Bearing wall structure and bearing wall construction method for wooden house

Abstract

To provide a bearing wall structure and a bearing wall construction method for a wooden house with high strength as a bearing wall.SOLUTION: A bearing wall 2 of a wooden house is arranged so as to close a rectangular opening 9 surrounded with first and second framework members (columns) 5, 5 parallel to each other, and third and fourth framework members (foundation, lateral beam members) orthogonal to the first and second framework member (columns) 5, 5 and parallel to each other, wherein the bearing wall 2 comprises a first bearing surface member 2a and a second bearing surface member 2b overlapped to the first bearing surface member 2a. The outer peripheral edge of the first bearing surface member 2a is fitted into a notch 11 formed in the inner peripheral edge of one side of the opening 9. The outer peripheral edge of the second bearing surface member 2b is fixed on the first and the second framework members 5, 5, and the third and the fourth framework members 4, 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wooden house, and more particularly to a bearing wall structure and a bearing wall construction method for a wooden house constructed by a wooden framework construction method. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, in wooden houses constructed using a wooden framework method using foundations, pillars, and horizontal members such as beams and girders, a bearing surface panel is attached to cover an opening surrounded by, for example, two pillars, the foundation, and horizontal members from the outside. The bearing surface panel is fixed by nailing to the two pillars, the foundation, and the beams at a fixed pitch along its outer periphery.

[0003] However, in wooden houses constructed using wooden frame construction methods and using strength-bearing panels, strong forces from repeated earthquakes and typhoons over the years of living in the house can act on the structure, causing the nails securing the strength-bearing panels to loosen or rust to form due to internal condensation, reducing the functionality of the strength-bearing panels. This can lead to deformation of the frame structure, cracks in the exterior materials, and problems such as rainwater entering the interior.

[0004] Patent Document 1 describes a load-bearing wall in which cuts are made around an opening formed by columns, foundations, and cross members with a depth approximately equal to the thickness of the outer structural plate material, and the periphery of the outer structural plate material is fitted into the cuts and fixed with fixing means such as nails. Patent Document 2 describes a load-bearing ceiling wall and load-bearing floor wall having a structure similar to that of Patent Document 1. Cited Document 3 describes a wall structure in which a recess is formed in the structural material to which a load-bearing face material is fixed, with a depth equivalent to the thickness of the load-bearing face material, so that the exterior surface of the load-bearing face material is on the same plane as the exterior surface of the structural material.

[0005] However, in the structures of Patent Documents 1-3, the overlap between the bearing wall and the notch or recess into which it fits is insufficient, and the distance from the edge to the nailing point is insufficient, making nailing difficult and not improving strength. Also, there is still a problem with the nails fixing the bearing surface material loosening when the structure is twisted. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-195420 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-131369 [Patent Document 3] JP 2012-26084 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a load-bearing wall structure and a load-bearing wall construction method for a wooden house which have high strength as a load-bearing wall. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The means for solving the above problems are as follows. (1) In a load-bearing wall of a wooden house that is provided to close a rectangular opening surrounded by first and second frame members that are parallel to each other and third and fourth frame members that are perpendicular to the first and second frame members, The load-bearing wall is composed of a first load-bearing surface material and a second load-bearing surface material overlapped on the first load-bearing surface material, The outer peripheral edge of the first load-bearing face material is fitted into a notch provided on the inner peripheral edge on one side of the opening, The outer peripheral edge of the second load-bearing face material is fixed to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members. (2) In the above-mentioned means 1, The cut has a depth equal to the plate thickness of the first load-bearing face material. (3) In the above means 1 or 2, The outer peripheral edge of the first load-bearing face material is bonded to the notch. (4) In any one of the above means 1 to 3, The outer peripheral edge of the second load-bearing face material is nailed to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members. (5) In any one of the above means 1 to 4, A double load-bearing wall consisting of the first load-bearing surface material and the second load-bearing surface material is attached to the opening in the side including the four corner pillars of the wooden house, A single-layer load-bearing wall made of a third load-bearing surface material having the same structure as the second load-bearing surface material is attached to all openings other than the above-mentioned opening on the side surface including the pillars at the four corners of the wooden house. (6) In any one of the above means 1 to 4, A double load-bearing wall consisting of the first load-bearing surface material and the second load-bearing surface material is attached to the opening in the floor or ceiling surface adjacent to the pillars at the four corners of the wooden house, A single-layer load-bearing wall made of a third load-bearing surface material having the same structure as the second load-bearing surface material is attached to all openings other than the above-mentioned openings in the floor or ceiling surface adjacent to the pillars at the four corners of the wooden house. (7) A method for constructing a bearing wall of a wooden house, the bearing wall being provided to close a rectangular opening surrounded by first and second frame members parallel to each other and third and fourth frame members parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first and second frame members, a fitting portion forming step of forming a fitting portion of the bearing wall by providing a notch on an inner peripheral edge on one side of the opening; a first load-bearing surface material attachment step of fitting a first load-bearing surface material into the fitting portion and adhering it to the cut; and a second strength panel installation step of overlapping a second strength panel on the first strength panel and nailing the second strength panel to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members. Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, the load-bearing wall comprises a first load-bearing panel and a second load-bearing panel superimposed on the first load-bearing panel, the outer peripheral edge of the first load-bearing panel is fitted into a notch provided on the inner peripheral edge on one side of an opening surrounded by the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members, and the outer peripheral edge of the second load-bearing panel is fixed to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members. For this reason, the first strength face material has a high strength against external forces, especially torsion, because its outer peripheral surface fits into the notch and its outer edge is sandwiched between the second strength face material and the bottom surface of the notch. Also, because the first strength face material and the second strength face material overlap each other, they have a high strength against displacement in the direction perpendicular to the faces. In this way, the present invention has the effect of increasing the strength as a load-bearing wall, providing strong resistance to external forces such as earthquakes and typhoons, and improving the strength as a load-bearing wall, due to the synergistic effect of the first load-bearing panel and the second load-bearing panel. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a wooden house to which a load-bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Diagram 2] 1 is a perspective view of a load-bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the outside. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a load-bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the outside. [Figure 4] 1A is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a load-bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A thereof. [Diagram 5] 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 1A is a plan view of the first floor and FIG. 1B is a plan view of the second floor of a wooden house to which a load-bearing wall according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 7] FIG. 6( a ) is a partially enlarged plan view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Fig. 1 shows a wooden house 1 to which a load-bearing wall 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The wooden house 1 is constructed on a foundation 3 using a wooden framework construction method with a base 4, pillars 5, beams 6a, girders 6b and other horizontal members 6 (hereinafter referred to as "frame members"). Between two pillars 5, a tie member 7 and a partition 8 are provided as necessary. The frame members include window frames and door frames.

[0013] An opening 9 surrounded by two pillars 5, 5 (first and second frame members), a foundation 4 and a cross member 6 (third and fourth frame members) is blocked by a double bearing wall 2 consisting of a first bearing surface material 2a and a second bearing surface material 2b, or a conventional single bearing wall 10. Double bearing walls 2 are provided in openings 9 including the pillars 5 at the four corners of the first and second floors, and single bearing walls 10 are provided in other openings 9. An exterior material such as siding is provided on the outdoor side of the bearing walls 2, 10 via a waterproof sheet (not shown), and an interior material is provided on the indoor side via a heat insulating material (not shown).

[0014] As shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, a notch 11 is provided by a cutting process on the inner peripheral edge on the outdoor side of the opening 9 where the double bearing wall 2 is provided. As shown in Fig. 4(b), the notch 11 has an L-shaped cross section with a depth H and a width W. The depth H of the notch 11 is 9.5 mm, which is the same as the thickness of the first bearing face material 2a, so that the first bearing face material 2a, the foundation 4, the two columns 5, and the cross member 6 are flush with each other when the first bearing face material 2a described later is fitted into the notch 11. The width W of the notch 11 is larger than the thickness of the first bearing face material 2a, and is preferably 9.5 mm or more, so that the first bearing face material 2a can be satisfactorily placed on the notch 11 when the first bearing face material 2a is fitted into the notch 11.

[0015] The first load-bearing surface material 2a constituting the inner wall of the double load-bearing wall 2 is made of an inorganic material such as wood-based material such as structural plywood or fire-resistant material such as gypsum board, and has a rectangular shape sized to fit into the notch 11 of the opening 9, and its thickness is the same as the depth H of the notch 11. As the first load-bearing surface material 2a, Mois (registered trademark) manufactured by Aicatec Building Materials Co., Ltd. is preferable. The outer peripheral edge of the first load-bearing surface material 2a is fitted into the notch 11 and adhered with an adhesive.

[0016] The second load-bearing surface material 2b constituting the outer wall of the double load-bearing wall 2 has a rectangular shape larger than the first load-bearing surface material 2a, and has the same thickness as the first load-bearing surface material 2a. As with the first load-bearing surface material 2a, the second load-bearing surface material 2b is preferably Mois (registered trademark) manufactured by Aicatec Building Materials Co., Ltd. The outer periphery of the second load-bearing surface material 2b is fixed to two columns 5 (first and second frame members), a foundation 4, and cross members 6 (third and fourth frame members) by nailing with nails 13.

[0017] The single-layer load-bearing wall 10 has the same shape and is a load-bearing surface material (the third load-bearing surface material of the present invention) as the second load-bearing surface material 2b of the double load-bearing wall 2, and its outer edge is fixed by nailing to two pillars 5 (the first and second frame members), the foundation 4, and the cross members 6 (the third and fourth frame members).

[0018] Next, a construction procedure for the bearing wall 2 of the wooden house 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 1, a wooden house 1 is assembled on a foundation 3 using a wooden frame construction method with a sill 4, pillars 5, and horizontal members 6 (frame members) such as beams and girders. Between two pillars 5, a tying member 7 and a partition 8 are provided as necessary. A notch 11 is provided by a jerking process on the inner peripheral edge of the sill 4, pillars 5, and horizontal members 6 on the outdoor side of an opening 9 where a double load-bearing wall 2 will be provided, to form an inset portion 12. The notch 11 can be processed on-site after the sill 4, pillars 5, beams, girders, and other horizontal members 6 are assembled, but it can also be processed in advance at the same time as the sill 4, pillars 5, beams, girders, and other horizontal members 6 are processed in a factory.

[0020] An adhesive S, such as a one-component urethane resin adhesive, is applied to the notches 11 of the opening 9 where the double load-bearing wall 2 will be provided. The adhesive S may also be applied to the outer periphery of the first load-bearing face material 2a. The first load-bearing face material 2a is fitted into the fitting portion 12, and the outer periphery of the first load-bearing face material 2a is pressed against the notch 11 to adhere it. This makes the exterior surface of the first load-bearing face material 2a flush with the cross members 6 (frame members) such as the foundation 4, columns 5, beams and girders.

[0021] Next, the second load-bearing face material 2b is placed so as to overlap the first load-bearing face material 2a, and the outer periphery of the second load-bearing face material 2b is nailed with nails 13 to cross members 6 (frame members) such as foundations 4, columns 5, beams, and girders. Nailing is preferably performed at a position that is at least the thickness of the second load-bearing face material 2b (for example, 12 mm) away from the edge of the second load-bearing face material 2b, and at a constant pitch of 100 mm or less. If there are studs 8 or tying members 7 between the two columns 5, nails are driven along them, penetrating the second load-bearing face material 2b and the first load-bearing face material 2a, at a pitch twice the periphery.

[0022] In the opening 9 where the single load-bearing wall 10 is to be provided, a load-bearing surface material similar to the second load-bearing surface material 2b is placed, and the outer peripheral edge is nailed to the cross members 6 (frame members) such as the foundation 4, columns 5, beams, girders, etc. in the same manner as the second load-bearing surface material 2b of the double load-bearing wall 2.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 4(b), the first bearing surface material 2a constituting the load-bearing wall 2 constructed in this manner has its outer peripheral surface fitted into the notch 11, and its outer peripheral edge is sandwiched between the second bearing surface material 2b and the bottom surface of the notch 11, so that it has high strength against external forces that try to separate the first bearing surface material 2a from the notch 11, particularly against torsion. In addition, since the first bearing surface material 2a and the second bearing surface material 2b overlap each other, the external force acting on the load-bearing wall 2 is distributed to the first bearing surface material 2a and the second bearing surface material 2b, so that it has high strength against displacement in the direction perpendicular to the surface. In this way, the load-bearing wall 2 of this embodiment has high strength as a load-bearing wall 2 due to the synergistic effect of the first bearing surface material 2a and the second bearing surface material 2b, has strong resistance to external forces caused by earthquakes and typhoons, improves its strength as a load-bearing wall 2, and prevents the nails 13 from loosening.

[0024] In addition, double load-bearing walls 2 consisting of a first load-bearing panel 2a and a second load-bearing panel 2b are strategically placed and attached to the side openings 9, including the pillars 5 at the four corners of the wooden house, so that the wooden house can efficiently withstand external forces acting on the entire structure.

[0025] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.

[0026] For example, in the above embodiment, the double bearing walls 2 are applied to the openings 9 in the side walls including the pillars 5 at the four corners of the wooden walkway house 1, but if there is a window frame in the openings 9 in the side walls including the pillars 5 at the four corners, the double bearing walls 2 can be attached above and below the window frame, and if there is a door frame, the double bearing walls 2 can be attached to the opening next to the door frame. Also, it is preferable to provide the double bearing walls 2 in all of the four openings 9 in the side walls including the pillars 5 at the four corners (outer corners), but if there are circumstances that make it impossible to provide the double bearing walls 2 in the openings 9 due to the structure of the building frame, the attachment of the bearing walls 2 to the openings 9 may be omitted, and if there is a pillar 5 at an inside corner, the double bearing walls 2 may also be provided in the openings 9 in the side walls including the pillars 5 at the inside corners.

[0027] In the above embodiment, the first load-bearing surface material 2a is adhered to the notch 11 with adhesive S, but it may be nailed or a combination of adhesive and nailing. Similarly, the second load-bearing surface material 2b may be adhered to a new notch provided in the framework member, or a combination of adhesive and nailing may be used.

[0028] The double bearing wall 2 of the present invention can be applied to the floor wall of the first floor and the ceiling wall (which is also the floor of the second floor) as described below.

[0029] As shown in Fig. 6(a), in the case of a floor bearing wall 21 applied to a floor wall, a notch 11 is provided on the periphery of an opening 9 surrounded by four sills 4 adjacent to the columns 5 at the four corners, and a first strength-bearing face material 2a is fitted and adhered to this notch 11, and then a second strength-bearing face material 2b is placed on top and nailed with nails 13. As shown in Fig. 6(a), in the case of a ceiling bearing wall 22 applied to a ceiling wall, as in the case of the floor bearing wall 21, a notch 11 is provided on the periphery of an opening 9 surrounded by two beams 6a and two girders 6b adjacent to the columns 5 at the four corners, and then a first strength-bearing face material 2a is fitted and adhered to this notch 11, and then a second strength-bearing face material 2b is placed on top and nailed with nails 13. As shown in FIG. 7, in the case of a floor load-bearing wall 21 or a ceiling load-bearing wall 22, it is preferable to provide notches 14a, 14b at the four corners of the first load-bearing panel 2a and the second load-bearing panel 2b so as not to interfere with the columns 5 or studs 8.

[0030] In this way, double load-bearing walls 21, 22 consisting of a first load-bearing panel 2a and a second load-bearing panel 2b are strategically positioned and attached to the openings 9 in the floor or ceiling surface of the first floor (floor surface of the second floor) adjacent to the pillars 5 at the four corners of the wooden house, thereby efficiently resisting external forces acting on the entire structure of the wooden house. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1. Wooden house 2...Double load-bearing wall 2a…First load-bearing surface material 2b…Second load-bearing surface material 3…Fundamentals 4. Base 5. Pillar 6…Horizontal member 6a…Beam 6b…digit 7…Body joint material 8…Stud 9…Opening 10...Single-layer load-bearing wall 11…Cut 12…Fitting part 13...nail 21…Floor bearing wall 22…Ceiling load-bearing wall

Claims

1. A load-bearing wall of a wooden house is provided to close a rectangular opening surrounded by first and second frame members parallel to each other and third and fourth frame members parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first and second frame members, The load-bearing wall includes a first load-bearing surface material and a second load-bearing surface material overlapped on the first load-bearing surface material, The outer peripheral edge of the first load-bearing face material is fitted into a fitting portion formed of a notch provided on an inner peripheral edge on one side of the opening, A load-bearing wall structure for a wooden house, characterized in that the outer peripheral edge of the second load-bearing surface material is fixed to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members.

2. 2. The load-bearing wall structure for a wooden house according to claim 1, wherein the cut has a depth equal to the thickness of the first load-bearing face material.

3. 2. The load-bearing wall structure for a wooden house according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral edge of the first load-bearing face material is glued to the notch.

4. 2. A load-bearing wall structure for a wooden house according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral edge of the second load-bearing surface material is nailed to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members.

5. A double load-bearing wall consisting of the first load-bearing surface material and the second load-bearing surface material is attached to the opening of the side including the four corner pillars of the wooden house, A load-bearing wall structure for a wooden house as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a single-layer load-bearing wall made of a third load-bearing surface material having the same structure as the second load-bearing surface material is attached to other openings other than the openings on the side surface including the pillars at the four corners of the wooden house.

6. A double load-bearing wall consisting of the first load-bearing surface material and the second load-bearing surface material is attached to the opening in the floor or ceiling surface adjacent to the pillars at the four corners of the wooden house, A load-bearing wall structure for a wooden house as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a single-layer load-bearing wall made of a third load-bearing surface material having the same structure as the second load-bearing surface material is attached to all openings other than the openings in the floor or ceiling surface adjacent to the pillars at the four corners of the wooden house.

7. A method for constructing a bearing wall of a wooden house, the bearing wall being provided to close a rectangular opening surrounded by first and second frame members parallel to each other and third and fourth frame members parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first and second frame members, comprising: a fitting portion forming step of forming a fitting portion of the bearing wall by providing a notch on an inner peripheral edge on one side of the opening; A first strength-bearing surface material attachment process of fitting a first strength-bearing surface material into the fitting portion and adhering it to the cut; a second strength panel installation step of overlapping the first strength panel on the second strength panel and nailing the second strength panel to the first and second frame members and the third and fourth frame members.

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