Zero energy energy-saving structure

Abstract

To provide an energy-saving structure capable of producing an effective energy-saving effect throughout the year.SOLUTION: A zero energy energy-saving structure 1 is for a building having a double exterior structure including an outer member 2, an inner member 3 provided inside the outer member 2, and a ventilation layer 4 formed between the outer member 2 and the inner member 3. An opening / closing device 5 for adjusting a ventilation amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer 4 is provided above, below, or in the middle of the ventilation layer 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a zero-energy energy-saving structure in which a building has a double-layered roof and walls, with a ventilation layer between the exterior and interior materials, and an opening and closing device that adjusts the amount of ventilation is provided to minimize indoor heating and cooling costs throughout the year. [Background technology]

[0002] In general houses and the like, various structures are installed to ventilate the inside of the exterior walls of the building, the attic, etc. (For example, Patent Document 1). There is also a system in which the exterior material of the building has a double structure, a material with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is placed between the layers, and the interior side is further ventilated. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2021-147851 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In general houses, a structure that allows ventilation between exterior materials has been constructed for the purpose of discharging heat that enters the room from the outside and humidity inside the room. The heat that moves through the building changes depending on the season, from the outside to the inside in summer and from the inside to the outside in winter. In summer, heat absorbed from the outside into the exterior wall is transferred to the air flowing inside the wall and is released to the outside as convection heat. As the temperature rises, the air flowing inside the wall becomes faster and faster due to thermal expansion and the draft effect. At this time, most of the heat from the outside is discharged, but at the same time, if the flow speed is fast, heat is supplied to the inside of the room, and the energy saving effect is reduced. On the other hand, in winter, heat from the inside of the room passes through the ventilation layer and is discharged to the outside, so the thermal efficiency inside the room becomes very poor. According to one house manufacturer, data has been reported that 15% to 50% of the heat of heating costs in winter is discharged. This type of structure is the basis for houses and other structures, and its main purpose is to prevent condensation on the insulation, which allows moisture generated indoors in winter to be expelled to the outdoors through this ventilation layer.

[0005] There is also a system in which the exterior material of a building is double-layered, with a material with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, between them, and ventilation is provided on the inside of the building. This method makes use of the low radiation performance of heat-shielding materials. Since the amount of radiation is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature, using a material with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, on a building does not necessarily mean that it will be effective. However, this method does not have such concerns because it has a ventilation layer on the radiation side of a material that has a high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil. However, simply providing ventilation, while very effective in the summer, can actually have a negative effect in the winter. Therefore, this condition alone cannot produce effective energy conservation effects throughout the year.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has an object to provide an energy-saving structure that can produce effective energy-saving effects throughout the year. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The energy-saving structure of the present invention is an energy-saving structure in a building having a double exterior structure having an outer member, an inner member provided inside the outer member, and a ventilation layer formed between the outer member and the inner member, and is characterized in that an opening and closing device for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer is provided above, below, or midway through the ventilation layer.

[0008] The energy-saving structure of the present invention is characterized in that a material with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is provided between the outer member and the inner member, and an air-permeable layer is formed on the indoor side of the material with high reflectivity to radiant heat, such as aluminum foil.

[0009] The energy-saving structure of the present invention is characterized in that the opening and closing device is an automatic temperature opening and closing type having a base material having a through hole, an opening and closing member that can move in the direction in which the through hole is formed in the base material, and a displacement member that is connected to the opening and closing member and is made of a shape memory alloy, and is characterized in that when the temperature has not risen to a predetermined temperature, the opening and closing member closes the through hole, and when the temperature has risen to the predetermined temperature, the displacement member displaces to move the opening and closing member and open the through hole.

[0010] The energy-saving structure according to the present invention is characterized in that the opening / closing device for adjusting the amount of ventilation is a rotary blade type opening / closing device driven by electricity or air.

[0011] The energy-saving structure according to the present invention is characterized in that a partition plate is provided in the ventilation layer in parallel with the air flow direction. Effect of the Invention

[0012] Conventional ventilation structures are effective in preventing the heat of summer, but they have a negative effect on the cold of winter, making them very difficult to use in cold regions. The energy-saving structure of the present invention is equipped with an opening and closing device that adjusts the amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer, so that both heat and cold can be adjusted, and the structure can be used efficiently anywhere in the country.

[0013] Up until now, various methods have been used to reduce energy consumption in buildings, but the maximum energy savings was about 30%. The energy-saving structure of the present invention makes it possible to regulate both heating and cooling temperatures, and it is revolutionary that the roof alone can achieve 60% energy savings.

[0014] In the energy-saving structure according to the present invention, a shape memory alloy is used in the opening and closing device, so that energy saving effects can be achieved with zero energy consumption. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view of the ridge when a zero energy saving structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed into a double roof structure. [Diagram 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a building when a zero energy saving structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed in the building. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a zero energy saving structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a partition plate is provided on a wall of a building having a double structure. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view of a zero energy saving structure according to an embodiment of the present invention formed on a concave-convex roof structure. [Diagram 5] 1 is a diagram showing an opening / closing section made of a shape memory alloy of a zero energy saving structure opening / closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining the opening and closing of a switchgear having a zero energy saving structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) shows a closed state and (b) shows an open state. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example in which a zero energy energy saving opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0017] With global warming progressing rapidly, it is becoming increasingly important to build buildings with improved cooling capabilities, and electricity prices are also rising, making energy conservation a very important issue. One option to improve the thermal insulation of buildings is to use thicker insulation materials, but insulation materials are heat storage materials, so it is difficult to achieve a significant effect against high temperatures.

[0018] A construction method is being used in which heat-shielding materials, which are effective at blocking radiant heat from the sun, are used between roofs and exterior materials. Heat-shielding materials are known to reflect radiant heat, and materials with a high reflectivity can block as much as 98% of it. However, if the radiating side of the heat-shielding material is a small space, the emissivity can drop significantly. This is because the amount of radiation is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature, so even a small amount of radiation becomes a large amount of heat in a small space, causing the emissivity to increase. An increase in emissivity means a decrease in reflectivity, which ultimately leads to a decrease in insulation.

[0019] To solve this problem, a ventilation layer is provided on the radiation side of the heat-shielding material to allow ventilation, which keeps the environment on the radiation side constant and creates a highly insulating roof or wall structure. However, because it has high performance in the summer, it has a negative effect in the winter, making it difficult to provide sufficient energy savings throughout the year. Therefore, it is necessary to stop the ventilation when it is cold to improve heat retention, or to increase the amount of ventilation when it is hot to increase the amount of heat exhaust.

[0020] Furthermore, when ventilating the entire roof or walls of a building, the amount of heat in each part will vary depending on the building's orientation, roof shape, size, building height, roof and wall materials, size of the ventilation layer, ventilation speed, topography, etc. For example, a building facing south receives more solar radiation on the south side but less on the north side, so it goes without saying that ventilating both the north and south sides in the same way will be less effective. Also, as the sun moves over time, the heat supplied to a building will fluctuate accordingly. Therefore, it is not true that ventilating will save energy.

[0021] As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the zero energy energy-saving structure (energy-saving structure) 1 of the present invention is a building having a double exterior structure with an exterior material (exterior member) 2, an interior material (interior member) 3 provided inside the exterior material 2, and a ventilation layer 4 formed between the exterior material 2 and the interior material 3, and an opening / closing device 5 for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer 4 is provided at the top, bottom, or middle of the ventilation layer 4. In addition, a material 6 having a high reflectivity against radiant heat such as aluminum foil (hereinafter also referred to as a high reflectivity material) is provided between the exterior material 2 and the interior member 3, and the ventilation layer 4 is formed on the indoor side of the high reflectivity material 6. For example, a heat-shielding material is used as the high reflectivity material 6. In Fig. 1, the opening / closing device 5 is provided between the exterior material 2 and a ridge metal plate 7 with the high reflectivity material 6 provided on the inside. The upper part, lower part and middle part of the ventilation layer 4 refer to the positions of the intake port for air flowing into the ventilation layer 4 and the exhaust port for air discharged from the ventilation layer 4.

[0022] In the zero energy energy saving structure 1 (system), all the surfaces of the roof and walls of the building are double-layered, with a highly reflective material 6 between them. Furthermore, a ventilation layer 4 is provided on the indoor side (radiation side) of the highly reflective material 6, and an opening and closing device 5 for adjusting the amount of ventilation is provided above, below, or in the middle of the ventilation layer 4. Note that the double-layered structure can be either gypsum board and exterior material as in a house, or a new exterior material can be provided on the outside of the existing exterior material in a building without interior material such as a factory. The important thing is that it is composed of two opposing walls. However, since air flows through this space, it is preferable that there are as few obstacles as possible.

[0023] The highly reflective material 6 is attached inside the double structure described above. It is preferable to attach it directly only to the indoor side (the ventilation layer 4 side) of the exterior material 2, but there is no problem if it is sandwiched in between. However, it is an absolute requirement that the radiation side of the highly reflective material 6 be ventilated. In the present invention, the low radiation performance of the highly reflective material 6 is utilized, but any material with high thermal insulation properties such as vacuum insulation or low emissivity can be used.

[0024] In the present invention, an opening and closing device 5 is provided at the top, bottom, or middle of the ventilation layer 4 to control the amount of ventilation that flows through the ventilation layer 4. For example, when installing the opening and closing device 5 on a roof, it is preferable to install it near the ridge to make maintenance easier. If it is installed at the eaves, various problems arise, such as the need for scaffolding all over the roof and the need for space for workers at high altitudes. For a single-slope roof, it is common to install it at the ridge. If there is a ridge at each of the four corners, such as a hipped roof, it may be installed diagonally along the ridge. If the roof is equipped with a ventilator, it is preferable to install it below the ridge and also install it on the ridge. Also, for roofs that are very long from the ridge to the eaves and have a small slope, the opening and closing device 5 can be installed somewhere along the way. In this case, the speed of the air flowing through the ventilation layer 4 is slow, and the temperature of the air rises by the time it reaches the ridge. Therefore, it is more for the purpose of discharging heat than for maintenance.

[0025] On the other hand, in the case of a wall, there are various problems such as the need to install the opening and closing device 5 all around the building, the wall being high, there are many places where there is no space for maintenance around, and the shape of the roof makes it impossible to install horizontally, etc. Therefore, it is generally often installed on the foundation.

[0026] The highly reflective material 6 is generally made of aluminum foil with a purity of 99.5% or more. The important thing is the emissivity, and generally, materials with an emissivity of about 2% to 10% are used. The highly reflective material 6 is mostly made of aluminum foil, and generally has a thickness of about several microns to 10 microns. However, since aluminum foil wears out when exposed to wind for a long period of time, the aluminum foil used in the present invention has an inner part that comes into contact with the wind of 30 microns. Furthermore, since the air also contains acidic and alkaline components, a thin resin film of about 5 microns is applied to the surface of the aluminum foil to deal with these.

[0027] In the zero energy energy saving structure 1 of the present invention, the opening and closing device 5 for adjusting the ventilation amount is an automatic temperature opening and closing device using a shape memory alloy.

[0028] Even if the exterior material 2 is made double-layered and a ventilation layer 4 is provided inside the wall, the temperature changes depending on the season or between day and night, and while it is effective when it is hot, it will actually expel heat from the room when it is cold, greatly reducing the energy-saving effect. Therefore, by installing an automatic temperature opening and closing device 5 using a shape memory alloy, it is possible to adjust the amount of ventilation depending on the temperature of the air being exhausted. Ventilation methods for walls, etc. are good in the summer but have a negative effect in the winter, but with this opening and closing device 5, it is possible to achieve minimum energy savings anywhere in the country, from warm regions to cold regions.

[0029] In the zero energy energy saving structure 1 of the present invention, an opening and closing device 5 using a shape memory alloy is attached to the upper part, lower part, or midway of the ventilation layer 4 to provide an optimal ventilation amount.

[0030] There are various ways to use the opening and closing device 5, but the opening and closing device 5 of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, has a base material 10 having a plurality of through holes 11, a slide member (opening and closing member) 12 that is placed on top of the base material 10 and can move in the direction in which the through holes 11 are formed, and a spring 13 connected to the slide member 12.

[0031] The spring 13 is made of a shape memory alloy and functions as a displacement member. The shape memory alloy is an alloy of titanium and nickel, and has the property of returning to its original state even if it is deformed at a temperature above its transformation point. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6(a), when it cools, the spring 13 expands, the slide member 12 moves to the right in the left-right direction X, and the through hole 11 is closed by the slide member 12, resulting in a closed state. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6(b), when it warms up to a predetermined temperature, the spring 13 contracts, the slide member 12 moves to the left in the left-right direction X, and the through hole 11 opens, resulting in an open state. Using this property, the through hole 11 is opened and closed to adjust the flow of air in and out. The temperature of the air at the inlet, outlet, or intermediate portion of the ventilation layer 4 is sensed and the opening degree of the opening / closing device 5 is adjusted. Therefore, the temperature in the ventilation layer 4 is relatively stable. The method of rotating the rotary plate is not limited to this.

[0032] In the case of a long roof or a roof with a small slope, the air flow is gentle and the temperature difference between the entrance (air intake) and exit (air exhaust) of the ventilation layer 4 becomes large. Therefore, an effective energy-saving structure is to drill holes in the top edge of the convex part of the outer exterior material 2 and to exhaust some of the heat from there. As shown in Figure 3, the intermediate automatic temperature opening and closing device 8 using a shape memory alloy has a cross section of approximately 30 mm x 50 mm and a length of about 300 mm. It is attached to both sides of the convex part of the outer exterior material 2 along the top, and a metal cover is attached and fixed from the top of the exterior material 2. Air is exhausted through multiple holes of about 30 mm in diameter drilled on the top edge of the convex part of the outer exterior material 2. It is important to take measures to prevent rain and wind from entering the area around the opening and closing device 5. The greatest feature of the shape memory alloy is that it operates without using power and is extremely easy to use as it rarely breaks down.

[0033] 7, a metal fitting 21 having front and rear vent holes 22 formed therein can be fixed with a bolt 23, and an opening / closing device 5 can be attached to the rear side of the rear vent hole 22. When the opening / closing device 5 is in the open state, air that has passed through the ventilation layer 4 passes through the vent hole 22 and is discharged to the outside.

[0034] In the zero energy energy saving structure 1 of the present invention, the opening / closing device 5 for adjusting the amount of ventilation may be a rotary blade opening / closing device driven by electricity or air.

[0035] Shape memory alloys are metals that memorize temperature and thus deform, so the reaction may be slightly delayed. Moreover, in places with long roofs or exterior walls, it is extremely difficult to set the temperature at the entrance or exit of the ventilation layer to the required temperature inside the room. Therefore, in order to ensure that the temperature change in the ventilation layer 4 is reflected in the room temperature in a short time, it is preferable to detect the temperature in the ventilation layer 4 and instantaneously operate the opening and closing device 5. In the present invention, a rotary blade opening and closing device operated by electricity or air is used as the opening and closing device 5 that adjusts the amount of ventilation.

[0036] The rotary blade type opening and closing device detects the temperature inside the ventilation layer 4 and opens and closes when the required temperature is reached, with an opening and closing rate of 100% or 0%. The advantage of this instantaneous opening and closing is that the desired indoor temperature can be achieved quickly. An air cylinder is used for drive, but a hydraulic cylinder or a motor can also be used.

[0037] The zero energy energy saving structure of the present invention has a plurality of partition plates 20 provided in parallel with the air flow direction in the ventilation layer 4 formed on the roof and walls.

[0038] The heat that has the greatest thermal impact on buildings is radiant heat from the sun. The amount of radiant heat received varies greatly depending on the part and angle at which it is irradiated. For example, in summer, a building facing south receives a lot of heat on the south side, but in the opposite direction, heat is often radiated from the north side. In this way, the amount of heat received changes depending on the season, and even over just a day or an hour. Of course, it is also greatly affected by the natural environment, such as wind, rain, and snow. As a result, the air in the ventilation layer installed in the double-structure exterior material not only moves up and down, but also moves left and right in accordance with the law that heat moves from hot to cold. As a result, even if high-temperature heat is used, low-temperature air may enter from adjacent areas, and as a result, sufficient temperature may not be utilized. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient energy conservation, it is preferable to control heat movement only in the vertical direction.

[0039] Therefore, in the zero energy energy saving structure 1, as shown in Fig. 4, multiple partition plates 20 are provided in the ventilation layer 4 in parallel with the upward and downward air flow. In other words, this zero energy energy saving structure 1 is structured so that air can only move from bottom to top. This results in different temperatures in adjacent ventilation layers 4. Since an opening and closing device 5 for adjusting the amount of ventilation is provided at the top or bottom of each ventilation layer 4, the opening and closing degree of the opening and closing device 5 differs for each ventilation layer 4. For example, the opening and closing device 5 provided in the ventilation layer 4 in the high temperature area dissipates heat in the open state, and conversely, the ventilation layer 4 in the low temperature area is closed.

[0040] The material of the partition plate 20 may be either metal or resin, as long as it can withstand the maximum temperature of the exterior material 2, which is about 85°C. The intervals between the partition plates 20 may be relatively wide, for example 5m, in buildings facing south where the heat irradiated to the exterior material 2 moves slowly overall. Also, buildings constructed at an angle to the sun, such as in the northeast and southwest, may be suddenly shaded if the sun moves slightly. For such buildings, it is preferable to provide partition plates 20 at short intervals of 1m each.

[0041] Next, the zero energy saving structure according to the present invention will be described in detail. This invention aims to use natural air to efficiently heat and cool buildings. The biggest feature of this system is that it does not require any special energy because it only uses air. However, the temperature of air changes greatly depending on the conditions, making it difficult to control.

[0042] First, it is important to block radiant heat, which has the greatest thermal impact on buildings. For this reason, the exterior materials of buildings are made into a double structure consisting of an outer exterior material (outer member) and an inner exterior material (inner member), and a material with high reflectivity against radiant heat (high reflectivity material), such as aluminum foil, is placed between them to block radiant heat. It has been known that highly reflective materials are important for blocking radiant heat because they reflect radiant heat. However, when used between a double structure consisting of a building's exterior material and interior material, the radiant side of the highly reflective material becomes a narrow space, and this space rises in temperature. This is because the amount of radiation increases rapidly, according to the law that the amount of radiation is proportional to the fourth power of absolute temperature. As a result, the emissivity increases, which results in a decrease in reflectivity and a decrease in the insulation effect. In this invention, the radiation side of the highly reflective material is ventilated to prevent the temperature on the radiation side from rising. Since the amount of heat on the radiation side is small to begin with, the amount of air required to exhaust it is also small. In other words, if the material has a highly reflective rate of 95%, only 5% of the heat needs to be exhausted.

[0043] Secondly, no matter how highly reflective the exterior material, the air temperature changes between summer and winter, and between day and night. In other words, even if highly reflective material is used and ventilation is enabled, it will have a great effect when the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature, but it will have a negative effect when the room temperature is lower. Therefore, it is important to adjust the amount of ventilation depending on the outside temperature. In the present invention, an opening and closing device is provided at the entrance, exit, or midway of the ventilation layer to address this issue. In particular, the present invention is provided with an automatic temperature opening and closing device that utilizes a shape memory alloy. The shape memory alloy senses the air temperature at the entrance, exit, or middle part of the ventilation layer, and adjusts the opening of the opening and closing device. Therefore, the temperature inside the ventilation layer is relatively stable. Moreover, since it operates in response to temperature, it does not require power and is extremely unlikely to malfunction. In other words, the major feature of this system is that it uses free air and is an energy-saving switchgear that uses shape memory alloys that do not require power.

[0044] Thirdly, to control the indoor temperature more precisely, a system can be used that detects the temperature in the ventilation layer adjacent to the desired indoor temperature and controls the amount of ventilation by using an opening and closing device operated by an air cylinder or the like.

[0045] The fourth type is to divide the inside of the ventilation layer into a plurality of sections in the direction of air flow by partition plates. There are many factors that affect the heat in a building and they are very difficult to control. For example, radiant heat has the greatest thermal impact, but there is a huge temperature difference between being in the shade and being in the sun. It also varies greatly depending on the direction of the building. Also, when the wind blows, the temperature is likely to drop in areas that are directly hit by the wind. There are many other factors involved, such as the size and height of the building, the topography, direction, and snow. In this way, even if a building has a double-layered structure, each part of the exterior material receives different amounts of heat, so the air in the ventilation layer often moves horizontally. Therefore, in this invention, partitions are installed vertically within the ventilation layer, and the air flowing through the ventilation layer is constantly in a laminar flow from bottom to top. If the temperature of the air flowing through the ventilation layer changes, the shape memory alloy automatically detects it at each part and opens and closes, so the thermal effect on the room at each part is very large. Furthermore, by dividing the area of ​​the ventilation layer into smaller areas and using AI, it is possible to create the maximum energy saving effect by opening each area and how much.

[0046] [Test 1] We simulated energy conservation in a precision machinery factory that operates at a room temperature of 20°C throughout the year, and the amount of heat generated when various construction methods were used. "Double" means that insulation material is installed and sealed between the double-layered folded plates. Back heat insulation is the application of a material with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, directly to the interior side of a double-layered exterior exterior material and then sealing it. The back heat insulation opening method involves directly attaching a material with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, to the indoor side of a double-layered outer exterior material to allow ventilation inside.

[0047] [Result 1] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0048] [Table 1] JPEG2025029733000002.jpg122152

[0049] [Consideration 1] It can be seen that double layer (double pack) and back heat insulation methods (inserting heat insulation material only) do not provide much cooling effect. Also, with the back heat insulation open, the cooling effect in summer is nearly 60%, and it can be seen that the ventilation effect is very large. It can be seen that the heating effect is reduced by about 50% from the current level for all of the double layer, back heat insulation, and back heat insulation open methods. However, it can be said that there is not much difference between the three. In the end, the back heat insulation open method, which has a large cooling effect in summer, is overwhelmingly more effective.

[0050] [Test 2] The purpose of this test is to investigate the temperature difference that occurs between shaded and sunny areas when the exterior wall temperature rises. Three ventilation test specimens (width 35 mm, length 30 mm, height 200 mm) with a hexagonal cross section were made from Galvalume steel plate (registered trademark). All three ventilation test specimens were lined up at a position 300 mm from the front so that the width direction faced a 1KW far-infrared heater. In other words, all three test specimens were hollow inside so that air could enter from the bottom and be exhausted from the top. The outline of each test specimen is as follows: Test piece A: No heat shielding applied Test piece B: Heat-shielding THB-FX directly attached to the heater side of the cavity Test specimen C: Heat-insulating THB-FX was directly applied to the heater side of the hollow section, and a wooden partition was placed 20 mm outside the test specimen on the heater side to provide shade.

[0051] A thermo recorder was attached to each test specimen to measure the temperature. The measurement positions and purposes are as follows. The room temperature at this time was approximately 27 to 29 degrees Celsius. (1) Thermo recorder: Attached directly to the outer metal of the heater side of test specimen A to measure the outer temperature of the metal plate (2) Thermo recorder: Measure the air temperature at the center of the cavity of test specimen A (20 mm from the top). (3) Thermo recorder: Measure the air temperature at the center of the cavity of the B test specimen (20 mm from the top). (4) Thermo recorder: Measure the air temperature at the center of the cavity of the C test specimen (20 mm from the top). (5) Thermo recorder: Room temperature

[0052] [Result 2] The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0053] [Table 2] JPEG2025029733000003.jpg86153[Table 3] TIFF2025029733000004.tif136127

[0054] [Consideration 2] When the heater side folded plate surface temperature (1) is 62.1°C, the air temperature (2) inside without heat insulation is 37.5°C, and the effect of ventilation is 24.0°C. At this time, the air temperature (3) with heat insulation on the heater side is 33.5°C, and the effect of heat insulation is an additional 4.0°C. Also, even with heat insulation on the heater side, the air temperature (4) in the shade is 28.5°C, and it can be seen that there is a difference of 5.0°C between shade and sun. Also, when the heater side folded plate surface temperature (1) is 82.7°C, the air temperature (2) inside without heat insulation is 47.7°C, and the effect of ventilation is 35.0°C. At this time, the air temperature (3) with heat insulation on the heater side is 40.8°C, and the effect of heat insulation is an additional 6.9°C. In addition, even when the heater side was insulated, the air temperature in the shade (4) was 29.3°C, which is an 11.0°C difference between the shade and the sun. This experiment shows that the ventilation effect of the exterior material is very large. It shows that the difference in air temperature is very large between the shade and the sun, even when the same method is used to insulate and ventilate the air.

[0055] Although the present embodiment has been described above, it is possible to select from the configurations given in the above embodiment, or to change to other configurations as appropriate, without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0056] 1 Zero energy energy-saving structure (energy-saving structure) 2 Exterior materials (outer components) 3 Interior materials (inner components) 4. Ventilation layer 5. Switchgear 6. Materials with high reflectivity against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil (highly reflective materials) 7. Ridge Sheet Metal 8. Intermediate automatic temperature switch 10 Base material 11 Through hole 12 Slide member (opening / closing member) 13. Spring 20 Partition 21 Metal fittings 22 Through hole 23 Volts

Claims

1. An energy-saving structure for a building having a double exterior structure including an outer member, an inner member provided inside the outer member, and a ventilation layer formed between the outer member and the inner member, An opening and closing device for adjusting the amount of air flowing through the ventilation layer is provided at the top, bottom, or middle of the ventilation layer. An energy-saving structure characterized by:

2. A material having a high reflectance against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil, is provided between the outer member and the inner member, and the ventilation layer is formed on the indoor side of the material having a high reflectance against radiant heat, such as aluminum foil.

2. The energy-saving structure according to claim 1.

3. The opening and closing device is an automatic temperature opening and closing type having a base material having a through hole, an opening and closing member movable in a direction in which the through hole of the base material is formed, and a displacement member connected to the opening and closing member and made of a shape memory alloy, When the temperature has not yet reached a predetermined temperature, the opening / closing member closes the through hole, and when the temperature has reached the predetermined temperature, the displacement member is displaced to move the opening / closing member and open the through hole.

3. The energy-saving structure according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The opening / closing device for adjusting the amount of ventilation is a rotary blade opening / closing device driven by electricity or air.

3. The energy-saving structure according to claim 1 or 2.

5. A plurality of partition plates are provided in the ventilation layer parallel to the air flow direction.

3. The energy-saving structure according to claim 1 or 2.

Images