Carbonaceous material and method for producing the same, sorption filter, water purifier cartridge, water purifier, and water purification facility

Abstract

To provide a carbonaceous material and a method for producing the same, a sorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility, which are capable of removing, with consistent performance, a broad range of harmful substances from chloroform and the like, having a relatively small molecular size, to anionic surfactants and the like, having a relatively large molecular size.SOLUTION: A carbonaceous material according to the present invention has pore volume of 0.16 cm3 / g or more and 0.30 cm3 / g or less with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less as calculated by a QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from a nitrogen sorption isotherm, an iodine sorption amount of 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and a reactive black 5 value of 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbonaceous material, a method for producing the same, an adsorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility. And a water purification facility.

Background Art

[0002] Household water purifiers are widely used to remove harmful substances in tap water. Among such harmful substances, volatile organic compounds such as chloroform contained in trace amounts in tap water, such as trihalomethane, and harmful substances such as mold odor represented by 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are specified as substances to be removed in the Household Goods Quality Labeling Law for household water purifiers, and it is desired to remove them from tap water. Among such harmful substances, volatile organic compounds such as chloroform contained in trace amounts in tap water, such as trihalomethane, and harmful substances such as mold odor represented by 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are specified as substances to be removed in the Household Goods Quality Labeling Law for household water purifiers, and it is desired to remove them from tap water. And harmful substances such as mold odor represented by 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are specified as substances to be removed in the Household Goods Quality Labeling Law for household water purifiers, and it is desired to remove them from tap water. And harmful substances such as mold odor represented by 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) are specified as substances to be removed in the Household Goods Quality Labeling Law for household water purifiers, and it is desired to remove them from tap water. And it is desired to remove them from tap water.

[0003] To remove such harmful substances, carbonaceous materials are usually used in household water purifiers. As such a carbonaceous material, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a carbonaceous material having a benzene adsorption amount of 25% or more and 40% or less, a vitamin B12 adsorption amount of 13.0 mg / g or more and 50.0 mg / g or less, and a mesopore pore volume calculated by the BJH method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm of 0.070 cm / g or more and 0.150 cm / g or less. / g or less, and a mesopore pore volume calculated by the BJH method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm of 0.070 cm 3 / g or more and 0.150 cm 3 / g or less. Is described.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in the carbonaceous material described in Patent Document 1, chloroform with a relatively small molecular size and other trihalomethanes, etc., have pore volume and specific surface area designed to be able to remove 2-MIB with a relatively large molecular size and the like. Therefore, the filtration capacity value for 2-MIB and the like is high, but it is difficult to remove substances with a relatively small molecular size such as trihalomethanes using this carbonaceous material, and it is very difficult to remove chloroform with a smaller molecular size among trihalomethanes. Among trihalomethanes, it is very difficult to remove chloroform with a smaller molecular size.

[0006] Also, in 2019, the JIS test method for household water purifiers was revised, and in the new JIS S3201:2019, five additional substances to be removed were added. As a result, household water purifiers that can remove more types of harmful substances than before are desired.

[0007] Among the five additional substances, the anionic surfactant has a larger molecular size than 2-MIB. In the carbonaceous materials used in conventional household water purifiers, like in Patent Document 1, the pore volume and specific surface area are designed to be suitable for removing substances with a molecular size of about 2-M IB. Therefore, with conventional carbonaceous materials, it is difficult to remove harmful substances with a larger molecular size such as anionic surfactants.

[0008] Thus, after the revision of the JIS test method, it is required that the carbonaceous materials used in household water purifiers can remove a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, with equivalent performance.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a carbonaceous material capable of removing a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to an anionic surfactant with a relatively large molecular size, etc., with equivalent performance, a method for producing the same, an adsorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility are provided. From substances such as chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to harmful substances such as anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size. A carbonaceous material capable of removing with equivalent performance, an adsorption filter, A water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and a water purification facility.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0010] As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the inventors have found that a carbonaceous material having a pore volume, an iodine adsorption amount, and a reactive black pentavalent each in a specific range can remove a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, etc., with equivalent performance, and have completed the present invention. A carbonaceous material in which the pore volume, the iodine adsorption amount, and the reactive black pentavalent are each in a specific range can remove a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, etc., with equivalent performance. From substances such as chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to harmful substances such as anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size. And have completed the present invention.

[0011] The present invention includes the following embodiments. [1] The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, 3 The iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. A carbonaceous material. The iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. A carbonaceous material.

[0012] [2] The ratio (A / B) of the pore volume (A) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm to the pore volume (B) of mesopores determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196 °C is 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less. The carbonaceous material according to [1]. 2 The ratio (A / B) of the pore volume (A) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm to the pore volume (B) of mesopores determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196 °C is 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less. The carbonaceous material according to [1].​

[0013] [3] The mesopore pore volume determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196°C 2 is 0.030 cm / g or more and 0.140 cm 3 / g or less, the carbonaceous material according to [1]. 3

[0014] [4] The specific surface area determined by the BET method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196°C 2 is 610 m 2 / g or more and 1,400 m 2 / g or less, the carbonaceous material according to [1].

[0015] [5] The bulk density measured by the tapping method is 0.36 g / mL or more and 0.60 g / m L or less, the carbonaceous material according to [1].

[0016] [6] Used for removing at least chloroform and anionic surfactants in water , the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0017] [7] A carbonization step of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide, and an activation step of activating the carbide to obtain an activated product, the method for producing the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0018] [8] The production method according to [7], further including a washing step of washing the activated product.

[0019] [9] The production method according to [7], wherein the raw material is coconut shell.

[0020]

[10] An adsorption filter containing the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0021]

[11] A water purifier cartridge containing the carbonaceous material according to any one of [1] to [5].

[0022]

[12] A water purifier containing the carbonaceous material described in any one of [1] to [5].

[0023]

[13] Water purification equipment equipped with the carbonaceous material described in any one of [1] to [5]. [Effect of the Invention]

[0024] According to the present invention, it is possible to remove a wide range of harmful substances from relatively small molecular size chloroform and the like to relatively large molecular size anionic surfactants and the like with equivalent performance. A carbonaceous material, a method for producing the same, an adsorption filter, a water purifier cartridge, a water purifier, and water purification equipment can be provided. purification equipment can be provided. purification equipment can be provided. [Brief Explanation of Drawings]

[0025]

Figure 1

Figure 2

[0026] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as "the present embodiment") will be described in detail. The following present embodiment is an exemplification for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to only the present embodiment. is not limited to only the present embodiment.

[0027] [Carbonaceous Material] The carbonaceous material of the present embodiment has a pore volume of 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 c 3 / g or more and 0.30 c m 3is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less and the reactive black 5 is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.

[0028] By having such requirements, the carbonaceous material can remove a wide range of harmful substances, from relatively small molecular size chloro forms to relatively large molecular size anionic surfactants and the like with equivalent performance. That is, since the carbonaceous material has a pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less within a specific range, it can have high adsorption performance for relatively small molecular size chloroforms and the like. Moreover, since the pore diameter of the carbonaceous material is controlled to be suitable for relatively large molecular size anionic surfactants and the like, it can also have high adsorption performance for anionic surfactants and the like. The carbonaceous material can preferably adsorb chloroform and anionic surfactants. Note that with the revision of JIS in 2019, volatile organic compounds other than chloroform (bromo dichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene

[0029] and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene and benzene) can be tested with chloroform as an alternative by the test method according to Annex A of JIS S3201:2019. Therefore, if the removal performance of chloroform can be satisfied, it can be said that volatile organic substances other than chloroform can also be removed. That is, the carbonaceous material can preferably adsorb one or two or more of chloroform and these volatile organic compounds. ​​In addition, examples of the anionic surfactant include alkyl sulfonates such as sodium linear dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The carbonaceous material can preferably adsorb one or more of these anionic surfactants.

[0030] In the carbonaceous material, the pore volume (cm / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm (hereinafter simply referred to as "pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less") is 3 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less. 3 When the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, the carbonaceous material mainly exhibits high removal performance for chloroform and the like. When the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less in the carbonaceous material is 0.16 cm / g or more, a small pore volume effective for removing chloroform and the like with a relatively small molecular size in the micropore volume becomes sufficient, and the adsorption performance for chloroform and the like is significantly improved. 3 In addition, when the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is 0.30 cm / g or less, the abundance of the pore volume suitable for substances smaller than the molecular size of chloroform and the like decreases, and accordingly, the pore volume suitable for chloroform and the like increases. 3 Therefore, the adsorption performance for chloroform and the like is significantly improved.

[0031] In this specification, the pores of the carbonaceous material conform to the classification criteria of IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), and according to the pore diameter (diameter), pores with a pore diameter of less than 2.0 nm are micropores, pores with a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or more and 50.0 nm or less are mesopores, and pores with a pore diameter of 5 Pores with a pore diameter exceeding 0.0 nm are classified as macropores. Micropores are pores smaller than mesopores and are mainly effective for adsorbing relatively small molecular-sized substances such as chloroform. Also, mesopores are effective for adsorbing relatively large molecular-sized substances such as anionic surfactants. In this specification, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less or a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less is calculated by the QSDFT method (quenched solid density functional theory). The QSDFT method is an analytical method for pore size analysis of geometrically and chemically irregular microporous and mesoporous carbons,

[0032] which can calculate the pore size distribution in the range of about 0.5 nm or more and about 40 nm or less. In the QSDFT method, since the influence due to the roughness and non-uniformity of the pore surface is clearly considered, it is a method in which the accuracy of pore size distribution analysis has been significantly improved. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less or a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less, reference may be made to the examples. The pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is preferably 0.18 cm / g or more and 0.29 c m / g or less, more preferably 0.20 cm / g or more and 0.28 cm / g or less, and even more preferably 0.22 cm

[0033] / g or more and 0.27 cm 3 / g or less. When the range of the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance for chloroform and the like can be obtained while maintaining the removal performance for anionic surfactants and the like. m 3 / g or more and 0.28 cm 3 / g or less, and more preferably 0.22 cm 3 / g or more and 0.27 cm / g or less. When the range of the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance for chloroform and the like can be obtained while maintaining the removal performance for anionic surfactants and the like. 3 / g or more and 0.27 cm 3 / g or less. When the range of the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, there is a tendency to obtain a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance for chloroform and the like while maintaining the removal performance for anionic surfactants and the like. 3 nm or less. When the range of the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less is within the above range, a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance for chloroform and the like can be obtained while maintaining the removal performance for anionic surfactants and the like. There is a tendency.

[0034] The iodine adsorption amount of the carbonaceous material is not less than 750 mg / g and not more than 1,340 mg / g. The amount of iodine adsorption is similar to that of chloroform, which is a relatively small molecule that exists in carbonaceous materials. The surface of the pores is capable of physically adsorbing anionic surfactants with relatively large molecular sizes. The iodine adsorption amount of the carbonaceous material is within the above range, so that the carbonaceous material has the following properties: High removal performance against anionic surfactants while maintaining removal performance against chloroform, etc. The carbonaceous material has an iodine adsorption capacity of 750 mg / g or more. This allows the pore volume of the carbonaceous material to become large enough to react with chloroform, etc., and to form an anionic interface. The carbonaceous material has an iodine adsorption capacity of 1,340 mg / g or less, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and the anions such as chloroform can be easily mixed. This makes it easier to control the pores that adsorb surfactants and the like.

[0035] The amount of iodine adsorption is measured and calculated in accordance with JIS K 1474 (2014). For specific methods of measuring and calculating the amount of iodine adsorption, see the Examples.

[0036] It has high removal performance against chloroform, anionic surfactants, etc. The iodine adsorption amount is preferably 900 mg / g or more and 1,330 mg / g or less, and more preferably Preferably, it is 1,000 mg / g or more and 1,310 mg / g or less.

[0037] The reactive black pentavalent value of the carbonaceous material is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. Reactive Black 5 is a dye represented by the following formula (1) and is a CI Reactive It is also called Active Black-5.

[0038] [ka]

[0039] Reactive Black 5 has a large molecular weight of 995.88 and a bulky structure. Therefore, Reactive Black 5 is suitable for anionic surfactants with relatively large molecular size. It is an index of adsorption characteristics. The carbonaceous material should have a Reactive Black pentavalent value within the above range. While maintaining its ability to remove chloroform, etc., it is particularly effective against anionic surfactants, etc. It has high adsorption performance. Reactive Black 5 value is 6.0g / L or more. Therefore, the cumulative pore volume in the large pores of the carbonaceous material is not too large, and the carbonaceous material is It also has small pores that are effective against chloroform and other compounds. While maintaining the ability to remove chloroform, etc., it also has a relatively large molecular size. It also has high removal performance against surfactants, etc. Reactive Black 5 has a valence of 67. 0 g / L or less, the pores in the carbonaceous material have relatively large molecular sizes. The amount of pores suitable for adsorption of anionic surfactants and the like increases. The adsorption performance for the above substances is significantly improved.

[0040] The Reactive Black pentavalent value can be calculated, for example, as follows: First, a UV-visible spectrophotometer was used with a wavelength of 594 nm and a light path length (cell length) of 10 mm. Under the above conditions, a test liquid containing Reactive Black 5 and a carbonaceous material were mixed into the test liquid. After Reactive Black 5 is sufficiently adsorbed on the carbonaceous material, The absorbance of each of the residual liquids obtained by removing the carbonaceous material to which the carbonaceous material is adsorbed is measured. Using these absorbances, the remaining percentage (%) of Reactive Black 5 in the residual liquid was calculated. The amount of Reactive Black 5 adsorbed per 1 g of carbonaceous material ( / g) was calculated. Using these values, reactive black pentavalent (g / L) was calculated by dividing reactive black pentavalent (g / L) by the number of reactive black pentavalent (g / L) in 1L of test solution. It is calculated as the amount of carbonaceous material required to remove 99% of the black 5. In the measurement of Active Black 5, the carbonaceous material is 50% of the cumulative distribution based on volume. Use carbonaceous material with particle size (D50) adjusted to 9.0 μm or more and 11.0 μm or less. In the present specification, the 50% particle size (D50) is a value measured by a laser diffraction light scattering method. This refers to the value measured as the volume-based median diameter using a particle size distribution measuring device. For specific methods of measuring and calculating Tib Black pentavalent, see the Examples.

[0041] The pentavalent value of Reactive Black is preferably 6.3 g / L or more and 50.0 g / L or less. , more preferably 6.5 g / L or more and 40.0 g / L or less, and even more preferably 7.0 g / L or less. / L or more and 30.0 g / L or less, and even more preferably 7.2 g / L or more and 27.0 g / L or less. If the value of Reactive Black 5 is within the above range, it is difficult to react with chloroform, etc. Carbonaceous material that has higher adsorption performance for anionic surfactants while maintaining its removal performance. Materials are more likely to be available.

[0042] For carbonaceous materials, the nitrogen adsorption isotherm was used to determine the amount of carbonaceous material per 1 g by the QSDFT method. Calculated pore volume (A) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less (hereinafter simply referred to as "pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less") (also called the "pore volume of the pores ... 2 From the adsorption isotherm of The ratio to the required mesopore volume (B) (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "the pore volume of mesopores") A / B, hereinafter, also simply referred to as "mesopore ratio") is preferably 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less and more preferably 3.5 or more and 7.5 or less, still more preferably 4.0 or more and 7.0 or less is.

[0043] The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less mainly serves as an index for small pores effective for relatively small-sized molecules such as chloroform. Also, the pore volume of mesopores mainly serves as an index for large pores effective for relatively large-sized molecules such as anionic surfactants. Therefore, the mesopore ratio is an index indicating the performance balance in the removal performance of chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like.

[0044] When the mesopore ratio is within the above range, a wide range of harmful substances from relatively small-sized molecules such as chloroform to relatively large-sized molecules such as anionic surfactants can be removed with equivalent performance. When the mesopore ratio is 3.0 or more, the proportion of large pores effective for the removal performance of anionic surfactants and the like becomes sufficient, and there is a tendency to exhibit high adsorption performance for anionic surfactants and the like. When the mesopore ratio is 8.0 or less, the proportion of small pores effective for the removal performance of chloroform and the like becomes sufficient, and there is a tendency to exhibit high adsorption performance for chloroform and the like. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the mesopore ratio, refer to the examples.

[0045] In the carbonaceous material, the pore volume of mesopores (the pore volume of mesopores) determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196 °C is preferably 0.030 cm 2 / g or more 3 ​ 0.140 cm 3 is 0.035 cm / g or less, more preferably 3 0.100 g / cm or more cm 3 is 0.040 cm / g or less, still more preferably 3 0.090 cm / g or more 3 / g is as follows.

[0046] When the pore volume of the mesopores is 0.030 cm 3 / g or more, the carbonaceous material can have a relatively large number of pores that are effective against anionic surfactants and the like. When the pore volume of the mesopores is 0.140 cm 3 / g or less, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and the carbonaceous material can also have a large number of pores effective for the adsorption of chloroform and the like. Therefore, when the pore volume of the mesopores is within the above range, there is a tendency that the removal performance of chloroform and the like and the removal performance of anionic surfactants and the like can be realized at a higher level. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the pore volume of the mesopores, refer to the examples.

[0047] In the carbonaceous material, the specific surface area (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "BET specific surface area") determined by the BET method from the N adsorption isotherm at -196 °C is preferably 610 m 2 / g or more and 1,400 m / g or less, more preferably 800 m 2 / g or more and 1,300 2 m 2 / g or less, still more preferably 900 m m 2 / g or more and 1,300 m 2 / g or less 2 is. .

[0048] The BET specific surface area is an index indicating the degree of progress of the activation of the carbonaceous material. When the BET specific surface area is within the above range, the carbonaceous material tends to be able to achieve high removal performance for anionic surfactants and the like while maintaining the removal performance for chloroform and the like. When the BET specific surface area is 610 m 2 / g or more, the carbonaceous material has a sufficient surface area contributing to physical adsorption and tends to obtain high adsorption performance for chloroform and the like. When the BET specific surface area is 1,400 m m 2 / g or less, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large, and the carbonaceous material tends to have many pores effective for the adsorption of anionic surfactants and the like. For the specific measurement and calculation method of the BET specific surface area, reference may be made to the examples.

[0049] In the carbonaceous material, the bulk density measured by the tapping method (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "bulk density" ) is preferably 0.36 g / mL or more and 0.60 g / mL or less, more preferably 0.40 g / mL or more and 0.58 g / mL or less, and still more preferably 0.44 g / mL or more and 0.55 g / mL or less. When the bulk density is within the above range, the carbonaceous material can realize the adsorption performance for a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform and the like with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants and the like with a relatively large molecular size at a higher level. When the bulk density is 0.36 g / mL or more, the pores of the carbonaceous material do not become too large and can have many pores effective for chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like. Therefore, the carbonaceous material tends to have high adsorption performance for chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like. When the bulk density is 0.60 g / mL or less, Carbonaceous materials tend to have sufficient pores to facilitate physical adsorption. It tends to have higher adsorption performance for formaldehyde, anionic surfactants, etc. For specific methods of measuring and calculating the density, see the Examples.

[0050] The shape of the carbonaceous material varies depending on the application, and is not particularly limited. Examples of the shape include powder, lump, crushed, spherical, cylindrical, elliptical sphere, distorted, elliptical cylinder, and elliptical cone. The base and polygonal prisms such as triangular prisms, square prisms, pentagonal prisms, and hexagonal prisms are rod-shaped, thread-shaped, solid pentagrams, etc. pellets and hollow pellets, crushed powder, substrate (sheet), woven Examples of the material include fiber-like materials such as cloth and felt, and blocks.

[0051] The shape of the carbonaceous material is applicable to the carbonaceous material in known adsorption filters. It is preferable that the shape of the sphere is a spherical shape, an oval shape, a distorted curved shape, or the like. In crushed form such as rod, thread, pellet, powder, substrate (sheet), woven fabric (cloth) These shapes include shaped, fibrous, and block shapes. These shapes are determined according to the specific mode of use. Among these, the following is preferred because of its high adsorption performance per unit volume: The shape of the carbonaceous material is preferably crushed, and more preferably powdered. In the case of a particle, the size is not particularly limited, and the particle size can be adjusted appropriately according to the specific usage. good.

[0052] In this specification, the term "fractured" refers to any shape that is not uniform and usually has corners. The term "powder" refers to particles having one of the following properties: fine powder, powder, fine grains, and granular powder. is referred to as, and usually, the 50% particle size (D50) of the volume-based cumulative distribution is 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

[0053] For example, when a carbonaceous material is used as an adsorption filter of a water purifier, it varies depending on the application and is not particularly limited, but its shape is preferably cylindrical and substrate-like (sheet-like). When the carbonaceous material has such a shape, the carbonaceous material can tend to be used efficiently as an adsorption filter of a water purifier.

[0054] The carbonaceous material is preferably activated carbon.

[0055] [Manufacturing method of carbonaceous material] The carbonaceous material of the present embodiment can be obtained by a known manufacturing method.

[0056] Examples of such methods include a thermal decomposition method, an activation method, a coating method, and a vapor deposition method, etc. As the manufacturing method, it is preferable to use the activation method. By using these manufacturing methods, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, 3 and the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and a carbonaceous material can tend to be manufactured more easily.

[0057] The manufacturing method of the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment includes a carbonization step of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide, and an activation step of subjecting the carbide to an activation treatment to obtain an activated product. The manufacturing method of the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment preferably includes a washing step of washing the activated product. ​

[0058] (Carbonization process) The method for producing a carbonaceous material includes a carbonization process of carbonizing a raw material to obtain a carbide. The raw material is not particularly limited as long as it can obtain a desired carbonaceous material. Examples of the raw material include fruits such as wood, wood powder, coconut shells, palm kernels, ume, and peach seeds, by-products during pulp production, bagasse, molasses, coal (such as peat, lignite, brown coal, and bituminous coal ), anthracite, petroleum distillation residue components, petroleum pitch, coke, and coal tar, etc., plant-based raw materials or fossil-based raw materials; various synthetic resins such as phenolic resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, melamine resin , urea resin, resorcinol resin, celluloid, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, poly ester resin, acrylic resin, and polyamide resin; synthetic rubbers such as polybutylene, polybutadiene, and polychloroprene; other synthetic woods; synthetic pulp and the like. These raw materials can be used alone or, depending on the requirements, two or more types can be mixed and used in any ratio.

[0059] The raw material is preferably a natural product, more preferably coconut shell. By using such a raw material, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less per gram of the carbonaceous material calculated by the QSDFT method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g 3 or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive tive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0060] ​The raw material may contain additives or the like as necessary. Further, additives or the like may, as necessary, be added in addition to the carbide. Examples of such additives or the like include water, coal tar, tar anhydride, hard pitch, coal tar-based pitch, and petroleum-based pitch. The additives or the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The additives or the like are usually compounded in an amount of 1.0 part by mass or more and 50.0 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material or the carbide. Further, the total amount of the additives or the like is usually 1 part by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material or the carbide. When mixing the raw material or the carbide and the additive, if necessary, the amount of oxygen in the raw material or the carbide may be adjusted in the range of 1.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass or less with respect to 100% by mass of the raw material or the carbide. The adjustment of the oxygen amount can be carried out, for example, by mixing the raw material or the carbide and oxygen under heating at 150°C or higher and 300°C or lower. In the method for producing the carbonaceous material, the raw material may be pulverized or molded before carbonizing the raw material. Examples of such methods include, for example, a method in which the raw material is pulverized into a powder using a known pulverizer and then carbonized before carbonizing the raw material. Further, examples include a method in which the raw material is molded into pellets by a known method and then carbonized before carbonizing the raw material.

[0061] When the shape of the raw material is in powder form, the particle size of the powder (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D 50) is preferably 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

[0062] The carbonization method of the raw material is not particularly limited. For example, it can be carried out at 300°C or higher and 900°C or lower under anaerobic conditions.

[0063] ​​​​​​Examples of the heating method include heating to a temperature of preferably 400°C or higher and 800°C or lower.

[0064] The carbonization time can be appropriately set according to the raw material and the equipment used for carbonization. The carbonization time is, for example, 15 minutes or longer and 20 hours or shorter, preferably 30 minutes or longer and 10 hours or shorter, and more preferably 60 minutes or longer and 5 hours or shorter. The carbonization treatment can be carried out using known production equipment such as a rotary kiln. In addition, the carbonization treatment may be carried out under reduced pressure by excluding air, or may be carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0065] In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, the carbide may be pulverized into a powder using a known pulverizer. Thereby, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less per 1 g of the carbonaceous material calculated by the QSDFT method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, 3 the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and it tends to be easier to produce a carbonaceous material. In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, after pulverizing the carbide into a powder, if necessary, an additive or the like is added to the powdered carbide and kneaded by a known method, and the obtained kneaded product may be molded by a known method. When the shape of the carbide is powder, the particle size of the carbide (the 50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) is preferably 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less. In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, the carbide, powdered carbide, kneaded product,

[0066] or powdered kneaded product may be molded into cylindrical pellets using a known method. Thereby, from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less per 1 g of the carbonaceous material calculated by the QSDFT method is 0.16 cm

[0067] In the method for producing a carbonaceous material, the carbide, powdered carbide, kneaded product, or powdered kneaded product may be molded into cylindrical pellets using a known method. Thereby, from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm, The pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material is 0.16 cm 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less, and there is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material. When the shape of the carbide is cylindrical pellets, the diameter of the cylindrical pellets is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 4.0 mm or less. Further, the aspect ratio (diameter: height) of the cylindrical pellets is preferably 1:1 to 1:10.

[0068] By the above carbonization step, a carbide of the raw material is obtained.

[0069] The method for producing a carbonaceous material may include a washing step and / or a drying step of performing a washing treatment and / or a drying treatment etc. on the carbide after the carbonization step. The conditions in these steps are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be adopted. Also, reference may be made to the following washing step and drying step.

[0070] (Activation step) The method for producing a carbonaceous material includes an activation step of subjecting the carbide to an activation treatment to obtain an activated product.

[0071] As the activation treatment, a known method can be adopted.

[0072] The activation treatment can use known production equipment such as a rotary kiln, a fluidized furnace, and a slip furnace (vertical furnace). Also, the activation treatment may be performed under reduced pressure by excluding air, or may be performed under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0073] ​​The activation treatment is preferably performed using a rotary kiln. By using a rotary kiln, the activated product whose mass has become lighter as the activation of the carbide progresses does not scatter outside the furnace and can remain in the kiln furnace. Therefore, the carbide can be more sufficiently activated, and there is a tendency to obtain an activated product in which micropores and mesopores are sufficiently developed and the ratio of these pores is controlled within a suitable range. Moreover, by using a rotary kiln, it becomes possible to efficiently bring the carbide into contact with the active gas. As a result, there is a tendency to preferably produce a carbonaceous material having higher adsorption performance with respect to chloroform and the like and an anionic surfactant and the like. When performing the activation treatment using a rotary kiln, the carbide charged into the rotary kiln preferably has a particle size of 2 mesh below (opening size: 10.7 mm) and above 70 mesh (opening size: 243 μm) of the wire mesh for standard sieves defined in JIS Z8801-1:2019, and more preferably has a particle size of 2 mesh below (opening size: 10.7 mm) and above 32 mesh (opening size: 490 μm). When the particle size of the carbide is within the above range, the activated product whose mass has become lighter as the activation of the carbide progresses remains more in the kiln, and activation can be performed more efficiently. As the carbide, carbide having its particle size adjusted by cutting the raw material to a desired size in advance before the carbonization step may be used, or carbide having its particle size adjusted by crushing and classifying the carbide to a desired size may be used. Examples of the activation treatment method include water vapor gas, oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and the like.

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] A gas activation method for gasifying carbides using active gases, and a chemical activation method for activating carbides using agents such as zinc chloride and phosphoric acid can be mentioned. As a method for the activation treatment, the gas activation method is preferable. By using active gases as the gas activation method, it tends to have a more sufficient reaction rate and be able to control the reaction rate without further reducing the production efficiency. Therefore, it tends to be easier to obtain a carbonaceous material with developed micropores and mesopores. As a result, it is likely to preferably manufacture a carbonaceous material having a higher adsorption performance for a wide range of harmful substances from relatively small molecular size chloroform etc. to relatively large molecular size anionic surfactants etc. Note that an inert gas such as nitrogen may be used in combination with the active gas. The partial pressure of the active gas is, for example, 10% or more and 100% or less, preferably 30% or more and 100% or less. As the active gas, it is preferable to use one or more selected from the group consisting of water vapor gas and oxygen gas, and it is more preferable to use both water vapor gas and oxygen gas. Water vapor gas tends to have a more sufficient reaction rate and be able to control the reaction rate without further reducing the production efficiency. Also, by using water vapor gas, it tends to be easier to obtain a carbonaceous material with developed micropores and mesopores. Therefore, it tends to be preferably able to manufacture a carbonaceous material having a higher adsorption performance for chloroform etc. and anionic surfactants etc. Also, usually, since the activation reaction is an endothermic reaction, in order to make the activation reaction proceed more efficiently

[0077]

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​A certain amount of heat is required. To maintain that amount of heat, it is preferable to use oxygen gas together with water vapor gas as the active gas. By reacting and burning the volatile gas generated during the activation reaction with oxygen gas, it becomes possible to maintain the amount of heat required for activation. Note that examples of the volatile gas include combustible gases such as hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas generated by activating carbides. When water vapor gas and oxygen gas are used as the active gas, the partial pressure of water vapor is preferably 25.0% by volume or more and 55.0% by volume or less, and more preferably 33.0% by volume or more and 47.0% by volume or less. The partial pressure of oxygen gas is preferably 1.0% by volume or more and 10.0% by volume or less, and more preferably 3.0% by volume or more and 7.0% by volume or less. In addition, as other gases, inert gases such as nitrogen may be included. In that case, the partial pressure of the inert gas is preferably 35.0% by volume or more and 74.0% by volume or less, and more preferably 46.0% by volume or more and 64.0% by volume or less. When their ratios are within the above range, it is more likely to produce a carbonaceous material in which the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black 5 valence is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. When water vapor gas and oxygen gas are used as the active gas, their flow rates are per minute

[0081] 3 3 3 3 / g or less, and the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black 5 valence is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.

[0082] It is preferably 10 liters (L) or more and 300 liters (L) or less in total amount.

[0083] The activation treatment time can be appropriately set according to conditions such as raw materials, activation temperature, and manufacturing equipment. . As the activation time, for example, it is 10 minutes or more and 36 hours or less, preferably 30 minutes or more and 24 hours or less, more preferably 60 minutes or more and 12 hours or less, still more preferably 100 minutes or more and 360 minutes or less, and even more preferably 120 minutes or more and 300 minutes or less . When the activation time is within the above range, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 m g / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less . There is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0084] The activation treatment temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 800 °C or more and 1,250 °C or less , and more preferably 850 °C or more and 1,150 °C or less. By performing the activation treatment at such a temperature, the pore volume with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm / g or less 3 / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less , the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. There is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0085] As an activation device for performing activation processing, for example, a rotary kiln as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be mentioned. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view I and a side view II of the rotary kiln. FIG. 2 is , a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the rotary kiln.

[0086] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotary kiln usually includes a tubular body 1 and stirring blades A to F arranged on the inner wall surface of the tubular body 1. The activation gas is usually sent from one side to the other side, that is, in the case of a rotary kiln as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is sent in the direction 2 of the flow of the activation gas in the tubular body 1 towards.

[0087] The material of the tubular body 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used for the rotary kiln, but for example, stainless steel can be mentioned.

[0088] In FIGS. 1 and 2, the number of stirring blades is 6, but it can be adjusted as appropriate according to the charging amount of the carbide 5 as the raw material, The number of stirring blades is usually 1 or more and 20 or less, preferably 3 or more and 1 2 or less, and more preferably 5 or more and 10 or less. Also, the stirring blades are preferably installed at equal intervals around the central axis of the tubular body 1. For example, if the number of stirring blades is 6, they will be installed every 60° around the central axis of the tubular body 1. The height of the stirring blade (the height in the direction from the wall of the tubular body 1 towards the center) can be set as appropriate according to the size of the tubular body 1 and the charging amount of the carbide 5, but it is preferable that the height of the stirring blade is such that it can be visually recognized without being covered by the carbide 5 charged into the tubular body 1. Specifically, when the stirring blade is located at the bottommost surface of the tubular body 1 (the position of the stirring blade B in the right figure of FIG. 2), the height of the stirring blade

[0089] is such that and the charging amount of the carbide 5, but it is preferable that the stirring blade is at a height where it can be visually recognized without being covered by the carbide 5 charged into the tubular body 1. Specifically, when the stirring blade is located at the bottommost surface of the tubular body 1 (the position of the stirring blade B in the right figure of FIG. 2), the height of the stirring blade is such that the stirring blade is at a height where it can be visually recognized without being covered by the carbide 5 charged into the tubular body 1. Specifically, when the stirring blade is located at the bottommost surface of the tubular body 1 (the position of the stirring blade B in the right figure of FIG. 2), the height of the stirring blade The height at which the stirring blade is covered by the carbide 5 is preferably from more than 1 / 2 to less than 2 / 3 from the bottom surface. More preferably, the height of the stirring blade is from 10% to 30% of the inner radius of the tubular body 1.

[0090] The thickness of the stirring blade (the thickness in the rotational direction 3 of the tubular body 1) can be appropriately set according to the size of the tubular body 1 and the charged amount of the carbide 5, but it is preferable that the stirring blade has a thickness such that it is not damaged by the carbide 5 charged into the tubular body 1. Specifically, the thickness of the stirring blade is usually from 1% to 100% of the wall thickness of the tubular body 1, preferably from 20% to 90%, and more preferably from 30% to 95%.

[0091] The material of the stirring blade is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used for a rotary kiln. For example, stainless steel can be mentioned.

[0092] By arranging the stirring blade inside the tubular body 1 in this way, the contact efficiency between the carbide 5 and the active gas tends to be further improved. From this, it tends to be easier to manufacture a carbonaceous material having a desired specific surface area.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 2, an appropriate amount of the carbide 5 is charged inside the tubular body 1. Then, when the tubular body 1 rotates in the rotational direction 3 of the tubular body, for example, the carbide 5 collected by the stirring blade A is lifted by the stirring blade A, and then mixed while passing over the stirring blade A toward the dropping direction 4 of the carbide, and is collected between the stirring blades A and B while being activated by contact with the active gas. By rotating the tubular body 1 in this way, the carbide 5 is mixed while passing over the stirring blades A to F, and is efficiently and uniformly contacted with the active gas and activated. From this, a desired pore size distribution ​ There is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material having

[0094] Thus, by using a rotary kiln as the activation device, from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g 3 or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67 0 g / L or less. There is a tendency to more easily produce a carbonaceous material.

[0095] Through the above activation step, an activated product is obtained.

[0096] The method for producing a carbonaceous material may include a washing step and / or a drying step, etc., such as performing a washing treatment and / or a drying treatment on the activated product after the activation step. The conditions in these steps are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be adopted. Also, reference may be made to the following washing step and drying step.

[0097] (Washing Step) The carbonaceous material is preferably obtained through a washing step of washing the activated product obtained in the activation step. More preferably, the washing is acid washing. By going through such a washing step, from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm, the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0 .70 nm or less calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material is 0.16 cm / g or more and 0.30 cm 3 / g or less, the iodine adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and the reactive black 3 pentavalent is 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less. There is a greater tendency to produce a carbonaceous material. It is in the direction of.

[0098] The types of acids used for pickling cleaning include, for example, mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid; organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid. These acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0099] The acid concentration, temperature, and time in pickling cleaning may be appropriately adjusted so that the target carbonaceous material can be obtained.

[0100] (Drying process) The carbonaceous material is preferably obtained through a drying process of drying the washed product obtained in the washing process.

[0101] The drying method is not particularly limited, and known drying methods such as natural drying, heat drying, and hot air drying can be used. As the drying method, a method of heating and / or reducing pressure is preferable. From the viewpoint of no drying unevenness and stable drying, the drying method by hot air is preferable. Under the drying conditions, it is preferable to dry until the moisture content of the carbonaceous material becomes 20.0 mass% or less, and more preferably until it becomes 10.0 mass% or less. As the method of drying by heating, from the viewpoint of no drying unevenness and stable drying, the drying method by hot air is preferable.

[0102] Examples of the heating method include, for example, a stationary constant-temperature dryer; a stationary hot air dryer; a vacuum dryer; a rotary evaporator; a heating method by a mixing dryer such as a conical dryer and a Nauta dryer. The heating temperature may be a temperature at which the carbonaceous material hardens and does not melt, for example, preferably 40°C or higher and 300°C or lower.

[0103] Examples of the pressure reduction method include, for example, an oil pump, an oil-less pump, and an aspirator. Examples of the reduced pressure method used are given. The pressure in the reduced pressure method is usually 0.00001 MPa or more and 0.05 MPa or less.

[0104] The drying time depends on the drying temperature, but is usually about 1 minute or more and 20 hours or less.

[0105] The carbonaceous material thus obtained may be used as it is, or, if necessary, by known methods, adjustment of the particle size by crushing, pulverizing, and classification; for example, additional purification by washing using water, an organic solvent, an aqueous acid solution, and an aqueous alkali solution; imparting durability and structural adjustment using additional heat treatment may be carried out to obtain a carbonaceous material.

[0106] It is preferable to adjust the particle size of the carbonaceous material so that its particle size (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) is 20 μm or more and 500 μm or less. By the particle size of the carbonaceous material being within the above range, the carbonaceous material can be suitably used, for example, in applications such as those exemplified below.

[0107] [Applications] The carbonaceous material can be suitably used in various applications for removing, adsorbing, concentrating, and recovering chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like. Such applications may be applications that appropriately combine the operations of removal, adsorption, concentration and recovery. Examples of such applications include adsorption filters, water purifier cartridges, water purifiers, packed towers, household drinking water treatment, water treatment and purification in industrial processes, and wastewater treatment, etc., including water purification equipment.

[0108] The carbonaceous material is suitably used for removing chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants.

[0109] ​​ [Method for Removing Chloroform and Anionic Surfactants] The method for removing chloroform and anionic surfactants includes a removal step of removing chloroform and anionic surfactants using a carbonaceous material. Chloroform and anionic surfactants are removed by being adsorbed onto the carbonaceous material, for example. In the removal method, in addition to using the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment as the carbonaceous material, known methods for removing chloroform and anionic surfactants, adsorption methods, concentration methods, and recovery methods may have the same steps.

[0110] 〔Adsorption Filter〕 The adsorption filter of the present embodiment contains the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment. Further, the adsorption filter is preferably for a water purifier.

[0111] Since the adsorption filter contains a carbonaceous material, it can adsorb a wide range of harmful substances from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size with equivalent performance. Therefore, for example, by installing the adsorption filter in a water purifier, it is possible to efficiently remove chloroform and anionic surfactants contained in water.

[0112] The adsorption filter preferably contains a carbonaceous material and a fibrous binder.

[0113] Examples of the fibrous binder include those that can entangle and shape the carbonaceous material by fibrillation. Such fibrous binders may be synthetic products or natural products. Examples of the fibrous binder include acrylic fibers , polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, cellulose fibers , nylon fibers, aramid fibers, and pulp, etc.

[0114] The fibrous binder may be used alone or in appropriate combination of two or more kinds. The fibrous binder is preferably polyacrylonitrile fiber and / or pulp. By using these fibrous binders, the density and strength of the adsorption filter can be further increased, and the performance degradation can be suppressed.

[0115] Since the removal performance of chloroform etc. and anionic surfactants etc. can be made compatible at a higher level, the adsorption filter preferably contains a fibrous binder in an amount of 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the carbonaceous material. The lower limit is usually 0.01 part by mass or more. When the adsorption filter contains other functional components described later, the "per 100 parts by mass of the carbonaceous material" regarding the filter composition should be read as "per 100 parts by mass of the total of the carbonaceous material and other functional components" and applied accordingly.

[0116] The adsorption filter may contain other functional components as long as the effects of the present embodiment are not inhibited. Such other functional components include, for example, lead adsorbents such as titanosilicate and zeolite-based powders that can adsorb and remove soluble lead; ion exchange resins; chelate resins; various adsorbents containing silver ions and / or silver compounds for imparting antibacterial properties, etc.

[0117] When water is passed through the adsorption filter, the water flow usually does not cause an extremely large pressure loss. It is carried out at a space velocity (SV) of 300 / hr or more and 6500 / hr or less. From the concentration of the substance to be removed in the raw water and each removal rate calculated from the concentration of the substance to be removed in the permeated water, and the relationship between the amount of water flowed (L ) and the volume (mL) of the water purification cartridge (cumulative permeated water volume L / mL) is plotted to confirm the performance of the adsorption filter.

[0118] (Filtration capacity) In this specification, the filtration capacity is defined as the amount of water (L) that can be passed through until the removal rate of the target removal substance reaches 80% when water is passed through the adsorption filter. The water passage is carried out at a space velocity (SV) of 3000 / hr.

[0119] (Chloroform filtration capacity) The chloroform filtration capacity can be measured with reference to the volatile organic compound removal performance test in the test method specified in the "Household Water Purifier Test Method" in JIS S3201:2019. Specifically, the test water is set to a chloroform concentration of 0.060 ± 0.012 (mg / L ) and a water temperature of 20°C ± 3°C, and water is passed through the carbonaceous material or the adsorption filter. The test raw water and the filtered water are analyzed by headspace-gas chromatography, and the removal rate (%) is obtained from the test raw water concentration (mg / L) and the filtered water concentration (mg / L), and the filtration capacity can be obtained by plotting the removal rate (%) against the integrated water passage volume (L). L) and the filtered water concentration (mg / L), and the removal rate (%) is obtained from the test raw water concentration (mg / L) and the filtered water concentration (mg / L), and the filtration capacity can be obtained by plotting the removal rate (%) against the integrated water passage volume (L).

[0120] Since the adsorption filter of this embodiment is excellent in filtration capacity, usually, the chloroform filtration capacity measured in accordance with JIS S3201:2 019 is 5.0 L 3 or more per 1 cm of the carbonaceous material or more, preferably 6.5 L or more, and more preferably 8.0 L or more.

[0121] (Anion surfactant filtration capacity) The anion surfactant filtration capacity can be measured using the anion surfactant removal performance test in the test method specified in "Household water purifier test method" in JIS S3201:2019 . Specifically, the test water is adjusted to an anion surfactant concentration of 0.20 ± 0.04 ( mg / L) and a water temperature of 20°C ± 3°C, and passed through the carbonaceous material or adsorption filter. The test raw water and filtered water are analyzed by solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography, and the removal rate (%) is obtained from the test raw water concentration (m g / L) and the filtered water concentration (mg / L), and the filtration capacity can be obtained by plotting the removal rate (%) against the cumulative water throughput (L). Since the adsorption filter of this embodiment is excellent in filtration capacity, the adsorption filter usually has an anion surfactant filtration capacity measured in accordance with JIS S S3201:2019 of 5.0 L or more per 1 cm

[0122] of the carbonaceous material, preferably 8.0 L or more, and more preferably 10.0 L or more. of the carbonaceous material 3 per 1 cm .

[0123] 〔Water purifier cartridge〕 The water purifier cartridge of this embodiment contains the carbonaceous material of this embodiment. The water purifier cartridge may have the same configuration as a known water purifier cartridge in addition to containing the carbonaceous material of this embodiment. By containing the carbonaceous material, the water purifier cartridge can efficiently remove chloroform and other substances and anion surfactants contained in water. Therefore , for example, by installing the water purifier cartridge in a household water purifier, various harmful substances described in the "Household water purifier test method" in JIS S3201 :2019, particularly chloroform , etc., can be removed efficiently. It is possible to efficiently remove lum and the like and anionic surfactants and the like.

[0124] As the water purification cartridge, for example, a cartridge in which a carbonaceous material is filled in a housing or a cartridge in which an adsorption filter is filled in a housing can be mentioned. The water purification cartridge In addition to the carbonaceous material or the adsorption filter according to the present embodiment, a known non-woven fabric filter Various adsorbents, mineral additives, ceramic filter materials, hollow fiber membranes, etc. may be combined and included. It may be.

[0125] [Device] The device includes a carbonaceous material. The device may have the same configuration as a known device except that the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment is used as the carbonaceous material.

[0126] The function of the carbonaceous material is utilized by the device including it. The device is preferably a processing device. In this specification, the "processing device" means that chloroform and the like and anionic surfactants and the like contained in objects to be processed such as wastewater, waste liquid, and oil are removed by the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment. As long as it is a device that can adsorb, concentrate, and recover, it is not particularly limited. Such a processing device may be a device that appropriately combines the operations of removal, adsorption, concentration, and recovery. As such a processing device, for example, an adsorption filter, charcoal, a tank or a bath, a tube, a water purifier cartridge, a cylinder, and a sheet (hereinafter, simply Also referred to as "filter etc. containing carbonaceous material"), a packed tower, and a filtration device such as a water purifier, an adsorption measure, and a concentration device can be mentioned. As such a device, for example, a household drinking water treatment device, a water treatment device and a purification device in an industrial process, and a wastewater treatment Device, and a drainage treatment Examples of the device include

[0127] The device includes an adsorption unit for bringing, for example, chloroform or the like and an anionic surfactant or the like into contact with the carbonaceous material. In the adsorption unit, an adsorbent other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment may be included as necessary. Examples of such an adsorbent include activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, activated alumina, non-woven fabric, and porous organic compounds other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment. compounds other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment may be included as necessary. Examples of such an adsorbent include activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, activated alumina, non-woven fabric, and porous organic compounds other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment. Examples of such an adsorbent include activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, activated alumina, non-woven fabric, and porous organic compounds other than the carbonaceous material according to the present embodiment. Examples of the filtration device include a water purifier, a cartridge type filtration device, a membrane

[0128] treatment device, and an ultrafiltration membrane device that include the carbonaceous material. treatment device, and an ultrafiltration membrane device that include the carbonaceous material.

[0129] The treatment device may include other adsorption filters together with an adsorption filter containing the carbonaceous material. Examples of such other adsorption filters include metal filters made of, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, bronze, copper, titanium, and nickel; resin filters made of, for example, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, and fluororesin. Examples of such other adsorption filters include metal filters made of, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, bronze, copper, titanium, and nickel; resin filters made of, for example, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polyamide, and fluororesin. treatment device, and an ultrafiltration membrane device that include the carbonaceous material. treatment device, and an ultrafiltration membrane device that include the carbonaceous material. treatment device, and an ultrafiltration membrane device that include the carbonaceous material.

[0130] Further, the treatment device may be of a batch type or a continuous type, and the carbonaceous material can be used in either mode. Further, the treatment device may be of a batch type or a continuous type, and the carbonaceous material can be used in either mode.

[0131] 〔Water purifier〕 The water purifier of the present embodiment includes the carbonaceous material of the present embodiment.

[0132] The water purifier is manufactured using the carbonaceous material or the adsorption filter. By including the adsorption filter, the water purifier can remove relatively small molecular size chloroform or the like from relatively large molecular size substances. It becomes possible to remove a wide range of harmful substances up to a relatively large anionic surfactant with equivalent performance. Therefore, the water purifier can be suitably used for faucet devices and kitchens.

[0133] The water purifier is provided with a water purification cartridge, and it is preferable that the water purification cartridge is composed of a carbonaceous material or an adsorption filter according to this embodiment. As the configuration of such a water purification cartridge, for example, the above water purifier cartridge may be referred to.

[0134] (Water purification method) The water purification method is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use the water purifier of this embodiment. The water purification method is not particularly restricted, and known methods can be adopted.

[0135] 〔Water purification equipment〕 The water purification equipment of this embodiment includes the carbonaceous material of this embodiment. By including the carbonaceous material, the water purification equipment can achieve high-level compatibility in removing performance of free residual chlorine and anionic surfactants, etc.

[0136] Examples of the water purification equipment include water purification equipment such as pure water production devices, ultrapure water devices, and water purification plants, wastewater treatment equipment in general industry, and water purification equipment for pharmaceutical and food use.

Examples

[0137] Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples will be shown to more specifically explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited by these examples at all.

[0138] 〔Evaluation method〕

[0139] (1) Pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less ·Measurement of Nitrogen Gas Adsorption Isotherm Using BELSORP-MAX Specific surface area / pore size distribution measuring device (BELSORP (registered trademark)-MAX (product name) manufactured by Microtrac BEL Co., Ltd.) was used, and the carbonaceous material was heated at 300 °C for 3 hours under vacuum conditions, and then the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm at a temperature of 77 K was measured.

[0140] ·Measurement of Pore Volume The pore volume (cm / g) of micropores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less in the carbonaceous material per gram was calculated by the QSDFT method from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm as follows. 3 Specifically, using the values of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm obtained by the above-mentioned "Measurement of Nitrogen Gas Adsorption Isotherm Using BELSORP-MAX", and applying N at 77 K carbon[slit pore / cyl.pore (QSDFT Ads.model)] as the Caluculation model to calculate the pore size distribution, the pore volume (cm 2 / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less was calculated. 3

[0141] (2) Iodine Adsorption Amount (Iodine Adsorption Performance) The iodine adsorption amount (mg / g) of the carbonaceous material was measured and calculated. Specifically, the measurement of the iodine adsorption amount was carried out in accordance with JIS K1474 (2014). That is, first, in accordance with JIS Z8801-1, the carbonaceous material was pulverized until it passed through a 45 μm sieve by more than 90%, and dried in a constant temperature dryer (DVS 402 (product name) manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) at 115 °C for 3 hours. Then, it was allowed to cool to room temperature in a desiccator using silica gel as a desiccant, and the carbonaceous material after cooling was obtained.

[0142] ​​​​To one side, 25.0 g of potassium iodide (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) was dissolved in approximately 1 L of distilled water and 13.0 g of iodine (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) was dissolved to obtain an iodine solution. The iodine solution was titrated with a 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation ), and appropriate amounts of distilled water were added to the iodine solution to prepare a 0.05 mol / L iodine solution.

[0143] Next, an arbitrary amount of the carbonaceous material after cooling above was weighed (an amount such that the iodine residual concentration in the supernatant of the following filtrate was approximately 2.5 g / L), placed in a 100 mL conical flask with a stopper, and further 50 mL of the above 0.05 mol / L iodine solution was added in its entirety using a pipette. At room temperature (2 0 °C or higher and 30 °C or lower), using a shaker (medium-sized shaker reciprocator NR-10 (trade name) manufactured by Taitec Corporation ), it was shaken at 200 times / min for 15 minutes to adsorb iodine onto the carbonaceous material to obtain a mixed solution. Thereafter, using a cellulose mixed ester membrane filter - A045A025A (trade name) manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd., the mixed solution was filtered to obtain a filtrate. 10 mL of the supernatant of the filtrate was collected in its entirety using a pipette, and 0. 1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, factor: 1.000) was used for titration, and the iodine residual concentration was calculated according to the following formula (I). Iodine residual concentration (g / L) = Amount (mL) of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution used for titration × Factor of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution × 12.69 / 10 ··· (I)

[0144] The iodine adsorption amount per 1 g of the carbonaceous material was calculated according to the following formula (II). Iodine adsorption amount per 1 g of carbonaceous material = (10 × volume of 0.05 mol / L iodine solution used in the flask - volume of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution used in the actor - titration (mL) × 0. factor of 1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution) × 12.69 × 5 / mass of carbonaceous material (g) ··· (II)

[0145] The factor of the 0.05 mol / L iodine solution was calculated by formula (III). Factor of 0.05 mol / L iodine solution = (volume of 0.1 mol / L thio sulfuric acid sodium solution used in the titration (mL) × factor of 0.1 mol / L sodium thiosulfate solution) / 10 ··· (III)

[0146] From the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, an adsorption isotherm was created with the horizontal axis being the iodine residual concentration and the vertical axis being the iodine adsorption amount per 1 g of carbonaceous material, and the iodine adsorption amount (mg / g) per 1 g of carbonaceous material at an iodine residual concentration of 2.5 g / L was calculated. This iodine adsorption amount was regarded as the iodine adsorption performance.

[0147] (3) Reactive Black 5 valence The reactive black 5 valence (g / L) of the carbonaceous material was measured. Specifically, first, the carbonaceous material was pulverized so that the volume - based cumulative distribution 50% particle diameter (D50) was about 1 0.0 μm or less, and dried in a constant - temperature dryer at 115 °C (Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd. DVS 402 (trade name)) for 3 hours. Then, it was allowed to cool to room temperature in a desiccator using silica gel as a desiccant, and the carbonaceous material after cooling was obtained.

[0148] On the other hand, as follows, a phosphate buffer solution and reactive black 5 (Sigma - Aldrich A test solution A containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was prepared. That is, first, 7.26 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 28.66 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were dissolved in 2 L of distilled water to prepare a phosphate buffer solution (pH: 7.0). Then, for 1 L of the obtained phosphate buffer solution, Reactive Black 5 was added in the range of about 0.5 g or more and 1.2 g or less to prepare test solution A. At that time, the amount of Reactive Black 5 was prepared as follows. That is, the amount of Reactive Black 5 added to 1 L of the phosphate buffer solution was appropriately adjusted so that the absorbance of the solution obtained by diluting test solution A 20-fold with distilled water was in the range of 1.18 or more and 1.23 or less. The absorbance was the absorbance at a wavelength of 594 nm, and was measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (double-beam spectrophotometer U-2910 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation) using a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm. In addition, the solution obtained by diluting test solution A 20-fold as described above was used as test solution B, and test solution B was used for the following absorbance measurement. manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were dissolved in 2 L of distilled water to prepare a phosphate buffer solution (pH : 7.0). Then, for 1 L of the obtained phosphate buffer solution, Reactive Black 5 was added in the range of about 0.5 g or more and 1.2 g or less to prepare test solution A. At that time, the amount of Reactive Black 5 was prepared as follows. That is, the obtained test solution A was diluted 20-fold with distilled water so that the absorbance of the solution was in the range of 1.18 or more and 1.23 or less. The amount of Reactive Black 5 added to 1 L of the phosphate buffer solution was appropriately adjusted. The absorbance was the absorbance at a wavelength of 594 nm, and was measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (double-beam spectrophotometer U-2910 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation) using a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm. In addition, the solution obtained by diluting test solution A 20-fold as described above was used as test solution B, and test solution B was used for the following absorbance measurement.

[0149] Next, an arbitrary mass of the above-mentioned carbonaceous material after cooling was taken (an amount such that the residual rate of Reactive Black 5 contained in the filtrate was about 10% according to the following formula (V)) into a 100 mL conical flask with a stopper, and the carbonaceous material was added to 50 mL of test solution A prepared above, and shaken at a speed of 150 times / min in a water bath at 40 °C for 5 hours using a thermostat (water bath shaker MM-10 (trade name) manufactured by Taitec Corporation) to obtain a mixed solution. Then, the filtrate was obtained by filtering the mixed solution using a membrane filter (DISMIC (registered trademark) 25HP 045AN (trade name) manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.). using a thermostat (water bath shaker MM-10 (trade name) manufactured by Taitec Corporation) and shaken at a speed of 150 times / min in a water bath at 40 °C for 5 hours to obtain a mixed solution. Then, the filtrate was obtained by filtering the mixed solution using a membrane filter (DISMIC (registered trademark) 25HP 045AN (trade name) manufactured by Advantec Toyo Co., Ltd.).

[0150] Using a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm, the absorbances of the obtained test solution B and the filtrate were measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Dual Beam Spectrophotometer U-2910 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation). Using a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm, the absorbances of the obtained test solution B and the filtrate were measured with an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Dual Beam Spectrophotometer U-2910 (trade name) manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation). At each wavelength of 594 nm, the absorbances were measured. Using these absorbances, the adsorption amount of reactive black 5 per gram of the carbonaceous material (hereinafter simply referred to as " "adsorption amount of RB5 per gram of carbonaceous material ( / g)") was calculated according to the following formula (IV). "adsorption amount of RB5 per gram of carbonaceous material ( / g)") was calculated according to the following formula (IV). Adsorption amount of RB5 per gram of carbonaceous material ( / g) = (Absorbance at 594 nm of test solution B × 20 - Absorbance at 594 nm of filtrate) / Mass of carbonaceous material (g) ··· "adsorption amount of RB5 per gram of carbonaceous material ( / g)") was calculated according to the following formula (IV). (IV)

[0151] Also, according to the following formula (V), the residual rate of reactive black 5 contained in the filtrate (hereinafter simply referred to as " "RB5 residual rate (%)") was calculated. RB5 residual rate (%) = (Absorbance at 594 nm of filtrate / (Absorbance at 594 nm of test solution B × 20)) × 100 ··· (V) nm of test solution B × 20)) × 100 ··· (V)

[0152] Next, a power approximation curve was created using the RB5 residual rate (%) on the horizontal axis and the adsorption amount of RB5 per gram of carbonaceous material ( / g) on the vertical axis. Using the power approximation formula, the adsorption amount of reactive black 5 when the RB5 residual rate is 1% (hereinafter simply referred to as " "adsorption amount of RB5 when the RB5 residual rate is 1% ( / g)") was obtained, and the reactive black 5 valence (g / L) was calculated according to formula (VI). "adsorption amount of RB5 when the RB5 residual rate is 1% ( / g)") was obtained, and the reactive black 5 valence (g / L) was calculated according to formula (VI). Reactive black 5 valence (g / L) = (Absorbance at 594 nm of test solution B × Reactive black 5 valence (g / L) = (Absorbance at 594 nm of test solution B × 20 × 0.99 / Adsorption amount of RB5 when the RB5 residual rate is 1% ( / g)) / 0.05 (L) ···(VI) In formula (VI), 0.05 (L) is the amount of the test solution.

[0153] (4) Mesopore ratio · Measurement of the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less Among the micropores calculated by the QSDFT method per 1 g of the carbonaceous material from the nitrogen adsorption isotherm the pore volume (cm 3 / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less was calculated as follows. Specifically for the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 0.70 nm or less, the value of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm obtained by "measurement of the nitrogen gas adsorption isotherm using BELSORP-MAX" was used, and the pore volume (cm / g) of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less was calculated by applying N 2 at 77K carbon[slit pore / cyl.pore (QSDFT Ads.model)] to calculate the pore size distribution. 3 3 3

[0154] · Measurement of the pore volume of mesopores - The pore volume (cm 2 / g) of the mesopores of the carbonaceous material determined by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of N at -196°C was measured. Specifically, using the nitrogen adsorption isotherm used in the measurement of the following BET specific surface area, in the region where the relative pressure P / P0 is 0.385 or more and 0.99 or less 3 3 3 a curve was obtained by BJH analysis. From the obtained curve, the cumulative pore volume for each pore diameter was calculated and the pore volume of mesopores with a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or more and 50.0 nm or less was calculated by subtracting the cumulative pore volume with a pore diameter of up to 2.0 nm from the cumulative pore volume with a pore diameter of up to 50.0 nm.

[0155] · Calculation of the mesopore ratio The mesopore ratio of the carbonaceous material was calculated. Specifically, the mesopore ratio (A / B) of the carbonaceous material is the pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less (cm 3 / g) (A) and the pore volume of mesopores (cm 3 / g) (B) were used to calculate according to the following formula ( VII). Mesopore ratio (A / B) of carbonaceous material = Pore volume of pores with a pore diameter of 1.00 nm or less (A) / Pore volume of mesopores (B) ··· (VII)

[0156] (5) Pore volume of mesopores - The pore volume of mesopores (cm 2 / g) of the carbonaceous material determined by the BJH method from the N adsorption isotherm at -196 °C was measured and calculated according to the "Measurement of pore volume of mesopores" in the above mesopore ratio. 3

[0157] (6) BET specific surface area - The specific surface area (m 2 / g) of the carbonaceous material determined by the BET method from the N adsorption isotherm at -196 °C was measured. 2 Specifically, the BET specific surface area (m 2 / g) was determined as follows. That is, first, a specific surface area / pore size distribution measuring device (BELSORP ( registered trademark) - miniII (product name) manufactured by Microtrac BEL Co., Ltd.) was used, and the carbonaceous material was heated at 250 °C for 3 hours under reduced pressure (vacuum degree: 0.1 kPa or less), and then the nitrogen adsorption isotherm of the carbonaceous material at -196 °C was measured. Using the obtained nitrogen adsorption isotherm, a straight line in the region where the relative pressure P / P0 = 0.01 or more and 0.10 or less was obtained by the multi-point method from the curve obtained by BET analysis, and the BET specific surface area was calculated from this straight line.

[0158] (7) Bulk density The bulk density (g / mL) of the carbonaceous material measured by the tapping method was calculated. Specifically, first, the carbonaceous material was dried in a constant-temperature dryer at 115 °C (DVS402 (trade name) manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) ) for 3 hours. Then, it was allowed to cool to room temperature in a desiccator using silica gel as a desiccant to obtain the carbonaceous material after cooling.

[0159] 5.0 g of the carbonaceous material after the above cooling was weighed and roughly divided into three equal parts. A part (about 1 / 3 amount) of the carbonaceous material was put into a 150 mL graduated cylinder (inner diameter: 31 mm, manufactured by Tsutsui Rikagaku Kikai Co., Ltd. (Co., Ltd.)). A rubber stopper was attached to the graduated cylinder and set on an automatic tapping device (powder reduction degree measuring machine TPM-3A type (trade name) manufactured by Tsutsui Rikagaku Kikai Co., Ltd.), and tapping was performed for 1 minute at a vibration amplitude of 45 mm and a vibration frequency of 35 - 36 times / min. After the tapping was completed, another part (about 1 / 3 amount) of the carbonaceous material from the previously divided three equal parts was further added to the graduated cylinder, a rubber stopper was attached, and tapping was performed for 1 minute under the same conditions as above. Then, the last part (about 1 / 3 amount) of the carbonaceous material from the previously divided three equal parts was further added to the graduated cylinder, a rubber stopper was attached, and tapping was performed for 30 minutes under the same conditions as above.

[0160] After the tapping was completed, the rubber stopper was removed, and the upper surface of the sample in the graduated cylinder was leveled with a spatula or the like, and the sample volume (mL) was visually measured from the scale of the graduated cylinder. Using the measured sample volume, the bulk density measured by the tapping method was calculated according to the following formula (VIII). Bulk density (g / mL) = mass of carbonaceous material (g) / measured sample volume (mL) ··· (V III)

[0161] (8) Chloroform filtration capacity The chloroform filtration capacity specified in the "Test Method for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019 Under the test conditions of the chloroform filtration capacity test, the chloroform filtration capacity (L / cm 3 ) of the carbonaceous material was calculated. In addition, the filtration capacity test was carried out in a downward-flow water column made of Duracon (registered trademark) (polyacetal) (self-designed and machined product, inner diameter φ50 mm, and height 60 mm), filled with 50 cm 3 of the carbonaceous material, and carried out at a filtration flow rate of 3.0 L / min.

[0162] (9) Anionic surfactant filtration capacity The anionic surfactant filtration capacity specified in the "Test Method for Household Water Purifiers" in JIS S3201:2019 Under the test conditions of the anionic surfactant filtration capacity test, the anionic surfactant filtration capacity (L / cm 3 ) of the carbonaceous material was calculated. In addition, the filtration capacity test was carried out in a downward-flow water column made of Duracon (registered trademark) (polyacetal) (self-designed and machined product, inner diameter φ50 mm, and height 60 mm), filled with 50 cm 3 of the carbonaceous material, and carried out at a filtration flow rate of 3.0 L / min.

[0163] [Example 1] (Carbonization process) At a temperature of 600 °C and for about 2 hours, the carbonization of coconut shells produced in the Philippines was carried out to obtain a carbide. obtained.

[0164] (Activation treatment) The obtained carbide was placed in a rotary kiln equipped with a stirring blade in a furnace heated to 900 °C as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In the rotary kiln, about 0.06 times the volume of the rotary kiln of 1 m 3 was used. It was charged at . Then, while rotating the kiln at a rotational speed of 3.0 rpm, gas (steam 4 0.0% by volume, oxygen 5.0% by volume, and nitrogen 55.0% by volume) was introduced into the kiln, and an activated product was obtained by performing an activation treatment for 13

[0165] Note that in the rotary kiln used, the stirring blades were installed every 60° around the central axis of the tubular body, and 6 pieces were installed. Also, the height of the stirring blades was 15% or more and 25% or less of the inner radius of the tubular body, and the thickness of the stirring blades was 40% or more and 80% or less of the thickness of the tubular body.

[0166] (Washing process, drying process, etc.) The obtained activated product was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then thoroughly washed with water to remove the remaining hydrochloric acid and dried to obtain a dried product. Then, the obtained dried product was pulverized, and using a wire mesh for standard sieves specified in JIS Z8801 -1:2019, a sieving was performed on a 140-mesh sieve (mesh opening size: 106 μm, Tokyo Screen Co., Ltd.) and below a 60-mesh sieve (mesh opening size: 233 μm, Tokyo Screen Co., Ltd.) to adjust the particle size (50% particle size of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) to 2 10 μm, thereby obtaining a pulverized carbonaceous material 1 which is activated carbon.

[0167] [Example 2] In the activation process, a pulverized carbonaceous material 2 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the activation treatment was performed for 200 minutes.

[0168] [Example 3] In the activation process, a pulverized carbonaceous material 3 which is activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the activation treatment was performed for 250 minutes.

[0169] [Example 4] In the activation process, except for performing the activation treatment for 280 minutes, in the same manner as in Example 1, activated a pulverized carbonaceous material 4, which is activated carbon, was obtained.

[0170] [Comparative Example 1] (Carbonization process) Carbides were obtained by carbonizing coconut shells produced in the Philippines at a temperature of 600 °C for about 2 hours.

[0171] (Activation treatment) The obtained carbide was introduced into a rotary kiln equipped with stirring blades in a furnace heated to 900 °C as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, at about 0.06 times the volume of the rotary kiln of 1 m 3 . Then, while rotating the kiln at a rotational speed of 3.0 rpm, a gas (steam 4 0.0% by volume, oxygen 5.0% by volume, and nitrogen 55.0% by volume) was introduced into the kiln, and an activation treatment was performed for 1 minute to obtain an activated product.

[0172] (Washing process, drying process, etc.) The obtained activated product was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then thoroughly washed and dried with water to remove the remaining hydrochloric acid, obtaining a dried product. Then, the obtained dried product was pulverized, and using a wire mesh for standard sieves specified in JIS Z8801 -1:2019, a pulverized carbonaceous material 5, which is activated carbon, was obtained by adjusting so that the particle size (50% particle diameter of the cumulative distribution based on volume, D50) becomes 210 μm using a sieve of 140 mesh (opening size: 106 μm, manufactured by Nishimura Wire Mesh Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) above and a sieve of 60 mesh (opening size: 233 μm, manufactured by Nishimura Wire Mesh Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ) below. )

[0173] [Comparative Example 2] In the activation process, a gas (steam 30.0% by volume, oxygen 2.5% by volume, and nitrogen 67. ​​​Except for introducing 5% by volume into the kiln and performing the activation treatment for 260 minutes, it was the same as in Example 1. In this way, a pulverized carbonaceous material 6, which is activated carbon, was obtained.

[0174] [Comparative Example 3] In the activation step, except for introducing a gas (30.0% by volume of steam, 2.5% by volume of oxygen, and 67. 5% by volume) into the kiln and performing the activation treatment for 390 minutes, it was the same as in Example 1. In this way, a pulverized carbonaceous material 7, which is activated carbon, was obtained.

[0175] [Table 1]

Industrial Applicability

[0176] The carbonaceous material of this embodiment can be suitably used for various applications that remove, adsorb, concentrate, and recover a wide range of harmful substances, from chloroform with a relatively small molecular size to anionic surfactants with a relatively large molecular size, with equivalent performance.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0177] A, B, C, D, E, F... stirring blades, 1... pipe body, 2... flow direction of the active gas, 3... rotation direction of the pipe body, 4... falling direction of the carbide, 5... carbide. ​

Claims

1. Pore ​​diameter calculated from nitrogen adsorption isotherm by QSDFT method per 1 g of carbonaceous material: 0.7 The pore volume of 0 nm or less is 0.16 cm ３ / g or more 0.30cm ３ / g or less, and iodine The adsorption amount is 750 mg / g or more and 1,340 mg / g or less, and Reactive Black 5-valent The carbonaceous material has a carbon content of 6.0 g / L or more and 67.0 g / L or less.

2. Pore ​​diameter calculated from nitrogen adsorption isotherm by QSDFT method per 1 g of carbonaceous material: 1.0 0 nm or less pore volume (A) and N ２ From the adsorption isotherm of The ratio (A / B) of the pore volume of the mesopores to the pore volume (B) obtained by The carbonaceous material of claim 1.

3. N at -196°C ２ The pore volume of mesopores obtained by the BJH method from the adsorption isotherm of The area is 0.030 cm ３ / g or more 0.140cm ３ / g or less of the carbon according to claim 1. quality material.

4. N at -196°C ２ The specific surface area calculated by the BET method from the adsorption isotherm is 61 0m ２ / g or more 1,400m ２ / g or less.

5. Packing density measured by tapping method is 0.36 g / mL or more and 0.60 g / mL or less The carbonaceous material of claim 1 ,

6. The method is used to remove at least chloroform and anionic surfactants in water. Item 6. The carbonaceous material according to any one of items 1 to 5.

7. a carbonization step of carbonizing the raw material to obtain a carbonized material; any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an activation step of activating the carbonized material to obtain an activated material. A method for producing the carbonaceous material according to claim 1.

8. The method according to claim 7 , further comprising a washing step of washing the activation product.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the raw material is coconut shell.

10. An adsorption filter comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

11. A water purifier cartridge comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

12. A water purifier comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

13. A water purification facility comprising the carbonaceous material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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