Junction structure and junction method of segment, and washer for occluding long hole gap of segment

Abstract

To provide junction structure and a junction method of a segment that allow tolerance of an axial direction and circumferential direction of a tunnel to be absorbed and can sufficiently transmit shear force between rings in the axial direction, and a washer for occluding a long hole gap of the segment applied to the junction structure and the junction method.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to junction structure 70 of a segment that forms a tunnel by joining joint plates 27, 27A of a first segment 20C and a second segment 20B adjacent to each other. Bolt holes 27c, 27d are provided in the joint plates 27, 27A, and at least one bolt hole 27d is a long hole. A first washer 30 comprising a first through hole 34 lies between the joint plate 27A and a bolt head 51. A gap without a bolt hole 50 in the long hole 27d is occluded with a filling material 40. The first washer 30 also comprises a second through hole 36 extending in a depthwise direction and with the filling material 40 injected therein, and a conduction hole 37 conducting the second through hole 36 and the long hole 27d.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a segment joining structure and joining method, and a washer for closing gaps in long holes of segments. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, when constructing road tunnels in urban areas where soft ground is prevalent, open cut construction methods are generally used, but open cut construction methods have inherent issues such as noise and vibration during construction and traffic restrictions. In addition, since the space under roads in urban areas is congested with buried objects such as multiple subways and utility tunnels, the installation depth of new tunnels tends to be deep, and deepening the installation depth directly leads to increased construction costs. Against this background, the number of cases in which the shield method is used for the construction of road tunnels is increasing. In the construction of general road tunnels, for example, it is sufficient to construct a main line tunnel with a circular cross section by excavating it with one shield machine. On the other hand, the construction of a junction section of a road tunnel requires extremely large-scale underground widening to include the cross sections of the main line tunnel and the ramp tunnel, and various ingenuity is required for the construction method. As an example of a construction method, a pre-support structure is constructed by bridging a circular or linear pipe roof between two tunnels, a main tunnel and a ramp tunnel. After constructing this pre-support structure, the inside of the tunnel is supported by the shoring structure, and a part of the tunnel is removed while excavating directly below the upper pipe roof, forming a large cross-sectional space, for example, a multiple circular arc shape. Then, in the large cross-sectional space thus formed, structures such as the above-mentioned road tunnel junctions can be constructed. In this way, a tunnel that connects two adjacent tunnels, such as a main line tunnel and a ramp tunnel, can be called a cut tunnel or a cut-widening tunnel, and the segments used in this cut tunnel can be called cut segments or cut-widening segments. Hereinafter, "cut" and "cut-widening" will be treated as synonyms.

[0003] Since the construction of the cut tunnel is carried out after the construction of the two adjacent shield tunnels and on-site surveying, the joint structures (segment joint structures or ring joint structures) between the cut segments that are joined to each other in the axial direction (tunnel axis direction) and circumferential direction of the cut tunnel need to absorb both the surveying errors that may arise from this surveying and the manufacturing errors that may occur during construction. Furthermore, the joint structure (ring joint structure) between the cut tunnel segments in the tunnel axis direction is required to have a structure that can sufficiently transmit the shear force between the rings.

[0004] In view of the above, what is needed is a segment joining structure and joining method for a cut tunnel that can absorb errors in the tunnel axial direction and / or circumferential direction and can sufficiently transmit the shear force between the rings in the tunnel axial direction.

[0005] Here, Patent Document 1 proposes a K segment, a B segment, a cut tunnel, and a construction method thereof. In this cut tunnel, the ring joints of the K segments that form each segment ring are provided with ring joint bolt holes that are elongated holes, and bolts are inserted into the corresponding elongated holes of both adjacent K segments to connect them, so that the segment rings are connected to each other while absorbing construction errors. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-80676 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The K-segments and B-segments, cut tunnel, and construction method thereof described in Patent Document 1 can absorb errors in the tunnel axial direction and circumferential direction in a cut tunnel. However, in a structure in which bolts are inserted into corresponding long holes of K-segments adjacent to each other in the tunnel axial direction to join them, for example, gaps remain in some of the long holes, which may leave room for improvement in the transmission performance of shear force between rings.

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a segment joining structure and joining method that can absorb errors in the tunnel axial direction and / or circumferential direction and can sufficiently transmit the shear force between rings in the tunnel axial direction, as well as a washer for blocking gaps in long holes of segments that is applied to this joining structure and joining method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the segment joint structure according to the present invention is to A segment joint structure in which a tunnel is formed by joining the joint plates of a first segment and a second segment adjacent to each other, Bolt holes are provided at corresponding positions of both of the joining plates, and at least one of the bolt holes is an elongated hole; A first washer is interposed between the joining plate having the long hole and the head or nut of the bolt, the first washer having a first through hole extending in a thickness direction thereof and through which the bolt passes, In the long hole, a gap where the bolt does not exist is blocked with a filler, The first washer is characterized in that it further includes a second through hole extending in the thickness direction and into which the filler is injected, and a through hole connecting the second through hole and the long hole.

[0010] According to this embodiment, at least one of the bolt holes at corresponding positions on the joining plates of both adjacent first and second segments is a long hole, and bolts are inserted into both bolt holes to join the segments, resulting in a segment joining structure that can absorb errors including surveying errors, construction errors, and segment manufacturing errors. Furthermore, a first washer is interposed between the connecting plate having a long hole and the head of the bolt or the nut, and this first washer has a second through hole into which the filler material is injected and a through hole that connects the second through hole and the long hole, and the filler material injected through these through hole and through hole blocks the gap in the long hole, resulting in a segment connecting structure that can sufficiently transmit the shear force between the rings in the tunnel axial direction.

[0011] Here, the first and second segments may be segments including, for example, two K segments (segments to be installed last) adjacent to each other in the tunnel axis direction via a ring joint, or may be a K segment adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction via a segment joint and a B segment on one side of the K segment. In the former case, in addition to the effect of absorbing errors, the effect of sufficiently transmitting shear forces between the rings is achieved.

[0012] In addition, "at least one of the bolt holes in corresponding positions of the joining plates of both the first segment and the second segment is a long hole" includes a configuration in which one is a long hole and the other is a bolt hole approximately the same size as the bolt diameter, and a configuration in which both are long holes. In the latter embodiment, a first washer may be provided for both joining plates, or a first washer may be provided on the side of the long hole of one joining plate, and a washer (hereinafter referred to as a second washer) that only closes the long hole from the side may be provided on the side of the long hole of the other joining plate. Also, the joining plates of both the first and second segments may have one or more corresponding positions, and when there are multiple corresponding positions, a unique first washer is provided at each corresponding position.

[0013] Furthermore, "the first washer is interposed between the joining plate having the elongated hole and the head of the bolt or the nut" means, for example, in a configuration in which only the first segment has the elongated hole, when the bolt is inserted from the elongated hole side of the first segment toward the bolt hole of the second segment, the first washer is interposed between the head of the bolt and the first segment. On the other hand, when the bolt is inserted from the bolt hole side of the second segment, the tip of the bolt that has been further inserted through the elongated hole of the first segment and the first through hole of the first washer is tightened by the nut, so the first washer is interposed between the nut and the first segment. In this way, when both the first segment and the second segment have a long hole, when only one of them has a long hole, and depending on the direction in which the bolt is inserted, the first washer will be interposed between the head or nut of the bolt and the first segment or the second segment, resulting in various variations. The joint plate is formed by a joint plate or a main girder provided at the end of the segment, and a filler such as non-shrink mortar can be used as the filling material.

[0014] In another embodiment of the segment joint structure according to the present invention, The first washer is characterized in that it further includes a seat bore groove having a larger diameter than the first through hole around the first through hole on a contact surface that contacts the joining plate.

[0015] According to the present embodiment, the first washer further has a seat groove having a larger diameter than the first through hole around the first through hole on the contact surface that contacts the joining plate, so that the filler can be effectively filled into the gap of the long hole even if the filler is a highly viscous filling material.

[0016] In another embodiment of the segment joint structure according to the present invention, The first washer is characterized in that it further includes an air vent hole communicating with the elongated hole on a contact surface that contacts the joining plate.

[0017] According to this aspect, the first washer further has an air vent hole communicating with the long hole in the contact surface that contacts the joining plate, so that when the filler is filled into the gap, the air that was present in the gap is vented, and the gap can be sufficiently filled with the filler. Furthermore, when it is visually confirmed that the filler that has completely filled the gap is discharged from the air vent hole, it is possible to confirm that the gap has been completely filled with the filler, which is preferable.

[0018] Another aspect of the segment joint structure according to the present invention is as follows: When both of the joining plates have the long hole, The first washer is interposed between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, or The present invention is characterized in that the first washer is interposed on one side between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, and a second washer having only the first through hole and blocking the long hole from the side is interposed on the other side.

[0019] According to this aspect, when the joining plates of both the first segment and the second segment both have long holes, a first washer is interposed between both joining plates and the bolt head and / or nut, thereby forming a joining structure of the segments in which the gaps between both long holes are reliably filled with filler. On the other hand, by having a first washer interposed between one of the joining plates and the head and / or nut of the bolt, and a second washer which has only a first through hole and blocks the long hole from the side, the use of the second washer which requires less production effort than the first washer makes it possible to form a segment joining structure in which both long holes are effectively filled with filler while reducing construction costs as much as possible.

[0020] Another aspect of the segment joint structure according to the present invention is as follows: When only one of the joining plates has the long hole, The joining plate not having the long hole has The head of the bolt or the nut, which has not been previously welded, is in contact, or The nut is pre-fixed by a welded joint, or and a bolt hole which is a screw groove into which the bolt screws.

[0021] According to this aspect, when only one of the joining plates of the first segment or the second segment has a long hole, in a configuration in which a nut is not pre-fixed to the joining plate that does not have a long hole, both segments are joined by normal nut tightening, in a configuration in which the nut is pre-welded, both segments are joined by screwing the tip of a bolt into the nut, and in a configuration in which the other joining plate has a bolt hole which is a screw groove inside its thickness, both segments are joined by screwing the tip of a bolt into the screw groove, thereby allowing the formation of various types of segment joining structures.

[0022] In another embodiment of the segment joint structure according to the present invention, The first segment and the second segment are two K segments adjacent to each other in the axial direction via a ring joint in a cut tunnel connecting two parallel tunnels, or a K segment and a B segment adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction via a segment joint, The joint plate is a joint plate and / or a main girder that forms the ring joint or the segment joint, The long hole is characterized in that it is long in the radial direction or approximately in the radial direction of the K segment or the B segment.

[0023] According to this aspect, the first segment and the second segment are two K segments adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the cut tunnel via a ring joint, or a K segment and a B segment adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the cut tunnel via a segment joint, and since the long holes are long in the radial or approximately radial direction of the K segment and B segment, a segment joint structure can be formed that can sufficiently transmit the inter-ring shear force in the tunnel axial direction while absorbing errors between the segments in the cut tunnel. Here, "the long hole is long in the radial direction or approximately in the radial direction of the segment" means that the long hole is not only literally long in the radial direction of the segment, but also long in a direction shifted from the radial direction, for example, within a range of about 20 degrees to the left or right.

[0024] At least one of the segment joint surfaces of the K segment may be a tapered surface that is inclined in the radial direction, and the radial height of the K segment may be higher than the B segments on the left and right of the K segment in the circumferential direction of the incised tunnel. In this embodiment, the K segment has a long hole, and the radial height of the K segment is relatively higher than that of the B segments, which allows the K segment to be joined to the left and right B segments while absorbing errors. The last K segment can also be called an error adjustment segment or an error absorbing segment.

[0025] In addition, one aspect of the segment joining method according to the present invention includes the steps of: A segment joining method for forming a tunnel by joining joint plates of a first segment and a second segment adjacent to each other, comprising the steps of: Bolt holes are provided at corresponding positions of both of the joining plates, and at least one of the bolt holes is an elongated hole; A step A includes inserting a bolt from one side of the bolt holes communicating with each other and tightening the bolt with a nut on the other side or screwing the bolt into the threaded groove on the other side, and at this time, a first washer having a first through hole extending in the thickness direction and through which the bolt passes is interposed between the head of the bolt or the nut and the joining plate having the long hole, to form a gap in the long hole where the bolt does not exist; The first washer further includes a second through hole extending in the thickness direction and into which a filler material is injected, and a through hole connecting the second through hole and the long hole, and includes a step B of injecting the filler material through the second through hole and filling the gap with the filler material through the through hole to close the gap.

[0026] According to this aspect, at least one of the bolt holes at corresponding positions in the joint plates of the first and second segments adjacent to each other is an elongated hole, and bolts are inserted into both bolt holes to join the segments, thereby forming a joint structure of segments that can absorb errors including surveying errors and manufacturing errors of the segments. Furthermore, by interposing a first washer between the joint plate having the elongated hole and the head or nut of the bolt, and this first washer has a second through hole into which the filler is injected and a through hole that connects the second through hole and the elongated hole, and filling the gap of the elongated hole with the filler injected through the second through hole through the through hole to close the gap, a joint structure of segments that can sufficiently transmit the shear force between the rings in the tunnel axial direction can be formed.

[0027] Another aspect of the segment joining method according to the present invention is to When both of the joining plates have the long hole, In the step A, The first washer is interposed between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, or The method is characterized in that the first washer is interposed on one side between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, and a second washer having only the first through hole and blocking the long hole from the side is interposed on the other side.

[0028] According to this aspect, when both the joining plates of the first segment and the second segment have long holes, by interposing the first washers between both the joining plates and the bolt head and / or nut, the gaps of both long holes can be reliably filled with the filler. On the other hand, by interposing the first washer between one joining plate and the bolt head and / or nut and interposing the second washer having only the first through hole and closing the long hole from its side on the other, the use of the second washer, which requires less manufacturing effort than the first washer, makes it possible to effectively fill both long holes with the filler while reducing construction costs as much as possible.

[0029] Another aspect of the segment joining method according to the present invention is to When only one of the joining plates has the long hole, In the step A, The first washer is brought into contact with the joining plate having the long hole, and the bolt is inserted into the first through hole of the first washer; A nut is brought into contact with the other joining plate and the plate is bolted to the other joining plate, or The nut is previously fixed to the other joining plate by welding, and the nut is bolted to the other joining plate, or and screwing a bolt into a bolt hole, which is a screw groove, of the other joining plate.

[0030] According to this aspect, when only one of the joining plates of the first segment and the second segment has a long hole, in a configuration in which a nut is not pre-fixed to the joining plate that does not have a long hole, the two segments are joined by normal nut tightening, in a configuration in which the nut is pre-welded, the two segments are joined by screwing the tip of a bolt into the nut, and in a configuration in which the other joining plate has a bolt hole which is a screw groove inside its thickness, the two segments are joined by screwing the tip of a bolt into the screw groove, thereby allowing various types of segment joining structures to be formed.

[0031] In addition, one aspect of the segment gap blocking washer according to the present invention is as follows: In a segment joining structure in which a tunnel is formed by joining the joining plates of adjacent first and second segments, and at least one of the bolt holes provided at corresponding positions in both joining plates is an elongated hole into which a bolt is inserted from one side and which is fastened by a nut on the other side or which is screwed into a screw groove on the other side, a gap closing washer for a segment elongated hole is applied between a head of the bolt or the nut and the joining plate having the elongated hole to close a gap in the elongated hole where the bolt is not present with a filler, A first through hole extending in the thickness direction and through which the bolt passes; A second through hole extending in the thickness direction and into which the filler is injected; The insulating film is characterized by comprising a conductive hole that connects the second through hole and the long hole.

[0032] According to this aspect, a joining plate having a long hole is interposed between the bolt head or nut and is provided with a first through hole through which the bolt passes, a second through hole into which filler material is injected, and a conductive hole connecting the second through hole and the long hole, and by injecting the filler material through the second through hole and filling the gap in the long hole with the filler material through the conductive hole, the gap in the long hole is blocked with the filler material, thereby contributing to the formation of a segment joining structure that can sufficiently transmit the shear force between the rings in the tunnel axial direction. Here, the slotted hole gap blocking washer of this embodiment corresponds to the first washer in the segment joining structure and joining method of the present invention.

[0033] Another aspect of the gap blocking washer for a long hole of a segment according to the present invention is as follows: The contact surface that contacts the joining plate is further provided with a countersink groove having a larger diameter than the first through hole around the first through hole.

[0034] According to the present embodiment, the first washer further has a seat groove having a larger diameter than the first through hole around the first through hole on the contact surface that contacts the joining plate, so that the filler can be effectively filled into the gap of the long hole even if the filler is a highly viscous filling material.

[0035] In another aspect of the gap closing washer for a slotted hole of a segment according to the present invention, The first washer is characterized in that it further includes an air vent hole communicating with the elongated hole on a contact surface that contacts the joining plate.

[0036] According to this aspect, the first washer further has an air vent hole communicating with the long hole on the contact surface that contacts the joining plate, so that when the filler is filled into the gap, the air that was present in the gap is vented, and the gap can be sufficiently filled with the filler. Furthermore, when it is visually confirmed that the filler that has completely filled the gap is discharged from the air vent hole, it can be confirmed that the gap has been completely filled with the filler. Effect of the Invention

[0037] The segment joining structure and joining method, and the segment long hole gap blocking washer of the present invention make it possible to form a segment joining structure that can absorb errors in the tunnel axial direction and / or circumferential direction and can sufficiently transmit shear force between rings in the tunnel axial direction. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0038] [Figure 1] This is a vertical cross-sectional view explaining the construction method and permanent structure of a junction and branching section of a road tunnel. [Diagram 2] This is a front view of an example of a K segment, which forms the segment joint structure, viewed from the main girder side. [Diagram 3] 3 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow III in FIG. 2, and is a side view of an example of a K segment as viewed from the segment joint side. [Figure 4]FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of a joining structure of segments according to an embodiment, illustrating a joining structure in which a K segment and a B segment arranged in the circumferential direction are joined via a segment joint. [Figure 5A] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an example of a slotted gap blocking washer of a segment according to an embodiment, as viewed from a non-contact surface side that does not contact a joining plate. [Figure 5B] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of a washer for closing a gap in a long hole of a segment according to an embodiment, as viewed from the side of the contact surface that contacts a joining plate. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of a joining structure of segments according to an embodiment, showing a joining structure in which two axially arranged K segments are joined via a ring joint. [Figure 7A] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a specimen for a mortar filling confirmation test. [Figure 7B] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a specimen for a mortar filling property confirmation test. [Figure 7C] FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a specimen for a mortar filling property confirmation test. [Figure 8A] FIG. 2 is a side view of a joint shear test specimen of the embodiment. [Figure 8B] 8B is a view taken in the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 8A, and is a front view of a joint shear test specimen of the embodiment. [Figure 9] 1 is a graph showing the results of a joint shear test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0039] Hereinafter, a joining structure and joining method for a segment, and a gap blocking washer for a segment according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and the drawings, substantially the same components are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description.

[0040] [Segment joining structure and joining method according to the embodiment, and segment long hole gap closing washer] First, the structure of a road tunnel branching and merging section to which the segment joining structure and joining method according to the embodiment are applied will be described together with its construction method with reference to Fig. 1. Here, Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view for explaining the construction method and permanent structure of a road tunnel branching and merging section.

[0041] In the construction method of the branching and merging section of the road tunnel, first, a relatively small cross-section ramp tunnel 10A and a relatively large cross-section main line tunnel 10B are constructed in parallel with a gap in the ground. Both the main line tunnel 10B and the ramp tunnel 10A are constructed by the shield construction method, and a plurality of segments 20 are connected in the ring direction (circumferential direction) to form a segment ring, and a tunnel (shielded tunnel) with a predetermined length is formed by connecting a plurality of segment rings in the axial direction (extension direction) of the tunnel. Each segment 20 has a plurality of curved main girders 21 extending in the circumferential direction, a skin plate 24 welded to the outer circumferential surface of the main girders 21, a joint plate 22 welded to the main girders 21 and the skin plate 24 at the circumferential end of the main girders 21, and a vertical rib 23 that connects the main girders 21 to each other and reinforces the segments 20.

[0042] After the ramp tunnel 10A and the main line tunnel 10B are constructed, a support pillar (vertical support) (not shown) is constructed in each tunnel, which extends vertically from the intersection point with the pipe roof 10D as a starting point, and the pipe roof 10D is laid between the ramp tunnel 10A and the main line tunnel 10B above the two tunnels. The pipe roof 10D is extended with a curved linear shape from the ramp tunnel 10A as the starting tunnel to just before the main line tunnel 10B, which is the destination tunnel, while the steel pipe 15 is advanced in sequence. The ramp tunnel 10A may be the destination tunnel, and the main line tunnel 10B may be the starting tunnel. A linear pipe roof may also be constructed. The lower pipe roof 10D shown by the dashed line is also constructed as necessary below the ramp tunnel 10A and the main line tunnel 10B. Then, below the ramp tunnel 10A and the main line tunnel 10B, a preliminary temporary lower support (not shown) is installed spanning both tunnels.

[0043] Next, using the upper and lower pipe roofs 10D as support, the lower area of ​​the upper pipe roof 10D and the upper area of ​​the lower pipe roof 10D shown by the dotted line are excavated, etc. to form a construction space SP, and the segments for the cut tunnel 10C are connected to each other via joints and spanned across the main line tunnel 10B and the ramp tunnel 10A.

[0044] Here, the segments for the cut tunnel 10C are formed by an A segment 20A and a B segment 20B which are attached to the main line tunnel 10B or the ramp tunnel 10A side, and a K segment 20C which is attached between the tapered end faces of the left and right B segments 20B by being dropped (or inserted) in the X direction from the construction space SP side.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1, A segment 20A, B segment 20B, and K segment 20C are connected to each other via segment joints, and each segment is connected via ring joints over the cut-through section to form a cut-through tunnel 10C.

[0046] After the main line tunnel 10B and the ramp tunnel 10A are connected by the cut tunnel 10C, the large cross-section tunnel is constructed by removing the areas that interfere with the construction gauge on the inside of both the main line tunnel 10B and the ramp tunnel 10A.

[0047] Incidentally, in the construction of the cut tunnel 10C shown in Fig. 1, the B segment 20B is constructed in the circumferential direction Y of the cut tunnel 10C from the main line tunnel 10B side, and the A segment 20A and the B segment 20B are similarly constructed in the circumferential direction Y from the ramp tunnel 10A side, and finally the K segment 20C is dropped in the radial direction X, etc., to form the circumferential structure shown in Fig. 1. Then, multiple such circumferential structures are connected via ring joints along the axial direction (extension direction) of the tunnels 10A and 10B, thereby constructing the cut tunnel 10C.

[0048] In the construction of this cut tunnel 10C, if the gap into which the K segment 20C is dropped (or inserted) in the radial direction is constructed without any error, the K segment 20C is quickly dropped into the gap, and bolts are inserted into the sets of bolt holes opened in the segment joint faces of both the B segment 20B and the K segment 20C, and the bolts are joined. In addition, seal grooves are opened on the outer periphery of the segment joint faces of the B segment 20B and the K segment 20C, and a seal material is contained in both seal grooves, and the two seal materials come into contact with each other in a compressed state, forming a seal structure.

[0049] However, if the surveying or construction is performed with an error in the gap into which the K segment 20C is finally dropped in the radial direction (the gap is short in the circumferential direction or long in the circumferential direction), or if there is a manufacturing error in the A segment 20A or the B segment 20B, the bolt holes in the segment joints of both the B segment 20B and the K segment 20C may not be aligned, and furthermore, the seal materials may not be able to abut against each other. This is also true for the ring joints of both the K segments 20C of the segment rings adjacent in the axial direction.

[0050] Therefore, in relation to the segment joining structure and joining method according to the embodiment capable of solving the above problems, a joining structure 70 (see FIG. 4) between the circumferential K segment 20C (first segment) and the B segment 20B (second segment) in the cut tunnel 10C, a joining structure 80 between the axial K segments 20C (one is the first segment and the other is the second segment) in the cut tunnel 10C, and a joining method therefor will be described below. Note that the segment joining structure according to the embodiment may be a joining structure between segments in either the circumferential or axial direction, in addition to the illustrated examples.

[0051] A joining structure and joining method for the segments according to the embodiment, as well as an example of a slotted hole gap blocking washer (first washer) will be described with reference to Figs. Here, Fig. 2 is a front view of an example of a K segment forming a joint structure of segments, seen from the main girder side, Fig. 3 is a view in the direction of the arrow III in Fig. 2, showing a side view of an example of a K segment from the segment joint side, Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an example of a joint structure of segments according to an embodiment, showing a joint structure in which a K segment and a B segment arranged in the circumferential direction are joined via a segment joint. Also, Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B are perspective views of an example of a long hole gap blocking washer of a segment according to an embodiment, seen from a non-abutment surface side that does not abut against a joint plate, and seen from abutment surface side that abuts against a joint plate, respectively. Furthermore, Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an example of a joint structure of segments according to an embodiment, showing a joint structure in which two K segments arranged in the axial direction are joined via a ring joint.

[0052] As shown in Figure 4, the K segment 20C (an example of a first segment) is a segment that is dropped (or inserted) radially into the gap between the left and right B segments 20B (an example of a second segment) arranged circumferentially in the cut tunnel 10C connecting two parallel tunnels 10A, 10B.

[0053] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the K segment 20C has two steel main girders 25 with a predetermined curvature extending circumferentially, a steel skin plate 26 that extends circumferentially and connects the main girders 25 (joint plates in ring joints) on the outer periphery of the two main girders 25 (outside the segment ring formed (ground surface side)), and steel joint plates 27 (joint plates in segment joints) attached to both ends of the main girders 25 and the skin plate 26.

[0054] The main girder 25 has a plurality of ring joint bolt holes 25a on its side. In the K segment 20C, the ring joint bolt holes 25a are formed as long holes that are long in the radial direction. In addition, a steel vertical rib 28 having a width that spans the two main girders 25 is disposed between the two main girders 25, and the vertical rib 28 increases the rigidity of the box-shaped K segment 20C.

[0055] A seal groove 27a having a length t1' that is long in the radial direction is formed on the outer periphery of the main girder 25 in the joint plate 27. A plurality of bolt holes 27c (segment joint bolt holes) made of round holes are opened at a predetermined interval on the joint plate 27, on the radial inside of the main girder 25 from the seal groove 27a. Note that, although the illustrated example shows a form in which two bolt holes 27c are provided in a row, there are various forms for the number and rows of bolt holes. Also, the bolt holes may be elongated holes that are long in the radial direction.

[0056] In the K segment 20C, both the left and right segment joint surfaces are tapered surfaces that diverge toward the outer periphery. As shown in FIG. 4, the length t1 of the tapered surface in the tapered direction is longer than the length t2 of the tapered surface of the B segment 20B in the tapered direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the K segment 20C in the illustrated example is dropped radially downward from the upper construction space SP and installed in the gap between the left and right B segments 20B, so that the tapered surface diverges toward the outer periphery as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4. However, when the K segment is inserted radially upward from the inside, it has a tapered surface that diverges toward the inside in the radial direction, unlike FIG. 2, etc.

[0057] In this way, the radial height of the K segment 20C that is dropped last is set higher than the radial height of the adjacent B segment 20B. Even if the gap between the left and right B segments 20B is too large or too small in the circumferential direction due to measurement errors, construction errors, segment manufacturing errors, etc., when dropping the K segment 20C, it is possible to align the bolt holes of both the B segment 20B and the K segment 20C on the segment joint surfaces of both. Therefore, even if there is a circumferential error in the construction stage before the installation of the K segment 20C in the construction of the cut tunnel 10C, it is possible to bolt the B segment 20B and the K segment 20C with the bolt 50 (segment joint bolt). Unlike the illustrated example, a K segment of the same height as the B segment may be applied, and even in this form, the error can be absorbed by inserting the bolt into the long hole provided in the joint plate of the B segment.

[0058] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, the B segment 20B has two steel main girders 25A with a predetermined curvature extending circumferentially, a steel skin plate 26A that connects the main girders 25A to each other on the outer periphery of the two main girders 25A and extends circumferentially, and a steel connecting plate 27A attached to both ends of the main girders 25A and the skin plate 26A.

[0059] The main girder 25A has a plurality of round ring joint bolt holes 25b on its side. In addition, a plurality of steel vertical ribs 28A having a width that spans the two main girders 25A are disposed between the two main girders 25A, and the rigidity of the box-shaped B segment 20B is increased by the vertical ribs 28A.

[0060] A seal groove 27b having a shorter radial length than the seal groove 27a of the K segment 20C is formed on the outer periphery of the main girder 25A in the joint plate 27A. In addition, a plurality of bolt holes 27d made of elongated holes are opened at a predetermined interval on the joint plate 27A on the radial inner side of the main girder 25A from the seal groove 27b. In the illustrated example, four bolt holes 27d are opened at positions corresponding to the four bolt holes 27c of the K segment 20C shown in FIG. 3. In the B segment 20B, the segment joint connected to the K segment 20C has a tapered surface that abuts against the tapered surface of the K segment 20C.

[0061] 4, the segment joint between the B segment 20B and the A segment 20A is formed by inserting bolts 50 into corresponding bolt holes 27e, 27f provided in both joining plates 27B, 27C and tightening with nuts 55. In this segment joint, too, seal grooves 27b are provided in corresponding positions on the natural ground side of the bolt holes 27e, 27f in the joining plates 27B, 27C, and seal materials 63, 64 are inserted into both seal grooves 27b to bring them into close contact with each other.

[0062] The cut tunnel 10C shown in Figure 4 is formed by constructing the A segment 20A and the B segment 20B in a manner that allows for some kind of error in the circumferential direction, such as surveying error, construction error, or segment manufacturing error, and dropping the K segment 20C into the gap between the left and right B segments 20B, which has some error.

[0063] The bolt hole 27d in the joining plate 27A of the B segment 20B is an elongated hole, and the bolt hole 27c at a position corresponding to the bolt hole 27d in the joining plate 27 of the K segment 20C is a round hole.

[0064] In the segment joint between the K segment 20C and the B segment 20B, a first washer (long hole gap closing washer according to the embodiment) 40 that closes the long hole 27d is disposed on the side of the long hole 27d of the joining plate 27A.

[0065] As shown in Figures 5A and 5B, the first washer 30 has a first through hole 34 extending in its thickness direction and through which the bolt 50 passes, a second through hole 36 extending in the thickness direction and through which filler material is injected, and a conductive hole 37 that connects the second through hole 36 to the long hole 27d (the gap in which no bolt is present).

[0066] The first washer 30 further has a seat groove 35 having a larger diameter than the first through hole 34 around the first through hole 34 on the contact surface 31 that contacts the joining plate 27A having the long hole 27d, and the contact surface 31 further has an air vent hole 38 that communicates with a long hole not shown.

[0067] As shown in Figure 5B, when a filler such as mortar is injected in the Y1 direction from the second through hole 36 in the non-contact surface 32 of the first washer 30, the injected filler flows through the conductive hole 37 in the contact surface 31 that contacts the joining plate 27A, as shown in Figure 5B, and fills in the gap where no bolt is present in the long hole 27d provided in the joining plate 27A (not shown) in the Y2 direction, thereby blocking the gap.

[0068] Furthermore, when the filler material is filled into the gaps of the long holes 27d, the air that was present in the gaps is released in the Y3 direction through the air vent hole 38, thereby allowing the gaps to be filled sufficiently with the filler material. When the gaps are completely filled with the filler material, the filler material is discharged in the Y3 direction from the air vent hole 38, and therefore it is possible to confirm that the gaps have been completely filled with the filler material by visually checking the discharge of the filler material.

[0069] Furthermore, since a relatively large diameter seat groove 35 is provided around the first through hole 34 on the abutment surface 31, the gap of the long hole 27d can be effectively filled with filler, which is preferable because the filler can be reliably filled into the gap of the long hole 27d, especially when the viscosity of the filler is high or when the gap is formed on only one side of the long hole 27d.

[0070] Returning to Fig. 4, among the bolt holes 27c of the joining plate 27 and the bolt holes 27d (long holes) of the joining plate 27A that communicate with each other, the first washer 30 is abutted against the side of the joining plate 27A that has the long hole 27d so as to close the long hole 27d, and the bolt 50 is inserted into the first through hole 34, the long hole 27d, and the round hole 27c, the head 51 of the bolt 50 is engaged with the non-abutment surface 32 of the first washer 30, and the nut 55 is screwed onto the tip of the bolt 50 and tightened. At this time, a gap is formed in the region of the long hole 27d where the bolt 50 does not exist. A unique first washer 30 is installed for each pair of bolt holes 27c, 27d, and joining is performed in the same manner using the bolt 50 and the nut 55 (above, step A of the joining method).

[0071] 5A and 5B, filler 40 is injected from second through hole 36 in non-contact surface 32 of first washer 30, and fills gaps in long hole 27d where no bolt is present with filler 40 via conductive hole 37 in contact surface 31, thereby blocking the gap with filler 40. At this time, by visually checking the discharge of filler 40 from air vent hole 38, it can be confirmed that the gap has been securely blocked with filler 40.

[0072] By filling all of the first washers 30 with the filler 40, a joint structure 70 is formed (this is step B of the joining method).

[0073] In the joint structure 70 shown in Figure 4, the seal groove 27a of the K segment 20C and the seal material 61 housed therein are radially longer than the seal groove 27b of the B segment 20B and the seal material 62 housed therein, so that the seal materials 61, 62 can be abutted against each other in a compressed manner, forming a seal structure with high watertightness.

[0074] The above has described the joining structure and joining method of the K segment 20C and the B segment 20B in the circumferential direction of the cut tunnel 10C. Next, with reference to Figure 6, we will explain the joining structure and joining method of the two K segments 20C in the axial direction of the cut tunnel 10C.

[0075] The joint plates 25, which are the main beams of the two K-segments 20C, each have a bolt hole 25a, which is an elongated hole, at a corresponding position. In FIG. 6, both elongated holes 25a are shown to be in the same position, but since both K-segments 20C are installed while absorbing the error in the circumferential arc-shaped rings unique to each, the elongated holes 25a may be slightly offset vertically. However, since both are elongated holes, it is possible to insert a bolt into both elongated holes 25a.

[0076] Since both of the two joining plates 25 have long holes 25a, two first washers 30 are installed so as to cover each long hole 25a from the side, a bolt 50 is inserted from one side, and the bolts are tightened with a nut 55 on the other side (this is process A).

[0077] Next, the filler is injected from the second through holes 36 of both first washers 30 to fill and close the gaps between both long holes 25a with the filler 40, thereby forming a joint structure 80 (step B).

[0078] This joint structure 80 has good transmission of shear force between the rings in the tunnel axial direction because the gaps of the long holes 25a are completely blocked by the filler material 40.

[0079] Here, the illustrated example shows a form in which the first washer 30 is installed on the side of both long holes 25a, but it is also possible to install the first washer 30 on the side of one of the long holes 25a and install a second washer (not shown) which has a relatively simple structure having only a first through hole 34 on the side of the other long hole 25a.

[0080] In this case, the gaps between both oblong holes 25a are filled with the filler 40 injected from the second through hole 36 of the first washer 30. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the second washer is cheaper than that of the first washer 30, which leads to a reduction in construction costs.

[0081] According to the segment joining structure 70 and joining method shown in the figure, by applying a long hole gap blocking washer 30 that blocks the long hole 27d from the side and blocking the gap of the long hole 27d with filling material 40, it is possible to absorb circumferential errors in the cut tunnel 10C.

[0082] Furthermore, according to the segment joining structure 80 and the joining method thereof, by applying the long hole gap blocking washer 30 that blocks the long hole 25a from the side and blocking the gap of the long hole 25a with the filler material 40, the axial error can be absorbed and furthermore, the axial shear force between the rings can be sufficiently transmitted.

[0083] [Mortar filling confirmation test] Next, a mortar filling confirmation test conducted by the present inventors and the results thereof will be described. The mortar filling confirmation test was conducted to confirm that mortar is filled into the gaps (gaps in areas where no bolts exist) of the long holes of the joint plates of the error absorbing segments such as K-segments. Figures 7A to 7C are all diagrams showing a mortar filling confirmation test specimen, with Figure 7A being its longitudinal cross-sectional view, Figure 7B being its perspective view, and Figure 7C being its external perspective view.

[0084] In this test, mortar was pressurized and filled through the second through hole, which was the injection hole, and it was confirmed that air leaked out from the air vent hole.

[0085] As a result of the tests, it was confirmed that the filled mortar was leaking from the air vent hole and that the gap in the long hole was completely blocked by mortar.

[0086] [Joint shear test] Next, a joint shear test conducted by the present inventors and the results thereof will be described. This joint shear test was conducted for the purpose of confirming the load-bearing capacity of the joints of the error absorbing segments.

[0087] In this test, a single load was applied at the center by a loading girder, and both ends were simply supported. For comparison, a similar joint shear test was also conducted on a specimen with normal bolt holes (round holes) instead of long holes.

[0088] 8A and 8B are a side view and a front view of the joint shear test specimen of the embodiment as viewed in the direction of the arrow B in Fig. 8A, respectively. The joint shear test specimen of the comparative example has a round hole instead of a long hole as described above.

[0089] In both the example and the comparative example, displacement measurement positions 1, 2, 3, and 4 were set, and the displacement at each position after the load was applied was measured. The test results are shown in FIG.

[0090] It has been confirmed that in both the comparative example and the working example, no damage or other damage occurs even when a load greater than the designed shear force of 2980.8 kN acting on the bolt is applied.

[0091] The average displacement in the comparative example was approximately 5.4 mm, which is believed to be due to 2.7 mm of displacement caused by bolt hole play and 2.7 mm of displacement caused by bolt deformation.

[0092] In contrast, the average displacement in the Example was approximately 3.2 mm, which is thought to be due to 2.7 mm of displacement caused by bolt deformation and the remaining 0.5 mm caused by mortar deformation.

[0093] In this way, the amount of displacement in the example is smaller than the amount of displacement in the comparative example because there is no bolt play, which demonstrates that the joint structure has joint performance equal to or greater than that of a joint structure with a normal bolt hole (round hole).

[0094] In addition, the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown here, and may be implemented in other embodiments in which other components are combined with the configurations and the like of the above-mentioned embodiment. In this regard, the present invention may be modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and may be appropriately determined according to the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0095] 10A: Ramp tunnel (tunnel, shield tunnel) 10B: Main line tunnel (tunnel, shield tunnel) 10C: Cut-out tunnel (tunnel) 10D: Pipe roof 15: Steel pipe 20: Segment 20A: A segment 20B: B segment (second segment) 20C: K segment (error adjustment segment, 1st segment, 2nd segment) 21: Main girder 22: Joint plate (joint plate) 23: Vertical ribs 24: Skin Plate 25: Main girder (K-segment ring joint joint plate, joint plate) 25a: Bolt hole (long hole) 27: Joint plate (joint plate for K-segment segment joint, joint plate) 27A: Joint plate (joint plate for segment joint of B segment, joint plate) 27a, 27b: seal groove 27c: Bolt hole (round hole) 27d: Bolt hole (long hole) 27e: Bolt hole (round hole) 28, 28A: Vertical ribs 30: First washer (long hole gap blocking washer) 31: Contact surface 32: Non-contact surface 34: First through hole 35: Seat groove 36: Second through hole 37: Conduction hole 38: Air vent hole 40: Filling material 50: Bolt 51: Head (Bolt head) 55: Nut 61, 62, 63: Sealing material 70,80: Segment joint structure (joint structure)

Claims

1. A segment joint structure in which joint plates of a first segment and a second segment adjacent to each other are joined to form a tunnel, Bolt holes are provided at corresponding positions of both of the joining plates, and at least one of the bolt holes is an elongated hole; a first washer is interposed between the joining plate having the long hole and the head or nut of the bolt, the first washer having a first through hole extending in a thickness direction thereof and through which the bolt passes; In the long hole, a gap where the bolt does not exist is blocked with a filler, A segment joining structure, characterized in that the first washer further includes a second through hole extending in the thickness direction and into which the filler material is injected, and a conductive hole connecting the second through hole and the long hole.

2. 2. The segment joining structure according to claim 1, wherein the first washer further includes a seat groove having a larger diameter than the first through hole around the first through hole on the contact surface that contacts the joining plate.

3. 3. The segment joining structure according to claim 1, wherein the first washer further includes an air vent hole communicating with the long hole in a contact surface that contacts the joining plate.

4. When both of the joining plates have the long hole, The first washer is interposed between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, or 2. The segment joining structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that the first washer is interposed on one side between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, and a second washer having only the first through hole and blocking the long hole from its side is interposed on the other side.

5. When only one of the joining plates has the long hole, The joining plate not having the long hole has The head of the bolt or the nut, which has not been previously welded, is in contact, or The nut is pre-fixed by a welded joint, or 2. The segment joining structure according to claim 1, wherein the first and second bolt holes are provided with threaded grooves into which the bolts are screwed.

6. The first segment and the second segment are two K segments adjacent to each other in the axial direction via a ring joint in a cut tunnel connecting two parallel tunnels, or a K segment and a B segment adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction via a segment joint, The joint plate is a joint plate and / or a main girder that forms the ring joint or the segment joint, 2. The segment joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the long hole is elongated in a radial direction or approximately in a radial direction of the K segment or the B segment.

7. A segment joining method for forming a tunnel by joining joint plates of a first segment and a second segment adjacent to each other, comprising the steps of: Bolt holes are provided at corresponding positions of both of the joining plates, and at least one of the bolt holes is an elongated hole; A step A includes inserting a bolt from one side of the interconnected bolt holes and tightening the bolt with a nut on the other side or screwing the bolt into the threaded groove on the other side, and at this time, a first washer having a first through hole extending in the thickness direction and through which the bolt passes is interposed between the head of the bolt or the nut and the joining plate having the long hole, to form a gap in the long hole where the bolt is not present; the first washer further comprises a second through hole extending in the thickness direction and into which a filler material is injected, and a through hole connecting the second through hole and the long hole, and the method for joining segments further comprises a step B of injecting the filler material through the second through hole and filling the gap with the filler material through the through hole to close the gap.

8. When both of the joining plates have the long hole, In the step A, The first washer is interposed between both of the joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, or 8. The method for joining segments according to claim 7, characterized in that either the first washer is interposed between either of the two joining plates and the head of the bolt and / or the nut, and a second washer having only the first through hole and blocking the long hole from its side is interposed between the other of the two joining plates.

9. When only one of the joining plates has the long hole, In the step A, The first washer is brought into contact with the joining plate having the long hole, and the bolt is inserted into the first through hole of the first washer; A nut is brought into contact with the other joining plate and the plate is bolted to the other joining plate, or The nut is previously fixed to the other joining plate by welding, and the nut is bolted to the other joining plate, or 8. The segment joining method according to claim 7, wherein a bolt is screwed into a bolt hole which is a screw groove provided in the other joining plate.

10. In a segment joining structure in which a tunnel is formed by joining plates of adjacent first and second segments, and at least one of the bolt holes provided at corresponding positions in both joining plates is an elongated hole into which a bolt is inserted from one side and which is fastened by a nut on the other side or which is screwed into a screw groove on the other side, a segment elongated hole gap closing washer is applied between a head of the bolt or the nut and the joining plate having the elongated hole to close a gap in the elongated hole where the bolt is not present with a filler, A first through hole extending in a thickness direction thereof and through which the bolt passes; A second through hole extending in the thickness direction and into which the filler is injected; A washer for closing a gap in a long hole of a segment, comprising a through hole that communicates with the second through hole and the long hole.

11. The washer for closing the gap of a long hole of a segment as described in claim 10, further comprising a countersink groove having a larger diameter than the first through hole around the first through hole on the contact surface that contacts the joining plate.

12. 12. The gap closing washer for a slotted hole of a segment according to claim 10, further comprising an air vent hole communicating with said slotted hole in a contact surface that contacts said joining plate.

Images