Carbonaceous material and method for producing the same, sorption filter, water purifier cartridge, water purifier, and water purification facility

Abstract

To provide a carbonaceous material and a method for producing the same, a sorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility, which are capable of removing, with consistent performance, a broad range of harmful substances from chloroform and the like, having a relatively small molecular size, to anionic surfactants and the like, having a relatively large molecular size.SOLUTION: A carbonaceous material according to the present invention has pore volume of 0.16 cm3 / g or more and 0.30 cm3 / g or less with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less as calculated by a QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from a nitrogen sorption isotherm, an iodine sorption amount of 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and a reactive black 5 value of 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbonaceous material, a method for producing the same, an adsorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility.

Background Art

[0002] Household water purifiers are widely used to remove harmful substances in tap water. Among such harmful substances, volatile organic compounds such as chloroform and other trihalomethanes contained in trace amounts in tap water, and harmful substances such as mold odor represented by 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are designated as substances to be removed in the Household Goods Quality Labeling Law for household water purifiers, and it is desired to remove them from tap water.

[0003] In order to remove such harmful substances, carbonaceous materials are usually used in household water purifiers. As such a carbonaceous material, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a carbonaceous material having a benzene adsorption amount of 25% or more and 40% or less, a vitamin B12 adsorption amount of 13.0 mg / g or more and 50.0 mg / g or less, and a mesopore pore volume calculated by the BJH method from a nitrogen adsorption isotherm of 0.070 cm 3 / g or more and 0.150 cm 3 / g or less.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in the carbonaceous material described in Patent Document 1, the pore volume and specific surface area are designed to be able to remove substances such as 2-MIB with a relatively large molecular size rather than trihalomethanes such as chloroform with a relatively small molecular size. Therefore, although the filtration capacity value for 2-MIB and the like is high, it is difficult to remove substances with a relatively small molecular size such as trihalomethanes using this carbonaceous material, and it is very difficult to remove chloroform with an even smaller molecular size among trihalomethanes.

[0006] In 2019, the JIS test method for household water purifiers was revised, and in the new JIS S3201:2019, five additional substances were added to the substances to be removed. As a result, there is a demand for household water purifiers that can remove more types of harmful substances than before.

[0007] Among the five additional substances, the anionic surfactant has a larger molecular size than 2-MIB. In the carbonaceous materials used in conventional household water purifiers, like in Patent Document 1, the pore volume and specific surface area are designed to be suitable for removing substances with a molecular size similar to that of 2-MIB. Therefore, it is difficult to remove harmful substances with a relatively large molecular size such as anionic surfactants using conventional carbonaceous materials.

[0008] Thus, after the revision of the JIS test method, it is required that the carbonaceous materials used in household water purifiers can remove a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, with equivalent performance.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a carbonaceous material and a method for producing the same, an adsorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility that can remove a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size with equivalent performance.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0010] As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention have found that a carbonaceous material having a pore volume, an iodine adsorption amount, and a reactive black pentavalent each within a specific range can remove a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to an anionic surfactant with a relatively large molecular size with equivalent performance, and thus have completed the present invention.

[0011] The present invention includes the following embodiments. [1] The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, carbonaceous material.

[0012] [2] The ratio (A / B) of the pore volume (A) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm to the pore volume (B) of mesopores determined by the BJH method from the N 2 adsorption isotherm at -196 °C is 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less, the carbonaceous material according to [1].

[0013] [3] The pore volume of mesopores determined by the BJH method from the N 2 adsorption isotherm at -196 °C is 0.030 cm 3 / g or more and 0.140 cm 3 / g or less, the carbonaceous material according to [1].

[0014] [4] The specific surface area determined by the BET method from the N 2 adsorption isotherm at -196 °C is 610 m 2 / g or more and 1,400 m 2 / g or less, the carbonaceous material according to [1].

[0015] [5] The carbonaceous material according to [1], wherein the packing density measured by the tapping method is 0.36 g / mL or more and 0.60 g / mL or less.

[0016] [6] The carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5], which is used for removing at least chloroform and an anionic surfactant in water.

[0017] [7] A method for producing a carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5], comprising a carbonization step of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide, and an activation step of subjecting the carbide to an activation treatment to obtain an activated product.

[0018] [8] The production method according to [7], further comprising a washing step of washing the activated product.

[0019] [9] The production method according to [7], wherein the raw material is a coconut shell.

[0020]

[10] An adsorption filter comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0021]

[11] A water purifier cartridge comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0022]

[12] A water purifier comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0023]

[13] Water purification equipment comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

Advantages of the Invention

[0024] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbonaceous material and a method for producing the same, an adsorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and water purification equipment that can remove a wide range of harmful substances from relatively small molecular size chloroform to relatively large molecular size anionic surfactants with equivalent performance.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0026] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as "the present embodiment") will be described in detail. It should be noted that the following present embodiment is an exemplification for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited only to the present embodiment.

[0027] [Carbonaceous Material] The carbonaceous material of the present embodiment has a pore volume of 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less for pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm, an iodine adsorption amount of 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and a reactive black 5 value of 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.

[0028] By having such requirements, the carbonaceous material can remove a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size with equivalent performance. That is, since the pore volume of the carbonaceous material with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is in a specific range, it is possible to have high adsorption performance for chloroform with a relatively small molecular size. Moreover, since the pore diameter of the carbonaceous material is controlled to be suitable for anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, it can also have high adsorption performance for anionic surfactants.

[0029] The carbonaceous material can preferably adsorb chloroform and anionic surfactants. Note that with the revision of JIS in 2019, volatile organic compounds other than chloroform (bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and benzene) can be alternatively tested with chloroform by the test method according to Annex A of JIS S3201:2019. Therefore, if the removal performance of chloroform can be satisfied, it can be said that volatile organic substances other than chloroform can also be removed. That is, the carbonaceous material can preferably adsorb one or more of chloroform and these volatile organic compounds. In addition, examples of the anionic surfactant include alkyl sulfonates such as sodium linear dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The carbonaceous material can preferably adsorb one or more of these anionic surfactants.

[0030] In the carbonaceous material, the pore volume (cm 3 / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less") is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less. When the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, the carbonaceous material mainly exhibits high removal performance for chloroform and the like. The carbonaceous material has a pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less of 0.16 cm 3 / g or more, so that a small pore volume effective for removing chloroform and the like with a relatively small molecular size in the micropore volume is sufficient, and the adsorption performance for chloroform and the like is remarkably improved. Also, when the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the abundance of the pore volume suitable for substances smaller than the molecular size of chloroform and the like decreases, and accordingly, the pore volume suitable for chloroform and the like increases. Therefore, the adsorption performance for chloroform and the like is remarkably improved.

[0031] In this specification, the pores of the carbonaceous material comply with the classification criteria of IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). According to the pore diameter (diameter), pores with a pore diameter of less than 2.0 nm are classified as micropores, pores with a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or more and 50.0 nm or less are classified as mesopores, and pores with a pore diameter exceeding 50.0 nm are classified as macropores. Micropores are smaller pores than mesopores and are mainly effective for the adsorption of relatively small molecules such as chloroform. Mesopores are effective for the adsorption of relatively large molecules such as anionic surfactants.

[0032] In this specification, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less or a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less is calculated by the QSDFT method (quenched solid density functional theory). The QSDFT method is an analytical method capable of calculating the pore diameter distribution of approximately 0.5 nm or more and approximately 40 nm or less, targeting the pore diameter analysis of geometrically and chemically irregular microporous and mesoporous carbon. In the QSDFT method, the influence due to the roughness and non-uniformity of the pore surface is clearly considered, so it is a method with a significantly improved accuracy of pore diameter distribution analysis. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less or a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less, reference may be made to the examples.

[0033] The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is preferably 0.18 cm 3 / g or more and 0.29 cm 3 / g or less, more preferably 0.20 cm 3 / g or more and 0.28 cm 3 / g or less, and even more preferably 0.22 cm 3 / g or more and 0.27 cm 3 / g 3 or less. When the range of the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, a carbonaceous material having a higher adsorption performance for chloroform and the like while maintaining the removal performance for anionic surfactants and the like tends to be obtained.

[0034] The iodine adsorption amount of the carbonaceous material is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less. The iodine adsorption amount is an index of the surface area of pores capable of physically adsorbing chloroform, etc. with a relatively small molecular size and anionic surfactants, etc. with a relatively large molecular size existing in the carbonaceous material. When the iodine adsorption amount of the carbonaceous material is within the above range, the carbonaceous material can exhibit high removal performance for anionic surfactants, etc. while maintaining the removal performance for chloroform, etc. When the iodine adsorption amount of the carbonaceous material is 750 mg / g or more, the pore volume of the carbonaceous material becomes sufficiently large, and the adsorption performance for chloroform, etc. and anionic surfactants, etc. is significantly improved. When the iodine adsorption amount of the carbonaceous material is 1,340 mg / g or less, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and it becomes easy to control the pores that adsorb chloroform, etc. and anionic surfactants, etc.

[0035] The iodine adsorption amount is measured and calculated in accordance with JIS K 1474 (2014). For the specific measurement and calculation method of the iodine adsorption amount, refer to the examples.

[0036] Since it has higher removal performance for chloroform, etc. and anionic surfactants, etc., the iodine adsorption amount is preferably 900 mg / g or more and 1,330 mg / g or less, and more preferably 1,000 mg / g or more and 1,310 mg / g or less.

[0037] The reactive black 5 value of the carbonaceous material is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. Reactive black 5 is a dye represented by the following formula (1) and is also referred to as C.I. Reactive Black-5.

[0038]

Chemical formula

[0039] Since Reactive Black 5 has a large molecular weight of 995.88 and a bulky structure, the pentavalent Reactive Black 5 serves as an indicator of the adsorption characteristics of anionic surfactants with relatively large molecular sizes. When the pentavalent Reactive Black 5 is within the above range, the carbonaceous material exhibits high adsorption performance especially for anionic surfactants while maintaining the removal performance for chloroform and the like. When the pentavalent Reactive Black 5 is 6.0 g / L or more, the cumulative pore volume in the large pores of the carbonaceous material does not become too large, and the carbonaceous material can also retain small pores effective for chloroform and the like. Therefore, while maintaining the removal performance for chloroform with a relatively small molecular size, it can also exhibit high removal performance for anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size. When the pentavalent Reactive Black 5 is 67.0 g / L or less, the amount of pores suitable for the adsorption of anionic surfactants with relatively large molecular sizes among the pores of the carbonaceous material increases. Therefore, the adsorption performance for anionic surfactants and the like is significantly improved.

[0040] Reactive Black 5 valence can be calculated, for example, as follows. That is, first, using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, under the conditions of a wavelength of 594 nm and an optical path length (cell length) of 10 mm, for a test solution containing Reactive Black 5, after mixing a carbonaceous material with the test solution and sufficiently adsorbing Reactive Black 5 onto the carbonaceous material, the absorbances of the residual solutions obtained by removing the carbonaceous material adsorbed with Reactive Black 5 are measured respectively. Then, using these absorbances, the residual rate (%) of Reactive Black 5 contained in the residual solution and the adsorption amount ( / g) of Reactive Black 5 per 1 g of the carbonaceous material are calculated. The Reactive Black 5 valence (g / L) is calculated as the amount of the carbonaceous material required to remove 99% of Reactive Black 5 in 1 L of the test solution using these values. In the measurement of Reactive Black 5 valence, as the carbonaceous material, it is preferable to use a carbonaceous material whose 50% particle size (D50) in terms of volume-based cumulative distribution is adjusted to be 9.0 μm or more and 11.0 μm or less. In this specification, the 50% particle size (D50) refers to the value measured as the volume-based median diameter using a laser diffraction light scattering method particle size distribution measuring device. For the specific measurement and calculation method of Reactive Black 5 valence, reference may be made to the examples.

[0041] The Reactive Black 5 valence is preferably 6.3 g / L or more and 50.0 g / L or less, more preferably 6.5 g / L or more and 40.0 g / L or less, still more preferably 7.0 g / L or more and 30.0 g / L or less, and even more preferably 7.2 g / L or more and 27.0 g / L or less. When the Reactive Black 5 valence is within the above range, there is a tendency to obtain a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance for anionic surfactants, etc., while maintaining the removal performance for chloroform, etc.

[0042] In the carbonaceous material, the pore volume (A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "pore volume with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less"), and N at -196 °C 2The ratio (A / B, hereinafter also simply referred to as "mesopore ratio") of the micropore volume (B) determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm (hereinafter also simply referred to as the "pore volume of mesopores") is preferably 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less, more preferably 3.5 or more and 7.5 or less, and still more preferably 4.0 or more and 7.0 or less.

[0043] The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less mainly serves as an index for small pores effective for relatively small-sized molecules such as chloroform. Also, the pore volume of mesopores mainly serves as an index for large pores effective for relatively large-sized molecules such as anionic surfactants. Therefore, the mesopore ratio serves as an index indicating the performance balance in the removal performance of substances such as chloroform and anionic surfactants.

[0044] When the mesopore ratio is within the above range, it becomes possible to remove a wide range of harmful substances from relatively small-sized molecules such as chloroform to relatively large-sized molecules such as anionic surfactants with equivalent performance. When the mesopore ratio is 3.0 or more, the proportion of large pores effective for the removal performance of anionic surfactants and the like becomes sufficient, and there is a tendency to exhibit high adsorption performance for anionic surfactants and the like. When the mesopore ratio is 8.0 or less, the proportion of small pores effective for the removal performance of chloroform and the like becomes sufficient, and there is a tendency to exhibit high adsorption performance for chloroform and the like. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the mesopore ratio, reference may be made to the examples.

[0045] In the carbonaceous material, the pore volume of mesopores (pore volume of mesopores) determined by the BJH method from the N adsorption isotherm at -196 °C is preferably 0.030 cm 2 / g or more and 0.140 cm 3 / g or less, more preferably 0.035 cm 3 / g or more and 0.100 cm 3 / g or less, and still more preferably 0.040 cm 3 / g or more and 0.090 cm 3 / g or less. 3

[0046] ​When the pore volume of the mesopores is 0.030 cm 3 / g or more, the carbonaceous material can have many relatively large pores that are effective against anionic surfactants and the like. When the pore volume of the mesopores is 0.140 cm 3 / g or less, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and the carbonaceous material can also have many pores effective for adsorption of chloroform and the like. Therefore, when the pore volume of the mesopores is within the above range, there is a tendency that the removal performance of chloroform and the like and the removal performance of anionic surfactants and the like can be realized at a higher level. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the pore volume of the mesopores, reference may be made to the examples.

[0047] In the carbonaceous material, the specific surface area (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "BET specific surface area") determined by the BET method from the adsorption isotherm of N 2 at -196 °C is preferably 610 m 2 / g or more and 1,400 m 2 / g or less, more preferably 800 m 2 / g or more and 1,300 m 2 / g or less, and still more preferably 900 m 2 / g or more and 1,300 m 2 / g or less.

[0048] The BET specific surface area is an index indicating the degree of progress of activation of the carbonaceous material. When the BET specific surface area is within the above range, the carbonaceous material tends to be able to achieve high removal performance against anionic surfactants and the like while maintaining the removal performance of chloroform and the like. When the BET specific surface area is 610 m 2 / g or more, the carbonaceous material has a sufficient surface area contributing to physical adsorption, and tends to obtain high adsorption performance against chloroform and the like. When the BET specific surface area is 1,400 m 2 / g or less, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and the carbonaceous material tends to have many pores effective for adsorption of anionic surfactants and the like. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the BET specific surface area, reference may be made to the examples.

[0049] In the carbonaceous material, the bulk density measured by the tapping method (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "bulk density") is preferably 0.36 g / mL or more and 0.60 g / mL or less, more preferably 0.40 g / mL or more and 0.58 g / mL or less, and still more preferably 0.44 g / mL or more and 0.55 g / mL or less. When the bulk density is within the above range, the carbonaceous material tends to achieve a higher level of adsorption performance for a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size. When the bulk density is 0.36 g / mL or more, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and it can have many effective pores for chloroform and anionic surfactants. Therefore, the carbonaceous material tends to have high adsorption performance for chloroform and anionic surfactants. When the bulk density is 0.60 g / mL or less, pores contributing to physical adsorption tend to be sufficiently present. Therefore, the carbonaceous material tends to have higher adsorption performance for chloroform and anionic surfactants. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the bulk density, reference may be made to the examples.

[0050] The shape of the carbonaceous material varies depending on the application and is not particularly limited. Such shapes include, for example, powder, lump, crushed, spherical, cylindrical, ellipsoidal, distorted, elliptical column, truncated elliptical cone, and polygonal columns such as triangular column, square column, pentagonal column, and hexagonal column, rod-shaped, thread-shaped, pellet-shaped such as solid pellet and hollow pellet, crushed such as powder, substrate-shaped (sheet-shaped), woven cloth (cross)-shaped, fibrous such as felt-shaped, and block-shaped.

[0051] The shape of the carbonaceous material is preferably a shape applicable as the carbonaceous material in known adsorption filters. Such shapes include, for example, crushed shapes such as spherical, ellipsoidal, distorted, rod-shaped, thread-shaped, pellet-shaped, and powder-shaped, substrate shapes (sheet shapes), woven fabric (cloth) shapes, fibrous shapes, and block shapes. These shapes can be appropriately selected according to the specific usage mode. Among these, since the adsorption performance per unit volume is high, the shape of the carbonaceous material is preferably a crushed shape, and more preferably a powder shape. In the case of a powdered carbonaceous material, its dimensions are not particularly limited, and the particle size and the like can be appropriately adjusted according to the specific usage mode.

[0052] In this specification, the crushed shape refers to particles having an irregular shape and usually having any angular shape. Also, the powder shape refers to, for example, fine powder, powder, fine granular, and granular powders, and usually, the 50% particle size (D50) of the cumulative distribution based on volume is 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

[0053] For example, when using the carbonaceous material as an adsorption filter of a water purifier, although it varies depending on the application and is not particularly limited, its shape is preferably cylindrical and substrate-shaped (sheet-shaped). When the carbonaceous material has such a shape, it tends to be possible to efficiently use the carbonaceous material as an adsorption filter of a water purifier.

[0054] The carbonaceous material is preferably activated carbon.

[0055] [Manufacturing method of carbonaceous material] The carbonaceous material of this embodiment can be obtained by a known manufacturing method.

[0056] Such methods include, for example, pyrolysis method, activation method, coating method, and vapor deposition method. As the manufacturing method, it is preferable to use the activation method. By using these manufacturing methods, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3It is 1340 mg / g or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material having an iodine adsorption amount of 750 mg / g or more and 1340 mg / g or less and a reactive black pentavalent of 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.

[0057] The method for producing the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment includes a carbonization step of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide, and an activation step of subjecting the carbide to an activation treatment to obtain an activated product. The method for producing the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment preferably includes a washing step of washing the activated product.

[0058] (Carbonization step) The method for producing a carbonaceous material includes a carbonization step of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide. The raw material is not particularly limited as long as it can obtain a desired carbonaceous material. Examples of the raw material include plant-based raw materials or fossil-based raw materials such as wood, wood powder, fruit shells such as coconut shells, palm kernels, seeds such as ume and peach, by-products during pulp production, bagasse, molasses, coal (such as peat, lignite, brown coal, and bituminous coal), anthracite, petroleum distillation residue components, petroleum pitch, coke, and coal tar; various synthetic resins such as phenolic resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, melamine resin, urea resin, resorcinol resin, celluloid, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, and polyamide resin; synthetic rubbers such as polybutylene, polybutadiene, and polychloroprene; other synthetic woods; synthetic pulp, and the like. These raw materials can be used alone or, depending on the required specifications, two or more kinds can be mixed and used in any ratio.

[0059] The raw material is preferably a natural product, more preferably a coconut shell. By using such a raw material, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material having an iodine adsorption amount of 750 mg / g or more and 1340 mg / g or less and a reactive black pentavalent of 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.

[0060] The raw materials may contain additives or the like as necessary. Further, additives or the like may be added to the carbide as necessary. Examples of such additives or the like include water, coal tar, tar anhydride, hard pitch, coal tar-based pitch, and petroleum-based pitch. The additives or the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The additives or the like are each usually blended in an amount of 1.0 part by mass or more and 50.0 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the raw material or the carbide. Further, the total amount of the additives or the like is usually 1 part by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the raw material or the carbide. When mixing the raw material or the carbide and the additive, if necessary, the oxygen amount in the raw material or the carbide may be adjusted in the range of 1.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less based on 100% by mass of the raw material or the carbide. The adjustment of the oxygen amount can be carried out, for example, by mixing the raw material or the carbide and oxygen under heating at 150°C or higher and 300°C or lower.

[0061] In the method for producing the carbonaceous material, the raw material may be pulverized or formed before carbonizing the raw material. Examples of such methods include a method in which the raw material is pulverized into a powder using a known pulverizer and then carbonized before carbonizing the raw material. Further, a method in which the raw material is formed into pellets by a known method and then carbonized before carbonizing the raw material can be mentioned.

[0062] When the shape of the raw material is powder, the particle size of the powder (50% particle size of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) is preferably 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

[0063] The carbonization method of the raw material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of heating to 300°C or higher and 900°C or lower, preferably 400°C or higher and 800°C or lower, under oxygen-free conditions.

[0064] The carbonization time can be appropriately set according to the raw materials and the equipment for carbonization. The carbonization time is, for example, 15 minutes or more and 20 hours or less, preferably 30 minutes or more and 10 hours or less, and more preferably 60 minutes or more and 5 hours or less. The carbonization treatment can be carried out using known manufacturing equipment such as a rotary kiln. Further, the carbonization treatment may be carried out under reduced pressure by excluding air, or may be carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0065] In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, a carbide may be pulverized into a powder using a known pulverizer. Thereby, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material. In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, after pulverizing the carbide into a powder, an additive or the like may be added to the powdered carbide as necessary and kneaded by a known method, and the obtained kneaded product may be molded by a known method.

[0066] When the shape of the carbide is in powder form, the particle size of the carbide (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) is preferably 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

[0067] In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, a carbide, a powdered carbide, a kneaded product, or a powdered kneaded product may be molded into a cylindrical pellet shape using a known method. Thereby, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material. When the carbide is in the shape of a cylindrical pellet, the diameter of the cylindrical pellet is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 4.0 mm or less. Further, the aspect ratio (diameter: height) of the cylindrical pellet is preferably 1:1 to 1:10.

[0068] By the above carbonization step, the carbide of the raw material is obtained.

[0069] The method for producing the carbonaceous material may include a washing step and / or a drying step of performing a washing treatment and / or a drying treatment, etc. on the carbide after the carbonization step. The conditions in these steps are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be adopted. Also, the following washing step and drying step may be referred to.

[0070] (Activation step) The method for producing the carbonaceous material includes an activation step of subjecting the carbide to an activation treatment to obtain an activated product.

[0071] As the activation treatment, a known method can be adopted.

[0072] For the activation treatment, known production equipment such as a rotary kiln, a fluidized furnace, and a sleep furnace (vertical furnace) can be used. Also, the activation treatment may be performed under reduced pressure by excluding air, or may be performed under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0073] The activation treatment is preferably performed using a rotary kiln. By using a rotary kiln, the activated product whose mass has become lighter as the activation of the carbide progresses can stay in the kiln furnace without scattering outside the furnace. Therefore, the carbide can be more sufficiently activated, and there is a tendency to obtain an activated product in which micropores and mesopores are sufficiently developed and the ratio of these pores is controlled within a suitable range.

[0074] Also, by using a rotary kiln, it becomes possible to efficiently bring the carbide into contact with the active gas. As a result, there is a tendency to preferably produce a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance with respect to chloroform, etc. and anionic surfactants, etc.

[0075] When performing the activation treatment using a rotary kiln, the carbide introduced into the rotary kiln preferably has a particle size of 70 mesh (mesh opening size: 243 μm) or more and 2 mesh or less (mesh opening size: 10.7 mm) on a standard sieve mesh specified in JIS Z8801-1:2019, and more preferably has a particle size of 32 mesh (mesh opening size: 490 μm) or more and 2 mesh or less (mesh opening size: 10.7 mm). By the carbide having a particle size within the above range, the activated product whose mass has become lighter as the activation of the carbide progresses stays in the kiln more, and it becomes possible to perform the activation more efficiently. As the carbide, carbide whose particle size is adjusted by cutting the raw material into a desired size in advance before the carbonization process may be used, or carbide whose particle size is adjusted by crushing and classifying the carbide into a desired size may be used.

[0076] Examples of the activation treatment method include a gas activation method in which a carbide is gasified using an active gas such as water vapor gas, oxygen gas, and carbon dioxide gas, and a chemical activation method in which a carbide is activated using a chemical such as zinc chloride and phosphoric acid. As the activation treatment method, the gas activation method is preferred. By using an active gas as the gas activation method, it tends to have a more sufficient reaction rate and can control the reaction rate without further reducing the production efficiency. Therefore, it tends to be easier to obtain a carbonaceous material with developed micropores and mesopores. As a result, it tends to be possible to suitably produce a carbonaceous material having a higher adsorption performance for a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to an anionic surfactant with a relatively large molecular size. Note that an inert gas such as nitrogen may be used in combination with the active gas.

[0077] The partial pressure of the active gas is, for example, 10% or more and 100% or less, and preferably 30% or more and 100% or less.

[0078] As the active gas, it is preferable to use one or more selected from the group consisting of water vapor gas and oxygen gas, and it is more preferable to use both water vapor gas and oxygen gas.

[0079] Steam gas tends to have a more sufficient reaction rate and can better control the reaction rate without further reducing production efficiency. Also, by using steam gas, it tends to be easier to obtain a carbonaceous material with developed micropores and mesopores. Therefore, it tends to be possible to suitably produce a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance for chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like.

[0080] Also, usually, since the activation reaction is an endothermic reaction, in order to make the activation reaction proceed more efficiently, a certain amount of heat or more is required. To maintain that amount of heat, it is preferable to use oxygen gas together with steam gas as the active gas. By the volatile gas generated during the activation reaction reacting with oxygen gas and burning, it becomes possible to maintain the amount of heat required for activation. Note that examples of the volatile gas include combustible gases such as hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas generated by activating carbides.

[0081] When steam gas and oxygen gas are used as the active gas, the gas partial pressure of steam is preferably 25.0 vol% or more and 55.0 vol% or less, and more preferably 33.0 vol% or more and 47.0 vol% or less. The oxygen gas partial pressure is preferably 1.0 vol% or more and 10.0 vol% or less, and more preferably 3.0 vol% or more and 7.0 vol% or less. In addition, as other gases, an inert gas such as nitrogen may be included. In that case, the partial pressure of the inert gas is preferably 35.0 vol% or more and 74.0 vol% or less, and more preferably 46.0 vol% or more and 64.0 vol% or less. When their ratios are within the above ranges, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black 5 valence is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and it tends to be easier to produce a carbonaceous material.

[0082] When using water vapor gas and oxygen gas as the active gases, their flow rates are preferably 10 liters (L) or more and 300 liters (L) or less in total per minute.

[0083] The activation treatment time can be appropriately set according to conditions such as the raw material, activation temperature, and manufacturing equipment. As the activation time, for example, it is 10 minutes or more and 36 hours or less, preferably 30 minutes or more and 24 hours or less, more preferably 60 minutes or more and 12 hours or less, still more preferably 100 minutes or more and 360 minutes or less, and even more preferably 120 minutes or more and 300 minutes or less. When the activation time is within the above range, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0084] The activation treatment temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 800 °C or more and 1,250 °C or less, more preferably 850 °C or more and 1,150 °C or less. By performing the activation treatment at such a temperature, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0085] Examples of the activation device for performing the activation treatment include a rotary kiln as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view I and a side view II of the rotary kiln. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the rotary kiln.

[0086] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a rotary kiln generally includes a tubular body 1 and stirring blades A to F arranged on the inner wall surface of the tubular body 1. The active gas is usually fed from one side to the other side, that is, in the case of a rotary kiln as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is fed toward the flow direction 2 of the active gas in the tubular body 1.

[0087] The material of the tubular body 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used for a rotary kiln. For example, stainless steel can be mentioned.

[0088] In FIGS. 1 and 2, the number of stirring blades is six, but it can be appropriately adjusted according to the charging amount of the carbide 5 as the raw material. The number of stirring blades is usually 1 or more and 20 or less, preferably 3 or more and 12 or less, and more preferably 5 or more and 10 or less. Also, the stirring blades are preferably installed at equal intervals around the central axis of the tubular body 1. For example, if the number of stirring blades is six, they will be installed at 60° intervals around the central axis of the tubular body 1.

[0089] The height of the stirring blade (the height in the direction from the wall of the tubular body 1 toward the center) can be appropriately set according to the size of the tubular body 1 and the charging amount of the carbide 5, but it is preferable that the stirring blade has a height such that it can be visually recognized without being covered by the carbide 5 charged into the tubular body 1. Specifically, when the stirring blade is located at the bottommost surface of the tubular body 1 (the position of the stirring blade B in the right figure of FIG. 2), it is preferable that the stirring blade is covered by the carbide 5 by 1 / 2 or more and 2 / 3 or less from the bottommost surface. The height of the stirring blade is more preferably 10% or more and 30% or less with respect to the inner radius of the tubular body 1.

[0090] The thickness of the stirring blade (the thickness in the rotational direction 3 of the tubular body 1) can be appropriately set according to the size of the tubular body 1 and the charging amount of the carbide 5, but it is preferable that the stirring blade has a thickness such that it will not be damaged by the carbide 5 charged into the tubular body 1. Specifically, the thickness of the stirring blade is usually 1% or more and 100% or less, preferably 20% or more and 90% or less, and more preferably 30% or more and 95% or less with respect to the wall thickness of the tubular body 1.

[0091] The material of the stirring blades is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used for a rotary kiln. For example, stainless steel can be mentioned.

[0092] By arranging the stirring blades in the pipe body 1 in this way, the contact efficiency between the carbide 5 and the active gas tends to be further improved. From this, it tends to be easier to manufacture a carbonaceous material having a desired specific surface area.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 2, an appropriate amount of carbide 5 is charged inside the pipe body 1. Then, as the pipe body 1 rotates in the rotation direction 3 of the pipe body, for example, the carbide 5 collected by the stirring blade A is lifted by the stirring blade A, and then, while being mixed beyond the stirring blade A toward the falling direction 4 of the carbide, it comes into contact with the active gas and is activated, and is collected between the stirring blades A and B. By rotating the pipe body 1 in this way, the carbide 5 is mixed while passing beyond the stirring blades A to F, and is efficiently and uniformly brought into contact with the active gas and activated. From this, it tends to be easier to manufacture a carbonaceous material having a desired pore size distribution.

[0094] In this way, by using a rotary kiln as the activation device, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and it tends to be easier to manufacture a carbonaceous material.

[0095] By the above activation step, an activated product is obtained.

[0096] The method for producing a carbonaceous material may include a washing step and / or a drying step, etc., in which the activated product is subjected to a washing treatment and / or a drying treatment, etc., after the activation step. The conditions in these steps are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be adopted. Also, the following washing step and drying step may be referred to.

[0097] (Washing Process) The carbonaceous material is preferably obtained through a washing process of washing the activated product obtained in the activation process. As the washing, acid washing is more preferable. By undergoing such a washing process, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0098] Examples of the type of acid used for acid washing include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid; organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid. These acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0099] The acid concentration, and the temperature and time in acid washing may be appropriately adjusted so that the target carbonaceous material can be obtained.

[0100] (Drying Process) The carbonaceous material is preferably obtained through a drying process of drying the washed product obtained in the washing process.

[0101] The drying method is not particularly limited, and known drying methods such as natural drying, heat drying, and hot air drying can be used. As the drying method, a method of heating and / or reducing the pressure is preferable. As the method of drying by heating, from the point that there is no uneven drying and it can be stably dried, the drying method by hot air is preferable. Under the drying conditions, it is preferable to dry until the moisture content of the carbonaceous material becomes 20.0 mass% or less, and more preferably until it becomes 10.0 mass% or less.

[0102] Examples of the heating method include heating methods using a stationary constant-temperature dryer, a stationary hot-air dryer, a vacuum dryer, a rotary evaporator, a hybrid dryer such as a conical dryer or a Nauta dryer. The heating temperature may be any temperature at which the carbonaceous material hardens and does not melt. For example, a temperature of 40°C or higher and 300°C or lower is preferred.

[0103] Examples of the pressure reduction method include pressure reduction methods using an oil pump, an oil-free pump, an aspirator, etc. The pressure in the pressure reduction method is usually 0.00001 MPa or higher and 0.05 MPa or lower.

[0104] The drying time depends on the drying temperature but is usually about 1 minute or longer and 20 hours or shorter.

[0105] The carbonaceous material thus obtained may be used as it is, or if necessary, by known methods, particle size adjustment by crushing, pulverizing, and classifying; for example, purification by additional washing using water, an organic solvent, an acid aqueous solution, and an alkaline aqueous solution; durability imparting and structure adjustment by additional heat treatment may be carried out to obtain a carbonaceous material.

[0106] It is preferable to adjust the particle size of the carbonaceous material so that its particle size (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) is 20 μm or more and 500 μm or less. When the particle size of the carbonaceous material is within the above range, the carbonaceous material can be suitably used for applications such as those exemplified below.

[0107] [Applications] The carbonaceous material can be suitably used for various applications such as removing, adsorbing, concentrating, and recovering chloroform and anionic surfactants. Such applications may be applications that appropriately combine the operations of removal, adsorption, concentration, and recovery. Examples of such applications include water purification equipment such as adsorption filters, water purifier cartridges, water purifiers, packed towers, household drinking water treatment, water treatment and purification in industrial processes, and wastewater treatment.

[0108] The carbonaceous material is suitably used for removing chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like.

[0109] [Method for Removing Chloroform and the Like and Anionic Surfactants and the Like] The method for removing chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like includes a removal step of removing chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like using the carbonaceous material. Chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like are removed, for example, by being adsorbed onto the carbonaceous material. In the removal method, in addition to using the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment as the carbonaceous material, it may have the same steps as known methods for removing chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like, adsorption methods, concentration methods, and recovery methods.

[0110] [Adsorption Filter] The adsorption filter of the present embodiment contains the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment. Further, the adsorption filter is preferably for a water purifier.

[0111] Since the adsorption filter contains the carbonaceous material, it is possible to adsorb a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform and the like with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants and the like with a relatively large molecular size with equivalent performance. Therefore, for example, by installing the adsorption filter in a water purifier, it is possible to efficiently remove chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like contained in water.

[0112] The adsorption filter preferably contains a carbonaceous material and a fibrous binder.

[0113] Examples of the fibrous binder include those that can entangle and shape the carbonaceous material by fibrillation. Such fibrous binders may be synthetic products or natural products. Examples of the fibrous binder include acrylic fiber, polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, cellulose fiber, nylon fiber, aramid fiber, and pulp.

[0114] The fibrous binder may be used alone or in appropriate combination of two or more kinds. As the fibrous binder, polyacrylonitrile fiber and / or pulp are preferably used. By using these fibrous binders, the density of the adsorption filter and the strength of the adsorption filter can be further increased, and the performance degradation can be suppressed.

[0115] Since the adsorption filter can achieve a higher level of compatibility in the removal performance of chloroform and other substances and anionic surfactants and other substances, the adsorption filter preferably contains the fibrous binder in an amount of 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the carbonaceous material. The lower limit is usually 0.01 part by mass or more. In addition, when the adsorption filter contains other functional components described later, the "100 parts by mass of the carbonaceous material" in terms of the filter composition may be read as "100 parts by mass in total of the carbonaceous material and other functional components" and applied accordingly.

[0116] The adsorption filter may contain other functional components as long as the effects of the present embodiment are not inhibited. Examples of such other functional components include lead adsorbents such as titanosilicate and zeolite-based powder that can adsorb and remove soluble lead; ion exchange resins; chelate resins; and various adsorbents containing silver ions and / or silver compounds for imparting antibacterial properties.

[0117] When water is passed through the adsorption filter, the water passage is usually carried out at a space velocity (SV) of 300 / hr or more and 6500 / hr or less so that the pressure loss does not become extremely large. The performance of the adsorption filter can be confirmed by plotting the relationship between each removal rate calculated from the concentrations of the substances to be removed in the raw water and the permeated water, the amount of water (L) flowed from the start of water passage, and the ratio of the cumulative permeated water volume L / mL to the volume (mL) of the clean water cartridge.

[0118] (Filtration capacity) In this specification, the filtration capacity is defined as the amount of water (L) that can be passed through the adsorption filter until the removal rate of the target substance to be removed reaches 80% when water is passed through the adsorption filter. The water passing is carried out at a space velocity (SV) of 3000 / hr.

[0119] (Chloroform Filtration Capacity) The chloroform filtration capacity can be measured with reference to the volatile organic compound removal performance test in the test method specified in the "Test Method for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019. Specifically, the test water is set to a chloroform concentration of 0.060 ± 0.012 (mg / L) and a water temperature of 20°C ± 3°C, and water is passed through the carbonaceous material or the adsorption filter. The test raw water and the filtered water are analyzed by headspace-gas chromatography, and the removal rate (%) is obtained from the test raw water concentration (mg / L) and the filtered water concentration (mg / L), and the filtration capacity can be obtained by plotting the removal rate (%) against the integrated water passing amount (L).

[0120] Since the adsorption filter of this embodiment is excellent in filtration capacity, usually, the chloroform filtration capacity measured in accordance with JIS S3201:2019 is 3 5.0 L or more per 1 cm of the carbonaceous material, preferably 6.5 L or more, and more preferably 8.0 L or more.

[0121] (Anionic Surfactant Filtration Capacity) The anionic surfactant filtration capacity can be measured using the anionic surfactant removal performance test in the test method specified in the "Test Method for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019. Specifically, the test water is set to an anionic surfactant concentration of 0.20 ± 0.04 (mg / L) and a water temperature of 20°C ± 3°C, and water is passed through the carbonaceous material or the adsorption filter. The test raw water and the filtered water are analyzed by solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography, and the removal rate (%) is obtained from the test raw water concentration (mg / L) and the filtered water concentration (mg / L), and the filtration capacity can be obtained by plotting the removal rate (%) against the integrated water passing amount (L).

[0122] Since the adsorption filter of this embodiment has excellent filtration ability, the adsorption filter usually has an anionic surfactant filtration ability of 5.0 L or more, preferably 8.0 L or more, and more preferably 10.0 L or more per 1 cm of the carbonaceous material, measured in accordance with JIS S3201:2019. 3 per centimeter of the carbonaceous material, preferably 8.0 L or more, and more preferably 10.0 L or more.

[0123] 〔Water Purifier Cartridge〕 The water purifier cartridge of this embodiment contains the carbonaceous material of this embodiment. The water purifier cartridge may have the same configuration as a known water purifier cartridge except for containing the carbonaceous material of this embodiment. By containing the carbonaceous material, the water purifier cartridge can efficiently remove chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants contained in water. Therefore, for example, by installing the water purifier cartridge in a household water purifier, it is possible to efficiently remove various harmful substances described in the "Test Method for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019, particularly chloroform and anionic surfactants.

[0124] Examples of the water purification cartridge include a cartridge filled with a carbonaceous material in a housing and a cartridge filled with an adsorption filter in a housing. In addition to the carbonaceous material or adsorption filter according to this embodiment, the water purification cartridge may include a combination of a known non-woven fabric filter, various adsorbents, mineral additives, ceramic filter materials, and hollow fiber membranes.

[0125] [Device] The device includes a carbonaceous material. The device may have the same configuration as a known device except for using the carbonaceous material of this embodiment as the carbonaceous material.

[0126] The functions of the carbonaceous material are utilized by the device containing it. The device is preferably a processing device. In this specification, the "processing device" refers to any device that can remove, adsorb, concentrate, and recover chloroform and other substances and anionic surfactants contained in objects to be processed such as wastewater, waste liquid, and oil by the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment, and is not particularly limited. Such a processing device may be a device that appropriately combines the operations of removal, adsorption, concentration, and recovery. Examples of such processing devices include devices containing an adsorption filter, column, tank or bath, tube, water purifier cartridge, cylinder, and sheet (hereinafter also simply referred to as "filter etc. containing carbonaceous material") containing carbonaceous material, packed towers, and filtration devices, adsorption measures, and concentration devices such as water purifiers. Examples of such devices include household drinking water treatment devices, water treatment devices and purification devices in industrial processes, and wastewater treatment devices.

[0127] The device includes, for example, an adsorption section for bringing chloroform and other substances and anionic surfactants into contact with the carbonaceous material. In the adsorption section, an adsorbent other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment may be included as necessary. Examples of such adsorbents include activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, activated alumina, non-woven fabric, and porous organic compounds other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment.

[0128] Examples of filtration devices include water purifiers, cartridge-type filtration devices, membrane treatment devices, and ultrafiltration membrane devices containing carbonaceous material.

[0129] The processing device may be provided with other adsorption filters together with an adsorption filter etc. containing carbonaceous material. Examples of such other adsorption filters include metal filters made of stainless steel, aluminum, bronze, copper, titanium, nickel, etc.; resin filters made of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, fluororesin, etc.

[0130] In addition, the processing device can be either batch type or continuous type, and the carbonaceous material can be used in either mode.

[0131] 〔Water purifier〕 The water purifier of this embodiment includes the carbonaceous material of this embodiment.

[0132] The water purifier is manufactured using a carbonaceous material or an adsorption filter. By including an adsorption filter, the water purifier can remove a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, with equivalent performance. Therefore, the water purifier can be suitably used for faucet devices and kitchens.

[0133] The water purifier is preferably provided with a water purification cartridge, and the water purification cartridge is preferably configured using the carbonaceous material or the adsorption filter according to this embodiment. As the configuration of such a water purification cartridge, for example, the above water purifier cartridge may be referred to.

[0134] (Water purification method) The water purification method is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use the water purifier of this embodiment. The water purification method is not particularly restricted, and known methods can be adopted.

[0135] 〔Water purification equipment〕 The water purification equipment of this embodiment includes the carbonaceous material of this embodiment. By including the carbonaceous material, the water purification equipment can achieve high-level removal performance for both free residual chlorine and anionic surfactants.

[0136] Examples of water purification equipment include water purification equipment such as pure water production devices, ultrapure water devices, and water purification plants, wastewater treatment equipment in general industry, and water purification equipment in pharmaceuticals and food.

Examples

[0137] Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples are shown to more specifically explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited by these examples in any way.

[0138] 〔Evaluation Method〕

[0139] (1) Pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less · Measurement of nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using BELSORP-MAX Using a specific surface area / pore size distribution measuring device (BELSORP (registered trademark)-MAX (product name) manufactured by Microtrac BEL Co., Ltd.), after heating the carbonaceous material under vacuum conditions at 300 °C for 3 hours, the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm under the condition of a temperature of 77 K was measured.

[0140] · Measurement of pore volume The pore volume (cm 3 / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less among the micropores calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm was calculated as follows. Specifically, using the value of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm obtained by the above-mentioned "Measurement of nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using BELSORP-MAX", and applying N 2 at 77K carbon[slit pore / cyl.pore (QSDFT Ads.model)] as the Caluculation model to calculate the pore size distribution, the pore volume (cm 3 / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less was calculated.

[0141] (2) Iodine adsorption amount (iodine adsorption performance) The iodine adsorption amount (mg / g) of the carbonaceous material was measured and calculated. Specifically, the measurement of the iodine adsorption amount was carried out in accordance with JIS K1474 (2014). That is, first, in accordance with JIS Z8801-1, the carbonaceous material was pulverized until it passed through a 45 μm sieve by 90% or more, and then dried in a constant temperature dryer (DVS402 (product name) manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) at 115 °C for 3 hours. Then, it was allowed to cool to room temperature in a desiccator using silica gel as a desiccant, and the carbonaceous material after cooling was obtained.

[0142] On the one hand, 25.0 g of potassium iodide (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) and 13.0 g of iodine (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) were dissolved in approximately 1 L of distilled water to prepare an iodine solution. The iodine solution was titrated with a 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation), and distilled water was appropriately added to the iodine solution to prepare a 0.05 mol / L iodine solution.

[0143] Next, an arbitrary amount of the carbonaceous material after cooling (an amount such that the iodine residual concentration in the supernatant of the following filtrate is approximately 2.5 g / L) was weighed and placed in a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask with a stopper. Further, 50 mL of the above 0.05 mol / L iodine solution was added in its entirety using a pipette. At room temperature (20 °C or higher and 30 °C or lower), using a shaker (medium-sized shaker reciprocating shaker NR-10 (trade name) manufactured by Taitec Corporation), it was shaken at 200 times / min for 15 minutes to adsorb iodine onto the carbonaceous material and obtain a mixed solution. Thereafter, the mixed solution was filtered using a cellulose mixed ester membrane filter (A045A025A (trade name) manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a filtrate. 10 mL of the supernatant of the filtrate was collected in its entirety using a pipette and titrated with a 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, factor: 1.000), and the iodine residual concentration was calculated according to the following formula (I). Iodine residual concentration (g / L) = amount of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution used for titration (mL) × factor of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution × 12.69 / 10 ··· (I)

[0144] The iodine adsorption amount per 1 g of the carbonaceous material was calculated according to the following formula (II). Iodine adsorption amount per 1 g of carbonaceous material = (10 × factor of 0.05 mol / L iodine solution - amount of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution used for titration (mL) × factor of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution) × 12.69 × 5 / mass of carbonaceous material (g) ··· (II)

[0145] The factor of the 0.05 mol / L iodine solution was calculated by formula (III). Factor of 0.05 mol / L iodine solution = (amount (mL) of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution used in titration × factor of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution) / 10 ··· (III)

[0146] From the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, an adsorption isotherm was created with the iodine residual concentration on the horizontal axis and the iodine adsorption amount per 1 g of the carbonaceous material on the vertical axis, and the iodine adsorption amount (mg / g) per 1 g of the carbonaceous material at an iodine residual concentration of 2.5 g / L was calculated. This iodine adsorption amount was regarded as the iodine adsorption performance.

[0147] (3) Reactive Black 5 The reactive black 5 (g / L) of the carbonaceous material was measured. Specifically, first, the carbonaceous material was pulverized so that the volume-based cumulative distribution 50% particle size (D50) was about 10.0 μm or less, and dried in a constant temperature dryer (Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd. DVS402 (trade name)) at 115 °C for 3 hours. Then, it was allowed to cool to room temperature in a desiccator using silica gel as a desiccant, and the carbonaceous material after cooling was obtained.

[0148] On one hand, a test solution A containing a phosphate buffer and reactive black 5 (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich) was prepared as follows. That is, first, 7.26 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) and 28.66 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) were dissolved in 2 L of distilled water to prepare a phosphate buffer (pH: 7.0). Then, for 1 L of the obtained phosphate buffer, reactive black 5 was added in the range of about 0.5 g or more and 1.2 g or less to prepare test solution A. At that time, the amount of reactive black 5 was prepared as follows. That is, the amount of reactive black 5 added to 1 L of the phosphate buffer was appropriately adjusted so that the absorbance of the solution obtained by diluting the obtained test solution A 20-fold with distilled water was in the range of 1.18 or more and 1.23 or less. The absorbance was the absorbance at a wavelength of 594 nm and was measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (double-beam spectrophotometer U-2910 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation) using a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm. In addition, the solution obtained by diluting the test solution A obtained as described above 20-fold was used as test solution B, and that test solution B was used for the following absorbance measurement.

[0149] Next, an arbitrary mass (an amount such that the residual rate of reactive black 5 contained in the filtrate is about 10% according to the following formula (V)) of the above-mentioned carbonaceous material after cooling was taken in a 100 mL conical flask with a stopper, and the carbonaceous material was added to 50 mL of test solution A prepared above. Using a shaking thermostatic bath (water bath shaker MM-10 (trade name) manufactured by Taitec Corporation), it was shaken in a water bath at 40 °C at a speed of 150 times / min for 5 hours to obtain a mixed solution. Then, the mixed solution was filtered using a membrane filter (DISMIC (registered trademark) 25HP045AN (trade name) manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a filtrate.

[0150] Using a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm, the absorbances of the obtained test solution B and the filtrate were measured at a wavelength of 594 nm each with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (double-beam spectrophotometer U-2910 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation). Using these absorbances, the adsorption amount of reactive black 5 per 1 g of the carbonaceous material (hereinafter simply referred to as "RB5 adsorption amount per 1 g of carbonaceous material ( / g)") was calculated by the following formula (IV). RB5 adsorption amount per 1 g of carbonaceous material ( / g) = (absorbance of test solution B at a wavelength of 594 nm × 20 - absorbance of filtrate at a wavelength of 594 nm) / mass of carbonaceous material (g) ··· (IV)

[0151] Also, the residual rate of reactive black 5 contained in the filtrate (hereinafter simply referred to as "RB5 residual rate (%)") was calculated by the following formula (V). RB5 residual rate (%) = (absorbance of filtrate at a wavelength of 594 nm / absorbance of test solution B at a wavelength of 594 nm × 20) × 100 ··· (V)

[0152] Next, a power approximation curve was created using the RB5 residual rate (%) on the horizontal axis and the RB5 adsorption amount per 1 g of the carbonaceous material ( / g) on the vertical axis. Using the power approximation formula, the adsorption amount of reactive black 5 at an RB5 residual rate of 1% (hereinafter simply referred to as "RB5 adsorption amount at an RB5 residual rate of 1% ( / g)") was obtained, and the reactive black 5 valence (g / L) was calculated by formula (VI). Reactive black 5 valence (g / L) = (absorbance of test solution B at a wavelength of 594 nm × 20 × 0.99 / RB5 adsorption amount at an RB5 residual rate of 1% ( / g)) / 0.05 (L) ··· (VI) Note that 0.05 (L) in formula (VI) is the amount of the test solution.

[0153] (4) Mesopore ratio · Measurement of pore volume with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less The pore volume (cm 3 / g) was calculated as follows. Specifically, using the values of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm obtained by "Measurement of nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using BELSORP-MAX" at the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less, and applying N 2 at 77K carbon [slit pore / cyl.pore (QSDFT Ads.model)] to calculate the pore size distribution, the pore volume (cm 3 / g) with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less was calculated.

[0154] ·Measurement of the pore volume of mesopores - The pore volume (cm 2 / g) of the mesopores of the carbonaceous material determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N 3 at -196 °C was measured. Specifically, using the nitrogen adsorption isotherm used in the following measurement of the BET specific surface area, a curve was obtained by BJH analysis in the region where the relative pressure P / P0 is 0.385 or more and 0.99 or less. From the obtained curve, the cumulative pore volume for each pore diameter was calculated, and the pore volume of the mesopores with a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or more and 50.0 nm or less was calculated by subtracting the cumulative pore volume with a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or less from the cumulative pore volume with a pore diameter of up to 50.0 nm.

[0155] ·Calculation of the mesopore ratio The mesopore ratio of the carbonaceous material was calculated. Specifically, the mesopore ratio (A / B) of the carbonaceous material was calculated from the following formula (VII) using the pore volume (cm 3 / g) (A) with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less and the pore volume (cm 3 / g) (B) of the mesopores. Mesopore ratio (A / B) of carbonaceous material = Pore volume (A) with pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less / Pore volume (B) of mesopores ··· (VII)

[0156] (5) Pore volume of mesopores - The pore volume (cm 2 / g) of the mesopores of the carbonaceous material determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N 3(g) was measured and calculated by "measurement of the pore volume of mesopores" at the above mesopore ratio.

[0157] (6) BET specific surface area - The specific surface area (m 2 / g) of the carbonaceous material determined by the BET method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm at -196 °C was measured. 2 / g) was measured. Specifically, the BET specific surface area (m 2 / g) was determined as follows. That is, first, a specific surface area / pore distribution measuring device (BELSORP (registered trademark)-miniII (product name) manufactured by MicrotracBEL Corporation) was used, and the carbonaceous material was heated at 250 °C for 3 hours under reduced pressure (vacuum degree: 0.1 kPa or less), and then the nitrogen adsorption isotherm of the carbonaceous material at -196 °C was measured. Using the obtained nitrogen adsorption isotherm, by BET analysis, a straight line in the region of relative pressure P / P0 = 0.01 or more and 0.10 or less was obtained from the obtained curve by the multipoint method, and the BET specific surface area was calculated from this straight line.

[0158] (7) Bulk density The bulk density (g / mL) of the carbonaceous material measured by the tapping method was calculated. Specifically, first, the carbonaceous material was dried in a constant temperature dryer (DVS402 (product name) manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) at 115 °C for 3 hours. Then, it was allowed to cool to room temperature in a desiccator using silica gel as a desiccant, and the carbonaceous material after cooling was obtained.

[0159] Weighed 5.0 g of the carbonaceous material after the above-mentioned cooling, roughly divided it into three equal parts, and put a part (about 1 / 3 of the amount) of the carbonaceous material into a 150 mL graduated cylinder (inner diameter: 31 mm, manufactured by Tsutsui Rikagaku Kikai Co., Ltd.). A rubber stopper was attached to the graduated cylinder and set on an automatic tapping device (powder reduction degree measuring machine TPM-3A type (trade name) manufactured by Tsutsui Rikagaku Kikai Co., Ltd.), and tapping was performed for 1 minute at a vibration amplitude of 45 mm and a vibration frequency of 35 - 36 times / minute. After the tapping was completed, another part (about 1 / 3 of the amount) of the carbonaceous material, which was previously divided into three equal parts, was further added to the graduated cylinder, a rubber stopper was attached, and tapping was performed for 1 minute under the same conditions as above. Then, the last part (about 1 / 3 of the amount) of the carbonaceous material, which was previously divided into three equal parts, was further added to the graduated cylinder, a rubber stopper was attached, and tapping was performed for 30 minutes under the same conditions as above.

[0160] After the tapping was completed, the rubber stopper was removed, the upper surface of the sample in the graduated cylinder was flattened with a spatula or the like, and the sample volume (mL) was visually measured from the scale of the graduated cylinder. Using the measured sample volume, the packing density measured by the tapping method was calculated according to the following formula (VIII). Packing density (g / mL) = mass of carbonaceous material (g) / measured sample volume (mL) ··· (VIII)

[0161] (8) Chloroform filtration capacity Under the test conditions of the chloroform filtration capacity test specified in "Test Methods for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019, the chloroform filtration capacity (L / cm 3 ) of the carbonaceous material was calculated. Note that for the filtration capacity test, a downward-flow water column made of Duracon (registered trademark) (polyacetal) (self-designed and machined product, inner diameter φ50 mm, and height 60 mm) was filled with 50 cm of the carbonaceous material 3 and the test was carried out at a filtration flow rate of 3.0 L / min.

[0162] (9) Anionic surfactant filtration capacity Under the test conditions of the anionic surfactant filtration capacity test specified in "Test Methods for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019, the anionic surfactant filtration capacity (L / cm 3 ) of the carbonaceous material was calculated. Note that for the filtration capacity test, a downflow water column made of Duracon (registered trademark) (polyacetal) (self-designed and machined product, inner diameter φ50 mm, and height 60 mm) was filled with 50 cm of the carbonaceous material 3 and the test was carried out at a filtration flow rate of 3.0 L / min.

[0163] [Example 1] (Carbonization process) Carbides were obtained by carbonizing coconut shells produced in the Philippines at a temperature of 600 °C for about 2 hours.

[0164] (Activation treatment) The obtained carbides were introduced into a rotary kiln equipped with stirring blades in a furnace heated to 900 °C as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 at about 0.06 times the volume of the rotary kiln of 1 m 3 . Then, while rotating the kiln at a rotation speed of 3.0 rpm, a gas (40.0 vol% water vapor, 5.0 vol% oxygen, and 55.0 vol% nitrogen) was introduced into the kiln, and an activated product was obtained by performing an activation treatment for 130 minutes.

[0165] Note that in the rotary kiln used, six stirring blades were installed at 60° intervals around the central axis of the pipe body. Also, the height of the stirring blade was 15% or more and 25% or less of the inner radius of the pipe body, and the thickness of the stirring blade was 40% or more and 80% or less of the thickness of the pipe body.

[0166] (Washing process, drying process, etc.) The obtained activated product was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then thoroughly washed and dried with water to remove the remaining hydrochloric acid, obtaining a dried product. Subsequently, the obtained dried product was pulverized, and using a wire mesh for standard sieves defined in JIS Z8801-1:2019, a pulverized carbonaceous material 1 which is activated carbon was obtained by adjusting so that the particle size (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) becomes 210 μm, using a sieve of 140 mesh (opening size: 106 μm, Tokyo Screen Co., Ltd.) above and a sieve of 60 mesh (opening size: 233 μm, Tokyo Screen Co., Ltd.) below.

[0167] 〔Example 2〕 In the activation step, a pulverized carbonaceous material 2 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the activation treatment was performed for 200 minutes.

[0168] 〔Example 3〕 In the activation step, a pulverized carbonaceous material 3 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the activation treatment was performed for 250 minutes.

[0169] 〔Example 4〕 In the activation step, a pulverized carbonaceous material 4 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the activation treatment was performed for 280 minutes.

[0170] 〔Comparative Example 1〕 (Carbonization step) By carbonizing coconut shells produced in the Philippines at a temperature of 600 °C for about 2 hours, a carbide was obtained.

[0171] (Activation treatment) The obtained carbide was put into a rotary kiln equipped with stirring blades in a furnace heated to 900 °C as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, at about 0.06 times the volume of the rotary kiln of 1 m 3 ³. Then, while rotating the kiln at a rotational speed of 3.0 rpm, a gas (40.0 vol% steam, 5.0 vol% oxygen, and 55.0 vol% nitrogen) was introduced into the kiln, and an activation treatment was performed for 1 minute to obtain an activated product.

[0172] (Washing process, drying process, etc.) The obtained activated product was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then thoroughly washed and dried with water to remove the remaining hydrochloric acid, obtaining a dried product. Subsequently, the obtained dried product was pulverized, and using a wire mesh for standard sieves defined in JIS Z8801-1:2019, the fraction passing through a 140-mesh sieve (aperture size: 106 μm, manufactured by Nishimura Wire Mesh Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) and retained on a 60-mesh sieve (aperture size: 233 μm, manufactured by Nishimura Wire Mesh Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) was adjusted so that the particle size (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) became 210 μm, thereby obtaining a pulverized carbonaceous material 5 which is activated carbon.

[0173] [Comparative Example 2] In the activation process, a pulverized carbonaceous material 6 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a gas (30.0% by volume of steam, 2.5% by volume of oxygen, and 67.5% by volume of nitrogen) was introduced into the kiln and the activation treatment was performed for 260 minutes.

[0174] [Comparative Example 3] In the activation process, a pulverized carbonaceous material 7 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a gas (30.0% by volume of steam, 2.5% by volume of oxygen, and 67.5% by volume of nitrogen) was introduced into the kiln and the activation treatment was performed for 390 minutes.

[0175] [Table 1] [Industrial Applicability]

[0176] The carbonaceous material of the present embodiment can be suitably used for various applications that remove, adsorb, concentrate, and recover a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, with equivalent performance. [Explanation of Reference Numerals]

[0177] A, B, C, D, E, F... stirring blades, 1... pipe body, 2... flow direction of the active gas, 3... rotation direction of the pipe body, 4... falling direction of the carbide, 5... carbide.

Claims

1. The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm ３ / g or more and 0.30 cm ３ / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, a carbonaceous material.

2. The pore volume (A) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm, and N at -196 °C ２ The carbonaceous material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (A / B) of the pore volume (A) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm to the pore volume (B) of mesopores determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of is 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less.

3. - The pore volume of mesopores determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196 °C is 0.030 cm ２ / g or more and 0.140 cm ３ / g or less. The carbonaceous material according to claim 1. ３ ​

4. - The specific surface area determined by the BET method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196 °C is 610 m ２ / g or more and 1,400 m ２ / g or less, the carbonaceous material according to claim 1. ２ ​

5. The carbonaceous material according to claim 1, wherein the packing density measured by the tapping method is 0.36 g / mL or more and 0.60 g / mL or less.

6. The carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is used for removing at least chloroform and an anionic surfactant in water.

7. A carbonization step of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide, An activation step of subjecting the carbide to an activation treatment to obtain an activated product, The method for producing a carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:

8. The production method according to claim 7, further comprising a washing step of washing the activated product.

9. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the raw material is a coconut shell.

10. An adsorption filter comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

11. A water purifier cartridge comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

12. A water purifier comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

13. A water purification facility comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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