Fluid treatment vessels

Abstract

To provide fluid treatment vessels.SOLUTION: A fluid treatment apparatus comprises: a tank comprising a bed of at least one fluid treatment medium; a distributor plate separating the bed from an end portion of the tank; and an inert medium comprising amorphous particles having a harmonic mean diameter from 2.5 to 250 mm and a density from 0.57 to 0.998 cm3 / g. The volume of the end portion containing the inert medium is from 25 to 95% of the total volume of the end portion.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates generally to a method for reducing the effects of dilution in a fluid processing vessel. [Background technology]

[0002] When the ion exchange resin is exhausted, it is regenerated with a chemical solution. The amount of regeneration liquid depends in part on the concentration of the liquid. The presence of free water in the vessel adversely affects the effectiveness of the regeneration, leading to a lower operating capacity, an increased consumption of chemicals, and an increased amount of waste. For example, US Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0263069 discloses the use of packing materials in the ends of the vessel, i.e., those parts that do not contain the fluid treatment medium. However, this document does not disclose an efficient method. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0003] The present invention relates to (a) a tank containing at least one bed of a fluid treatment medium; (b) a distribution plate separating the bed from the end of the tank; (c) Harmonic mean diameters of 2.5 to 250 mm and 0.57 to 0.998 cm 3 and at least one inert medium comprising amorphous particles having a density of 1000 nm to 1500 nm / g, wherein the volume of the end portion comprising the inert medium is 25-95% of the total volume of the end portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0004] All percentages are weight percent (wt%) and all temperatures are in °C unless otherwise stated. Averages are arithmetic means unless otherwise stated. All operations are performed at room temperature (18 and 25 °C) unless otherwise stated. Weight average molecular weight, Mw, is measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polyacrylic acid standards as known in the art. The GPC technique is explained in detail in Modern Size Exclusion Chromatography, W Yau, J J Kirkland, D D Ly; Wiley-Interscience, 1979, and A Guide to Materials Characterization and Chemical Analysis, J P Sibilia; VCH, 1988, p. 81-84. Molecular weights reported herein are in units of Daltons. The percentage of monomer units in a polymer is based on the total weight (dry weight) of the polymer. The "harmonic mean diameter" (HMD) is calculated according to the following formula:

number

[0005] The volume of the end containing the inert medium is defined by the upper boundary of the inert medium at rest. For example, if a plane is defined that contacts all of the uppermost particles of the inert medium, i.e., a plane that defines the upper surface of the inert medium, the volume of the end below this plane is the volume of the end containing the inert medium. For clarity, this is not the total volume of the particles themselves. Preferably, the volume of the lower end containing the inert medium is at least 30%, preferably at least 35%, preferably at least 40%, preferably at least 45%, preferably at least 50%, preferably 90% or less, preferably 85% or less of the volume of the lower end.

[0006] Preferably, the amorphous particles have an average sphericity of 0.7 to 1.0 and an average circularity of 0.4 to 1.0. Preferably, the average sphericity is at least 0.75, preferably at least 0.80, preferably 0.95 or less, preferably 0.92 or less, preferably 0.90 or less. Preferably, the average circularity is at least 0.45, preferably at least 0.50, preferably at least 0.55, preferably 0.95 or less, preferably 0.90 or less, preferably 0.85 or less, preferably 0.80 or less, preferably 0.75 or less, preferably 0.70 or less. Preferably, the average sphericity and the average circularity are both 0.95 or less, preferably 0.90 or less.

[0007] Preferably, the amorphous particles have a harmonic mean diameter of 150 mm or less, preferably 100 mm or less, preferably 50 mm or less, preferably 25 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or less, preferably 6 mm or less.

[0008] Preferably, the amorphous particles are at least 0.60 cm 3 / g, preferably at least 0.65 cm 3 / g, preferably at least 0.70 cm 3 / g, preferably at least 0.75 cm 3 / g, preferably at least 0.80 cm 3 / g, preferably at least 0.85 cm 3Preferably, the amorphous particles have a density of 0.997 cm 3 / g or less, preferably 0.996 cm 3 / g or less.

[0009] Typical ends of tanks used in fluid processing (also known as dish heads) include, for example, Kloepper heads, elliptical heads, and spheroidal heads. Typically, the dish head water volume is 15-35% of the installed resin volume in the main portion of the tank, and the dish head water volume is 40-100% of the void water of the resin in the main compartment. Preferably, the main portion of the tank is cylindrical.

[0010] At the edge of the spheroid, the reduction in interstitial water due to the presence of inert material at the edge is calculated as follows: Vs = spheroid compartment volume Vsx' = Xml remaining free water in the spheroid after (partial) filling with IF62 (ml) Filling of the spheroid volume without hollow spaces by filling Xml with Sx=IF62(ml). X=Inert filling (ml) Fw=free water (%) Vsx' = Vs - (X * Fw) Sx = Vs - Vsx'

[0011] Preferably, the fluid treatment medium in the main (middle) compartment of the tank is an ion exchange resin, activated carbon, an adsorbent, a non-functionalized copolymer, or a zeolite. Preferably, the fluid treatment medium is an ion exchange resin, preferably in the form of spherical beads. Preferably, the beads are crosslinked polymer beads. Depending on the technology applied: Co-flow systems have fill rates of 10-60%. Countercurrent systems: Hard packed bed: 85% to 97.5% filled Blocked bed 25-60% filled Mixed beds 25-60% filled.

[0012] The inert fill in the main compartment (cylinder) depends on the system technology and is either a fixed value ranging from 10-12cm for Amberpack / Schwebebett, or a range of heights depending on the diameter of the container, typically 1000mm: <150mm, 2500: <200mm and all others 2500: >300mm, or 15-25cm as a blocking layer in air-suppressed blocked bed systems. EXAMPLES

[0013] The equipment used in this example was as follows: - Two PVC columns in parallel for comparison, with an outer diameter of 6 cm and a column height of 1000 mm Upper and lower compartments with wall height of 160 mm with nozzle plate. The compartments represent the net volume Vs=350 ml at the head of the vessel spheroid dish, the compartments are physically separated from the resin column by the nozzle plate to hold the packing. Measuring device: 8 tachometers, Two pressure gauges Other equipment: 2 water tanks (1m3), 2 chemical tanks (30% sodium hydroxide, 37% hydrochloric acid), 4 pumps (2 supply, 2 dose), Two conductivity meters.

[0014] [This is not a commercial product, so it is necessary to explain how the PE particles are made]

[0015] [Table 1]

[0016] Example 1: Tests with upper and / or lower compartments filled

[0017] [Table 2]

[0018] [Table 3]

[0019] [Table 4]

[0020] result

[0021] [Table 5]

[0022] [Cations] (equivalents / liter) = total cation concentration obtained from the feed water analysis. ·VT=Treatment capacity (liters): the total volume of water treated at the resin breakthrough point. VR = Volume of filled resin (liters)

number

[0023] The fast rinse volume to reach 10 μS / cm is improved from 2.06 to 1.41 bed volumes.

[0024] Example 2: Testing the incremental filling of the lower compartment The operating conditions and loading in the main compartment were the same as in Example 1.

[0025] result operating capacity

[0026] [Table 6]

[0027] Displacement (BV)

[0028] [Table 7]

[0029] Displacement performance is substantially independent of the percentage of the compartment that contains packing.

Claims

1. (a) a tank containing at least one bed of a fluid treatment medium; (b) a distribution plate separating the bed from an end of the tank; (c) harmonic mean diameters between 2.5 and 250 mm and between 0.57 and 0.998 cm ３ at least one inert medium comprising amorphous particles having a density of 100 / g; A fluid treatment device comprising: A fluid treatment device wherein the volume of said end containing inert medium is 25-95% of the volume of said end.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous particles have an average sphericity of 0.7 to 1 and an average circularity of 0.4 to 1.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the volume of the end portion containing the inert medium is between 30 and 90% of the volume of the end portion.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the harmonic mean diameter is between 2.5 and 100 mm.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the amorphous particles have an average sphericity of 0.7 to 0.95 and an average circularity of 0.45 to 0.

95.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the fluid treatment medium is an ion exchange resin.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the volume of the lower end containing the inert medium is between 40 and 90% of the volume of said lower end.

Images