Apparatus for conveying tubulars

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus 10 for conveying tubulars between lower and upper levels, comprising: a support frame 22; a ramp assembly 28 comprising a loading section 30 and a bridgi

Description

FIELD The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between lower and upper levels, and a method of using the apparatus. BACKGROUND Well construction operations may be performed at a wellsite by a drilling system. A drive mechanism, such as a top drive or rotary table, can be utilized to rotate and advance a drill string into a subterranean formation to drill a wellbore. The drill string may include a plurality of drill pipes coupled together with a drill bit at their end for engaging the formation. A length of the drill string may be increased by adding additional drill pipes while a depth of the wellbore is increased. A tubular handling machine may be used to convey drill pipes between a rig floor of the drilling system and a catwalk at ground level. SUMMARY An aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between a lower level and an upper level. The apparatus may comprise a ramp assembly. The apparatus may comprise a support frame. The ramp assembly may comprise a loading section and a bridging section. The loading section may be pivotally connected to the support frame via a first pivot connection. The bridging section may be pivotally connected to the loading section via a second pivot connection. The ramp assembly may be configurable between: a loading configuration in which the loading section is provided substantially horizontal at the lower level and the bridging section is inclined relative to the loading section via the second pivot connection; and a conveying configuration in which the loading section is inclined relative to the support frame via the first pivot connection and the loading section and the bridging section are aligned to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels. The apparatus may be configured for use with a drilling rig. The apparatus may be configured for delivering a tubular to or from a drill floor of a drilling rig. The tubular may comprise one or more of a drill pipe, a drill collar, casing, production tubing, etc. The drilling rig may be an onshore drilling rig. Alternatively, the apparatus may be used with an offshore drilling system. The apparatus may be or form part of a catwalk system. The apparatus may be configurable between multiple setups. The multiple setups may permit the apparatus to be used with different lengths of tubular or multiple tubulars, e.g., in a pre-assembled state. The apparatus may be configured in a basic setup for conveying a first length of tubular (e.g., a single tubular). The apparatus may be configured in one or more extended setups for conveying tubulars of greater length or multiple tubulars in a pre-assembled state. The extended setups may include a doubles setup for conveying a two tubulars assembled together. The extended setups may include a triples setup for conveying three tubulars assembled together. Where the tubular is a drill pipe, a single tubular may comprise a length of 30 feet. As such, the setup of the apparatus may be modified to accommodate pre-assembled tubulars having a combined length of 60 feet (in the doubles setup) and 90 feet (in the triples setup). The loading section of the ramp assembly may be extendable, e.g. to accommodate different lengths of tubular. The ramp assembly may comprise one or more ramp modules to permit the loading section to be varied in length, in accordance with the number of ramp modules. The ramp modules may comprise complimentary connectors configured to permit the ramp modules to be connected (e.g., pinned) together. Alternatively, the loading section may comprise a telescopic member configured to adjust a length of the loading section. The apparatus may be configurable between different setups by the addition or removal of one or more ramp modules. The ability to adapt the setup of the apparatus may provide a number of advantages, including reduced downtime when changing setup for conveying different lengths of tubular or multiple tubulars in a pre-assembled state. The support frame may also be extendable. The support frame may be formed by one or more frame modules to permit the support frame to be variable in length, in accordance with the number of frame modules. The frame modules may comprise complimentary connectors configured to permit the frame modules to be connected (e.g., pinned) together. Alternatively, the support frame may comprise a telescopic member configured to adjust a length of the support frame. The apparatus may be provided (e.g., delivered to site) comprising one or more ramp modules and / or frame modules. The apparatus may define a kit of parts. In some examples, a ramp module and a frame module may be provided together as a modular unit, e.g., for delivery on site. The apparatus may be configurable on site between the basic setup and the one or more extended setups by the addition or removal of a modular unit. The ramp assembly may comprise a surface defining a tubular receiving area. The tubular receiving area may comprise a trough for receiving at least a portion of a tubular. The trough may be formed centrally in the ramp assembly. The trough may be shaped to receive a tubular. The trough may extend between the lower and upper levels when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration. The trough may define a conveyance path. The apparatus may comprise a tubular conveyor for moving a tubular along the ramp assembly. The tubular conveyor may be configured to convey a tubular along the conveyance path. The tubular conveyor may comprise any suitable type of conveyor for conveying a tubular. The tubular conveyor may be provided on the ramp assembly. The tubular conveyor may comprise a conveyance track, e.g., including a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain, a conveyor rack, etc. The conveyance track may extend across at least a portion of the ramp assembly. The tubular conveyor may comprise a tubular driver (e.g., a skate). The tubular driver may be configured to traverse the conveyance track. The tubular driver may be configured to move between two or more ramp modules (when assembled together). The tubular driver may be configured to move across a juncture between two or more ramp modules. The tubular driver may comprise motive means for moving the tubular driver relative to the conveyance track. The motive means may be provided on-board the tubular driver. This may allow the tubular driver to move between multiple ramp modules, negating the need for a separate tubular driver to be provided for each ramp module. The one or more ramp modules may each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track when the ramp modules are assembled together. Further, the loading section and the bridging section may each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration. The loading section may be positioned in abutment with the bridging section when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration. As noted, when the apparatus is in an extended setup (comprising multiple ramp modules), the tubular driver may be configured to move between multiple ramp modules. Additionally, the tubular driver may be configured to move between the loading section and the bridging section when the ramp assembly is in the conveyance configuration, such that the tubular driver can extend to or at least near the upper lever. The tubular conveyor may be electrically powered. The tubular conveyor (e.g., the motive means) may comprise an electric motor. An electric motor (e.g., as opposed to use of hydraulics) may provide for a number of advantages, including being lighter in weight and providing improved position control of the tubular driver. This may be particularly helpful, for example, in controlling a descent of a tubular under its own weight when conveying the tubular from the upper level to the lower level, e.g., when laying down drill pipe from the drill floor. The tubular driver may comprise an engagement portion. The engagement portion may comprise a tubular locator. The tubular locator may comprise a sleeve for receiving a portion of the tubular. The tubular locator may be configured to secure a tubular relative to the tubular driver during conveyance of the tubular. The engagement portion may comprise a spring loaded plate for engaging a tubular. The engagement portion may comprise a slope portion, e.g., disposed within the trough of the ramp assembly, for guiding a tubular into the tubular locator. The tubular conveyor may comprise a guide channel. The tubular driver may comprise a guide member disposed within the guide channel. The guide channel and the guide member may cooperate to prevent the tubular driver disengaging from the conveyance track during conveyance of a tubular. The guide channel and the guide member may be configured to restrain at least one of vertical and lateral movement of the tubular driver. The guide channel may extend parallel to the conveyance path. The guide channel may be disposed adjacent (e.g., underneath) the trough. The guide member may comprise one or more wheels, tracks, slide blocks, etc.. The guide channel may be shaped to limit at least one of vertical and lateral movement of the guide member within the guide channel. The support frame may comprise any suitable frame to support the loading section and the bridging section of the ramp assembly when in the loading and conveyance configurations. The support frame may comprise a base, e.g., a horizontal base. The base may be for engaging a ground or base surface during operation of the apparatus. The support frame may comprise a bridge support section. The bridge support section may be pivotally connected to the base. The bridge support section may be detachable from the base. The bridge support section may support the bridging section when the ramp assembly is in the loading and conveyance configurations. The apparatus may be configurable into a transportation configuration. The bridging section may be pivoted about the second pivot connection to be folded against the loading section, e.g., stacked on top of the loading section. The second pivot connection may comprise a pin and slot connection. The pin and slot connection may permit rotational and translational movement of the bridging section relative to the loading section when the apparatus is configured from the loading configuration into the transportation configuration. The pin and slot connection may permit a compact arrangement of the ramp assembly in the transportation configuration. The bridge support section may be pivoted relative to the base and folded against the ramp assembly, e.g., stacked on top of the folded ramp assembly. Alternatively, the bridge support section may be detached from the base and stacked on top of the folded ramp assembly. The apparatus may be configured for loading onto a trailer in the transportation configuration. The apparatus may comprise a ramp actuator for configuring the apparatus between the loading configuration and the conveyance configuration. The ramp actuator may be pivotably connected to at least one of the loading section and the bridging section. The ramp actuator may be configured to pivot the loading section and the bridging section about the second pivot connection. The ramp actuator may comprise a linear actuator. The ramp actuator may comprise an articulating member. The articulating member may be configured to transfer a force from the linear actuator to at least one of the loading section and the bridging section. The articulating member may comprise a base segment and a lifting segment pivotably connected about a third pivot connection. The linear actuator and the articulating member may be pivotably connected to the base of the support frame about a common pivot axis. The linear actuator may comprise a telescopic member comprising a pusher arm. The pusher arm may be configured to apply a force to the lifting segment to pivot the articulating member about the third pivot connection, which in turn may pivot the ramp assembly about the second pivot connection. When the apparatus is in the transportation configuration (and the loading configuration), the ramp actuator may be positioned or housed (e.g., completely contained) within the support frame. The ramp actuator may be located underneath the folded ramp assembly. This may provide for a compact arrangement of the apparatus when in the transportation configuration, e.g., providing the apparatus sufficiently narrow for road transport. The ramp actuator may comprise an electric actuator. The electric actuator may comprise any suitable electric actuator, e.g., a lead-screw mechanism, for controlling an extension of the pusher arm. The use of an electric actuator (e.g., as compared to a hydraulic actuator) may provide for a number of advantages, such as those described herein above. The ramp actuator (e.g., the electric actuator) may be configured for manual operation, e.g., in case of electric failure. The ramp actuator (e.g., the electric actuator) may comprise one or more manual control members (e.g., levers) to permit manual operation of the ramp actuator. The ramp actuator may be movably disposed on the support frame. When the apparatus is set up in one of the extended setups (and thus comprises multiple ramp and / or frame modules), the ramp actuator may be configured to apply a force on any of the ramp modules. For example, when the apparatus is configured from the basic setup to an extended setup, the ramp actuator may be moved on the support frame to a position for engaging another one of the frame modules. Alternatively, multiple ramp actuators may be provided, e.g., one pivotably connected to each frame module, to engage each ramp module individually to provide for heavier lifting capabilities. The apparatus may comprise one or more tubular racks (also referred to as outriggers) for storing one or more tubulars and / or for loading one or more tubulars onto the ramp assembly (e.g., into the trough of the ramp assembly). The tubular racks may be disposed on one or both sides of the support frame (e.g., adjacent the base). The one or more tubular racks may be configured to load a tubular onto the ramp assembly (e.g., the loading section of the ramp assembly) when the apparatus is in the loading configuration. The support frame may comprise a transfer area for receiving a tubular from the one or more tubular racks. The transfer area may be interposed between the ramp assembly and the one or more tubular racks. The transfer area may comprise a lateral conveyor to laterally convey a tubular towards or away from the ramp assembly. The lateral conveyor may comprise an indexing mechanism configured to selectively deliver or remove a tubular from the ramp assembly. The transfer area may comprise a chain belt, chain drive, etc. The one or more tubular racks may comprise one or more jacking legs. The jacking legs may be configured to lift and / or stabilize the apparatus. The jacking legs may be configured to incline the one or more tubular racks towards the ramp assembly when loading a tubular onto the ramp assembly. The jacking legs may be configured to incline the one or more tubular racks away from the loading section when unloading a tubular from ramp assembly. The one or more jacking legs may comprise a linear actuator. The linear actuator may comprise a telescopic member comprising a pusher arm. The pusher arm may be configured to control an incline of the one or more tubular racks towards or away from the loading section of the ramp assembly. The linear actuator may comprise an electric actuator. For example, the electric actuator may comprise a lead-screw mechanism for controlling an extension of the pusher arm. The use of an electric actuator may provide a number of advantages, such as those described herein above. The one or more jacking legs (e.g., the electric actuator(s)) may be configured for manual operation, e.g., in case of electric failure. The one or more jacking legs (e.g., the electric actuator(s)) may comprise one or more manual control members (e.g., levers) to permit manual operation of the one or more jacking legs. The one or more tubular racks may be pivotally connected to the support frame (e.g., the base of the support frame) via one or more hinged connections. In particular, the one or more tubular racks may be connected to the base of the support frame via a first (upper) hinged connection and a second (lower) hinged connection. At least one of the first and second hinged connections may comprise a pin and slot connection. The pin and slot connection may assist in permitting the tubular racks to be inclined towards or away from the ramp assembly when loading or unloading a tubular from the ramp section. In the transportation configuration, the tubular racks may be pivoted about the hinged connections to be folded against the support frame so that the tubular racks are parallel with the support frame. In the loading and conveyance configurations, the tubular racks may be pivoted outwards to extend from the ramp assembly (e.g., the loading section of the ramp assembly) in a direction perpendicular to the conveyance path of the ramp assembly. The ramp modules may each comprise a common chassis, e.g., including one more truss members. The ramp modules may be relatively light in weight while keeping the ramp assembly rigid. Likewise, the frame modules may each comprise a common chassis, e.g., including one more truss members. The ramp modules may comprise varied widths and / or depths across their lengths. The ramp assembly may be tapered towards the upper level. The frame modules may comprise like connectors. When the apparatus is in one of the extended setups, the bridge support section may be selectively mounted on any one of the frame modules. Accordingly, the same bridge support section may be used with each setup of the apparatus. Alternatively, a different bridge support section may be used, e.g., to modify an inclination of the ramp assembly. When the ramp assembly is in the conveyance configuration, the ramp assembly may define an incline angle with respect to the base of the support frame. When operating in the basic setup (comprising a single ramp module), the ramp angle may be approximately 20 degrees. The relatively steep angle of the ramp assembly may provide a number of advantages, e.g., help accommodate a descent of the tubular. When the apparatus is in an extended setup (comprising multiple ramp modules), the ramp angle may be slightly less than 20 degrees, e.g., approximately 15 degrees. As noted above, the apparatus may comprise one or more electric motors and / or actuators. In this respect, the apparatus may be defined as being electric. The apparatus may be operated (e.g., exclusively operated) by one or more electric motors and / or actuators (e.g., the apparatus may not comprise any hydraulics). This may provide for improved automation and control (e.g., via use of servomotors, encoders, etc.) of the tubular, as well as minimising time lags which may be experienced in a hydraulic system. Further still, an electric system may be lighter in weight. The one or more electric motors and / or actuators may be configured for manual operation, e.g., in case of electric failure. The one or more electric motors and / or actuators may comprise one or more manual control members (e.g., levers) to permit manual operation of the apparatus. The apparatus may comprise a controller configured to control operation of the one or more electric motors and actuators. The controller may be configured for automatic and / or manual operation. The controller may be configured to operate according to a pre-programmed operation, e.g., for a loading or unloading operation. The apparatus may define a proximal end at the lower level and a distal end at the upper level. The loading section, bridging section, base and bridge support section may each define proximal and distal ends, respectively. The proximal end of the loading section may be pivotably connected to the base at the proximal end of the base (at the first pivot connection). The ramp actuator (e.g., the linear actuator and the articulating member) may be pivotably connected to the base at the distal end of the base. The ramp assembly (e.g., the bridging section) may be configured to pivot and translate relative to the bridge support section. The bridging section may be configured to rest upon and travel across an elevated surface of the bridge support section when the apparatus is configured from the loading configuration to the conveyance configuration. The elevated surface may comprise one or more rollers to support movement of the bridging section. Where the apparatus is for conveying drill pipe from a catwalk to a drill floor, the ramp assembly (e.g., the bridging section) may be configured to extend beyond an edge of the drill floor when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration. This may allow the ramp assembly to penetrate the drill floor allowing drill pipe to be delivered safely, away from the edge of the drill floor and closer to a well centre to facilitate pick up and lay down. The apparatus (e.g., the ramp assembly) may comprise a cantilevered portion extending distally of the first pivot connection. The cantilevered portion may extend distally of the distal end of the loading section for accommodating an additional tubular. The cantilevered portion may extend distally of the distal end the support frame. The cantilevered portion may define one of the ramp modules when the apparatus is in an extended setup. The cantilevered portion may be mounted (e.g., detachably mounted) to the loading section (e.g., the distal end of the location section). The cantilevered portion may be configured to rotate together with the loading section about the first pivot connection. The cantilevered portion may be disposed on an opposite side of the first pivot connection to that of the loading section The apparatus may comprise a counterweight. The counterweight may extend distally of the first pivot connection. The counterweight may be configured to rotate together with the loading section about the first pivot connection. The counterweight may be disposed on an opposite side of the first pivot connection to that of the loading section. The counterweight may extend distally of the distal end of the loading section. The counterweight may be mounted (e.g., detachably mounted) to the loading section (e.g., the distal end of the location section). The counterweight may comprise a gooseneck. The counterweight may comprise the cantilevered portion. The counterweight may reduce a force required of the ramp actuator to configure the apparatus from the loading configuration to the conveyance configuration. The ramp assembly (e.g., at least one of the bridging section and the loading section) may comprise a railing for retaining a tubular within the ramp assembly. The railing may help centre tubulars on the ramp assembly and minimise the risk of tubulars dropping, e.g., if the tubular separates from the tubular driver during conveyance between the lower and upper levels. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for conveying a tubular between a lower level and an upper level, the method comprising: providing an apparatus comprising a ramp assembly and a support frame; positioning a loading section of the ramp assembly in a substantially horizontal position on the support frame at the lower level, and positioning a bridging section of the ramp assembly at an incline extending from the loading section to the upper level; pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels; and conveying a tubular between the upper and lower levels. The method may comprise loading the tubular onto the ramp assembly (e.g., the loading section) prior to pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment. The method may comprise pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment and then conveying the tubular from the lower level to the upper lever. The method may comprise subsequently pivoting the loading section and the bridging section to provide the loading section in the substantially horizontal position at the lower level. The method may comprise repeating the above steps to convey a further tubular from the lower level to the upper level. The method may comprise loading the tubular onto the ramp assembly after pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment. The method may comprise conveying the tubular from the upper level to the lower level. The method may comprise unloading a tubular from the ramp assembly (e.g., the loading section). The method may comprise repeating these steps to convey a further tubular from the upper level to the lower level. The method may comprise modifying an operational setup of the apparatus between a basic setup for conveying a first length of tubular and one or more extended setups for conveying a greater length of tubular or multiple tubulars, e.g., in a pre-assembled state. The method may comprise extending a length of the ramp assembly, e.g., the loading section. The ramp assembly may comprise one or more ramp modules, and the method may comprise adding or removing an additional ramp module to permit the ramp assembly to be varied in length. The method may comprise moving the tubular along a conveyance path of the ramp assembly using a tubular conveyor. The tubular conveyor may comprise a conveyance track and a tubular driver (e.g., a skate). The method may comprise pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment to form a continuous conveyance track. The method may comprise traversing the tubular driver across a juncture between two frame modules. The method may comprise traversing the tubular driver across a juncture between the loading section and the bridging section. The support frame may comprise a base and a bridge support section. The method may comprise extending a length of the support frame (e.g., the base) to modify a length of the support frame. The support frame may comprise one or more frame modules, and the method may comprise adding or removing an additional frame module to permit the support frame to be varied in length. The method may comprise pivoting the loading section and the bridging section using a ramp actuator. The method may comprise moving the ramp actuator on the support frame, e.g. to engage an alternative portion of the ramp assembly. The method may comprise loading a tubular onto the ramp assembly (e.g., into a trough of the ramp assembly) via one or more tubular racks. The method may comprise inclining a surface of the one or more tubular racks towards the loading section of the ramp assembly to load a tubular onto the ramp assembly. The method may comprise inclining the surface of the one or more tubular racks away from the loading section of the ramp assembly to unload a tubular from the ramp assembly. The method may comprise configuring the apparatus into a transportation configuration. The method may comprise pivoting the bridging section about the second pivot connection to be folded against the loading section. The method may comprise stacking the bridging section on top of the loading section. The method may comprise stacking the bridge support section on top of the folded ramp assembly. The method may comprise folding the tubular racks against the support frame so that the tubular racks are parallel with the support frame. The method may comprise providing the apparatus as a kit of parts. The method may comprise assembling the kit of parts, e.g., on site. The method may comprise controlling operation of the apparatus using a controller. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for lifting a tubular from a lower level to an upper level, the method comprising: providing a loading section of a ramp assembly in a substantially horizontal position on a support frame at the lower level, and a bridging section of the ramp assembly at an incline extending from the loading section to the upper level; loading a tubular onto the ramp assembly; pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels; and conveying the tubular from the lower level to the upper level. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for lowering a tubular from an upper level to a lower level, the method comprising: providing a loading section of a ramp assembly and a bridging section of the ramp assembly in alignment to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels; loading a tubular onto the ramp assembly; conveying the tubular from the upper level to the lower level; and pivoting the loading section and the bridging section to provide the loading section in a substantially horizontal position on a support frame at the lower level, and the bridging section at an incline extending from the base to the upper level. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between a lower level and an upper level, comprising: a support frame; a ramp assembly; and a tubular conveyor for moving a tubular along the ramp assembly. The tubular conveyor may comprise any suitable type of conveyor for conveying a tubular. The tubular conveyor may be provided on the ramp assembly. The tubular conveyor may comprise a conveyance track, e.g., including a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain, a conveyor rack, etc. The conveyance track may extend across at least a portion of the ramp assembly. The apparatus may be configurable between multiple setups. The multiple setups may permit the apparatus to be used with different lengths of tubular or multiple tubulars, e.g., in a pre-assembled state. The apparatus may be configured in a basic setup for conveying a first length of tubular (e.g., a single tubular). The apparatus may be configured in one or more extended setups for conveying tubulars of greater length or multiple tubulars in a pre-assembled state. The extended setups may include a doubles setup for conveying a second length of tubular (e.g., two tubulars assembled together). The extended setups may include a triples setup for conveying a third length of tubular (e.g., three tubulars assembled together). The ramp assembly may comprise a loading section and a bridging section. The loading section may be pivotally connected to the support frame via a first pivot connection. The bridging section may be pivotally connected to the loading section via a second pivot connection. The ramp assembly may be configurable between: a loading configuration in which the loading section is provided substantially horizontal at the lower level and the bridging section is inclined relative to the loading section via the second pivot connection; and a conveying configuration in which the loading section is inclined relative to the support frame via the first pivot connection and the loading section and the bridging section are aligned to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels. The tubular conveyor may comprise a tubular driver (e.g., a skate). The tubular driver may be configured to traverse the conveyance track. The tubular driver may be configured to move between two or more ramp modules (when assembled together). The tubular driver may be configured to move across a juncture between two or more ramp modules. The tubular driver may comprise a motive means for moving the tubular driver relative to the conveyance track. The motive means may be provided on-board the tubular driver. This may allow the tubular driver to move between multiple ramp modules, negating the need for a separate tubular driver to be provided for each ramp module. The one or more ramp modules may each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track when the ramp modules are assembled together. Further, the loading section and the bridging section may each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration. The loading section may be positioned in abutment with the bridging section when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration. As noted, when the apparatus is in an extended setup (comprising multiple ramp modules), the tubular driver may be configured to move between multiple ramp modules. Additionally, the tubular driver may be configured to move between the loading section and the bridging section when the ramp assembly is in the conveyance configuration, such that the tubular driver can extend to or at least near the upper lever. The tubular conveyor may be electrically powered. The tubular conveyor (e.g., the motive means) may comprise an electric motor. An electric motor (e.g., as opposed to use of hydraulics) may provide for a number of advantages, including being lighter in weight and providing improved position control of the tubular driver. This may be particularly helpful, for example, in controlling a descent of a tubular under its own weight when conveying the tubular from the upper level to the lower level, e.g., when laying down drill pipe from the drill floor. The tubular driver may comprise an engagement portion. The engagement portion may comprise a tubular locator. The tubular locator may comprise a sleeve for receiving a portion of the tubular. The tubular locator may be configured to secure a tubular relative to the tubular driver during conveyance of the tubular. The engagement portion may comprise a spring loaded plate for engaging a tubular. The engagement portion may comprise a slope portion, e.g., disposed within the trough of the ramp assembly, for guiding a tubular into the tubular locator. The tubular conveyor may comprise a guide channel. The tubular driver may comprise a guide member disposed within the guide channel. The guide channel and the guide member may cooperate to prevent the tubular driver disengaging from the conveyance track during conveyance of a tubular. The guide channel and the guide member may be configured to restrain at least one of vertical and lateral movement of the tubular driver. The guide channel may be disposed adjacent (e.g., underneath) the trough. The guide member may comprise one or more wheels, tracks, slide blocks, etc.. The guide channel may be shaped to limit at least one of vertical and lateral movement of the guide member within the guide channel. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between a lower level and an upper level, comprising: a support frame; a ramp assembly comprising a plurality of ramp modules; and a tubular driver for moving a tubular along the ramp assembly, the tubular driver configured to traverse a juncture between at least two of the plurality of ramp modules. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between a lower level and an upper level, comprising: a support frame; a ramp assembly; and a tubular rack configured to load one or more tubulars onto or unload one or more tubulars from the ramp assembly. The one or more tubular racks may also be referred to as outriggers. The one or more tubular racks may comprise one or more jacking legs. The jacking legs may be configured to lift and / or stabilize the apparatus. The jacking legs may be configured to incline the one or more tubular racks towards the ramp assembly when loading a tubular onto the ramp assembly. The jacking legs may be configured to incline the one or more tubular racks away from the ramp assembly when unloading a tubular from ramp assembly. The one or more jacking legs may comprise a linear actuator. The linear actuator may comprise a telescopic member comprising a pusher arm. The pusher arm may be configured to control an incline of the one or more tubular racks towards or away from the ramp assembly. The linear actuator may comprise an electric actuator. For example, the electric actuator may comprise a lead-screw mechanism for controlling an extension of the pusher arm. The use of an electric actuator may provide a number of advantages, such as those described herein above. The one or more tubular racks may be pivotally connected to the support frame (e.g., a base of the support frame) via one or more hinged connections. In particular, the one or more tubular racks may be connected to the support frame via a first (upper) hinged connection and a second (lower) hinged connection. At least one of the first and second hinged connections may comprise a pin and slot connection. The pin and slot connection may assist in permitting the tubular racks to be inclined towards or away from the ramp assembly when loading or unloading a tubular from the ramp section. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between a lower level and an upper level, comprising: a support frame; and a ramp assembly. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying drill pipe from a catwalk to a drill floor, comprising: a support frame; and a ramp assembly. Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for providing an apparatus for conveying a tubular between a lower level and an upper level, the method comprising: providing an apparatus comprising a support frame and a ramp assembly to be mounted on the support frame, the ramp assembly comprising a plurality of ramp modules to permit the ramp assembly to be varied in length; and selecting a desired number of ramp modules in accordance with a desired length of ramp assembly. Where the desired number of ramp modules comprises two or more ramp modules, the method may comprise assembling the two or more ramp modules together. The method may comprise mounting the desired number of ramp modules on the support frame. The method may be performed to provide an apparatus according to any aspect described herein. The apparatus disclosed herein, or at least some components of the apparatus, may be manufactured in any suitable manner, such as using conventional manufacturing processes. Accordingly, examples described herein not only include the apparatus and associated components, but also methods of manufacturing the apparatus or associated components via conventional manufacturing processes. In some examples, the apparatus, or any individual component or groups of components may be manufactured by additive manufacturing. Such described additive manufacturing typically involves processes in which components are fabricated based on three-dimensional (3D) information, for example a three-dimensional computer model (or design file), of the component. Accordingly, examples described herein not only include the apparatus and associated components, but also methods of manufacturing the apparatus or associated components via additive manufacturing and computer software, firmware or hardware for controlling the manufacture of the apparatus and associated components via additive manufacturing. The structure of the apparatus and associated components may be represented digitally in the form of a design file. A design file, or computer aided design (CAD) file, is a configuration file that encodes one or more of the surface or volumetric configuration of the shape of the apparatus and associated components. That is, a design file represents the geometrical arrangement or shape of the apparatus and associated components. In light of the above, the present disclosure includes methods of manufacture, such as via additive manufacturing. This includes the steps of obtaining a design file representing the apparatus and associated components and instructing an additive manufacturing apparatus to manufacture the apparatus and associated components in assembled or unassembled form according to the design file. The additive manufacturing apparatus may include a processor that is configured to automatically convert the design file into computer executable instructions for controlling the manufacture of the apparatus and associated components. In these embodiments, the design file itself may automatically cause the production of the apparatus and associated components once input into the additive manufacturing device. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the design file itself may be considered computer executable instructions that cause the additive manufacturing apparatus to manufacture the apparatus and associated components. Alternatively, the design file may be converted into instructions by an external computing system, with the resulting computer executable instructions being provided to the additive manufacturing device. It will be appreciated that features described in relation to one aspect may be equally combined with any other aspect described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS These and other aspects of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 illustrates a side view of an apparatus for conveying tubulars between lower and upper levels, the apparatus being installed adjacent a drilling rig; Figure 2 illustrates a side view of the apparatus in a transportation configuration; Figure 3 illustrates a side view of the apparatus in a loading configuration; Figure 4 illustrates a side view of the apparatus in a conveyance configuration; Figure 5 is a side view of the apparatus in the loading configuration; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of region AA of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a side view of the apparatus in the transportation configuration; Figure 8 is an enlarged view of region BB of Figure 7; Figure 9 is a side view of the apparatus in the loading configuration; Figure 10 is an enlarged end view of region CC of Figure 9; Figure 11 is an enlarged side view of region CC of Figure 9; Figure 12 illustrates a top view of the apparatus; Figure 13 illustrates an end view of the apparatus; Figure 14 illustrates an enlarged view of region DD of Figure 13; Figure 15 illustrates a side view of an alternative setup of the apparatus, with the apparatus in the loading configuration; Figure 16 illustrates a side view of the apparatus of Figure 15 with the apparatus in the conveyance configuration; Figure 17 illustrates a side view of a further alternative setup of the apparatus, with the apparatus in the loading configuration; Figure 18 illustrates a side view of the apparatus of Figure 17 with the apparatus in the conveyance configuration; and Figures 19 and 20 illustrate the alternative setups of Figures 15-16 and 17-18, respectively, with the apparatus in the transportation configuration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for conveying tubulars between lower and upper levels, and methods of using the apparatus. Multiple applications may be possible and may facilitate conveyance of a tubular between lower and upper levels for any purpose. However, for the purposes of providing an exemplary application, the following description relates to an apparatus for conveying drill pipe between a rig floor of a drilling system and a catwalk. Figure 1 is a highly schematic illustration of a drilling system 12. A drill string 14 includes a plurality of drill pipes coupled together and connected at their end to a drill bit 16. A length of the drill string 14 may be increased by adding additional drill pipes as the wellbore 20 is drilled. An apparatus 10 is operated to convey drill pipes from a catwalk at a lower level to a rig floor 18 of the drilling system 12 at an upper level. However, the apparatus 10 may also be operated in reverse to convey drill pipe from the rig floor 18 to the catwalk, e.g., when breaking out drill pipe connections. Figures 2 to 4 illustrate the apparatus 10 in more detail. The apparatus 10 includes a support frame 22 having a base 24 and a bridge support section 26. The apparatus 10 includes a ramp assembly 28 having a loading section 30 and a bridging section 32. The loading section 30 is pivotally connected to the base 24 of the support frame 22 via a first pivot connection 34 and to the bridging section 32 via a second pivot connection 36. Figure 2 depicts the apparatus 10 in a transportation configuration, in which the bridge support section 26 is stacked on top of the base 24, and the loading section 30 and the bridging section 32 are folded together between the base 24 and the bridge support section 26. Referring to Figures 5 to 8, the second pivot connection 36 between the bridging section 32 and the loading section 30 comprises a pin and slot connection to permit rotational and translational movement of the bridging section 32 relative to the loading section 30. The pin and slot connection may permit the ramp assembly 28 to be folded into a more compact arrangement when the apparatus 10 is in the transportation configuration. In Figure 2, the apparatus 10 is shown loaded on a trailer of a tractor 38 for transportation. The apparatus 10 may remain on the trailer or moved off the trailer during its operation. The apparatus 10 may be equipped with a gooseneck 40 attached at a rear end of the support frame 22. The gooseneck 40 may be used for various functions, such as connecting to equipment and acting as a counterweight to assist in pivoting the ramp assembly 28. Figure 3 shows the apparatus 10 in its loading configuration, in which the loading section 30 is provided substantially horizontal and the bridging section 32 is inclined relative to the loading section 30 via the second pivot connection 36. Figure 4 depicts the apparatus 10 in its delivery configuration, in which the loading section 30 is inclined relative to the base 24 via the first pivot connection 34, and the loading section 30 and the bridging section 32 are aligned to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels. The apparatus 10 comprises a tubular conveyor 42 for moving a tubular between the upper and lower levels, and a ramp actuator 44 for pivoting the loading and bridging sections 30, 32 about the second pivot connection 36, which will be discussed in more detail below. The apparatus 10 generally defines a proximal end 46 at the lower level and a distal end 48 at the upper level. The proximal end of the loading section 30 is pivotably connected to the base 24 at the proximal end of the base 24 and the ramp actuator 42 is pivotably connected to the base 24 at the distal end of the base 24. The bridging section 32 is configured to pivot and translate relative to the bridge support section 26, with the bridging section 32 configured to rest upon and travel across an upper surface of the bridge support section 26. The upper surface may comprise one or more rollers to support movement of the bridging section 32. The bridging section 32 is configured to extend beyond an edge of the drill floor 18 when the apparatus 10 is in the conveyance configuration to allow the ramp assembly 28 to penetrate the drill floor 18, thereby allowing drill pipe to be delivered safely, away from the edge of the drill floor 18 and closer to a well centre to facilitate pick up and lay down. The ramp assembly 28 comprises an upper surface 50 defining a trough 52 (illustrated in Figure 12) for receiving a portion of a tubular. When the apparatus 10 is in the conveyance configuration, the trough 52 defines a conveyance path between a distal and proximal end of the ramp assembly 28. When the ramp assembly 28 is in the conveyance configuration, the ramp assembly 28 may be provided at an angle of approximately 20 degrees with respect to the base 24 of the support frame 22. The relatively steep angle of the ramp assembly may provide a number of advantages, e.g., helping accommodate a descent of the tubular. The bridging section 32 comprises a railing 54 to help centre tubulars on the ramp assembly 28 and minimise the risk of tubulars dropping. Referring to Figures 9 to 11, the tubular conveyor 42 comprises a conveyance track 56 and a tubular driver 58 (e.g., a skate) configured to move along the track 56. The tubular driver 58 is configured to traverse a juncture between the loading section 30 and the bridging section 32 when the ramp assembly 28 is in the conveyance configuration. To achieve this, the tubular driver 58 is provided with an on-board motive means 60 for moving the tubular driver 58 along the tracks 56, with the bridging section 32 and the loading section 30 each comprising a track portion forming a continuous track 56 when the apparatus 10 is in the conveyance configuration. The motive means 60 of the tubular conveyor 42 may comprise an electric motor. An electric motor (e.g., as opposed to use of hydraulics) may provide for a number of advantages, including being lighter in weight and providing improved position control of the tubular driver 58. This may be particularly helpful, for example, in controlling a descent of a tubular under its own weight when conveying the tubular from the upper level to the lower level, e.g., when laying down drill pipe from the drill floor. The tubular driver 58 comprises an engagement portion 62 including a spring loaded plate 64 for engaging a tubular. The engagement portion 62 comprises a tubular locator 66 including a sleeve for receiving a portion of a tubular. The tubular locator 66 secures a tubular relative to the tubular driver 58 during conveyance of the tubular. A slope portion 68 is disposed within the trough 52 for guiding a tubular into the tubular locator 66. The tubular conveyor 42 comprises a guide channel 70 disposed adjacent (e.g., underneath) the trough 52 of the ramp assembly 28, in which a guide member 72, e.g., a pair of slide members or rollers, of the tubular driver 58 is disposed and constrained vertically and laterally. The guide channel 70 and the guide member 72 cooperate to prevent the tubular driver 58 disengaging from the tracks 56 during conveyance of a tubular. Referring to Figure 4, the ramp actuator 44 is pivotably connected to the loading section 30 of the ramp assembly 28 and is configured to move the apparatus 10 between the loading configuration and conveyance configuration by pivoting the loading section 30 and the bridging section 32 about the second pivot connection 36. The ramp actuator 44 comprises a linear actuator 74 and an articulating member 76 configured to transfer a force from the linear actuator 74 to the ramp assembly 28. The articulating member 76 comprises a base segment 78 and a lifting segment 80 pivotably connected about a third pivot connection 82. The linear actuator 74 comprises a telescopic member comprising a pusher arm 84 for pivoting the articulating member 76 about the third pivot connection to apply a force to the ramp assembly 28 causing the ramp assembly 28 to pivot about the second pivot connection 36. The ramp actuator 44 includes a linear electric actuator, e.g., including a lead-screw mechanism, for controlling an extension of the pusher arm 84. The use of an electric actuator (e.g., as compared to a hydraulic actuator) may provide for a number of advantages, as discussed hereinabove. Referring to Figures 12 to 14, the apparatus 10 further comprises tubular racks 86 (which may be referred to as outriggers) for storing one or more tubulars. The tubular racks 86 are disposed either side of the support frame 22 adjacent the base 24. In the transportation configuration illustrated in Figure 2, the tubular racks 86 can be folded against the support frame 22 so that the tubular racks 86 are parallel with the support frame 22. In the loading and conveyance configurations illustrated in Figures 3, 4 and 12, the tubular racks 86 are pivoted outwards to extend from the loading section 30 of the ramp assembly 28 perpendicular to an axis of the conveyance path of the ramp assembly 28. The tubular racks 86 are connected to the base 24 of the support frame 22 via an upper hinged connection 88 and a lower hinged connection 90. The tubular racks 86 comprise jacking legs 92 to lift and stabilise the apparatus 10. The jacking legs 92 are also configured to incline the tubular racks 86 towards the loading section 30 when loading a tubular onto the ramp assembly 28 and away from the loading section 30 when unloading a tubular from ramp assembly 28. The lower hinged connection 90 comprises a pin and slot connection to permit the tubular racks 86 to be pivoted relative to the base 24 of the support frame 22 when loading or unloading a tubular from the loading section 30 of the ramp assembly 28. The base 24 of the support frame 22 comprises a transfer area 94 interposed between the trough 52 of the ramp assembly 28 and the tubular rack 86. The transfer area 94 comprises an indexing mechanism 96 to selectively permit a tubular to enter or be removed from the trough 52 of the ramp assembly 28. The jacking legs 92 comprise a linear electric actuator 98 for controlling an incline of the tubular racks 86 towards or away from the loading section 30 of the ramp assembly 28. The actuator 98 may comprise a lead-screw mechanism for controlling an extension of a pusher arm. As noted above, the apparatus 10 comprises one or more electric motors and actuators. In this respect, the apparatus may be defined as being electric. This may provide for improved automation and control (e.g., via use of servomotors, encoders, etc.) of the tubular, as well as minimising time lags which may be experienced in a hydraulic system. Further still, the apparatus 10 may be lighter in weight. In Figures 2 to 4, the apparatus 10 is illustrated in a basic setup for conveying a single length of tubular. However, the apparatus 10 may also be configured in an extended setup for conveying multiple lengths of tubulars in a pre-assembled state. As will be described below, the apparatus 10 is configurable between different setups by the addition or removal of one or more ramp modules 100 and / or frame modules 102. Referring to Figures 15 and 16, in which like features are designated by like numerals incremented by 100, the loading section 130 of the ramp assembly 128 has been extended via the addition a second ramp module 100b and a second frame module 102b to accommodate two lengths of pre-assembled tubular 14. The ramp modules 100a,b and frame modules 102a,b respectively comprise complimentary connectors to permit the ramp modules 100a,b and frame modules 102a,b to be connected (e.g., pinned) together easily. The ramp modules 100a,b each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track 86 of the loading section 130 when the ramp modules 100a,b are assembled together. The ramp modules 100a,b and the bridging section 132 are arranged in abutment with one another to provide the continuous track 86. The tubular driver 158 is configured to move between (i.e., across a juncture between) the two frame modules 100a,b and the bridging section 132. The ramp modules 100a,b each comprise a common chassis, e.g., including one more truss members, which may reduce an overall weight of the apparatus 110 while keeping the ramp assembly 128 rigid. Likewise, the frame modules 102a,b may each comprise a common chassis, e.g., including one more truss members. Alternatively, the ramp modules 100a,b may comprise varied widths and / or depths across their lengths such that the ramp assembly 130 tapers from base to top. Referring to Figures 17 and 18, in which like features are designated by like numerals incremented by 200, the apparatus 210 comprises a cantilevered portion 204 extending distally of a distal end of the support frame 222 for accommodating a third tubular 14. Alternatively, the apparatus 210 may be configured to include a third frame module (not shown). Also, the apparatus 110 (configured for accommodating two tubulars 14), may include a cantilevered portion 204 instead of the second ramp module 100b and frame module 102b. The same bridge support section may be used with each setup of the apparatus. Alternatively, a different bridge support section may be used, e.g., to modify an inclination of the ramp assembly as required. Referring to Figures 19 and 20, as with the apparatus 10, the apparatus 110, 210 are configurable into a transportation configuration, in which the bridging sections 132, 232 are folded against the loading sections 130, 230 so as to be stacked on top of the loading sections 130, 230. Further, the bridge support sections 126, 226 are pivoted relative to the bases 124, 224 to be folded against the ramp assemblies 130, 230. Alternatively, the bridge support sections 126, 226 may be detachable from the bases 124, 224 to be stacked on top of the folded ramp assembly 128, 228. The apparatus 110, 210 can be loaded onto a trailer of a tractor 138, 238 when in the transportation configuration. In Figure 20, the cantilevered portion 204 may be pivoted or detached from the base 224 to be stacked on top of loading section 230 the ramp assembly 228. The apparatus described herein may be provided (e.g., delivered to site) comprising one or more ramp modules and / or frame modules. Accordingly, the apparatus may be provided as a kit of parts. The apparatus may comprise one or more modular units, each including a ramp module and a frame module. The apparatus may be configurable on site between a basic setup and an extended setup by the addition or removal of one or more modular units. The ability to adapt the setup of the apparatus on site may provide for a number of advantages, including reduced downtime when changing setup for conveying different lengths of tubular.

Claims

1. An apparatus for conveying tubulars between a lower level and an upper level, comprising:a support frame;a ramp assembly comprising a loading section and a bridging section, the loading section being pivotally connected to the support frame via a first pivot connection and the bridging section being pivotally connected to the loading section via a second pivot connection;the ramp assembly being configurable between:a loading configuration in which the loading section is provided substantially horizontal at the lower level and the bridging section is inclined relative to the loading section via the second pivot connection; anda conveying configuration in which the loading section is inclined relative to the support frame via the first pivot connection and the loading section and the bridging section are aligned to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the loading section of the ramp assembly is extendable.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the ramp assembly comprises one or more ramp modules to permit the loading section to be varied in length.

4. The apparatus of any preceding claim, comprising a tubular conveyor for moving a tubular along the ramp assembly.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the tubular conveyor comprises a conveyance track and a tubular driver configured to traverse the conveyance track.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the tubular driver is configured to move between at least two of the one or more ramp modules.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 or 6, wherein the one or more ramp modules each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track when two or more ramp modules are assembled together.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the tubular driver is configured to move between the loading section and the bridging section.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the loading section and the bridging section each comprise a track portion forming a continuous track when the apparatus is in the conveyance configuration.

10. The apparatus of any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the tubular driver comprises a motive means for moving the tubular driver relative to the conveyance track, wherein the motive means is provided on-board the tubular driver.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the motive means comprises an electric motor.

12. The apparatus of any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the tubular driver comprises a tubular locator configured to secure a tubular relative to the tubular driver during conveyance of the tubular.

13. The apparatus of any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein the tubular driver comprises a guide member disposed within a guide channel, the guide member and the guide channel configured to cooperate to prevent the tubular driver disengaging from the conveyance track during conveyance of a tubular.

14. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the support frame comprises a base and a bridge support section.

15. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus is configurable in a transportation configuration, wherein the bridging section is pivoted about the second pivot connection to be folded against the loading section.

16. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the second pivot connection between the bridging section and the loading section comprises a pin and slot connection.

17. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus comprises a ramp actuator for configuring the ramp assembly between the loading configuration and the conveyance configuration.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the ramp actuator is movably disposed on the support frame.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 or 18, wherein the ramp actuator comprises a linear actuator and an articulating member, the articulating member configured to transfer a force from the linear actuator to at least one of the loading section and the bridging section.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the linear actuator comprises a linear electric actuator.

21. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus comprises one or more tubular racks configured to load or unload a tubular from the ramp assembly.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the one or more tubular racks comprise one or more jacking legs configured to incline the tubular racks towards or away from the ramp assembly for loading or unloading a tubular.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the one or more jacking legs comprise a linear electric actuator.

24. The apparatus of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the one or more tubular racks are pivotally connected to the support frame via a first hinged connection and a second hinged connection, at least one of the first and second hinged connections comprising a pin and slot connection.

25. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus is operated exclusively by one or more electric motors and / or actuators.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the one or more electric motors and / or actuators are configured for manual operation.

27. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus comprises a counterweight disposed on an opposite side of the first pivot connection to that of the loading section and configured to rotate with the loading section.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the counterweight comprises a gooseneck mounted to the loading section or a cantilevered portion mounted to the loading section.

29. A method for conveying a tubular between a lower level and an upper level, the method comprising:providing an apparatus comprising a ramp assembly and a support frame;positioning a loading section of the ramp assembly in a substantially horizontal position on the support frame at the lower level, and positioning a bridging section of the ramp assembly at an incline extending from the loading section to the upper level;pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment to provide a continuous ramp surface extending between the lower and upper levels; andconveying a tubular between the upper and lower levels.

30. The method of claim 29, comprising loading the tubular onto the ramp assembly prior to pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment, and conveying the tubular from the lower level to the upper lever.

31. The method of claim 29, comprising loading the tubular onto the ramp assembly after pivoting the loading section and the bridging section into alignment, and conveying the tubular from the upper level to the lower level.

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