Crushing device and manufacturing method of crushing device

Abstract

To provide a crushing device and a manufacturing method for a crushing device capable of easily changing thickness of a cutter part or thickness of a spacer part.SOLUTION: In order to solve the above problem, there is provided a crushing device and a manufacturing method of a crushing device, where crushing blades comprising a cutter portion and a spacer portion are laminated, and the cutter portion or the spacer portion is provided with two or more cutter members or two or more spacer members adjacent to each other. Thereby, by changing the adjacent number of the cutter members or the spacer members, thickness of the cutter portion or thickness of the spacer portion can be easily changed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing objects to be processed and a method for manufacturing the crushing device. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as one of means for treating waste materials such as waste generated from homes and factories, a crushing device for crushing the waste materials into pieces of a certain size is known.

[0003] Known examples of such crushing devices include those that crush objects by rotating cutter units attached to a rotating shaft, and these crushing devices are provided with spacer units to regulate the spacing between the cutter units when they are attached to the rotating shaft. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a crushing device in which cutter sections and spacer sections are alternately arranged with respect to a rotation axis, and the cutter sections and spacer sections have a structure that allows them to be separated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-244179 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the case of a crushing device such as that disclosed in Patent Document 1, the cutter sections and spacer sections can be easily removed, but the distance between the cutter sections formed by the spacer sections is constant. On the other hand, when crushing objects using a crushing device, if the objects are large, they may remain on the cutter section, making the crushing process inefficient. In such cases, the crushing efficiency of the objects can be improved by increasing the diameter or thickness of the cutter section. Increasing the diameter of the cutter section requires updating the entire crushing device to match the diameter of the cutter section, such as adjusting the position of the cutter section's rotation axis. Therefore, maintaining the diameter of the cutter section and increasing its thickness is preferable for improving crushing efficiency. However, creating new, thicker cutter sections and spacer sections to improve crushing efficiency is problematic in terms of the time and cost required for creation.

[0006] Furthermore, depending on the object to be processed, it may be necessary to sort the crushed material by material after crushing the object to be processed. In such cases, it may be necessary to control the size of the crushed material, since sorting is time-consuming if the crushed material is too small or too large. Since the size of the crushed material varies depending on the thickness of the cutter section and the spacer section, it is necessary to remake the cutter section and spacer section to match the size of the crushed material, which results in the problem of increased time and cost required for production.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device and a method for manufacturing the crushing device in which the thickness of the cutter section or the thickness of the spacer section can be easily changed. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] As a result of intensive research into the above-mentioned problems, the inventors discovered that the thickness of the cutter section or the spacer thickness can be easily changed by arranging two or more cutter members or two or more spacer members adjacent to each other, and thus completed the present invention.

[0009] The crushing device of the present invention, which solves the above problems, is a crushing device in which crushing blades consisting of cutter sections and spacer sections are stacked, and the cutter section or spacer section is characterized in that two or more cutter elements or two or more spacer elements are arranged adjacent to each other. According to this feature, by constructing the cutter section or spacer section so that each section has two or more adjacent cutter elements or two or more adjacent spacer elements, the thickness of the cutter section or the spacer section can be easily changed by changing the number of adjacent cutter elements or spacer elements.

[0010] Furthermore, one embodiment of the crushing device of the present invention is characterized in that it uses a member in which a cutter member and a spacer member are integrally provided. According to this feature, the cutter member and the spacer member are integrally provided, which makes it possible to reduce the number of parts required to form the crushing blade. Also, since it is no longer necessary to stack the cutter member and the spacer member separately, it is possible to improve the workability of assembly.

[0011] According to the method for manufacturing a crushing device of the present invention for solving the above problem, in the method for manufacturing a crushing device in which crushing blades consisting of cutter sections and spacer sections are stacked, the cutter section or spacer section is characterized by including a step of arranging two or more cutter elements or two or more spacer elements adjacent to each other. According to this feature, by including a step of arranging two or more cutter elements or two or more spacer elements adjacent to each other, it is possible to manufacture a crushing device in which the thickness of the cutter section or the thickness of the spacer section can be easily changed by changing the number of adjacent cutter elements or spacer elements. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a crushing device and a method for manufacturing a crushing device in which the thickness of the cutter section or the spacer section can be easily changed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of a crushing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2]FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram (plan view) showing an example of the arrangement of the cutter section and spacer section of the homogenizing device in the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram (plan view) showing the structure of a crushing device in a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory diagram (plan view) showing the structure of a crushing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the crushing device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The manufacturing method of the crushing device according to the present invention will be substituted for the following description of the structure of the crushing device. The embodiment shows an example of a crushing device. The crushing device according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and the crushing device according to the embodiment may be modified within the scope of the gist described in the claims.

[0015] The materials to be crushed by the crushing device of the present invention are not particularly limited. Examples include general waste and industrial waste discharged from homes and factories, and sewage residue. In particular, the crushing device can be used preferably for materials that require size control in order to sort the crushed materials into individual materials, such as household and industrial products that are mixtures of multiple materials.

[0016] [First embodiment] Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a crushing device 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1(A) is a side view of the crushing device 1A, and Fig. 1(B) is a plan view of the crushing device 1A seen from above. Note that Fig. 1(B) omits the illustration of a drive motor and a casing.

[0017] [Crushing equipment] As shown in FIG. 1(A), the crushing device 1A of the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a drive motor 2, a drive shaft 5a driven by the drive motor 2, a driven shaft 5b to which the rotational power of the drive shaft 5a is transmitted and driven, and a plurality of crushing blades 6 arranged around the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b. The shredding device 1A also includes a casing 3 that houses cutter units 4a and 4b formed by combining the shredding blade 6 and the drive shaft 5a, and the shredding blade 6 and the driven shaft 5b. Furthermore, the crushing blade 6 includes a cutter section 61a having a plurality of cutter members 610a, and a spacer section 62a having a plurality of spacer members 620a. Each component of the crushing device 1A of this embodiment will be described below.

[0018] [Drive motor] The drive motor 2 rotates the crushing blade 6 by transmitting rotational power to the drive shaft 5a. Any type of rotation mechanism may be used for the drive motor 2. Examples include an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, a water pressure motor, and an air pressure motor.

[0019] [Drive shaft] The drive shaft 5a is a shaft member that rotates by the rotational power of the drive motor 2. Furthermore, a crushing blade 6 is disposed around the drive shaft 5a, and the crushing blade 6 rotates at a predetermined speed as the drive shaft 5a rotates. The shape of the drive shaft 5a may be any shape that secures the crushing blades 6 arranged around it. For example, the drive shaft 5a may have a convex portion and the crushing blades 6 may have a concave portion that fits together, or the drive shaft 5a may have a polygonal cross section, and the crushing blades 6 may have a polygonal shaft hole in the center that is approximately the same shape as the drive shaft 5a, and the crushing blades 6 may have a hole in the center that fits together.

[0020] [Driven axis] The driven shaft 5b is a shaft member that rotates when the rotational power of the drive motor 2 is transmitted via the drive shaft 5a. Similarly to the drive shaft 5a, the crushing blade 6 is disposed around the driven shaft 5b, and the crushing blade 6 rotates at a predetermined speed as the driven shaft 5b rotates. The shape of the fixing of the driven shaft 5b and the crushing blade 6 is not particularly limited. For example, the same shape as that of the fixing of the drive shaft 5a and the crushing blade 6 may be used.

[0021] The means for transmitting rotational power from the drive shaft 5a to the driven shaft 5b is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include means for connecting pulleys installed at the upper ends of each shaft with a belt, means for connecting with gears, etc. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft for rotating the crushing blade 6 is shown as being composed of the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b, but is not limited to this. For example, it is possible to use a shaft in which each shaft is driven independently. Furthermore, the relationship between the rotational speeds of the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b is not particularly limited. For example, the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b may be rotated at different speeds, or the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b may be rotated at the same speed. The relationship between the rotational speeds of the rotating shafts can be set appropriately in consideration of the ease of structural design related to the means for transmitting rotational power, the amount of power used for driving, and the like.

[0022] [Crushing blade] The crushing blade 6 is configured by a disk-shaped cutter part 61a and a spacer part 62a having a smaller diameter than the cutter part 61a, which are overlapped concentrically. In addition, a shaft hole is formed in the center of the crushing blade 6 to pass the rotation shaft (drive shaft 5a and driven shaft 5b) through.

[0023] 1(B), the crushing blades 6 are arranged around the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b so that a plurality of crushing blades 6 are stacked to form cutter units 4a and 4b. The cutter units 4a and 4b are installed inside the casing 3 so that the cutter part 61a of one cutter unit engages with the gap formed by the spacer part 62a of the other cutter unit. As shown in Figure 1(A), the casing 3 housing the cutter units 4a and 4b has an inlet 31 at the top (upper side of the figure) through which the material to be processed is fed, and an outlet 32 ​​at the bottom (lower side of the figure) through which the material to be processed (crushed material) is discharged.

[0024] 1(B), the cutter unit 4a rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above the shredder 1A, and the cutter unit 4b rotates clockwise. When the object to be processed is fed from the top (feed inlet 31) of the shredder 1A, the object passes between the cutter units 4a and 4b and is cut by the cutter portion 61a of the shredding blade 6.

[0025] The cutter portion 61a and the spacer portion 62a that form the cutter units 4a and 4b will be described in detail below.

[0026] [Cutter section] The cutter portion 61a has a plurality of cutting blades evenly arranged on the outer periphery, and has the function of guiding the object to be processed between the cutter units 4a and 4b. The cutting edge pieces are structures that protrude from the outer periphery of the cutter portion 61a, and examples include structures that have multiple structures with convex portions in the circumferential direction, as well as structures that have multiple structures with acute-angled portions in the circumferential direction.

[0027] The size of the cutter section 61a (the diameter of the circle passing through the outermost parts of the cutting blades) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 cm or more and 50 cm or less, for example. If the size is within this range, the object to be processed can be efficiently crushed.

[0028] The cutter section 61a in this embodiment is made up of a combination of a plurality of cutter members 610a, which makes it possible to easily adjust the thickness of the cutter section 61a by changing the number of cutter members 610a that are stacked.

[0029] The cutter member 610a functions as a unit in the cutter section 61a. The thickness of the cutter member 610a is preferably thin and strong enough to crush the object to be processed, which allows for a wider range of thickness options for the cutter section 61a, which can be adjusted by changing the number of adjacent cutter members 610a.

[0030] The thickness of the cutter member 610a is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, between 5 mm and 30 mm. This range is preferable because it provides sufficient strength for crushing the object to be processed and also makes it easy to adjust the thickness of the cutter member 61a as a unit to an appropriate size. For example, this range is suitable for use as the thickness of the cutter member 610a that functions as a unit when obtaining a thickness of the cutter member 61a suitable for controlling the size of the crushed objects, such as for sorting the crushed objects of the object to be processed.

[0031] [Spacer part] The spacer portion 62a is for ensuring a gap between the cutter portions 61a of the cutter units 4a and 4b in the direction of the rotation axis (drive shaft 5a or driven shaft 5b).

[0032] The spacer portion 62a in this embodiment is formed by combining a plurality of spacer members 620a, which makes it possible to easily adjust the thickness of the spacer portion 62a by changing the number of spacer members 620a to be stacked.

[0033] The spacer member 620a functions as a unit in the spacer portion 62a. The thickness of the spacer member 620a is preferably thin and strong enough to maintain the distance between the cutter sections 61a arranged in the direction of the drive shaft 5a or the driven shaft 5b, which broadens the options for the thickness of the spacer section 62a, which can be adjusted by changing the number of adjacent spacer members 620a.

[0034] The thickness of the spacer member 620a is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 mm to 30 mm, the same as that of the cutter member 610a. This range is preferable because it provides sufficient strength to maintain the distance between the cutter members 61a and makes it easy to adjust the thickness of the spacer member 62a as a unit to an appropriate size. For example, this range is suitable for use as the thickness of the spacer member 620a that functions as a unit when obtaining a thickness of the spacer member 62a suitable for controlling the size of crushed objects, such as when sorting crushed objects to be processed.

[0035] The thickness of the spacer member 620a is preferably greater than the thickness of the cutter member 610a. This ensures a gap so that the cutter portions 61a of the cutter unit 4a and the cutter unit 4b do not rub against each other when the cutter portion 61a of the cutter unit 4b (or the cutter unit 4a) engages with the gap ensured by the spacer portion 62a of the cutter unit 4a (or the cutter unit 4b).

[0036] [Cutter and spacer placement] An example of a combination of the cutter unit 61a and the spacer unit 62a will be described with reference to Fig. 2. The white arrows in Fig. 2 indicate an example of the arrangement of the cutter unit 61a and the spacer unit 62a, showing the process of arranging each member adjacent to the drive shaft 5a. 2, two adjacent cutter members 610a of the same thickness are arranged to form a cutter section 61a, and two adjacent spacer members 620a of the same thickness are arranged to form a spacer section 62a, thereby forming a crushing blade 6 having a cutter section 61a and a spacer section 62a. A plurality of these crushing blades 6 are stacked on the drive shaft 5a or the driven shaft 5b to form the cutter units 4a and 4b.

[0037] In this embodiment, the number (n) of adjacent cutter members 610a and the number (m) of adjacent spacer members 620a are each set to 2, but the numbers (n and m) may be set to 3 or more. This makes it possible to change the distance between the cutter portions 61a in the cutter units 4a and 4b simply by changing the numbers (n and m).

[0038] As described above, in the crushing device 1A of this embodiment, two or more cutter members or two or more spacer members are arranged adjacent to each other, and by changing the number of adjacent cutter members or spacer members, the thickness of the cutter section or the spacer section can be easily changed. This means that when aiming to improve the crushing efficiency according to the size of the object to be processed or when wanting to control the size of the crushed pieces of the object to be processed, there is no need to design or create new cutter or spacer sections, making it possible to reduce running costs.

[0039] The structure and arrangement of the cutter and spacer parts are not limited to those shown in this embodiment. Other examples of the structure and arrangement of the cutter and spacer parts that form the crushing blades will be described below as second and third embodiments.

[0040] [Second embodiment] Fig. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram (plan view) showing the structure of a crushing device in a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the drive motor and casing are omitted. The crushing device 1B of this embodiment differs from the crushing device 1A of the first embodiment in that it has a crushing blade member 60a that is a member in which one cutter member 610b and one spacer member 620b are integrally provided. Note that, among the configurations of the crushing device 1B of this embodiment, explanations of the same configurations as those of the crushing device 1A of the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0041] In this embodiment, one cutter member 610b and one spacer member 620b are integrally formed to form the crushing blade member 60a, and further, the cutter member 610a is arranged adjacent to the cutter member 610b of the crushing blade member 60a, and the spacer 610a is arranged adjacent to the spacer member 620b of the crushing blade member 60a, thereby forming the crushing blade 6.

[0042] Here, the cutter member 610b and the cutter member 610a have the same thickness, and the adjacent cutter members 610a and 610b form a cutter section 61a (corresponding to n=2). Furthermore, the spacer members 620b and 620a have the same thickness, and adjacent spacer members 620a and 620b form a spacer portion 62a (corresponding to m=2).

[0043] As shown in Figure 3, in the crushing device 1B of this embodiment, the cutter member 610b and the spacer member 620b are integrated into a single member to form the crushing blade material 60a, so that the number of parts required to form the crushing blade 6 can be reduced to obtain a structure in which the number of adjacent units satisfies n = 2 and m = 2 (the same structure as the crushing blade 6 in the first embodiment).

[0044] [Third embodiment] Fig. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram (plan view) showing the structure of a crushing device in a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the drive motor and casing are omitted. The crushing device 1C of this embodiment differs from the crushing device 1B of the second embodiment in that crushing blade members 60a are disposed adjacent to each other to form crushing blades 6. Incidentally, among the configurations of the crushing device 1C in this embodiment, the description of the same configurations as those of the crushing device 1B in the second embodiment will be omitted.

[0045] In this embodiment, the crushing blade 6 is formed by arranging the cutter member 610b of one crushing blade member 60a and the cutter member 610b of the other crushing blade member 60a so that they are adjacent to each other. In the crushing device 1C of this embodiment, by changing the orientation of the crushing blade material 60a, it is possible to obtain a structure in which the number of adjacent units satisfies n=2 and m=2 (the same structure as the crushing blade 6 of the first embodiment). This reduces the number of parts that form the crushing blade 6 and improves the workability of assembly.

[0046] As a modified example of this embodiment, the crushing blade 6 may be formed by arranging the spacer member 620b of one crushing blade member 60a and the spacer member 620b of the other crushing blade member 60a so that they are adjacent to each other. In addition, in the crushing device 1C of this embodiment, in order to adjust the distance between the cutter parts in the axial direction of the crushing blade 6, a cutter member 610a and a spacer member 620a may be provided at the ends of the drive shaft 5a and the driven shaft 5b, as shown in Figure 4.

[0047] For the crushing device 1B in the second embodiment to the crushing device 1C in the third embodiment, the number (n) of adjacent cutter members 610a of the same thickness and the number (m) of adjacent spacer portions 620a of the same thickness have been described as 2, but n and m may also be 3 or more.

[0048] The above-described embodiment shows an example of a crushing device. The crushing device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the crushing device according to the above-described embodiment may be modified within the scope of the gist of the claims. [Industrial Applicability]

[0049] The crushing device and the method for manufacturing the crushing device of the present invention are applicable to crushing of objects to be treated, for example, to crushing of waste generated from homes, factories, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1A, 1B, 1C crushing device, 2 drive motor, 3 casing, 31 inlet, 32 outlet, 4a, 4b cutter unit, 5a drive shaft, 5b driven shaft, 6 crushing blade, 60a crushing blade material, 61a, 61b cutter part, 62a, 62b spacer part, 610a, 610b cutter member, 620a, 620b spacer member

Claims

1. In a crushing device in which crushing blades each consisting of a cutter section and a spacer section are stacked, This crushing device uses a plurality of members in which the cutter member and the spacer member are integrally formed, the cutter member of one member is arranged adjacent to the cutter member of the other member to form a single crushing blade, and the plurality of crushing blades are stacked with their orientation changed.

2. In a method for manufacturing a crushing device in which crushing blades each consisting of a cutter section and a spacer section are stacked, A method for manufacturing a crushing device, comprising the steps of: using a plurality of members each having the cutter member and the spacer member integrally formed therein; arranging the cutter member of one member adjacent to the cutter member of the other member to form a single crushing blade; and stacking the plurality of crushing blades by changing their orientation.

3. In a crushing device in which crushing blades each consisting of a cutter section and a spacer section are stacked, The crushing device is characterized in that a member in which the cutter member and the spacer member are integrally provided is utilized, and the thickness of the cutter member and the spacer member is 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

4. In a method for manufacturing a crushing device in which crushing blades each consisting of a cutter section and a spacer section are stacked, A method for manufacturing a crushing device, comprising utilizing a member in which the cutter member and the spacer member are integrally provided, the thickness of the cutter member and the spacer member being 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

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