Glass body for vehicle

Abstract

To provide a glass body that improves communication performance while conforming to legal requirements.SOLUTION: A glass body for a vehicle comprises: a glass plate; a first power supply unit 1; a second power supply unit 2 arranged at an interval from the first power supply unit 1 in a horizontal direction; and an antenna 10 connected to the first power supply unit 1 and the second power supply unit 2. The antenna 10 includes a first element 3 connected to the first power supply unit 1, a second element 4 connected to the first power supply unit 1, and a third element 5 connecting the first power supply unit 1 or the first element 3 and the second power supply unit 2 to each other. The first element 3 has a first portion extending in the direction opposite to the second power supply unit 2 substantially horizontally from the first power supply unit 1. The second element 4 has a first portion extending substantially downward from the first power supply unit 1, a second portion extending substantially horizontally to the opposite side of the first element 3 from the leading end of the first portion, and a third portion extending substantially downward from the leading end of the second portion. The third element 5 is arranged below the first power supply unit 1 and the second power supply unit 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a glass body for a vehicle. [Background technology]

[0002] ITS (Intelligent Traffic Systems) such as ETC are used to transmit and receive vehicle-to-vehicle and road-to-vehicle communications through two-way communication, and glass antennas for transmitting and receiving these radio waves are provided on the vehicle windows (for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-5711 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, there is room for improvement in the communication performance in receiving radio waves of the ITS, and further improvement is desired. On the other hand, legal requirements are imposed on the transmission of radio waves of the ITS, and it is necessary to comply with these requirements. Note that such problems are not limited to ITS, but can also occur in two-way communication related to vehicles using radio waves of other frequency bands. The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and aims to provide a glass body that can improve the communication performance of transmitting and receiving radio waves for vehicles while complying with legal requirements. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] Item 1. A glass body for a vehicle, A glass plate and A first power supply portion disposed on the glass plate; a second power supply unit disposed on the glass plate and spaced apart from the first power supply unit in a horizontal direction; an antenna disposed on the glass plate, connected to the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion, and capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves; Equipped with The antenna is A first element connected to the first power supply portion; A second element connected to the first power supply portion; a third element that connects the first power supply portion or the second element to the second power supply portion; Equipped with the first element has at least a first portion extending substantially horizontally from the first power supply portion in a direction opposite to the second power supply portion, the second element has at least a first portion extending substantially downward from the first power supply portion, a second portion extending substantially horizontally from a tip of the first portion toward an opposite side to the first element, and a third portion extending substantially downward from a tip of the second portion, The third element is disposed below the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion.

[0006] Item 2. The glass body according to item 1, wherein the length of the first element is 1 / 4κλ to 1 / 2κλ, where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the frequency band received by the antenna, and κ is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[0007] Item 3. The glass body according to item 2, wherein the first element further has a second portion extending downward from a tip of the first portion of the first element.

[0008] Item 4. The glass body according to item 2 or 3, wherein the length of the first portion of the first element is 1 / 8 κλ to 1 / 3 κλ.

[0009] Item 5. The glass body according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein a total length of the first portion, the second portion, the third portion, and the fourth portion of the second element is 1 / 2κλ to 1κλ, where λ is the wavelength of a center frequency of a frequency band received by the antenna, and κ is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[0010] Item 6. The glass body according to item 5, wherein a total length of the first portion and the second portion of the second element is 1 / 5 κλ to 2 / 5 κλ.

[0011] Item 7. The third element is connected to the first portion of the second element; Item 5. The glass body according to item 5 or 6, wherein a distance between a connection point between the third element and the first portion of the second element and the second portion of the second element is 15 mm or less.

[0012] Item 8. The glass body according to any one of items 5 to 7, wherein the second element further has a fourth portion extending horizontally from a tip of the third portion of the second element toward the first power supply portion.

[0013] Item 9. The glass body according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein an element length between the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion via the third element is 3 / 16 κλ to 10 / 16 κλ.

[0014] Item 10. The glass body according to any one of Items 1 to 9, wherein the wavelength of the center frequency of the frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is κ, and the sum of the length of the first element and the length of the second element is 0.95κλ to 1.25κλ.

[0015] Item 11. The glass body according to any one of items 1 to 10, wherein the antenna is configured to transmit and receive radio waves of an ITS.

[0016] Item 12. The glass body according to any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the glass body is a front windshield.

[0017] Item 13. The glass body according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the vertical distance between the lowest end of the first feed point and the second feed part and the lowest end of the antenna is 40 mm or less.

[0018] Item 14. The glass body according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein the maximum gain of the antenna is adjusted to 0 dBi or less. Effect of the Invention

[0019] According to the present invention, it is possible to improve communication performance for transmitting and receiving radio waves to a vehicle while complying with legal requirements. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] 1 is a plan view of a vehicle window glass, which is one embodiment of a glass body according to the present invention, viewed from the inside of the vehicle. [Diagram 2] FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another example of an antenna. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another example of an antenna. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another example of an antenna. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another example of an antenna. [Figure 7] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of an overall length of a first element. [Figure 8] 13 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of the length of a first portion of a first element. [Figure 9] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of the overall length of the second element. [Figure 10] 13 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin with respect to adjustment of a total length of a first portion and a second portion of a second element. [Figure 11] 13 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin with respect to adjustment of a total length of a first portion and a second portion of a second element. [Figure 12] 13 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin for a connection point between a seventh portion of the third element and the second element. [Figure 13] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of the overall length of a third element. [Figure 14] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of an overall length of a first element. [Figure 15] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of the overall length of the second element. [Figure 16] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of the overall length of the second element. [Figure 17] 11 is a graph showing a functional requirement margin and a legal requirement margin regarding adjustment of the overall length of a third element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0021] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the glass body according to the present invention is applied to a vehicle window glass will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a vehicle window glass according to this embodiment as viewed from the inside of the vehicle. The target window glass is not particularly limited as long as it is a vehicle window glass, and can be arranged on any of the front windshield, rear glass, side glass, etc. Note that, for convenience of explanation, the following description will be made based on the directions indicated in each figure, but this direction does not limit the present invention.

[0022] <1. Window glass> As shown in Fig. 1, the window glass (glass body) according to this embodiment includes a glass plate 100 and an antenna 10 disposed on this glass plate 100. Each component will be described in turn below.

[0023] <1-1. Glass plate> The glass plate 100 may be a known glass plate used as a window glass for automobiles. For example, heat absorbing glass, general clear glass or green glass, or UV green glass may be used as the glass plate 100. However, such a glass plate 100 needs to achieve a visible light transmittance that meets the safety standards of the country in which the automobile is used. For example, the solar absorptance, visible light transmittance, and the like can be adjusted to meet the safety standards. An example of the composition of clear glass and an example of the composition of heat absorbing glass are shown below.

[0024] (Clear glass) SiO 2 :70~73% by mass Al 2 O 3 :0.6~2.4% by mass CaO: 7~12% by mass MgO: 1.0~4.5% by mass R 2 O: 13 to 15 mass% (R is an alkali metal) Fe 2 O 3 Total iron oxide (T-Fe 2 O 3 ):0.08~0.14% by mass

[0025] (Heat absorbing glass) The composition of heat absorbing glass is, for example, based on the composition of clear glass, Fe 2 O 3 Total iron oxide (T-Fe 2 O 3 ) is 0.4 to 1.3 mass%, and CeO 2 The ratio of TiO is 0 to 2 mass%. 2 The ratio of is 0 to 0.5 mass%, and the glass framework component (mainly SiO 2 Or Al 2 O 3 ) to T-Fe 2 O 3 , CEO 2 and TiO 2 The composition can be reduced by the increase in

[0026] The type of the glass plate 100 is not limited to clear glass or heat absorbing glass, and may be appropriately selected depending on the embodiment. For example, the glass plate 100 may be a resin window such as an acrylic or polycarbonate resin.

[0027] Furthermore, such glass plate 100 may be composed of a single glass plate, or may be laminated glass in which an intermediate film such as a resin is sandwiched between multiple glass plates. When the window glass is a single glass plate, the antenna is disposed on the surface of the window glass facing the vehicle interior. On the other hand, when the window glass is laminated glass, the antenna 10 can be disposed on the surface of the glass plate 100 facing the vehicle interior, or between two glass plates.

[0028] <1-2.Antenna> Fig. 2 is a front view of the antenna, as seen from inside the vehicle window. In the following, the description will be given according to the directions shown in each figure, but these directions are merely examples, and the antenna according to the present invention can be configured in a way that is not limited to these directions.

[0029] The antenna 10 according to this embodiment transmits and receives radio waves of the ITS having a frequency of 755 to 765 MHz, and includes a first power supply unit 1, a second power supply unit 2, a first element 3, a second element 4, and a third element 5. Each of the elements 3 to 5 is formed in a linear shape. The first power supply unit 1 and the second power supply unit 2 are formed in a rectangular shape and are arranged at a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the first power supply unit 1 is arranged on the left side. These power supply units 1 and 2 are connected to a connection terminal (not shown) provided on the inside of the vehicle, and are connected to an ITS transceiver (not shown) provided in the vehicle by a coaxial cable (not shown). In this embodiment, the first power supply unit 1 is connected to the inner conductor (HOT) of the coaxial cable, and the second power supply unit 2 is connected to the outer conductor (GND) of the coaxial cable.

[0030] In the following description, the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 100 is κ, and the wavelength of the central frequency of the frequency range in which the antenna transmits and receives is λ. The wavelength shortening rate κ of the glass plate 100 varies depending on the composition, thickness, etc. of the glass plate, but is, for example, about 0.5 to 0.7. Regarding λ, for example, in the case of ITS, the central wavelength is 760 MHz.

[0031] <1-2-1. First element> The first element 3 includes a first portion 31 extending substantially horizontally from the upper left corner of the first power supply portion 1 to the left side (the opposite side to the second power supply portion 2), a second portion 32 extending substantially vertically downward from the tip of the first portion 31, and a third portion 33 extending to the left side from the tip of the second portion 32. The third portion 33 is formed to be shorter than the first portion 31.

[0032] The length of the first element 3 can be set, for example, as follows. The entire length of the first element 3 can be 1 / 4κλ to 1 / 2κλ. The length of the first portion 31 can be 1 / 8κλ to 1 / 3κλ, and is preferably 1 / 8κλ to 1 / 4κλ. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first element 3 can be composed of only the first portion 31, or can be composed of only the first portion and the second portion 32. However, even in these cases, it is preferable that the entire length of the first element 3 is set as described above. Furthermore, when the third portion 33 is provided, the length of the second portion 32 can be 1 / 12κλ to 3 / 32κλ.

[0033] <1-2-2. Second element> As shown in FIG. 2, the second element 4 includes a first portion 41 extending downward in a substantially vertical direction from the lower right corner of the first power supply portion 1, a second portion 42 extending substantially horizontally from the tip of the first portion 41 to the right side (the opposite side to the first element 3), a third portion 43 extending downward in a substantially vertical direction from the tip of the second portion 42, and a fourth portion 44 extending substantially horizontally to the left side from the tip of the third portion 43.

[0034] The length of the second element 4 can be set, for example, as follows. The entire length of the second element 4 can be 1 / 2κλ to κλ. Furthermore, the length of the first portion 41 can be 3 / 16κλ to 1 / 4κλ. If the entire length of the second element 4 is set as above, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the fourth portion 44 is not necessarily required, but if the fourth portion 44 is provided, the length of the third portion 43 can be 5 mm or more.

[0035] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 described later, a fifth portion 45 extending leftward from the lower end of the first portion 41 may be provided.

[0036] <1-2-3. Third element> 2, the third element 5 includes a first portion 51 extending substantially horizontally from the lower right corner of the second power supply portion 2 to the right side (the opposite side to the first power supply portion), a second portion 52 extending substantially vertically downward from the tip of the first portion 51, and a third portion 53 extending substantially horizontally from the tip of the second portion 52 to the left side (the first power supply portion 1 side). The tip of the third portion 53 is connected to the middle of the first portion 41 of the second element 4 (hereinafter referred to as a connection point C1). Therefore, the length of the second portion 52 is shorter than the length of the first portion 41 of the second element 4.

[0037] The length of the third element 5 can be set, for example, as follows: The total length of the entire third element 5 and the length from the connection point C1 to the first power supply point 1 (the element length between the first power supply point 1 and the second power supply point 2 passing through the third element 5) can be 3 / 16κλ to 10 / 16κλ, and preferably 3 / 16κλ to 9 / 16κλ. The distance D between the connection point C1 and the tip of the first portion 41 of the second element 4 is preferably 0 mm or more and 15 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or more and 12 mm or less, even more preferably 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and can also be 5 mm or more and 6 mm or less.

[0038] The third element 5 may have various shapes between the first portion 41 of the second element 4 and the second power supply portion 2. For example, as shown in Fig. 5, the third element 5 includes a first portion 51 extending substantially horizontally to the right from the lower right corner of the second power supply portion 2, a fourth portion 54 extending substantially vertically downward from a tip of the first portion 51, a fifth portion 55 extending substantially horizontally to the left from a tip of the fourth portion 54, a sixth portion 56 extending substantially vertically downward from a tip of the fifth portion 55, and a seventh portion 57 extending substantially horizontally to the left from a tip of the sixth portion 56.

[0039] Furthermore, the lower end of the sixth portion 56 is provided with a first extension portion 58 extending substantially horizontally to the right, and the tip of the fifth portion 55 is provided with a second extension portion 59 extending substantially horizontally to the left. Only one of the first and second extension portions 58, 59 may be provided. For example, by adjusting the length of at least one of the sixth portion 56, the first extension portion 58, and the second extension portion 59, it is possible to obtain the same effect as adjusting the overall length of the third element 5. Note that the first and second extension portions 58, 59 are not necessarily required and can be provided as necessary.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical distance Y between the bottom end of the first and second power feeding parts 1 and 2 and the bottom end of the antenna 10 is preferably short, and can be, for example, 40 mm or less.

[0041] <1-3. Antenna materials> The material for forming each element of the antenna 10 may be any material as long as it has electrical conductivity, and examples of such materials include silver, gold, platinum, etc. Specifically, the antenna 10 can be formed by printing and baking a conductive silver paste containing silver powder, glass frit, etc. on the surface of the glass plate 100. When the glass plate 100 is a laminated glass, the antenna 10 can be formed on the inner surface of the outer glass plate, the outer surface of the inner glass plate, or the inner surface of the inner glass plate.

[0042] <1-4. Antenna Function> The ITS antenna is adjusted so that the average antenna gain of vertically polarized waves in a specified horizontal plane is equal to or greater than a specified value in the frequency range of 755-765MHz in order to receive other vehicle information and roadside equipment information, and to transmit vehicle information (hereinafter referred to as functional requirements). Also, to suppress conflicts with nearby radio waves in other frequency bands, the antenna is adjusted so that the maximum gain over the entire sky is 0dBi or less (based on Article 49-22-2 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' Radio Equipment Regulations, hereinafter referred to as legal requirements).

[0043] The above-mentioned first element 3 and second element 4 are used to adjust the average gain of the vertically polarized wave in a predetermined horizontal plane, and to suppress and adjust unnecessary components that are not used for communication and become interference elements. On the other hand, the third element 5 is used to adjust the antenna performance to a predetermined frequency.

[0044] <2. Features> The window glass constructed as above has the following advantages. (1) The antenna 10 has the first to third elements 3 to 5, so that it is possible to satisfy both the above-mentioned functional requirements and regulatory requirements in transmitting and receiving radio waves of the ITS.

[0045] (2) As shown in FIG. 5, by providing the sixth portion 56 and the first and second extension portions 58, 59 in the third element 5, the antenna performance can be adjusted to a predetermined frequency without significantly changing the element length connecting the first power supply portion 1 and the second power supply portion 2 via the third element 5. For example, when the third element 5 is configured as shown in FIG. 2, if the overall length of the third element 5 is to be increased, the element length connecting the first power supply portion 1 and the second power supply portion 2 via the third element 5 is increased, so that the area occupied by the third element 5 increases, and there is a possibility that the degree of freedom in designing the antenna is reduced. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, by forming the third element 5 with five portions 51, 54 to 57 and providing the extension portions 58, 59 at the ends of any of the portions, the antenna length can be adjusted while keeping the area occupied by the third element 5 small.

[0046] Furthermore, the antenna performance can be adjusted by adjusting only the length of at least one of the sixth portion 56 and the extending portions 58 and 59 without changing the lengths of the five portions 51, 54 to 57 of the third element 5, so that the antenna performance can be easily adjusted. The number of portions and the number of extending portions of the third element 5 are not particularly limited and can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the position and orientation of the extending portions are not particularly limited.

[0047] 5, a fourth element 6 may be provided extending substantially horizontally to the right from the second power supply part 2. The position of the fourth element 6 is not particularly limited as long as it extends from any one of the right sides of the second power supply part 2. In addition, the number and shape of the fourth elements 6 are also not particularly limited, and they may be in a shape other than a straight line.

[0048] <3. Modifications> Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The following modifications can be appropriately combined, and the modifications can also be combined with the above embodiment.

[0049] The above-mentioned shape of the antenna is an example and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the shapes of elements 3 to 5 shown in Figs. 2 to 5 can be combined as appropriate. In the glass body according to the present invention, the shape of the antenna shown in Fig. 6 is the basic shape, but at least one element can be added as appropriate to this to form a shape as shown in Figs. 2 to 5, at least one further portion can be added to each element, or further elements can be added. Also, the third element 5 can be directly connected to the first power supply part 1 instead of the first portion 41 of the second element 4.

[0050] The shape of power supplying parts 1 and 2 is not particularly limited and may be other than rectangular.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the ITS is described as an example in which the frequency of the radio waves to be transmitted and received is 755 to 765 MHz, but the frequency of the radio waves to be transmitted and received is not limited to this, and the present invention is applicable to other two-way communication systems related to vehicles other than the ITS. Therefore, even if a frequency other than 755 to 765 MHz such as the ITS is adopted, an antenna that satisfies the legal requirements and functional requirements can be configured by setting the length of the above elements based on κλ. In addition, as an example of the legal requirement value, the maximum gain of the antenna is 0 dBi, but it may be adjusted to be 0 dBi or less. EXAMPLES

[0052] Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0053] <1. Study method> The performance of the antenna shown in the above embodiment will be examined below. In examining the reception performance below, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software was used. In this simulation, a typical laminated glass with a thickness of 7 mm was assumed, and a glass plate was modeled. In addition, the antenna line width was 1 mm, the wavelength shortening rate κ of the surface of the glass plate was 0.65, and the model was assumed to be a radio wave with a frequency of 760 MHz (wavelength in vacuum λ=394 mm, κλ=256 mm). The simulation procedure was as follows: (1) the vehicle, antenna, etc. were modeled, and materials were set, and (2) appropriate meshes were set for the vehicle, antenna, etc., and then the simulation was performed. Such simulation setting and execution are common to the examination of all the examples shown below.

[0054] Below, the relationship between the length of each element and the antenna gain was verified by the above-mentioned simulation, and a graph showing the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin was created as shown below. (1) Evaluation of functional requirements Measurement value: Vertical polarization, average gain at 0 degree elevation angle Functional requirement margin: Measurement value - Functional requirement value (-8dBi) (2) Evaluation of regulatory requirements Here, the polarization plane on the three-dimensional spherical surface is expressed as Θ-pol·Φ-pol. Θ-pol is a wave polarized parallel to the latitudinal direction, which is equivalent to vertical polarization when it is horizontal to the earth, and Φ-pol is a wave polarized parallel to the longitudinal direction, which is equivalent to horizontal polarization when it is horizontal to the earth. The evaluation value used is the maximum value of the Θ-Pol·Φ-pol gain for the entire sky region from the horizontal to the zenith, and the legal requirement margin is calculated by minus the legal requirement value (0 dBi) - the measured value. Measurement value: Maximum gain in the entire sky for polarization θ-pol / φ-pol Legally required margin: Legally required value (0 dBi) - Measured value

[0055] Note that the functional requirements can be changed as appropriate according to the required performance, so it is difficult to set them uniquely, and they are described as examples. Therefore, even if the functional requirement margin in the following explanation falls below 0, it does not necessarily mean that the antenna gain is not practical. For example, if it is -2 dB or more, it is considered to be practical.

[0056] <2. Consideration based on the morphology in Figure 5> The length of each element was adjusted using the antenna shown in Figure 5 as the basic configuration. The length of each element in the basic configuration shown in Figure 5 is as follows: [Table 1]

[0057] <2-1. Consideration of the first element> (1) Adjustment of the overall length of the first element In the following, the element length, which is the total element length of the first element 3 and the total element length of the first to fourth parts of the second element 4, was fixed at 295 mm as shown in Table 1, and the total element length of the first element 3 was adjusted between 50 and 150 mm (=0.20κλ to 0.59κλ), and the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin were calculated. The results are shown in FIG. 7. The plot shown in FIG. 7 shows the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin. That is, the vertical axis of FIG. 7 shows the difference between the antenna gain at each measured length of the first element 3 and the functional requirement value or the legal requirement value (functional requirement margin and legal requirement margin). The value 0 on the vertical axis shows the functional requirement value and the legal requirement value. The above points are the same in the graphs shown below. For example, when the total element length of the first element 3 is 55 mm (=0.21κλ), the legal requirement margin is about 0 dB, and the functional requirement margin is about -2 dB. This means that the measured value of the legal requirement generally meets the legal requirement, but the measured value of the functional requirement is -2 dB lower than the functional requirement. On the other hand, when the total length of the first element 3 is 95 mm (=0.37κλ), the legal requirement margin is approximately +1.3 dB and the functional requirement margin is approximately +0.7 dB. This means that both the measured value of the legal requirement and the measured value of the functional requirement exceed the required values, and the legal requirement is met while ensuring performance as an antenna.

[0058] Therefore, according to FIG. 7, in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements, it is preferable that the total length of the first element is 75 to 115 mm (=0.29κλ to 0.45κλ).

[0059] (2) Adjusting the length of the first part of the first element In the following, the element length, which is the total element length of the first element 3 and the total lengths of the first to fourth portions of the second element 4, was fixed at 295 mm as shown in Table 1, and the length of the first portion 31 of the first element 3 was adjusted between 20 and 85 mm (=0.08κλ to 0.33κλ) to calculate the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin. The results are shown in Fig. 8. It can be seen from Fig. 8 that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and legal requirements, it is preferable that the length of the first portion 31 of the first element 3 is 40 to 75 mm (=0.16κλ to 0.29κλ).

[0060] <2-2. Consideration of the second element> In the antenna shown in Fig. 5, the element length, which is the total length of the first element 3 and the total length of the first to fourth parts of the second element 4, was fixed at 295 mm as shown in Table 1, and then the length of the second element was adjusted. The lengths of each element are as shown in Table 1 below.

[0061] (1) Adjustment of the overall length of the second element The overall length of the second element 4 was adjusted between about 140 and about 230 mm (=0.55κλ to 0.90κλ), and the functional requirement margin and the regulatory requirement margin were calculated. The results are shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 9 shows that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements, it is preferable that the overall length of the second element 4 is 165 to 210 mm (=0.64κλ to 0.82κλ).

[0062] (2) Adjustment of the total length of the first and second parts of the second element When the total length of the first element 3 was fixed at 85 mm (=0.33 κλ), and the total length of the second element 4 was fixed at 199 mm (=0.78 κλ), the total length of the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 of the second element 4 was adjusted between about 45 and about 100 mm (=0.18 κλ to 0.39 κλ), and the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin were calculated. The results are shown in Fig. 10. According to Fig. 10, it can be seen that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and the legal requirements, it is preferable that the total length of the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 of the second element 4 is about 60 to about 75 mm (=0.23 κλ to 0.29 κλ).

[0063] In addition, when the total length of the first element 3 was fixed at 115 mm (=0.50κλ), and the total length of the second element 4 was fixed at 169 mm (=0.66κλ), the total length of the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 of the second element 4 was adjusted between about 50 and about 110 mm (=0.20κλ to 0.43κλ), and the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin were calculated. The results are shown in Fig. 11. According to Fig. 11, it can be seen that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and the legal requirements, it is preferable that the total length of the first portion and the second portion of the second element 4 is about 70 to about 90 mm (=0.27κλ to 0.35κλ).

[0064] According to Figures 10 and 11, since any length satisfies the regulatory requirements, it is considered that the total length of the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 of the second element 4 is preferably about 60 to about 85 mm (= 0.23 κλ to 0.33 κλ).

[0065] <2-3. Consideration of the third element> In the antenna shown in Fig. 5, the length and position of the third element 5 were adjusted. The length of each element is as shown in Table 1. However, in examining the third element 5, the shape in Fig. 5 was omitted from the fourth element 61. (1) Examination of the connection point between the seventh part of the third element and the second element A study was conducted on the distance D from the connection point C1 between the seventh portion 57 of the third element 5 and the first portion of the second element 4 to the tip of the first portion 41 of the second element 4. The length of the distance D was adjusted between about 3 and about 27 mm, and the functional requirement margin and the legal requirement margin were calculated. The results are shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 12 shows that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and legal requirements, it is preferable that the length of the distance D is between about 3 mm and 15 mm.

[0066] (2) Consideration of the overall length of the third element The element length between the first feed portion 1 and the second feed portion 2 via the third element 5 was investigated. The lengths of the extensions 58, 59 were fixed. The results are shown in Fig. 13. Fig. 13 shows that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements, it is preferable that the element length between the first feed portion 1 and the second feed portion 2 via the third element 5 be approximately 90 to 140 mm (=0.35κλ to 0.54κλ).

[0067] <3. Consideration based on the morphology in Figure 2> The length of each element was adjusted based on the antenna shown in Figure 2. The length of each element in the basic configuration shown in Figure 2 is as follows: [Table 2]

[0068] <3-1. Consideration of the first element> The length of the first element 3 was examined for the configuration in which the first element 3 is composed of only the first portion 31 in FIG. 2. The results are shown in FIG. 14. According to FIG. 14, it is found that the length of the first element 3 is preferably about 70 to 80 mm (=0.27 κλ to 0.31 κλ) in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements. If the length of the first element 3 is about 50 to 80 mm (=0.20 κλ to 0.31 κλ), the regulatory requirements are satisfied. The inventors have confirmed that the functional requirements are sufficient for practical use if the length is 65 to 80 mm (=0.25 κλ to 0.31 κλ). Therefore, it is found that the total length of the first element should be about 65 to 80 mm (=0.25 κλ to 0.31 κλ) in order to satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements.

[0069] <3-2. Consideration of the second element> The overall length of the second element 4 was examined. The results are shown in FIG. 15. According to FIG. 15, it is found that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements, the overall length of the second element 4 is preferably about 210 to 220 mm (=0.82 κλ to 0.86 κλ). If the overall length of the second element 4 is about 180 to 220 mm (=0.70 κλ to 0.86 κλ), the regulatory requirements are satisfied. The inventors have confirmed that the functional requirements are sufficient for practical use if the overall length is about 180 to 240 mm (=0.70 κλ to 0.93 κλ). Therefore, it is found that in order to satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements, the overall length of the second element 4 should be about 180 to 220 mm (=0.70 κλ to 0.86 κλ).

[0070] We investigated the overall length of the second element 4 when it is composed only of the first to third portions 41 to 43 as shown in Fig. 4. The results are shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 16 shows that in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and regulatory requirements, it is preferable that the overall length of the second element 4 is approximately 200 to 210 mm (=0.78κλ to 0.82κλ). Regarding the functional requirements, sufficient performance is shown regardless of the overall length of the second element 4.

[0071] <3-3. Consideration of the third element> The element length between the first power supply part 1 and the second power supply part 2 via the third element 5 was examined. The results are shown in FIG. 17. According to FIG. 17, it is found that the total length of the third element 5 is preferably about 135 to 145 mm (=0.52κλ to 0.57κλ) in order to fully satisfy the antenna performance and the regulatory requirements. Regarding the regulatory requirements, the third element 5 exhibits sufficient performance regardless of the total length. Regarding the functional requirements, the inventors have confirmed that a total length of about 120 to 155 mm (=0.47κλ to 0.61κλ) is sufficient for practical use. Therefore, it is found that the total length of the third element 5 should be about 120 to 155 mm (=0.47κλ to 0.61κλ) in order to satisfy the antenna performance and the regulatory requirements. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 100 Glass Plate 10 Antennas 1. First power supply section 2 Second power supply section 3. First Element 4. Second Element 5. The Third Element

Claims

1. A glass body for a vehicle, comprising: A glass plate and A first power supply portion disposed on the glass plate; a second power supply unit disposed on the glass plate and spaced apart from the first power supply unit in a horizontal direction; an antenna disposed on the glass plate, connected to the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion, and capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves; Equipped with The antenna is A first element connected to the first power supply portion; A second element connected to the first power supply portion; a third element connecting the first power supply portion or the second element to the second power supply portion; Equipped with the first element has at least a first portion extending substantially horizontally from the first power supply portion in a direction opposite to the second power supply portion, the second element has at least a first portion extending substantially downward from the first power supply portion, a second portion extending substantially horizontally from a tip of the first portion toward an opposite side to the first element, and a third portion extending substantially downward from a tip of the second portion, The third element is disposed below the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion.

2. The glass body according to claim 1, wherein the length of the first element is 1 / 4κλ to 1 / 2κλ, where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the frequency band received by the antenna, and κ is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

3. The glass body of claim 2 , wherein the first element further includes a second portion extending downward from a tip of the first portion of the first element.

4. The glass body according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the length of the first portion of the first element is 1 / 8 κλ to 1 / 3 κλ.

5. 2. The glass body according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the center frequency of the frequency band received by the antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is κ, and the total length of the first portion, the second portion, the third portion, and the fourth portion of the second element is 1 / 2κλ to 1κλ.

6. The glass body according to claim 5, wherein the total length of the first portion and the second portion of the second element is 1 / 5 κλ to 2 / 5 κλ.

7. the third element is connected to the first portion of the second element; The glass body according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a distance between a connection point between the third element and the first portion of the second element and the second portion of the second element is 15 mm or less.

8. The glass body according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the second element further has a fourth portion extending horizontally from a tip of the third portion of the second element toward the first power supply portion.

9. 2. The glass body according to claim 1, wherein an element length between the first power supply portion and the second power supply portion via the third element is 3 / 16 κλ to 10 / 16 κλ.

10. The wavelength of the center frequency of the frequency band received by the antenna is λ, and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is κ. The sum of the length of the first element and the length of the second element is 0.95κλ to 1.25κλ. The glass body according to claim 1.

11. The glass body of claim 1 , wherein the antenna is configured to transmit and receive ITS radio waves.

12. The glass body of claim 1 , wherein the glass body is a front windshield.

13. 2. The glass body according to claim 1, wherein a vertical distance between a bottom end of the first feed point and the second feed portion and a bottom end of the antenna is 40 mm or less.

14. The glass body according to claim 1 , wherein the maximum gain of the antenna is adjusted to be equal to or less than 0 dBi.

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