Method for designing ventilation structure of building

Abstract

To provide a design method of a ventilation structure of a building capable of easily determining which of a natural ventilation structure and a mechanical ventilation structure is adopted as the ventilation structure provided on an upper part of a roof of the building.SOLUTION: A design method of a ventilation structure of a building comprises: a comparison step of comparing an analysis result of a predetermined ventilation performance by a building model (A) in which a natural ventilation structure as an upper natural ventilation structure is provided in an upper part of a roof of the building with an analysis result of the predetermined ventilation performance by a predetermined building model (B) in which a predetermined mechanical ventilation structure having a predetermined exhaust amount as a predetermined upper mechanical ventilation structure is provided in the upper part of the roof of the building instead of the upper natural ventilation structure; and a determination step of determining which of the upper natural ventilation structure and the upper mechanical ventilation structure is to be adopted as the ventilation structure of the building on the basis of a comparison result in the comparison step, wherein the comparison result in the comparison step is obtained by an analysis specifying an external environment including outside air temperature information, wind direction information, and wind speed information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for designing a ventilation structure for a building. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art There are known buildings in which a natural ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2000-170273 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] From the perspective of energy conservation and cost reduction, it is preferable to adopt a natural ventilation structure that utilizes the wind from outside and the temperature difference of the air, rather than a mechanical ventilation structure that forcibly ventilates the inside of a building using mechanical power such as a fan. However, it is difficult to decide whether to adopt a natural ventilation structure or a mechanical ventilation structure.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a ventilation structure for a building, which makes it easy to determine whether a natural ventilation structure or a mechanical ventilation structure should be adopted as a ventilation structure to be installed on the upper part of the roof of a building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is as follows.

[0007] [1] a comparison step of comparing an analysis result regarding a predetermined ventilation performance by a building model (A) in which a natural ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of a building as an upper natural ventilation structure with an analysis result regarding the above-mentioned predetermined ventilation performance by a predetermined building model (B) in which a predetermined mechanical ventilation structure having a predetermined exhaust volume is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building as a predetermined upper mechanical ventilation structure instead of the upper natural ventilation structure; a determination step of determining whether the upper natural ventilation structure or the upper mechanical ventilation structure should be adopted as the ventilation structure of the building based on a comparison result in the comparison step, A method for designing a ventilation structure for a building, wherein the comparison result in the comparison step is obtained by an analysis that specifies an external environment including outside temperature information, as well as wind direction information and wind speed information.

[0008] [2] The design method for a ventilation structure of a building described in [1], wherein the specified ventilation performance includes the ventilation volume of the building, the wind speed distribution within a specified horizontal cross section of the building space, or both.

[0009] [3] The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building described in [1] or [2], wherein the comparison results in the comparison step include a first comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a first condition in which the outside temperature information is a predetermined temperature, and the wind direction information and wind speed information are a predetermined wind direction and a predetermined wind speed, and a second comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a second condition in which the outside temperature information is the predetermined temperature, the wind direction information is the predetermined wind direction, and the wind speed information is not less than 0 m / s and is less than the predetermined wind speed.

[0010] [4] The design method of a ventilation structure for a building described in [3], wherein the first condition is set to be a typical example of summer, obtained based on measurement data of the external environment of the building, and the specified temperature, the specified wind direction, and the specified wind speed are set.

[0011] [5] The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building described in [3] or [4], wherein the comparison result in the comparison step includes a third comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a third condition in which the outside air temperature information is lower than the specified temperature, the wind direction information is the specified wind direction, and the wind speed information is 0 m / s or more and lower than the specified wind speed.

[0012] [6] The comparison step compares the analysis results regarding the ventilation performance of the building model (A) with the analysis results regarding the ventilation performance of a first building model (B) in which a first mechanical ventilation structure having a first exhaust volume as a first upper mechanical ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building instead of the upper natural ventilation structure, and with the analysis results regarding the ventilation performance of a second building model (B) in which a second mechanical ventilation structure having a second exhaust volume as a second upper mechanical ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building instead of the upper natural ventilation structure, A design method for a ventilation structure of a building described in any one of [1] to [5], wherein the judgment step determines which of the upper natural ventilation structure, the first upper mechanical ventilation structure, and the second upper mechanical ventilation structure should be adopted as the ventilation structure of the building based on the comparison result in the comparison step.

[0013] [7] The upper surface of the roof of the building model (A) is composed of a first inclined surface, a step portion and a second inclined surface, When viewed in a predetermined horizontal direction, the first inclined surface is inclined upward toward the right side, a right end portion of the first inclined surface is connected to an upper end portion of the step portion, a lower end portion of the step portion is connected to a left end portion of the second inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is inclined downward toward the right side, The design method for a ventilation structure for a building according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the step portion has a ventilation opening of the upper natural ventilation structure.

[0014] [8] The first inclined surface forms a first overhanging portion, The second inclined surface forms a second overhanging portion, The lower surface of the first eave portion has a ventilation opening of a natural ventilation structure, A design method for a ventilation structure of a building described in [7], wherein the underside of the second eave portion has a ventilation opening of a natural ventilation structure.

[0015] [9] The design method for a ventilation structure of a building described in [7] or [8], wherein the building is a factory having entrance and exit openings on both the left and right sides. Effect of the Invention

[0016] According to the present invention, a method for designing a ventilation structure for a building can be provided, which makes it easy to determine whether a natural ventilation structure or a mechanical ventilation structure should be adopted as a ventilation structure to be installed on the upper part of the roof of a building. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is an external perspective view of a building that is the design target in a design method for a ventilation structure for a building according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the building shown in FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a building model (A) corresponding to the building shown in FIG. 1, a first building model (B), and a second building model (B). FIG. [Figure 4] This is a conceptual diagram showing the air flow when the external environment is set as the first condition in an analysis using a building model (A), with the outside temperature information set to 35°C, the wind direction information set to east-northeast, and the wind speed information set to 2.7 m / s. [Diagram 5] 11 is an image showing wind speed distribution as an example of an analysis result by a building model (A), a first building model (B), and a second building model (B) when the external environment is set to a first condition. [Figure 6] 13 is an image showing wind speed distribution as an example of an analysis result by a building model (A), a first building model (B), and a second building model (B) when the external environment is set to a third condition. [Figure 7]11 is a table showing an example of a comparison result of analysis results by a building model (A), a first building model (B), and a second building model (B) when the external environment is set to first conditions, second conditions, and third conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0019] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for designing a ventilation structure for a building 1 includes a comparison step of comparing analysis results (see Figures 5 to 6) regarding a specified ventilation performance by a building model (A) M1 (see Figure 3) in which a natural ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof 2 of the building 1 (see Figures 1 to 2) as an upper natural ventilation structure 3 with analysis results (see Figures 5 to 6) regarding the above specified ventilation performance by a specified building model (B) M2 (see Figure 3) in which a specified mechanical ventilation structure having a specified exhaust volume is provided on the upper part of the roof 2 of the building 1 instead of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 as a specified upper mechanical ventilation structure 4, and a judgment step of determining whether to adopt the upper natural ventilation structure 3 or the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4 as the ventilation structure for the building 1 based on the comparison result in the comparison step (see Figure 7), and the comparison result in the comparison step is obtained by an analysis that identifies the external environment including outside temperature information as well as wind direction information and wind speed information.

[0020] According to the above configuration, in the comparison step, a highly accurate analysis result regarding the predetermined ventilation performance by the building model (A) M1 and the predetermined building model (B) M2 can be obtained by the analysis that specifies the external environment including the outside temperature information, the wind direction information, and the wind speed information. Therefore, in the judgment step, it is easy to judge whether to adopt the upper natural ventilation structure 3 or the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4. Therefore, it is easy to judge whether to adopt the natural ventilation structure or the mechanical ventilation structure as the ventilation structure to be provided on the upper part of the roof 2 of the building 1. Note that the external environment may include, for example, solar radiation in addition to the outside temperature information, the wind direction information, and the wind speed information. In this case, the configuration may be such that the presence or absence of solar radiation (see FIG. 7) is specified as the external environment. Note that FIG. 5 to FIG. 6 show the results of the analysis using a fluid / thermal / environment simulation software ("FlowDesigner" manufactured by Advanced Knowledge Research Institute Co., Ltd.). In addition to "FlowDesigner", "Grasshopper" or the like may be used. The conditions for obtaining the results of Figures 5 and 6 using FlowDesigner are as follows: In summer, the outdoor temperature is 35°C, and the solar radiation on the roof is 800W / m 2 , roofing material thermal transmittance is 3.8W / m 2 The temperature was set to 0.4°C, and during the intermediate season, the outside temperature information and solar radiation on the roof were not set. The wind direction and wind speed information were set to two conditions: a wind speed of 2.7 m / s from the east-northeast to the west-southwest, and no wind.

[0021] The predetermined ventilation performance includes the ventilation volume of the building 1, the wind speed distribution in a predetermined horizontal cross section of the building space, or both of them (see Figs. 5 to 7). When the predetermined ventilation performance includes the ventilation volume of the building 1, a highly accurate analysis result of the ventilation volume by the building model (A) M1 and the predetermined building model (B) M2 (see Figs. 5 to 7) can be obtained in the comparison step, so that it is easy to determine which of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 and the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4 should be adopted in the judgment step. In the example shown in Figs. 5 to 7, the ventilation volume of the building 1 correlates with the volume of air ventilated per hour, and is specifically indicated by a value obtained by dividing the volume by the volume of the building 1 (that is, specifically, it indicates how many times the volume of air of the building 1 is ventilated per hour). In addition, when the above-mentioned predetermined ventilation performance includes the wind speed distribution in a predetermined horizontal cross section of the building 1, the comparison step can obtain a highly accurate analysis result of the wind speed distribution by the building model (A) M1 and the above-mentioned predetermined building model (B) M2 (see Figs. 5-6), so that in the judgment step, it is easy to judge whether to adopt the upper natural ventilation structure 3 or the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4. By checking the wind speed distribution in the building 1, it is possible to confirm that an excessive wind speed that interferes with work, etc. is not occurring. Since it is preferable to obtain as much ventilation volume as possible within a range where there is no problem with the wind speed distribution in the building 1, it is preferable that the above-mentioned predetermined ventilation performance includes both the ventilation volume of the building 1 and the wind speed distribution in a predetermined horizontal cross section of the building 1. Note that the analysis results shown in Figs. 5-7 are obtained by "FlowDesigner" as described above, but equivalent analysis results can also be obtained by using an analysis tool such as "Grasshopper".

[0022] The comparison results in the comparison step include a first comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a first condition (see FIG. 7) in which the outside air temperature information is a predetermined temperature, and the wind direction information and wind speed information are a predetermined wind direction and a predetermined wind speed, and a second comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a second condition (see FIG. 7) in which the outside air temperature information is the predetermined temperature, the wind direction information is the predetermined wind direction, and the wind speed information is equal to or greater than 0 m / s and less than the predetermined wind speed. According to the above configuration, it is possible to obtain a comparison result assuming both a case in which a lot of wind is obtained and a case in which no wind or almost no wind is obtained when the outside air temperature information is a predetermined temperature, so that it is easy to determine whether to adopt the upper natural ventilation structure 3 or the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4.

[0023] The first condition is set to a predetermined temperature, a predetermined wind direction, and a predetermined wind speed that are typical of summer obtained based on the measurement data of the external environment of the building 1. According to the above configuration, by obtaining a comparison result assuming both a case where the external environment is set to a temperature, wind direction, and wind speed that are typical of summer when the outdoor air temperature information is highest throughout the year, and a case where no or almost no wind is obtained despite the same temperature, it is possible to evaluate the risk of hot spots occurring in the building 1, which can be a problem in summer, and therefore it is easy to determine whether to adopt the upper natural ventilation structure 3 or the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4. In this case, if the presence or absence of solar radiation is also specified as the external environment, it is preferable to set the first condition to "with solar radiation" (see FIG. 7), which further increases the risk of hot spots occurring.

[0024] The comparison result in the comparison step includes a third comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a third condition in which the outside air temperature information is less than the predetermined temperature, the wind direction information is the predetermined wind direction, and the wind speed information is 0 m / s or more and less than the predetermined wind speed. According to the above configuration, the comparison result can be obtained by the third condition in addition to the first and second conditions, so that it is easy to determine which of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 and the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4 should be adopted. In this case, for example, by obtaining a comparison result assuming that the external environment is a temperature that is a typical example in intermediate seasons excluding summer and winter, and that no or almost no wind is obtained, it is possible to confirm the ventilation amount of the building 1 under conditions in which it is difficult to obtain an updraft due to a temperature rise inside the building 1 caused by the outside air temperature, so that it is easy to determine which of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 and the upper mechanical ventilation structure 4 should be adopted. In this case, if the presence or absence of solar radiation is also specified as the external environment, it is preferable to set the third condition to "no solar radiation" (see FIG. 7), which makes it even more difficult to obtain an updraft.

[0025] The comparison step compares the analysis results of the building model (A) M1 with the analysis results of a first building model (B) M21 in which a first mechanical ventilation structure having a first exhaust volume is provided on the upper part of the roof 2 of the building 1 instead of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 as the first upper mechanical ventilation structure 4, and the analysis results of a second building model (B) M22 in which a second mechanical ventilation structure having a second exhaust volume is provided on the upper part of the roof 2 of the building 1 instead of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 as the second upper mechanical ventilation structure 4, and the judgment step judges which of the upper natural ventilation structure 3, the first upper mechanical ventilation structure 4, and the second upper mechanical ventilation structure 4 should be adopted as the ventilation structure of the building 1 based on the comparison result in the comparison step (see FIG. 7). According to the above configuration, it is easy to judge which of the natural ventilation structure, the first mechanical ventilation structure, and the second mechanical ventilation structure should be adopted as the ventilation structure to be provided on the upper part of the roof 2 of the building 1. FIG. 7 is a table showing an example of a comparison result of the analysis results by the building model (A) M1, the first building model (B) M21, and the second building model (B) M22 when the external environment is set to the first condition, the second condition, and the third condition. FIG. 7 also shows a comparison result by the fourth condition, which is a condition in which only the wind speed information is changed to be the same as that of the first condition, with respect to the third condition. In each condition, the case in which the most excellent ventilation volume was obtained is indicated by "A", and the case in which the second most excellent ventilation volume after "A" was obtained is indicated by "B". In the example shown in FIG. 7, the building model (A) M1 having the upper natural ventilation structure 3 is evaluated as "A" under both the first and second conditions corresponding to the summer season, and is also evaluated as "B" under the third condition of no wind in the intermediate season, specifically, the ventilation rate is 0.77 times. This exceeds the ventilation rate of 0.5 times, which is considered to be the minimum ventilation volume required in practical use.

[0026] The upper surface of the roof 2 of the building model (A) M1 is composed of a first inclined surface 2a, a step portion 2b, and a second inclined surface 2c. When viewed in a predetermined horizontal direction, the first inclined surface 2a is inclined upward toward the right side, the right end of the first inclined surface 2a is connected to the upper end of the step portion 2b, the lower end of the step portion 2b is connected to the left end of the second inclined surface 2c, the second inclined surface 2c is inclined downward toward the right side, and the step portion 2b has a ventilation opening 2b1 of the upper natural ventilation structure 3. According to the above configuration, efficient ventilation by the upper natural ventilation structure 3 can be realized by utilizing the rising air current caused by the temperature rise inside the building 1 due to the outside air temperature. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the vertical width H of the ventilation opening 2b1 of the upper natural ventilation structure 3 provided in the step portion 2b is set to 1 m, the first mechanical ventilation structure is composed of 6 predetermined roof fans, and the second mechanical ventilation structure is composed of 15 predetermined roof fans.

[0027] The first inclined surface 2a forms the first eaves portion 2d, the second inclined surface 2c forms the second eaves portion 2e, the underside of the first eaves portion 2d has a ventilation opening 2d1 of a natural ventilation structure, and the underside of the second eaves portion 2e has a ventilation opening 2e1 of a natural ventilation structure. According to the above configuration, efficient ventilation can be achieved by utilizing the ventilation opening 2d1 of the natural ventilation structure provided on the underside of the first eaves portion 2d and the ventilation opening 2e1 of the natural ventilation structure provided on the underside of the second eaves portion 2e.

[0028] The building 1 is a factory having entrance openings 5 ​​on both the left and right sides. According to the above configuration, efficient ventilation can be achieved by utilizing the entrance openings 5 ​​of a truck yard or the like.

[0029] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0030] 1. Building 2. Roof 2a 1st slope 2b Step 2b1 Ventilation vent 2c 2nd slope 2d 1st eaves 2d1 Ventilation vent 2e 2nd eave part 2e1 Ventilation vent 3. Upper natural ventilation structure 4. Upper mechanical ventilation structure 5 Entrance opening H width M1 Building Model (A) M2 Building Model (B) M21 First Building Model (B) M22 Second Building Model (B)

Claims

1. a comparison step of comparing an analysis result regarding a predetermined ventilation performance by a building model (A) in which a natural ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of a building as an upper natural ventilation structure with an analysis result regarding the above-mentioned predetermined ventilation performance by a predetermined building model (B) in which a predetermined mechanical ventilation structure having a predetermined exhaust volume is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building as a predetermined upper mechanical ventilation structure instead of the upper natural ventilation structure; a determination step of determining whether the upper natural ventilation structure or the upper mechanical ventilation structure should be adopted as the ventilation structure of the building based on a comparison result in the comparison step, A method for designing a ventilation structure for a building, wherein the comparison result in the comparison step is obtained by an analysis that specifies an external environment including outside temperature information, as well as wind direction information and wind speed information.

2. The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined ventilation performance includes a ventilation volume of the building, a wind speed distribution within a predetermined horizontal cross section of the building space, or both of these.

3. 2. The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the comparison results in the comparison step include a first comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a first condition in which the outside air temperature information is a predetermined temperature, and the wind direction information and wind speed information are a predetermined wind direction and a predetermined wind speed, and a second comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a second condition in which the outside air temperature information is the predetermined temperature, the wind direction information is the predetermined wind direction, and the wind speed information is equal to or greater than 0 m / s and less than the predetermined wind speed.

4. 4. The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building according to claim 3, wherein the first condition is set so that the specified temperature, the specified wind direction, and the specified wind speed are typical of summer conditions obtained based on measurement data of the external environment of the building.

5. 4. The design method for a ventilation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein the comparison result in the comparison step includes a third comparison result obtained by an analysis in which the external environment is set to a third condition in which the outside air temperature information is lower than the specified temperature, the wind direction information is the specified wind direction, and the wind speed information is equal to or higher than 0 m / s and lower than the specified wind speed.

6. The comparison step compares the analysis results regarding the ventilation performance by the building model (A) with the analysis results regarding the ventilation performance by a first building model (B) in which a first mechanical ventilation structure having a first exhaust volume as a first upper mechanical ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building instead of the upper natural ventilation structure, and with the analysis results regarding the ventilation performance by a second building model (B) in which a second mechanical ventilation structure having a second exhaust volume as a second upper mechanical ventilation structure is provided on the upper part of the roof of the building instead of the upper natural ventilation structure, 2. The design method for a ventilation structure of a building as described in claim 1, wherein the judgment step determines whether to adopt the upper natural ventilation structure, the first upper mechanical ventilation structure, or the second upper mechanical ventilation structure as the ventilation structure of the building based on the comparison result in the comparison step.

7. The upper surface of the roof of the building model (A) includes a first inclined surface, a step portion, and a second inclined surface, When viewed in a predetermined horizontal direction, the first inclined surface is inclined upward toward the right side, a right end portion of the first inclined surface is connected to an upper end portion of the step portion, a lower end portion of the step portion is connected to a left end portion of the second inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is inclined downward toward the right side, The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1 , wherein the step portion has a ventilation opening of the upper natural ventilation structure.

8. The first inclined surface forms a first overhanging portion, The second inclined surface forms a second overhanging portion, The lower surface of the first eave portion has a ventilation opening having a natural ventilation structure, The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building according to claim 7, wherein the underside of the second eave portion has a ventilation opening for a natural ventilation structure.

9. The method for designing a ventilation structure for a building according to claim 7, wherein the building is a factory having entrance openings on both the left and right sides.

Images