Sandwich panel and exterior wall structure using the same

Abstract

To provide a sandwich panel which can sufficiently ensure fire resistance and water-tightness in vertical joints of a plurality of sandwich panels arranged in the horizontal direction of an exterior wall and has excellent workability, and exterior wall structure using the same.SOLUTION: There is provided a sandwich panel 1A, in which insulation material is filled between metal plates. At the side end, a sealing member 14 formed so as to be capable of sealing a vertical joint formed between adjacent sandwich panels 1A connected to each other is provided between the two metal plates to form a closed cross section together with the metal plates. The metal plate has a contact area on the indoor side of the sealing member 14 where the two adjacent sandwich panels 1A connected to each other are in contact with each other so as not to create a gap therebetween. A heat absorbing material 15 that reacts with heat absorption when heated is provided within the closed cross section so as to be in close contact with the contact area of the metal plate and a part of the indoor side surface of the sandwich panel 1A adjacent to the contact area.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a sandwich panel that constitutes the exterior wall of a building and to an exterior wall structure using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Sandwich panels, which are made of metal plates such as thin steel plates on both sides and filled with heat insulating material to provide fire resistance, are used as exterior wall panels that are arranged horizontally around the periphery of a building and connected to form the exterior wall of the building. Fittings are provided at the side ends of the sandwich panels to connect adjacent sandwich panels to each other.

[0003] In addition, since the vertical joint formed between two adjacent sandwich panels needs to be watertight, it is common to apply a sealant to the outdoor side of the vertical joint to ensure watertightness. In consideration of ease of construction, packing materials, gaskets, etc. may be attached to the side ends of the sandwich panels in advance, thereby eliminating the need to seal the vertical joints between the sandwich panels.

[0004] A conventional example of such a sandwich panel is shown in Fig. 8. In this conventional example, a gasket 84 made of flame-retardant rubber or the like is sandwiched between the two steel plates 81, 82 at the side edge of a sandwich panel 8 which is composed of two steel plates 81, 82 on both sides and filled with non-combustible heat insulating material 83.

[0005] Further, grooves 81g, 82g are provided at the side ends of the sandwich panel 8 into which a gasket 84 of another adjacent sandwich panel 8 can be fitted when two adjacent sandwich panels 8 are connected. Then, between the two adjacent sandwich panels 8, the outdoor side vertical joint J1 and the indoor side vertical joint J2 are sealed by a fitting portion formed of the gasket 84 made of flame-retardant rubber or the like and the grooves 81g, 82g, thereby ensuring fire resistance and watertightness.

[0006] However, in a sandwich panel 8 as shown in FIG. 8, the steel plates 81 and 82 constituting both sides of the sandwich panel 8 are thermally continuous via a gasket 84 with low thermal resistance. Therefore, when preventing the spread of an outdoor fire to the indoors, heat is conducted from the high-temperature outdoor steel plate 81 to the indoor steel plate 82. In addition, since the outdoor vertical joint J1 is not provided with a heat shielding measure, the gasket 84 inside the outdoor vertical joint J1 is likely to burn early due to heat from the outdoors. And, since the indoor steel plate 82 located on the indoor side of the gasket 84 faces the part, in addition to the heat conducted from the outdoor steel plate 81 to the indoor steel plate 82, the combustion heat of the gasket 84 is added, and the temperature of the indoor steel plate 82 is likely to increase.

[0007] The sandwich panel disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a heat insulating material filled between the front and back skins, and the front and back skins are insulated at both ends. In the connection structure of this sandwich panel, an elastic packing material is interposed between a fitting convex portion and a fitting recess provided at the side end of the sandwich panel. Then, by providing a locking portion and a locked portion on the surfaces of the fitting convex portion and the fitting recess, respectively, the fitting depth between the fitting convex portion and the fitting recess is kept constant, and the pressing state of the packing material is kept constant.

[0008] In addition, in the heat-insulating fire-resistant panel disclosed in Patent Document 2, edge boards made of gypsum board or magnesia foam are provided on the mating convex and mating concave portions provided on the side ends of the sandwich panel. A vertical joint made of ceramic fiber blanket, rock wool, or the like is interposed between the mating convex and mating concave portions to improve the fire resistance of the thermal insulation panel joint.

[0009] In addition, in the fire-resistant wall panel disclosed in Patent Document 3, the inside of the fitting uneven parts provided on both side ends of the sandwich panel is filled with an inorganic fire-resistant material such as gypsum, or a non-flammable organic resin such as phenolic resin. This makes it possible to form the fitting uneven parts into a complex wedge shape, improving the workability when connecting the panels. Appropriate sealing material is inserted into the fitting parts of the fitting uneven parts.

[0010] In Patent Documents 1 to 3, in the fitting convex portion and fitting concave portion, the steel plates constituting both sides of the sandwich panel are insulated by a heat insulating material and are thermally discontinuous. This makes it difficult for heat to be conducted from the high-temperature outdoor steel plate to the indoor steel plate in the event of an outdoor fire, and prevents the indoor steel plate from becoming too hot. In addition, in the fitting portion between the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion, the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion are in close contact with each other and no space is created between them, so there is no temperature rise in the indoor steel plate due to the high temperature in the internal space of the vertical joint. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 3-208954 [Patent Document 2] JP 2008-121213 A [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-25701 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] However, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the packing material or joint material arranged continuously with the insulating material inside the sandwich panel is exposed at the side end (inside the fitting joint) of the sandwich panel. Patent Document 1 does not specifically describe the material of the packing material interposed between the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion, and the specification is unclear. In Patent Document 2, the edge board portion provided at the side end of the sandwich panel is formed of gypsum board or magnesia foam, and the vertical joint portion interposed between the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion is formed of ceramic fiber blanket or rock wool. These materials are not waterproof or water resistant.

[0013] Therefore, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, even if the fitting protrusion and the fitting recess are in close contact with each other and no space is created between them, the watertightness of the fitting portion between the fitting protrusion and the fitting recess is not necessarily sufficiently ensured. Therefore, when the sandwich panel disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 is used to construct the exterior wall of a building, rainwater may infiltrate through the packing material provided between the fitting protrusion and the fitting recess, or through the end board portion and the vertical joint portion. In this case, water may infiltrate into the insulation material inside the room or the panel, and the insulation material may continue to contain water, which may cause problems such as a decrease in the strength and deterioration of the panel.

[0014] In addition, in Patent Document 3, a gap is provided between the steel plates constituting both sides of the sandwich panel in the fitting concave-convex portion, making it thermally discontinuous. Therefore, before filling the inside of the fitting concave-convex portion with the amorphous fireproof material, the gap between the steel plates constituting both sides of the sandwich panel and both upper and lower end faces of the fitting concave-convex portion must be temporarily blocked to prevent the amorphous fireproof material from leaking out. In addition, a curing time is required until the amorphous fireproof material filling the fitting concave-convex portion hardens, which increases the manufacturing man-hours for the sandwich panel.

[0015] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a sandwich panel that can ensure sufficient fire resistance and watertightness in the vertical joints of sandwich panels that are arranged in a row in the horizontal direction of the exterior wall of a building, and that is also easy to install, and an exterior wall structure using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0016] The means for solving the above problems are as follows. [1] A sandwich panel having two metal plates on both sides and a heat insulating material filled between the metal plates, wherein a sealing member formed so as to be capable of sealing a vertical joint formed between two adjacent sandwich panels that are connected to each other is interposed between the two metal plates at the side ends of the sandwich panel so as to form a closed cross section together with the metal plates, wherein the metal plates have a contact area on the indoor side of the sealing member where the two adjacent sandwich panels abut so as not to create a gap between them, and wherein an endothermic material that absorbs heat when heated is provided within the closed cross section so as to be in close contact with the metal plates in the contact area and a part of the indoor side surface of the sandwich panel that is adjacent to the contact area. [2] The sandwich panel according to [1], wherein the heat absorbing material contains water of crystallization. [3] A sandwich panel as described in [1] or [2], wherein the metal plate at the side end portion has projections and recesses that can engage with each other when two adjacent sandwich panels are connected. [4] A sandwich panel as described in [1] or [2], wherein the metal plate at the side end portion has a groove formed therein into which the sealing member of another adjacent sandwich panel can be engaged. [5] The sandwich panel according to [4], wherein the sealing member is made of flame-retardant rubber. [6] A sandwich panel as described in [1] or [2], wherein the metal plate at the side end is provided with an auxiliary sealing member attached thereto so as to be capable of further sealing the vertical joint formed between two adjacent sandwich panels connected to each other at a position closer to the exterior than the sealing member. [7] An exterior wall structure in which the sandwich panel described in [1] or [2] is vertically oriented around the perimeter of a building and secured to the horizontal truss of the building from the inside with blind fasteners.

[0017] Here, the blind fastener refers to a fastener that is fastened only from the front side of the fastened members, with the tip of the fastener spreading laterally on the back side of the fastened members. Specifically, when the blind fastener is inserted into a hole in the fastened members, the tip of the fastener is deformed so as to be pulled toward the front by pulling out the core rod connected to the fastener tip or by screwing a screw into a screw hole in the fastener tip. As a result, the tip of the fastener spreads laterally and engages with the back side of the fastened members, thereby fastening the fastened members. Specific examples of blind fasteners include lock rivets, blind rivets, valve tight rivets, clips such as push button clips, pop nuts, jack nuts, well nuts, screw grommets, etc. [8] An exterior wall structure described in [7], in which multiple sandwich panels are connected in the vertical direction of the building with a joint water-repellent plate sandwiched therebetween, and the lower end surface of the sandwich panel above the joint water-repellent plate and the upper end surface of the sandwich panel below the joint water-repellent plate are in close contact with the joint water-repellent plate. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the sandwich panel of the present invention and the exterior wall structure using the same, in the vertical joints of the sandwich panels which are arranged in a row in the horizontal direction of the exterior wall of a building, fire resistance and watertightness can be sufficiently ensured with a simple structure, while also achieving excellent workability. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a side end portion of a sandwich panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between sandwich panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 3(a) to 3(c) are a horizontal cross-sectional view, a front view, and a vertical cross-sectional view showing an exterior wall constructed using a sandwich panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows an exterior wall constructed by connecting a plurality of sandwich panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the height direction of a building. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 shows another example of an exterior wall formed by connecting a plurality of sandwich panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the height direction of a building. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a side end portion of a sandwich panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between sandwich panels according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a side end portion of a conventional sandwich panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the sandwich panel of the present invention and an exterior wall structure using the same will be specifically described. <First embodiment> 1) Sandwich Panel Fig. 1 shows an enlarged view of a side end portion 1e of a sandwich panel 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of sandwich panels 1A according to this embodiment connected to each other.

[0021] As shown in Fig. 1, sandwich panel 1A is configured to include steel plates 11, 12 constituting both sides of sandwich panel 1A, i.e., the surface facing the outside and the surface facing the inside, respectively, and noncombustible heat insulating material 13 filled inside sandwich panel 1A, i.e., in the space between steel plates 11, 12. Furthermore, a sealing member 14 formed so as to be capable of sealing a vertical joint formed between two adjacent sandwich panels connected to each other, and a heat absorbing material 15 which undergoes an endothermic reaction when heated, are provided at side end 1e of sandwich panel 1A.

[0022] The sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment is formed to a thickness of 75 mm, and a hot-dip zinc-5% aluminum alloy plated steel sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm is used as the steel sheet 11, and a hot-dip zinc plated steel sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm is used as the steel sheet 12. The type and thickness of the steel sheets 11 and 12 can be changed according to the specifications required for the sandwich panel 1A. For example, the steel sheets 11 and 12 can be various plated steel sheets such as zinc plated steel sheets, hot-dip 55% aluminum-zinc alloy plated steel sheets, aluminum plated steel sheets, hot-dip zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy plated steel sheets, nickel plated steel sheets, painted steel sheets, or ordinary steel sheets. In addition, metal sheets such as stainless steel sheets and aluminum sheets may be used instead of the steel sheets.

[0023] In the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment, the non-combustible heat insulating material 13 is, for example, a sintered material having a density of 80 kg / m 3 The non-combustible insulating material 13 is made of rock wool with a thickness of 74 mm. The material, density and thickness of the non-combustible insulating material 13 can be changed depending on the level of fire resistance required for the exterior wall. The material may be an inorganic fiber insulating material other than rock wool (glass wool, ceramic wool, etc.), or a non-combustible organic insulating material such as phenol foam. As shown in FIG. 1, the non-combustible insulating material 13 fills the entire internal space between the steel plates 11 and 12 that constitute both sides of the sandwich panel 1A.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the steel plates 11, 12 at the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A are formed with projections and recesses that can engage with each other when two adjacent sandwich panels 1A are connected, and these projections and recesses engage to form a fitting joint. In this way, the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A is tightly connected as shown in Figure 2, so that the fire resistance and watertightness of the vertical joint J of the sandwich panel 1A can be improved compared to when the steel plates 11, 12 at the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A are formed flat.

[0025] The sealing member 14 is a gasket made of flame-retardant rubber such as chloroprene rubber or silicone rubber, and is provided at the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A in order to seal the vertical joint J formed between two adjacent sandwich panels 1A, as shown in Fig. 1. The sealing member 14 is interposed (sandwiched) between the two steel plates 11, 12, and forms a closed cross section together with the steel plates 11, 12, and the noncombustible insulating material 13 is filled within this closed cross section.

[0026] Furthermore, grooves 11g, 12g are formed in the steel plates 11, 12 at the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A, into which the sealing member 14 of another adjacent sandwich panel 1A can be engaged when two adjacent sandwich panels 1A are connected.

[0027] As a result, when two adjacent sandwich panels 1A are connected, as shown in Fig. 2, the sealing members 14 of the adjacent sandwich panels 1A engage with the grooves 11g, 12g provided in the steel plates 11, 12 at the side end 1e of the sandwich panels 1A, functioning as rain and wind barriers. The sealing members 14 are doubly fitted and sealed within the vertical joints J formed between the sandwich panels 1A, further improving the watertightness of the vertical joints J of the sandwich panels 1A.

[0028] Furthermore, at the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A, where the sealing member 14 is provided, there is no gap between the outdoor steel plate 11 and the indoor steel plate 12, and the space into which the non-combustible insulating material 13 is filled is closed, so that water does not seep into the interior of the sandwich panel 1A through the vertical joint J.

[0029] Furthermore, the steel plate 12 on the indoor side of the side end 1e of the sandwich panel 1A has an abutment range that abuts without creating a gap between two adjacent sandwich panels 1A that are connected to each other, on the indoor side of the sealing member 14. As a result, when attaching the sandwich panels 1A to the periphery of a building to form an exterior wall, it is only necessary to abut the side end portions 1e of adjacent sandwich panels 1A against each other, making it easy to position and control the dimensions of the sandwich panels 1A during construction.

[0030] However, in the event of an outdoor fire, if the outdoor steel plate 11 and the indoor steel plate 12 are in contact with each other without any gap inside the vertical joint J, a thermal bridge is generated between the outdoor steel plate 11 and the indoor steel plate 12, and heat is conducted from the outdoor steel plate 11 to the indoor steel plate 12. For this reason, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, it is generally preferable that the outdoor steel plate 11 and the indoor steel plate 12 are discontinuous and not in contact with each other. In the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment, a sealing member 14 made of flame-retardant rubber is interposed between the outdoor steel plate 11 and the indoor steel plate 12, but its thermal insulation is not high. In addition, due to the influence of the inflow of hot air from the outdoor vertical joint J1 into the internal space, the outdoor steel plate 11 and the indoor steel plate 12 are considered to be thermally continuous. Therefore, if this continues, heat will be conducted from the outdoor steel plate 11 by the thermal bridge, and the indoor steel plate 12 will become hot.

[0031] 1 and 2, in the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment, the indoor steel plate 12 of the side end portion 1e of the sandwich panel 1A has a contact area on the indoor side of the sealing member 14 so that no gap is generated between the two sandwich panels 1A that are adjacent to each other and connected, and a heat absorbing material 15 of a predetermined thickness T is provided in the closed cross section so as to be in close contact with the contact area of ​​the indoor steel plate 12 and the back surface of a part of the indoor surface of the sandwich panel 1A adjacent to this contact area. In other words, the part of the indoor steel plate 12 adjacent to the contact area refers to a part of the indoor steel plate 12 with a width T along the horizontal direction of the exterior wall from the contact area where the two sandwich panels 1A are connected to each other.

[0032] The heat absorbing material 15 is a material that undergoes an endothermic reaction when heated. Specifically, the heat absorbing material 15 can be provided by applying a material containing crystal water, such as gypsum or cement paste. Also, a molded board containing crystal water, such as a gypsum board or cement board, can be suitably used as the heat absorbing material 15. The heat absorbing material 15 may be an amorphous material, but a molded material makes it easier to manufacture the sandwich panel 1A. When exposed to high heat, a material containing crystal water effectively exerts fire resistance due to an endothermic reaction in which the crystal water is lost by thermal decomposition, and the heat of vaporization of the water generated by this. In this way, the heat of an outdoor fire is suppressed by the heat absorbing material 15 from increasing the temperature of the steel plate 12 on the indoor side.

[0033] The steel plate 12 on the indoor side of the side end 10e of the sandwich panel 1A has a contact area on the indoor side of the sealing member 14 so that no gap is generated between the two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A connected to each other. In addition, a heat absorbing material 15 of a predetermined thickness T is arranged in the closed cross section so as to be in close contact with the contact area of ​​the steel plate 12 on the indoor side and the back surface of a part of the indoor side surface of the sandwich panel 1A adjacent to this contact area. In this way, heat during an outdoor fire is absorbed and blocked by the heat absorbing material 15, and the temperature rise of the steel plate 12 on the indoor side is effectively suppressed, thereby improving the fire resistance. In addition, in a fireproof structure, it is preferable to set the thickness T of the heat absorbing material 15 to a range of, for example, 19 to 25 mm, since the above-mentioned effect can be reliably obtained.

[0034] Furthermore, in the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment, the heat absorbing material 15 is disposed in the area that will become the convex portion of the side end portion 1e of the sandwich panel 1A, so that the heat insulating material does not have a complex shape.

[0035] In the fireproof construction qualification test conducted according to the standard heating curve described in the international standard ISO834 "Fire resistance test - Structural members - Part 1: General requirements", the test conditions are that the temperature rise on the indoor side is 140°C or less on average, and 180°C or less at most, when the outdoor side is heated from room temperature (20°C) to 842°C in 30 minutes. Therefore, by setting the thickness T of the heat absorption material 15 shown in Figures 1 and 2 to an appropriate value depending on the material of the heat absorption material 15, the temperature rise of the indoor side vertical joint J2 part, which becomes hotter than the general part, can be suppressed, and this required level can be met.

[0036] In addition, in the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment, the heat absorbing material 15 may be provided only in the contact area of ​​the indoor steel plate 12 where the two adjacent sandwich panels 1A connected to each other contact each other, and only in a part of the indoor surface of the sandwich panel 1A adjacent to this contact area. The weight per unit volume of the heat absorbing material 15, which contains a material that undergoes an endothermic reaction when heated, is generally greater than that of the noncombustible insulating material 13, but since it is not necessary to provide the heat absorbing material 15 over the entire surface of the sandwich panel 1A, the weight of the sandwich panel 1A can be reduced.

[0037] The above-mentioned sealing member 14 and heat absorbing material 15 are attached in advance to the side end portion 1e of the sandwich panel 1A when the sandwich panel 1A is manufactured in a factory. This makes it possible to reduce the labor required at a construction site to attach the sandwich panel 1A to the periphery of a building. 2) Exterior wall structure using sandwich panels 3(a) to 3(c) respectively show a horizontal cross-sectional view, a front view, and a vertical cross-sectional view of an exterior wall constructed using a sandwich panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 3(a) to FIG. 3(c), the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment is arranged in a horizontal direction around the building and connected to form the exterior wall of the building. The sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment is formed in an elongated shape in which the dimension along the side end, i.e., the vertical direction in FIG. 3(b), is larger than the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the side end, i.e., the horizontal direction in FIG. 3(b). The sandwich panel 1A is manufactured to have a length of 12 m or less. With this length, it can be easily brought into the construction site without being subject to transportation restrictions. Therefore, when using the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment to form the exterior wall of a one-story or two-story building such as a factory or warehouse, the entire height of the exterior wall can be formed with one sandwich panel 1A without connecting multiple sandwich panels 1A in the height direction of the building.

[0039] As shown in Figures 3(a) to 3(c), the structure of the exterior wall of this embodiment is such that the sandwich panels 1A formed in a long shape as described above are installed vertically along the height direction of the building. Each sandwich panel 1A is fastened from the indoor side by blind fasteners 2 to horizontal furring strips 4 installed horizontally between studs 5 provided along the perimeter of the building to form the exterior wall.

[0040] In this way, the sandwich panel 1A can be attached to a building by working from inside the building, making it possible to carry out construction without scaffolding and providing excellent workability.

[0041] In addition, the horizontal furring strips 4 provided on the periphery of a building are generally provided at intervals of, for example, 2700 mm or less in the height direction of the building, and at such intervals, the sandwich panel 1A is sufficiently secured in fixing strength to the building. Due to the unique configuration of the sandwich panel 1A of this embodiment, there is no need to reduce the intervals between the horizontal furring strips 4.

[0042] In addition, a concrete riser 6 is provided on the ground along the periphery of the building, and a panel support member 60 for fastening the lower end of the sandwich panel 1A is provided on the upper end of the concrete riser 6. A water drainage board 61 is interposed between the upper end of the concrete riser 6 and the lower end of the sandwich panel 1A. The water drainage board 61 has the function of draining rainwater that flows down along the outdoor surface of the sandwich panel 1A to the outdoor side of the concrete riser 6. The lower end of the sandwich panel 1A is fastened to the panel support member 60 provided on the upper end of the concrete riser 6 from the indoor side by a blind fastener 2.

[0043] In the structure of the exterior wall of this embodiment, the sandwich panels 1A formed in a long shape are installed vertically along the height direction of the building, so that horizontal joints where rainwater and dust tend to accumulate are not generated or the number of horizontal joints is extremely small. Therefore, it is easier to ensure waterproof performance and durability compared to horizontally installed sandwich panels, and the exterior wall is less likely to be soiled. In addition, the outdoor vertical joints J1 formed between the sandwich panels 1A function as a downspout and promote the drainage of rainwater, preventing the intrusion of rainwater from the outdoor side of the exterior wall to the indoor side, and providing better watertightness than an exterior wall constructed by horizontally installing sandwich panels. 3) Sandwich panel construction method A method for constructing the sandwich panel of this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs.

[0044] The method for constructing the sandwich panel of this embodiment is realized by fixing the above-mentioned sandwich panel 1A to the horizontal furring strips 4 of the building with blind fasteners 2, working from the indoor side of the building.

[0045] When erecting the sandwich panel 1A, a plurality of sandwich panels 1A are arranged horizontally around a building. Then, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the sealing member 14 provided at the side end 1e of one of the two sandwich panels 1A arranged horizontally is inserted into the grooves 11g and 12g provided at the side end 1e of the other sandwich panel 1A. At the same time, the sealing member 14 provided at the side end 1e of the other sandwich panel 1A is inserted into the grooves 11g and 12g provided at the side end 1e of one of the two sandwich panels 1A arranged horizontally.

[0046] Then, in this state, as shown in Figures 3(a) to 3(c), each of the multiple sandwich panels 1A is fixed to the horizontal furring strips 4 of the building with blind fasteners 2 by working from the indoor side of the building. In this way, in the sandwich panel construction method of this embodiment, the sandwich panels 1A can be attached to the building by working from the indoor side of the building, making construction without scaffolding possible and providing excellent construction efficiency. 4) Connection of sandwich panels along the height of the building Figures 4 and 5 show examples of exterior walls constructed by connecting multiple sandwich panels 1A of this embodiment in the height direction of a building when the building has many floors and one sandwich panel 1A is not long enough. Figure 4 shows an example in which the sandwich panels 1A are connected to each other at approximately the same height as the horizontal furring strips 4 installed along the exterior wall of the building, and Figure 5 shows an example in which the sandwich panels 1A are connected to each other at approximately the same height as the floor slab 7 of the building.

[0047] In the example shown in Fig. 4, a joint water-repellent plate 3 is attached to the exterior side of a horizontal furring strip 4 installed along the exterior wall of a building. In the example shown in Fig. 5, an angle furring strip 71 is attached to a small beam 70 supporting a floor slab 7 of a building, and a joint water-repellent plate 3 is attached to the exterior side of this angle furring strip 71.

[0048] As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the sandwich panel 1A are formed flat, and the lower end surface of the sandwich panel 1A above the joint water-repelling plate 3 and the upper end surface of the sandwich panel 1A below the joint water-repelling plate 3 are in close contact with the joint water-repelling plate 3. In this way, the sandwich panels 1A above and below the joint water-repelling plate 3 are arranged to be connected in the height direction of the building, sandwiching the joint water-repelling plate 3. In this state, the lower end of the sandwich panel 1A above the joint water-repelling plate 3 and the upper end of the sandwich panel 1A below the joint water-repelling plate 3 are fixed to the horizontal furring strip 4 or the angle furring strip 71 with the blind fastener 2. This fixing with the blind fastener 2 can also be performed from the indoor side of the building.

[0049] In this way, the joint water drainage plate 3 is interposed between the sandwich panels 1A arranged vertically, and the lower and upper end faces of the sandwich panels 1A are arranged so as to be in close contact with the joint water drainage plate 3, thereby preventing the infiltration of rainwater from the joints of the sandwich panels 1A in the height direction of the building. In addition, the joints of the sandwich panels 1A in the height direction of the building do not become weak points in terms of fire resistance. Second Embodiment Fig. 6 shows an enlarged view of a side end portion 1e of a sandwich panel 1B according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 7 shows an enlarged view of sandwich panels 1B of the present embodiment connected to each other.

[0050] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in the sandwich panel 1B of this embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the sandwich panel 1A of the first embodiment, an auxiliary sealing member 16 is provided on one of the side end portions 1e on both horizontal sides of the sandwich panel 1B. The auxiliary sealing member 16 is formed so as to be able to further seal the outdoor-side vertical joint J1 formed between two adjacent sandwich panels 1B connected to each other at a position on the outdoor side relative to the sealing member 14. The auxiliary sealing member 16 is attached to the surface of the outdoor-side steel plate 12 at one side end portion 10e of the sandwich panel 1B in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sandwich panel 1B.

[0051] The auxiliary sealing member 16 is a gasket made of flame-retardant rubber, non-combustible rubber, etc., and may have a shape and elasticity that allows it to come into close contact with the side end 1e of the other adjacent sandwich panel 1B when two adjacent sandwich panels 1B are connected. That is, the auxiliary sealing member 16 may be solid or hollow as long as it has a cross-sectional dimension equal to or greater than the width W of the outdoor vertical joint J1 and has elasticity that allows it to deform when compressed in the direction of the width W of the outdoor vertical joint J1 and seal the surface of the outdoor vertical joint J1. For example, a silicone sponge can be used as the auxiliary sealing member 16. As shown in FIG. 7, the auxiliary sealing member 16, together with the sealing member 14, seals the outdoor vertical joint J1 formed between the two adjacent sandwich panels 1B, and functions as a rain barrier and a wind barrier. In this way, compared to when the vertical joint J is sealed only with the sealing member 14, the outdoor side vertical joint J1 is sealed with the auxiliary sealing member 16 in addition to the sealing member 14, thereby further improving the fire resistance and watertightness of the vertical joint J of the sandwich panel 1B. EXAMPLES

[0052] A fire resistance test was carried out on the sandwich panel 1A of the first embodiment (Example 1 of the present invention), the sandwich panel 1B of the second embodiment (Example 2 of the present invention), and the conventional sandwich panel 8 (Comparative Example) shown in Fig. 8 along the standard heating curves described in the international standard ISO834. Then, the temperature rise (K) of the steel plates 12 and 82 on the indoor side was measured on the indoor side surface of the indoor side vertical joint J2 formed between two sandwich panels 1A, 1B, and 8 that are adjacent to each other and connected, to compare the fire resistance.

[0053] In all of the invention examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example, the sandwich panels 1A, 1B, and 8 had a thickness of 75 mm. The outdoor-side steel sheets 11 and 81 were hot-dip zinc-5% aluminum alloy-plated steel sheets with a plate thickness of 0.5 mm, and the indoor-side steel sheets 12 and 82 were hot-dip galvanized steel sheets with a plate thickness of 0.5 mm. The width W of the outdoor-side vertical joint J1 was 20 mm. The noncombustible heat insulating materials 13 and 83 were made of 100% zinc-coated steel sheets with a density of 80 kg / m 3Two pieces of rock wool with a thickness of 44 mm were placed in a space with a thickness of 74 mm between the outdoor steel plates 11, 81 and the indoor steel plates 12, 82. As the sealing member 14, a gasket made of chloroprene rubber was used.

[0054] For sandwich panels 1A and 1B of invention example 1 and invention example 2, the thickness T of the heat absorbing material 15 was set to 19 mm. Specifically, two gypsum boards with a thickness of 9.5 mm were provided in a closed cross section adjacent to the abutting portion of two adjacent sandwich panels 1A and 1B connected to each other so as to be in close contact with the rear surface of the steel plate 12 on the indoor side. For sandwich panel 1B of invention example 2, a substantially tubular silicone sponge with a height of 25 mm and a thickness of 4 mm was provided as the auxiliary sealing member 16, protruding in a direction perpendicular to the surface of sandwich panel 1B.

[0055] As a result of the above-mentioned test, when 20 minutes had elapsed since the start of heating, the temperature rise of the steel plate 12 on the indoor side of sandwich panel 1A of Example 1 of the present invention was 49% lower than the temperature rise of the steel plate 82 on the indoor side of sandwich panel 8 of the comparative example. Furthermore, when 20 minutes had elapsed since the start of heating, the temperature rise of the steel plate 12 on the indoor side of sandwich panel 1B of Example 2 of the present invention was 62% lower than the temperature rise of the steel plate 82 on the indoor side of sandwich panel 8 of the comparative example. This confirmed that, in the sandwich panel of the present invention, the temperature rise of the indoor side vertical joint J2 portion, which becomes hotter than the general portion, is suppressed, and good fire resistance performance can be obtained. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] 1A, 1B, 8 Sandwich Panel 1e Side edge 11, 12, 81, 82 steel plate 11g, 12g, 81g, 82g Groove 13, 83 Insulation material (non-combustible insulation material) 14, 84 Sealing member (gasket) 15 Heat absorbing material (gypsum board) 16 Auxiliary sealing material (silicone sponge) 2 Blind Fasteners 3. Joint water shield 4 Horizontal furring strip 5 Studs 6. Rising Concrete 60 Panel support member 61 Drain board 7 Floor slab 70 Small beam 71 Angle furring strip J, J1, J2 vertical joint T Thickness of heat absorbing material W Vertical joint width

Claims

1. A sandwich panel having two metal plates on both sides and a heat insulating material filled between the metal plates, At the side end of the sandwich panel, a sealing member formed to be able to seal a vertical joint formed between two adjacent sandwich panels is interposed between the two metal plates so as to form a closed cross section together with the metal plates, The metal plate has a contact area on the indoor side of the sealing member so as to contact the two sandwich panels adjacent to each other without creating a gap between them, A sandwich panel, wherein an endothermic material that undergoes an endothermic reaction when heated is provided within the closed cross section so as to be in close contact with the contact area of ​​the metal plate and a portion of the indoor surface of the sandwich panel adjacent to the contact area.

2. The sandwich panel according to claim 1 , wherein the heat absorbing material comprises water of crystallization.

3. The sandwich panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal plate at the side end portion has projections and recesses that can engage with each other when two adjacent sandwich panels are connected to each other.

4. 3. The sandwich panel according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate at the side end portion has a groove formed therein into which the sealing member of another adjacent sandwich panel can be engaged.

5. The sandwich panel according to claim 4 , wherein the sealing member is made of a flame-retardant rubber.

6. 3. A sandwich panel as described in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein an auxiliary sealing member is attached to the metal plate at the side end portion so as to be capable of further sealing a vertical joint formed between two adjacent sandwich panels connected to each other at a position closer to the exterior than the sealing member.

7. 3. An exterior wall structure, comprising a sandwich panel according to claim 1 or 2 vertically oriented around a building and fixed to horizontal furring strips of the building from the indoor side with blind fasteners.

8. 8. The exterior wall structure of claim 7, wherein a plurality of the sandwich panels are connected in the height direction of the building by sandwiching a joint water-repellent plate therebetween, and the lower end surface of the sandwich panel above the joint water-repellent plate and the upper end surface of the sandwich panel below the joint water-repellent plate are in close contact with the joint water-repellent plate.

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