Power supply system, and operation method of power supply system

Abstract

To provide a technique advantageous from the viewpoint of dealing with power outages of commercial power sources.SOLUTION: A power supply system 1a includes: a solar power generation equipment 10; a fuel cell equipment 20; a battery storage equipment 30; and a control unit 50a. The control unit 50a controls the operation of the solar power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, and the operation of the battery storage equipment 30. The power supply system 1a is connected to a commercial power source 2. The control unit 50a is configured so as to, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state and the amount of stored electricity in the battery storage equipment 30 is less than the reference value, control the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate electricity regardless of the power generated by solar power generation equipment 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electric power supply system and a method of operating an electric power supply system. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a power supply system. This power supply system supplies power to a home load by linking a power storage means, a photovoltaic power generation system, and a grid. This power supply system includes a selection unit. The selection unit selects a supply destination of surplus power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system other than the power consumed by the home load, based on the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system, the amount of power consumed by the home load, and setting conditions of the power supply system. The selection unit selects the power storage means as the supply destination of the surplus power when the grid is in a power outage state, and selects the grid as the supply destination of the surplus power when the grid is not in a power outage state. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-164361 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The power supply system described in Patent Document 1 needs to be reconsidered from the viewpoint of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power supply. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a technique that is advantageous from the viewpoint of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power supply. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The power supply system according to the present disclosure includes: Solar power generation equipment, A fuel cell facility; A battery storage facility; a control device that controls an operation of the solar power generation facility, an operation of the fuel cell facility, and an operation of the storage battery facility; The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, When the commercial power supply is in a power outage state and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a reference value, the control device causes the fuel cell equipment to generate power regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation equipment.

[0006] The method for operating a power supply system according to the present disclosure includes: The power supply system includes a solar power generation facility, a fuel cell facility, and a storage battery facility, The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, When the commercial power supply is in a power outage state and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a reference value, the fuel cell equipment is caused to generate power regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation equipment. Effect of the Invention

[0007] The technology according to the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of dealing with power outages of commercial power. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] A configuration diagram of a power supply system according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in a normal mode. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of control content in a normal mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an operation procedure in a power failure response mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of control content in a power failure response mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an operation procedure of a power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7]FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of control content in a power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] (The knowledge and other information that formed the basis of this disclosure) At the time when the present inventors came up with the idea of ​​the present disclosure, a power supply system that links a photovoltaic power generation facility, a storage battery facility, and a commercial power source was being studied. For example, in the power supply system described in Patent Document 1, when the grid is in a power outage state, a power storage means is selected as a supply destination of surplus power, and when the grid is not in a power outage state, the grid is selected as a supply destination of surplus power.

[0010] On the other hand, in such a power supply system, when the commercial power supply is in a power outage, it is assumed that the power supply to the power load cannot be covered by the photovoltaic power generation equipment and the storage battery equipment depending on the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment and the amount of power stored in the storage battery equipment. In this case, a situation may occur in which the power supply from the power supply system is completely cut off.

[0011] In view of the above circumstances, the present inventors have conducted extensive research into a technology for increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power supply is in a power outage state in a power supply system that links a photovoltaic power generation facility, a storage battery facility, and a commercial power source. As a result, it has been newly discovered that such a power supply system further includes a fuel cell facility, and when the commercial power source is in a power outage state, the fuel cell facility can be operated in accordance with the state of the storage battery facility, thereby increasing the possibility of power supply.

[0012] Based on this knowledge, the inventor further investigated the relationship between the operation of fuel cell equipment and the state of solar power generation equipment and storage battery equipment when the commercial power source is in a power outage, and came up with the technology disclosed herein.

[0013] Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, more detailed explanation than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed explanation of already well-known matters or duplicate explanation of substantially the same configuration may be omitted. This is to avoid the following explanation becoming more redundant than necessary and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0014] The accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.

[0015] (Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG.

[0016] [1-1. Configuration] Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the power supply system 1a includes a solar power generation facility 10, a fuel cell facility 20, a storage battery facility 30, and a control device 50a. The power supply system 1a is interconnected with a commercial power source 2. The power supply system 1a is a system that supplies power to a power load 5 by linking the solar power generation facility 10, the fuel cell facility 20, the storage battery facility 30, and the commercial power source 2.

[0017] The control device 50a controls the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the fuel cell equipment 20, and the storage battery equipment 30. The control device 50a is, for example, a computer including a storage device that stores programs necessary for these controls, and a processor that reads and executes the programs from the storage device.

[0018] The solar power generation facility 10 includes a solar power generation module 11, a DCDC converter 12, a DCAC inverter 13, and a control device 50c. The solar power generation module 11 includes a solar cell panel. Examples of the solar cell include a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, a thin-film silicon solar cell, a CIS solar cell, a CIGS solar cell, an organic semiconductor solar cell, and a perovskite solar cell. The solar power generation facility 10 may include, for example, a plurality of solar power generation modules 11. The DCDC converter 12 converts the DC power generated in the solar power generation module 11 into DC power of a desired voltage. The DCAC inverter 13 converts the DC power output from the DCDC converter 12 into AC power suitable for power supply to the outside of the solar power generation facility 10. This AC power is supplied to, for example, an electric circuit 70 outside the solar power generation facility 10.

[0019] The control device 50c is connected to the control device 50a in a wired or wireless manner so as to be able to communicate with the control device 50a. For example, the control device 50c controls the operations of the DCDC converter 12 and the DCAC inverter 13 in accordance with a control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c also controls the power generation P PV The control device 50c transmits data indicating the current or power output from the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 to the control device 50a. This data may be, for example, data indicating the current or power output from the photovoltaic power generation facility 10. The photovoltaic power generation facility 10 may be equipped with a current sensor or a power sensor to acquire such data. The control device 50c is, for example, a computer equipped with a storage device that stores a program required for operating the photovoltaic power generation facility 10, and a processor that reads out and executes the program from the storage device.

[0020] The fuel cell equipment 20 includes, for example, a plurality of fuel cell systems 20a, 20b, and 20c. Each of the fuel cell systems 20a, 20b, and 20c includes, for example, a fuel cell stack 21, a DCDC converter 22, a DCAC inverter 23, and a control device 50d. Examples of fuel cells include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, a phosphoric acid fuel cell, and a molten carbonate fuel cell. A fuel cell stack 21 is supplied with a fuel gas and an oxidant gas, and electric power is generated by the reaction of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas in the fuel cell stack 21, and the DC power is output to the outside of the fuel cell stack 21. The DCDC converter 22 converts the DC power output from the fuel cell stack 21 into DC power of a desired voltage. The DCAC inverter 23 converts the DC power output from the DCDC converter 22 into AC power suitable for power supply to the outside of the fuel cell equipment 20. The AC power is supplied to, for example, an electric circuit 70 outside the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0021] The control device 50d is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly so as to be able to communicate with it. For example, the control device 50d performs control necessary for the operation of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to a control signal received from the control device 50a. For example, the control device 50d controls the operation of the DCDC converter 22, the DCAC inverter 23, and auxiliary equipment (not shown). Examples of the auxiliary equipment are a pump, a blower, and a valve. The pump and the blower send fuel gas and oxidant gas toward the fuel cell stack 21, for example. The control device 50d also transmits data indicating the power generated in the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c to the control device 50a. This data may be, for example, data indicating the magnitude of the current output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c. The control device 50d is, for example, a computer including a storage device in which a program necessary for the operation of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is stored, and a processor that reads out and executes the program from the storage device.

[0022] The DCAC inverter 23 may convert AC power supplied to the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c from an electric circuit 70 outside the fuel cell equipment 20 into DC power. This DC power is used, for example, to start up the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c. For example, the DC power is used to operate auxiliary equipment.

[0023] The fuel used in the fuel cell equipment 20 is, for example, pure hydrogen. In this case, the fuel cell equipment 20 further includes a tank (not shown) in which pure hydrogen is stored. Hydrogen gas is supplied from this tank as fuel gas to the fuel cell stack 21. The fuel used in the fuel cell equipment 20 may contain a hydrocarbon gas such as methane gas, propane gas, or butane gas. In this case, the fuel cell equipment 20 includes a reformer. A hydrogen-containing gas is generated as fuel gas from the hydrocarbon gas in the reformer, and the hydrogen-containing gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 21. Examples of fuels containing hydrocarbon gas are city gas and LP gas.

[0024] The storage battery equipment 30 includes, for example, a storage battery module 31, a bidirectional DCDC converter 32, a DCAC inverter 33, and a control device 50b. The storage battery equipment 30 includes, for example, a plurality of storage battery modules 31 and a plurality of bidirectional DCDC converters 32. For example, one bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is associated with and connected to one storage battery module 31. A specific terminal of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is connected to a specific terminal of the DCAC inverter 33. The storage battery module 31 includes a plurality of storage batteries. The storage batteries are not limited to a specific type of storage battery. Examples of the storage batteries are a lithium ion battery, a redox flow battery, and a sodium sulfur battery.

[0025] When charging the battery equipment 30, AC power supplied from an electric circuit 70 outside the battery equipment 30 is converted into DC power by the DCAC inverter 33. The DC power obtained by the DCAC inverter 33 is converted into DC power of a voltage suitable for charging the battery module 31 by the bidirectional DCDC converter 32. The DC power output from the DCDC converter 32 is supplied to the battery module 31 to charge the battery module 31. In this case, the potential V1 at a specific terminal of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is adjusted to be lower than the potential V2 at a specific terminal of the DCAC inverter 33.

[0026] When discharging the battery equipment 30, the potential V1 at a specific terminal of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is adjusted to be higher than the potential V2 at a specific terminal of the DCAC inverter 33. As a result, the power stored in the battery module 31 is discharged as DC power. This DC power is converted into DC power of a desired voltage in the bidirectional DCDC converter 32. The DC power output from the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 is converted into AC power in the DCAC inverter 33, which is suitable for supplying power outside the battery equipment 30. The AC power output from the DCAC inverter 33 is supplied to an electric circuit 70 outside the battery equipment 30.

[0027] The control device 50b is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly so as to be able to communicate with it. For example, the control device 50b performs control necessary for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 according to a control signal received from the control device 50a. For example, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DCDC converter 32 and the DCAC inverter 33. In addition, the control device 50a transmits data indicating the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 to the control device 50a. The control device 50b is, for example, a computer including a storage device in which a program necessary for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 is stored, and a processor that reads out and executes the program from the storage device.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 1a further includes, for example, a current sensor 3a, a current sensor 3b, and a distribution board 4. The current sensor 3a is disposed between the commercial power source 2 and the distribution board 4 in the electric circuit 70. The current sensor 3a is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly. The control device 50a, for example, acquires data indicating the current at the current sensor 3a from the current sensor 3a. The current sensor 3b is disposed between the distribution board 4 and the power load 5 in the electric circuit 70. The current sensor 3b is connected to the control device 50a by wire or wirelessly. The control device 50a acquires, for example, a detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b.

[0029] 1, the control device 50a is connected to, for example, a network 60. The network 60 is a network including, for example, an electric communication line such as the Internet. The network 60 may include a public line or a dedicated line. For example, in addition to the control device 50a, an energy management system (EMS) server 52, a power outage information providing server 54, and a disaster information providing server 56 are connected to each other via the network 60 so as to be able to communicate with each other.

[0030] The EMS server 52 transmits instructions regarding the operation mode of the power supply system 1a to the control device 50a. The control device 50a receives the instructions regarding the operation mode from the EMS server 52 via the network 60. In this case, the control device 50a determines the control contents of the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, and the reception of power from the commercial power source 2, according to the instructed operation mode. Based on the control contents, the control device 50a transmits control signals required for the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, and the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 to the control devices 50c, 50d, and 50b, respectively.

[0031] The power outage information providing server 54 provides, for example, power outage information to the EMS server 52 via the network 60. The power outage information providing server 54 may be operated, for example, by a power company. The disaster information providing server 56 provides, for example, disaster information to the EMS server 52 via the network 60. The disaster information providing server 56 may be operated, for example, by a weather company.

[0032] [1-2. Operation] An example of the operation of the power supply system 1a will be described. Fig. 2 shows the procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in normal mode. As shown in Fig. 2, when the control device 50a receives an instruction to operate in normal mode from the EMS server 52, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a acquires data indicating the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10. PV The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the normal mode. The control device 50a determines the control content in the normal mode based on the acquired data. The amount of stored power may be expressed as a physical quantity having a dimension such as ampere-hours or watt-hours, or may be expressed as a quantitative indication of the state of stored power relative to a fully charged state and a fully discharged state such as State of Charge (SoC).

[0033] Fig. 3 shows an example of the control contents in the normal mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 3, in the normal mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a conducting state. The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the detection result of the load current. When the power consumption PL is multiplied by the power generation power P in the solar power generation facility 10, PV If the power consumption PL is smaller than the power generation P, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. In addition, the control device 50a charges the battery equipment 30 when possible, and puts the battery equipment 30 on hold when the current amount of stored electricity has reached the maximum value. PV and the power consumption PL is greater than the power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAXIf the power consumption PL is less than the sum of the generated power P and the power consumption PL, the control device 50a discharges the battery equipment 30. This discharge is adjusted to absorb short-period fluctuations in the power consumption PL. PV The fuel cell equipment 20 is made to generate power to make up for the shortage of the power consumption PL. PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If the power generation capacity is greater than the sum of the power generation capacity and the power consumption, the control device 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to the maximum power generation capacity P FCMAX In addition, the control device 50a controls the power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX In these cases, the power supply system 1a can supply the necessary power to the power load 5 without power supply from the commercial power source 2. PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX and the amount of stored power is zero, the control device 50a permits reception of power from the commercial power source 2, and power from the commercial power source 2 is supplied to the power load 5 in proportion to the power shortage.

[0034] The power supply system 1a can reduce the amount of power supplied from the commercial power source 2 even when the commercial power source 2 is energized, which is advantageous from the standpoint of reducing the environmental load, for example.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 2, in the normal mode, the control device 50a transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content determined as described above. For example, when the battery storage equipment 30 is charged or discharged, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c controls the energization of the DC-DC converter 12 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50d adjusts the operating state of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. As a result, for example, the output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is adjusted so that the desired power generation is obtained in the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0036] The control device 50a monitors the load current, the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30, and the generated power P PV The results of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the generated power P FC The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the above. Based on these data, the control device 50a again determines the control content according to the relationship shown in FIG. 3, and transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content. The control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d each control the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. After this, the control device 50 repeats the acquisition of data and the determination of the control content, and the control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control content. In the control device 50a, the determination of the control content for the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20 is repeated, for example, at intervals of 30 minutes.

[0037] FIG. 4 shows the procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in power outage response mode. First, the EMS server 52 receives power outage information from the power outage information server 54. The power outage information may include information related to the area where a power outage is currently occurring (power outage area) and the scheduled time of power restoration. If the EMS server 52 determines based on this power outage information that the location of the power supply system 1a is included in the power outage area, an instruction to transition to the power outage response mode is transmitted. Upon receiving this instruction to transition to the power outage response mode, the control device 50a acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a transmits data indicating the current amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the solar power generation equipment 10. PV The control device 50a determines the control content in the power failure response mode based on the acquired data.

[0038] Fig. 5 shows an example of the control contents of the power failure response mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 5, in the power failure response mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a power failure state. When the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 is less than a reference value, the control device 50a controls the generated power P PV The fuel cell equipment 20 is caused to generate power regardless of the above. The reference value is not limited to a specific value. The reference value is, for example, a value that corresponds to 40% or more and 60% or less of the power storage capacity of the storage battery equipment 30.

[0039] The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the detection result of the load current. As shown in FIG. 5, when the following conditions (ia) and (ib) are satisfied, the control device 50a calculates the power generation power P PV and the power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FC The power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 10 is set so that the sum of the power generation P and the power consumption P exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5. FC Adjust. (ia) The current amount of stored electricity in the battery storage equipment 30 is less than a reference value. (ib) The power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 and the power generated by the fuel cell facility 20 can cover the power supply to the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a.

[0040] For example, the generated power P PV , power consumption PL, and maximum power generation P in the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX PL <P PV +P FCMAX If the above condition is satisfied, the control device 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate the maximum power P FCMAX Generate electricity.

[0041] The control device 50a is, for example, <P PV +P FCMAX If the above condition is satisfied, the storage battery equipment 30 is charged. PV and generated power P FC When the fuel cell equipment 20 generates power such that the sum of the above exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 according to the generated power that exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5 in the sum. In other words, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 with the surplus power. This makes it possible to increase the amount of power stored in the storage battery equipment 30 when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state and the amount of stored power is less than the reference value.

[0042] On the other hand, the amount of stored electricity in the battery storage equipment 30 is less than the reference value, and PL>P PV +P FCMAX If the above condition is satisfied, the control device 50a calculates P PV +P FCMAX In this case, the controller 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to discharge the maximum power generation capacity P FCMAX Generate electricity.

[0043] When the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 is equal to or greater than the reference value, for example, the control device 50a controls the operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, and the operation of the storage battery equipment 30 in the same manner as in the normal mode. For example, when the amount of stored power is equal to or greater than the reference value and the generated power P PV is less than the power consumption PL of the power load 5. In this case, the control device 50a further causes the storage battery equipment 30 to discharge. This discharge is adjusted to absorb short-cycle fluctuations in the power consumption of the power load 5. On the other hand, the control device 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power when the amount of stored power is equal to or greater than the reference value and the power generation power P PV exceeds the power consumption PL of the power load 5, the battery storage equipment 30 is caused to charge if possible. However, if the current amount of stored power has reached the maximum value, charging in the battery storage equipment 30 is put on hold.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 4, the control device 50a transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content determined as described above. For example, when the battery storage equipment 30 is charged or discharged, the control device 50b controls the operation of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 32 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50c controls the energization of the DC-DC converter 12 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. The control device 50d adjusts the operating state of the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. As a result, for example, the output from the fuel cell system 20a, 20b, or 20c is adjusted so that the desired power generation is obtained in the fuel cell equipment 20.

[0045] As described above, in the power outage response mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state. On the other hand, in order to start up the fuel cell equipment 20, it is necessary to operate the auxiliary devices. Therefore, in order to start up the fuel cell equipment 20, power needs to be supplied to the fuel cell equipment 20 from outside the fuel cell equipment 20. When the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the control device 50a starts up the fuel cell equipment 20 by supplying power from, for example, the storage battery equipment 30.

[0046] The control device 50a monitors the load current, the current amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30, and the generated power P PV The results of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the generated power P FC The control device 50a acquires data showing the results of the above. Based on these data, the control device 50a again determines the control content according to the relationship shown in FIG. 5, and transmits control signals to the control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d according to the control content. The control devices 50b, 50c, and 50d each control the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control signal received from the control device 50a. After this, the control device 50a repeats the acquisition of various data and the determination of the control content, and the control for the operation of the storage battery equipment 30, the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10, and the fuel cell equipment 20 according to the control content. The control device 50a repeats the determination of the control content for the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20, for example, at intervals of 30 minutes.

[0047] FIG. 6 shows a procedure for operating the power supply system according to the first embodiment in the power outage preparation mode. As shown in FIG. 6, for example, the EMS server 52 receives disaster information from the disaster information providing server 56. The disaster information is not limited to a specific type of disaster information. Examples of the disaster information are information about heavy rain, lightning strikes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and the like. The disaster information is information for identifying an area where a warning or advisory about heavy rain, lightning strikes, earthquakes, and tsunamis has been issued. When the EMS server 52 determines based on the disaster information that there is a high possibility of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 in the location of the power supply system 1a, it transmits an instruction to switch to the power outage preparation mode to the control device 50a. When the control device 50a receives the instruction to switch to the power outage preparation mode, it acquires the detection result of the load current from the current sensor 3b. In addition, the control device 50a acquires data indicating the current amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 and the generated power P in the photovoltaic power generation equipment 10. PV The control device 50a determines the control content in the power outage preparation mode based on the acquired data.

[0048] Fig. 7 shows an example of the control contents of the power outage preparation mode of the power supply system according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 7, in the power outage preparation mode, the commercial power source 2 is in a conducting state. When a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted, in other words, when an instruction to transition to the power outage preparation mode is received, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 becomes equal to or greater than a target value. This allows the power supply system 1a to prepare for a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0049] The target value of the amount of stored power in the power outage preparation mode of the battery equipment 30 is not limited to a specific value. The target value may be, for example, 80% or more or 90% or more of the storage capacity of the battery equipment 30.

[0050] The control device 50a calculates the power consumption PL of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a based on the load current detection result obtained from the current sensor 3b. PVIf the power consumption PL is smaller than the target value, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. In this case, the power supply to the power load 5 is met without power supply from the commercial power source 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 reaches the target value. In this case, the control device 50a calculates the ratio of the generated power P PV The excess power is used to charge the battery equipment 30.

[0051] Power consumption PL is power generation P PV and the power consumption PL is greater than the power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If the power output is less than the sum of the maximum power generation power P FCMAX In this case, the power supply to the power load 5 is covered without the power supply from the commercial power source 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 becomes equal to or greater than a target value. The control device 50a calculates the ratio of the generated power P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX The battery storage equipment 30 is charged using the excess power of the sum of the above.

[0052] Power consumption PL is power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX Even if the power generation capacity of the fuel cell equipment 20 is greater than the sum of the power generation capacity of the fuel cell equipment 20 and the power generation capacity of the fuel cell equipment 20, the control device 50a controls the fuel cell equipment 20 to the maximum power generation capacity P FCMAX In this case, the control device 50a allows the reception of power from the commercial power source 2, and the power supply to the power load 5 is also provided using the power from the commercial power source 2. In addition, the control device 50a charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 reaches a target value. The control device 50a calculates the ratio of the generated power P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX The power receiving unit 2 permits the power exceeding the shortage of the sum of the above from the commercial power source 2, and causes the storage battery equipment 30 to be charged using the power.

[0053] In the power outage preparation mode, when the amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 reaches or exceeds a target value, charging / discharging in the battery equipment 30 is put on hold while the amount of stored power is maintained at or above the target value.

[0054] [1-3. Effects, etc.] As described above, in this embodiment, the power supply system 1a includes the solar power generation equipment 10, the fuel cell equipment 20, the storage battery equipment 30, and the control device 50a. The control device 50a controls the operation of the solar power generation equipment 10, the fuel cell equipment 20, and the storage battery equipment 30. The power supply system 1a is interconnected with a commercial power source 2. When the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 is less than a reference value, the control device 50a causes the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation equipment 10.

[0055] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage, the power obtained by the power generation in the fuel cell equipment 20 is likely to be used by the power load 5 or the storage battery equipment 30, increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0056] As in this embodiment, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the above-mentioned stored power amount is less than the reference value, and the power supply to the power load connected to the power supply system 1a is sufficient with the power generation of the solar power generation equipment 10 and the power generation of the fuel cell equipment 20, the control device 50a may adjust the power generation of the fuel cell equipment 20 so that the sum of the power generation of the solar power generation equipment 10 and the power generation of the fuel cell equipment 20 exceeds the power consumption of the power load.

[0057] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the surplus power generated by the fuel cell equipment 20 in relation to the power supply to the power load can be used by the storage battery equipment 30, thereby increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0058] As in this embodiment, when the fuel cell equipment 20 is generating power such that the above sum exceeds the power load, the control device 50a may cause the storage battery equipment 30 to be charged with the surplus power.

[0059] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage, surplus power generated by power generation in the fuel cell equipment 20 is used in the storage battery equipment 30 to increase the amount of stored power, thereby increasing the possibility of supplying power when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0060] As in this embodiment, the control device 50a may cause the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the above-mentioned stored power amount is equal to or greater than a reference value, and the power generated by the solar power generation equipment 10 is less than the power consumption of the power load connected to the power supply system 1a.

[0061] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage, the power obtained by the power generation in the fuel cell equipment 20 is likely to be used by the power load 5 or the storage battery equipment 30, increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0062] As in this embodiment, the control device 50a may discharge the storage battery equipment 30 when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the above-mentioned stored power amount is equal to or greater than a reference value, and the power generated by the solar power generation equipment 10 is less than the power consumption of the power load connected to the power supply system 1a.

[0063] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage and the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 is insufficient for the power consumption of the power load 5, the electricity stored in the battery facility 30 can be used to supply power to the power load 5, increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0064] As in this embodiment, the control device 50a may charge the storage battery equipment 30 when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state, the above-mentioned stored power amount is equal to or greater than a reference value, and the power generated by the solar power generation equipment 10 exceeds the power consumption of the power load 5 connected to the power supply system 1a.

[0065] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage, the excess power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 relative to the power consumption of the power load 5 can be used to increase the amount of power stored in the battery facility 30, thereby increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0066] As in this embodiment, the control device 50a may start up the fuel cell equipment 20 using power supplied from the storage battery equipment 30 when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state.

[0067] This allows the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power as needed when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage, increasing the possibility of power supply. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0068] As in the present embodiment, when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted, the control device 50a may charge the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored electricity in the storage battery equipment 30 becomes equal to or greater than a target value.

[0069] This makes it easier to ensure a desired amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 in preparation for a power outage of the commercial power source 2, and increases the possibility of supplying power when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state. Therefore, the power supply system 1a is more advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0070] As described above, this embodiment provides a method for operating a power supply system 1a. The power supply system 1a includes a solar power generation facility 10, a fuel cell facility 20, and a storage battery facility 30, and is interconnected with a commercial power source 2. This operating method includes causing the fuel cell facility 20 to generate power regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation facility 10 when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage state and the amount of power stored in the storage battery facility 30 is less than a reference value.

[0071] As a result, when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage, the power obtained by power generation in the fuel cell equipment 20 is likely to be used by the power load 5 or the storage battery equipment 30, increasing the possibility of power supply when the commercial power source 2 is in a power outage. Therefore, the operating method of the power supply system 1a is advantageous in terms of dealing with a power outage of the commercial power source 2.

[0072] (Other embodiments) As described above, the first embodiment has been described as an example of the technology disclosed in the present application. However, the technology in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and can be applied to embodiments in which modifications, substitutions, additions, omissions, etc. are made.

[0073] In the first embodiment, the control device 50a determines the control content in the power failure response mode when it receives an instruction to switch to the power failure response mode from the EMS server 52 via the network 60. The control device 50a only needs to determine the control content in the power failure response mode when the commercial power source 2 is in a power failure state. Therefore, the switch to the power failure response mode is not limited to being based on an instruction from the EMS server 52. However, when the switch to the power failure response mode is made based on an instruction from the EMS server 52, the control device 50a can determine the control content in the power failure response mode according to the details of the power failure information held by the EMS server 52. For example, the details of the power failure information may include the scheduled time of recovery from a power failure of the commercial power source 2. In this case, the control device 50a can determine the control content in the power failure response mode taking into account the scheduled time of recovery from a power failure of the commercial power source 2. For example, the above-mentioned reference value of the amount of stored power may be adjusted according to the scheduled recovery time. In addition, the details of the power failure information may include the area where the power failure occurs, so the control content in the power failure response mode can be determined taking into account the size of the area of ​​the power failure. The control device 50a may also determine the presence or absence of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 based on the voltage and frequency at the connection portion between the power supply system 1a and the commercial power source 2, and determine the control content in the power outage response mode. In this case, for example, even if some kind of failure occurs in communication between the control device 50a and the EMS server 52 and the control device 50a cannot receive an instruction to switch to the power outage response mode from the EMS server 52, the control device 50a can switch to the power outage response mode.

[0074] In the first embodiment, the EMS server 52 predicts a power outage of the commercial power source 2 based on disaster information provided by the disaster information providing server 56. The control device 50a only needs to determine the control content in the power outage preparation mode when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted. Therefore, the prediction of a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is not limited to being based on disaster information provided by the disaster information providing server 56. However, when a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted based on disaster information provided by the disaster information providing server 56, the power supply system 1a can be operated in preparation for a power outage of the commercial power source 2 caused by a disaster. In addition, the EMS server 52 may predict a power outage of the commercial power source 2 based on planned power outage information provided by the power outage information providing server 56. In this case, the power supply system 1a can be operated in preparation for a planned power outage.

[0075] In the first embodiment, in the power outage preparation mode, the power consumption PL is equal to or smaller than the power generation P PV It has been described above that, when the power consumption PL is smaller than the power generation P of the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 in the power outage preparation mode, the control device 50a stops the operation of the fuel cell equipment 20. When a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted, the control device 50a simply charges the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 becomes equal to or greater than the target value. PV If the power consumption PL is smaller than the power generation P of the solar power generation facility 10 in the power outage preparation mode, the control content of the control device 50a is not limited to stopping the operation of the fuel cell facility 20. PV If the power consumption PL is smaller than the power generation P of the photovoltaic power generation system 10, the battery storage system 30 can be charged with the surplus power of the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 10 relative to the power consumption of the power load 5 when the operation of the fuel cell system 20 is stopped. This makes it easier to reduce the environmental load of the operation of the power supply system 1a. PV If it is smaller, the control device 50a may cause the fuel cell equipment 20 to generate power. In this case, the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 is likely to reach the target value in a short period of time.

[0076] In the first embodiment, in the power failure preparation mode, the power consumption PL is equal to or smaller than the power generation P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX It has been explained that when the power consumption PL is less than the sum of the generated power P and the power consumption P, the power is not supplied from the commercial power source 2. When a power outage of the commercial power source 2 is predicted, the control device 50a may charge the storage battery equipment 30 so that the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment 30 reaches the target value. Therefore, in the power outage preparation mode, when the power consumption PL is less than the sum of the generated power P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If the power consumption PL is less than the sum of the power generation power P PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX If power is not supplied from the commercial power source 2 when the power consumption PL is less than the sum of the power consumption PL and the power generation P in the power supply system 1a, the environmental impact of the operation of the power supply system 1a is likely to be smaller. This is because the power supply to the power load 5 can be covered mainly by the power generated in the photovoltaic power generation facility 10 and the power generated in the fuel cell facility 20. PV and the maximum power generation P of the fuel cell equipment 20 FCMAX and the sum of the power supply amount and the target power supply amount, power may be supplied from the commercial power source 2. In this case, the amount of stored power in the battery equipment 30 is likely to reach the target value in a short period of time. [Industrial Applicability]

[0077] The technology according to the present disclosure is applicable to a system that supplies electric power by linking a solar power generation facility 10, a fuel cell facility 20, a storage battery facility 30, and a commercial power source 2. The technology according to the present disclosure is applicable to efforts to protect the environment, such as RE100 (Renewable Energy 100%). [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 1a Power supply system 2 Commercial power supply 5 Power load 10. Solar power generation facilities 20 Fuel cell equipment 30 Battery storage equipment 50a Control device

Claims

1. 1. A power supply system comprising: Solar power generation equipment, A fuel cell facility; A battery storage facility; a control device that controls an operation of the solar power generation facility, an operation of the fuel cell facility, and an operation of the storage battery facility; The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, the control device, when the commercial power supply is in a power outage state and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a reference value, causes the fuel cell equipment to generate power regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation equipment. Power supply system.

2. when the commercial power source is in the power outage state, the stored power amount is less than the reference value, and the power supply to the power load connected to the power supply system can be covered by the power generation of the solar power generation equipment and the power generation of the fuel cell equipment, the control device adjusts the power generation of the fuel cell equipment so that the sum of the power generation of the solar power generation equipment and the power generation of the fuel cell equipment exceeds the power consumption of the power load. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

3. the control device, when the fuel cell equipment is generating power such that the sum exceeds the power consumption of the power load, causes the storage battery equipment to be charged with the surplus power. The power supply system according to claim 2 .

4. the control device causes the fuel cell equipment to generate power when the commercial power source is in the power outage state, the stored power amount is equal to or greater than the reference value, and the power generated by the solar power generation equipment is less than the power consumption of a power load connected to the power supply system. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

5. the control device discharges the storage battery equipment when the commercial power source is in the power outage state, the stored power amount is equal to or greater than the reference value, and the power generated by the solar power generation equipment is less than the power consumption of a power load connected to the power supply system. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

6. The control device charges the storage battery equipment when the commercial power source is in the power outage state, the stored power amount is equal to or greater than the reference value, and the power generated by the solar power generation equipment exceeds the power consumption of a power load connected to the power supply system. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

7. the control device starts up the fuel cell equipment by power supply from the storage battery equipment when the commercial power source is in the power outage state; The power supply system according to claim 1 .

8. The control device charges the storage battery equipment so that an amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment becomes equal to or greater than a target value when a power outage of the commercial power supply is predicted. The power supply system according to claim 1 .

9. A method for operating an electric power supply system, comprising: The power supply system includes a solar power generation facility, a fuel cell facility, and a storage battery facility, The power supply system is connected to a commercial power source, When the commercial power source is in a power outage state and the amount of stored power in the storage battery equipment is less than a reference value, the fuel cell equipment is caused to generate power regardless of the power generated by the solar power generation equipment. How to drive.

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