Sleeper for railroad and manufacturing method therefor

Abstract

To provide a sleeper for a railroad preventing the formation of a dent in an area where a tie plate is placed.SOLUTION: A sleeper for a railroad is the sleeper for the railroad on which rails are installed on an upper surface of the sleeper through a tie plate, being provided with: a sleeper body; a non-metal rod like member positioned in a tie plate placed area of the sleeper body and extending in the thickness direction of the sleeper body; and a plate-like member positioned on the lower surface of the sleeper body, wherein the lower end of the rod like member abuts on the plate-like member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a railway sleeper and a method for manufacturing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Normally, there is a steel tie plate between the rail and the sleeper. The sleeper is repeatedly subjected to the load and vibration of the train through the tie plate, which can cause a dent in the top surface of the sleeper where the tie plate is in contact. When a minute dent occurs on the top surface of a sleeper, a gap occurs in the relative positions of the rail, tie plate, and sleeper. As a result, the sleeper receives a shock load every time a train passes, causing the dent on the top surface of the sleeper to become even larger.

[0003] Patent Document 1 relates to a method for repairing a recess 112a generated on the top surface of an existing sleeper 111, as shown in Fig. 5. The method proposes providing bottomed holes 113a at multiple locations on the bottom surface of the recess 112a, inserting and fixing rod-shaped support members 113 into the holes 113a, and arranging a filled hardened layer 109 in the recess 112a. In the example of Fig. 5, a wear plate 105 and a tie plate 101 are layered on the filled hardened layer 109, and spikes 107 penetrating these are driven into the sleeper body 112 to fix the rail base portion 102a, the tie plate 101, and the wear plate 105 to the sleeper 111. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-130975 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] A sleeper repaired using the method described in Patent Document 1 does not necessarily have sufficient strength, and a dent may occur again on the top surface of the sleeper where the tie plate is in contact. The present invention provides a railway sleeper and a method for manufacturing the same that are less likely to develop depressions in the area where the tie plate rests. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The inventors found that when repeated impact loads cause the bottom of the bottomed hole to which the rod-shaped support member is fixed to buckle and the support member to shift downward, a dent occurs on the upper surface of the sleeper. They then discovered that by embedding a rod-shaped support member in the area below the tie plate before installing the sleeper and abutting the lower end of the rod-shaped support member against a plate-shaped member, dents on the upper surface of the sleeper can be suppressed, leading to the present invention.

[0007] The present invention has the following aspects. [1] A railway sleeper for installing a rail on the upper surface of the sleeper via a tie plate, comprising: a sleeper body; a non-metallic rod-shaped member located in the tie plate mounting area of ​​the sleeper body and extending in the thickness direction of the sleeper body; and a plate-shaped member located on the underside of the sleeper body, the lower end of which abuts against the plate-shaped member. [2] A railway sleeper as described in [1], wherein the compressive elastic modulus of the rod-shaped member in the thickness direction of the sleeper body is 2000 MPa or more, and the compressive elastic modulus of the plate-shaped member in the thickness direction of the sleeper body is 2000 MPa or more. [3] A railway sleeper as described in [1] or [2], wherein L / W, which represents the ratio of the width L of the rod-shaped member in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body to the width W of the rod-shaped member in the width direction of the sleeper body, is 1 or greater and 8 or less. [4] The railway sleeper according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the rod-shaped member is made of a fiber-reinforced resin containing crushed reinforcing fibers and resin. [5] The railway sleeper according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the plate-like member is made of a fiber-reinforced resin containing crushed reinforcing fibers and resin. [6] A railway sleeper described in any one of [1] to [5], wherein a support hole penetrating in the thickness direction of the sleeper body is present in the tie plate mounting area of ​​the sleeper body, and the rod-shaped member is fixed within the support hole with an adhesive. [7] A method for manufacturing a railway sleeper as described in any one of [1] to [5], comprising the steps of embedding the rod-shaped member in the sleeper body and fixing the plate-shaped member to the underside of the sleeper body. [8] A method for manufacturing a railway sleeper as described in [6] above, comprising the steps of forming the support hole in the sleeper body, fixing the rod-shaped member in the support hole with adhesive, and fixing the plate-shaped member to the underside of the sleeper body. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the present invention, a railway sleeper is obtained which is less susceptible to depressions in the area on which the tie plate rests. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B show a railway sleeper according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in (a). [Diagram 2] 1A and 1B show a railway sleeper according to another embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in (a). [Diagram 3] 1A and 1B show a railway sleeper according to another embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in (a). [Figure 4] 1A and 1B show a railway sleeper according to another embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in (a). [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, a railway sleeper and a manufacturing method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the dimensional ratios of each component have been appropriately adjusted in order to make the configuration easier to understand.

[0011] <First embodiment> FIG. 1 shows a railway sleeper (hereinafter simply referred to as a "sleeper") of the first embodiment, where FIG. 1(a) is a plan view and FIG. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1(a). In this specification, the longitudinal direction of the sleeper 11 is defined as the X direction, the width direction as the Y direction, and the thickness direction as the Z direction. The diagram below shows the configuration of the tie plate 1 of one of the pair of rails that make up a railway track and the surrounding sleepers.

[0012] 1(a), a tie plate 1 having a rectangular shape in plan view is placed on the upper surface of a sleeper 11, and a rail (not shown) is placed on the tie plate 1. The rail and sleeper 11 are fixed to each other by known fixing means (not shown) such as dog spikes or screws. In the X direction, the tie plate 1 is slightly larger than the width of the rail base of the rail, and in the Y direction, the tie plate 1 is slightly smaller than the width of the sleeper 11. The sleeper 11 of this embodiment comprises a sleeper body 12, a rod-shaped member 13, and a plate-shaped member 14.

[0013] [Sleeper body] The sleeper body 12 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the direction (X direction) perpendicular to the length direction (Y direction) of the rail and thick in the Z direction, and has a recess 14a provided therein. The recess 14a opens to the underside of the sleeper body 12 and accommodates the plate-like member 14. The plate-like member 14 is fixed in the recess 14a. In the Z direction, the thickness of the plate-like member 14 and the depth of the recess 14a are the same, and the underside of the sleeper body 12 and the underside of the plate-like member 14 are flush with each other. The planar shape of the plate-like member 14 and the planar shape of the recess 14a are the same.

[0014] On the upper surface of the sleeper body 12, an area where the tie plate 1 is to be placed is a tie plate placing area 10. As shown in Fig. 1(a), rod-shaped members 13 are embedded in four locations surrounding the center position of the tie plate placing area 10. It is preferable to form a support hole 13a penetrating the sleeper body 12 in the thickness direction at the embedding position of the rod-shaped member 13 in advance, and insert and fix the rod-shaped member 13 into the support hole 13a. In a cross section perpendicular to the Z direction, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the support hole 13a is the same as that of the rod-shaped member 13. In this embodiment, the inner surface of the support hole 13a and the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 13 are fixed with an adhesive.

[0015] The sleeper body 12 is preferably a synthetic sleeper formed of fiber-reinforced resin containing reinforcing fibers and resin. The synthetic sleeper can be formed, for example, using a urethane foam reinforced with long glass fibers. The synthetic sleeper may contain solid fillers such as silica sand, fly ash, and rubber chips. A part of the synthetic sleeper may contain different materials such as rubber and resin sheets. Specifically, the sleeper body 12 is preferably formed, for example, from Eslon Neo Lumber FFU (registered trademark, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., hereinafter also referred to as "FFU"). Eslon Neo Lumber FFU is made of a thermosetting resin foam that is made by impregnating long glass fibers aligned in a predetermined direction (for example, the X direction) with a thermosetting resin, molding it into a predetermined shape, and hardening it.

[0016] Note that a wooden sleeper, a plastic sleeper, or the like may be used as the sleeper body 12. The type of wood used for the wooden sleeper is not particularly important. Also, a part of the wooden sleeper may contain a different material such as rubber or a resin sheet. Plastic sleepers can be formed using a molded body made of thermoplastic resin. Plastic sleepers may contain solid fillers such as silica sand, fly ash, and rubber chips. Plastic sleepers may also contain heterogeneous materials such as rubber and resin sheets in part.

[0017] [Rod-shaped member] The rod-shaped member 13 is embedded in the sleeper body 12 so as to extend in the Z direction, i.e., so that the Z direction is the length direction. The upper end of the rod-shaped member 13 reaches the upper surface of the sleeper body 12 and contacts the lower surface of the tie plate 1. The upper end surface of the rod-shaped member 13 and the upper surface of the sleeper body 12 are flush with each other. The lower end of the rod-shaped member 13 reaches the lower surface of the sleeper body 12, i.e., the bottom surface of the recess 14a, and abuts against the plate-shaped member 14. The shape of the rod-shaped member 13 is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the support hole 13a and the rod-shaped member 13 perpendicular to the Z direction is a circle, but is not limited to this.

[0018] There are no particular limitations on the size of the cross section perpendicular to the Z direction of the rod-shaped member 13 and the number of rod-shaped members 13 present in the tie plate mounting area 10. If the cross section of the rod-shaped members 13 is too large or there are too many of them, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the sleeper body 12 in the cross section perpendicular to the Z direction decreases, so that the bending performance of the sleeper 11 is likely to decrease. In addition, interference with the screw nails and dog nails for fixing the tie plate 1 also occurs. Therefore, it is preferable to design in such a way that these inconveniences do not occur. For example, the number of the rod-shaped members 13 is preferably 2 to 8.

[0019] L / W, which represents the ratio between the width L of the rod-shaped member 13 in the X direction and the width W of the rod-shaped member 13 in the Y direction, is preferably 1 to 8. When L / W is 1 or more, it is easy to ensure the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the sleeper body 12 in a cross section perpendicular to the Z direction. When it is 8 or less, the bonding area between the inner surface of the support hole 13a and the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 13 does not become too large, making it easy to ensure the reliability of the bonding quality. The width L of the bar-shaped member 13 in the X direction is preferably, for example, 15 to 40 mm.

[0020] 1(a), the position of the rod-shaped member 13 when viewed from the Z direction is preferably symmetrical with respect to both a center line that passes through the center of the tie plate mounting area 10 and is parallel to the X direction and a center line that is parallel to the Y direction. If the position of the rod-shaped member 13 is offset in the X direction or the Y direction, the load-bearing capacity is likely to be offset.

[0021] The rod-shaped member 13 is made of a non-metallic material. It is preferable that the material is one that is not easily buckled by a load in the Z direction. For example, it is preferable that the rod-shaped member 13 is made of a material having a compressive elastic modulus of 2000 MPa or more in the Z direction. The compressive elastic modulus in this specification is a value measured by a method conforming to JIS K7181. For example, fiber-reinforced resin containing ground reinforcing fibers and resin is preferred because it is easy to obtain a compressive modulus of elasticity of 2000 MPa or more. Specific examples include compression molded products of fiber-reinforced urethane resin containing ground glass fibers and urethane resin, and epoxy resin molded products filled with glass powder. The resin contained in the rod-shaped member 13 may be a foamed resin containing foam cells, or a non-foamed resin. A non-foamed resin is preferable because it is less likely to deform due to repeated loads over a long period of time.

[0022] The fiber-reinforced urethane resin compression molded product can be produced, for example, by a method of compression molding a mixture of a powder obtained by pulverizing a cured fiber-reinforced resin containing glass fibers in a urethane resin into a powder form and mixing it with a binder. The mixture is placed in a batch mold, and the rod-shaped member 13 can be produced by a compression molding method in which the mixture is compression molded using a press. A base material larger than the rod-shaped member 13 may be produced by the compression molding method, and the obtained base material may be processed into the shape of the rod-shaped member 13. The powder has a needle-like or rod-like shape. For example, 50% by mass of powder having an average particle size of 50 μm and a bulk density of 0.5, 20% by mass of rod-like material having an average length of 30 mm, width of 5 mm, thickness of 2 mm and a bulk density of 0.15, and 30% by mass of a binder are mixed and compressed to form a compression molded product to form the rod-like member 13. The binder may be any material capable of binding the powder together and solidifying the entire powder. When the resin in the powder is a urethane resin, a polyisocyanate compound such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) can be used as the binder. The density of the compression molded product is 1.2 g / cm 3 More than 1.5 g / cm is preferable. 3 The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 4 g / cm 3 Less than 3g / cm is preferred. 3 The following is more preferred:

[0023] There is no particular limitation on the type of adhesive used to bond the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 13 to the inner surface of the support hole 13a, and examples of such adhesive include epoxy resin adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, and urethane resin adhesives. In this embodiment, the rod-shaped member 13 and the support hole 13a may be screwed together. For example, a male screw thread may be provided on the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 13, and a female screw thread may be provided on the inner surface of the support hole 13a, and the two may be screwed together and fixed without using adhesive. In this case, the screw thread needs to be designed to be high in order to increase the joining strength. From the viewpoint of ease of manufacture, it is preferable to design the screw thread to be low, screw the rod-shaped member 13 and the support hole 13a together, and further fix them with an adhesive for reinforcement.

[0024] [Plate-shaped member] 1(b), a plate-like member 14 is located on the underside of the sleeper body 12. The plate-like member 14 is layered so that the underside of the sleeper body 12 and the upper surface of the plate-like member 14 are in close contact with each other. In this embodiment, the planar shape of the plate-like member 14 is a rectangle having approximately the same size as the tie plate 1 . The support hole 13a of the rod-shaped member 13 opens into the recess 14a, and the lower end of the rod-shaped member 13 inside the support hole 13a abuts against the plate-shaped member 14.

[0025] The thickness of the plate-like member 14 is not particularly limited, but if it is too thin, the strength to withstand the compressive load from the rod-like member 13 will be insufficient. If it is too thick, the depth of the recess 14a will be large, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the sleeper body 12 in a cross section perpendicular to the Z direction will decrease. It is preferable to design the plate-like member 14 so that these inconveniences do not occur. For example, the thickness of the plate-like member 14 is preferably 5 to 50 mm.

[0026] In this embodiment, the inner surface of the recess 14a and the outer surface of the plate-like member 14 are bonded with an adhesive. The type of adhesive is not particularly limited. Examples of the adhesive include an epoxy resin adhesive, an acrylic resin adhesive, and a urethane resin adhesive. The method of fixing the plate-like member 14 to the sleeper body 12 is not limited to bonding with an adhesive. For example, fixing means such as screws may be used, or both screws and an adhesive may be used.

[0027] The material of the plate-like member 14 is preferably one that is not easily buckled by a load in the Z direction. For example, a material having a compressive elastic modulus of 2000 MPa or more in the Z direction of the plate-like member 14 is preferable. A non-metallic material or a metallic material such as iron, SUS, or aluminum may be used. As the non-metallic material, a fiber-reinforced resin containing crushed reinforcing fibers and resin is preferable because it is easy to obtain a compressive modulus of elasticity of 2000 MPa or more. Specific examples include a compression molded product of fiber-reinforced urethane resin containing crushed glass fibers and urethane resin, and an epoxy resin molded product filled with glass powder. The resin contained in the plate-like member 14 may be a foamed resin containing foam cells, or a non-foamed resin. A non-foamed resin is preferred because it is less likely to deform due to repeated loads over a long period of time. The method for manufacturing the plate-like member 14 made of the compression molded product of the fiber-reinforced urethane resin is similar to the method for manufacturing the rod-like member 13.

[0028] According to this embodiment, the load from the tie plate 1 is supported by the rod-shaped member 13, and the lower end of the rod-shaped member 13 is abutted against the plate-shaped member 14. This prevents the rod-shaped member 13 from shifting downward even if the rod-shaped member 13 is subjected to repeated impact loads, thereby providing a sleeper 11 that is less likely to develop dents in the area on which the tie plate 1 is placed. In addition, the load received from the tie plate 1 is transmitted to the plate-like member 14 via the rod-like member 13 and dispersed in the planar direction of the plate-like member 14, thereby reducing the load on the rod-like member 13.

[0029] When the compressive elastic modulus of the rod-shaped member 13 and the plate-shaped member 14 in the Z direction is both 2000 MPa or more, the compressive deformation of the sleeper body 12 due to the load received from the tie plate 1 can be suppressed, and as a result, dents on the upper surface of the sleeper 11 can be effectively prevented.

[0030] For example, when simulating static compressive deformation using the method described below, by setting the compressive elastic modulus of the rod-shaped member embedded in the sleeper body to 2000 MPa or more, the amount of compressive deformation of the sleeper body due to load can be reduced to 90% or less. Railway sleepers are subjected to repeated loads when trains pass over them. If they are not reinforced with rod-shaped members, the cells of the foamed resin that constitutes the sleeper body will be crushed by the repeated loads, resulting in permanent deformation. When permanent compression deformation occurs, differences in the relative positions of the rail, tie plate, and sleeper will occur, resulting in constant impact loads when trains pass, and the compression deformation will accelerate further, causing deformation on the top surface of the sleeper. Therefore, by suppressing the static compressive deformation even slightly, it is possible to suppress deformation of the upper surface of the sleeper due to such repeated loads. [Simulation method] (1) Compressive deformation of FFU (sleeper body) If the load on the tie plate is 50 kN, the tie plate area is 150 mm × 300 mm, the FFU lateral compressive elastic modulus is 300 MPa, and the FFU thickness is 150 mm, the amount of compressive deformation is usually (load on tie plate) / (tie plate area) / (FFU lateral compressive elastic modulus × thickness) = 0.56 mm. (2) Cross-sectional area of ​​rod-shaped member When four rod-shaped members with a diameter of 20 mm are used, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the rod members is 10 2 ×π×4(pcs)=1256(unit: mm 2 ) (3) Amount of compressive deformation when rod-shaped members are embedded in FFU The average lateral compressive elastic modulus of the FFU in which the rod-shaped members are embedded is 350 MPa, assuming that the compressive elastic modulus of the rod-shaped members is 2000 MPa. In this case, the amount of compressive deformation calculated in the same manner as in (1) above is 0.48 mm, which means that the amount of compressive deformation of the FFU can be reduced to 86% compared to when no rod-shaped member is used (0.56 mm).

[0031] In particular, if the rod-shaped member 13 is a molded product made of fiber-reinforced resin, its elastic modulus is not too high and it can bend when compressed, making it possible to absorb the impact load. This makes it possible to prevent the impact load from the tie plate 1 from being transmitted to the adhesive layer that secures the rod-shaped member 13, thereby preventing damage to the adhesive layer.

[0032] On the other hand, for example, if the rod-shaped member 13 is an iron rod-shaped body, the adhesive layer may be damaged by repeated impact loads from the tie plate due to its extremely high elastic modulus. Also, if the rod-shaped member 13 is an iron screw, the female thread of the sleeper body 12 that screws into the rod-shaped member 13 may be damaged due to the impact load. Furthermore, if the rod-shaped member 13 is made of a metal other than iron, contact between the metal rod-shaped member 13 and the iron tie plate 1 may cause corrosion of one of the metals due to the potential difference between the different metals.

[0033] [Manufacturing method] The sleeper 11 of this embodiment can be manufactured through a process of embedding a rod-shaped member 13 in the sleeper body 12 and a process of fixing a plate-shaped member 14 to the underside of the sleeper body 12. In this embodiment, the recess 14a is formed in the lower surface of the sleeper body 12 in advance.

[0034] The process of embedding the rod-shaped member 13 begins with providing a support hole 13 a in the sleeper body 12 . Specifically, the support hole 13a is formed at a position where the rod-shaped member 13 is to be embedded. In this embodiment, a drill is used to form the support hole 13a penetrating in the Z direction from the top surface of the sleeper body 12 to the bottom surface of the recess 14a.

[0035] Next, a rod-shaped member forming rod is prepared, which is made of the same material as the rod-shaped member 13 to be embedded, has the same cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the Z direction, and is longer than the thickness of the sleeper body 12 in the Z direction. An appropriate amount of adhesive is applied to the outer surface of the rod-shaped member forming rod, and an appropriate amount of adhesive is applied to the support hole 13a formed above, and the rod-shaped member forming rod is driven into the support hole 13a using a mallet. At this time, the rod-shaped member forming rod is driven so that it protrudes from both the top surface of the sleeper body 12 and the bottom surface of the recess 14a. After the adhesive has hardened, the protruding part of the rod-shaped member forming rod is cut off, and both end surfaces of the rod-shaped member forming rod are made flush with the top surface of the sleeper body 12 and the bottom surface of the recess 14a, respectively.

[0036] Alternatively, the length of the rod for forming a rod-like member may be previously set to be the same as the length from the top surface of the sleeper body 12 to the bottom surface of the recess 14a. In this case, the rod for forming a rod-like member is driven into the support hole 13a so that the top surface of the sleeper body 12 and one end surface of the rod for forming a rod-like member are flush with each other, and the bottom surface of the recess 14a and the other end surface of the rod for forming a rod-like member are flush with each other, and the adhesive is then cured. There is no need to cut the rod for forming a rod-like member after driving it in.

[0037] Next, the plate-shaped member 14 is fixed in the recess 14a. Specifically, an adhesive is applied to the inner surface of the recess 14a and the top and side surfaces of the plate-shaped member 14, and the plate-shaped member 14 is placed so that the top surface of the plate-shaped member 14 and the bottom surface of the recess 14a are in close contact with each other, and the adhesive is cured. In this manner, the sleeper 11 of this embodiment is obtained.

[0038] <Second embodiment> Fig. 2 shows a railway sleeper of the second embodiment, where Fig. 2(a) is a plan view and Fig. 2(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 2(a). The same components as those in Fig. 1 are given the same reference numerals and their explanations are omitted (hereinafter the same). The sleeper 21 of this embodiment comprises a sleeper body 22, a rod-shaped member 23, and a plate-shaped member 24. The sleeper 21 of this embodiment differs significantly from the sleeper 11 of the first embodiment in the shape and number of the rod-like members 23.

[0039] [Sleeper body] The sleeper body 22 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a recess 24a, similar to the first embodiment. The recess 24a opens to the underside of the sleeper body 22 and accommodates the plate-like member 24. The plate-like member 24 is fixed in the recess 24a. In the Z direction, the thickness of the plate-like member 14 and the depth of the recess 14a are the same, and the underside of the sleeper body 12 and the underside of the plate-like member 14 are flush with each other. The planar shape of the plate-like member 14 and the planar shape of the recess 14a are the same.

[0040] Rod-shaped members 23 are embedded in two locations in the tie plate placement area 10 of the sleeper body 22. At the position where the rod-shaped member 23 is to be embedded, a support hole 23a penetrating through the thickness direction of the sleeper body 22 is formed in advance, and the rod-shaped member 23 is inserted into the support hole 23a and fixed with an adhesive. The material of the sleeper body 22 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0041] [Rod-shaped member] The rod-shaped member 23 is embedded in the sleeper body 22 with its length direction oriented in the Z direction. The upper end surface of the rod-shaped member 23 is flush with the upper surface of the sleeper body 22. The lower end of the rod-shaped member 23 reaches the lower surface of the sleeper body 22, i.e., the bottom surface of the recess 24a, and abuts against the plate-shaped member 24. In this embodiment, the cross section of the rod-shaped member 23 perpendicular to the Z direction has a flat rectangular shape with the X direction as the major axis and the Y direction as the minor axis. In this embodiment, the L / W of the rod-shaped member 23 is more preferably 2 to 8. The width L is more preferably 15 to 40. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the positions of the two rod-shaped members 23 when viewed in a plane from the Z direction are symmetrical with respect to a center line that passes through the center of the tie plate mounting area 10 and is parallel to the X direction and a center line that is parallel to the Y direction. The material of the rod-shaped member 23 and the adhesive that bonds the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 23 to the inner surface of the support hole 23a are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0042] [Plate-shaped member] As in the first embodiment, a recess 24a for accommodating a plate-like member 24 is provided on the underside of the sleeper body 22, and the plate-like member 24 is fixed within the recess 24a. In this embodiment, the planar shape of the plate-like member 24 is a rectangle having approximately the same size as the tie plate 1 . The support hole 23a of the rod-shaped member 23 opens into the recess 24a, and the lower end of the rod-shaped member 23 inside the support hole 23a abuts against the plate-shaped member 24. The material and thickness of the plate-like member 24, and the adhesive that bonds the outer surface of the plate-like member 24 and the inner surface of the recess 24a are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0043] The sleeper 21 of this embodiment can be manufactured in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The support hole 23a in this embodiment can be formed, for example, by drilling a plurality of adjacent holes and then machining them into a continuous hole to form an elliptical shape, or by drilling using an end mill. According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, since the planar shape of the rod-shaped member 23 is a flat shape with the X-direction as the major axis direction, there is an advantage that there is no need to insert multiple rod-shaped members.

[0044] <Third embodiment> FIG. 3 shows a railway sleeper according to a third embodiment, where FIG. 3(a) is a plan view and FIG. 3(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3(a). The sleeper 31 of this embodiment comprises a sleeper body 32, a rod-shaped member 33, and a plate-shaped member . The sleeper 31 of this embodiment differs significantly from the sleeper 11 of the first embodiment in that the lower surface of the sleeper body 32 is not provided with a recess for accommodating the plate-like member 34. In this embodiment, the underside of the sleeper body 32 is flat, and the plate-like member 34 is laminated on the underside of the sleeper body 32. In other words, the plate-like member 34 protrudes from the underside of the sleeper body 32.

[0045] [Sleeper body] The sleeper body 32 is a rectangular parallelepiped that is long in the X direction and thick in the Z direction. Rod-shaped members 33 are embedded in two places in the tie plate placement area 10 of the sleeper body 32. At the position where the rod-shaped member 33 is to be embedded, a support hole 23a penetrating through the thickness direction of the sleeper body 22 is formed in advance, and the rod-shaped member 23 is inserted into the support hole 23a and fixed with adhesive. The material of the sleeper body 32 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0046] [Rod-shaped member] The rod-shaped member 33 is embedded in the sleeper body 32 with its length direction oriented in the Z direction. As shown in FIG. 3(a), the shape and position of the rod-shaped member 33 when viewed in a plan view from the Z direction are the same as those in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the lower end of the support hole 33a opens to the lower surface of the sleeper body 32. The length of the support hole 33a in the Z direction and the length of the rod-shaped member 33 are the same as the thickness of the sleeper body 32. The material of the rod-shaped member 33 and the adhesive that bonds the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 33 to the inner surface of the support hole 33a are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0047] [Plate-shaped member] In this embodiment, if the thickness of the plate-like member 34 is too thin, the strength to withstand the compressive load from the rod-like member 33 is insufficient. If the thickness is too thick, the thickness of the sleeper 31 in the Z direction becomes too large, making it difficult to install the sleeper 31. It is preferable to design so that these inconveniences do not occur. For example, the thickness of the plate-like member 34 in the Z direction is preferably 5 to 50 mm. In this embodiment, the lower surface of the sleeper body 32 and the upper surface of the plate-like member 34 are bonded with an adhesive. The type of adhesive is the same as in the first embodiment. The method of fixing the plate-like member 34 to the sleeper body 32 is not limited to adhesion by adhesive. For example, fixing means such as screws may be used, or both screws and adhesive may be used. The material of the plate-like member 34 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0048] The sleeper 31 of this embodiment can be manufactured in the same manner as in the first embodiment. However, no recess is formed in the lower surface of the sleeper body, and both end surfaces of the rod for forming the bar-shaped member are flush with the upper and lower surfaces of the sleeper body 32, respectively. According to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment. Furthermore, since no recess is provided on the lower surface of the sleeper body 32, the number of manufacturing steps is reduced.

[0049] <Fourth embodiment> FIG. 4 shows a railway sleeper according to the fourth embodiment, where FIG. 4(a) is a plan view and FIG. 4(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4(a). The sleeper 41 of this embodiment comprises a sleeper body 42, a rod-shaped member 43, and a plate-shaped member 44. A sleeper 41 of this embodiment differs greatly from the sleeper 11 of the first to third embodiments in the shape of the plate-like member 44. In the first to third embodiments, the lower ends of multiple rod-shaped members abut against one plate-shaped member, but in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4(b), multiple plate-shaped members 44 are provided for multiple rod-shaped members 43, and the lower end of one rod-shaped member 43 abuts against one plate-shaped member 44.

[0050] Similarly to the sleeper 31 of the third embodiment, the sleeper 41 of this embodiment does not have a recess for accommodating the plate-like member 44 on the underside of the sleeper body 42. The underside of the sleeper body 42 is flat, and the plate-like member 44 is laminated on the underside of the sleeper body 42. In other words, the plate-like member 44 protrudes from the underside of the sleeper body 32.

[0051] [Sleeper body] The sleeper body 42 is a rectangular parallelepiped that is long in the width direction (X direction) of the rail and thick in the Z direction. Rod-shaped members 43 are embedded in two locations in the tie plate placement area 10 of the sleeper body 42. At the position where the rod-shaped member 43 is to be embedded, a support hole 43a penetrating through the thickness direction of the sleeper body 42 is formed in advance, and the rod-shaped member 43 is inserted into the support hole 43a and fixed with adhesive. The material of the sleeper body 32 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0052] [Rod-shaped member] The rod-shaped member 43 is embedded in the sleeper body 42 with its length oriented in the Z direction. The shape of the rod-shaped member 43 is not particularly limited. For example, it may be cylindrical, rectangular, etc. In this embodiment, in a cross section perpendicular to the Z direction, the cross-sectional shape of the support hole 43a and the cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped member 43 are circular. 4(a), the positions of the two rod-shaped members 43 when viewed from the Z direction are symmetrical with respect to a center line that passes through the center of the tie plate mounting area 10 and is parallel to the X direction and a center line that is parallel to the Y direction. The two rod-shaped members 43 exist on the center line that is parallel to the X direction. In this embodiment, the lower end of the support hole 43a opens into the lower surface of the sleeper body 42. The material of the rod-shaped member 43 and the adhesive that bonds the outer surface of the rod-shaped member 43 to the inner surface of the support hole 43a are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0053] [Plate-shaped member] The planar shape of the plate-shaped member 44 when viewed from the Z direction may be any shape as long as an area in which one plate-shaped member 44 exists includes an area in which one rod-shaped member 43 exists. As shown in FIG. 4(a), the plate-shaped member 44 in this embodiment is rectangular, and the length of one side is greater than the outer diameter of the rod-shaped member 43. The thickness of the plate-like member 44 and the method of fixing the plate-like member 44 to the sleeper body 42 are the same as in the third embodiment. The material of the plate-like member 44 is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0054] The sleeper 41 of this embodiment can be manufactured in the same manner as in the third embodiment. According to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the third embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, since the lower end of one rod-shaped member 43 abuts against one plate-shaped member 44, there is an advantage that the load applied to the plate-shaped member 44 can be easily made uniform. On the other hand, the third embodiment has an advantage over this embodiment in that the compressive load received by the rod-shaped member is in contact with a wider plate-shaped member, and thus the compressive load can be dispersed more widely.

[0055] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and additions, omissions, substitutions, and other modifications of the configuration are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention. EXAMPLES

[0056] The present invention will be described in more detail below using examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. (Production example) The sleepers shown in Figure 1 were manufactured using the following materials. - Sleeper body: polyurethane foam reinforced with long glass fibers (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. product name "Eslon Neo Lumber FFU", density 0.74g / cm 3 ) A recess for accommodating a plate-shaped member is formed on the underside of a rectangular parallelepiped having a thickness of 150 mm in the Z direction, a width of 230 mm in the Y direction, and a length of 2400 mm in the X direction. Rod-shaped member: Compression molded product of fiber-reinforced urethane resin containing crushed glass fiber and urethane resin, density 1.2g / cm 3 , cylindrical shape with a diameter of 18 mm, length in the Z direction of 140 mm, and compressive elastic modulus in the Z direction of 3000 MPa. Plate-shaped member: Compression-molded product of fiber-reinforced urethane resin containing crushed glass fiber and urethane resin (density 1.2 g / cm 3 ), thickness in the Z direction is 10 mm, width in the Y direction is 200 mm, length in the X direction is 400 mm, and the compressive elastic modulus in the Z direction is 3000 MPa. Epoxy adhesive was used to secure the rod-shaped and plate-shaped members to the sleeper body. [Explanation of symbols]

[0057] 1 Tie Plate 10 Tie plate mounting area 11, 21, 31, 41 Sleepers (railroad ties) 12, 22, 32, 42 Sleeper body 13, 23, 33, 43 Rod-shaped members 13a, 23a, 33a, 43a support hole 14, 24, 34, 44 Plate-shaped members 14a, 24a Recess

Claims

1. A railway sleeper for installing a rail on an upper surface of the sleeper via a tie plate, The sleeper body, A non-metallic rod-shaped member located in a tie plate placement area of ​​the sleeper body and extending in a thickness direction of the sleeper body; A plate-shaped member is provided on the underside of the sleeper body, A railway sleeper, wherein the lower end of the rod-shaped member abuts against the plate-shaped member.

2. The compressive elastic modulus of the rod-shaped member in the thickness direction of the sleeper body is 2000 MPa or more, 2. The railway sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the compressive elastic modulus of the plate-like member in the thickness direction of the sleeper body is 2000 MPa or more.

3. 2. A railway sleeper as described in claim 1, wherein L / W, which represents the ratio of the width L of the rod-shaped member in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body to the width W of the rod-shaped member in the width direction of the sleeper body, is 1 or more and 8 or less.

4. 2. The railway sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the rod-shaped member is made of a fiber-reinforced resin material containing crushed reinforcing fibers and resin.

5. 2. The railway sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the plate-like member is made of a fiber-reinforced resin material containing crushed reinforcing fibers and resin.

6. A support hole is provided in the tie plate mounting area of ​​the sleeper body, the support hole penetrating the sleeper body in the thickness direction thereof, The railway sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rod-shaped member is fixed in the support hole with an adhesive.

7. A method for manufacturing a railway sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: A step of embedding the rod-shaped member in the sleeper body; A method for manufacturing a railway sleeper, comprising a step of fixing the plate-shaped member to an underside of the sleeper body.

8. 7. A method for manufacturing a railway sleeper according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: forming the support hole in the sleeper body; fixing the rod-shaped member in the support hole with an adhesive; and a step of fixing the plate-shaped member to the underside of the sleeper body.

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