Vehicle resource capacity management

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for managing batteries in electric vehicles. In some embodiments, the system initiates battery discharge for a battery pack, where the battery discharge continues until the battery pack reaches a first threshold charge level. The system then estimates a first state of charge for the battery pack based at least on a first sensor reading associated with the battery pack. The system initiates battery charge for the battery pack, where the battery charging continues until the battery pack reaches a second threshold charge level. The system estimates a second state of charge for the battery pack based at least on a second sensor reading associated with the battery pack. The system generates a process result indicative of a capacity of the battery pack based at least on the first state of charge and the second state of charge.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] [CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] This application is a nonprovisional application and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 264,926, entitled "VEHICLE RESOURCE CAPACITY MANAGEMENT," filed on December 3, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety and for all purposes. [Background technology]

[0002] In general, various vehicles, such as electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., may require some connection to an external power source to at least partially recharge an internal power source, such as a battery pack. In certain scenarios, a state of health or other characterization of the operability of an electric vehicle resource, such as a battery pack, can aid in the operation and maintenance of the vehicle.

[0003] Generally, computing devices and communication networks can be utilized to exchange data and / or information. In a typical application, a computing device can request content from another computing device over a communication network. For example, a user at a personal computing device can utilize a browser application to request a content page (e.g., a network page, a web page, etc.) from a server computing device over a network (e.g., the Internet). In such an embodiment, the user computing device can be referred to as a client computing device, and the server computing device can be referred to as a service provider. In another embodiment, the user computing device can collect or generate information and provide the collected information to the server computing device for further processing or analysis. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0004] In general, various vehicles, such as electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., may require some connection to an external power source to at least partially recharge an internal power source, such as a battery pack. In certain scenarios, a state of health or other characterization of the operability of an electric vehicle resource, such as a battery pack, can aid in the operation and maintenance of the vehicle.

[0005] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates an exemplary electric vehicle including a battery management system in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0006] [Figure 2A] 2 illustrates an environment in which the battery of the electric vehicle of FIG. 1 can be managed in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0007] [Figure 2B] 2B illustrates an exemplary interaction between components of the environment of FIG. 2A for initiating a battery management process that includes determining the capacity of a battery in an electric vehicle.

[0008] [Figure 2C] 2B illustrates an example interaction between components of the environment of FIG. 2A for managing a battery of an electric vehicle based on a determined battery capacity, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0009] [Diagram 3] 1 illustrates a general architecture of a battery capacity determination module for managing a battery in an electric vehicle, according to an aspect of the disclosure.

[0010] [Figure 4] 1 illustrates an example routine for managing an electric vehicle battery through coordination of a battery capacity determination procedure and responsive actions based on the determined battery capacity.

[0011] [Diagram 5]1 illustrates an example routine for determining battery capacity by charging and discharging a battery pack according to an aspect of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Generally, one or more aspects of the present disclosure relate to configuring and managing operations associated with managing devices such as electric vehicles. As an illustrative example, aspects of the present application relate to characterizing an operational state of a battery pack or associated components based on managing processes associated with providing energy from one or more available power sources. Illustratively, the characterization of the operational state may correspond to estimating a battery pack capacity metric based on measuring battery pack capacity indicators and implementing a capacity determination method, which may include a full charge or discharge process cycle. Additionally, aspects of the present application may further include comparing the estimated battery pack capacity metric to one or more nominal battery pack metrics. Additionally, a response or mitigation action may be initiated.

[0013] Illustratively, the capacity determination method may include a process, such as a charging process, that may be defined in terms of a minimum prescribed amount of time based on environmental conditions to achieve one or more prescribed charging parameters / goals. The charging parameters / goals may correspond to providing sufficient energy to the vehicle battery pack to achieve a threshold charge amount (e.g., partial charge or full charge) and to hold the achieved state of charge in the battery pack. As described in more detail, the capacity determination method may illustratively begin by reducing a previously held state of charge to a minimum threshold level, such as by activating power consuming resources (e.g., heaters and compressors) in the vehicle. The resulting state of charge may be identified as a first state of charge metric. The battery pack is then charged to achieve an established maximum or desired threshold level, which may represent a desired state of charge or a full charge. The resulting state of charge may be identified as a second state of charge metric. The battery capacity management system may then utilize the two state of charge metrics to estimate the current battery pack capacity.

[0014] Generally, characterization of the state of health of a vehicle's components, such as a battery pack, is difficult to accurately determine or estimate. In one example, characterization of driving range is often associated with characterization of the state of health or operating state of the battery pack. However, vehicle range estimation generally corresponds to a complex and time-consuming process that attempts to estimate the total amount of work that can be done by the battery pack (and associated components), which depends on the discharge and charge conditions (e.g., the number of components that consume energy during operation) experienced during the operation of the battery pack / vehicle. These processes typically include inputs from other components, such as devices / components that generate loads on the electrical system, hardware and software components that manage power distribution and consumption. Thus, the accuracy of vehicle range as an approximation of the state of health of the battery pack is clearly lacking and often leads to errors.

[0015] Electric vehicles typically include some form of battery management system (BMS) that, among other functions, attempts to estimate the remaining capacity of the battery pack. For example, the BMS may receive inputs from various sensors to monitor battery pack operating parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. The resulting measurements can be utilized to generate range estimates that are provided to a user, such as through an on-vehicle interface. However, the accuracy of traditional range estimation processes is weak and based on the cycling patterns of the battery and characteristics of its cells, and accurate estimates based on these measurements cannot always be guaranteed. Furthermore, consumers may erroneously assume that a decrease in estimated vehicle range at a threshold charge of the battery pack (e.g., a specified full state of charge or maximum charge), or a decrease in estimated vehicle maximum range, such as the estimated range displayed in the vehicle user interface (UI), may correspond to a problem with the electric vehicle's battery pack. This may lead to unnecessary or improper repair requests, warranty claims, or poor consumer experiences.

[0016] In other examples, the characterization of energy retention in a battery pack and associated components can be related to the health or operational state of the battery pack. However, the estimation of energy retention in a battery pack and associated components typically requires external equipment for measurement. Typically, accurate estimation of energy retention in a battery pack is performed in a laboratory environment that is not easily accessible to consumers. For example, a laboratory environment may require the battery pack to be removed from the vehicle or require vehicle modifications to facilitate testing. Furthermore, the resulting characterization of energy retention may not be easily recognized by consumers, leading to unnecessary or inappropriate repair requests, warranty claims, or poor consumer experiences.

[0017] To address at least some of the above shortcomings, aspects of the present application address the utilization of a particular capacity determination methodology to obtain a set of metrics associated with a battery pack and associated components. The obtained metrics can be further processed to characterize the battery pack capacity. The determined battery pack capacity result is then provided to inform a user of the battery pack's state of health (or operational state), illustratively expressed as a percentage of the current determined battery pack capacity compared to a nominal battery pack capacity value. The determined battery pack capacity can be further stored and used by a management component, such as a BMS, to perform calibration or other response actions that can improve range estimation accuracy, or initiate corrective functions / services when appropriate.

[0018] Illustratively, the battery pack capacity determination process may be initiated by a user via command or control, such as via an input provided via an interface. Based on the initiated command, the vehicle, such as via a BMS, automatically executes one or more capacity determination methods, which may include a sequence of events to discharge and then charge the battery pack. Alternatively, the sequence of events may be to charge and then discharge the battery pack. In one aspect, the particular process or adjustable parameters of a particular discharge / charge process utilized by the vehicle may vary depending on the vehicle components, vendor, manufacturer, government agency, or other third party (e.g., insurance company). Illustratively, the discharge / charge process utilizes on-board vehicle loads, such as an HVAC system, to achieve different states of charge of the battery pack. In another aspect, the user may utilize an application program developed by a network service provider to remotely trigger the battery capacity determination process. This may make the battery pack capacity determination process easier for users and others to perform in parking lots, home environments, and the like.

[0019] During the sequence of events, the capacity determination application automatically captures, stores, and processes data to ultimately report an assessment of the remaining capacity of the battery pack. The results of the battery pack capacity characterization are reported to a user via a user interface, etc. Additionally, the results of the processing, such as the underlying metrics or characterization, can be used to recalibrate parameters within the BMS, trigger additional diagnostics or repairs, generate alerts, etc.

[0020] While various aspects are described according to exemplary embodiments and feature combinations, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the examples and feature combinations are exemplary in nature and should not be construed as limiting. More specifically, aspects of the present application may be applicable to various types of vehicle charging mechanisms, power sources, interfaces, and the like. Additionally, while a particular capacity determination method for discharging and charging an electric vehicle battery pack ("Capacity Determination Method") is described, such exemplary capacity determination method should not be construed as limiting. Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate that aspects of the present application are not necessarily limited in application to any particular type of vehicle, vehicle charging infrastructure, data communications, or exemplary interactions between vehicles, owners / users, and network service providers.

[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary electric vehicle 100 in which an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented. As shown in FIG. 1, the electric vehicle 100 has a battery 102, a battery management system 108, and a number of wheels 110. In some embodiments, the battery 102 can include a number of battery packs 104, and each battery pack 104 can include a number of battery cells 106. The configuration of the battery packs 104 and the battery cells 106 can be determined based on a particular application. The battery management system 108 can be configured to monitor the status of the battery 102. For example, the battery management system 108 can monitor the state of charge, voltage, current, temperature, operating time, impedance, etc. for each battery pack 104.

[0022] In some embodiments, the battery 102 can be connected to a battery discharge load (not shown in FIG. 1 ) to drain battery power from the battery 102. Illustratively, the battery discharge load can be a heater, a compressor, or other component of the electric vehicle 100 that drains power. In these embodiments, the battery management system 108 can initiate a battery discharge process on the battery 102 to discharge power from the battery 102 to the battery discharge load. During the battery discharge process, the battery management system 108 can measure the current, voltage, and energy of each battery pack 104 and transmit the measurement results in real time to a user interface (not shown in FIG. 1 ). In some examples, the user interface can be a display panel onboard the electric vehicle 100 or a mobile device remotely connected to the battery management system 108 via a wireless communication channel. In other embodiments, the battery discharge load can be an external component of the electric vehicle, such as an external power draining circuit / device. In still other embodiments, the battery discharge load can be a bidirectional power device that can supply power to the battery 102 and drain power from the battery 102.

[0023] FIG. 2A illustrates a battery management environment 200 capable of charging and discharging the battery 102 of an electric vehicle 100 according to one or more embodiments of the present application. The battery management environment 200 includes a collection of local resources that can be utilized to provide charging capabilities to an electric device, such as the electric vehicle 100. The collection of local resources can include one or more vehicles that include a connection for receiving an electric charge from an external energy source 206. The electric vehicle 100 can be associated with or provide access to a user interface 204 for obtaining user input or displaying information regarding the status of the battery 102. The user interface 204 can be generated on an interface device provided within the electric vehicle 100 or via an external computing device accessed by a user of the vehicle, such as a mobile device, a laptop computing device, a kiosk, or the like. In other words, the user interface 204 can be physically located within the electric vehicle 100 or can be remotely connected to the electric vehicle 100 via a wireless communication channel or a computer network.

[0024] The local resources may further include charging infrastructure equipment (e.g., a charging component) that physically couples to electric vehicle 100 to supply energy to battery 102. The charging component may be capable of accessing power from at least one power source, such as current provided by a third-party service provider. In some embodiments, the charging component may include multiple power sources that may be individually selectable or may be used in combination to supply energy to electric vehicle 100.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2A, the local resources further include a battery capacity determination module 202A in the battery management system 108 of the electric vehicle 100. The battery capacity determination module 202A can be a combination of hardware and software configured to determine the capacity of the battery 102 or the capacity of a battery pack of the battery 102, as described in more detail below. Illustratively, the battery capacity determination module 202A is part of the battery management system 108 hosted on the electric vehicle 100. Alternatively, the battery capacity determination module 202A may be hosted on a charging component of the electric vehicle 100, a mobile device, or other components. The battery capacity determination module 202A can obtain or maintain preference information regarding a desired capacity determination procedure. In some embodiments, the desired capacity determination procedure is provided by the battery charging vendor 208 via the network 210. In other embodiments, the desired capacity determination procedure is pre-stored in the vehicle capacity data store 216 of the network service provider 214. The battery capacity determination module 202A can further measure charging performance metrics of vehicle components, such as the battery 102 and associated components of the electric vehicle 100. The battery capacity determination module 202A may further determine a battery pack state of health or operational state characteristic in the form of battery pack capacity. The battery capacity determination module 202A may facilitate the generation of notifications, warnings, or mitigation actions.

[0026] The local resources are represented in a simplified logical form and do not reflect all of the physical software and hardware components that may be implemented to provide the functionality associated with the local resources.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 2A, the battery management environment 200 further includes a network service provider 214 that can communicate with one or more of the local resources via a computer network connection provided by the network 210. Thus, the network service provider 214 can remotely manage the battery of the electric vehicle 100. In some embodiments, the network service provider 214 can implement a battery capacity determination module 202B that functions similarly to the battery capacity determination module 202A hosted on the electric vehicle 100. In other embodiments, the network service provider 214 can implement the battery capacity determination module 202B to interface with the battery capacity determination module 202A of the local resource to determine the capacity of the battery pack of the battery 102. In this manner, the battery capacity determination module 202B and the battery capacity determination module 202A can each perform a portion of the steps necessary to manage the battery 102. For example, the battery capacity determination module 202B can select a particular procedure to be utilized to determine the capacity of the battery 102 and send the particular procedure to the battery capacity determination module 202A for implementation. Network 210 may be any wired network, wireless network, or combination thereof. Furthermore, network 210 may be a personal area network, a local area network, a wide area network, a cable network, a fiber network, a satellite network, a cellular network, a data network, or a combination thereof. In the exemplary environment of FIG. 2A, network 210 is a global area network (GAN), such as the Internet. Protocols and components for communicating over the other aforementioned types of communication networks are well known to those skilled in the art of computer communications, and thus need not be described in greater detail herein. Network service provider 214 is represented in a simplified logical form and does not reflect all of the physical software and hardware components that may be implemented to provide functionality associated with network-based services.

[0028] FIG. 2B illustrates an exemplary interaction between components of the environment of FIG. 2A to initiate a battery management process for determining the capacity of a battery pack of an electric vehicle 100. The interaction of FIG. 2B begins at (1), where the battery charging vendor 208 transmits battery capacity determination procedures and parameters to the network service provider 214. The transmission may be a spontaneous action on the part of the battery charging vendor 208 or may be triggered in response to a request from the network service provider 214. Depending on the type or model of the battery pack and the electric vehicle involved, the battery capacity determination procedures and parameters may be customized and tailored by the battery charging vendor 208 or the network service provider 214. In some embodiments, the battery capacity determination procedures and parameters may be stored in a vehicle capacity data store 216 hosted by the network service provider 214. In other embodiments, the battery capacity determination procedures and parameters may be stored in a battery capacity determination module 202B hosted by the service provider 214.

[0029] Thereafter, at (2), the network service provider 214 obtains a request to determine the capacity of the battery pack installed in the electric vehicle 100. In some embodiments, the request may be generated when a certain condition is met. For example, the network service provider 214 may record the date when the capacity of the battery pack was last determined and trigger the request to determine the capacity when the date exceeds a certain number. Alternatively, the request may be entered manually by a user through a user interface of a user device, such as a mobile device (not shown in FIG. 2B). In some embodiments, the network service provider 214 may provide an application program that may be installed on the user's mobile device. The application program may be part of the battery capacity determination module 202B hosted by the network service provider 214. The application program may present a user interface that receives a request from the user to determine the capacity of the battery pack. The application program may prompt the user to optionally enter information about the electric vehicle 100 (e.g., vehicle model or vehicle mileage) so that the network service provider 214 can determine the particular battery capacity determination procedure and parameters to be implemented by the battery capacity determination module 202B. Advantageously, through an application program or other interface provided by the network service provider 214, a user can more easily and actively initiate a battery capacity determination procedure for different types of batteries hosted by different types of electric vehicles.

[0030] In some embodiments, the battery charging vendor 208 may transmit several sets of battery capacity determination procedures and parameters, and the network service provider 214 may select one set of procedures and / or parameters to be implemented by the battery capacity determination modules 202B and / or 202A. For example, the network service provider 214 may select a particular battery capacity determination procedure and associated parameters tailored to the electric vehicle 100 and the battery 102. As another example, the battery capacity determination procedure and parameters may be customized when the same battery pack is installed in two different types of electric vehicles (e.g., a sedan and a truck) so that the battery pack capacity can be determined more accurately or efficiently. In such an example, the battery charging vendor 208 may provide different procedures and different parameters based on the type of electric vehicle involved, and the network service provider 214 may select one procedure that is indicated to provide an accurate capacity determination result for the electric vehicle 100 and the battery 102. Advantageously, the capacity of the battery 102 may be determined more accurately.

[0031] At (3), in response to obtaining the request to determine the capacity of the battery pack, the network service provider 214 transmits a battery capacity determination procedure and parameters for performing the battery capacity determination procedure to the electric vehicle 100. As described above, the network service provider 214 can select an appropriate battery capacity determination procedure along with associated parameters based on information about the electric vehicle 100 and the battery 102. The electric vehicle 100 can store the procedure and parameters in the battery management system 108, and more specifically, in the battery capacity determination module 202A, for later execution.

[0032] In response to receiving the parameters from the network service provider 214, at (4), the electric vehicle 100 initiates a battery capacity determination procedure for the battery pack installed on the electric vehicle 100. More specifically, the battery capacity determination module 202A executes the battery capacity determination procedure, which may include a series of steps such as charging and discharging the battery pack. A detailed description of the battery capacity determination procedure is provided with reference to FIG. 5. During execution of the battery capacity determination procedure, the battery capacity determination module 202A can collect different battery capacity metrics associated with the battery pack for which the battery capacity determination procedure is executed. Based on the collected capacity metrics, the battery capacity determination module 202A can generate a result regarding the battery pack capacity, such as the remaining capacity of the battery pack.

[0033] 2C, at (5), the battery capacity determination module 202A can transmit the battery pack capacity result back to the network service provider 214. The network service provider 214 can store the result in the battery capacity determination module 202B or the vehicle capacity data store 216 for further analysis. In some embodiments, the network service provider 214 can then present the battery pack capacity result via an application program to a user interface of the mobile device to inform a user or third party concerned with the capacity of the battery pack. Alternatively, the battery pack capacity result can be transmitted to the user interface 204 of the electric vehicle 100 to alert the driver of the electric vehicle 100.

[0034] In (6), the battery capacity determination module 202B can initiate a response action depending on the battery pack capacity result. In some embodiments, the response action may be to send an alert to the battery charging vendor 208 to repair or replace the battery 102. To avoid unnecessary repairs, for example, the battery capacity determination module 202B can set an appropriate capacity range in which a repair or replacement alert is not triggered. In other embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202B can select a new battery capacity determination procedure and perform the newly selected procedure on the battery 102 to determine the capacity of the battery pack again. Alternatively, the battery capacity determination module 202B can generate a certificate for the battery 102 that certifies that the remaining capacity of the battery 102 is above a certain value.

[0035] Referring now to FIG. 3, an exemplary architecture for implementing the battery capacity determination module 202 on one or more local resources or network service providers is described. The battery capacity determination module 202A and / or 202B described in FIGS. 2A-2C may employ the same or similar architecture as described in FIG. 3. The battery capacity determination module 202 may be part of the battery pack of the battery 102, related components, or components / systems providing other functions associated with the general electrical system of the electric vehicle 100. For example, the battery capacity determination module 202 may be embodied as part of the BMS 108 of the electric vehicle 100. In other embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 may be a standalone application that interacts with other components of the electric vehicle, such as a BMS, controller, management system, etc.

[0036] The architecture of FIG. 3 is exemplary in nature and should not be construed as requiring a particular hardware or software configuration for the battery capacity determination module 202. The general architecture of the battery capacity determination module 202 shown in FIG. 3 includes an arrangement of computer hardware and software components that may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the battery capacity determination module 202 includes a processing unit 302, a network and I / O (input / output) interface 304, a computer-readable media drive 306, and one or more sensors 308, all of which may communicate with each other via a communication bus (not explicitly shown in FIG. 3). The components of the battery capacity determination module 202 may be physical hardware components or may be implemented in a virtualized environment.

[0037] The network and I / O interface 304 may provide a connection to one or more networks or computing systems, such as the network 210 of FIG. 2A. Thus, the processing unit 302 may receive information and instructions from other computing systems or services via the network 210. The processing unit 302 may also communicate with a memory 320 and further provide optional display output information via the network and I / O interface 304. In some embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 may include more (or fewer) components than those shown in FIG. 3, such as implementations found in a portable device or electric vehicle.

[0038] The memory 320 may include computer program instructions executed by the processing unit 302 to implement one or more embodiments according to the present disclosure. The memory 320 generally includes RAM, ROM, or other persistent or non-transitory memory. The memory 320 may store an operating system 312 that provides computer program instructions for use by the processing unit 302 in the general management and operation of the battery capacity determination module 202. The memory 320 may further include interface software 310 for sending and receiving computer program instructions and other information for implementing aspects of the present disclosure. For example, in one embodiment, the memory 320 stores a battery management routine 314 configured to initiate a prescribed battery capacity determination procedure 316 and cause performance of the battery capacity determination procedure 316 described herein. In some embodiments, the battery management routine 314 determines or calculates battery pack capacity based on processed battery pack metrics observed / measured during performance of the battery capacity determination procedure 316. In some embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 can maintain multiple data stores utilized in accordance with one or more aspects of the present application, including charging preferences for the desired charge, charging parameters including battery pack preconditioning and other vehicle attributes, performance metrics of individual power sources, and other information.

[0039] 4, an example flow diagram of a battery management routine 400 for managing a battery of an electric vehicle, such as the battery pack of battery 102 of electric vehicle 100, is illustrated. Battery management routine 400 may be implemented, for example, by battery capacity determination module 202A and / or 202B of FIG. 2A or battery capacity determination module 202 of FIG.

[0040] The battery management routine 400 begins at block 402, where the battery capacity determination module 202 can obtain a battery pack capacity determination procedure corresponding to a specified capacity determination method. Illustratively, the battery pack determination procedure corresponds to a series of operations performed by the electric vehicle 100 and the battery capacity determination module 202. As described herein, the series of operations can include operations of vehicle discharge and charging components to discharge the battery pack to a specified state of charge and charge the battery pack to another specified state of charge. The specific operations of the vehicle components to achieve charging or discharging and the specific values ​​of the specified state of charge can vary depending on the battery pack configuration, the vehicle, the vendor, the manufacturer, the user, a government agency, or other third parties. Thus, the battery capacity determination module 202 can be configured or updated with one or more battery pack determination procedures as needed. Advantageously, a user can utilize the battery capacity determination module 202 to more accurately determine the capacity of a battery pack installed in different types of electric vehicles under different operating conditions (e.g., battery temperature or environmental humidity). The battery pack determination procedure can be pre-loaded or transmitted via a physical or wireless connection to the vehicle, a mobile application or a charging component.

[0041] In block 404, the battery capacity determination module 202 obtains a request to determine the battery pack capacity by receiving a command or control, such as via an input provided via an interface. In one example, the user may be presented with one or more user interfaces generated on a vehicle display, such as the user interface 204 hosted on the electric vehicle 100. In another example, the user may access a user interface via a computing device, such as a mobile computing device remote to the electric vehicle 100, for making a request to determine the battery pack capacity of the battery pack of the battery 102 of the electric vehicle 100. In yet another example, the user may utilize an application program associated with the network service provider 214 to make a request to determine the battery pack capacity via the network service provider 214. In other examples, the receipt of the command may correspond to an evaluation of trigger criteria, such as time-based criteria, event-based criteria, operating parameter-based criteria, etc. Thus, the request to determine the capacity of the battery pack may be made automatically, in that the user does not need to manually trigger the determination. In yet another example, the receipt of the command may correspond to a diagnostic or repair process that may request initiation of the battery management routine 400 or may incorporate the battery management routine 400 as part of such functionality.

[0042] Based on the request to determine the battery pack capacity, a battery capacity determination procedure is initiated in block 406. For example, the electric vehicle 100, such as via the battery capacity determination module 202 or other components of the BMS 108, executes and coordinates a series of events to discharge and then charge a battery pack, such as the battery pack of the battery 102 of the electric vehicle 100. Illustratively, the discharge / charge process utilizes an on-board vehicle load, such as an HVAC system, to achieve different states of charge of the battery pack. Alternatively, the battery capacity determination procedure utilizes an external component, such as a bidirectional power device, that can discharge and charge the battery pack. Other external components, such as a power draining circuit or device, can also be used to drain the power of the battery pack in the electric vehicle 100. Also, the battery capacity determination procedure can utilize a parking lot power grid or other power source in the home to charge the battery pack. In another example, the electric vehicle 100 can enter a waste energy mode that allows the electric vehicle's battery pack to be discharged at a faster rate than discharging the battery pack using other techniques described above. An exemplary process of the battery capacity determination procedure is described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5.

[0043] During the sequence of events, the battery capacity determination module 202 can automatically capture, store, display, and process data. More specifically, in block 408, the battery capacity determination module 202 can process the set of battery pack capacity metrics to provide an assessment of remaining battery pack capacity and transmit the results to other components associated with the electric vehicle, such as the user interface 204 of the electric vehicle 100 shown in FIG. 2A. One exemplary battery pack metric can correspond to a state of the battery pack after being discharged below a minimum state-of-charge threshold ("minimum charge metric"). Another exemplary battery pack metric can correspond to another state of the battery pack after being charged to a maximum state-of-charge threshold ("maximum charge metric"). Yet another exemplary battery pack metric can correspond to the total net amp-hour movement of the battery pack during a charging cycle. Illustratively, measurements of various battery pack metrics can further take into account steady-state values ​​of the battery pack, such as the utilization of confidence boundaries and additional processes to ensure that battery pack attributes are stable with respect to the measured battery pack metrics.

[0044] Advantageously, during the sequence of events, the user interface 204 may display a message indicating that the battery management routine 400 is in progress to prevent interruptions from the user or other actions that may adversely affect the progress of the battery management routine 400. Optionally, the battery capacity determination module 202 may further refuse to perform certain actions on the vehicle that may affect the accuracy of the battery pack capacity determination while the battery management routine 400 is being executed.

[0045] The battery capacity determination module 202 can then characterize or calculate a state of health of the battery pack as a function of the battery pack metrics described above. Illustratively, the capacity of the battery pack can be characterized as the quotient of the total net ampere-hours movement to the net difference between the maximum charge metric and the minimum charge metric. Additionally, the battery capacity determination module 202 can further calculate the battery pack capacity as a percentage of a nominal value. Illustratively, the nominal value can correspond to an initial (e.g., while the battery 102 was “new” or simply immediately after manufacture by the battery vendor) measurement of the particular battery pack, an average or normalized value, or a manually adjusted value.

[0046] After generating the results regarding the remaining battery pack capacity, the results of the battery pack capacity characterization can be reported to a user, such as via the user interface 204. In one example, the actual capacity value or the determined percentage can be presented to the user. In another example, the user can be presented with an indicator (e.g., an icon, a color bar, a sound, etc.) that provides some further information regarding the interpretation / evaluation of the determined battery pack capacity. For example, an icon may be displayed indicating that the percentage of the determined battery pack capacity is within the service level agreement provided by the manufacturer. In another example, a warning icon or sound can be played to alert the user when the determined capacity falls below a certain threshold (e.g., 95% or 90%). Furthermore, the certain threshold can be user-programmed or customized. In another example, the results of the battery pack capacity characterization are transmitted to a device (e.g., a mobile device of the user or vehicle maintenance provider) away from the vehicle. Thus, a more interactive or proactive battery capacity check can be facilitated.

[0047] In block 410, a response action may be initiated based on the determined capacity of the battery pack using the processing results, such as the underlying metrics or characterization. The response action may include recalibrating parameters in the BMS, triggering additional diagnostics or repairs, generating an alert, and the like. In another example, the electric vehicle 100 may generate a service screen that may trigger a repair request or warranty claim. In yet another example, the electric vehicle 100 or other components in the battery management environment 200 may provide functionality to generate a certificate of completion and a certificate of value for purposes of insurance claims, resale, lease returns, and the like. Additionally, the battery capacity determination module 202 may store the metric data or the determined capacity value in a local or remote storage device, such as the vehicle capacity data store 216. Illustratively, the battery management routine 400 may return to block 402 to obtain another battery capacity determination procedure and repeat for subsequent trigger events. Alternatively, the battery management routine 400 may end in block 408 when no response action is required, or end in block 410 when no further response action is required.

[0048] 5, an exemplary routine 500 for determining battery pack capacity according to an exemplary embodiment will be described. The routine 500 may be implemented, for example, by the battery capacity determination modules 202A and / or 202B of FIG. 2A or the battery capacity determination module 202 of FIG. 3. As described above, the battery capacity determination procedure may illustratively include operation of vehicle components and charging components to discharge the battery pack to a defined state of charge and charge the battery pack to another defined state of charge. Additionally, the battery capacity determination procedure may include further operation of additional components or charging components of the vehicle as part of discharging the battery pack, charging the battery pack, or a combination thereof.

[0049] In block 502, the battery capacity determination module 202 discharges a battery pack, such as the battery pack of the battery 102 of the electric vehicle 100, until the battery pack reaches a first threshold charge level. Illustratively, the battery capacity determination module can utilize one or more components of the electric vehicle 100 configured to consume energy from the battery pack. Such systems, components, or operating modes include, but are not limited to, an HVAC system (e.g., heater), a compressor, a "waste energy" mode, an external plug, and the like. As an example, the component can be an energy sink that drains energy from the battery pack within a desired time. As another example, the component can be a bidirectional power source. In other words, the component can be an electronic load, supplying power to the battery pack and draining power from the battery pack. Vehicles or a power grid in a parking lot or living space can also serve to consume energy from the battery pack during the execution of the capacity determination procedure. Depending on the desired goal, different components or systems can be used to discharge the battery pack. For example, if the goal is to quickly discharge the battery pack, the battery capacity determination module 202 can trigger the electric vehicle 100 to enter a "waste energy" mode rather than turning on the heater to expedite the discharge process. The battery capacity determination module 202 can further modify the operating parameters of these components according to a particular process / configuration to control the discharge rate or manage the operation of additional components according to a specified procedure. The battery capacity determination module 202 continues to discharge the battery pack until the determined charge falls below a first threshold charge level.

[0050] Preferably, the thresholds may be adjustable based on the desired accuracy and duration of the capacity determination procedure. In one example, the thresholds associated with the discharge of the battery pack are adjusted to correspond to lower voltage readings from the battery pack. In this way, the closer the battery pack is to a fully discharged state, the more accurate the capacity estimation can be. As another example, the thresholds associated with the discharge of the battery pack are adjusted to a certain extent. Thus, the entire capacity determination procedure can be completed in a shorter time.

[0051] In some embodiments, the discharge continues until the battery pack reaches a threshold charge level. For example, the threshold charge level may be that the current drawn from the battery pack is less than a particular value (e.g., 1 ampere). As another example, the threshold charge level may be that the measured voltage of the battery pack is less than a particular value (e.g., 200V). In another example, the threshold charge level may be a particular combination of current and residual voltage measured from the battery pack. In another example, the threshold charge level is a minimum state of charge for the battery pack (e.g., a defined low state of charge for the battery pack).

[0052] In block 504, the battery capacity determination module 202 determines that the battery pack has reached a first steady state. The battery capacity determination module 202 may reduce all power consumption from the battery pack to allow the battery voltage or battery chemistry of the battery pack to stabilize or reach an equilibrium chemical state. Illustratively, the battery capacity determination module 202 may determine that the battery pack has stabilized by counting a certain period (e.g., 30 seconds) after discharging has stopped. Optionally, the battery capacity determination module 202 may adjust the counting period based on capacity determination parameters provided by the battery charging vendor 208. Alternatively, the battery capacity determination module 202 may determine that the battery pack has stabilized when a certain event occurs. For example, the battery capacity determination module 202 may determine that the battery pack has stabilized when the difference between two consecutive measurements of the voltage of the battery pack is less than a certain value (e.g., 0.05V).

[0053] At block 506, the battery capacity determination module 202 estimates a first state of charge (e.g., a minimum charge metric) of the battery pack based on sensor readings, such as those provided by the sensor 308. Illustratively, the battery capacity determination module 202 may utilize voltage readings from the sensor 308. In one embodiment, the battery capacity determination module 202 may implement a confidence limit for this estimation of the state of charge metric. In this example, if the confidence of the estimation reaches a desired target (e.g., greater than 95% confidence), the battery capacity determination module 202 may record the state of charge metric. In some embodiments, an open circuit voltage measurement (i.e., measuring the voltage of the battery pack under no load) may be utilized to estimate the state of charge of the battery pack. In other embodiments, a voltage measured when the battery pack voltage stabilizes under load may be used to estimate the state of charge of the battery pack.

[0054] In block 508, the battery capacity determination module 202 charges the battery pack using a charging component, such as the external energy source 206, until the battery pack reaches a second threshold charge level. The battery capacity determination module 202 can also manage the operating state of any components of the vehicle, especially in scenarios where the operating state may have changed since the adjustment in block 504. During the battery capacity determination procedure, the battery capacity determination module 202 can collect metric information. Specifically, in one embodiment, the battery capacity determination module 202 can collect and aggregate net ampere-hours movement during the charging process. The battery capacity determination module 202 can store this information as another battery metric. In some embodiments, the battery pack may be charged by a home or parking lot power grid or source. As previously mentioned, charging can be facilitated by the use of a bidirectional power device, which is also used to discharge the battery pack in block 502.

[0055] Similar to the description in block 502, the second threshold may also be adjustable depending on applicable conditions and goals. For example, if the battery capacity determination procedure must be completed within a shorter time, the second threshold may be lowered compared to situations where time is not critical. In some embodiments, the first threshold in block 502 and the second threshold in block 508 correspond to different voltage readings from the sensor 308, with the second threshold corresponding to a higher voltage reading than the first threshold. In another example, the second threshold charge level is the maximum state of charge of the battery pack (i.e., the highest possible state of charge of the battery pack).

[0056] At block 510, the battery capacity determination module 202 reduces all power consumption from the battery pack to stabilize the battery pack voltage or to allow the battery pack chemistry to reach a second steady state. Illustratively, the battery capacity determination module 202 can be configured with timing-based or event-based criteria to identify an appropriate amount of time for voltage stabilization, as described with respect to block 504. In some embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 determines that the battery chemistry of the battery pack has stabilized based on a confidence limit (e.g., greater than 90% confidence that the battery pack has stabilized).

[0057] At block 512, the battery capacity determination module 202 estimates another battery pack metric (e.g., a maximum charge metric) based on a sensor reading, such as a reading from the sensor 308. Illustratively, the battery capacity determination module 202 estimates a second state of charge that is used to calculate the capacity of the battery pack along with the first state of charge estimated at block 506. As mentioned above, in one embodiment, the battery capacity determination module 202 may implement a confidence limit for this estimation of the state of charge metric. In this example, if the confidence of the estimation reaches a desired goal, the battery capacity determination module 202 may record the state of charge metric.

[0058] In block 514, the battery capacity determination module 202 can determine or calculate the battery capacity as a percentage of the nominal capacity and the estimated state of charge. In some embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 subtracts the first state of charge estimated in block 506 from the second state of charge estimated in block 512 to obtain a difference metric. The battery capacity determination module 202 can then divide the current transfer between the first steady state determined in block 504 and the second steady state determined in block 512 to obtain the capacity of the battery pack. By way of illustration, the battery capacity determination module 202 can calculate the remaining capacity of the battery using the following formula: Capacity = Total Ampere Hours / (Maximum Charge Metric - Minimum Charge Metric). Additionally, the battery capacity determination module can utilize the capacity value and the nominal capacity to determine the percentage. As discussed above, the nominal value can correspond to an initial measurement, an average or normalized value, or a manually adjusted value for a particular battery pack. For example, the battery capacity determination module 202 may divide the capacity of the battery pack by a nominal value to derive a capacity percentage indicating the capacity remaining in the battery pack compared to another capacity measured when the battery pack was “new” or shipped from the battery manufacturer.

[0059] At block 516, the routine 500 ends. As described above with reference to Figure 4, a processing result may be generated based on the estimated battery pack capacity, such as sending an alert to a user or displaying information on a user interface accessible to the user. Depending on the applicable circumstances, the routine 500 may be reinitiated by the battery capacity determination module 202 in response to a request from a user or the occurrence of an automatic trigger event.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 5, the battery pack is discharged in block 502 before being charged in block 510. Alternatively, charging of the battery pack can precede discharging in several battery charge / discharge cycles. In some embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 may randomly discharge the battery pack before charging it or charge the battery pack before discharging it. In other embodiments, the battery capacity determination module 202 may determine the state of charge of the battery pack before initiating the battery capacity determination procedure. In this manner, the battery capacity determination module 202 may utilize the determined state of charge of the battery pack to determine the order of charging and discharging the battery pack in the battery capacity determination procedure as shown in FIG. 5. For example, before initiating the battery capacity determination procedure as in block 406, the battery capacity determination module 202 may determine that the current state of charge of the battery is close to a fully charged state. The battery capacity determination module 202 then charges the battery pack before discharging the battery pack during the battery capacity determination procedure. Advantageously, such a charge / discharge sequence may enable the battery capacity determination procedure to be performed within a shorter time and consume less electrical energy. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the routine 500 can skip block 502 where the battery pack is discharged to a first threshold. In other words, discharging the battery pack in block 502 may not be performed under certain conditions. For example, if the battery pack is already at a sufficiently low state of charge when the routine 500 is triggered (e.g., a user drives an electric vehicle long enough that the energy remaining in the battery pack falls below a certain threshold), block 502 can be skipped and the routine 500 can proceed directly to block 504. Advantageously, the routine 500 can be completed in less time if block 502 is properly skipped.

[0061] The foregoing disclosure is not intended to limit the disclosure to the exact form or specific field of use disclosed. Thus, various alternative embodiments and / or modifications to the disclosure, whether expressly described or implied herein, are possible in light of the disclosure. Although embodiments of the disclosure have been described in this manner, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is limited only by the scope of the claims.

[0062] The processes described herein or shown in the figures of this disclosure may be initiated in response to an event, such as a predetermined or dynamically determined schedule, on demand when initiated by a user or system administrator, or in response to some other event. When such a process is initiated, a set of executable program instructions stored on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., hard drives, flash memory, removable media, etc.) may be loaded into memory (e.g., RAM) of a server or other computing device. The executable instructions may then be executed by a hardware-based computer processor of the computing device. In some embodiments, such processes, or portions thereof, may be implemented in multiple computing devices and / or multiple processors, either serially or in parallel.

[0063] Depending on the embodiment, certain operations, events, or functions of any of the processes or algorithms described herein may be performed in a different order, or may be added, merged, or omitted entirely (e.g., not all operations or events described may be required to implement an algorithm). Furthermore, in certain embodiments, operations or events may be performed simultaneously rather than sequentially, for example, via multi-threaded processing, interrupt processing, or multiple processors or processor cores, or on other parallel architectures.

[0064] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, routines, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware (e.g., ASIC or FPGA devices), computer software running on computer hardware, or a combination of both. Furthermore, the various exemplary logic blocks and modules described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented or executed by a machine, such as a processor device, a digital signal processor ("DSP"), an application specific integrated circuit ("ASIC"), a field programmable gate array ("FPGA") or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. The processor device can be a microprocessor, but in alternative examples, the processor device can be a controller, a microcontroller, or a state machine, combinations thereof, and the like. The processor device can include electrical circuitry configured to process computer-executable instructions. In another embodiment, the processor device includes an FPGA or other programmable device that performs logical operations without processing computer-executable instructions. A processor device may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. Although described herein primarily with respect to digital technology, a processor device may also include primarily analog components. For example, some or all of the rendering techniques described herein may be implemented with analog circuitry or mixed analog and digital circuitry.The computing environment may include any type of computer system, including, but not limited to, a computer system based on a computational engine within a microprocessor, mainframe computer, digital signal processor, portable computing device, device controller, or appliance, to name a few.

[0065] Elements of the methods, processes, routines, or algorithms described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor device, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. An exemplary storage medium may be coupled to the processor device such that the processor device can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor device. The processor device and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor device and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.

[0066] In the above specification, the present disclosure has been described with reference to certain embodiments. However, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the various embodiments disclosed herein can be modified or implemented in various other ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, this description should be considered as illustrative and is for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art how to make and use the various embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the forms of the disclosure shown and described herein should be construed as representative embodiments. Equivalent elements, materials, processes, or steps may be substituted for those typically shown and described herein. Furthermore, certain features of the present disclosure can be utilized independently of the use of other features, as will become apparent to those skilled in the art after having the benefit of this description of the present disclosure. The terms "including," "comprising," "incorporating," "consisting of," "have," "is," and the like, used to describe and claim the present disclosure, are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, i.e., allowing for the presence of items, components, or elements not expressly described. References to the singular are also to be construed as relating to the plural.

[0067] Furthermore, the various embodiments disclosed herein should be construed in an illustrative and explanatory sense, and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure in any way. All coupling references (e.g., attached, secured, coupled, connected, etc.) are used only to aid the reader's understanding of the present disclosure, and do not create limitations with respect to the position, orientation, or use of the systems and / or methods specifically disclosed herein. Thus, any coupling reference should be interpreted broadly. Moreover, such coupling references do not necessarily imply that two elements are directly connected to each other.

[0068] Additionally, and without limitation, all numerical terms such as "first," "second," "third," "major," "secondary," "main," or any other conventional and / or numerical terms, should also be construed merely as identifiers to aid the reader in comprehension of the various elements, embodiments, variations and / or modifications of the present disclosure, and in particular do not create any limitation with respect to the order or preference of any element, embodiment, variation and / or modification relative to or over another element, embodiment, variation and / or modification.

[0069] It will also be understood that one or more of the elements shown in the drawings / figures may also be implemented in a more separate or integrated manner, or may be removed or depicted as inoperative in certain cases, as may be useful depending on the particular application.

Claims

1. A system for managing a battery of an electric vehicle, comprising: a battery capacity determination module configured to perform a battery capacity determination procedure, the battery capacity determination procedure comprising: determining a current state of charge of the battery pack; initiating a battery discharge, the battery discharge discharging the battery pack until a state of charge associated with the battery pack reaches a first threshold charge level; estimating a first state of charge of the battery pack; initiating battery charging, the battery charging charging the battery pack until the state of charge associated with the battery pack reaches a second threshold charge level; estimating a second state of charge of the battery pack; generating a processing result based on at least the first state of charge and the second state of charge, the processing result including a capacity of the battery pack; The battery capacity determination procedure initiates charging of the battery before initiating discharging of the battery based on the current state of charge of the battery pack.

2. the battery capacity determination module is further configured to determine that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached a first steady state; 2. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the battery capacity determination module estimates the first state of charge of the battery pack in response to determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the first steady state.

3. the battery capacity determination module is further configured to determine that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached a second steady state; 3. The battery management system of claim 2, wherein the battery capacity determination module estimates the second state of charge of the battery pack in response to determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the second steady state.

4. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein generating the processed result comprises dividing the capacity of the battery pack by a nominal value to derive a capacity percentage, the nominal value being obtained from the battery capacity determination module performing the battery capacity determination procedure when the battery pack is in an initial state.

5. the battery capacity determination module: Obtaining battery capacity determination procedures from the battery charging vendor; configured to receive a request from a user to determine a battery pack capacity; The system of claim 1 , wherein the battery capacity determination module performs the battery capacity determination procedure in response to obtaining the request to determine battery pack capacity.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the battery capacity determination module is further configured to transmit the processed results to a user interface associated with the electric vehicle.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processing results further include at least one of a repair warning, a warranty, or a certificate associated with the battery pack.

8. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first threshold charge level corresponds to a minimum state of charge of the battery pack and the second threshold charge level corresponds to a maximum state of charge of the battery pack.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the battery capacity determination module is located remotely relative to the electric vehicle.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the initiating battery discharge step includes discharging the battery pack using at least one of a heater, a compressor, or an energy waste mode of the electric vehicle.

11. The system described in claim 10, wherein the battery capacity determination procedure uses an energy waste mode of the electric vehicle to discharge the battery pack based on a desired target associated with the battery capacity determination procedure, and the energy waste mode enables the battery pack of the electric vehicle to be discharged at a faster rate than before.

12. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the step of initiating battery discharging includes discharging the battery pack using a bidirectional power device, and the step of initiating battery charging includes charging the battery pack using the bidirectional power device.

13. 1. A computer-implemented method comprising: and executing, by a battery capacity determination module of the electric vehicle, a battery capacity determination procedure, the battery capacity determination procedure comprising: determining a current state of charge of the battery pack; initiating a battery discharge, the battery discharge discharging the battery pack until a state of charge associated with the battery pack reaches a first threshold charge level; estimating a first state of charge of the battery pack based at least on a first sensor reading associated with the battery pack; initiating battery charging, the battery charging charging the battery pack until the state of charge associated with the battery pack reaches a second threshold charge level; estimating a second state of charge of the battery pack based at least on a second sensor reading associated with the battery pack; generating a processing result associated with the battery pack based on at least the first state of charge and the second state of charge; The computer-implemented method, wherein the battery capacity determination procedure initiates charging of the battery before initiating discharging of the battery based on the current state of charge of the battery pack.

14. obtaining the battery capacity determination procedure from a battery charging vendor; obtaining a request from a user to determine the battery pack capacity; The computer-implemented method of claim 13 , wherein the battery capacity determination module performs the battery capacity determination procedure in response to receiving a request to determine a battery pack capacity.

15. determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached a first steady state; the battery capacity determination module determines that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the first steady state based on a timing-based criterion; 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13, wherein the battery capacity determination module estimates the first state of charge of the battery pack in response to determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the first steady state.

16. determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached a first steady state; the battery capacity determination module determines, based on a confidence metric, that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the first steady state; 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13, wherein the battery capacity determination module estimates the first state of charge of the battery pack in response to determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the first steady state.

17. 1. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising instructions executable by a battery capacity determination module of an electric vehicle, the instructions including a battery capacity determination procedure that, when executed by the battery capacity determination module, causes the battery capacity determination module to: Determine the current charge state of the battery pack, initiating a battery discharge, the battery discharge discharging the battery pack until a state of charge associated with the battery pack reaches a first threshold charge level; estimating a first state of charge of the battery pack; commencing battery charging, the battery charging charging the battery pack until the state of charge associated with the battery pack reaches a second threshold charge level; estimating a second state of charge of the battery pack; calculating a capacity of the battery pack based on at least the first state of charge and the second state of charge; One or more non-transitory computer-readable media, wherein the battery capacity determination procedure initiates charging of the battery before initiating discharging of the battery based on the current state of charge of the battery pack.

18. 18. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the battery capacity determination module to determine that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached a first steady state, and wherein the battery capacity determination module estimates the first state of charge of the battery pack in response to determining that the state of charge associated with the battery pack has reached the first steady state.

19. The instructions further include causing the battery capacity determination module to: adjusting one or more parameters of a battery management system (BMS) of the electric vehicle; generating a service alert associated with the battery pack; or 20. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 17, wherein the one or more non-transitory computer-readable media cause the computer to perform operations including one of the following: generating a warranty certificate associated with the battery pack.

20. The system of claim 1, wherein the first threshold charge level is adjusted based on a desired accuracy and a desired duration of the battery capacity determination procedure.

Images