitors a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00110] In some example embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a first timer, a first time duration being passed, or a value of a first counter hit a first threshold number.

[00111] In some example embodiments, the second condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a second timer, a second time duration being passed, or a value of a second counter hit a second threshold number.

[00112] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: transmitting a test configuration to a first apparatus; and transmitting the wake-up signal to the first apparatus, after a third time duration starting from the transmission of the test configuration.

[00113] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: selecting, based on a channel condition requirement, an interferer for the wake-up signal; and transmitting the wake-up signal with the selected interferer to the first apparatus based on the selection.

[00114] In some example embodiments, the wake-up signal is transmitted with one of: no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer, or an adjacent subcarrier interferer.

[00115] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: transmitting the downlink transmission to the first apparatus, after a fourth time duration starting from the transmission of the wake-up signal.

[00116] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: monitoring the feedback of the downlink transmission for a fifth time duration.

[00117] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: recording a statistical discontinuous transmission based on a determination that the feedback is not received within the fifth time duration.

[00118] In some example embodiments, the method 600 further comprises: determining a first test result of the first apparatus based on the number of transmissions of the wake-up signal and the number of receptions of the feedback; and determining a second test result of the first apparatus based on the number of statistical discontinuous transmissions and the number of receptions of the further feedback.

[00119] In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink control channel transmission and a physical downlink shared channel transmission that follows the physical downlink control channel transmission.

[00120] In some example embodiments, the feedback comprises an acknowledgement to the downlink transmission or a non-acknowledgement to the downlink transmission.

[00121] In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission is transmitted with a signal to interference plus noise ratio being greater than a SINR threshold.

[00122] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a test equipment.

[00123] In some example embodiments, a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 500 (for example, the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 500. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first apparatus 110 in FIG. 1.

[00124] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus comprises means for performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; and means for based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00125] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for receiving a test configuration from the second apparatus; and configure the first and second receivers to reach a measurement state based on the test configuration, the first apparatus being in a connected mode.

[00126] In some example embodiments, the wake-up signal is received with one of: no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer, or an adjacent subcarrier interferer.

[00127] In some example embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a first timer, a first time duration being passed, or a value of a first counter hit a first threshold number.

[00128] In some example embodiments, the second condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a second timer, a second time duration being passed, or a value of a second counter hit a second threshold number.

[00129] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for activating the first receiver based on the reception of the test configuration within a third time duration; and means for receiving, from the second apparatus, the wake-up signal with the first receiver, after the third time duration starting from the reception of the test configuration.

[00130] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for activating the second receiver based on the reception of the wake-up signal within a fourth time duration; and means for receiving, from the second apparatus, the downlink transmission with the second receiver, after a fourth time duration starting from the reception of the wake-up signal.

[00131] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting the feedback of the downlink transmission within a fifth time duration.

[00132] In some example embodiments, a sleep cycle of the second receiver corresponding to a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle.

[00133] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is in a test mode, or wherein the first apparatus is in an idle or inactivate mode or active mode.

[00134] In some example embodiments, the first receiver is in a sleep state if the second receiver is not in an awake state.

[00135] In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink control channel transmission and a physical downlink shared channel transmission that follows the physical downlink control channel transmission.

[00136] In some example embodiments, the feedback comprises an acknowledgement to the downlink transmission or a non-acknowledgement to the downlink transmission.

[00137] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a test equipment.

[00138] In some example embodiments, a second apparatus capable of performing any of the method 600 (for example, the second apparatus 120) may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in the second apparatus 120 in FIG. 1.

[00139] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus comprises means for performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and means for based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00140] In some example embodiments, the first condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a first timer, a first time duration being passed, or a value of a first counter hit a first threshold number.

[00141] In some example embodiments, the second condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a second timer, a second time duration being passed, or a value of a second counter hit a second threshold number.

[00142] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting a test configuration to a first apparatus; and means for transmitting the wake-up signal to the first apparatus, after a third time duration starting from the transmission of the test configuration.

[00143] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for selecting, based on a channel condition requirement, an interferer for the wake-up signal; and means for transmitting the wake-up signal with the selected interferer to the first apparatus based on the selection.

[00144] In some example embodiments, the wake-up signal is transmitted with one of: no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer, or an adjacent subcarrier interferer.

[00145] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for transmitting the downlink transmission to the first apparatus, after a fourth time duration starting from the transmission of the wake-up signal.

[00146] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for monitoring the feedback of the downlink transmission for a fifth time duration.

[00147] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for recording a statistical discontinuous transmission based on a determination that the feedback is not received within the fifth time duration.

[00148] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises: means for determining a first test result of the first apparatus based on the number of transmissions of the wake-up signal and the number of receptions of the feedback; and means for determining a second test result of the first apparatus based on the number of statistical discontinuous transmissions and the number of receptions of the further feedback.

[00149] In some example embodiments, the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink control channel transmission and a physical downlink shared channel transmission that follows the physical downlink control channel transmission.

[00150] In some example embodiments, the feedback comprises an acknowledgement to the downlink transmission or a non-acknowledgement to the downlink transmission.

[00151] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a test equipment.

[00152] FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram of a device 700 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first apparatus 110 or the second apparatus 120 as shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 700 includes one or more processors 710, one or more memories 720 coupled to the processor 710, and one or more communication modules 740 coupled to the processor 710.

[00153] The communication module 740 is for bidirectional communications. The communication module 740 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 740 may include at least one antenna.

[00154] The processor 710 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 700 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.

[00155] The memory 720 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 724, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disk (DVD), an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of the volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a random-access memory (RAM) 722 and other volatile memories that will not last in the power-down duration.

[00156] A computer program 730 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 710. The instructions of the program 730 may include instructions for performing operations / acts of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 730 may be stored in the memory, e.g., the ROM 724. The processor 710 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 730 into the RAM 722.

[00157] The example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 730 so that the device 700 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 6. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[00158] In some example embodiments, the program 730 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 700 (such as in the memory 720) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 700. The device 700 may load the program 730 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 722 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer readable medium may include any types of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like. The term “non-transitory,” as used herein, is a limitation of the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persistency (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[00159] FIG. 8 shows an example of the computer readable medium 800 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk. The computer readable medium 800 has the program 730 stored thereon.

[00160] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. Although various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[00161] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer readable medium. The computer program product includes computerexecutable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.

[00162] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.

[00163] In the context of the present disclosure, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.

[00164] The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM), a readonly memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[00165] Further, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, although several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Unless explicitly stated, certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.

[00166] Although the present disclosure has been described in languages specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

[00167] Embodiment 1: A second apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: perform the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitor a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00168] Embodiment 2: The second apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink control channel transmission and a physical downlink shared channel transmission that follows the physical downlink control channel transmission.

[00169] Embodiment 3: The second apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the feedback comprises an acknowledgement to the downlink transmission or a non-acknowledgement to the downlink transmission.

[00170] Embodiment 4: The second apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the downlink transmission is transmitted with a channel quality being greater than a threshold.

[00171] Embodiment 5: The second apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a test equipment.

[00172] Embodiment 6: A method comprising: performing, at a first apparatus, the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00173] Embodiment 7: A method comprising: performing, at a second apparatus, the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wakeup signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00174] Embodiment 8: A first apparatus comprising: means for performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal; transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; and entering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; and means for based on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitoring a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied. 5

[00175] Embodiment 9: A second apparatus comprising: means for performing the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied: transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; and transmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; and monitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; and means for based on a determination that the first condition is 10 satisfied, monitoring a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

[00176] Embodiment 10: A computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for causing an apparatus at least to perform the method of embodiment 6 or 7.

Claims

1. A first apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to:perform the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied:receiving, from a second apparatus, a wake-up signal with a first receiver of the first apparatus, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver;monitoring, with the second receiver, a downlink transmission from the second apparatus based on the reception of the wake-up signal;transmitting, to the second apparatus, a feedback of the downlink transmission; andentering a sleep mode with switching off the second receiver, after the transmission of the feedback; andbased on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitor a further wake-up signal with the first receiver, until a second condition being satisfied.

2. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:receive a test configuration from the second apparatus; and configure the first and second receivers to reach a measurement state based on the test configuration, the first apparatus being in a connected mode.

3. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wake-up signal is received with one of: no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer, or an adjacent subcarrier interferer.

4. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first condition comprises at least one of: an expiration of a first timer,a first time duration being passed, ora value of a first counter hit a first threshold number.

5. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second condition comprises at least oneof:an expiration of a second timer,a second time duration being passed, ora value of a second counter hit a second threshold number.

6. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:activate the first receiver based on the reception of the test configuration within a third time duration; andreceive, from the second apparatus, the wake-up signal with the first receiver, after the third time duration starting from the reception of the test configuration.

7. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to:activate the second receiver based on the reception of the wake-up signal within a fourth time duration; andreceive, from the second apparatus, the downlink transmission with the second receiver, after a fourth time duration starting from the reception of the wake-up signal.

8. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is caused to: transmit the feedback of the downlink transmission within a fifth time duration.

9. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein a sleep cycle of the second receiver is corresponding to a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle.

10. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is in a test mode, or wherein the first apparatus is in an idle or inactivate mode or active mode.

11. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first receiver is in a sleep state if the second receiver is in an awake state.

12. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink control channel transmission and a physical downlink shared channel transmission that follows the physical downlink control channel transmission.

13. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the feedback comprises an acknowledgement to the downlink transmission or a non-acknowledgement to the downlink transmission.

14. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the downlink transmission is transmitted with a channel quality being greater than a threshold.

15. The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a test equipment.

16. A second apparatus comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to:perform the followings acts, until a first condition being satisfied:transmitting, to a first apparatus, a wake-up signal, and the first apparatus being configured with the first receiver and a second receiver; andtransmitting a downlink transmission to the first apparatus; andmonitoring a feedback of the downlink transmission; andbased on a determination that the first condition is satisfied, monitor a further feedback of downlink transmission, until a second condition being satisfied.

17. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first condition comprises at least one of:an expiration of a first timer,a first time duration being passed, ora value of a first counter hit a first threshold number.

18. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second condition comprises at least one of:an expiration of a second timer,a second time duration being passed, ora value of a second counter hit a second threshold number.

19. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: transmit a test configuration to a first apparatus; andtransmit the wake-up signal to the first apparatus, after a third time duration starting from the transmission of the test configuration.

20. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: select, based on a channel condition requirement, an interferer for the wake-up signal; andtransmit the wake-up signal with the selected interferer to the first apparatus based on the selection.

21. The second apparatus of claim 20, wherein the wake-up signal is transmitted with one of: no interferer, an adjacent channel interferer, or an adjacent subcarrier interferer.

22. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:transmit the downlink transmission to the first apparatus, after a fourth time duration starting from the transmission of the wake-up signal.

23. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: monitor the feedback of the downlink transmission for a fifth time duration.

24. The second apparatus of claim 23, wherein the second apparatus is caused to: record a statistical discontinuous transmission based on a determination that the feedback is not received within the fifth time duration.

25. The second apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second apparatus is caused to:determine a first test result of the first apparatus based on the number of transmissions of the wake-up signal and the number of receptions of the feedback; anddetermine a second test result of the first apparatus based on the number of statistical discontinuous transmissions and the number of receptions of the further feedback.38

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