Building heat insulating structure

Abstract

To provide a heat insulating structure capable of minimizing cost of heat insulating materials and further improving heat insulating effects.SOLUTION: A building heat insulating structure 1 comprises: a first floor body 20 with an underfloor space U where air flows in from outside formed below; first and second wall bodies 30, 70 having first and second inner walls 31, 71 and first and second outer walls 34, 74, and with first and third wall vent layers W1, W3 for exhausting air of building indoor space toward a space between the inner walls 31, 71 and outer walls 34, 74; a second ceiling 80 communicating with the wall vent layers W1, W3, and having a second attic space C2 where the internal air is exhausted to the outside formed above; a passage that communicates the underfloor space U and the indoor space; and first floor, first wall, second wall, and ceiling foamed plates 24, 35, 75, 84 provided on at least one surface of a surface closer to the wall vent layers W1, W3 of the inner walls 31, 71, a surface closer to the underfloor space U of the first floor body 20, and a surface closer to the second attic space C2 of the second ceiling 80.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to thermally insulating structures for buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a house in which a ventilation layer or space is formed inside the walls, attic, and floor, and a heat insulating material is provided in the ventilation layer or space of the walls, attic, and floor. The house of Patent Document 1 has excellent insulation effect, and delays the transfer of cold air and heat from the outside of the house to the inside of the house, suppressing heat and cold caused by weather. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6875671 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the house disclosed in Patent Document 1, a large amount of insulation material is required to provide insulation layers in the walls, attic, and floor. This increases the cost of insulation material, and there is a demand for cost reduction. Furthermore, there is a demand for further improvement in the insulation effect of the house disclosed in Patent Document 1.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an insulating structure for a building that can reduce the cost of insulating materials while further improving the insulating effect. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the thermal insulation structure of a building according to the present invention comprises: A floor body having a space below the floor into which air flows in from the outdoors; A wall body having an inner wall and an outer wall, and a wall ventilation layer through which air in an indoor space of a building is exhausted between the inner wall and the outer wall; A ceiling having an attic space formed above the ceiling, the attic space communicating with the wall ventilation layer and through which the air inside is exhausted to the outside; an air passage that communicates the underfloor space and the interior space; A foamed plastic material that covers at least one of the surface of the inner wall on the wall ventilation layer side, the surface of the floor body on the underfloor space side, and the surface of the ceiling on the ceiling space side; Equipped with.

[0007] The inner wall, the floor, and the ceiling each have a plurality of support members arranged in parallel, and a heat insulating material provided between each of the support members and adjacent other support members; The foamed plastic material may cover the boundary between the support material and the insulation material on at least one of the following surfaces: the surface of the interior wall facing the wall ventilation layer, the surface of the floor body facing the underfloor space, and the surface of the ceiling facing the attic space.

[0008] The support material includes a plate material covering at least one of a surface of the insulation material on the side of the wall ventilation layer and a surface of the floor body on the side of the underfloor space, The foamed plastic material may be bonded to the plate material.

[0009] The foamed plastic material may cover at least one of the surfaces of the inner wall of the support material facing the wall ventilation layer, the surface of the floor body facing the under-floor space, and the surface of the ceiling facing the attic space.

[0010] The foamed plastic material may consist of polystyrene foam.

[0011] The polystyrene foam may be a plate material having a thickness of 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less. Effect of the Invention

[0012] In the thermal insulation structure of a building according to the present invention, the cost of the thermal insulation material can be reduced by using a foamed plastic material, which is an inexpensive thermal insulation material. Furthermore, the use of a foamed plastic material provides a higher thermal insulation effect than other thermal insulation materials. As a result, the thermal insulation structure of a building according to the present invention can reduce the cost of the thermal insulation material and further improve the thermal insulation effect. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first floor body of a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first wall of a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second wall of the thermal insulation structure according to the embodiment. FIG. [Diagram 5] A cross-sectional view of a second ceiling of a thermal insulation structure in accordance with an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] Embodiment Hereinafter, a heat insulating structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For ease of understanding, XYZ coordinates will be set and referred to as appropriate.

[0015] The thermal insulation structure 1 is used to prevent heat and cold by circulating air around the rooms of the building A and providing a thermal insulation effect of delaying the transmission of hot or cold air from the outdoors to the inside of the rooms. As shown in FIG. 1, the building A has two rooms B1-1 and B1-2 on the first floor, a room B2 on the second floor, a door D connecting the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, a staircase S connecting the rooms B1-2 and B2, and an air conditioner E installed in the room B1-1. In the present embodiment 1, the building A in which the thermal insulation structure 1 is used is a residence. However, this is not limited to this. The building A in which the thermal insulation structure 1 is used may be, for example, a store, a dormitory, an apartment building, an office, or an inn. The building A may have rooms other than the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2. The thermal insulation structure 1 comprises a foundation 10, a first floor 20, a first wall 30, a first ceiling 40, a duct section 50, a second floor 60, a second wall 70, a second ceiling 80, and a roof 90.

[0016] The foundation 10 is a substructure of the building A that supports the building A. The foundation 10 has a bottom 11, a side wall 12, and a foundation vent 13.

[0017] The bottom 11 is a portion that faces the ground. The bottom 11 has a spread foundation structure that is directly installed on the ground. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The bottom 11 may have a pile foundation structure in which piles reach the bearing layer of the ground, for example.

[0018] The side wall 12 is a wall that stands upright on the edge of the bottom 11 .

[0019] The foundation air vent 13 is an opening formed in the side wall 12. The foundation air vent 13 is formed in a slit shape. However, this is not limited to this. For example, the foundation air vent 13 may be formed in a plurality of holes at regular intervals in the side wall 12. In addition, the foundation air vent 13 may be formed in a plurality of round hole shapes at regular intervals in the side wall 12, or in a recessed shape formed at the upper end of the side wall 12.

[0020] The first floor body 20 is the floor of the rooms B1-1, B1-2 provided on the foundation 10. The first floor body 20 forms an underfloor space U between the first floor body 20 and the foundation 10. As shown in FIG. 2 , the first floor body 20 has a first floor panel 21, a first floor support material 22, a first floor insulation material 23, and a first floor foam board 24.

[0021] The first floor plate 21 is a flat plate located on the lower surface (the surface on the -Z axis side) of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The first floor plate 21 is provided parallel to the XY plane.

[0022] The first floor support material 22 is a plurality of foundations, joists, or joists that support the first floor board 21. The first floor support material 22 is arranged in a lattice pattern on a surface parallel to the XY plane on the foundation 10. However, this is not limited to this. All or a part of the first floor support material 22 may be arranged in a vertical lattice pattern parallel to the Y axis, or a horizontal lattice pattern parallel to the X axis. Furthermore, the first floor support material 22 has a first floor base material 22a, a first floor plywood 22b, and a first floor fixing device 22c.

[0023] The first floor underlayment 22a is a member formed in a rectangular column shape and provided on the side surface of the first floor support 22. The first floor underlayment 22a is provided on each of a pair of side surfaces in the Y-axis direction facing each other of the multiple first floor supports 22 parallel to the X-axis. However, this is not limited to this. The first floor underlayment 22a may be provided on the side surface in the Y-axis direction of the multiple first floor supports 22 parallel to the Y-axis. The first floor underlayment 22a is provided at approximately the same height. The lower surface of the first floor underlayment 22a is provided at a position higher than the lower surface of the first floor support 22 by the thickness of one plywood sheet.

[0024] The first floor plywood 22b is a plate material provided parallel to the XY plane. The first floor plywood 22b closes the opening on the -Z axis side of the first floor support material 22 arranged in a lattice pattern. The first floor plywood 22b is a structural plywood. However, this is not limited to this. The first floor plywood 22b may be any plate material having the strength to support the first floor insulation material 23. The first floor plywood 22b is disposed so as to contact the lower surface of the first floor base material 22a. The first floor plywood 22b is disposed at a position where the lower surface is flush with the lower surface of the first floor support material 22.

[0025] The first floor fastener 22c is a fastener for fastening the first floor plywood 22b to the first floor base material 22a. The first floor fastener 22c is a nail. However, it is not limited to this. The first floor fastener 22c may be, for example, a wood screw. The first floor fastener 22c penetrates the first floor plywood 22b from the underside and is screwed into the first floor base material 22a, thereby fastening the first floor plywood 22b to the first floor base material 22a.

[0026] The first floor insulation material 23 is an insulation material provided below the first floor board 21. The first floor insulation material 23 is provided between the first floor support material 22 and another first floor support material 22 adjacent to the first floor support material 22. The underside of the first floor insulation material 23 is supported by the first floor plywood 22b. The first floor insulation material 23 is an extruded polystyrene foam. However, it is not limited to this. The first floor insulation material 23 may be, for example, a glass wool board, a cellulose fiber, or a urethane foam.

[0027] The first floor foam board 24 is a heat insulating material provided under the first floor support material 22. The first floor foam board 24 is made of a foamed plastic material having a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. The first floor foam board 24 is preferably made of polystyrene foam. Polystyrene foam is less expensive than extruded polystyrene foam, and has a smooth surface through which air flows smoothly, so that it has a better heat insulating effect than extruded polystyrene foam. The first floor foam board 24 is a plate material provided to cover the surface of the first floor body 20 on the side of the underfloor space U. However, this is not limited to this. The first floor foam board 24 may be a roll material. The first floor foam board 24 is bonded and fixed to the lower surface of the first floor plywood 22b. The first floor foam board 24 is provided to cover the lower surface of the first floor support material 22, the lower surface of the first floor insulation material 23, and the boundary between the first floor support material 22 and the first floor insulation material 23.

[0028] The first floor insulation material 23 and the first floor foam board 24 are provided between the first floor board 21 and the underfloor space U formed between the first floor body 20 and the foundation 10. The first floor insulation material 23 and the first floor foam board 24 have an insulating effect of delaying the transfer of cold air and heat from the underfloor space U to the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, suppressing heat and cold caused by the weather. The first floor insulation material 23 provided between the multiple first floor supports 22 has a gap between the first floor support 22 and the first floor support 22 due to aging, and the insulating effect is reduced. However, since the first floor foam board 24 covers the boundary between the first floor support 22 and the first floor insulation material 23, the gap between the first floor support 22 and the first floor insulation material 23 is blocked, and the decrease in the insulating effect can be suppressed.

[0029] As shown in Fig. 1, the first wall 30 is a wall facing the outdoors of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The first wall 30 is provided with at least one first fan 30a, which is a ventilation fan that exhausts air from the indoor space of the room B2. As shown in Fig. 3, the first wall 30 has a first inner wall 31, a first wall support material 32, a first wall insulation material 33, a first outer wall 34, and a first wall foam board 35.

[0030] The first inner wall 31 is a wall that is continuous with the first floor body 20 and is provided upright on the edge portion of the first floor body 20. At least one of the first inner walls 31 is formed with a ventilation opening for a fan.

[0031] The first wall support material 32 is a pillar that supports the first inner wall 31. The first wall support material 32 is arranged in a vertical lattice shape with the Z-axis direction as the vertical direction on the surface of the first inner wall 31 facing the outside of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2. Furthermore, the first wall support material 32 has a first wall base material 32a, a first-wall plywood 32b, and a first-wall fastener 32c.

[0032] The first wall base material 32a is a member formed in a rectangular column shape and provided on the side surface of the first wall support material 32. The first wall base material 32a is provided in pairs on each of a pair of opposing side surfaces of the multiple first wall support materials 32. The pair of first wall base materials 32a is provided at approximately the same depth. The outdoor side surface of the first wall base material 32a is provided in front of the outdoor side surface of the first wall support material 32 by the thickness of one plywood sheet.

[0033] The first wall plywood 32b is a plate material arranged parallel to the XY plane. The first wall plywood 32b closes the opening of the outdoor side surface of the first wall support material 32 arranged in a lattice pattern. The first wall plywood 32b is a structural plywood. However, this is not limited to this. The first wall plywood 32b may be any plate material having the strength to support the first wall insulation material 33. The first wall plywood 32b is arranged so as to contact the outdoor side surface of the first wall base material 32a. The first wall plywood 32b is arranged so that the outdoor side surface of the first wall plywood 32b and the outdoor side surface of the first wall support material 32 are flush with each other.

[0034] The first wall fastener 32c is a fastener for fastening the first wall plywood 32b to the first wall base material 32a. The first wall fastener 32c is a nail. However, this is not limited to this. The first wall fastener 32c may be, for example, a wood screw. The first wall fastener 32c penetrates the first wall plywood 32b from the side of the exterior surface and is screwed into the first wall base material 32a, thereby fastening the first wall plywood 32b to the first wall base material 32a.

[0035] The first wall insulation material 33 is an insulation material provided on the first inner wall 31 on the outdoor side of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The first wall insulation material 33 is provided between the first wall support material 32 and another first wall support material 32 adjacent to the first wall support material 32. The first wall insulation material 33 is an extruded polystyrene foam. However, it is not limited to this. The first wall insulation material 33 may be, for example, a glass wool board, a cellulose fiber, or a urethane foam.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 1, the first outer wall 34 is a wall provided on the outdoor side of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2 relative to the first inner wall 31. The first outer wall 34 forms a first wall ventilation layer W1 between the first outer wall 34 and the first inner wall 31. The first fan 30a exhausts air from the indoor space of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2 to the first wall ventilation layer W1 formed by the first outer wall 34. The first outer wall 34 is provided up to the vicinity of the foundation ventilation hole 13 of the foundation 10. The first outer wall 34 forms a first exhaust port 34a between the first inner wall 31 or the side wall 12 of the foundation 10 and the first outer wall 34, which exhausts air from the first wall ventilation layer W1.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3, the first wall foam board 35 is a heat insulating material provided on the first wall ventilation layer W1 side of the first wall support material 32. The first wall foam board 35 is made of a foamed plastic material having a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. The first wall foam board 35 is preferably made of polystyrene foam. Polystyrene foam is less expensive than extruded polystyrene foam and has a better heat insulating effect than extruded polystyrene foam. The first wall foam board 35 is a plate material provided so as to cover the surface of the first wall body 30 on the side of the first wall ventilation layer W1. However, it is not limited to this. The first wall foam board 35 may be a roll material. The first wall foam board 35 is bonded and fixed to the first wall support material 32 on the side of the first wall ventilation layer W1. The first wall foam board 35 is arranged to cover the surface of the first wall support material 32 facing the first wall ventilation layer W1, the surface of the first wall insulation material 33 facing the first wall ventilation layer W1, and the boundary between the first wall support material 32 and the first wall insulation material 33.

[0038] The first wall insulation material 33 and the first wall foam board 35 are provided between the first inner wall 31 and the first wall ventilation layer W1 formed between the first inner wall 31 and the first outer wall 34. The first wall insulation material 33 and the first wall foam board 35 have a heat insulating effect of delaying the transfer of cold air and heat from the first wall ventilation layer W1 to the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, thereby suppressing heat and cold caused by the weather. The first wall insulation material 33 provided between the multiple first wall supports 32 has a gap between the first wall support 32 and the first wall support 32 due to aging, and the insulation effect is reduced. However, since the first wall foam board 35 covers the boundary between the first wall support 32 and the first wall insulation material 33, the gap between the first wall support 32 and the first wall insulation material 33 is blocked, and the reduction in the insulation effect can be suppressed.

[0039] The first ceiling 40 is the ceiling of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2 as shown in FIG. 1. The first ceiling 40 is a flat plate located on the upper surface of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The first ceiling 40 is provided parallel to the XY plane. A ceiling vent 40a is formed in the first ceiling 40 of the room B1-1.

[0040] The ceiling vent 40a is formed in the first ceiling 40 of the room B1-1. However, this is not limited. The ceiling vent 40a may be formed in the first ceiling 40 of the room B1-2, or in the first ceilings 40 of both the rooms B1-1 and B1-2. The ceiling vent 40a communicates the room B1-1 with the first ceiling space C1. An air conditioner E can be installed in the ceiling vent 40a. However, this is not limited. For example, only a louver can be installed in the ceiling vent 40a. The air conditioner E installed in the ceiling vent 40a takes in air inside the first ceiling space C1 and releases it into the room B1-1, which is one of the indoor spaces of the building A.

[0041] The duct section 50 is an indoor wall having a space formed therein. The duct section 50 is provided between the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, and functions as a duct having a second wall ventilation layer W2 formed therein, one end of which communicates with the underfloor space U. However, this is not limited thereto. For example, when there is only one room, the duct section 50 may be a duct pipe having a second wall ventilation layer W2 formed therein, one end of which communicates with the underfloor space U. The duct section 50 has a first indoor wall 51 and a second indoor wall 52.

[0042] The first indoor wall 51 is a flat plate located on one wall of the room B1-1 and is provided parallel to the YZ plane.

[0043] The second indoor wall 52 is a flat plate located on one wall of the room B1-2. The second indoor wall 52 is provided parallel to the YZ plane. Between the second indoor wall 52 and the first indoor wall 51, a second wall ventilation layer W2 that communicates with the underfloor space U is formed.

[0044] The second floor body 60 is the floor of the room B2. The second floor body 60 is a flat plate located on the underside of the room B2. The second floor body 60 is provided parallel to the XY plane. Between the second floor body 60 and the first ceiling 40, a first ceiling space C1 is formed, which is in communication with the second wall ventilation layer W2.

[0045] The first ceiling 40, the duct portion 50, and the second floor body 60 form an air passage that connects the underfloor space U and the indoor space of the building A via the second wall ventilation layer W2 and the first attic space C1.

[0046] The second wall 70 is a wall of the room B2 facing the outdoors. The second wall 70 is provided with at least one second fan 70a, which is a ventilation fan that exhausts air from the indoor space of the room B2. As shown in FIG. 4, the second wall 70 has a second inner wall 71, a second wall support material 72, a second wall insulation material 73, a second outer wall 74, and a second wall foam board 75.

[0047] The second inner wall 71 is a wall that is continuous with the second floor body 60 and is provided upright on the edge portion of the second floor body 60. At least one of the second inner walls 71 is formed with a ventilation opening for a fan.

[0048] The second wall support material 72 is a pillar that supports the second inner wall 71. The second wall support material 72 is arranged in a vertical lattice pattern with the Z-axis direction as the vertical direction on the surface of the second inner wall 71 facing the outside of the room B2. Furthermore, the second wall support material 72 has a second wall base material 72a, a second-wall plywood 72b, and a second-wall fastener 72c.

[0049] The second wall base material 72a is a member formed in a rectangular column shape and provided on the side surface of the second wall support material 72. The second wall base material 72a is provided in pairs on each of a pair of opposing side surfaces of the multiple second wall support materials 72. The pair of second wall base materials 72a is provided at approximately the same depth. The outdoor side surface of the second wall base material 72a is provided in front of the outdoor side surface of the second wall support material 72 by the thickness of one plywood sheet.

[0050] The second wall plywood 72b is a plate material arranged parallel to the XY plane. The second wall plywood 72b closes the opening of the outdoor side surface of the second wall support material 72 arranged in a lattice pattern. The second wall plywood 72b is a structural plywood. However, this is not limited to this. The second wall plywood 72b may be any plate material having the strength to support the second wall insulation material 73. The second wall plywood 72b is arranged so as to contact the outdoor side surface of the second wall base material 72a. The second wall plywood 72b is arranged so that the outdoor side surface of the second wall plywood 72b and the outdoor side surface of the second wall support material 72 are flush with each other.

[0051] The second wall fastener 72c is a fastener for fastening the second wall plywood 72b to the second wall base material 72a. The second wall fastener 72c is a nail. However, this is not limited to this. The second wall fastener 72c may be, for example, a wood screw. The second wall fastener 72c penetrates the second wall plywood 72b from the side of the exterior surface and is screwed into the second wall base material 72a, thereby fastening the second wall plywood 72b to the second wall base material 72a.

[0052] The second wall insulation 73 is an insulation material provided on the outside of the room B2 of the second inner wall 71. The second wall insulation 73 is provided between the second wall support 72 and another second wall support 72 adjacent to that second wall support 72. The second wall insulation 73 is an extruded polystyrene foam. However, it is not limited to this. The second wall insulation 73 may be, for example, a glass wool board, a cellulose fiber, or a urethane foam.

[0053] The second outer wall 74 is a wall provided on the outdoor side of the room B2 relative to the second inner wall 71. The second outer wall 74 forms a third wall ventilation layer W3 communicating with the first wall ventilation layer W1 between the second outer wall 74 and the second inner wall 71. Air in the indoor space of the room B2 is exhausted to the third wall ventilation layer W3 formed by the second outer wall 74 by the second fan 70a.

[0054] The second wall foam board 75 is a heat insulating material provided on the side of the third wall ventilation layer W3 of the second wall support material 72. The second wall foam board 75 is made of a foamed plastic material having a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. The second wall foam board 75 is preferably made of polystyrene foam. Polystyrene foam is less expensive than extruded polystyrene foam and has a better heat insulating effect than extruded polystyrene foam. The second wall foam board 75 is a plate material provided so as to cover the surface of the second wall body 70 on the side of the third wall ventilation layer W3. However, it is not limited to this. The second wall foam board 75 may be a roll material. The second wall foam board 75 is bonded and fixed to the side of the third wall ventilation layer W3 of the second wall support material 72. The second wall foam board 75 is arranged to cover the surface of the first wall support material 32 facing the third wall ventilation layer W3, the surface of the first wall insulation material 33 facing the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the boundary between the second wall support material 72 and the second wall insulation material 73.

[0055] The second wall insulation material 73 and the second wall foam board 75 are provided between the second inner wall 71 and the third wall ventilation layer W3 formed between the second inner wall 71 and the second outer wall 74. The second wall insulation material 73 and the second wall foam board 75 have an insulating effect of delaying the transfer of cold air and heat from the third wall ventilation layer W3 to the room B2, suppressing heat and cold caused by the weather. The second wall insulation material 73 provided between the multiple second wall supports 72 has a gap between the second wall support material 72 and the second wall support material 72 due to aging, and the insulating effect is reduced. However, since the second wall foam board 75 covers the boundary between the second wall support material 72 and the second wall insulation material 73, the gap between the second wall support material 72 and the second wall insulation material 73 is blocked, and the decrease in the insulating effect can be suppressed.

[0056] The second ceiling 80 is the ceiling of the room B2 as shown in Fig. 1. The second ceiling 80 has a ceiling board 81, a ceiling support material 82, a ceiling insulation material 83, and a ceiling foam board 84 as shown in Fig. 5.

[0057] The ceiling board 81 is a flat plate located on the upper surface of the room B2. The ceiling board 81 is provided parallel to the XY plane.

[0058] The ceiling support material 82 is a plurality of beams, rafters, board rafters, rafter supports, or poles that support the ceiling board 81. The ceiling support material 82 is provided on the upper surface of the ceiling board 81. However, this is not limited to this. The ceiling support material 82 may be provided on the lower surface of the ceiling board 81.

[0059] The ceiling insulation material 83 is an insulation material provided on the upper surface of the ceiling board 81. The ceiling insulation material 83 is an extruded polystyrene foam. However, it is not limited to this. The ceiling insulation material 83 may be, for example, a glass wool board, a cellulose fiber, or a urethane foam.

[0060] The ceiling foam board 84 is a heat insulating material provided so as to cover the upper surface of the ceiling insulation material 83. The ceiling foam board 84 is made of a foamed plastic material having a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. The ceiling foam board 84 is preferably made of polystyrene foam. The ceiling foam board 84 is a board material provided so as to cover the surface of the first floor body 20 on the side of the underfloor space U. However, it is not limited to this. The ceiling foam board 84 may be a roll material.

[0061] The roof 90 covers the upper part of the building A. The roof 90 is provided above the second ceiling 80. As shown in FIG. 1, the roof 90 is formed in a mountain shape that is symmetrical in the left-right direction (symmetrical in the X-axis direction). Between the roof 90 and the second ceiling 80, a second attic space C2 that communicates with the third wall ventilation layer W3 is formed. A second exhaust vent 90a that exhausts air from within the second attic space C2 is formed at the top edge of the roof 90.

[0062] Next, the operation of the thermal insulation structure 1 will be described.

[0063] First, the first fan 30a and the second fan 70a of the thermal insulation structure 1 shown in Fig. 1 are operated. The first fan 30a and the second fan 70a cause indoor air in the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 to flow to the first wall ventilation layer W1 and the third wall ventilation layer W3.

[0064] A part of the air that flows into the first wall ventilation layer W1 descends through the first wall ventilation layer W1 and is discharged to the outside through the first exhaust port 34a. The remaining part of the air that flows into the first wall ventilation layer W1 ascends through the first wall ventilation layer W1 and flows to the third wall ventilation layer W3, and merges with the air inside the third wall ventilation layer W3. The air flowing through the first wall ventilation layer W1 acts as an air curtain that delays the transfer of cold air or heat from the first outer wall 34, which is heated or cooled by outdoor cold air or heat, to the first inner wall 31 that constitutes one side of the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, thereby providing a heat insulating effect. Furthermore, the transfer of cold air or heat to the first inner wall 31 is delayed by the first wall insulation material 33 and the first wall foam board 35 provided on the surface of the first inner wall 31 on the side of the first wall ventilation layer W1.

[0065] A part of the air that flows into the third wall ventilation layer W3 descends through the third wall ventilation layer W3, flows into the first wall ventilation layer W1, and merges with the air inside the first wall ventilation layer W1. A part of the remaining air that flows into the third wall ventilation layer W3 ascends through the third wall ventilation layer W3 and flows into the second ceiling space C2. The air flowing through the third wall ventilation layer W3 acts as an air curtain that delays the transfer of cold air or heat from the second outer wall 74, which is heated or cooled by outdoor cold air or heat, to the second inner wall 71 that constitutes one side of the room B2, thereby providing a heat insulating effect. Furthermore, the transfer of cold air or heat to the second inner wall 71 is delayed by the second wall insulation material 73 and the second wall foam board 75 provided on the surface of the second inner wall 71 on the side of the third wall ventilation layer W3.

[0066] The air that flows into the second attic space C2 is exhausted to the outdoors through the second exhaust port 90a. The air flowing through the second attic space C2 acts as an air curtain that delays the transfer of cold air or heat from the roof 90, which has been heated or cooled by the cold air or heat from outdoors, to the ceiling board 81, providing a heat insulating effect. Furthermore, the transfer of cold air or heat to the ceiling board 81 is delayed by the ceiling insulation material 83 and ceiling foam board 84 provided on the surface of the second ceiling 80 facing the second attic space C2.

[0067] As described above, the air inside the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 is exhausted to the outdoors from the first exhaust port 34a and the second exhaust port 90a via the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2. As a result, the amount of air inside the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 decreases, the air pressure drops, and air flows into the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2.

[0068] Specifically, air in the first attic space C1 flows into the room B1-1 through the ceiling vent 40a in the first ceiling 40 of the room B1-1. At this time, by operating the air conditioner E installed in the ceiling vent 40a, the air in the first attic space C1 can be made to flow more efficiently into the room B1-1.

[0069] The air that has flowed into room B1-1 then flows into room B1-2 through door D installed between rooms B1-1 and B1-2. Furthermore, the air that has flowed into room B1-1 flows into room B2 through stairs S installed in room B1-2.

[0070] After the air in the first attic space C1 flows into the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2, the amount of air in the first attic space C1 decreases, the air pressure drops, and air flows into the first attic space C1.

[0071] Specifically, air in the second wall ventilation layer W2 that communicates with the first attic space C1 flows into the first attic space C1. Then, the amount of air in the second wall ventilation layer W2 decreases, the air pressure drops, and air in the underfloor space U that communicates with the first attic space C1 flows into the first attic space C1. The air that flows from the underfloor space U through the second wall ventilation layer into the first attic space C1 flows upward (in the +Y-axis direction), so the dirt and dust contained in the air are pulled downward (in the -Y-axis direction) by gravity and are prevented from rising with the air, and are prevented from reaching the first attic space C1.

[0072] Furthermore, the air in the underfloor space U decreases, the air pressure drops, and outdoor air flows into the underfloor space U through the foundation air vent 13 of the foundation 10 that forms the underfloor space U.

[0073] In the thermal insulation structure 1 according to this embodiment, the air flowing through the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second attic space C2 becomes an air curtain, providing a thermal insulation effect. Furthermore, in the thermal insulation structure 1 according to this embodiment, when the air from the underfloor space U flowing into the first attic space C1 passes through the second wall ventilation layer W2, dirt and dust contained in the air from the underfloor space U is shaken off by its own weight, so that dirt and dust contained in the air flowing from the first attic space C1 to the rooms B1-1, B1-2, and B2 is suppressed.

[0074] In the thermal insulation structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the first floor body 20, the first wall body 30, the second wall body 70, and the second ceiling 80 have the first floor foam board 24, the first wall foam board 35, the second wall foam board 75, and the ceiling foam board 84, respectively. The first floor foam board 24, the first wall foam board 35, the second wall foam board 75, and the ceiling foam board 84 are foamed plastic materials, and the surface of the foamed plastic material is generally smoother than the surface of wood that has not been subjected to surface treatment. The first floor body 20, the first wall body 30, the second wall body 70, and the second ceiling 80 face the air flowing through the underfloor space U, the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2, which become the air curtain. By covering part of the inner surfaces of the underfloor space U, the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second attic space C2 with a smooth surface foamed plastic material, turbulence of the flowing air is reduced, improving the insulating effect.

[0075] In the thermal insulation structure 1 according to the present embodiment, the first floor foam board 24, the first wall foam board 35, the second wall foam board 75, and the ceiling foam board 84 cover the underfloor space U, the first wall ventilation layer W1, the third wall ventilation layer W3, and the second ceiling space C2 sides of the first floor support material 22, the first wall support material 32, the second wall support material 72, and the ceiling support material 82, respectively. Therefore, the transfer of heat to the room via the first floor support material 22, the first wall support material 32, the second wall support material 72, and the ceiling support material 82 can be suppressed, and the thermal insulation effect can be improved.

[0076] The first floor foam board 24 of the first floor body 20, the first wall foam board 35 of the first wall body 30, the second wall foam board 75 of the second wall body 70, and the ceiling foam board 84 of the second ceiling 80 are preferably made of polystyrene foam. In general, commercially available polystyrene foam has a smoother surface than extruded polystyrene foam, glass wool board, cellulose fiber, and urethane foam, can improve the heat insulating effect, and is inexpensive, so the cost of the heat insulating material can be reduced.

[0077] Next, verification experiments were carried out on the thermal insulation effects of the walls of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the first walls of the thermal insulation structures of Examples 1-7.

[0078] The width of the ventilation layer and the insulating material provided in the thermal insulation structures of the above Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 7 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0079] [Table 1]

[0080] The walls of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 include an inner wall and an outer wall that forms a ventilation layer between the inner wall and the outer wall, through which air flows. The inner and outer walls of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are made of 10 mm thick plasterboard. The inner and outer walls of Comparative Example 1 are provided at a position where the width of the ventilation layer is equivalent to two 10 mm thick furring strips. The inner wall of Comparative Example 1 is provided with cloth instead of a foam board. The inner and outer walls of Comparative Example 2 are provided at a position where the width of the ventilation layer is equivalent to three 10 mm thick furring strips. The inner wall of Comparative Example 2 does not have a foam board.

[0081] The first inner wall and the first outer wall in Examples 1 to 7 are made of plasterboard having a thickness of 10 mm. The first inner wall and the first outer wall in Examples 1 to 6 are provided at a position where the width of the first wall ventilation layer is two 10 mm thick furring strips. And the first inner wall and the first outer wall in Example 7 are provided at a position where the width of the first wall ventilation layer is three 10 mm thick furring strips.

[0082] The first wall foam board in Example 1 is Styrofoam (registered trademark, manufactured by DuPont Styro Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 10 mm. The first wall foam board in Example 2 is Styrofoam having a thickness of 20 mm. Styrofoam has a high insulating effect among foamed plastic materials, but has many irregularities on the surface.

[0083] The first wall foam board of Examples 3 and 7 is 10 mm thick polystyrene foam, and the first wall foam board of Example 4 is 20 mm thick polystyrene foam.

[0084] The first wall foam board of Example 5 is a phenol foam having a thickness of 10 mm. The first wall foam board of Example 6 is a polystyrene foam having a thickness of 20 mm and a vinyl covering the surface of the polystyrene foam.

[0085] In the verification experiments of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 7, the room temperature was measured, and temperature sensors were attached to the inner wall and outer wall of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the first inner wall and first outer wall of Examples 1 to 7 to measure the surface temperature and calculate the temperature change. In this verification experiment, the outer wall of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the first outer wall of Examples 1 to 7 were heated with a kerosene heater after the temperatures of the inner walls of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the first inner walls of Examples 1 to 7 had become almost the same as the room temperature.

[0086] The results of the verification experiments of the above Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 7 are shown in Table 2 below.

[0087] [Table 2]

[0088] The verification experiments of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 7 showed that the heat insulating effect was improved by providing a first wall foam board in the first inner wall. Furthermore, the verification experiments of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 7 showed that the temperature change after 3 hours could be minimized by using polystyrene foam as the first wall foam board.

[0089] The verification experiment of Example 6 showed that the insulation effect is suppressed by providing vinyl. This result is because vinyl has a lower insulation effect than foamed plastic material even though the surface is smooth, so heat is trapped in the vinyl, suppressing the effect of the air curtain and transferring heat to the first wall.

[0090] These results show that the use of polystyrene foam as the first wall foam board improves the heat insulation effect. Furthermore, since polystyrene foam is inexpensive, the use of polystyrene foam as the first wall foam board can reduce the cost of insulation materials.

[0091] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

[0092] In the above embodiment, the first indoor wall 51, the second indoor wall 52, the second floor 60, and the second ceiling 80 are not provided with a heat insulating material and a foam board. However, this is not limited to this. The first indoor wall 51, the second indoor wall 52, the second floor 60, and the second ceiling 80 may be provided with, for example, a heat insulating material and a foam board.

[0093] In the above embodiment, the duct section 50 is provided between the rooms B1-1 and B1-2, and the second wall ventilation layer W2 is in communication with the first ceiling space C1. However, this is not limited to this. For example, the room B2 may be divided into two rooms, and the duct section 50 may be provided between the two rooms of the room B2. Furthermore, the second wall ventilation layer W2 may be in communication with, for example, the ceiling space above the second ceiling 80 or the second ceiling space C2.

[0094] In the above embodiment, the air in the underfloor space U communicates with the indoor space of the building A via the second wall ventilation layer W2 and the first attic space C1. However, this is not limited to the above. The air in the underfloor space U only needs to communicate with the indoor space of the building A. The air in the underfloor space U may be directly connected to the indoor space from the second wall ventilation layer W2 by an air conditioner provided in the first indoor wall 51, for example. The air in the underfloor space U may also be directly connected to the indoor space by an underfloor air conditioner provided in the first floor body 20.

[0095] The present invention allows various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention. The above-described embodiments are for the purpose of explaining the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0096] 1 Thermal insulation structure, 10 Foundation, 11 Bottom, 12 Side wall, 13 Foundation vent, 20 First floor body, 21 First floor board, 22 First floor support material, 22a First floor base material, 22b First floor plywood, 22c First floor fixture, 23 First floor insulation material, 24 First floor foam board, 30 First wall body, 30a First fan, 31 First inner wall, 32 First wall support material, 32a First wall base material, 32b First wall plywood, 32c First wall fixture, 33 First wall insulation material, 34 First outer wall, 34a First exhaust port, 35 First wall foam board, 40 First ceiling, 40a Ceiling vent, 50 Duct section, 51 First indoor wall, 52 Second indoor wall, 60 Second floor body, 70 Second wall body, 70a 2nd fan, 71 2nd inner wall, 72 2nd wall support material, 72a 2nd wall base material, 72b 2nd wall plywood, 72c 2nd wall fixing device, 73 2nd wall insulation material, 74 2nd outer wall, 75 2nd wall foam board, 80 2nd ceiling, 81 ceiling board, 82 ceiling support material, 83 ceiling insulation material, 84 ceiling foam board, 90 roof, 90a 2nd exhaust vent, A building, B1-1, B1-2, B2 room, C1 1st ceiling space, C2 2nd ceiling space, D door, E air conditioner, S staircase, U underfloor space, W1 1st wall ventilation layer, W2 2nd wall ventilation layer, W3 3rd wall ventilation layer.

Claims

1. A floor body having a space below the floor into which air flows in from the outdoors; A wall body having an inner wall and an outer wall, and a wall ventilation layer through which air in an indoor space of a building is exhausted between the inner wall and the outer wall; A ceiling having an attic space formed above the ceiling, the attic space communicating with the wall ventilation layer and through which the air inside is exhausted to the outside; an air passage that communicates the underfloor space and the interior space; A foamed plastic material that covers at least one of a surface of the inner wall on the side of the wall ventilation layer, a surface of the floor body on the side of the underfloor space, and a surface of the ceiling on the side of the ceiling space; A thermally insulated building structure.

2. The inner wall, the floor, and the ceiling each have a plurality of support members arranged in parallel, and a heat insulating material provided between each of the support members and adjacent other support members; 2. The thermal insulation structure of a building as described in claim 1, wherein the foamed plastic material covers the boundary between the support material and the insulation material on at least one of the following surfaces: the surface of the inner wall on the side of the wall ventilation layer, the surface of the floor body on the side of the underfloor space, and the surface of the ceiling on the side of the attic space.

3. The support material includes a plate material covering at least one of a surface of the insulation material on the side of the wall ventilation layer and a surface of the floor body on the side of the underfloor space, The thermally insulated building structure of claim 2, wherein the foamed plastic material is bonded to the plate.

4. The insulating structure of a building as described in claim 2, wherein the foamed plastic material covers at least one of the following surfaces: the surface of the inner wall of the support material facing the wall ventilation layer, the surface of the floor body facing the underfloor space, and the surface of the ceiling facing the attic space.

5. 5. The thermal insulation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the foamed plastic material is made of polystyrene foam.

6. The thermal insulation structure for a building according to claim 5 , wherein the polystyrene foam is a plate material having a thickness of 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

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