Opening device

Abstract

To provide an opening device that can improve workability.SOLUTION: The opening device includes: a double glazing 2; glass holding members 6 and 7; and heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f. The glass holding members 6 and 7 have a glass opening 4 on the inner peripheral side, and the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f are made of metal and are provided facing the end surface of the double glazing 2 at the bottom of the glass opening 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an opening device to be installed in an opening of a building. [Background technology]

[0002] In opening devices such as fixed windows that are installed in the openings of buildings, double-glazed glass is often incorporated within the glass frontage, and there has been a demand for improvements in ease of installation. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an opening device that can improve workability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the opening device according to the invention described in claim 1 comprises double-glazed glass, a glass holding member, and a heat transfer member, the glass holding member having a glass opening on its inner circumference side, and the heat transfer member being made of metal and being arranged at the bottom of the glass opening opposite the end face of the double-glazed glass. Effect of the Invention

[0005] The opening device according to the invention described in claim 1 comprises double-glazed glass, a glass holding member, and a heat transfer member, the glass holding member having a glass frontage on the inner periphery side, the heat transfer member being made of metal, and being provided at the bottom of the glass frontage facing the end face of the double-glazed glass, which makes it easier to install the double-glazed glass and improves workability. Moreover, the presence of the heat transfer member reduces the temperature difference between the edge part of each glass of the double-glazed glass and the temperature of the apparent part, preventing thermal cracking of the glass. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an opening device of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the opening device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a front view of the opening device on the outdoor side. [Figure 4] A front view of a heat transfer member installed across the glass openings of the lower frame and vertical frame. [Diagram 5] 11 is a graph showing the results of a simulation performed to verify the effect of the presence of a heat transfer member. [Figure 6] 13 is a graph showing the set temperatures of the heated surface side (indoor side) and the non-heated surface side (outdoor side) in the same simulation. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a model used in a simulation. [Figure 8] This is a vertical cross-sectional view of an opening device that uses the same frame as the opening device and is non-fireproof. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a non-fire-rated opening device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0007] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 3 show one embodiment of the opening device of the present invention. This opening device is applied to a fireproof fixed window for a house, and includes a frame 1 to be attached to an opening in a building frame, and a double-glazed glass 2 housed within the frame 1.

[0008] 1 to 3, the frame 1 is composed of an upper frame (glass holding member) 5, a lower frame (glass holding member) 6, and left and right vertical frames (glass holding members) 7, 7. The upper frame 5, the lower frame 6, and the left and right vertical frames 7, 7 are each formed so that a glass opening 4 with a roughly U-shaped cross section that opens toward the inner periphery is continuous around the four periphery, and the peripheral portion of the insulating glass 2 is fitted into the glass opening 4 and fixed by beads 8a, 8b. The upper frame 5, lower frame 6 and left and right vertical frames 7, 7 are formed from extruded aluminum alloy profiles, and as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the part that forms the wall on the interior side of the glass opening 4 is made of plastic profiles 9 which can be easily attached and detached. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, within the glass opening 4 of the left and right vertical frames 7, 7, metal glass retainers 10 are provided at the center and top in the vertical direction to hold the double-glazed glass 2 from the inside of the room, so that the double-glazed glass 2 will not come off the frame 1 even if the plastic profile 9 melts in the event of a fire. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, heated foaming materials 11 are provided along the longitudinal direction within the glass opening 4 of the upper frame 5, lower frame 6, and left and right vertical frames 7, 7. In the event of a fire, these heated foaming materials 11 expand to seal the gap between the frame 1 and the double-glazed glass 2, preventing the passage of flames.

[0009] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the double glazing 2 is made up of three pieces of glass, an exterior glass 12a, an intermediate glass 12b, and an interior glass 12c, which are bonded together with a spacer 13 in between. The spacer 13 is made of resin. The exterior glass 12a and the interior glass 12c are made of float glass or Low-E glass, and the intermediate glass 12b is made of fireproof glass such as heat-resistant crystallized glass. In this way, the insulating glass 2 has high heat insulation properties because it is composed of the three glass sheets 12a, 12b, and 12c and the spacer 13 is made of resin. The insulating glass 2 may be composed of two pieces of glass, an exterior glass 12a and an interior glass 12c. In this case, either the exterior glass 12a or the interior glass 12c is made of fireproof glass such as heat-resistant crystallized glass, and the other is made of float glass or Low-E glass.

[0010] In the event of a fire, the middle glass 12b made of fire-resistant glass will not break, but since the exterior glass 12a and the interior glass 12c are float glass or Low-E glass, there is a risk of breakage (thermal cracking) if the temperature difference between the edge portion of the frame 1 that is swallowed up into the glass opening 4 and the visible portion exposed on the inner circumference of the frame 1 becomes large in the event of a fire. In this opening device, the spacer 13 of the double glazing 2 is made of resin, so the temperature of the edge portion swallowed up into the glass opening 4 is less likely to rise than in a case where a normal aluminum spacer is used. It is inevitable that the glass on the side where the fire is occurring (the interior glass 12c when a fire occurs inside the room, and the exterior glass 12a when a fire occurs outside the room) will break, but if the glass on the opposite side to the side where the fire is occurring also breaks, there is a risk that the combustible gas generated from the resin spacer 13 will flow to the opposite side to the side where the fire is occurring and ignite the combustible gas, causing the fire to communicate between the inside and outside of the room. Therefore, in order to guarantee fire resistance, it is necessary that the glass 12a or 12c on the opposite side to the side where the fire is occurring, as well as the middle glass 12b, do not break. To this end, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, this opening device is provided with metallic heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f inside the glass opening 4 of the lower frame 6, where the temperature is less likely to increase in the event of a fire, and inside the glass opening 4 in the lower half of the vertical frame 7.

[0011] As shown in Figures 1 and 3, heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e are provided inside glass opening 4 of bottom frame 6 over almost the entire length of bottom frame 6. Heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e are formed by bending metal plates such as steel into a U-shaped cross section with an open outer periphery as shown in Figure 1, and are disposed at the bottom of glass opening 4 and fixed with screws 14. Inner peripheral side surfaces 15 of heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e face end face 2a of insulating glass 2 with a gap therebetween, and heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e are close to end face 2a of insulating glass 2. The heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e are arranged opposite the end face 2a of the insulating glass 2 so that when the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e become hot in the event of a fire, the heat from the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e is transferred to the end face 2a of the insulating glass 2 by radiation. Heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and 3e arranged within the glass opening 4 of the bottom frame 6 are divided into five pieces in the longitudinal direction of the bottom frame 4, as shown in Fig. 3, and the second heat transfer members 3b and 3d from the left and second from the right are formed with inner peripheral side surfaces 15 slightly higher than the others, as shown in Fig. 1, and have cushioning material 16 provided on their inner peripheral side surfaces, serving as glass plates that support the weight of the insulating glass 2. In other words, heat transfer members 3b and 3d abut against the end faces of the insulating glass 2 via the cushioning material 16.

[0012] 2, the heat transfer member 3f provided within the glass opening 4 of the vertical frame 7, like that of the bottom frame 6, is formed in a U-shaped cross section with an opening on the outer periphery side, is placed at the bottom of the glass opening 4, and its inner peripheral side surface 15 faces the end face 2a of the insulating glass 2 with a gap therebetween, and the heat transfer member 3f is close to the end face 2a of the insulating glass 2. The heat transfer member 3f is provided facing the end face 2a of the insulating glass 2 so that when the heat transfer member 3f becomes hot in the event of a fire, the heat of the heat transfer member 3f is transferred to the end face 2a of the insulating glass 2 by radiation. The heat transfer member 3f provided within the glass opening 4 of the vertical frame 7 is formed continuously with the left and right end heat transfer members 3a, 3e provided within the glass opening 4 of the lower frame 6, as shown in Figs.

[0013] The construction procedure for this opening device will be explained below. First, the frame 1 is attached to the opening in the building structure. Next, the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f are attached to the inside of the glass opening 4 of the sill 6 and the vertical frame 7. The heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f may be attached in advance at the factory. Next, with the plastic profile 9 on the indoor side of the upper frame 5 and the left and right vertical frames 7, 7 removed, the double glazing glass 2 is placed inside the frame 1 from the indoor side. Thereafter, a resin profile 9 is attached to the upper frame 5 and the left and right vertical frames 7, 7, and a retrofit bead (the bead 8b on the interior side) is attached to fix the double glazing 2 in place.

[0014] In this way, in this opening device, metal heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f are provided at the bottom of the glass opening 4 of the sill 6 and at the bottom of the glass opening 4 of the vertical frames 7, 7, facing the end face 2a of the double-glazed glass 2.In the event of a fire, the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f are heated by the heat of the fire, and the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f warm each of the glasses 12a, 12b, 12c of the double-glazed glass 2 from the end faces.This reduces the temperature difference between the temperature of the edge parts of the glasses 12a, 12b, 12c and the temperature of the apparent parts, thereby preventing the glass 12a or 12c on the opposite side to the side where the fire is occurring from breaking. In addition, in conventional fireproof opening devices, aluminum tape is applied to the periphery of the insulating glass to raise the temperature of the part that is swallowed by the glass frame in the event of a fire and prevent the glass from thermally cracking, but the work of applying the aluminum tape must be done at the construction site, making workability poor.With this opening building material, it is only necessary to install the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f at the bottom of the glass opening 4, and there is no need to take the time to apply aluminum tape to the periphery of the insulating glass 2 at the construction site, making it easier to install the insulating glass 2 and improving workability.

[0015] Thermal cracking of the glass panels 12a, 12b, and 12c can occur not only during a fire, but also when the glass is heated by solar radiation during normal use. By providing heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f at the glass opening 4, such thermal cracking can be prevented.

[0016] Next, the results of a simulation carried out to verify the effect of providing the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f within the glass opening 4 will be described. The simulation was carried out using Marc manufactured by MSC Software. The conditions assumed were that a fire would break out on the indoor side, and as shown in Figure 6, the set temperature of the heated surface (indoor side) was set to a temperature that would rise over time to 800°C, following the same curve as in the event of a fire, while the set temperature of the non-heated surface (outdoor side) was fixed at 20°C. The analyzed model had a double glazing 2 with dimensions of W 350mm x H 1100mm, and two pieces of glass remained, middle glass 12b and exterior glass 12a, as shown in Figure 7. The temperatures of the edge parts (points A and B in Figure 7) at height H / 2 (550mm) of the exterior glass 12a and the temperature of the apparent part of the exterior glass 12a at the same height (point C in Figure 7) were obtained with and without heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f. The simulation results are shown in Figure 5.

[0017] Generally, during a fire, the temperature of glass rises over time, and after about 480 seconds, there is a risk of the glass cracking. Whether or not the glass actually cracks depends on factors such as the temperature inside the glass opening and the depth to which the glass has penetrated the opening. As shown in the graph of Figure 5, when the heat transfer member is present, the temperature difference between the temperature of the edge portion of the glass 12a (solid line in the figure) and the temperature of the apparent portion of the glass 12a (two-dot chain line in the figure) becomes smaller after about 600 seconds compared to when the heat transfer member is not present, so that the glass 12a can be prevented from breaking. In general, it is said that glass is less likely to break if the temperature difference between the edge portion and the apparent portion is within 20°C, and when the heat transfer member is present, the period during which the temperature difference between the edge portion and the apparent portion remains within 20°C becomes longer after 600 seconds, so it can be said from the results of this simulation that the presence of the heat transfer member makes the glass 12a less likely to break. On the other hand, without the heat transfer member, the temperature difference between the edge portion temperature (dotted line in the figure) and the apparent portion temperature (dashed double-dotted line in the figure) is 20°C or more at all times after 600 seconds, so there is a high possibility that the glass 12a will break.

[0018] Figures 8 and 9 show a non-fireproof version using the same frame 1 as the opening device shown in Figures 1 to 3. No heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f are provided inside the glass opening 4 of the lower frame 6 and vertical frames 7, 7, and a resin glass floor plate 17 is arranged to restrict the movement of the insulating glass 2. No heat foaming material 11 is provided inside the glass opening 4. All three pieces of glass 12a, 12b, 12c of the insulating glass 2 are float glass. In this way, this opening device has a common frame 1, and can be made to be either fireproof or non-fireproof depending on whether or not heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f are provided within the glass opening 4. In addition, heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f may be provided inside the glass opening 4 of a non-fireproof opening device, which makes it possible to prevent thermal cracking that may occur when the glass 12a, 12b, and 12c is heated by solar radiation under normal use conditions.

[0019] Another embodiment of the opening device of the present invention may include a frame 1 attached to an opening in a building frame, and a sliding screen that is openable or fixed within the frame 1. The sliding screen has a frame body made up of an upper frame (glass holding member), a lower frame (glass holding member), and left and right vertical frames (glass holding members), and the frame body has glass openings 4 on its inner periphery, which are continuous around the four sides, and similar to the embodiment of the fixed window described above, the glass openings 4 swallow up and hold the peripheral portion of the insulating glass 2 (see Figures 1 and 2). A heat transfer member is provided within the glass opening 4 of at least one of the upper frame, lower frame, and left and right vertical frames, facing the end face of the insulating glass 2. In a fireproof opening device, it is preferable that the heat transfer member is provided over almost the entire length of the glass opening 4 of the lower frame and in the lower half of the glass opening 4 of the vertical frames, as in the embodiment of the fixed window described above (see Figure 3).

[0020] As described above, this opening device includes the double-glazed glass 2, glass holding members (bottom frame 6, vertical frame 7), and heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, the glass holding members 6, 7 have the glass opening 4 on the inner periphery side, and the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f are made of metal and are provided at the bottom of the glass opening 4 facing the end face of the double-glazed glass 2 (see Figs. 1 and 2), making it easier to install the double-glazed glass 2 and improving workability. Furthermore, the presence of the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f reduces the temperature difference between the temperature of the edge portion and the temperature of the apparent portion of each of the glasses 12a, 12b, 12c of the double-glazed glass 2, preventing thermal cracking of the glasses 12a, 12b, 12c. The glass holding members are frame materials (sill 6, vertical frames 7) or frame materials, which can improve the ease of installation of the insulating glass 2 and prevent thermal cracking of the panes 12a, 12b, 12c of the insulating glass 2. The heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f are arranged in contact with or in close proximity to the end face 2a of the double-glazed glass 2 (see Figures 1 and 2), so that the edge portions of each of the panes 12a, 12b, 12c of the double-glazed glass 2 are efficiently heated by the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, thereby enhancing the effect of preventing thermal cracking of each of the panes 12a, 12b, 12c. Since the heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f are provided along almost the entire longitudinal length of the lower glass holding member (bottom frame) 6 (see Figure 3), the inside of the glass opening 4 of the lower glass holding member 6, which is less likely to become hot in the event of a fire, is heated overall, thereby preventing cracks from occurring from the lower edge side of the glass 12a, 12b, and 12c. The heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f are divided into multiple parts in the longitudinal direction of the lower glass holding member 6, and some of them (3b, 3d) are used as glass base plates that support the double-glazed glass 2 (see Figures 2 and 3), which prevents the panes 12a, 12b, 12c from breaking in the event of a fire and also prevents the panes 12a, 12b, 12c from falling. The heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f are arranged within the glass opening 4 of the lower glass holding member 6 and the left and right glass holding members (vertical frames) 7, 7, thereby preventing cracks from occurring from the lower edges to the side edges of the glass 12a, 12b, and 12c. In this opening device, the heat transfer members 3a, 3e of the lower glass holding member 6 are continuous with the heat transfer members 3f of the left and right glass holding members 7, 7 (see Figure 3), so that the heat transfer members 3a, 3e, 3f can be easily installed across the gap between the glass opening 4 of the lower glass holding member 6 and the glass opening 4 of the left and right glass holding members 7, 7. This opening device shares the same glass holding member 1, and can be made either fireproof or non-fireproof depending on whether or not heat transfer members 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, and 3f are provided within the glass opening 4, so that opening devices of both fireproof and non-fireproof specifications can be easily manufactured while keeping costs down.

[0021] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The cross-sectional shape and material of the glass holding member and the cross-sectional shape and material of the heat transfer member can be changed as appropriate. The heat transfer member may be provided on any one of the four glass holding members provided around the periphery of the insulating glass, or may be provided on all of the four glass holding members. The heat transfer member can be formed of, for example, an aluminum extrusion with a U-shaped cross section, and in that case, by arranging the heat transfer members with their ends butted together within the glass openings of the vertical and horizontal glass holding members, the heat transfer members can be arranged continuously within the glass openings of the vertical and horizontal glass holding members without bending. Furthermore, by cutting the ends of the heat transfer member made of aluminum extrusion perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction and abutting the end face of the heat transfer member arranged at the glass opening of one of the vertical and horizontal glass holding members against the inner peripheral projected surface of the heat transfer member arranged at the glass opening of the other glass holding member, it is easy to arrange the heat transfer members continuously within the glass openings of the vertical and horizontal glass holding members, further improving workability. The double-glazing may have any configuration, and may have two pieces of glass, an aluminum spacer, etc. The opening device of the present invention is not limited to a fireproof opening device, and may be a non-fireproof opening device, and in the case of a non-fireproof opening device, a heat transfer member is provided within the glass opening, which has the effect of preventing thermal cracking of the double-glazing caused by solar radiation. [Explanation of symbols]

[0022] 1 slot 2. Double-glazing 3a,3b,3c,3d,3e,3f Heat transfer member 4 Glass frontage 5 Upper frame (glass holding part) 6 Bottom frame (glass holding part) 7 Vertical frame (glass holding member)

Claims

[Claim 1] An opening device comprising: a double-glazed glass window; a glass holding member; and a heat transfer member; the glass holding member has a glass opening on its inner periphery; and the heat transfer member is made of metal and is provided at the bottom of the glass opening opposite the end face of the double-glazed glass window.

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