System and method for producing hydrogen by ammonia decomposition

Abstract

To provide a system and a method for producing hydrogen with low cost for decomposing raw materials, high energy utilization rate, and low energy consumption.SOLUTION: A system and a method for producing hydrogen by ammonia decomposition reaction are disclosed. The system comprises an ammonia storage device 1, a heat exchange device 2, an ammonia decomposition reaction device 3, a first compression device 4, and a first adsorption device 5. The ammonia storage device communicates with a gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reaction device through a low-temperature liquid passage in the heat exchange device. A gas outlet 32 of the ammonia decomposition reaction device communicates with a first adsorption device through a gas passage in the heat exchange device and through the first compression device. The first adsorption device comprises a plurality of adsorption columns 51, 52 arranged in parallel. The first compression device communicates with inlets of the plurality of adsorption columns simultaneously. A control valve is installed between the adsorption inlet of each adsorption column and the first compression device. The adsorption outlets of the plurality of adsorption columns communicate with each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of clean energy facilities, and more particularly to a hydrogen production system and method by ammonia decomposition. [Background technology]

[0002] Hydrogen is a clean energy source with abundant supply, and has the characteristics of large energy density, high calorific value, abundant storage, wide supply source, high conversion efficiency, etc., and produces water after combustion and has no carbon emissions. However, the transportation and storage of hydrogen are important challenges that limit the popularization and application of hydrogen energy technology. Ammonia is a carbon-free hydrogen-rich carrier, and ammonia hydrogen storage has unique advantages such as high energy density, easy storage and transportation, high safety, mature industrial base, and no carbon emissions at the end. By using ammonia as a hydrogen storage carrier, hydrogen gas can be produced on-site through ammonia decomposition reaction at the energy end, and hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas or high-purity hydrogen can be directly produced. The production of hydrogen by decomposition of ammonia is an important reaction process in the "ammonia-hydrogen" energy technology route, and in the reaction process, ammonia is thermally decomposed to produce hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas with a volume fraction of 3:1. Due to the limitations of thermodynamic equilibrium, there is still a small amount of undecomposed ammonia in the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas after ammonia decomposition, and low-concentration ammonia generally needs to be removed to ppm level or even lower level by adsorption for downstream applications. However, in long-term use, the adsorbent will reach saturation and cannot continue to adsorb ammonia, and desorption regeneration is required periodically. In the prior art, it is generally necessary to install two or more adsorption columns to alternately perform "adsorption-desorption" cycles to meet the long-term supply of the hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition. In the desorption process of the prior art, not only is it necessary to prepare additional N2 to purge the adsorption column, but it also increases the raw material cost of the system. In addition, the adsorbed ammonia is still inevitably released, and if not treated, it will still be directly released into the atmosphere, or will be burned to produce higher concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and released directly into the atmosphere. x Both of these are pollutants that need to be controlled in the atmosphere, and in order to truly realize clean and highly efficient "ammonia-to-hydrogen" conversion and utilization, the emissions of ammonia gas and nitrogen oxides generated during the continuous operation of the system must be effectively controlled.

[0003] Chinese utility model CN208308426U discloses an apparatus for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia, comprising a bottom plate, a housing, a first adsorption column, and a second adsorption column, in which a box body is disposed above the bottom plate, a heat shield plate is provided within the housing, a heat exchanger is provided above the heat shield plate, a valve is provided between the heat exchanger and the box body, one end of the heat exchanger penetrates the box body and a valve is provided, the other end of the heat exchanger penetrates the partition plate and is connected to the inside of a decomposition furnace, a gas pipe is installed at the lower end of the decomposition furnace, the gas pipe penetrates the box body and is connected to the first adsorption column and the second adsorption column, molecular sieves of the first adsorption device and the second adsorption column are provided, and the first adsorption column and the second adsorption column are connected via a valve. In the present invention, liquid ammonia is converted into ammonia gas by a heat exchanger, and then the ammonia gas is converted into nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas by a decomposition furnace, thereby reducing the environmental damage caused by ammonia gas. After that, the hydrogen and nitrogen gas after decomposition is introduced into an adsorption column for adsorption, thereby improving the purity of the hydrogen and nitrogen. In the hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition of the present invention, the adsorption column needs to be purged with nitrogen, and the adsorption column that has already been saturated needs to be removed during the purging process, which increases the cost of the system materials, reduces the adsorption efficiency, and there is a risk of ammonia gas leaking during the adsorption process, which damages the environment. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a system and method for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia, which does not emit ammonia gas and nitrogen oxides during adsorption, is suitable for decomposing ammonia to supply gas for a long period of time, has low cost for decomposing raw materials, high energy utilization rate, and low energy consumption. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention uses the following technical solutions: A hydrogen production system by an ammonia decomposition reaction, comprising an ammonia storage device, a heat exchanger, an ammonia decomposition reaction device, a first compression device, and a first adsorption device, The liquid discharge port of the ammonia storage device is connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device through a low-temperature liquid passage in the heat exchange device, and the gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device is connected to the first compression device through a gas passage in the heat exchange device, and the liquid ammonia discharged from the ammonia storage device and the mixed gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reaction device are heat exchanged through the heat exchange device, and the gas after the heat exchange is introduced into the first compression device, The first adsorption device comprises a plurality of adsorption columns arranged in parallel, the outlet of the first compression device is simultaneously connected to the adsorption inlets of the plurality of adsorption columns arranged in parallel, a control valve is correspondingly installed in the piping between the adsorption inlet of each of the adsorption columns and the first compression device, the adsorption outlets of the plurality of adsorption columns are connected to each other, a control valve is installed between the adsorption outlets of two adjacent adsorption columns, the adsorption inlet of each of the adsorption columns is further connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device through a piping, a control valve is installed in the piping between the adsorption inlet of each of the adsorption columns and the ammonia decomposition reaction device, when the control valve located between the adsorption outlets of the two adjacent adsorption columns is opened, the mixed gas adsorbed by the adsorption columns can enter the ammonia decomposition reaction device through the adsorption inlet of one of the adsorption columns.

[0006] Preferably, the heat exchange device includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is provided with a first cryogenic liquid inlet, a first cryogenic liquid outlet, a first hot air inlet, and a first hot air outlet, the first cryogenic liquid inlet and the first cryogenic liquid outlet are connected in a pair, and the first hot air inlet and the first hot air outlet are connected in a pair; The second heat exchanger is provided with a second cold air inlet, a second cold air outlet, a second hot air inlet, and a second hot air outlet, the second cold air inlet and the second cold air outlet being a pair communicating with each other, and the second hot air inlet and the second hot air outlet being a pair communicating with each other; The liquid outlet of the ammonia storage device is sequentially connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device via the first low-temperature liquid inlet, the first low-temperature liquid outlet, the second cold air inlet, and the second cold air outlet, and the gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device is sequentially connected to the inlet of the first compression device via the second hot air inlet, the second hot air outlet, the first hot air inlet, and the first hot air outlet. The first heat exchanger can perform heat exchange between the gas discharged from the second heat exchanger and the gas discharged from the ammonia storage device, and discharge the gas after the heat exchange from the first heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger can introduce the gas discharged from the first heat exchanger into the ammonia decomposition reaction device, and perform heat exchange between the gas discharged from the first heat exchanger and the gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reaction device, and introduce the gas after the heat exchange back into the first heat exchanger.

[0007] A second compressor is further installed in a pipe between the first adsorption device and the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3), a regulating valve is provided in a pipe between the first cryogenic liquid outlet and the second cold air inlet; An air-cooling device is further provided in the piping between the second hot air outlet and the first hot air inlet.

[0008] A buffer tank is installed at the inlet end of the first compression device, the outlet end of the first compression device, the inlet end of the second compression device, and the outlet end of the second compression device.

[0009] Preferably, the first adsorption apparatus comprises a first adsorption column and a second adsorption column arranged in parallel, an adsorption inlet of the first adsorption apparatus, and a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve, a fourth control valve, a fifth control valve, a sixth control valve, and a seventh control valve arranged at an adsorption outlet of the first adsorption apparatus, the first adsorption column is provided with a first adsorption inlet and a first adsorption outlet, the second adsorption column is provided with a second adsorption inlet and a second adsorption outlet, a first pipe is installed between the first adsorption inlet and the second adsorption inlet, the first adsorption outlet and the second adsorption outlet are communicated via a second pipe, a third pipe is connected in parallel below the first pipe, a fourth pipe is installed at the first adsorption outlet, and a fifth pipe is installed at the second adsorption outlet, The first control valve is installed between the first compression device and the first adsorption inlet, the third control valve is installed between the first compression device and the second adsorption inlet, the fifth control valve is installed in the second piping, the second control valve is installed in the fourth piping, a fourth control valve is installed in the fifth piping, a sixth control valve is installed between the first adsorption inlet and the ammonia decomposition reactor, and a seventh control valve is installed between the second adsorption inlet and the ammonia decomposition reactor.

[0010] The hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition further includes a buffer device and a second adsorption device, the second adsorption device including a plurality of adsorption columns installed in parallel, an adsorption outlet of the adsorption column in the first adsorption device being connected to one end of the buffer device, and the other end of the buffer device being connected to an adsorption inlet of the adsorption column in the second adsorption device.

[0011] Preferably, the second adsorption apparatus comprises a third adsorption column and a fourth adsorption column arranged in parallel, and an eighth control valve, a ninth control valve, a tenth control valve, an eleventh control valve, a twelfth control valve, a thirteenth control valve, and a fourteenth control valve arranged at an adsorption inlet of the second adsorption apparatus and an adsorption outlet of the second adsorption apparatus, the third adsorption column is provided with a third adsorption inlet and a third adsorption outlet, the fourth adsorption column is provided with a fourth adsorption inlet and a fourth adsorption outlet, a sixth pipe is installed between the third adsorption inlet and the fourth adsorption inlet, the third adsorption outlet and the fourth adsorption outlet are communicated with each other via a seventh pipe, an eighth pipe is connected in parallel below the sixth pipe, the third adsorption outlet is communicated with a ninth pipe, and the fourth adsorption outlet is communicated with a tenth pipe, A thirteenth control valve is installed in the sixth pipe at a position adjacent to the third adsorption column, a fourteenth control valve is installed in the sixth pipe at a position adjacent to the fourth adsorption column, an eighth control valve is installed between the buffer device (7) and the third adsorption inlet, a tenth control valve is installed between the buffer device and the fourth adsorption inlet, a twelfth control valve is installed in the seventh pipe, a ninth control valve is installed in the ninth pipe, and an eleventh control valve is installed in the tenth pipe.

[0012] The system for producing hydrogen by ammonia decomposition further includes a combustion device, a third adsorption inlet of the third adsorption column and a fourth adsorption inlet of the fourth adsorption column each communicate with an inlet of the combustion device, and an outlet of the combustion device communicates with the ammonia decomposition reaction device.

[0013] The system for producing hydrogen by ammonia decomposition further comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, an adsorption outlet of the first adsorption device is in communication with the hydrogen fuel cell, an outlet end of the hydrogen fuel cell is in communication with an inlet of the combustion device, and an outlet of the combustion device is in communication with the ammonia decomposition reactor.

[0014] A method for producing hydrogen using an ammonia decomposition reaction-based hydrogen production system, comprising: The method includes the steps of: Step S1 of introducing liquid ammonia into a heat exchanger and heating the liquid ammonia to 550° C. or higher; Step S2 of introducing ammonia gas into an ammonia decomposition reaction apparatus to carry out an ammonia decomposition reaction; Step S3 of discharging the decomposed mixed gas from the ammonia decomposition reaction apparatus and cooling it to room temperature; Step S4 of introducing the cooled mixed gas into a first compression device and compressing it; A step S5 of introducing the mixed gas compressed by the first compression device into a first adsorption column of a first adsorption device, adsorbing the mixed gas in the first adsorption column until the first adsorption column reaches a saturated state, and simultaneously passing 5 to 15% of the mixed gas in the first adsorption column through a second adsorption column and purging the second adsorption column; Step S6: discharging the purged mixed gas from the second adsorption column and reintroducing it into the ammonia decomposition reaction device to carry out the ammonia decomposition reaction; a step S7 of introducing the mixed gas compressed by the first compression device into a second adsorption column of an adsorption device, adsorbing the mixed gas in the second adsorption column until the second adsorption column reaches a saturated state, and simultaneously passing 5 to 15% of the mixed gas in the second adsorption column through a first adsorption column (51) to purge the first adsorption column; Step S8: discharging the purged mixed gas from the first adsorption column and reintroducing it into the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) to carry out an ammonia decomposition reaction; The steps S5 to S8 include a step S9 which is repeatedly performed. Effect of the Invention

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: A. The present invention uses valves to control the adsorption columns in the adsorption device by installing multiple heat exchangers, and realizes the synchronization of adsorption and desorption of the adsorption columns, and improves the adsorption efficiency of the system by using a solution in which multiple adsorption columns are installed in parallel. The purge gas of the purge adsorption column is compressed by a compressor and then returned to the inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor, and then mixed with the preheated ammonia gas and enters the ammonia decomposition reactor, thereby realizing the recycling of ammonia in the desorption outlet gas and realizing 100% utilization of ammonia.

[0016] B. The entire system of the present invention provides only hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas (75% H2+25% N2) from which ammonia has been removed by deep adsorption to the outside, and no other exhaust gases are discharged, reducing the risk of ammonia gas and nitrogen oxides damaging the environment, realizing zero emissions throughout the system and improving the purity of hydrogen gas in the mixed gas. The ammonia decomposition reactor decomposes ammonia gas and then connects it to the adsorption device to perform adsorption, and after the adsorption is completed, a portion of the mixed gas is used to purge the adsorption column saturated with adsorption, eliminating the need to introduce an additional gas source as a purge gas, reducing the raw material cost and energy consumption of the system, improving the compactness of the system, and at the same time reducing environmental pollution during the production process. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] In the following, in order to more clearly explain the specific embodiments of the present invention, we will briefly describe the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific embodiments. However, the accompanying drawings in the following description are part of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that they can obtain other accompanying drawings based on these drawings without requiring creative efforts.

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (1) of the overall structure of a hydrogen production system using an ammonia decomposition reaction according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen production system by the ammonia decomposition reaction of the present invention (II). [Diagram 3]FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen production system by the ammonia decomposition reaction of the present invention (III). [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen production system by an ammonia decomposition reaction according to the present invention (IV). [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen production system by the ammonia decomposition reaction of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings, and the described embodiments are obviously only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition, comprising an ammonia storage device 1, a heat exchanger 2, an ammonia decomposition reactor 3, a first compressor 4, and a first adsorption device 5. An ammonia decomposition catalyst is loaded in the ammonia decomposition reactor 3. The liquid outlet of the ammonia storage device 1 is connected to the gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 through the low-temperature liquid passage in the heat exchanger 2. The gas outlet 32 ​​of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 is connected to the first compressor 4 through the gas passage in the heat exchanger 2. The liquid ammonia discharged from the ammonia storage device 1 and the mixed gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 are heat exchanged through the heat exchanger 2, and the gas after heat exchange is introduced into the first compressor 4. The first adsorption device 5 comprises a plurality of adsorption columns arranged in parallel, the outlet of the first compression device 4 is connected to the adsorption inlets of the plurality of adsorption columns arranged in parallel at the same time, a control valve is installed in the piping between the adsorption inlet of each adsorption column and the first compression device 4, the adsorption outlets of the plurality of adsorption columns are connected to each other, a control valve is installed between the adsorption outlets of two adjacent adsorption columns, the adsorption inlet of each adsorption column is further connected to the gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 through a piping, a control valve is installed in the piping between the adsorption inlet of each adsorption column and the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, when the control valve located between the adsorption outlets of the two adjacent adsorption columns is opened, the mixed gas adsorbed by the adsorption columns can be introduced into the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 through the adsorption inlet of one of the adsorption columns, so as to further carry out the decomposition reaction of ammonia gas.

[0021] The hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition reaction of the present invention can realize simultaneous adsorption and desorption in the adsorption column, and uses a solution in which multiple adsorption columns are installed in parallel to improve the adsorption efficiency of the system. The purge gas of the purge adsorption column is compressed by a compressor and then returned to the inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor, and then merges with the preheated ammonia gas and enters the ammonia decomposition reactor, realizing the ammonia recycling of the desorption outlet gas, and realizing 100% utilization of ammonia. The energy loss of the system is reduced and the energy utilization rate of the system is improved. The entire system only provides to the outside a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen (75% H2+25% N2) from which ammonia has been removed by deep adsorption, and there is no emission of other exhaust gases, realizing zero emission of the entire system, and improving the purity of hydrogen gas in the mixed gas. The hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition provided by the present invention uses partially adsorbed gas for purging, so there is no need to introduce an additional gas source as a purge gas, reducing the raw material cost of the system and improving the production efficiency of the system.

[0022] Further, the heat exchange device 2 includes a first heat exchanger 21 and a second heat exchanger 22, and the first heat exchanger 21 is provided with a first low-temperature liquid inlet 211, a first low-temperature liquid outlet 212, a first hot air inlet 213, and a first hot air outlet 214, the first low-temperature liquid inlet 211 and the first low-temperature liquid outlet 212 are a pair that communicate with each other, and the first hot air inlet 213 and the first hot air outlet 214 are a pair that communicate with each other. The second heat exchanger 22 is provided with a second cold air inlet 221, a second cold air outlet 222, a second hot air inlet 223, and a second hot air outlet 224, the second cold air inlet 221 and the second cold air outlet 222 are a pair that communicate with each other, and the second hot air inlet 223 and the second hot air outlet 224 are a pair that communicate with each other. The liquid outlet of the ammonia storage device 1 is sequentially connected to the gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 via the first cold liquid inlet 211, the first cold liquid outlet 212, the second cold air inlet 221, and the second cold air outlet 222, and the gas outlet 32 ​​in the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 is sequentially connected to the inlet of the first compression device 4 via the second hot air inlet 223, the second hot air outlet 224, the first hot air inlet 213, and the first hot air outlet 214. Specifically, the first cryogenic liquid inlet 211 and the first cryogenic liquid outlet 212 are used to transport the liquid ammonia flowing out from the ammonia storage device 1, and the first hot air inlet 213 and the first hot air outlet 214 are used to transport the mixed gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 and cooled by heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 22, where the first heat exchanger 21 heats and vaporizes the liquid ammonia between the first cryogenic liquid inlet 211 and the first cryogenic liquid outlet 212 to form ammonia gas. The heat exchange element of the first heat exchanger 21 can convert the heat of the mixed gas between the first hot air inlet 213 and the first hot air outlet 214 into the liquid ammonia flowing between the first low-temperature liquid inlet 211 and the first low-temperature liquid outlet 212, and increase the temperature of the liquid ammonia to accelerate the vaporization of the liquid ammonia to generate ammonia gas, thereby reducing the heat required for the subsequent heating of the liquid ammonia, reducing the heat consumption, and at the same time effectively utilizing the heat generated by the system.In addition, a control valve 23 is provided between the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22 to control the amount of ammonia gas flowing into the second heat exchanger 22, so that the ammonia gas can be sufficiently decomposed to generate sufficient hydrogen gas. The control valve 23 is used to adjust the flow rate of the ammonia gas generated by the vaporization of liquid ammonia flowing into the second heat exchanger 22, and further controls the flow rate inside the subsequent ammonia decomposition reaction device 3, so that the heat from the second heat exchanger 22 can be efficiently converted. The second cold air inlet 221 and the second cold air outlet 222 are used to transport the ammonia gas flowing out of the ammonia storage device 1 and vaporized by the first heat exchanger 21. The second hot air inlet 223 and the second hot air outlet 224 are used to transport the mixed gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3, where the heat exchange element of the second heat exchanger 22 can further heat the gas heated by the first heat exchanger 21 from between the second cold air inlet 221 and the second cold air outlet 222, so as to reach the temperature required for ammonia decomposition, and the heat exchange element of the second heat exchanger 22 can convert the heat amount of the mixed gas between the second hot air inlet 223 and the second hot air outlet 224 into the heat amount of the ammonia gas flowing from between the second cold air inlet 221 and the second cold air outlet 222, thereby reducing the energy required to heat the ammonia gas to the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature, and achieving the effect of saving energy loss. At the same time, the heat amount of the gas after ammonia decomposition is effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of the system is improved.

[0023] In order to better control the inflow of liquid ammonia, the system adjusts the supply of liquid ammonia according to the actual production situation, so as to obtain suitable and sufficient hydrogen gas, the outlet of the storage device 1 is connected to a stop valve 11, and the stop valve 11 is further connected to a liquid pump 12, preferably a pressure transmission device is connected to the outside of the liquid pump 12, through which the liquid pump 12 can adjust the inflow of liquid ammonia according to the gas pressure in the system, so that the hydrogen gas generated by the system reaction can be reliably generated within a stable section, which can improve the stability of the system and at the same time improve the flexibility of the system, and ensure that sufficient ammonia gas is supplied to the ammonia decomposition system. One end of the liquid pump 12 is connected to the first low-temperature liquid inlet 211 of the first heat exchanger 21 through a pipe.

[0024] A second compressor 6 is further installed in the piping between the first adsorption device 5 and the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3. The ammonia decomposition reactor 3 is provided with a gas inlet 31 and a gas outlet 32, and the gas inlet 31 and the gas outlet 32 ​​are respectively located at both ends of the reaction body of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, where a connection device 20 is installed at a position adjacent to the gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, one side of the connection device 20 is connected to the reaction body of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, and the other side is connected to the second cold air outlet 222 of the second heat exchanger 22, so that the ammonia gas discharged from the second heat exchanger 22 and the mixed gas discharged from the second compressor 6 can simultaneously enter the inside of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 through the connection device 20 and react, thereby decomposing the ammonia gas into hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas. The gas outlet 32 ​​of the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 is connected to the second hot air inlet 223 of the second heat exchanger 22, and the mixed gas of hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas after the decomposition is completed is then discharged to the second heat exchanger 22, thereby heating the ammonia gas introduced from the first heat exchanger 21.

[0025] The ammonia gas heated by the second heat exchanger 22 flows into the inside of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 through the connecting device 20, and then undergoes an ammonia decomposition reaction to produce a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas, and residual ammonia gas. The produced mixed gas is then reintroduced into the second hot air inlet 223 of the second heat exchanger 22 through the gas outlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, and then the heat of the mixed gas is transferred to the ammonia gas by the second heat exchange component in the second heat exchanger 22, thereby reducing the temperature of the mixed gas and increasing the temperature of the ammonia gas, thereby reducing the energy loss. Since the gas produced by the decomposition of ammonia has a higher temperature, in order to further reduce the temperature of the mixed gas, make the mixed gas suitable for the adsorption action of the subsequent adsorption device and the purging action of the adsorption column, and improve the adsorption effect and purging effect of the adsorption device, an air cooler 24 is connected between the second hot air outlet 224 of the second heat exchanger 22 and the first hot air inlet 213 of the first heat exchanger 21, which is used to further reduce the temperature of the mixed gas discharged from the second heat exchanger 22, make the mixed gas better suitable for the adsorption and purging of the subsequent adsorption device, and at the same time reduce the energy required for converting the heat quantity of the first heat exchanger 22, improve the purging and adsorption effect, and at the same time reduce the energy consumption of the entire system. After being cooled by the air-cooling device 24, the mixed gas with reduced temperature is then introduced into the first hot air inlet 213 of the first heat exchanger 21, and then flows through the first heat exchange element in the first heat exchanger 21, which transfers the remaining heat of the mixed gas with reduced temperature to liquid ammonia, thereby reducing the temperature of the mixed gas, and the mixed gas with reduced temperature is then introduced into the first compression device 4 through the first hot air outlet 214, which can compress the mixed gas with reduced temperature for adsorption and purging in the subsequent first adsorption device 5; preferably, a buffer tank 71 is installed at both the inlet end of the first compression device 4 and the outlet end of the first compression device 4, thereby improving the compression effect of the first compression device 4 on the gas.

[0026] By installing the first heat exchanger 21, the second heat exchanger 22, the regulating valve 23 for adjusting the flow rate, and the air cooling device 24 for cooling the mixed gas, which are connected in series with each other, the temperature of the liquid ammonia discharged from the ammonia storage device 1 can be increased, and the liquid ammonia can be heated more quickly to reach the temperature required for the subsequent ammonia decomposition reaction, thereby improving the efficiency of the ammonia decomposition reaction. At the same time, the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22 transfer the heat of the gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 to the ammonia gas, reducing the heat loss of the system and improving the energy utilization rate of the system. In addition, the mixed gas after the ammonia decomposition reaction can reach a stable temperature after the heat exchange of the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 22, which is also advantageous for the subsequent first adsorption device 5 to adsorb the ammonia gas in the mixed gas, thereby improving the purity of the hydrogen gas in the mixed gas.

[0027] The first adsorption apparatus 5 comprises a first adsorption column 51 and a second adsorption column 52 arranged in parallel, and a first control valve a, a second control valve b, a third control valve c, a fourth control valve d, a fifth control valve e, a sixth control valve f, and a seventh control valve g arranged at the adsorption inlet and adsorption outlet of the first adsorption apparatus 5. The first adsorption column 51 is provided with a first adsorption inlet 511 and a first adsorption outlet 512, and the second adsorption column 52 is provided with a second adsorption inlet 521 and a second adsorption outlet 522. A first pipe 53 is installed between the first adsorption column 51 and the second adsorption inlet 521, the first adsorption outlet 512 and the second adsorption outlet 522 are connected via a second pipe 54, a third pipe 55 is connected in parallel below the first pipe 53, a fourth pipe 56 is installed at the first adsorption outlet 512, and a fifth pipe 57 is installed at the second adsorption outlet 522, the fourth pipe 56 is used to discharge the gas adsorbed in the first adsorption column 51, and the fifth pipe 57 is used to discharge the gas adsorbed in the second adsorption column 52. A first control valve a is installed between the first compression device 4 and the first adsorption inlet 511, a third control valve c is installed between the first compression device 4 and the second adsorption inlet 521, a fifth control valve e is installed in the second pipe 54, a second control valve b is installed in the fourth pipe 56, a fourth control valve d is installed in the fifth pipe 57, a sixth control valve f is installed between the first adsorption inlet 511 and the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, and a seventh control valve g is installed between the second adsorption inlet 521 and the ammonia decomposition reactor 3. The first compression device 4 is connected to a first adsorption inlet 511 of the first adsorption column 51 via a first control valve a, the first compression device 4 is connected to a second adsorption inlet 521 of the second adsorption column 52 via a third control valve c, the first adsorption inlet 511 of the first adsorption column 51 is connected to a gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 via a sixth control valve f, and the second adsorption inlet 521 of the second adsorption column 52 is connected to the gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 via a seventh control valve g.

[0028] In order to more effectively promote the decomposition reaction of the residual ammonia gas and improve the production amount of hydrogen gas in the entire system, preferably, a second compression device 6 is installed between the first adsorption device 5 and the gas inlet 31 of the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3, the first adsorption inlet 511 of the first adsorption column 51 communicates with the second compression device 6 through a sixth control valve f, and the second adsorption inlet 521 of the second adsorption column 52 communicates with the second compression device 6 through a seventh control valve g. In addition, in order to improve the compression effect of the second compression device 6, a buffer tank 71 is installed at both the inlet end and the outlet end of the second compression device 6.

[0029] After the mixed gas is compressed by the first compressor 4, it flows into the first adsorption device 5 through a pipe. At this time, the first control valve a is opened, and after the mixed gas passes through the first control valve a, it is introduced into the first adsorption column 51 for room temperature adsorption. Then, the second control valve b, the fifth control valve e, and the seventh control valve g are opened, and the mixed gas that has been completely adsorbed is discharged from the first adsorption column 51 through the second control valve b. At the same time, 5 to 15% of the mixed gas enters the second adsorption column 52 through the second pipe 54 and purges the second adsorption column 52. The purged gas is discharged from the second adsorption column 52 through the seventh control valve g and enters the second compressor 6. After the first adsorption column 51 completes adsorption and reaches saturation, the first control valve a and the second control valve b are closed, the third control valve c, the fifth control valve e, and the sixth control valve f are opened, the mixed gas compressed by the first compression device 4 is fed into the second adsorption column 52 for adsorption, and at the same time, 5 to 15% of the mixed gas is fed into the first adsorption column 51 via the second piping 54, and the first adsorption column 51 is purged. At the same time, the fourth control valve d is opened, and the remaining mixed gas adsorbed by the second adsorption column 52 is discharged from the second adsorption column 52 via the fourth control valve d. The purged mixed gas is discharged from the first adsorption column 51 via the sixth control valve f, and is fed into the second compression device 6 for further compression. The compressed mixed gas enters the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 to further decompose the ammonia gas remaining in the mixed gas, thereby preventing the ammonia gas from being released into the air and causing the risk of air pollution, and at the same time reducing the amount of ammonia gas remaining in the mixed gas, and improving the hydrogen gas content in the mixed gas.

[0030] Here, after the adsorption in the second adsorption column 52 is saturated and the first adsorption column 51 is purged, adsorption can be carried out again, that is, first, the third control valve c, the fifth control valve e, and the sixth control valve f are opened, the compressed mixed gas passes through the second adsorption column 52, the second adsorption column 52 adsorbs the mixed gas, and the first adsorption column 51 is purged. After the second adsorption column 52 is saturated, the third control valve c is closed, and the first control valve a, the fifth control valve e, and the seventh control valve g are opened, so that the mixed gas passes through the first adsorption column 51 for adsorption, and the second adsorption column 52 is purged.

[0031] By installing multiple adsorption columns in parallel, and installing a control valve between the adsorption outlets of two adjacent adsorption columns, and connecting the adsorption inlets of the adsorption columns to the compression device, the adsorption and purging of the adsorption columns can be performed simultaneously, so that the adsorption device can always adsorb the mixed gas, and the step of replacing the saturated adsorption column can be reduced, thereby improving the adsorption effect and work efficiency of the adsorption device. In addition, by connecting the outlets of two adjacent adsorption columns, and using the adsorbed mixed gas to purge other adsorption columns, the system can effectively utilize the mixed gas generated by the system, reduce the demand and consumption of external nitrogen in the system, thereby reducing the energy loss of the system, improving the energy utilization rate of the system, and at the same time reducing the emission of harmful gases in the system. The gas after purging can be further compressed and enter the ammonia decomposition reactor to carry out the decomposition reaction, improving the gas utilization rate of the system, and at the same time improving the content of hydrogen gas in the mixed gas, reducing the content of ammonia gas in the mixed gas, and realizing 100% circulation of ammonia gas. The mixed gas after ammonia decomposition is adsorbed by two adsorption columns in the first adsorption device 5, and the mixed gas finally discharged from the first adsorption device 5 is a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas that has been deeply adsorbed and has had ammonia gas removed, thereby reducing the emission of harmful gases. The hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition of the present invention combines the mixed gas with a valve to purge the adsorption column, eliminating the need for extra nitrogen purging, thereby reducing the operating costs of the system.

[0032] In order to further improve the purity of hydrogen gas produced in the hydrogen production system by ammonia decomposition, and at the same time improve the utilization rate of the exhaust gas of the system, improve the adsorption effect of the system, and reduce the overall energy consumption of the system, the system is optimized based on Figures 2 to 5.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 2 , the system further includes a buffer device 7 and a second adsorption device 8, the second adsorption device 8 including a plurality of adsorption columns arranged in parallel, the adsorption outlet of the adsorption column in the first adsorption device 5 being connected to one end of the buffer device 7, and the other end of the buffer device 7 being connected to the adsorption inlet of the adsorption column in the second adsorption device 8. Preferably, the second adsorption device 8 comprises a third adsorption column 81 and a fourth adsorption column 82 arranged in parallel, and an eighth control valve h, a ninth control valve i, a tenth control valve j, an eleventh control valve k, a twelfth control valve m, a thirteenth control valve n, and a fourteenth control valve p arranged at the adsorption inlet and adsorption outlet of the second adsorption device 8, the third adsorption column 81 being provided with a third adsorption inlet 811 and a third adsorption outlet 812, the fourth adsorption column 82 being provided with a fourth adsorption inlet 821 and a fourth adsorption outlet 822, and the third A sixth pipe 83 is installed between the adsorption inlet 811 and the fourth adsorption inlet 821, the third adsorption outlet 812 and the fourth adsorption outlet 822 are connected via a seventh pipe 84, an eighth pipe 85 is connected in parallel below the sixth pipe 83, a ninth pipe 86 is connected to the third adsorption outlet 812, and a tenth pipe 87 is connected to the fourth adsorption outlet 822, the ninth pipe 86 is used to discharge gas adsorbed in the third adsorption column 81, and the tenth pipe 87 is used to discharge gas adsorbed in the fourth adsorption column 82. A thirteenth control valve n is installed in the sixth pipe 83 at a position adjacent to the third adsorption column 81, a fourteenth control valve p is installed in the sixth pipe 83 at a position adjacent to the fourth adsorption column 82, an eighth control valve h is installed between the buffer device 7 and the third adsorption inlet 811, a tenth control valve j is installed between the buffer device 7 and the fourth adsorption inlet 821, a twelfth control valve m is installed in the seventh pipe 84, a ninth control valve j is installed in the ninth pipe 86, and an eleventh control valve k is installed in the tenth pipe 87.

[0034] In order to better utilize the gas adsorbed in the third adsorption column 81 or the fourth adsorption column 82 and at the same time reduce the harm of exhaust gas, especially nitrogen oxides, being directly discharged into the air, as shown in FIG. 3, the third adsorption inlet 811 of the third adsorption column 81 and the fourth adsorption inlet 821 of the fourth adsorption column 82 are respectively connected to the inlet of the combustion device 9, and the outlet of the combustion device 9 is connected to the ammonia decomposition reactor 3. The combustion device 9 heats and burns the gas for purging the third adsorption column 81 and the fourth adsorption column 82 to generate combustion gas with a higher temperature, and then introduces the gas after combustion into the ammonia decomposition reactor 3, and uses the heat of the gas itself to provide heat for the ammonia gas decomposition process, thereby promoting the ammonia gas located in the ammonia decomposition reactor 3 to decompose and react more quickly and completely to generate hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas, thereby better reducing the energy consumption of the system.

[0035] 4 and 5, the ninth pipe 86 and the tenth pipe 87 of the second adsorption device 8 are both connected to a hydrogen energy terminal device, such as a hydrogen fuel cell or a hydrogen station, and the ninth pipe 86 and the tenth pipe 87 of the second adsorption device 8 can introduce the gas adsorbed by the third adsorption column 81 and the fourth adsorption column 82 into the hydrogen energy terminal device and use it as fuel. Here, as shown in FIG. 5, when the hydrogen energy terminal device is a hydrogen fuel cell 10, one end of the hydrogen energy terminal device is connected to a combustion device 9, and the other end of the combustion device 9 is connected to an ammonia decomposition reaction device 3, and the combustion device 9 can burn the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell 10, and the gas after combustion is introduced into the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 to heat the ammonia gas, which not only effectively utilizes the exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell, but also reduces the environmental pollution caused by the exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0036] Similarly, when the first adsorption device 5 and the second adsorption device 8 are in communication with each other, the mixed gas adsorbed by the first adsorption device 5 flows into the buffer device 7, is buffered by the buffer device 7, and is then discharged to the second adsorption device 8. At this time, the eighth control valve h is first opened, and the mixed gas passes through the first control valve a and is then introduced into the third adsorption column 81 for pressure adsorption. Then, the ninth control valve i, the twelfth control valve m, and the fourteenth control valve p are opened, and the mixed gas that has been completely adsorbed is discharged from the third adsorption column 81 via the ninth control valve i. The mixed gas is then further discharged through the twelfth control valve p. The fourth adsorption column 82 is purged through the valve m, and then discharged from the second adsorption device 8 through the fourteenth control valve p. After the third adsorption column 81 completes adsorption and reaches saturation, the eighth control valve h and the ninth control valve i are closed, and the tenth control valve j, the eleventh control valve k, the twelfth control valve m, and the thirteenth control valve n are opened to introduce the buffered mixed gas into the fourth adsorption column 82 for adsorption, and the third adsorption column 81 is purged through the twelfth control valve m. The purged gas is discharged from the third adsorption column 81 through the thirteenth control valve n.

[0037] After the adsorption in the fourth adsorption column 82 is saturated and the third adsorption column 81 has completed purging, adsorption can be carried out again, that is, the tenth control valve j and the twelfth control valve m are first opened to allow the compressed mixed gas to be adsorbed through the fourth adsorption column 82, and the third adsorption column 81 is purged. After the fourth adsorption column 82 is saturated, the tenth control valve j is closed, and the eighth control valve h and the twelfth control valve m are opened to allow the mixed gas to pass through the third adsorption column 81 for adsorption, and the fourth adsorption column 82 is purged.

[0038] In addition, the present invention further discloses a method for producing hydrogen using an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0039] Step S1 of introducing liquid ammonia into a heat exchanger 2 and heating the liquid ammonia to 550° C. or higher; Step S2: introducing the ammonia gas at 550° C. or higher in the heat exchanger 2 into an ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 to carry out an ammonia decomposition reaction; Step S3 of discharging the mixed gas decomposed by the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 from the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 and introducing the mixed gas into the heat exchanger 2 to cool the mixed gas to room temperature; Step S4 of introducing the mixed gas cooled to room temperature into a first compression device 4 and compressing it; A step S5 of introducing the mixed gas compressed by the first compression device 4 into a first adsorption column 51 of a first adsorption device 5, adsorbing the mixed gas in the first adsorption column 51 until the first adsorption column (51) reaches a saturated state, and simultaneously passing 5 to 15% of the mixed gas in the first adsorption column 51 through a second adsorption column 52 to purge the second adsorption column 52; Step S6: discharging the purged mixed gas from the second adsorption column 52 and reintroducing it into the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 to carry out the ammonia decomposition reaction; Step S7: introducing the mixed gas compressed by the first compressor 4 into a second adsorption column 52 of the adsorption apparatus, adsorbing the mixed gas in the second adsorption column 52 until the second adsorption column 52 reaches a saturated state, and simultaneously passing 5 to 15% of the mixed gas in the second adsorption column 52 through the first adsorption column 51 to purge the first adsorption column 52; Step S8: discharging the purged mixed gas from the first adsorption column 51 and reintroducing it into the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3 to carry out the ammonia decomposition reaction; Steps S5 to S8 include step S9 which is performed repeatedly.

[0040] Here, in step S5, the first control valve a of the first adsorption device 5 is opened, and the mixed gas is introduced into the first adsorption column 51 through the correspondingly connected piping; at the same time, the fifth control valve e of the first adsorption device 5 is opened, and 5-15% of the mixed gas is introduced into the second adsorption column 52 for purging. The remaining gas is discharged from the first adsorption column 51 through the second control valve b for subsequent gas collection and utilization. In step S6, the gas for which the purge has been completed is discharged from the first adsorption device 5 through the seventh control valve g, and enters the ammonia decomposition reaction device 3. In step S7, the third control valve c of the first adsorption device 5 is opened, and the mixed gas is introduced into the second adsorption column 52 through the correspondingly connected piping for adsorption; at the same time, the fifth control valve e of the first adsorption device 5 is opened, and 5-15% of the mixed gas is passed through the fifth control valve e to the first adsorption column 51 for purging, and the remaining gas is discharged through the fourth control valve d. In step S8, the purged gas is discharged from the first adsorption device 5 through the sixth control valve f and enters the ammonia decomposition reactor 3.

[0041] Similarly, the second adsorption column 52 may be adsorbed first, and the first adsorption column 51 may be purged first. After the second adsorption column 52 is saturated, the first adsorption column 51 is adsorbed, and the second adsorption column 52 is purged at the same time. After the purge is completed, the purged gas is introduced into the ammonia decomposition reaction apparatus 3 via the seventh control valve g and the sixth control valve f, so that the purge gas can be repeatedly used.

[0042] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear explanation, not limiting the implementation. Those skilled in the art can make modifications or changes in other different forms based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. However, obvious modifications or changes still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 1 Ammonia storage unit 11 Stop valve 12 Liquid Pump 2 Heat exchange device 21 First heat exchanger 211 First cryogenic liquid inlet 212 First cryogenic liquid outlet 213 First hot air inlet 214 First hot air outlet 22 Second heat exchanger 221 Second cold air inlet 222 Second cold air outlet 223 Second hot air inlet 224 Second hot air outlet 23 Regulating valve 24 Air Cooling Unit 3. Ammonia decomposition reactor 31 Gas inlet 32 Gas outlet 4. First Compressor 5. First adsorption device 51 First adsorption column 511 First adsorption inlet 512 First adsorption outlet 52 Second Adsorption Column 521 Second adsorption inlet 522 Second adsorption outlet 53 First Pipe 54 Second Pipe 55 Third Pipe 56 Fourth Pipe 57 The Fifth Pipe 6 Second Compressor 7 Buffer device 71 Buffer Tank 8 Second Adsorption Device 81 Third Adsorption Column 811 3rd adsorption inlet 812 3rd adsorption outlet 82 Fourth Adsorption Column 821 4th adsorption inlet 822 4th adsorption outlet 83 6th Pipe 84 7th Pipe 85 The 8th Pipe 86 9th Pipe 87 10th Pipe 9 Combustion equipment 10 Hydrogen fuel cells 20 Connection Device a First control valve b. Second control valve c Third control valve d Fourth control valve e. Fifth control valve f 6th control valve g Seventh control valve h 8th control valve i 9th control valve j 10th control valve k 11th control valve m 12th control valve n 13th control valve p 14th control valve

Claims

1. A hydrogen production system by an ammonia decomposition reaction, comprising an ammonia storage device (1), a heat exchange device (2), an ammonia decomposition reaction device (3), a first compression device (4), and a first adsorption device (5), A liquid discharge port of the ammonia storage device (1) is connected to a gas inlet (31) of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) through a low-temperature liquid passage in the heat exchange device (2), and a gas outlet (32) of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) is connected to the first compression device (4) through a gas passage in the heat exchange device (2), and the liquid ammonia discharged from the ammonia storage device (1) and the mixed gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) exchange heat through the heat exchange device (2), and the gas after the heat exchange is introduced into the first compression device (4), a control valve is provided in piping between the adsorption inlet of each of the adsorption columns and the first compression device (4); the adsorption outlets of the plurality of adsorption columns are connected to each other; a control valve is provided between the adsorption outlets of two adjacent adsorption columns; the adsorption inlet of each of the adsorption columns is further connected to a gas inlet (31) of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) via piping; a control valve is provided in piping between the adsorption inlet of each of the adsorption columns and the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3); and when the control valve located between the adsorption outlets of the two adjacent adsorption columns is opened, the mixed gas adsorbed by the adsorption columns can enter the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) via the adsorption inlet of one of the adsorption columns.

2. The heat exchange device (2) comprises a first heat exchanger (21) and a second heat exchanger (22), the first heat exchanger (21) is provided with a first cryogenic liquid inlet (211), a first cryogenic liquid outlet (212), a first hot air inlet (213), and a first hot air outlet (214), the first cryogenic liquid inlet (211) and the first cryogenic liquid outlet (212) are connected as a pair, and the first hot air inlet (213) and the first hot air outlet (214) are connected as a pair, The second heat exchanger (22) is provided with a second cold air inlet (221), a second cold air outlet (222), a second hot air inlet (223), and a second hot air outlet (224), the second cold air inlet (221) and the second cold air outlet (222) are connected to each other as a pair, and the second hot air inlet (223) and the second hot air outlet (224) are connected to each other as a pair, The system for producing hydrogen by an ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid outlet of the ammonia storage device (1) is sequentially connected to the gas inlet (31) of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) via the first cryogenic liquid inlet (211), the first cryogenic liquid outlet (212), the second cold air inlet (221), and the second cold air outlet (222), and the gas outlet (32) of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) is sequentially connected to the inlet of the first compression device (4) via the second hot air inlet (223), the second hot air outlet (224), the first hot air inlet (213), and the first hot air outlet (214).

3. A second compression device (6) is further installed in the piping between the first adsorption device (5) and the gas inlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3); a regulating valve (23) is provided in a pipe between the first cryogenic liquid outlet (212) and the second cold air inlet (221); The hydrogen production system according to claim 2, further comprising an air-cooling device (24) provided in a piping between the second hot air outlet (224) and the first hot air inlet (213).

4. 4. The system for producing hydrogen by an ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 3, wherein a buffer tank (71) is installed at an inlet end of the first compression device (4), an outlet end of the first compression device (4), an inlet end of the second compression device (6), and an outlet end of the second compression device (6).

5. The first adsorption device (5) comprises a first adsorption column (51) and a second adsorption column (52) arranged in parallel, and a first control valve (a), a second control valve (b), a third control valve (c), a fourth control valve (d), a fifth control valve (e), a sixth control valve (f), and a seventh control valve (g) installed at the adsorption inlet of the first adsorption device (5) and the adsorption outlet of the first adsorption device (5). The first adsorption column (51) is provided with a first adsorption inlet (511) and a first adsorption outlet (512). a second adsorption inlet (521) and a second adsorption outlet (522) are provided in the first adsorption inlet (511) and the second adsorption inlet (521), a first pipe (53) is installed between the first adsorption inlet (511) and the second adsorption inlet (521), the first adsorption outlet (512) and the second adsorption outlet (522) are communicated via a second pipe (54), a third pipe (55) is connected in parallel below the first pipe (53), a fourth pipe (56) is installed at the first adsorption outlet (512), and a fifth pipe (57) is installed at the second adsorption outlet (522), The hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first control valve (a) is installed between the first compression device (4) and the first adsorption inlet (511), the third control valve (c) is installed between the first compression device (4) and the second adsorption inlet (521), the fifth control valve (e) is installed in the second pipe (54), the second control valve (b) is installed in the fourth pipe (56), the fourth control valve (d) is installed in the fifth pipe (57), the sixth control valve (f) is installed between the first adsorption inlet (511) and the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3), and the seventh control valve (g) is installed between the second adsorption inlet (521) and the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3).

6. The hydrogen production system through an ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 1, further comprising a buffer device (7) and a second adsorption device (8), the second adsorption device (8) comprising a plurality of adsorption columns installed in parallel, an adsorption outlet of the adsorption column in the first adsorption device (5) being connected to one end of the buffer device (7), and the other end of the buffer device (7) being connected to an adsorption inlet of the adsorption column in the second adsorption device (8).

7. The second adsorption apparatus (8) comprises a third adsorption column (81) and a fourth adsorption column (82) arranged in parallel, and an eighth control valve (h), a ninth control valve (i), a tenth control valve (j), an eleventh control valve (k), a twelfth control valve (m), a thirteenth control valve (n), and a fourteenth control valve (p) installed at the adsorption inlet of the second adsorption apparatus (8) and the adsorption outlet of the second adsorption apparatus (8). The third adsorption column (81) is provided with a third adsorption inlet (811) and a third adsorption outlet (812). A fourth adsorption inlet (821) and a fourth adsorption outlet (822) are provided in a column (82), a sixth pipe (83) is installed between the third adsorption inlet (811) and the fourth adsorption inlet (821), the third adsorption outlet (812) and the fourth adsorption outlet (822) are communicated via a seventh pipe (84), an eighth pipe (85) is connected in parallel below the sixth pipe (83), a ninth pipe (86) is communicated with the third adsorption outlet (812), and a tenth pipe (87) is communicated with the fourth adsorption outlet (822), 7. The system for producing hydrogen by an ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 6, wherein the thirteenth control valve (n) is installed in the sixth pipe (83) at a position adjacent to the third adsorption column (81), the fourteenth control valve (p) is installed in the sixth pipe (83) at a position adjacent to the fourth adsorption column (82), the eighth control valve (h) is installed between the buffer device (7) and the third adsorption inlet (811), the tenth control valve (j) is installed between the buffer device (7) and the fourth adsorption inlet (821), the twelfth control valve (m) is installed in the seventh pipe (84), the ninth control valve (j) is installed in the ninth pipe (86), and the eleventh control valve (k) is installed in the tenth pipe (87).

8. The hydrogen production system through an ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 7, further comprising a combustion device (9), wherein the third adsorption inlet (811) of the third adsorption column (81) and the fourth adsorption inlet (821) of the fourth adsorption column (82) are each connected to an inlet of the combustion device (9), and an outlet of the combustion device (9) is connected to the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3).

9. The hydrogen production system by an ammonia decomposition reaction according to claim 8, further comprising a hydrogen fuel cell (10), an adsorption outlet of the first adsorption device (5) communicates with the hydrogen fuel cell (10), an outlet end of the hydrogen fuel cell (10) communicates with an inlet of the combustion device (9), and an outlet of the combustion device (9) communicates with the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3).

10. A method for producing hydrogen using an ammonia decomposition reaction-based hydrogen production system, comprising: The method includes the steps of: Step S1 of introducing liquid ammonia into a heat exchanger (2) and heating the liquid ammonia to 550° C. or higher; Step S2 of introducing the ammonia gas into an ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) to carry out an ammonia decomposition reaction; Step S3: discharging the decomposed mixed gas from the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) and cooling it to room temperature; Step S4: introducing the cooled mixed gas into a first compression device (4) and compressing it; a step S5 of introducing the mixed gas compressed by the first compression device (4) into a first adsorption column (51) of a first adsorption device (5), allowing the mixed gas to be adsorbed in the first adsorption column (51) until the first adsorption column (51) reaches a saturated state, and simultaneously with the adsorption, passing 5 to 15% of the mixed gas in the first adsorption column (51) through a second adsorption column (52), and purging the second adsorption column (52); Step S6: discharging the purged mixed gas from the second adsorption column (52) and reintroducing it into the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) to carry out an ammonia decomposition reaction; a step S7 of introducing the mixed gas compressed by the first compression device (4) into the second adsorption column (52) of an adsorption device, adsorbing the mixed gas in the second adsorption column (52) until the second adsorption column (52) reaches a saturated state, and simultaneously passing 5 to 15% of the mixed gas in the second adsorption column (52) through the first adsorption column (51) to purge the first adsorption column (51); Step S8: discharging the purged mixed gas from the first adsorption column (51) and reintroducing it into the ammonia decomposition reaction device (3) to carry out an ammonia decomposition reaction; and step S9, in which steps S5 to S8 are repeated.

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