Joint parts, long beams, long large-section structural materials, frames and structures

Abstract

To enable cost reduction of a large span gutter.SOLUTION: A joint metal fitting 20 includes: a rectangular flat plate portion 21 having a pin hole 24 into which a pin 34 for fixing to a pair of beams 10 made of long wood of 4 m or more and 6 m or less, respectively, is inserted; and a long flat plate-shaped flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicularly to the flat plate portion 21 at a lower end of the flat plate portion 21 and having a screw hole 26 through which a screw 36 for fixing to the pair of beam members 10 is inserted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to connecting hardware for joining beam members that form large-span framing grooves in medium- and large-scale wooden buildings, as well as long beam members and long, large-section structural members joined by such connecting hardware. In particular, it relates to connecting hardware, long beam members, and long, large-section structural members that enable cost reduction of large-span framing grooves. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, although artificial forests planted in Japan after the war are now suitable for use as timber, the decline and stagnation of the forestry industry have resulted in insufficient maintenance of these artificial forests. As a result, efforts are being made to actively promote the use of timber, and with the recent enactment of the Law for the Promotion of the Use of Timber in Buildings and Other Structures, there is a growing need to construct medium- and large-scale buildings that were previously built with steel or concrete using wood.

[0003] However, for medium- and large-scale buildings, considering fire resistance, strength, and structural integrity, the cost of wooden construction is inevitably higher than that of steel-frame (S-structure) or concrete (RC-structure) buildings. This high cost is a major obstacle to the widespread adoption of medium- and large-scale wooden construction. Therefore, there is a strong desire to realize low-cost medium- and large-scale wooden construction.

[0004] In other words, in medium- and large-scale buildings, depending on their use, size, and location, they are often required to be semi-fire-resistant buildings, or there is an increasing number of cases where they are planned as voluntary semi-fire-resistant buildings. For example, in the case of wooden buildings such as houses, gypsum board is often used as a fire-resistant covering for the wood. However, when using gypsum board, the wood is not visible from the outside, so the aesthetic appeal of the wood is inferior. Therefore, in order to bring out the aesthetic appeal and texture of the wood, it is conceivable to apply decorative materials or panels to the gypsum board, but this increases the cost. In addition, in medium- and large-scale buildings with large spans and large spaces, internal scaffolding is required for the installation of gypsum board, which also increases construction costs. On the other hand, while burn-through designs that allow exposed timber can preserve the aesthetic appeal of wood, applying them to medium- and large-scale buildings with large spans and open spaces presents a problem. Combined with the large dead and live loads that these buildings experience, ensuring strength and structural integrity necessitates the use of custom-made large-section members with a short-side dimension of 20 cm or more, resulting in high timber costs. Furthermore, using such custom-made large-section members requires the fabrication of custom-made metal fittings to connect them, such as for truss structures that span large distances, further increasing material costs.

[0005] Here, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, truss structures have traditionally been adopted for the construction of large-span structures due to their structural stability. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2007-085061 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] However, such truss beams have a large number of assembly parts, resulting in high production costs. Furthermore, the complex structure of their joints makes assembly and construction time-consuming and costly, making cost reduction difficult.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide connecting hardware that enables cost reduction of large-span framing channels in medium- and large-scale wooden buildings, as well as long beams and long, large-section structural materials using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The joining hardware of the invention of claim 1 comprises a rectangular flat plate portion having a pinhole through which a pin is inserted, and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion and having a screw / thread hole through which a screw or bolt is inserted. The joining hardware is inserted into one end in the longitudinal direction of each of a pair of beam members made of wood with a length of 4 m or more and 6 m or less, and the flat plate portion is fixed to the pair of beam members by the pin, and the flange portion is fixed to the pair of beam members by the screw or bolt, thereby joining the pair of beam members together.

[0010] The flat plate portion described above is formed from a steel plate or the like, which is roughly rectangular in shape, and has multiple pin holes through which pins are inserted to fix it to a pair of beam members. Furthermore, the flange portion is formed entirely from a steel plate or the like that is roughly rectangular in shape, and is joined to the lower end of the flat plate portion perpendicular to the flat plate portion, i.e., in a roughly inverted T shape when viewed from the side. Multiple screw holes are provided through the thickness, through which screws or bolts for fixing it to a pair of beam members are inserted. Preferably, it is longer than the lateral length of the flat plate portion and is formed in a roughly inverted T shape relative to the flat plate portion when viewed from the front. The flat plate portion is inserted into the interior of one end of each of the pair of beam members joined in the longitudinal direction, and is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pair of beam members. The elongated flange portion, which is joined to the flat plate portion in a roughly inverted T-shape when viewed from the side, has its longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the beam members and is arranged on the underside of the pair of beam members that form the frame.

[0011] Here, the beam material mentioned above is timber with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, which corresponds to the length of so-called standardized timber or commonly available timber. Therefore, the numerical value is not strict and includes product-specific errors, and does not negate the intervention of errors. The type of timber is not particularly specified; for example, it may be coniferous trees such as cedar, cypress, pine, hemlock, and fir, or hardwoods such as oak, chestnut, beech, and zelkova. Generally, for cost reasons, structural laminated timber or structural veneer laminated timber (SLVL) is used, with a short side (beam width) of 7.5cm or more and a long side (beam depth) of 15cm or more, and large cross-section material (short side of 15cm or more, cross-sectional area of ​​300cm²) 2 A medium-section member other than those mentioned above may be selected; for example, lumber with a cross-section of 120 mm x 450 mm can be used. Alternatively, sawn lumber may be used, in which case pieces with a long side of 390 mm or less are typically used. Generally, for load balance purposes, each piece of lumber in the pair of beams mentioned above is used to be approximately the same length, but pieces of different lengths may also be used to join together.

[0012] The flat plate portion of the joining hardware according to claim 2 has an opening on its central side that is larger than the pin hole and screw / thread hole and penetrates through the thickness, thereby reducing weight. The above-mentioned opening may be rectangular or circular in shape, but is usually formed in a rectangular shape for ease of processing. Furthermore, the opening may be a single opening in the center, or multiple openings may be formed symmetrically in 2 to 4 locations.

[0013] The long beam material of the invention of claim 3 comprises a connecting hardware consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion having a plurality of pin holes penetrating its thickness and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion and having a plurality of screw / thread holes penetrating its thickness, and a pair of beam materials each having a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, with an insertion groove at one end of the wood in the longitudinal direction into which the connecting hardware is inserted, and having a plurality of wooden holes penetrating in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wood and corresponding to the plurality of pin holes of the connecting hardware, and the plurality of pin holes of the connecting hardware and the plurality of wooden holes of the pair of beam materials The joint fitting comprises a plurality of pins that are inserted and fix the flat plate portion of the joint fitting and the pair of beam members, and a plurality of screws that are inserted into the plurality of screw holes of the joint fitting and fix the flange portion of the joint fitting and the pair of beam members, wherein the joint fitting is inserted into the insertion groove formed on one end side in the longitudinal direction of each beam member, the flat plate portion of the joint fitting and the pair of beam members are fixed by the plurality of pins, and the flange portion of the joint fitting and the pair of beam members are fixed by the plurality of screws, thereby joining the pair of beam members together in their longitudinal direction.

[0014] The flat portion of the above-mentioned connecting hardware is formed entirely from a roughly rectangular steel plate or the like, and has multiple pin holes through which pins are inserted to fix it to a pair of beam members. Furthermore, the flange portion of the above-mentioned connecting hardware is formed entirely from a steel plate or the like that is roughly elongated rectangular in shape, and is joined to the lower end of the flat plate portion perpendicular to the flat plate portion, i.e., in a roughly inverted T shape when viewed from the side. Multiple screw holes are provided through the thickness, through which screws or bolts for fixing it to a pair of beam members are inserted. Preferably, it is longer than the lateral length of the flat plate portion and is formed in a roughly inverted T shape relative to the flat plate portion when viewed from the front. The flat plate portion is inserted into the interior of one end of each of the pair of beam members joined in the longitudinal direction, and is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pair of beam members. The elongated flange portion, which is joined to the flat plate portion in a roughly inverted T-shape when viewed from the side, has its longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the beam members and is arranged on the underside of the pair of beam members that form the frame.

[0015] Here, the beam material mentioned above is timber with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, which corresponds to the length of so-called standardized, commonly available timber. Therefore, the numerical value is not strict and includes product-specific errors, and does not negate the intervention of errors. The type of timber is not particularly specified; for example, it may be coniferous trees such as cedar, cypress, pine, hemlock, and fir, or hardwoods such as oak, chestnut, beech, and zelkova. Generally, for cost reasons, structural laminated timber or structural veneer laminated timber (SLVL) is used, with a short side (beam width) of 7.5cm or more and a long side (beam depth) of 15cm or more, and large cross-section material (short side of 15cm or more, cross-sectional area of ​​300cm²) 2 A medium-section member other than those mentioned above may be selected; for example, lumber with a cross-section of 120 mm x 450 mm can be used. Alternatively, sawn lumber may be used, in which case pieces with a long side of 390 mm or less are typically used. Generally, for load balance purposes, each piece of lumber in the pair of beams mentioned above is used to be approximately the same length, but pieces of different lengths may also be used to join together.

[0016] The beam material of the long beam material of the invention of claim 4 is made of laminated timber. The above-mentioned laminated timber is made by laminating and bonding together sawn boards (laminas) cut from logs using a band saw or similar tool, either lengthwise or widthwise. Structural laminated timber is typically used.

[0017] The long, large-section structural member of the invention of claim 5 comprises two connecting hardware pieces, each consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion having a plurality of pinholes penetrating its thickness and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion and having a plurality of screw / thread holes penetrating its thickness; two pairs of beam members, each made of wood with lengths of 4m or more and 6m or less, each having an insertion groove at one end in the longitudinal direction of the wood into which the connecting hardware is inserted, and having a plurality of wooden holes penetrating in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wood and corresponding to the plurality of pinholes of the connecting hardware; and a plurality of pins inserted into the plurality of pinholes of the connecting hardware and the plurality of wooden holes of the pair of beam members to fix the flat plate portion of the connecting hardware and the pair of beam members. The joint fitting comprises a plurality of screws or bolts inserted through the plurality of screw holes of the joint fitting to fix the flange portion of the joint fitting and the pair of beam members, and a plurality of connectors such as screws or bolts that connect the two pairs of beam members, which are joined to the length of the wood via the joint fitting, by embracing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the length of the wood, and the joint fitting inserted into the insertion groove of the pair of beam members is fixed with the plurality of pins and the plurality of screws to join the pair of beam members to the length of the wood to form a single long beam member, and the two long beam members are embracing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the length of the wood and joined together with the connectors.

[0018] The flat portion of the above-mentioned connecting hardware is formed entirely from a roughly rectangular steel plate or the like, and has multiple pin holes through which pins are inserted to fix it to a pair of beam members. Furthermore, the flange portion of the above-mentioned connecting hardware is formed entirely from a steel plate or the like that is roughly elongated rectangular in shape, and is joined to the lower end of the flat plate portion perpendicular to the flat plate portion, i.e., in a roughly inverted T shape when viewed from the side. Multiple screw holes are provided through the thickness, through which screws or bolts for fixing it to a pair of beam members are inserted. Preferably, it is longer than the lateral length of the flat plate portion and is formed in a roughly inverted T shape relative to the flat plate portion when viewed from the front. And the flat plate portion is inserted into the interior on one end side in the longitudinal direction of each of the pair of beam members that are connected in the longitudinal direction, and is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pair of beam members. Also, the long flange portion joined to the flat plate portion in a substantially inverted T shape in side view has its longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the beam members, and is arranged below the pair of beam members that form the structure.

[0019] Here, the above-mentioned beam members are made of wood with a length of 4 m or more and 6 m or less, which corresponds to the length of so-called standardized general circulation materials. Therefore, the numerical value is not strict and includes errors for each product, and does not deny the intervention of errors. The type of wood is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a coniferous tree such as cedar, cypress, pine, hemlock, or fir, or it may be a broad-leaved tree such as oak, chestnut, poplar, beech, or zelkova. Generally, from the perspective of cost, structural laminated lumber or structural single-layer veneer lumber (SLVL) is used, with a short side (beam width) of 7.5 cm or more and a long side (beam length) of 15 cm or more, and an intermediate cross-section material other than large cross-section materials (short side of 15 cm or more and cross-sectional area of 300 cm 2 or more) is selected. For example, wood with a cross-section of 120 mm × 450 mm can be used. Alternatively, sawn timber may be used. In that case, those with a long side of usually 390 mm or less are used. And usually, from the perspective of load balance, each piece of wood of the pair of beam members is preferably of substantially the same length, but it may also be used for joining woods of different lengths.

[0020] Also, the above-mentioned joining tool may be any tool that can join two pairs of beam members (long beam members) joined through a joining metal object by holding them together in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wood, for example, screws or bolts, etc. are used, and they are inserted through the width direction with respect to the longitudinal direction of the wood at a plurality of locations to fix two pairs of beam members to each other. The joining of the long beam members is such that they are held together in the width direction (the short side direction in terms of the cross-section) perpendicular to the length direction of the beam members. Usually, from the perspective of load balance, each piece of wood of a pair of beam members is of substantially the same length, and for a pair of long beam members that are width-joined to each other, each is of the same length. As a result, for the pair of long beam members that are width-joined, the positions of the joints of each pair of beam members that make them up coincide with each other, that is, they are joined in parallel.

[0021] The beam members of the long large cross-section structural material according to the invention of claim 6 are made of glued laminated timber. The above-mentioned glued laminated timber is made by longitudinally joining or width-splicing veneers (laminas) cut from round logs of raw wood with a band saw or the like and then laminating and bonding them. Usually, structural glued laminated timber is used.

[0022] The long large cross-section structural material according to the invention of claim 7 further has a wooden panel that covers the periphery of the joint through the joining metal between the two pairs of a pair of beam members. As the above-mentioned wooden panel, any that can reinforce and stiffen the joints between each pair of beam members and has a wooden design property is acceptable. For example, structural plywood, structural panels, Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF), Particleboard (PB), Cross Laminated Timber (CLT), etc. that are used as structural facing materials are used. The wooden panel preferably covers three surfaces, namely, the lower surface of the joint and both side surfaces perpendicular to it.

[0023] The wooden panel of the long large cross-section structural material according to the invention of claim 8 is made of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT). Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a wood material with a laminated structure of three or more layers, in which sawn timber (laminae) is laid out in the width direction with the grain direction approximately parallel to each other and then bonded together, and then these layers are further laminated with the grain directions approximately perpendicular to each other. Typically, 3-ply or 3-layer 4-ply constructions are used to balance lightness with reinforcement and stiffness, but more layers are also possible. [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] According to the joining hardware of claim 1, the hardware consists of a rectangular flat plate portion having pin holes and a long, flat flange portion formed integrally perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion and having screw holes. Therefore, the flat plate portion can be inserted into one end of each of the pair of beam members to be connected in the longitudinal direction and fixed to the pair of beam members with pins, and the flange portion can be fixed to the pair of beam members with screws or bolts, thereby joining the pair of beam members together in the longitudinal direction of the wood.

[0025] In particular, according to the connecting hardware of the invention of claim 1, a flat flange portion is provided perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion, forming an inverted T-shape in side view. On the lower side of a pair of beam members, that is, on the side that becomes the tension side when a vertical load such as a live load is applied to the pair of beam members, a horizontally elongated flat flange portion is provided that extends in a direction approximately perpendicular to the vertical direction and is wider than the thickness and lateral length of the flat plate portion, that is, wider than the cross-section of the flat plate portion. As a result, the bearing capacity and strength against vertical loads can be increased, and the moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be increased. Therefore, even when connecting beam members with a length of 4m to 6m, deflection can be reduced, and it becomes possible to span long distances by connecting beam members of 4m to 6m that can be obtained at low cost. Thus, it becomes possible to form large spans in medium and large-scale wooden buildings at low cost.

[0026] According to the joining hardware of claim 2, since the flat plate portion has an opening on its central side, in addition to the effects described in claim 1, it is possible to reduce weight and cost.

[0027] According to the long beam material of the invention of claim 3, a connecting fitting is inserted into an insertion groove provided at one end of a pair of beam materials, each made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, in the longitudinal direction of the wood. The fitting consists of a rectangular flat plate portion and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion. Pins are inserted into pin holes provided in the flat plate portion of the connecting fitting and wood holes provided in the pair of beam materials to fix the flat plate portion of the connecting fitting and the pair of beam materials. Screws or bolts are inserted into screw / thread holes provided in the flange portion of the connecting fitting to fix the flange portion of the connecting fitting and the pair of beam materials, thereby joining the pair of beam materials to each other at one end in the longitudinal direction.

[0028] Thus, in a system where a pair of beam members are joined along their length by inserting a connecting fitting consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion into a pair of beam members and joining the connecting fitting to the pair of beam members with pins and screws, the connecting fitting that joins the pair of beam members is formed in an inverted T shape in side view by providing a flange portion perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion. On the lower side of the pair of beam members that are joined together, that is, on the side that will be under tension when the pair of beam members are subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, a horizontally elongated flat flange portion is provided that extends in a direction approximately perpendicular to the vertical direction and is wider than the thickness and lateral length of the flat plate portion, that is, wider than the cross-section of the flat plate portion. As a result, the bearing capacity and strength against vertical loads can be increased, and the moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be increased. Therefore, even when joining beams of 4m to 6m in length, deflection can be minimized, making it possible to span long distances using inexpensive 4m to 6m beams. Consequently, it enables the creation of large-span framing channels in medium- and large-scale wooden buildings at low cost.

[0029] According to the long beam material of the invention of claim 4, since the beam material is laminated timber, in addition to the effects described in claim 3, the material cost is low.

[0030] According to the long, large-section structural member of the invention of claim 5, a pair of beam members, each made of wood with a length of 4 m or more and 6 m or less, have an insertion groove provided at one end of the wood in the longitudinal direction of the beam members. A connecting fitting, consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion, is inserted into this groove. Pins are inserted into pin holes provided in the flat plate portion of the connecting fitting and wood holes provided in the pair of beam members to fix the flat plate portion of the connecting fitting and the pair of beam members. Screws or bolts are inserted into screw / thread holes provided in the flange portion of the connecting fitting to fix the flange portion of the connecting fitting and the pair of beam members, thereby joining the beam members together at one end in the longitudinal direction to form a long beam member. Two of these long beam members are then joined together in pairs, with the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wood, and connected with fasteners such as screws or bolts.

[0031] Thus, in a system where a pair of beam members are joined along their length by inserting a connecting fitting consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion and a long flange portion integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion into a pair of beam members and joining the connecting fitting to the pair of beam members with pins and screws, the connecting fitting that joins the pair of beam members is formed in an inverted T shape in side view by providing a flange portion perpendicular to the flat plate portion at the lower end of the flat plate portion. On the lower side of the pair of beam members that are joined together, that is, on the side that will be under tension when the pair of beam members are subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, a horizontally elongated flat flange portion is provided that extends in a direction approximately perpendicular to the vertical direction and is wider than the thickness and lateral length of the flat plate portion, that is, wider than the cross-section of the flat plate portion. As a result, the bearing capacity and strength against vertical loads can be increased, and the moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be increased.

[0032] Furthermore, according to the long, large-section structural member of the invention of claim 5, two long beam members, each made of timber with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, joined together using connecting hardware in the longitudinal direction, are placed facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the timber, and are connected and fixed with screws or bolts, etc., thereby constructing a large section by joining together small and medium-length beam members of 4m to 6m in length, which can be obtained at low cost.

[0033] Therefore, since it is possible to span lengths equivalent to the length of joining a pair of small or medium-sized beams of 4m to 6m, which are readily available at low cost, it enables the formation of large-span framing channels in medium to large-scale wooden buildings at a low cost. In particular, in the small and medium sections, beam members with lengths of 4m or more and 6m or less are joined together in the width direction relative to the length direction to form a large cross-section. Therefore, even when burning occurs, the damage to each beam member is limited to three surfaces, excluding the joint surfaces (opposing surfaces) between the long beam members. Furthermore, thermal resistance is generated between the joints where each beam member faces the other, which slows down combustion and suppresses the reduction in strength due to heat. Thus, fire resistance can be improved.

[0034] According to the long, large-section structural member of the invention of claim 6, since the beam is made of glued laminated timber, in addition to the effects described in claim 5, the material cost is also reduced.

[0035] According to the long, large-section structural member of the invention of claim 7, since it further comprises a wooden panel that covers the periphery of the joint between each pair of beam members, in addition to the effects described in claim 5 or claim 6, the joint between the pair of beam members is reinforced and stiffened, fire resistance is improved, and furthermore, since the panel is made of wood, aesthetic appeal is also ensured.

[0036] According to the long, large-section structural material of the invention of claim 8, since the wood panel is made of cross-laminated timber (CLT), both lightness and strength are achieved, and in addition to the effects described in claim 7, greater stability with less deflection is obtained even when spanning large spans. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0037] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of a connecting hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2(a) is a front view of the connecting hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2(b) is a side view of the connecting hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2(c) is a top view of the connecting hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the beam member on the joining side, illustrating the beam member being joined by the joining hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration of joining a pair of beam members using a connecting hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the state of joining a pair of beam members using a connecting hardware according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] Figure 6(a) is a front view of the main part of a long beam formed by joining a pair of beam members using a connecting fitting according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6(b) is a bottom view of the main part of a long beam formed by joining a pair of beam members using a connecting fitting according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 6(c) is a cross-sectional view AA of Figure 6(a). [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the joint between each pair of long beam members in a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] Figure 9(a) is a front view of the main part of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 9(b) is a bottom view of the main part of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 9(c) is a cross-sectional view AA of Figure 9(a). [Figure 10] Figure 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a wooden panel attached around the joint of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11]Figure 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration in which a timber panel is attached around the joint of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] Figure 12(a) is a front view of the main part of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a timber panel attached. Figure 12(b) is a bottom view of the main part of a long, large-section structural member formed by joining a pair of long beam members according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a timber panel attached. Figure 12(c) is a cross-sectional view of BB of Figure 12(a). [Figure 13] Figure 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the use of a long, large-section structural member according to an embodiment of the present invention as a rafter. [Figure 14] Figure 14(a) is a schematic diagram illustrating the experimental method for evaluating the load-bearing capacity under a downward load, and Figure 14(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating the experimental method for evaluating the load-bearing capacity under an upward load. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0038] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Since identical symbols and reference numerals represent the same or corresponding functional parts in the embodiments, redundant detailed explanations are omitted here.

[0039] As shown in Figure 13, in this embodiment, a pair of beam members 10 made of standardized timber are joined together in the longitudinal direction by connecting hardware 20 to form a long beam member 100, and further, a pair of long beam members 100 are joined together in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam members 10 to form a long, large-section structural member 200, and by using the long, large-section structural member 200 to span large distances, a frame F for a medium- to large-scale wooden building is formed. In other words, the long, large-section structural member 200 according to this embodiment, as shown in Figure 13, is used as a rafter 2 or ridge beam in wooden buildings that make up medium- and large-scale buildings such as factories, gymnasiums, and public facilities, forming a large-span frame F.

[0040] First, the connecting hardware 20 used to join beam members 10, which are made of standardized timber or commonly available timber, will be explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2. The joining hardware 20 of this embodiment preferably consists of a substantially rectangular flat plate portion 21 made of a metal plate such as a steel plate with a thickness of 6 to 12 mm, more preferably 8 to 10 mm, and a substantially rectangular (long) flange portion 22 made of a metal plate such as a steel plate with a thickness of 5 to 12 mm, more preferably 5 to 11 mm, which is integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end of the long side of the flat plate portion 21. The flat plate portion 21 and the flange portion 22 formed perpendicular to it form a substantially inverted T shape when viewed from the side and from the front.

[0041] The flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 in this embodiment is made lighter by forming a substantially rectangular opening 23 in its center, and has circular pin holes 24 in the U-shaped portion surrounding the opening 23 through which pins 34 such as drift pins for fixing to the beam member 10 are inserted. Multiple pin holes 24 are formed at predetermined intervals. Furthermore, the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 also has circular screw holes 26 through which screws 36 for fixing it to the beam member 10 are inserted. These screw holes 26 are also formed at multiple locations at predetermined intervals.

[0042] The positions and numbers of the pin holes 24 and screw holes 26 were determined through diligent experimental research. This involved creating multiple connecting hardware 20 with different positions and numbers of pin holes 24 and screw holes 26, then using these to create long, large-section structural members 200 covered with panels 50A, 50B, and 50C (described later), and measuring the amount of deflection when a load was applied to the joints of each long, large-section structural member 200 to determine the breaking load. In addition, rotational stiffness, moment (maximum moment, yield moment, short-term reference moment, etc.) were determined, and the allowable stress was calculated. This research determined the connection relationship between the connecting hardware 20 and the beam member 10 that ensures the required load-bearing capacity, i.e., the positions and numbers of the pins 34 and screws 36 that fix the connecting hardware 20 and the beam member 10. Therefore, these are set appropriately according to the type, material, strength, length, etc. of the beam member 10 to be joined.

[0043] For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, pin holes 24 are formed in a symmetrical manner, with 3 to 4 vertical rows on each side. More specifically, the number of vertical pin holes 24 is greatest at both ends in the horizontal direction, and decreases towards the center, preferably forming a total of 20 to 30 pin holes 24, more preferably 22 to 28 pin holes 24. This reduces the load on the joint surfaces of the beam members 10, making it possible to prevent cracking due to concentrated loads. Furthermore, in the joining structure of this embodiment, in which a pair of beam members 10 are joined together using the joining hardware 20, the lower side becomes the tensile side where the load due to the vertical load is greater, while the stress burden inside the wood is less. Therefore, in this embodiment, the joining hardware 20 is fixed to the beam member 10 with the flange portion 22 side facing downwards, and in the flat plate portion 21, the number of pin holes 24 through which the pins 34 are inserted is increased on the lower side than on the upper side to increase the number of fixing points with the wood. In addition, as described above, an opening 23 is provided in the central part of the flat plate portion 21, which corresponds to the inside of the wood where the stress burden is less, to reduce weight.

[0044] Furthermore, since the insertion direction of the screw 36 inserted into the screw hole 26 of the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 is approximately perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin 34 inserted into the pin hole 24 of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20, the position of the screw hole 26 of the flange portion 22 is set at a position where the pin 34 inserted into the pin hole 24 of the flat plate portion 21 and the screw 36 inserted into the screw hole 26 do not come into contact, that is, at a position where they do not interfere with each other. For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the screw holes 26 are arranged symmetrically on both sides, and symmetrically with respect to the connection point with the flat plate portion 21 as the center line, with 3 to 5 vertical rows on each side, and 2 rows of 2 screw holes 26 in total. More specifically, 2 screw holes 26 are arranged in one row on each end of the flange portion 22 in the longitudinal direction, and 2 to 4 vertical rows of 2 screw holes 26 are arranged between them, forming a total of 10 to 22 screw holes 26, preferably 12 to 20 in total.

[0045] Furthermore, the pin holes 24 that penetrate the thickness of the flat plate portion 21 are formed to be 0.8 to 2 mm, preferably 0.8 mm to 1 mm, larger than the diameter of the pin 34, making it easier to insert the pin 34. Similarly, the screw holes 26 that penetrate the thickness of the flange portion 22 are also formed to be 0.8 to 2 mm, preferably 0.8 mm to 1 mm, larger than the diameter of the screw 36, making it easier to insert the screw 36. In this type of pin 34 and screw 36 joining, they are attached by hammering or driving them in, which allows for a more rigid joint with less looseness compared to bolted joints.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each is 4 to 6 m long, with a cross-sectional dimension of a short side of 7.5 cm or more and a long side of 15 cm or more, and is a large cross-sectional material (short side of 15 cm or more, cross-sectional area of ​​300 cm²) 2 The flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20, which joins beam members 10 made of medium-section timber other than those mentioned above, has a horizontal dimension of, for example, 500 to 900 mm, preferably 550 to 800 mm, and a vertical dimension (height dimension) of, for example, 360 to 450 mm, preferably 380 to 420 mm. The flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 has a length dimension that is longer than the horizontal dimension of the flat plate portion 21, within the range of 550 to 950 mm, preferably 600 to 800 mm, and a width dimension of, for example, 35 to 50 mm, preferably 38 to 45 mm, which is 30 to 45 mm greater than the thickness of the flat plate 21, and has a width of 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the width of the beam member 10, preferably about 1 / 3. Within the above range, the desired rigidity can be obtained. In this embodiment, the lateral dimension of the flange portion 22 is made larger than the lateral dimension of the flat plate portion 21. However, when implementing the present invention, the lateral dimension of the flange portion 22 may be the same as the lateral dimension of the flat plate portion 21. However, according to the inventors' experimental research, by making the length of the flange portion 22 larger than the lateral dimension of the flat plate portion 21, it is possible to increase the rotational resistance and rotational moment when a vertical load is applied to the joint of the long beam member 100, which will be described later. Furthermore, the dimensions of the opening 23 are, for example, a horizontal dimension of 420 to 520 mm, preferably 460 to 490 mm, which is about 55% to 65% of the horizontal dimension of the connecting hardware 20, preferably about 60%, and a vertical dimension of 180 to 230 mm, preferably 200 to 220 mm, which is about 45% to 60% of the vertical dimension of the connecting hardware 20, preferably about 50%.

[0047] The connecting hardware 20 of this embodiment, which consists of a long flange portion 22 and a rectangular flat plate portion 21 erected vertically on its upper surface, is made of steel, and its weight is, for example, in the range of 5 to 50 kg, preferably 10 to 20 kg. However, when implementing the present invention, the material of the connecting hardware is not limited to steel, and other metals, such as tugtile cast iron, may be used.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the flat plate portion 21 and flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 are formed by arranging the steel plate constituting the flange portion 22 perpendicularly to the steel plate constituting the flat plate portion 21 and welding them together to form a single unit. In this case, the steel plate constituting the flange portion 22 may be provided with a hole into which the steel plate constituting the flat plate portion 21 is fitted, and the two may be joined together by fitting the steel plate constituting the flat plate portion 21 into the hole and welding that portion, or the steel plate constituting the flange portion 22 and the steel plate constituting the flat plate portion 21 may be butted together in a substantially inverted T shape when viewed from the side and welded. The method of welding the two is not particularly limited, and they can be connected by intermittent fillet welding, full circumference welding, butt welding (groove welding), etc. Furthermore, when implementing the present invention, they may be joined together by means other than welding, such as screw fastening, or the whole may be molded as a single unit. Furthermore, in the above description, the connection configuration was such that the rectangular steel plate constituting the flat plate portion 21 and the elongated steel plate constituting the flange portion 22 form a substantially inverted T shape in a side view. However, when implementing the present invention, a connection configuration in which L-shaped steel plates are intertwined may also be used to form a substantially inverted T shape in a side view.

[0049] In this embodiment, a connecting fitting 20, which is formed in a substantially inverted T-shape in side view and consists of a flat plate portion 21 and a flange portion 22 formed perpendicular thereto, is used, each 4 to 6 m long, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the short side are 7.5 cm or more and the long side is 15 cm or more according to the JAS standard, and the large cross-sectional material (short side 15 cm or more, cross-sectional area 300 cm²) 2 The beam members 10 are joined together, consisting of medium-section timber other than those mentioned above, preferably made of commonly available laminated timber with a beam depth of 450 mm or more.

[0050] Next, the beam members 10 that are joined using this connecting hardware 20 will be explained with reference to Figure 3. The beam member 10 in this embodiment is a rectangular cross-section timber made of laminated timber, and standardized timber is used, for example, a rectangular timber with a short side of 105 mm or 120 mm and a long side of 150 mm, 180 mm, 210 mm, 240 mm, 270 mm, 300 mm, 330 mm, 360 mm, 390 mm, or 450 mm, with a length of 4 m, 5 m, or 6 m.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3, the beam member 10, which is made of laminated timber of a predetermined size and is joined using the connecting hardware 20, has an insertion groove 41 formed in advance into which the connecting hardware 20 is inserted. The insertion groove 41 is provided by cutting at one end of each beam member 10 in the longitudinal direction to be joined by the connecting hardware 20. In this embodiment, the slit groove 41a into which the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 is inserted and the flange receiving recess 41b provided below it to accommodate the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 are continuously formed as an opening that penetrates the upper and lower surfaces (beam length direction) with a longitudinal cross-section that is substantially the same shape as the outer shape of the connecting hardware 20 and has a substantially inverted T shape.

[0052] The slit groove 41a into which the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 is inserted is formed in each beam member 10 with a slit length (groove depth) corresponding to approximately half the lateral length of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20, and a slit width corresponding to the thickness of the flat plate portion 21, extending from the lower side to the upper end surface of the beam member 10. This slit groove 41a is provided at one end of each beam member 10 in the longitudinal direction by slitting the wood, at approximately the center of the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam member 10, and divides the width dimension (beam width) of the beam member 10 into roughly equal 2 parts.

[0053] Furthermore, considering the expansion and contraction characteristics of wood, it is preferable that the slit length of the slit groove 41a be approximately 5 to 12 mm longer than half the horizontal length of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20, and that the slit width of the slit groove 41a be approximately 1 mm to 3 mm longer than the thickness of the flat plate portion 21. Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the height (vertical dimension) of the connecting hardware 20 is smaller than the height (beam depth) of the beam member 10, the slit groove 41a penetrates from the lower side to the upper surface of the beam member 10 and opens to the upper surface of the beam member 10, and the vertical length of the slit groove 41a is greater than the height (vertical dimension) of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20.

[0054] The flange receiving recess 41b, into which the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 is accommodated, is formed on the lower end side of each beam member 10 with a width wider than the slit width of the slit groove 41a and corresponding to the width dimension of the flange portion 22, and a length corresponding to approximately half the length of the flange portion 22, and furthermore, with a recess depth corresponding to the thickness of the flange portion 22. Regarding the flange receiving recess 41b, considering the expansion and contraction characteristics of wood, it is preferable that the length corresponding to approximately half the length of the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 be increased by about 5 to 12 mm, and that its width be increased by about 3 to 10 mm compared to the width of the flange portion 22.

[0055] The formation of the insertion groove 41, which has a roughly inverted T-shape in its vertical cross-section and penetrates vertically, consisting of a slit groove 41a and a flange receiving recess 41b provided at its lower end, results in one end of each beam member 10 having a roughly U-shaped cross-section, allowing the connecting hardware 20 to be inserted from the lower side of the beam member 10 where the flange receiving recess 41b is formed toward the slit groove 41a.

[0056] Furthermore, at one end of each beam member 10, which is formed in a roughly U-shape in cross-section by the formation of the insertion groove 41, a circular pin hole 44 is drilled in the longitudinal direction, corresponding to the pin hole 24 of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 that is inserted into the insertion groove 41. This pin hole 44 penetrates the beam member 10 in the width direction, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The pin hole 44 is formed to be approximately the same diameter as the pin hole 24 of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20.

[0057] Next, the assembly of joining a pair of beam members 10 using the connecting hardware 20 of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 4 to 6. Note that the beam members 10 in Figures 4 to 6 are made of the same laminated timber as the beam members 10 in Figure 3, but the boundary lines between the laminated timbers have been omitted for clarity in the illustration. As shown in Figures 4 to 6, a pair of beam members 10 to be joined together are arranged with one end having an insertion groove 41 facing each other. The flat plate portion 21 of the joining hardware 20 is inserted from the flange receiving recess 41b side of the insertion groove 41 of each beam member 10, and the flat plate portion 21 of the joining hardware 20 is inserted into the slit groove 41a of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10. Furthermore, in this embodiment, with the entire flat plate portion 21 of the joining hardware 20 inserted into the slit groove 41a of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10, the flange portion 22 of the joining hardware 20 is fitted into the flange receiving recess 41b of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10, so that the thickness of the flange portion 22 of the joining hardware 20 fits within the pair of beam members 10. In other words, in this embodiment, the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 is housed in the flange receiving recess 41b of the pair of beam members 10 such that the lower surface of the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 is substantially flush with or slightly recessed inward with the lower surface of the pair of beam members 10.

[0058] Then, with the connecting hardware 20 inserted into the insertion groove 41 formed at one end of each beam member 10, a pin 34, such as a drift pin with a diameter of φ10 to 15 mm, is inserted from the pin hole 44 on one side of the beam member 10 that is perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces, and driven in toward the pin hole 24 of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pin hole 44 on the other side of the beam member 10. This driving of pins 34 is performed at multiple locations corresponding to the pin holes 44 and pin holes 24. With the connecting hardware 20 inserted into the insertion grooves 41 of the pair of beam members 10, pins 34 are pressed into the pin holes 44 of the beam members 10 and the pin holes 24 of the connecting hardware 20 at predetermined locations, thereby fixing the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 to each beam member 10 with the pins 34 driven in in the width direction perpendicular to the length direction of the beam members 10.

[0059] The length of the pin 34 in this case is approximately the same as the width dimension (short side dimension of the cross-section, i.e., beam width) perpendicular to the length direction of the beam member 10. That is, the pin 34 is pressed in from the opening end of the pin hole 44 on one side of the beam member 10 perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces, passes through the pin hole 24 of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20, and extends to near the opening end of the pin hole 44 on the opposite side of the beam member 10. The tip of the pin 34 may extend slightly inward from the opening end of the pin hole 44 on the side of the beam member 10 opposite to the insertion side of the pin 34, as long as it does not extend outward from the opening end of the pin hole 44 on the side of the beam member 10 opposite to the insertion side of the pin 34.

[0060] In particular, if the pins 34 that fix the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 to each beam member 10 are drift pins, they are driven in and press-fitted, enabling a joint with less rattle and high rigidity. Furthermore, they prevent loosening of the joint due to aging and wood shrinkage, resulting in a joint that is less prone to rattle and less prone to a decrease in load-bearing capacity, i.e., highly durable. Moreover, since the ends of the pins 34 do not protrude outwards from the beam member 10, and are not exposed to the outside, the aesthetic surface of the beam member 10 can be improved. In addition, as will be described later, even when reinforcing wood panels 50A, 50B, 50C are covered over the joints of the beam members 10, the tightening and joining of the wood panels 50A, 50B, 50C is not hindered. Preferably, if the outer surface of the pin 34 has irregularities formed by knurling (mesh) processing or slit processing, it becomes more difficult for it to come loose. However, when implementing the present invention, bolts and nuts, lag screw bolts (LSB), etc., may be used. When using bolts and nuts, it is desirable that the bolts and nuts be housed inside the beam member 10 and not exposed to the outside.

[0061] Furthermore, on the flange portion 22 side of the connecting hardware 20 inserted into the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10, that is, the lower surface side of the pair of beam members 10, a partially threaded screw 36 is inserted from the screw hole 26 on the lower surface side of the flange portion 22 and driven in toward the upper side (the bottom surface side of the flange receiving recess 41b of the beam member 10). In this way, screws 36 of, for example, φ4 to 8 mm are press-fitted into the beam members 10 at predetermined locations on the flange portion 22 side of the connecting hardware 20, and the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 and each beam member 10 are fixed by the screws 36 driven in in the beam length direction of the beam member 10. Note that the screws 36 only need to be able to fix the flange portion 22 to the beam member 10 with a predetermined tightening, for example, their length is 30 mm to 60 mm and they are press-fitted in a position where they do not interfere with each other with the pin 34. When implementing the present invention, it is not limited to screws 36 of φ8 mm or less, and screws with a diameter greater than φ8 may be used.

[0062] In this way, a pair of beam members 10, each having an insertion groove 41 at one end facing the other, are fitted with connecting hardware 20 into the insertion groove 41, and the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10 are fixed together with pins 34 such as drift pins and screws 36, thereby joining the pair of beam members 10 via the connecting hardware 20 and firmly integrating them, forming a long beam member 100.

[0063] In this embodiment of the long beam members 100, a connecting fitting 20 is inserted into one end of each beam member 10, and the beam member 10 and the connecting fitting 20 are fixed with pins 34 and screws 36, thereby joining one end face of each beam member 10 in the longitudinal direction and connecting and fixing each beam member 10 to each other. The flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 is inserted into a pair of beam members 10 near the center in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the flange portion 22 perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 is housed in a flange receiving recess 41b formed at the lower part of one end of each beam member 10. At this time, the center position of the lateral length of the flat plate portion 21 is positioned to approximately coincide with the boundary position of the pair of beam members 10, that is, half of the lateral length of the connecting fitting 20 is housed in each beam member 10 and balanced on the left and right. As a result, the load is evenly distributed across each beam member 10, and the horizontal framework of the beam members 10 is strengthened by the connecting fitting 20.

[0064] In this embodiment, the long beam member 100 has a joint fitting 20 whose height (vertical length) is shorter than the beam depth of the beam member 10. When inserted into the beam member 10, the upper end of the flat plate portion 21 of the joint fitting 20, opposite to the flange portion 22, is located inward from the opening end of the slit groove 41a of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10. Therefore, in this embodiment, the long beam member 100 has a predetermined long piece of wood insert 61 (for example, with a length (height) perpendicular to the length direction of 5 mm to 20 mm, preferably 8 mm to 15 mm) inserted into the gap in the slit groove 41a above the flat plate portion 21 of the inserted joint fitting 20, and the wood insert 61 is fixed to the beam member 10 with adhesive or the like to close the gap in the slit groove 41a. By closing the upper opening of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10 into which the joint fitting 20 is inserted with the wood insert 61 in this way, a burn-through area is formed, improving fire resistance. Furthermore, the blockage of airflow by the wood filler 61 at the upper end of the connecting hardware 20 also prevents condensation in the insertion groove 41. Note that when implementing the present invention, a flame-retardant material may be used instead of the wood filler 61 to enhance fire resistance.

[0065] In this embodiment, the long beam member 100, in which a pair of beam members 10 are joined by inserting a connecting hardware 20 into the beam member 10 at one end in the longitudinal direction of each beam member 10, which is 4m to 6m in length, and fixing the two with pins 34 and screws 36, so that the longitudinal end faces of a pair of beam members 10 are butted together, has a connecting hardware 20 that joins a pair of beam members 10 consisting of a flat plate portion 21 and a flange portion 22 arranged perpendicularly thereto. The flange portion 22 is arranged on the lower side of the pair of beam members 10, that is, on the tension side when subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, and extends perpendicularly to the vertical load, thereby providing high support and strength against vertical loads. In addition, since the pair of beam members 10 and the connecting hardware 20 are pin-jointed, the joint position does not change even with repeated vibrations or wood shrinkage and loosening does not occur, resulting in a joint that is less likely to lose strength.

[0066] In this embodiment, a long beam member 100 is formed by joining a pair of beam members 10 together along their length using a connecting metal fitting 20. These long beam members 100 are then joined in pairs, with each pair embracing and joining them on one side (side) of the width direction perpendicular to the length direction, thereby forming a long, large-section structural member 200 that spans between columns.

[0067] Referring to Figures 7 to 9, the long, large-section structural member 200, which is formed by joining a pair of long beam members 100 together, is described as follows: In this embodiment, two sets of long beam members 100, each formed by joining a pair of beam members 10 together in the longitudinal direction with connecting hardware 20, are placed parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, with one side of each set facing each other in parallel. At this time, the joint portions 51, which are the joints of the pair of beam members 10, are aligned to face each other. For example, the long beam members 100 are joined and fixed together by driving in long screws 38, which are 70 mm to 100 mm long, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the long beam members 100. The long screws 38 used to join a pair of long beam members 100 are driven in at multiple locations at predetermined intervals along the length of the long beam members 100. However, it is preferable to drive the long screws 38 at alternating positions on the upper and lower sides of the long beam members 100 to join and fix the pair of long beam members 100 together, in terms of the balance of joint strength and load distribution.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 10 to 12, the joints where a pair of beam members 10 are joined together by connecting hardware 20 may be covered with wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C. The wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C of this embodiment are roughly rectangular flat plates made of cross-laminated timber (CLT), which is formed by laminating and bonding sawn timbers perpendicular to each other. In the long, large-section structural member 200, the lower (bottom) and side surfaces of the long beam members 100 are covered at joints 51 where each pair of beam members 10 are joined by connecting hardware 20, and are fixed to each beam member 10 with screws 55.

[0069] In this embodiment, at the joint 51 where each pair of beam members 10 are joined by connecting hardware 20, a pair of side-covering wooden panels 50A and 50B, which cover the sides of the long, large-section structural members 200 on both sides in the width direction perpendicular to the length direction of the long, large-section structural members 200, and a bottom-covering wooden panel 50C, which covers the bottom surface (bottom surface) of the long, large-section structural members 200, that is, which covers the bottom surface (bottom surface) on the side where the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 of the pair of long beam members 100 are arranged, are each fixed to each beam member 10 using multiple long screws 55 (for example, 70 mm to 100 mm in length). In other words, these side-covering wooden panels 50A and 50B and bottom-covering wooden panel 50C cover the bottom surface and the two sides perpendicular to it of the joint 51 where the pair of beam members 10 are joined by connecting hardware 20 in the long, large-section structural members 200.

[0070] In addition, the pair of side-covering wood panels 50A and 50B that cover the sides of the long, large-section structural member 200 are joined and fixed to the beam member 10 by screws 55 arranged along their perimeter, for example. Furthermore, the bottom-covering wood panel 50C, which is positioned approximately perpendicular to the pair of side-covering wood panels 50A and 50B and covers the bottom surface of the long, large-section structural member 200, is joined and fixed to the beam member 10 by screws 55 in a position that does not interfere with the connecting hardware 20.

[0071] The wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C of this embodiment are, for example, made of 3-layer, 3-ply orthogonal laminated board, and since a 45-minute semi-fire-resistant structure requires a burn allowance of 35 mm, Panels with a thickness of 35 mm or more are used. Preferably, the thickness is in the range of 35 mm to 40 mm, and typically, wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C are of the same thickness. In the side covering panels 50A and 50B, the horizontal length corresponding to the length direction of the beam member 10 is approximately 1.2 to 2 times longer than the length dimension of the connecting hardware 20, for example, a length dimension of 600 mm to 1,200 mm, and the width perpendicular to the length direction is the dimension corresponding to the beam depth of the beam member 10. In the bottom covering panel 50C, the length (width) corresponding to the width direction perpendicular to the length direction of the beam member 10 is the dimension corresponding to the sum of the beam widths of the two pairs of beam members 10 and the thickness of the side covering panels 50A and 50B, and the horizontal length corresponding to the length direction of the beam member 10 is approximately the same as the horizontal length of the side covering panels 50A and 50B, and is approximately 1.2 to 2 times longer than the length dimension of the connecting hardware 20, for example, a length dimension of 600 mm to 1,200 mm.

[0072] Thus, in this embodiment, in the long, large-section structural member 200, the joint 51 where a pair of beam members 10 of each long beam member 100 are joined by a connecting metal fitting 20 may be reinforced and stiffened by covering the joint 51 with wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C. In particular, covering with wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C increases the burnable portion, which slows down the temperature rise of the connecting metal fitting 20 in the event of a fire and improves fire resistance. Furthermore, covering the connecting metal fitting 20 exposed on the lower surface of the long, large-section structural member 200 with wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C also improves the aesthetic appearance. In addition, not exposing the connecting metal fitting 20 in this way also prevents condensation and rust. In particular, if the wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C are made of cross-laminated boards, they will have strength that makes them resistant to deformation, and also have high thermal insulation and fire resistance. Therefore, even during a fire, they will have a high effect in slowing down the temperature rise of the connecting hardware 20 and suppressing the decrease in strength.

[0073] Thus, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional dimensions are such that the shorter side is 7.5 cm or more, the longer side is 15 cm or more, the shorter side is less than 15 cm, and the cross-sectional area is 300 cm². 2A pair of beam members 10, each made of wood with a cross-section less than 4m and a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, are joined together in the longitudinal direction using connecting hardware 20 to form a long beam member 100. Furthermore, two long beam members 100 are taken as a pair, and they are placed facing each other on their sides so that the joints 51 coincide, and then joined together by fixing them with screws or bolts 38 to form a long, large-section structural member 200.

[0074] In other words, the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment has a cross-sectional dimension where the short side is 7.5 cm or more and the long side is 15 cm or more, and is a large-section member (short side of 15 cm or more, cross-sectional area of ​​300 cm²). 2 Two beam members 10 made of medium-section timber (other than those mentioned above), with a length of 4m to 6m, are joined together in their respective longitudinal directions using connecting hardware 20 to form a long beam member 100. Furthermore, two long beam members 100 are joined together in their respective longitudinal directions, with one side of each beam member 10 facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the joints 51 are brought together so as to be roughly aligned. The pair of long beam members 100 are then fixed together with screws or bolts 38. This method involves joining small and medium-section beam members 10 with a length of 4m to 6m, which are readily available at low cost, in both their longitudinal and width directions to form a large cross-section.

[0075] In this embodiment of the long, large-section structural member 200, the connecting hardware 20 that joins a pair of beam members 10 of each long beam member 100 consists of a flat plate portion 21 and a flange portion 22 disposed perpendicularly thereto. On the lower side (bottom side) of the pair of beam members 10, that is, on the tension side when subjected to vertical loads such as live loads, the long, flat flange portion 22 is provided, projecting outward from the lower end of the flat plate portion 21 and extending perpendicularly to the vertical load. This provides high support and strength against loads from above and vertical loads. In particular, the connecting hardware 20 is inserted into the pair of beam members 10 and fixed with pins 34 or screws 36, and the insertion portion 41 into which the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 fits can also be made into a slit groove 41a to reduce cross-sectional loss, thus minimizing the reduction in strength of the wood. Furthermore, since two long beam members 100, each formed by joining a pair of beam members 10 via such connecting hardware 20, are joined together with their joint portions 51 aligned and facing each other, and then fixed and joined with screws or bolts 38 to form a large cross section, a predetermined rotational rigidity and rotational moment are ensured that prevents deflection even when beam members 10 of 4m or more and 6m or less are joined together to form a long beam, and rigidity and strength that prevents deformation even with a large span of 8m to 12m are ensured. Therefore, sufficient load-bearing capacity is obtained to create a stable frame even with large spans. Therefore, as shown in Figure 13, the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment enables the formation of large-span framing structures that span between columns, serving as rafters or ridge beams in wooden buildings that constitute medium- and large-scale buildings such as factories, gymnasiums, and public facilities.

[0076] In particular, a long, large-section structural member 200 is constructed by joining two long beam members 100, each formed by joining two beam members 10 together along their length using connecting hardware 20, and then connecting these two long beam members 100 together along their length. In this case, the cross-sectional dimensions are such that the short side is 7.5 cm or more, the long side is 15 cm or more, the short side is less than 15 cm, and the cross-sectional area is 300 cm². 2Since the cross-section is less than 10 and the length is between 4m and 6m, and inexpensive beam members 10 are used to form the large cross-section, material costs can be reduced. Furthermore, in a frame F that spans between columns using long, large-section structural members 200 formed by joining a pair of standardized timber beam members 10 together in the length direction with connecting hardware 20, and then joining two long beam members 100 together on their sides, the connection to the columns is also cost-effective because it is a connection to beam members 10 made of standardized timber, and existing hardware can be used for the connection. Moreover, unlike truss frames, fewer assembly steps are required, making construction easier and reducing construction costs. In particular, if the connecting hardware 20 consists of a flat plate section 21 and a flange section 22 positioned perpendicular to it, it is easy to position and less prone to misalignment, making assembly and construction easy. In other words, a connecting fitting 20 consisting of a flat plate portion 21 and a flange portion 22 disposed perpendicular to it allows for easy and strong joining of beam members 10. Furthermore, by arranging the flange portion 22 perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at the bottom of the slit groove 41a formed in the beam member 10, the airtightness within the slit groove 41a can be improved, making it difficult for air and flames from combustion to enter, and also making it difficult for condensation to occur. In a joint using such a connecting fitting 20, no components that would impair the joint strength due to changes over time are involved, so the joint strength can be maintained over a long period of time. Thus, with the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment, material costs and construction costs are low, so the cost can be significantly reduced when using it as a structural member that spans large distances.

[0077] And the long large cross-section structural member 200 of the present embodiment forms a large cross-section by width splicing of standardized small and medium cross-section timbers to ensure a burning margin. By having a pair of long beam members 100 held and joined at their side surfaces, the burning margin only requires three sides for each combined beam member. Compared with ensuring the burning margin on four sides of a single timber, the loss range due to combustion can be suppressed for each beam member 10. Also, by joining the beam members 10 together, the thermal resistance increases between the joints, which can delay combustion. Therefore, it is possible to delay the strength reduction of the beam member 10 and the reduction of the yield strength of the joint metal 20 due to heat during a fire.

[0078] In the structure F spanning between columns with the long large cross-section structural member 200 of the present embodiment like this, the long large cross-section structural member 200 has a large cross-section to ensure a burning margin and does not provide fire resistance by separately covering with gypsum board. Therefore, the scaffolding for gypsum board construction is not required, which can suppress the construction cost. Also, the appearance and design property of the timber are ensured. That is, the flat plate portion 21 of the joint metal 20 does not appear on the outer surface and is hidden inside the beam member 10, and only the flange portion 22 is arranged on the lower surface of the beam member 10, so the design property of the appearance is also good. Especially when the joint portion 51 of the beam member 10 is covered with the wood panels 50A, 50B, 50C, the flange portion 22 of the joint metal 20 is not exposed on the outer surface either, and the design property is further improved.

[0079] Thus, in the present embodiment, the joint metal 20 is composed of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) in the vertical direction, which is perpendicular to the length direction of the flat plate portion 21. The joint metal 20 has a short side of the cross-sectional dimension of 7.5 cm or more and a long side of 15 cm or more, and the short side is less than 15 cm, and the cross-sectional area is 300 cm 2A pair of beam members 10, each made of wood with a cross-section of less than 4m to 6m in length, are inserted into insertion grooves 41 provided at one end of each opposing piece of wood in the longitudinal direction. Pins 34 are inserted through pin holes 24 provided in the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 and wood holes 44 provided in the pair of beam members 10 to join and fix the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10. Screws 36 are inserted through screw holes 26 provided in the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 and pressed into the pair of beam members 10 to join and fix the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 to the pair of beam members 10, thereby joining the pair of beam members 10 in their longitudinal direction and forming a single long beam member 100. Then, two of these long beam members 100 are made into a pair, and the joints 51 of each pair of long beam members 100 are aligned so that their sides face each other and they are embraced together, and the pairs of long beam members 100 are joined together at multiple points along the length direction with long screws 38 to form a long, large-section structural member 200.

[0080] In this embodiment of the long, large-section structural member 200, a connecting fitting 20, which is formed in an inverted T-shape in side view and consists of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at the lower end of the flat plate portion 21, is inserted into a pair of beam members 10 and fixed to each other with pins 34 and screws 36 to join them. By arranging the flange portion 22, which extends perpendicular to the vertical direction, on the lower side of the pair of beam members 10, that is, on the tension side that receives vertical loads from above such as live loads, support and strength against vertical loads can be obtained. Furthermore, since the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 is inserted into the pair of beam members 10, the cross-sectional loss of the wood is minimized. Therefore, even when small or medium-sized timber (beam members 10) of 4m to 6m in length are joined to form a long structure, the required moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be secured. Then, two long beam members 100 are formed by joining small to medium section members (beam members 10) that are 4m to 6m long. These pairs of long beam members 100 are then joined together with their sides facing each other perpendicular to the length direction, and fixed in multiple places along the length direction with long screws 38 to form a large section. This ensures that the required rigidity is obtained even in a long shape, and that deflection is small even when spanning a large distance.

[0081] Therefore, according to the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment, which is formed by joining 4m to 6m long pieces of timber with small or medium-length sides in the length direction and the width direction perpendicular thereto, material costs can be reduced because 4m to 6m long pieces of timber with small or medium-length sides can be obtained at low cost. Furthermore, if 4m to 6m long pieces of timber with small or medium-length sides are used, transportation costs to the assembly site can be reduced. In addition, a long, large-section structural member 200 is formed by inserting a connecting hardware 20 consisting of a flat plate portion 21 and a flange portion 22 into a pair of beam members 10 made of 4m to 6m long pieces of timber with small or medium-length sides, fixing the pair of beam members 10 and the connecting hardware 20 with pins 34 and screws 36 to join the pair of beam members 10 via the connecting hardware 20, and further joining two of these long beam members 100 together by embracing them on their sides and fixing them with long screws 38. This long, large-section structural member 200 can be easily assembled and constructed, and construction costs can be reduced. Therefore, at low cost, a framing channel F can be constructed that is used, for example, as a rafter or ridge beam in a medium- or large-scale building, as shown in Figure 13, and is supported by columns as a simple beam.

[0082] Furthermore, the framing channel F formed by the long, large-section structural members 200 of this embodiment is supported by columns and used as a rafter or ridge beam, etc. The long, large-section structural members 200 consist of beam members 10 made of timber with small and medium faces measuring 4m to 6m in length, joined in the longitudinal direction and in the width direction perpendicular thereto. In addition to joining with columns, it is possible to join using existing metal fittings used for joining timber with small and medium faces, and no special metal fittings are required, thus keeping costs down.

[0083] In addition, the framing groove F formed by the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment ensures a fire-resistant design by joining long beam members 100, which are made by joining small and medium-sized timbers of 4m to 6m in length, and then joining them together on one side (side) on both sides in the width direction perpendicular to their length, and securing them with long screws 38 to form a large cross section, thereby enabling a structure that is suitable for the semi-fire-resistant standards of medium and large-scale buildings. Furthermore, with the framing groove F formed by the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment, the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 is inserted and built into the interior of a pair of beam members 10, and since it is not exposed, the exposed wood, i.e., the aesthetic appeal, is also ensured. Moreover, since there is no need to separately install gypsum board or the like for fire resistance, there is no need to assemble scaffolding for installing gypsum board or the like, so construction is easy and low cost. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both the aesthetic appeal of wood, which can form a wooden space, and low cost. Furthermore, in this method of joining small and medium-sized beam members 10 to form a large cross-section, the burn allowance is only required on three surfaces from each beam member 10. Compared to a method where the burn allowance is secured on all four surfaces of a single piece of wood, the area of ​​loss due to combustion from each beam member 10 is smaller. Also, because there is thermal resistance between the joints of each beam member 10, it is possible to slow down combustion and suppress the reduction in strength due to heat.

[0084] Furthermore, a pair of beam members 10, made from 4m to 6m long small or medium-sized lumber (commonly available lumber) that can be obtained at low cost, are joined together along their length with connecting hardware 20 to form a long beam member 100. Two of these long beam members 100 are then joined together in the width direction to form a long, large-section structural member 200. As a result, when large spans are to be spanned, the long, large-section structural member 200 can be easily assembled at the construction site. Since the lumber is only needed in the form of 4m to 6m long small or medium-sized lumber, transportation and delivery are easy, and there is no need to consider transport vehicles or delivery routes as when using custom-made beam members, thus reducing transportation costs.

[0085] Incidentally, the present inventors have joined a pair of beam members 10 (cypress) made of standardized small- and medium-section timbers using a connecting hardware 20 composed of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at the lower end of the flat plate portion 21 to form a long beam member 100. Two of these long beam members 100 are joined together in the width direction perpendicular to the length direction of the timber to form a long large-section structural member 200. Furthermore, at approximately the center of the length direction of the joined pair of long beam members 100, that is, at the joint 51 between the pair of beam members 10, wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C are joined to cover the lower surface and both sides perpendicular to it, which are among the four surrounding surfaces. The inventors have measured the rotational stiffness and moment, which are indicators of its load-bearing capacity, of a test specimen of this long large-section structural member 200 with a covering panel. Here, we will explain an example in which beam members 10, made of laminated rectangular timber with a cross-section of 120 mm on the short side, 450 mm on the long side, and a length of 4 m, are connected using connecting hardware 20.

[0086] The joint hardware 20, manufactured for load-bearing capacity evaluation, has overall dimensions of 640 mm in length and 400 mm in height. More specifically, the flat plate section 21 is made of steel plate with dimensions of 600 mm in length, 394 mm in height and 9 mm in thickness, and the flange section 22 is made of steel plate with dimensions of 640 mm in length, 42 mm in width and 6 mm in thickness. The flat plate section 21 has 22 φ13 mm pin holes 24 arranged as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and the flange section 22 has 12 φ7 mm screw holes 26 arranged as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The flat plate section 21 also has a rectangular opening 23 in the center with dimensions of 330 mm in length and 208 mm in length.

[0087] As the beam member 10 to be joined with this connecting hardware 20, laminated timber with a length of 4,000 mm, a cross-section with a long side of 450 mm, and a cross-section with a short side of 120 mm is used. An insertion groove 41 is formed at one end of the beam member 10 in the longitudinal direction, and 22 φ12 mm wooden holes 44 are formed for inserting φ12 mm pins 34. Two of these beam members 10 are arranged as a pair, and as shown in Figures 4 to 6, the end faces in the longitudinal direction of each beam member 10, where the insertion grooves 41 are formed, are placed facing each other. Connecting hardware 20 is inserted into the insertion grooves 41, and φ12 mm pins 34 (22 pieces) are pressed into the wooden holes 44 of the beam member 10 and the corresponding pin holes 24 of the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 (pulling them in by 5 mm) to fix the beam member 10 and the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20. Additionally, φ6 mm screws 36 (12 pieces) are inserted into the screw holes 26 of the connecting hardware 20 and pressed into the beam member 10 to fix the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 and the beam member 10. A pair of beam members 10 are then joined together via the connecting hardware 20 to produce a long beam member 100.

[0088] Furthermore, two of these long beam members 100 were made into a pair, and as shown in Figures 7 to 9, they were placed facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the length direction of the beam member 10, and the pair of long beam members 100 were joined and fixed together with long screws (200 mm long (L=200)) 38 to create a long, large-section structural member 200. The joining points of the long screws 38 at this time were arranged as shown in Figures 7 to 9, with four points on each side of the joint 51, spaced approximately 1,000 mm apart and arranged alternately above and below.

[0089] Then, at the joint 51 of a pair of beam members 10 of the long, large-section structural member 200, three wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C were joined to cover the bottom surface and the two sides perpendicular to it, out of the four surrounding surfaces. The wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C are made of 3-layer, 3-ply cross-laminated timber (CLT). The side wood panels 50A and 50B are 1000mm wide x 450mm high (corresponding to the length of the long side of the cross-section of the beam member 10) x 36mm thick, while the bottom wood panel 50C is 1000mm wide x 332mm high x 36mm thick. The wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C were joined to the beam member 10 by fixing them with long screws (80mm long (L=80)) 55 in the arrangement shown in Figures 11 and 12.

[0090] For the test specimens of the long, large-section structural members 200 with covering panels prepared in this manner, as shown in Figure 14(a), the amount of deflection at the joint 51 and the load at which failure occurred were measured when equal vertical loads were applied to both sides of two pairs of beam members 10. From these measured values, the rotational stiffness and moment were calculated. Multiple test specimens were prepared, and the average values ​​are shown in Table 1 below.

[0091] For comparison, a connecting fitting 20 consisting only of a flat plate portion 21 without a flange portion 22 was also fabricated. The same experiment was conducted on a long, large-section structural member 200 with a covering panel, fabricated using the connecting fitting 20 according to this comparative example, and its rotational stiffness and moment were calculated. The flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 according to the comparative example had dimensions of 900 mm (width) x 400 mm (height) x 9 mm (thickness), and was provided with 26 screw holes 26 of φ13 mm. A rectangular opening (width 600 mm x height 200 mm) was formed in the center. The connecting fitting 20 according to the comparative example, consisting only of the flat plate portion 21, was also inserted into the slit groove 41a of the insertion groove 41 of the beam member 10 and fixed to the beam member 10 with φ12 mm screws (26 screws), thereby joining one pair of beam members 10 together. In this case, the insertion groove 41 of the beam member 10 did not have a flange receiving recess 41b. The rotational stiffness and moment were also calculated for a test specimen of a long, large-section structural member 200 with a covering panel, which was manufactured in the same manner as the example, but in a comparative example in which each pair of beam members 10 were joined together with a connecting fitting 20 consisting only of a flat plate portion 21 and no flange portion 22. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0092] [Table 1]

[0093] As shown in Table 1, compared to the connecting hardware 20 in the comparative example which consists only of a flat plate portion 21 and lacks a flange portion 22, the connecting hardware 20 in the embodiment, in which the flat plate portion 21 and the flange portion 22 perpendicular to it are connected in an inverted T-shape in side view and front view, showed high rotational rigidity and moment. This is because, in the long, large-section structural member 200 with a covering panel in the embodiment, a flange portion 22 extending approximately perpendicular to the vertical direction due to the vertical load is provided on the lower side of each pair of beam members 10. This flange portion 22 is wider than the thickness and lateral length of the flat plate portion 21, and can receive and distribute the vertical load on such surfaces, thus enabling high bearing capacity and strength against vertical loads.

[0094] Furthermore, the inventors also conducted experiments on long, large-section structural members 200 without covering with wood panels 50A, 50B, and 50C, in the same manner as described above. For these members, the average rotational stiffness was 5907 kNm / rad, the maximum moment × 2 / 3 was 54 kN·m, and the yield moment was 52 kNm / rad, confirming that they possess sufficient strength for semi-fire-resistant (45 minutes). In addition, as shown in Figure 14(b), experimental measurements were also conducted on test specimens of long, large-section structural members 200 with covering panels, simulating wind pressure (upward blowing). For these members, the average rotational stiffness was 7432 kNm / rad, the maximum moment × 2 / 3 was 71 kN·m, and the yield moment was 64 kNm / rad, confirming that they possess sufficient strength against reverse bending under wind pressure (upward blowing).

[0095] As described above, the connecting hardware 20 of this embodiment is a connecting hardware 20 for joining a pair of beam members 10 made of long timbers of 4m to 6m in length, and comprises a rectangular flat plate portion 21 having pin holes 24 through which pins 34 for fixing to each beam member 10 are inserted, and a long flat plate-shaped flange portion 22 formed integrally perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21, and having screw holes 26 through which screws 36 for fixing to each beam member 10 are inserted.

[0096] According to the joining hardware 20 of this embodiment, a pair of beam members 10 can be joined together by inserting the flat plate portion 21 into the end of each beam member 10 of a pair of beam members 10 made of long timbers of 4m to 6m in length and fixing it to each beam member 10 with a pin 34, and fixing the flange portion 22 to each beam member 10 with a screw 36. In particular, the connecting hardware 20 of this embodiment is formed in an inverted T-shape in side view by providing a flange portion 22 perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21. When the plane direction of the flat plate portion 21 is aligned with the length direction of the pair of beam members 10 and inserted into the pair of beam members 10, the flange portion 22 formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 extends along the length direction on the lower side of the pair of beam members 10. Therefore, by providing a flange portion 22 of a predetermined width that extends perpendicular to the vertical direction on the side of the pair of beam members 10 that is subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, the bearing capacity and strength against vertical loads can be increased. For this reason, even when connecting beam members 10 that are 4m to 6m long, a predetermined moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be secured. Thus, it is possible to create large spans in medium to large-scale wooden buildings by connecting beam members 10 that are 4m to 6m long and readily available at low cost.

[0097] Furthermore, according to the connecting hardware 20 of this embodiment, since the flat plate portion 21 has an opening 23 on its central side, it is possible to reduce weight and cost. In addition, by reducing the deflection of the beam member 10 due to the weight of the connecting hardware 20, it is possible to further increase the rigidity of the beam member 10.

[0098] Furthermore, the long beam member 100 of this embodiment consists of a connecting hardware 20 comprising a rectangular flat plate portion 21 having pin holes 24 penetrating both the front and back surfaces, and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21 and having screw holes 26 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces, and a timber with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, with an insertion groove 41 into which the connecting hardware 20 is inserted at one end in the longitudinal direction of the timbers facing each other, and also with pins of the connecting hardware 20 penetrating both sides perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the timber. The joint fitting 20 comprises a pair of beam members 10 having a hole 24 and a wooden hole 44 facing it, a pin 34 inserted into the pin hole 24 of the joint fitting 20 and the wooden hole 44 of the pair of beam members 10 to fix the flat plate portion 21 of the joint fitting 20 and the pair of beam members 10, and a screw 36 inserted into the screw hole 26 of the joint fitting 20 to fix the flange portion 22 of the joint fitting 20 and the pair of beam members 32. The pair of beam members 10 are joined together by fixing the joint fitting 20, which is inserted into the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10, to the pair of beam members 10 with the pin 34 and the screw 36.

[0099] In this embodiment of the long beam member 100, a connecting fitting 20, consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at the lower end of the flat plate portion 21, is inserted into an insertion groove 41 provided at one end in the longitudinal direction of the wood that faces each other in a pair of beam members 10 made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less. Pins 34 are inserted into pin holes 24 provided in the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 and the pair of beam members 10 to fix the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 and the pair of beam members 10. Additionally, screws 36 are inserted into screw holes 26 provided in the flange portion 22 of the connecting fitting 20 to fix the flange portion 22 of the connecting fitting 20 and the pair of beam members 10 to the pair of beam members 10, thereby joining one end in the longitudinal direction of each beam member 10 to each other.

[0100] Thus, when a pair of beam members 10 are joined by inserting a connecting fitting 20, which consists of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21, into a pair of beam members 10 and joining the connecting fitting 20 to each beam member 10 with pins 34 and screws 36, the connecting fitting 20 that joins the pair of beam members 10 is formed in an inverted T shape in side view by providing the flange portion 22 perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at the lower end of the flat plate portion 21, and is positioned extending along the length direction on the lower side of the pair of beam members 10 that are joined together. Therefore, by providing a flange portion 22 of a predetermined width that extends perpendicular to the vertical direction on the side of the pair of beam members 10 that is subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, the support capacity and load-bearing capacity against vertical loads can be increased. Therefore, even when connecting beam members 10 of 4m to 6m in length, the required moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be ensured. Consequently, it is possible to span lengths of 4m to 6m beam members 10 that can be obtained at low cost, thus enabling large-span framing channels in medium- and large-scale wooden buildings at low cost.

[0101] Furthermore, the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment comprises a connecting hardware 20 consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 having pin holes 24 penetrating both the front and back surfaces, and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21 and having screw holes 26 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces, and a pair of beam members 10 made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, each having an insertion groove 41 into which the connecting hardware 20 is inserted at one end in the longitudinal direction of the wood that faces each other, and wood holes 44 penetrating both sides perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wood and facing the pin holes 24 of the connecting hardware 20. The long beam members 100 are formed by joining a pair of beam members 10 together, with the joining hardware 20 comprising a pin 34 inserted through a pin hole 24 in the joining hardware 20 and a wooden hole 44 in a pair of beam members 10 to fix the flat plate portion 21 of the joining hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10, and a screw 36 inserted through a screw hole 26 in the joining hardware 20 to fix the flange portion 22 of the joining hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 32. The joining hardware 20 is inserted into the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10 and fixed to the pair of beam members 10 with the pin 34 and the screw 36, forming a pair of long beam members 100. These two long beam members 100 are then joined together in parallel, facing each other, and secured with screws or bolts 38.

[0102] In the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment, a connecting fitting 20 consisting of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of a pair of beam members 10, each made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, is inserted into an insertion groove 41 provided at one end in the longitudinal direction of the wood facing each other. A pin hole 24 provided in the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 and a wood hole 44 provided in the pair of beam members 10 are inserted into the insertion groove 41 provided in the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 and the wood hole 44 provided in the pair of beam members 10. By inserting screws 34 to fix the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10, and by inserting screws 36 through screw holes 26 provided in the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 to fix the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10, two long beam members 100 are formed as a pair, with the front and rear surfaces in the width direction facing each other in the length direction and joined together with screws or bolts 38.

[0103] Thus, when a pair of beam members 10 are joined by inserting a connecting fitting 20, which consists of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21, into a pair of beam members 10 and joining the connecting fitting 20 to each beam member 10 with pins 34 and screws 36, the connecting fitting 20 that joins the pair of beam members 10 is formed in an inverted T shape in side view by providing a flange portion 22 perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21, and is positioned extending along the length direction on the lower side of the pair of beam members 10 that are joined together. Therefore, by providing a flange portion 22 of a predetermined width that extends perpendicular to the vertical direction on the side of the pair of beam members 10 that is subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, the support capacity and load-bearing capacity against vertical loads can be increased. Therefore, even when connecting beam members 10 with lengths of 4m to 6m, the required moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be ensured.

[0104] Furthermore, according to the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment, a pair of long beam members 100, each made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, are joined together using connecting hardware 20 in the longitudinal direction of each other, and then the two long beam members 100 are joined together with surfaces perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and fixed with screws 38. This method allows for the construction of a large section by joining together small-section beam members 10 that are 4m to 6m long and readily available at low cost. Therefore, since it is possible to span lengths equal to the length achieved by joining together inexpensive, small-section beam members 10 of 4m to 6m, it enables the construction of large-span framing channels in medium- and large-scale wooden buildings at low cost.

[0105] In particular, since beam members 10 with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less are joined together on one side (side) in the width direction perpendicular to their length to form a large cross-section, even when burning, the damage to each beam member 10 is limited to three sides excluding the opposing side. Furthermore, thermal resistance is generated between the opposing joints of each beam member 10, which slows down combustion and suppresses the reduction in strength due to heat. Therefore, high fire resistance can be achieved.

[0106] Furthermore, the above embodiment is a frame structure in which a pair of long beam members 100 are joined together with their sides facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to their length direction, and joined with screws 38 to form a long, large-section structural member 200, which is connected in the length direction and supported by columns. The long, large-section structural member 200 consists of a connecting hardware 20 comprising a rectangular flat plate portion 21 having pin holes 24 penetrating its front and back surfaces, and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21 and having screw holes 26 penetrating its upper and lower surfaces, and a timber with a length of 4m to 6m, with an insertion groove 41 into which the connecting hardware 20 is inserted at one end in the length direction of the timbers facing each other, and also in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the timber. It is also possible to consider an invention of a frame comprising a pair of beam members 10 having wooden holes 44 that penetrate both sides of the connecting hardware 20 and face the pin holes 24 of the connecting hardware 20, a pin 34 that is inserted through the pin holes 24 of the connecting hardware 20 and the wooden holes 44 of the pair of beam members 10 to fix the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10, and a screw 36 that is inserted through the screw holes 26 of the connecting hardware 20 to fix the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 32, and two of these long beam members 100 are made as a set, and are joined together with their sides facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the length direction and joined with screws or bolts 38.

[0107] In other words, in this embodiment, a connecting fitting 20 is inserted into an insertion groove 41 provided at one end in the longitudinal direction of a pair of beam members 10 made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less. The fitting consists of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21. Pins 34 are inserted into pin holes 24 provided in the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 and wood holes 44 provided in the pair of beam members 10 to secure the flat plate portion 21 of the connecting fitting 20 and the pair of beam members 10. In addition, screws 36 are inserted through screw holes 26 provided in the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 to fix the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 and the pair of beam members 10, thereby joining one end of the pair of beam members 10 in the longitudinal direction to form a long beam member 100. Furthermore, two of these long beam members 100 are taken as a pair, and they are joined together with their sides facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and joined with screws 38 to form a long, large-section structural member 200 that spans a large distance between columns.

[0108] Thus, when a pair of beam members 10 are joined by inserting a connecting fitting 20, which consists of a rectangular flat plate portion 21 and a long flange portion 22 integrally formed perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at one end (lower end) of the flat plate portion 21, into a pair of beam members 10 and joining the connecting fitting 20 to each beam member 10 with pins 34 and screws 36, the connecting fitting that joins the pair of beam members 10 is formed in an inverted T shape in side view by providing the flange portion 22 perpendicular to the flat plate portion 21 at the lower end of the flat plate portion 21, and is positioned extending along the length direction on the lower side of the pair of beam members 10 that are joined together. Therefore, by providing a flange portion 22 of a predetermined width that extends perpendicular to the vertical direction on the side of the pair of beam members 10 that is subjected to a vertical load such as a live load, the support capacity and load-bearing capacity against vertical loads can be increased. Therefore, even when connecting beam members 10 with lengths of 4m to 6m, the required moment resistance and rotational rigidity can be ensured.

[0109] Furthermore, according to the long, large-section structural member 200 of this embodiment, a pair of long beam members 100, each made of wood with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less, are joined together using connecting hardware 20 in the longitudinal direction of each other, and these long beam members 100 are then joined together with their sides facing each other in the width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and fixed with screws 38. This method allows for the joining of small-section beam members 10 that are 4m to 6m long and readily available at low cost to create a large cross-section. Therefore, since it is possible to span lengths equal to the length achieved by joining together inexpensive, small-section beam members 10 of 4m to 6m, it enables the construction of large-span framing channels in medium- and large-scale wooden buildings at low cost.

[0110] In particular, since beam members 10 with a length of 4m or more and 6m or less are joined together on one side (side) in the width direction perpendicular to the length direction to form a large cross-section, even when burning, the damage to each beam member 10 is limited to three sides excluding the opposing side. Furthermore, thermal resistance is generated between the opposing joints of each beam member 10, which slows down combustion and suppresses the reduction in strength due to heat. Therefore, high fire resistance can be achieved.

[0111] In the above embodiment, the entire flat plate portion 21 of the connecting hardware 20 is inserted into the slit groove 41a of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10, and the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 is fitted into the flange receiving recess 41b of the insertion groove 41 of the pair of beam members 10, so that the thickness of the flange portion 22 of the connecting hardware 20 fits within the pair of beam members 10. However, when implementing the present invention, the flange portion may be arranged so that it is flush with the lower surface of the pair of beam members 10.

[0112] Furthermore, when implementing the present invention, the configuration, shape, quantity, material, size, connection relationship, assembly method, etc., of the other parts of the connecting hardware 20, long beam material 100, and long large-section structural material 200 are not limited to the above embodiments. Not all of the numerical values ​​given in the embodiments of the present invention represent critical values; some values ​​represent suitable values ​​for implementation, and therefore, slightly changing the above values ​​does not negate implementation. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0113] 10 Beam material 20 Connecting hardware 21 Flat plate part 22 Flange section 24 pin holes 26 screw holes 34 pins 36 screws 41 Insertion groove 50A, 50B, 50C Wood Panel 51 Joint 100 Long beam material 200 Long-length, large-section structural members

Claims

1. A joining component for joining a pair of beam materials whose end faces in the longitudinal direction face each other, a fixing portion disposed across the two beam members and fixed to one surface of each of the beam members; an erection portion erected from the fixed portion in a direction perpendicular to the surface and fixed to each of the beam members; Equipped with Joining parts.

2. The erected portions are inserted into the interior of each of the beam members. The joining component according to claim 1 .

3. The standing portion is a flat plate having an opening formed in the center. The joining component according to claim 2 .

4. The erected portion is formed with a plurality of holes into which connectors to be inserted into the beam material are inserted. The joining component according to claim 1 .

5. The joining component according to claim 4 , wherein the number of holes formed is greater toward the fixing portion side.

6. The holes are formed more in number at both ends in the length direction. The joining component according to claim 4 .

7. The holes are symmetrically arranged in the longitudinal direction. The joining component according to claim 4 .

8. When viewed in the length direction, the fixed portion and the standing portion form a T-shape. The joining component according to claim 1 .

9. The dimension of the fixed portion in the length direction is greater than the dimension of the erected portion in the length direction. The joining component according to claim 1 .

10. The joining component according to claim 1 ; Two beam members whose end faces in the length direction face each other; Equipped with Long beam material.

11. The end faces of the beams are butted against each other. The long beam material according to claim 10.

12. A slit groove is formed inside each beam member, extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface and into which the erected portion is inserted. The long beam material according to claim 10 or 11.

13. A recess that is connected to the slit groove and that accommodates the fixing portion is formed on the surface of each of the beam members. The long beam material according to claim 12.

14. the slit groove penetrates the beam material in a direction perpendicular to the surface, a filling material for closing an opening on the opposite surface of the surface formed by the slit groove; The long beam material according to claim 12.

15. The slit groove is positioned approximately at the center of each of the beam members in a direction perpendicular to the length direction and the direction perpendicular to the surface. The long beam material according to claim 12.

16. When the end faces of the beams are butted against each other and the slit groove formed in one beam is connected to the slit groove formed in the other beam in the longitudinal direction, The dimension of the communicating slit groove in the length direction is greater than the dimension of the erected portion in the length direction. The long beam material according to claim 12.

17. The dimension of the communicating slit groove in a direction perpendicular to the surface is larger than the dimension of the erected portion in a direction perpendicular to the surface. The long beam material according to claim 16.

18. The center of the erected portion in the longitudinal direction substantially coincides with the position of the boundary between the end faces of the beam members. The long beam material according to claim 11.

19. The panel material covers the periphery of the boundary between the end faces of each of the beams and is fixed to each of the beams. The long beam material according to claim 11.

20. The panel material covers the boundary on the surface and two orthogonal surfaces perpendicular to the surface.

20. The long beam material according to claim 19.

21. The panel material is CLT.

20. The long beam material according to claim 19.

22. Each of the beams is a piece of wood with a length of 4 m or more and 6 m or less. The long beam material according to claim 10.

23. Each of the beams is made of laminated wood. The long beam material according to claim 10.

24. Each beam and each erected portion inserted into the beam are fixed to each other by a pin inserted in a direction perpendicular to the two directions of the length direction and the direction perpendicular to the surface, The pin does not protrude from the outer surface of the beam, The outer peripheral surface of the pin is formed with irregularities. The long beam material according to claim 10.

25. Two long beams according to claim 10 are provided, The two long beam members are fixed to each other in a direction perpendicular to the two directions of the length direction and the direction perpendicular to the surface. Long, large-section structural material.

26. The two long beams are fixed to each other by a plurality of long beam connectors inserted in a direction perpendicular to the two directions.

26. The long, large cross-section structural material according to claim 25.

27. The long beam connectors are arranged alternately above and below the long large cross-section structural member along the length direction.

27. The long, large cross-section structural material according to claim 26.

28. The panel material covers the periphery of the boundary between the end faces of each of the beams and is fixed to each of the beams.

26. The long, large cross-section structural material according to claim 25.

29. The panel material is CLT.

29. The long, large cross-section structural material according to claim 28.

30. The long, large-section structural member according to claim 25 is connected in the longitudinal direction. Frame.

31. The long beam material according to claim 10 is provided. structure.

32. A structure comprising the long, large cross-section structural material according to claim 25. structure.

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