Decorative laminate, transfer sheet, decorative member, and mobile body

Abstract

To provide a decorative laminate that has a stereoscopic effect and expresses a mat texture, and to provide a decorative member.SOLUTION: A decorative laminate 10 has a front side surface 11 and a rear side surface 12, and includes a shaped layer 20 and a diffusion layer 90. The shaped layer 20 has a shaped surface 20a on which a rugged structure 25 is formed. The decorative laminate 10 includes at least one unit optical element 13. The shaped surface 20a on the unit optical element 13 comprises a plurality of inclined planes 26A and a plurality of connection planes 26B connecting neighboring inclined planes 26A. An angle of an inclined plane 26A relative to the normal direction is larger than an angle of a connection plane 26B connected to the inclined plane 26A relative to the normal line. The diffusion layer 90 diffuses incident light. A ratio G(85) / G(20) is 2 to 30, the ratio being a ratio of the specular glossiness G(85) at an incidence angle 85° on the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, relative to the specular glossiness G(20) at an incidence angle 20° on the front side surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a decorative laminate, a transfer sheet, a decorative member, and a moving body.

Background Art

[0002] Decorative laminates for decorating interior and exterior automotive products (such as instrument panels), home appliances, houses, etc. are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 discloses a decorative laminate provided with an uneven pattern on its surface.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] By the way, such a decorative laminate is required to enable various design expressions. In particular, it is desired that the decorative laminate expresses a design having a three-dimensional effect. On the other hand, there are cases where it is desired that the decorative laminate expresses a matte texture with suppressed gloss. According to a decorative laminate having a three-dimensional effect and expressing a matte texture, a rich design expression with a high-class feeling can be achieved.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a decorative laminate and a decorative member having a three-dimensional effect and expressing a matte texture.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the following [1] to

[14] .

[0007] [1] It has a front side and a back side facing the front side, and includes a shaped layer and a diffusion layer located closer to the front side than the shaped layer and facing the shaped layer, and is a decorative laminate The shaped layer has a shaped surface on which a concavo-convex structure is formed The decorative laminate has at least one unit optical element that reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light according to the concavo-convex structure In the unit optical element, the shaped surface includes a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate and inclined toward the reference line, and a plurality of connection surfaces connecting adjacent inclined surfaces The angle of the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction is larger than the angle of the connection surface connecting to the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction The diffusion layer diffuses incident light A decorative laminate in which a ratio G(85) / G(20), which is a ratio of a specular glossiness G(85) at an incident angle of 85° to a specular glossiness G(20) at an incident angle of 20° on the front side of the decorative laminate, is 2 or more and 30 or less

[0008] [2] The plurality of inclined surfaces are lens surfaces The decorative laminate according to [1], wherein the plurality of connection surfaces are rise surfaces

[0009] [3] The decorative laminate according to [1] or [2], wherein a specular glossiness G(60) at an incident angle of 60° on the front side of the decorative laminate is 70 or less

[0010] [4] The total light reflectance (R SCI ) measured from the side of the front side in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009 is 10% or more, and the decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to [3]

[0011] [5] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the diffusion layer contains a binder resin and a light diffusing material dispersed in the binder resin.

[0012] [6] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the diffusion layer has an uneven surface for diffusing incident light.

[0013] [7] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the decorative laminate includes a brightness adjustment layer that covers the shaping surface of the shaping layer.

[0014] [8] The decorative laminate according to [7], wherein the brightness adjustment layer is a vapor deposition film.

[0015] [9] The shaping surface of the shaping layer faces the back side, The decorative laminate according to [7] or [8], further comprising a second brightness adjustment layer that is located closer to the back side than the brightness adjustment layer and contacts the brightness adjustment layer.

[0016]

[10] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the plurality of connection surfaces form an angle with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate.

[0017]

[11] The decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[10] , further comprising a base material that is located closer to the front side than the diffusion layer and faces the diffusion layer.

[0018]

[12] A transfer sheet comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[10] , and a transfer base material facing the front side of the decorative laminate.

[0019]

[13] A forming part, and A decorative member comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[11] covering at least a part of the forming portion.

[0020]

[14] A moving body comprising the decorative laminate according to any one of [1] to

[11] .

Advantages of the Invention

[0021] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a decorative laminate and a decorative member having a three-dimensional effect and expressing a matte texture.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022]

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to this specification, for the convenience of illustration and easy understanding, the scale, the aspect ratio of the vertical and horizontal dimensions, etc. are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual object.

[0024] To clarify the relationship of directions between the drawings, in some drawings, common directions are indicated by arrows with common reference signs. An arrow pointing into the depth along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is indicated by a symbol with an X in a circle, as shown in FIG. 2 for example. Further, an arrow pointing forward along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is indicated by a symbol with a dot in a circle, as shown in FIG. 3 for example. The number of the tilting surface 26A and the connecting surface 26B described later in the drawings may be appropriately changed and represented for each drawing from the viewpoint of simplifying the drawings.

[0025] In this specification, terms such as "parallel", "perpendicular", "identical", etc., which specify shapes, geometric conditions, and the degrees thereof, and values such as lengths and angles are not restricted to their strict meanings, and are interpreted to include ranges to the extent that similar functions can be expected.

[0026] In this specification, terms such as "film", "sheet", and "plate" are not distinguished from each other based only on the difference in name. For example, a "transfer sheet" cannot be distinguished from a member called a transfer film only by the difference in name.

[0027] In this specification, when a plurality of upper limit value candidates and a plurality of lower limit value candidates are listed for a certain parameter, the numerical range of that parameter may be constituted by combining any one upper limit value candidate and any one lower limit value candidate. As an example, consider the description "Parameter B may be A1 or more, may be A2 or more, and may be A3 or more. Parameter B may be A4 or less, may be A5 or less, and may be A6 or less." In this example, the numerical range of parameter B may be A1 or more and A4 or less, may be A1 or more and A5 or less, may be A1 or more and A6 or less, may be A2 or more and A4 or less, may be A2 or more and A5 or less, may be A2 or more and A6 or less, may be A3 or more and A4 or less, may be A3 or more and A5 or less, and may be A3 or more and A6 or less.

[0028] In this specification, "suppression" means to hold back or prevent realization, generation, etc., and also means not only to completely prevent realization, generation, etc., but also to reduce the possibility of realization, generation, etc., or to make it difficult for realization, generation, etc. to occur.

[0029] FIGS. 1 to 17 are diagrams for explaining one embodiment. Among them, FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing application examples of a decorative member 3 provided with a decorative laminate 10. The decorative laminate 10 is formed in a sheet shape and is also called a decorative sheet. The decorative laminate 10 displays a design and imparts design characteristics to an article (the decorative member 3 in the example shown in FIG. 1) to which the decorative laminate 10 is applied.

[0030] In the example shown in FIG. 1, the decorative member 3 is used for the moving body 1. In the illustrated example, the decorative member 3 is installed on the front panel 2 of the moving body 1. As will be described later, the decorative member 3 includes a decorative laminate 10. Therefore, the moving body 1 provided with the decorative member 3 includes the decorative laminate 10. The front panel 2 is formed as a front grille in an engine vehicle. On the other hand, in an electric vehicle, a heat exchanger to be air-cooled such as a radiator may not be installed. Therefore, the front panel 2 may not be formed as a grille with a large number of holes.

[0031] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to specific application examples shown in the drawings. The moving body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an automobile. However, the moving body 1 to which the decorative member 3 is applied is not limited to an automobile. The decorative member 3 is also applicable to other moving bodies 1 as movable devices. Examples of moving bodies 1 other than automobiles include railway vehicles, carts, ships, airplanes, helicopters, drones, and robots. The decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10 may be used for the interior body of the moving body. The decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10 are also applicable to, for example, building materials such as interior materials, exterior materials, ceiling materials, and floor materials, cases of home appliances, communication equipment housings, cosmetic containers, and the like. More specifically, the decorative member 3 and the decorative laminate 10 are also applicable to the housing of a smartphone and the cover of a smartphone.

[0032] <<Decorative Member>> First, the overall configuration of the decorative member 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the decorative member 3 has a front surface 3a and a back surface 3b facing the front surface 3a. The front surface 3a and the back surface 3b extend along the front surface 66 and the back surface 67 of a molding part 65 to be described later, respectively. In the illustrated example, the front surface 3a and the back surface 3b extend flatly in the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy orthogonal to the X direction Dx, respectively. The front surface 3a and the back surface 3b face each other in the Z direction Dz orthogonal to both the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy. The Z direction Dz coincides with the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the front surface 3a and the back surface 3b may be curved surfaces.

[0033] In the example shown in FIG. 2, the decorative member 3 includes a molding part 65 and a decorative laminate 10 covering at least a part of the molding part 65. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the molding part 65 and the decorative laminate 10 are laminated in this order in the direction (Z direction Dz) from the back surface 3b to the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the decorative member 3 is disposed facing the sensor 5. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the molding part 65 faces the sensor 5, and the decorative laminate 10 faces the observer 6.

[0034] The decorative laminate 10 has a front surface 11 and a back surface 12. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the front surface 11 forms the front surface 3a of the decorative member 3. The back surface 12 faces the back surface 3b side (molding part 65 side) of the decorative member 3. The front surface 11 and the back surface 12 extend along the front surface 66 of a molding part 65 to be described later. In the illustrated example, the front surface 11 and the back surface 12 extend flatly in the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy, respectively. The front surface 11 and the back surface 12 face each other in the Z direction Dz. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the front surface 11 and the back surface 12 may be curved surfaces.

[0035] The forming portion 65 has a front surface 66 and a back surface 67. The back surface 67 forms the back surface 3b of the decorative member 3. The front surface 66 faces the front surface 3a side (the decorative laminate 10 side) of the decorative member 3. In the illustrated example, the front surface 66 and the back surface 67 each extend planar in the X direction Dx and the Y direction Dy. And the front surface 66 and the back surface 67 face each other in the Z direction Dz. However, not limited to this example, the front surface 66 and the back surface 67 may be curved surfaces.

[0036] The forming portion 65 may be formed of various materials such as resin materials and glass. The resin material forming the forming portion 65 is not particularly limited. Examples of the resin material forming the forming portion 65 include polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-diene-styrene (AES), and acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA).

[0037] The forming portion 65 may be colored. In this case, a desired color can be imparted to the decorative member 3. The forming portion 65 may be transparent or opaque. When the forming portion 65 is opaque, at least a part of the article to which the decorative member 3 is applied can be concealed by the forming portion 65. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the decorative member 3 can conceal the sensor 5 due to the forming portion 65 being opaque. In this case, the colored forming portion 65 can be made of the same material as the coloring layer 36 described later.

[0038] Note that the "transparent" as used in this specification means that the total light transmittance, when measured using a haze meter (Model "HM-150N" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd., compliant with JIS K7361:1997), is 50% or more. Materials and members referred to as transparent in this specification preferably have a total light transmittance of 80% or more when measured by the above method.

[0039] Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 2, the decorative member 3 can be arranged to face the sensor 5 that uses electromagnetic waves with a wavelength longer than visible light. The sensor 5 may monitor the situation around the moving body 1 as an example. The detection result of the sensor 5 can be transmitted to the control device 4 of the moving body 1. Based on the detection result of the sensor 5, the control device 4 may issue an alarm or control the movement of the moving body 1. For example, the sensor 5 may detect an obstacle or the like in front of the moving body 1. This sensor 5 may be capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. By the sensor 5 receiving the reflected wave reflected by an obstacle or the like, the presence or absence of an obstacle and the distance to the obstacle can be detected. The sensor 5 may be a millimeter-wave radar device. The millimeter-wave radar device may use millimeter waves with a wavelength of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less as electromagnetic waves. Alternatively, the sensor 5 may be a lidar device. The lidar device may use infrared rays as electromagnetic waves.

[0040] The sensor 5 faces the back surface 3b of the decorative member 3. The electromagnetic wave used by the sensor 5 passes through the decorative member 3 along the Z direction Dz. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the front surface 3a and the back surface 3b serve as the emission surface and the incident surface of the electromagnetic wave. The front surface 3a and the back surface 3b are preferably flat surfaces at least in the region facing the sensor 5 in the Z direction Dz. By making the front surface 3a and the back surface 3b flat surfaces, a decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor 5 due to the diffusion of the electromagnetic wave can be suppressed.

[0041] <<Decorative laminate>> Next, the decorative laminate 10 will be described in more detail. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the decorative laminate 10. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the decorative laminate 10 includes a shaped layer 20 and a diffusion layer 90. In FIG. 3, the illustration of the diffusion layer 90 is omitted. The diffusion layer 90 is located closer to the front surface 11 than the reflection interface 27 described later. The diffusion layer 90 is located closer to the front surface 11 than the shaped layer 20 and faces the shaped layer 20. The shaped layer 20 has a shaped surface 20a on which an uneven structure 25 is formed. The shaped layer 20 has a non-shaped surface 20b located on the side opposite to the shaped surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the non-shaped surface 20b is a flat surface perpendicular to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the shaped surface 20a faces the back surface 12. The non-shaped surface 20b faces the front surface 11. The decorative laminate 10 includes a luminance adjustment layer 30 that covers the shaped surface 20a of the shaped layer 20. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the decorative laminate 10 includes a filling layer 40. The filling layer 40 is located closer to the front surface 11 than the shaped layer 20 and faces the shaped layer 20. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the filling layer 40 is located closer to the front surface 11 than the luminance adjustment layer 30. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the filling layer 40, the luminance adjustment layer 30, and the shaped layer 20 are laminated in this order in the direction from the back surface 12 to the front surface 11 along the Z direction Dz. The filling layer 40 fills the unevenness described later formed in the luminance adjustment layer 30. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the diffusion layer 90 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The filling layer 40 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 3, the decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit optical element 13. Each unit optical element 13 reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts the light incident on the front surface 11 according to the uneven structure 25 of the shaped surface 20a. Thereby, a three-dimensional effect greater than the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 can be expressed. As a result, the design property of the decorative laminate 10 is improved. In the illustrated example, the decorative laminate 10 has a plurality of unit optical elements 13. Thereby, a complex design by the combination of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 can be imparted to the decorative laminate 10.

[0043] <Shaping layer> First, the shaping layer 20 will be described. The shaping layer 20 plays a role of enabling rich design expression by expressing a three-dimensional feeling equal to or greater than the thickness of the shaping layer 20.

[0044] The shaping layer 20 will be described. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit shaping element 23. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the shaping layer 20 has a plurality of unit shaping elements 23. By the shaping layer 20 including a plurality of unit shaping elements 23, a plurality of unit optical elements 13 can be formed in the decorative laminate 10. One unit shaping element 23 corresponds to one unit optical element 13. On the shaping surface 20a, an uneven structure 25 is formed in each unit shaping element 23. The uneven structure 25 can be formed by shaping the shaping layer 20 using a shaping die 100 described later.

[0045] Since the uneven structure 25 is formed on the shaped surface 20a, the light incident on the unit optical element 13 is subjected to an optical action corresponding to the uneven structure 25. The unit optical element 13 reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts the incident light according to the uneven structure 25. In the illustrated example, the shape of the uneven structure 25 is determined so as to converge and / or diverge the parallel light incident on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The whole or a part of each unit optical element 13 may be configured to collect the light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. In this specification, a lens configured to collect the light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is referred to as a "convex lens". A convex lens is a lens configured to provide an optical action similar to that of a convex mirror. A lens configured to diverge the light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is referred to as a "concave lens". A concave lens is a lens configured to provide an optical action similar to that of a concave mirror. In the example shown in FIG. 4, when the decorative laminate 10 is observed from the front surface 11 side, the whole of the unit optical element 13 functions as a convex lens. A part of the unit optical element 13 may function as a convex lens. The whole or a part of the unit optical element 13 may function as a concave lens. By causing the whole or a part of the unit optical element 13 to function as a convex lens or a concave lens, the decorative laminate 10 can express a design that has a depth greater than the actual thickness of the decorative laminate 10. As a result, the decorative laminate 10 can express a three-dimensional effect. Therefore, the decorative laminate 10 can realize a rich design expression with a sense of luxury.

[0046] The dimensions of each unit shaping element 23 in the plan view of the decorative laminate 10 (and thus the dimensions of each unit optical element 13) are not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the design expressed by the decorative laminate 10. However, from the viewpoint of enabling the visual effect by the unit optical element 13, it is preferable that each unit shaping element 23 has a size that can be distinguished by the naked eye. Specifically, the shortest length of the unit shaping element 23 may be 1.0 mm or more, 10 mm or more, or 20 mm or more. Also, the longest length of the unit shaping element 23 may be 200 mm or less, or 100 mm or less. The dimensions of each unit shaping element 23 in the plan view of the decorative laminate 10 may be 1.0 mm or more and 200 mm or less.

[0047] In the unit optical element 13, the shaped surface 20a includes a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each unit shaping element 23 corresponding to each unit optical element 13 has a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B. Thereby, a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connecting surfaces 26B are formed in each unit optical element 13.

[0048] The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are arranged in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 and are inclined toward the reference line. The plurality of connecting surfaces 26B connect adjacent inclined surfaces 26A. In the illustrated example, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are arranged in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10 and are inclined toward the first reference line L1. The unit optical element 13 including the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A arranged in a direction toward a reference line and inclined toward the reference line includes a unit optical element 13 including a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 arranged in a direction toward the first reference line L1 and inclined toward the first reference line L1 and a plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 arranged in a direction toward a second reference line L2 and inclined toward the second reference line L2 on any of the above cross-sections.

[0049] The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and the plurality of connection surfaces 26B bring an optical action corresponding to the shapes of the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and the plurality of connection surfaces 26B to the light incident on the unit optical element 13.

[0050] In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are lens surfaces. In other words, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A correspond to a plurality of lens surfaces obtained by dividing a continuous lens surface along a plane perpendicular to its thickness direction. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plurality of connection surfaces 26B are rise surfaces. In other words, the plurality of connection surfaces 26B correspond to rise surfaces connecting adjacent lens surfaces. According to such a concavo-convex structure 25, the unit optical element 13 can function as a lens. Further, according to such a concavo-convex structure 25, an increase in the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 due to the unit optical element 13 functioning as a lens can be effectively suppressed. For example, when the decorative member 3 is used for the front grille of a vehicle as shown in the illustrated example, the decorative member 3 may be desired to be thinned from the viewpoint of weight reduction. Further, when the decorative member 3 is disposed facing the sensor 5, it is required that the electromagnetic wave emitted from the sensor 5 passes through the decorative member 3 with a high transmittance. In this case, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the decorative laminate 10. Since the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are lens surfaces and the plurality of connection surfaces 26B are rise surfaces, the unit optical element 13 functions as a lens. Thereby, in the region where the decorative laminate 10 has the unit optical element 13, a three-dimensional effect greater than or equal to the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 can be expressed.

[0051] The shaped surface 20a forms a reflection interface 27 where light is reflected. In the example shown in FIG. 4, a reflection interface 27 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the uneven structure 25 of the shaped surface 20a is formed between the shaped surface 20a and the luminance adjustment layer 30 covering the shaped surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the reflection interface 27 is formed at the position of the shaped surface 20a. Although not shown, the reflection interface 27 may be formed at a position away from the shaped surface 20a in the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10 of the inclined surface 26A. That is, the position of the shaped surface 20a formed by shaping and the position of the reflection interface 27 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the shaped surface 20a and reflecting light may be different.

[0052] The angle of the inclined surface 26A with respect to the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 is larger than the angle of the connection surface 26B connected to the inclined surface 26A with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. Specifically, the angle θC of the inclined surface 26A with respect to the normal direction Dn described below is larger than the angle θB of the connection surface 26B connected to the inclined surface 26A with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. The maximum value of the inclination angle θA of the tangent plane in contact with the inclined surface 26A with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10 is the angle θC. The maximum value of the inclination angle of the tangent plane in contact with the connection surface 26B adjacent to the inclined surface 26A with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10 is the angle θB. The angle θB is also referred to as the rise angle θB. When the inclined surface 26A has a portion perpendicular to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10 and the connection surface 26B does not have a portion perpendicular to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10, the angle θC is considered to be larger than the angle θB.

[0053] In the example shown in FIG. 4, a part of the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 that forms the unit optical element 13 forms a curved surface 25a that protrudes from the back surface 12 toward the front surface 11 in the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the concavo-convex structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 has a Fresnel lens structure. In this case, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A correspond to a plurality of lens surfaces obtained by dividing the lens surface of a curved lens such as a spherical lens or a cylindrical lens into a plurality along a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction (optical axis direction) of the curved lens. The plurality of connection surfaces 26B correspond to rise surfaces that connect the plurality of lens surfaces. In the present embodiment, the concavo-convex structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 has a structure of a linear Fresnel lens or a combination of linear Fresnel lenses. In particular, the concavo-convex structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 4 has a structure in which linear Fresnel lenses are combined. For this reason, when the decorative laminate 10 is observed from the front surface 11 side, the entire unit optical element 13 functions as a convex lens. Each unit optical element 13 of the present embodiment has an optical axis Ax.

[0054] In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the unit optical element 13 includes a first region 234. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 includes a first region 234. The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A includes at least one first inclined surface 26A1 disposed in the first region 234. In the present embodiment, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A includes a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1. The plurality of connection surfaces 26B includes at least one first connection surface 26B1 that connects adjacent first inclined surfaces 26A1. The plurality of connection surfaces 26B includes a plurality of first connection surfaces 26B1. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are flat surfaces. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 correspond to a plurality of lens surfaces obtained by dividing a continuous lens surface along a plane perpendicular to its thickness direction. The plurality of first connection surfaces 26B1 correspond to rise surfaces that connect the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 corresponding to the plurality of lens surfaces. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 is configured to have a function corresponding to the function of each of the plurality of curved surfaces formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface. By adjusting the inclination of the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 that are flat surfaces, each of the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 can be configured to have a function corresponding to the function of each of the plurality of curved surfaces formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface. Although not shown, each of the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 may be a curved surface having a shape formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface. With such a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1, the unit optical element 13 can function as a convex lens while suppressing the thickness of the shaping layer 20 to be small.

[0055] As described above, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are arranged in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10 and are inclined toward the reference line. A plurality of inclined surfaces that are continuously arranged at a position close to the reference line are referred to as reference line proximity inclined surfaces. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the reference line (first reference line L1) passes through the first region 234. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are continuously arranged at a position close to the reference line. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the first inclined surface 26A1 corresponds to the reference line proximity inclined surface.

[0056] As an example, in a cross-section of the unit optical element 13 along the direction in which a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are arranged, the standard deviation of the pitch on one side of the reference line of the reference line-proximate inclined surface is 5 μm or less and the standard deviation of the height is 1 μm or less. FIG. 4 corresponds to a cross-section of the unit optical element 13 along the direction in which the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are arranged. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the first inclined surface 26A1 corresponds to the reference line-proximate inclined surface. In this case, the standard deviation of the pitch P on one side of the reference line (the right side or the left side of the first reference line L1 in FIG. 4) of the first inclined surface 26A1 may be 5 μm or less and the standard deviation of the height H26 of the inclined surface 26A may be 1 μm or less. According to the decorative laminate 10 having such a unit optical element 13, a novel design expression with a three-dimensional effect can be realized.

[0057] When 10 or more reference line-proximate inclined surfaces are arranged on one side of the reference line, the standard deviation of the pitch on one side of the reference line of the reference line-proximate inclined surface is the standard deviation of the pitch on one side of the reference line of the 10 inclined surfaces closest to the reference line in a certain cross-section of the unit optical element 13 along the direction in which the plurality of inclined surfaces are arranged. When 10 or more reference line-proximate inclined surfaces are arranged on one side of the reference line, the standard deviation of the height on one side of the reference line of the reference line-proximate inclined surface is the standard deviation of the height on one side of the reference line of the 10 inclined surfaces closest to the reference line in a certain cross-section of the unit optical element 13 along the direction in which the plurality of inclined surfaces are arranged.

[0058] In the example shown in FIG. 3, in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the concavo-convex structure 25 has an inclined surface 26A extending along at least a part of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. In the example shown in FIG. 3, a first inclined surface 26A1 extends along the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. Thereby, the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13 can be effectively emphasized. In the illustrated example, a gap region 24 is formed between adjacent unit optical elements 13. This also enables the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13 to be effectively emphasized. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of unit optical elements 13 have an outer contour 23a in a regular hexagonal shape in plan view. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of unit optical elements 13 form a honeycomb structure.

[0059] In the example shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are arranged in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined toward the first reference line L1. The position of the first reference line L1 when the decorative laminate 10 is viewed in plan view is determined at a single point. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the first reference line L1 serving as a reference for the direction in which the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined in each unit optical element 13 coincides with the optical axis Ax of each unit optical element 13.

[0060] In the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a first region 234 extends over the entire one of the unit optical elements 13. In other words, the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has the first region 234 and does not have a second region 235 described later. In the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the concavo-convex structure 25 in each unit optical element 13 has a Fresnel lens structure. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 and the plurality of first connection surfaces 26B1 formed in the first region 234 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 form a Fresnel lens structure.

[0061] When a plurality of unit optical elements 13 are regularly arranged as shown in FIG. 3, the geometric centers GC of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 in plan view may be regularly arranged. In the present embodiment, the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 is the geometric center of the shape of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 observed from the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. In the present embodiment, the distances between the geometric centers GC of adjacent unit optical elements 13 are substantially uniform. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the geometric center GC of each unit optical element 13 coincides with the optical axis Ax of each unit optical element 13.

[0062] As described above, each unit optical element 13 of the present embodiment has an optical axis Ax. Thus, when each unit optical element 13 has an optical axis Ax, the optical axes Ax of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be regularly arranged. In this case, the distances between the optical axes Ax of adjacent unit optical elements 13 are substantially uniform. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the optical axis Ax of each unit optical element 13 passes through the geometric center GC of each unit optical element 13 in plan view. However, the position of the optical axis Ax of the unit optical element 13 is not limited thereto. The optical axis Ax of each unit optical element 13 may not pass through the geometric center GC of the unit optical element 13 in plan view.

[0063] In the present embodiment, the decorative laminate 10 has a gap region 24 formed between the plurality of unit optical elements 13. In the illustrated example, a gap region 24 is formed between adjacent unit optical elements 13. More specifically, one side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 labeled 131 and one side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 labeled 132 are adjacent to each other with the gap region 24 therebetween. A gap region 24 is formed between the sides 23b of the outer contours 23a of the unit optical element 13 labeled 131 and the unit optical element 13 labeled 132.

[0064] In the example shown in FIG. 3, in a plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the shape of each inclined surface 26A is similar to the shape of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13. Each inclined surface 26A extends in parallel with the outer contour 23a over the entire circumference of the outer contour 23a. Thereby, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 can be made to stand out more effectively.

[0065] As an example, the concavo-convex structure 25 in each unit optical element 13 has a structure that is a linear Fresnel lens or a combination of linear Fresnel lenses. In the example shown in FIG. 3, each inclined surface 26A in each unit optical element 13 includes a portion that linearly extends parallel to a side 23b between any side 23b of the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 and the optical axis Ax of the unit optical element 13. Thereby, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 can be made to stand out effectively.

[0066] Each unit optical element 13 can be appropriately designed according to the function required for the decorative laminate 10 or the design expressed by the decorative laminate 10. When the decorative member 3 is disposed facing the sensor 5 as in the illustrated example, the decorative laminate 10 is required to allow the electromagnetic wave emitted from the sensor 5 to transmit through the decorative member 3 with a high transmittance. In this case, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the decorative laminate 10. The design expressed by the decorative laminate 10 may vary depending on the use of the decorative laminate 10. For example, when the decorative laminate 10 is used as an exterior material of the moving body 1, it is preferable to suppress the generation of iridescence on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. On the other hand, there may be a case where the decorative laminate 10 is preferably designed so that iridescence is generated on its front surface 11.

[0067] When reducing the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 while expressing a three-dimensional effect equal to or greater than the thickness of the decorative laminate 10, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 0.2 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and still more preferably 1 μm or more. Also, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 25 μm or less, and still more preferably 10 μm or less. Therefore, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 may be 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. When the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is 1 μm or more, the visibility of the design displayed by the optical effect can be further improved. In this specification, the "height H25 of the uneven structure" means the maximum value of the height (dimension in the Z direction Dz) H26 (see FIG. 4) of the inclined surface 26A or the connecting surface 26B forming the uneven structure.

[0068] When suppressing the generation of iridescence on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably greater than 1.0 μm.

[0069] When suppressing the generation of iridescence on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the pitch P of the uneven structure 25 (also referred to as the pitch P of the inclined surface 26A) is preferably 7.5 μm or more, more preferably 12 μm or more, and still more preferably 15 μm or more. Also, from the viewpoint of realizing a smaller size of the unit optical element 13, the pitch P of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less, and still more preferably 20 μm or less. Therefore, the pitch P of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 7.5 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0070] On the other hand, when it is desired to generate iridescence on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 0.1 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more. Also, in this case, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 1.0 μm or less. Therefore, the height H25 of the uneven structure 25 is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 1.0 μm or less.

[0071] When it is desired to generate iridescent light on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the pitch P of the concavo-convex structure 25 is preferably less than 7.5 μm, more preferably 5 μm or less, and still more preferably 2 μm or less.

[0072] From the viewpoint of accurately forming the concavo-convex structure 25, the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.2 μm or more, more preferably 0.5 μm or more, and still more preferably 1.5 μm or more. Also, from the same viewpoint, the pitch P of the concavo-convex structure 25 is preferably 2 μm or more, more preferably 4 μm or more, and still more preferably 8 μm or more.

[0073] The pitches P of the concavo-convex structures 25 may be equal to each other or different from each other. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the pitch P of the concavo-convex structure 25 varies depending on the distance from the optical axis Ax of the concavo-convex structure 25. Specifically, the pitch P decreases as the distance from the optical axis Ax increases. The height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25, the height H26 of the inclined surface 26A, and the pitch P can be measured by observing an image of the cross section of the decorative laminate 10 using a scanning electron microscope.

[0074] As described above, the concavo-convex structure 25 of the present embodiment is a Fresnel lens structure. The concavo-convex structure 25 of the present embodiment has a focal point. Thus, when the concavo-convex structure 25 has a focal point, the focal length of the concavo-convex structure 25 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 350 mm or less. The focal length of the concavo-convex structure 25 is more preferably 2 mm or more and 250 mm or less, and still more preferably 5 mm or more and 150 mm or less. Thereby, in the region where the unit optical element 13 of the shaping layer 20 is provided, a three-dimensional effect greater than or equal to the thickness of the shaping layer 20 can be effectively expressed. For this reason, a rich design expression with a sense of luxury can be realized.

[0075] The focal length of the concavo-convex structure 25 in at least one of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be different from the focal length of the concavo-convex structure 25 in the other unit optical elements 13. Thereby, the observer perceives the positions of the respective unit optical elements 13 in the Z direction Dz to be different from each other. Thereby, it is possible to realize a novel design expression with a three-dimensional effect.

[0076] The rise angle θB (see FIG. 4) of the concavo-convex structure 25 can be set as appropriate. The connection surface 26B may extend in the Z direction Dz parallel to the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10, or may extend non-parallel to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. In other words, the rise angle θB may be 0° or may be greater than 0°. Considering that the concavo-convex structure 25 is formed into an easily shaped form and the shaping surface 20a and another layer (in the illustrated example, the brightness adjustment layer 30) are more firmly adhered, the rise angle θB is preferably 15° or more, and more preferably 25° or more. From the viewpoint of ensuring a sufficient area of the inclined surface 26A and appropriately exerting the lens effect on the concavo-convex structure 25 (in other words, from the viewpoint of displaying an appropriate depth feeling in the shaping layer 20), the rise angle θB is preferably 55° or less, and more preferably 45° or less.

[0077] In the illustrated example, as the material constituting the shaping layer 20, a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and urethane acrylate is adopted. Also, in the illustrated example, the material constituting the shaping layer 20 contains silicone. Such a shaping layer 20 can be formed by applying its liquid precursor material onto a base material 72 or the like described later, then shaping it with a shaping mold and curing it by ultraviolet irradiation. The precursor material of the shaping layer 20 may be, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin containing an acrylic resin and a (meth)acrylic polymerizable monomer or oligomer. The acrylic resin in this case may have a polymerizable unsaturated group. In this specification, the expression (meth)acrylic means one or both of "acrylic" and "methacrylic". The mass ratio of the acrylic resin / (meth)acrylic polymerizable monomer or oligomer is preferably 35 / 65 or more and 95 / 5 or less, and more preferably 70 / 30 or more and 90 / 10 or less. The acrylic resin / (meth)acrylic polymerizable monomer or oligomer in this case may have a polymerizable unsaturated group in the ultraviolet curable resin. The shaping layer 20 formed in this way is flexible and has stretchability. Therefore, when the decorative laminate 10 is curved or stretched along the surface of the molding part 65, the shaping layer 20 can be curved or stretched as desired. In other words, there is little possibility that the shaping layer 20 will prevent the bending or stretching of the decorative laminate 10.

[0078] In the illustrated example, the shaping layer 20 is transparent so that the brightness adjustment layer 30 can be visually recognized from the front surface 11. In the illustrated example, the uneven structures 25 of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are integrally formed without joints (see FIG. 4). In the example shown in FIG. 4, the uneven structures 25 of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 and the gap region 24 located between the uneven structures 25 are integrally formed without joints.

[0079] <Brightness adjustment layer> Next, the brightness adjustment layer 30 will be described. The brightness adjustment layer 30 is a layer that adjusts the brightness of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10. By adjusting the brightness of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10, a rich design with a sense of luxury can be more effectively imparted to the decorative laminate 10.

[0080] The brightness adjustment layer 30 is provided to adjust the reflectance of visible light measured on the side of the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The brightness adjustment layer 30 covers the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. Thereby, the reflectance of visible light at the reflection interface 27 between the shaped surface 20a and the brightness adjustment layer 30 is adjusted, and the reflectance of visible light measured on the side of the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is adjusted. Concavities and convexities corresponding to the shaped surface 20a are formed on the surface of the brightness adjustment layer 30 facing the shaping layer 20. In other words, the brightness adjustment layer 30 has a concavo-convex structure corresponding to the concavo-convex structure 25 of the shaping layer 20.

[0081] As an example, the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the reflective layer 33. By covering the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20, the reflective layer 33 forms a reflective interface 27 between the shaped surface 20a and the reflective layer 33. The reflective layer 33 improves the reflectance of visible light at the reflective interface 27 between the shaped surface 20a and the reflective layer 33, thereby adjusting the luminance of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10. This reflective layer 33 can be formed by vapor deposition of a metal material or an inorganic material, or coating with a metal material or an inorganic material. The reflective layer 33 may be a transparent vapor deposition layer. The reflective layer 33 is formed as a thin film-like layer. The thickness of the reflective layer 33 may be thinner than the height H26 of the connection surface 26B (the height of the inclined surface 26A). The thickness of the reflective layer 33 may be less than half of the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25, may be 25% or less of the height H26 of the connection surface 26B (the height of the inclined surface 26A), or may be 10% or less of the height H26 of the connection surface 26B (the height of the inclined surface 26A). The reflective layer 33 having such a thickness has concavities and convexities corresponding to the concavities and convexities of the shaped surface 20a on the side opposite to the side facing the shaped surface 20a without filling the concavities and convexities of the shaped surface 20a. Although not shown, the reflective layer 33 may fill the concavities and convexities of the shaped surface 20a. As an example, when the decorative laminate 10 includes the reflective layer 33 and the shaping layer 20 is transparent, the reflective interface 27 formed between the shaped surface 20a and the reflective layer 33 becomes visible from the front surface 11.

[0082] In the example shown in FIG. 13A, the luminance adjustment layer 30 (reflective layer 33) has concavities and convexities corresponding to the concavities and convexities of the shaped surface 20a on the side opposite to the side facing the shaped surface 20a. The concavities and convexities of the luminance adjustment layer 30 are filled by the bonding layer 35. The bonding layer 35 joins (adheres, adheres, or heat-seals) the other layers of the decorative laminate 10 and the molded portion 65. Although not shown, similar to the example of the coloring layer 36 shown in FIG. 5, the reflective layer 33 may be formed to fill the concavities and convexities of the shaped surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 13A, the surface of the reflective layer 33 facing the bonding layer 35 has concavities and convexities corresponding to the concavities and convexities of the Fresnel lens surface 26. Therefore, the bonding layer 35 has concavities and convexities corresponding to the concavities and convexities of the Fresnel lens surface 26.

[0083] As the material of the reflective layer 33, it is preferable to use a material that improves the reflectance of the reflective interface 27 formed by the reflective layer 33, and it is more preferable to use a material having radio wave permeability. In this case, as the material constituting the reflective layer 33, for example, metal materials such as aluminum, indium, and tin, zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc sulfide, aluminum oxide, etc. can be used. In particular, when the decorative laminate 10 is joined to the molded portion 65 by insert molding, the material constituting the reflective layer 33 is preferably a metal material such as indium or tin, or zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc sulfide, aluminum oxide, etc.

[0084] As described above, the electromagnetic wave used in the sensor 5 passes through the decorative laminate 10. When the reflective layer 33 is formed as a layer continuously spreading over the entire surface of the shaped surface 20a, the electromagnetic wave is blocked or attenuated. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13B, the reflective layer 33 may include a plurality of metal particle portions 31. The metal particle portion 31 has a metallic luster and can reflect visible light. The reflective layer 33 forms so-called islands of an island-sea structure. The island-shaped metal particle portions 31 are spaced apart from each other. A gap forming the sea of the island-sea structure is provided between the plurality of metal particle portions 31. The electromagnetic wave used in the sensor 5, for example, millimeter wave, passes through this gap and thus passes through the reflective layer 33. Such a metal layer can be formed, for example, as an indium material, by vapor deposition such as sputtering or vacuum evaporation. The reflective layer 33 may be integrally formed continuously across the plurality of unit optical elements 13.

[0085] The thickness of the reflective layer 33 is preferably a thickness that can improve the reflectance of the reflective interface 27 formed by the reflective layer 33. The thickness of the reflective layer 33 may be, for example, 0.005 μm or more. Also, the thickness of the reflective layer 33 may be 20 μm or less. Therefore, the thickness of the reflective layer 33 may be 0.005 μm or more and 20 μm or less. The thickness of the reflective layer 33 and the other layers included in the decorative laminate 10 can also be measured by observing an image of the cross section of the decorative laminate 10 using a scanning electron microscope.

[0086] The decorative laminate 10 provided with the reflective layer 33 can be manufactured by a method for manufacturing a decorative laminate 10 including a step of forming the reflective layer 33 on the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. In this case, in the step of forming the reflective layer 33, the reflective layer 33 is formed on the shaped surface 20a by a film-forming technique such as sputtering or vacuum evaporation.

[0087] <Filling layer> The filling layer 40 is a planarizing layer that fills the unevenness of the brightness adjustment layer 30. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the brightness adjustment layer 30 facing the filling layer 40 has unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the shaped surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the filling layer 40 forms the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0088] The filling layer 40 can be a transparent or opaque resin layer. The filling layer 40 may also serve as the bonding layer 35 described above. That is, in the decorative member 3, the unevenness of the brightness adjustment layer 30 may be filled by the bonding layer 35. In this case, as the material for forming the bonding layer 35 (filling layer 40), a thermoplastic resin, a (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer, or the like can be adopted. The thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and for example, an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated rubber, a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, a styrene resin, etc. can be adopted. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0089] The filling layer 40 may be a transparent or opaque resin layer. When the filling layer 40 is opaque, the filling layer 40 can conceal at least a part of the article or the molded part 65 to which the decorative member 3 is applied. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 2, since the filling layer 40 is opaque, the decorative member 3 can conceal the sensor 5.

[0090] <Diffusion layer> The diffusion layer 90 is a layer that diffuses the incident light. The diffusion layer 90 diffuses the light incident on itself. The diffusion layer 90 diffuses the light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The diffusion layer 90 may diffuse the light reflected at the reflection interface 27. The diffusion layer 90 is located at a position closer to the front surface 11 than the reflection interface 27. That is, the distance between the diffusion layer 90 and the front surface 11 is smaller than the distance between the reflection interface 27 and the front surface 11. As an example, the diffusion layer 90 is located at a position closer to the front surface 11 than the shaping layer 20. That is, the distance between the diffusion layer 90 and the front surface 11 is smaller than the distance between the shaping layer 20 and the front surface 11. As shown in FIG. 4, the diffusion layer 90 is located at a position closer to the front surface 11 than the reflection interface 27. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the light that has entered the interior of the decorative laminate 10 from the side of the front surface 11 is reflected at the reflection interface 27 and travels from the front surface 11 to the outside of the decorative laminate 10. At this time, the diffusion layer 90 may diffuse the light that is reflected at the reflection interface 27 and travels from the front surface 11 to the outside of the decorative laminate 10. By the diffusion layer 90 diffusing the incident light, the gloss on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is reduced. Therefore, the diffusion layer 90 can reduce the luster generated on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. As a result, the decorative laminate 10 can express a matte texture with suppressed luster.

[0091] In the example shown in FIG. 4, the diffusion layer 90 also serves as a hard coat layer 91 that protects the shaping layer 20. As an example, the hard coat layer 91 has scratch resistance and the like. In this case, the diffusion layer 90 (hard coat layer 91) is provided so as to cover the non-shaped surface 20b of the shaping layer 20. The diffusion layer 90 (hard coat layer 91) forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The diffusion layer 90 (hard coat layer 91) can be formed of a resin composition such as a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, a UV curable resin, or an EB curable resin.

[0092] In the example shown in FIG. 4, the diffusion layer 90 has an uneven surface 92 that diffuses the incident light. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the uneven surface 92 is the surface of the diffusion layer 90 that forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. When the diffusion layer 90 has the uneven surface 92, the light incident on the diffusion layer 90 is diffused by being diffusely reflected by the uneven surface 92. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is diffused by the uneven surface 92. The light reflected at the reflection interface 27 may be diffused by passing through the uneven surface 92.

[0093] The uneven surface 92 does not have a shape corresponding to the unit shaping element 23 described above. For example, the uneven surface 92 does not have a linear Fresnel lens or a structure combining linear Fresnel lenses. The uneven surface 92 does not have a circular Fresnel lens. The uneven surface 92 does not have a Fresnel lens structure. As an example, the uneven surface 92 does not have a shape in which a plurality of lens surfaces are tilted toward a reference line extending along the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. As an example, the uneven surface 92 does not have a shape corresponding to the unit shaping element 23 having the plurality of tilted surfaces 26A and the plurality of connection surfaces 26B described above.

[0094] The unevenness formed on the uneven surface 92 may have an irregular shape. The diffusion layer 90 having the uneven surface 92 with irregularly shaped unevenness can be produced, for example, by the following method. First, an uneven layer containing a resin and particles diffused in the resin, and having irregularly shaped unevenness formed on the surface by a part of the particles protruding from the resin, is prepared. Next, the diffusion layer 90 is formed on the uneven layer. Thereby, a diffusion layer 90 having an uneven surface 92 with irregularly shaped unevenness corresponding to the unevenness on the surface of the uneven layer can be produced on the surface of the diffusion layer 90 in contact with the uneven layer. In this case, after producing the diffusion layer 90 having the uneven surface 92, the uneven layer may be peeled off from the diffusion layer 90. As an example, the uneven layer is a release layer 73 described later. A more specific example of the method for producing the diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 4 will be described later.

[0095] The unevenness formed on the uneven surface 92 may be regular unevenness. In this case, the pitch of the regular unevenness formed on the uneven surface 92 may be smaller than the pitch P of the uneven structure 25 in the unit optical element 13. As an example, the pitch of the uneven surface 92 is smaller than 10 μm. The pitch of the uneven surface 92 may be 8 μm or less, may be 5 μm or less, and may be 3 μm or less. As an example, the regular unevenness formed on the uneven surface 92 has a plurality of protrusions. As an example, the plurality of protrusions protrude in the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. In this case, the plurality of protrusions may have an inclined surface inclined with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of protrusions may have the shape of a cone, a frustum of a cone, a pyramid, or a frustum of a pyramid.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 4, when the uneven surface 92 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, the uneven surface 92 may give a tactile sensation to a person who touches the decorative laminate 10. As an example, the uneven surface 92 gives a person who touches the decorative laminate 10 a tactile sensation with little friction and a "smooth" feeling. The "smooth" tactile sensation is a sensory expression, but the "smooth" in this specification includes all tactile sensations that are generally felt as "smooth". Specifically, it means the tactile sensation felt when touching a smooth and dry surface with the pad of the finger.

[0097] As an example, the diffusion layer 90 contains a resin. The diffusion layer 90 may be made of a resin. As the resin contained in the diffusion layer 90, a thermoplastic resin can be adopted. As the resin contained in the diffusion layer 90, a curable resin may be adopted. In this case, as the resin contained in the diffusion layer 90, a thermosetting resin, an electron beam (EB) curable resin, or an ultraviolet (UV) curable resin may be adopted.

[0098] The thickness of the decorative laminate 10 having the above configuration may be 0.005 mm or more, may be 0.025 mm or more, may be 0.05 mm or more, may be 0.1 mm or more, or may be 0.15 mm or more. Also, the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 may be 2 mm or less, may be 1.0 mm or less, may be 1 mm or less, may be 0.75 mm or less, or may be 0.5 mm or less. Therefore, the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 may be 0.005 mm or more and 2 mm or less. The thickness of the decorative laminate 10 may be 0.025 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, may be 0.05 mm or more and 1 mm or less, may be 0.1 mm or more and 0.75 mm or less, or may be 0.15 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

[0099] <<Function of the Decorative Laminate>> Next, the function of the decorative laminate 10 will be described. The decorative laminate 10 displays a design and imparts the design to an article or the like to which the decorative laminate 10 is applied. By the way, if the decorative laminate 10 can express a three-dimensional effect, a rich design expression with a sense of luxury becomes possible. The three-dimensional effect of the decorative laminate 10 can be expressed by forming a physical uneven structure. On the other hand, depending on the use or the like of the decorative laminate 10, it may not be possible to make the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 sufficiently thick. On the other hand, for example, like a decorative member used for a vehicle front grille, many decorative members may be required to be thinned from the viewpoint of weight reduction. The thickness of a decorative member intended to transmit electromagnetic waves such as millimeter waves is set according to the wavelength of the millimeter waves and is restricted. In addition, from the viewpoint of improving the electromagnetic wave transmittance, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the decorative laminate.

[0100] In contrast, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit optical element 13. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the optical action of the unit optical element 13. In the present embodiment, the unit optical element 13 is configured to function as a convex mirror. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the range A1 reflected in the convex mirror M1 is wider than the specular reflection surface arranged at the same position as the convex mirror M1. That is, the range A1 reflected in the convex mirror M1 is the same as the range A1 reflected in the specular reflection surface M3 arranged farther away from the observer in the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. As a result, the observer who observes the reflection on the reflection interface feels that the reflection interface 27 in the unit optical element 13 functioning as the convex mirror M1 is located deeper than the actual position of the reflection interface 27. That is, the unit optical element 13 can display a design with a sense of depth deeper than the actual thickness of the shaping layer 20. In this way, the unit optical element 13 can display a design with a sense of depth deeper than the thickness of the shaping layer 20. Therefore, while reducing the thickness of the shaping layer 20, a three-dimensional effect greater than the thickness of the shaping layer 20 can be expressed. Thereby, a rich design expression with a sense of luxury can be realized.

[0101] <Specular glossiness> Considering the operation of the decorative laminate 10 described above, the preferable numerical range of the specular glossiness of the decorative laminate 10 will be further described. The specular glossiness at an incident angle of 85° on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is denoted as G(85). The specular glossiness at an incident angle of 20° on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is denoted as G(20). The specular glossiness at an incident angle of 60° on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is denoted as G(60). At this time, the ratio G(85) / G(20), which is the ratio of the specular glossiness G(85) to the specular glossiness G(20), is 2 or more and 30 or less.

[0102] The measurement methods of specular gloss G(85) and specular gloss G(20) will be described. The specular gloss G(85) is the value measured in accordance with JIS Z 8741:1997, except that the incident angle is set to 85°. The specular gloss G(20) is the value measured in accordance with JIS Z 8741:1997, except that the incident angle is set to 20°. The specular gloss G(60) is the value measured in accordance with JIS Z 8741:1997, except that the incident angle is set to 60°. The measurement environment for measuring the specular gloss shall be a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The sample to be measured shall be placed in the measurement environment for 16 hours before the start of measurement. Before measuring the specular gloss, the light source of the measuring device shall be turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the output of the light source.

[0103] When measuring the specular gloss, a black tape shall be attached to the back surface opposite to the incident surface of the sample to be measured, and the measurement shall be carried out.

[0104] The effect of the ratio G(85) / G(20) being within the above-described numerical range will be described. First, the effect of the ratio G(85) / G(20) being 2 or more will be described. There may be a demand for the decorative laminate 10 to express a design having a three-dimensional effect. On the other hand, there may also be a demand for the decorative laminate 10 to express a matte texture with suppressed gloss. In view of the above problems, the inventors have conducted extensive research and completed the invention related to the decorative laminate 10 of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the decorative laminate 10 of the present disclosure includes unit optical elements 13. In the unit optical element 13, the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 forms a reflection interface 27 where light is reflected. As a result, the unit optical element 13 reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts the incident light. Such unit optical elements 13 can cause the decorative laminate 10 to express a design with a sense of depth and three-dimensionality. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the decorative laminate 10 of the present disclosure includes a diffusion layer 90 located closer to the front surface 11 than the shaping layer 20. The diffusion layer 90 is located closer to the front surface 11 than the reflection interface 27. The diffusion layer 90 diffuses the incident light. Thereby, the gloss on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is reduced, and the decorative laminate 10 can express a matte texture with suppressed gloss. According to the decorative laminate 10 of the present disclosure, the reflection interface 27 in the unit optical element 13 expresses a three-dimensional effect, and the diffusion layer 90 located closer to the front surface 11 than the reflection interface 27 can reduce the gloss on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. That is, according to the decorative laminate 10 of the present disclosure, it is possible to achieve both expressing a matte texture on the front surface 11 and expressing a three-dimensional effect at a position deeper than the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0105] To explain the effect of the ratio G(85) / G(20) being 2 or more, as a comparative example, consider the decorative laminates shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C. In FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the same reference numerals as those used for the corresponding parts in the decorative laminate 10 according to the present embodiment are used for the parts that can be configured in the same manner as the decorative laminate 10 according to the present embodiment described above.

[0106] The decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7A has the same features as the decorated laminate 10 shown in Fig. 4, except for the points described below. The reflection interface 27 of the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7A is a flat surface. Therefore, the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7A does not include the unit optical element 13. The hard coat layer 91 of the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7A does not have a surface with irregularities formed thereon. Therefore, the hard coat layer 91 of the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7A does not function as a diffusion layer 90 that diffuses incident light. The decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7B has the same features as the decorated laminate 10 shown in Fig. 4, except for the points described below. The reflection interface 27 of the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7B is a flat surface. Therefore, the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7B does not include the unit optical element 13. The decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7C has the same features as the decorated laminate 10 shown in Fig. 4, except for the points described below. The hard coat layer 91 of the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7C does not have a surface with irregularities formed thereon. Therefore, the hard coat layer 91 of the decorated laminate shown in Fig. 7C does not function as a diffusion layer 90 that diffuses incident light.

[0107] Here, consider the case where light with a certain intensity is incident on the front surface 11 of the decorated laminate. In this case, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the intensity of the light passing through the front surface 11 and heading toward the reflection interface 27 is greater than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°. On the other hand, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the intensity of the light that is specularly reflected on the front surface 11 is smaller than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°.

[0108] Next, consider the case where light with a certain intensity is incident on the front surface 11 of each of the decorated laminate shown in FIG. 7A and the decorated laminate shown in FIG. 7B. In this case, in FIG. 7B as compared to FIG. 7A, the intensity of the specularly reflected light decreases by the amount of light that is reflected, refracted, and / or diffracted at the reflection interface 27 in the unit optical element 13. As a result, the specular glossiness is reduced in FIG. 7B as compared to FIG. 7A. Here, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the intensity of the light passing through the front surface 11 and heading toward the reflection interface 27 is greater than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°. For this reason, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the effect of reducing the specular glossiness by the reflection interface 27 in the unit optical element 13 is greater than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°. That is, when comparing the difference in specular glossiness between the decorated laminate having the unit optical element 13 as shown in FIG. 7B and the decorated laminate not having the unit optical element 13 as shown in FIG. 7A, the difference in specular glossiness G(20) between FIG. 7B and FIG. 7A is greater than the difference in specular glossiness G(85) between FIG. 7B and FIG. 7A. Therefore, the ratio G(85) / G(20) is greater in the decorated laminate having the unit optical element 13 as shown in FIG. 7B than in the decorated laminate not having the unit optical element 13 as shown in FIG. 7A. By the same logic, the ratio G(85) / G(20) is greater in the decorated laminate having the unit optical element 13 with a strong effect than in the decorated laminate having the unit optical element 13 with a weak effect.

[0109] Next, consider the case where light with a certain intensity is incident on the front surface 11 of each of the decorated laminate shown in FIG. 7A and the decorated laminate shown in FIG. 7C. In this case, in FIG. 7C compared to FIG. 7A, the intensity of the specularly reflected light is reduced by the amount of light diffused in the diffusion layer 90. As a result, the specular glossiness is reduced in FIG. 7C compared to FIG. 7A. Here, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the intensity of the light passing through the front surface 11 and the diffusion layer 90 and heading toward the reflection interface 27 is greater than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°. On the other hand, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the intensity of the light reflected from the surface of the diffusion layer 90 without passing through the diffusion layer 90 is smaller than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°. And the light passing through the front surface 11 and the diffusion layer 90 and heading toward the reflection interface 27 passes through the diffusion layer 90 twice, once when passing through the front surface 11 and heading toward the reflection interface 27 and once when reflected at the reflection interface 27 and heading toward the front surface 11. As a result, the light is subjected to the diffusion action of the diffusion layer 90 twice. For this reason, when the light is incident at an incident angle of 20°, the effect of reducing the specular glossiness by the diffusion layer 90 is greater than when the light is incident at an incident angle of 85°. That is, when comparing the difference in specular glossiness between the decorated laminate provided with the diffusion layer 90 as shown in FIG. 7C and the decorated laminate not provided with the diffusion layer 90 as shown in FIG. 7A, the difference in specular glossiness G(20) between FIG. 7C and FIG. 7A is greater than the difference in specular glossiness G(85) between FIG. 7C and FIG. 7A. Therefore, the ratio G(85) / G(20) is greater in the decorated laminate provided with the diffusion layer 90 as shown in FIG. 7C than in the decorated laminate not provided with the diffusion layer 90 as shown in FIG. 7A. By the same logic, the ratio G(85) / G(20) is greater in the decorated laminate provided with the diffusion layer 90 with a strong action than in the decorated laminate provided with the diffusion layer 90 with a weak action.

[0110] From the above, when the decorative laminate does not include the unit optical element 13, when the action of the unit optical element 13 included in the decorative laminate is weak, when the decorative laminate does not include the diffusion layer 90, and when the action of the diffusion layer 90 included in the decorative laminate is weak, the ratio G(85) / G(20) becomes small. On the other hand, from the perspective of achieving both expressing a matte texture on the front surface 11 and expressing a three-dimensional effect at a position deeper than the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, it is preferable that the action of the unit optical element 13 and the action of the diffusion layer 90 are both stronger than a certain level.

[0111] In view of the above findings, the inventors further conducted research and found that if the ratio G(85) / G(20) is 2 or more, the action of the unit optical element 13 and the action of the diffusion layer 90 can both be strengthened. From the above, by setting the ratio G(85) / G(20) to 2 or more, it is possible to strengthen the action of the unit optical element 13 and the action of the diffusion layer 90, and achieve both expressing a matte texture and expressing a three-dimensional effect.

[0112] In particular, when using the reflective layer 33 which is an aluminum vapor deposition film as the luminance adjustment layer 30, while the action of reflecting light at the reflection interface 27 can be particularly increased, it is also assumed that it becomes difficult to express a matte texture. If the ratio G(85) / G(20) is 2 or more, even when using the reflective layer 33 which is an aluminum vapor deposition film as the luminance adjustment layer 30, it is possible to achieve both expressing a matte texture and expressing a three-dimensional effect.

[0113] Next, the effect of the ratio G(85) / G(20) being 30 or less will be described. If the ratio G(85) / G(20) is greater than 30, since the effect of reflecting light from the reflective interface 27 toward the front surface 11 is weak, it is assumed that G(20) is particularly small. As an example, it is assumed that G(20) is particularly small because the material forming the reflective interface 27 has a weak light-reflecting effect. By defining that the ratio G(85) / G(20) is 30 or less, the case where G(20) is particularly small due to the weak light-reflecting effect of the reflective interface 27 as described above is excluded. Therefore, the strength of the effect of reflecting light from the reflective interface 27 can be sufficiently ensured. As a result, the effect of the reflective interface 27 in the unit optical element 13 that can express a design with a sense of depth and three-dimensionality can be stably produced.

[0114] From the above, when the ratio G(85) / G(20) is 2 or more and 30 or less, the actions of the unit optical element 13 and the diffusion layer 90 can be made sufficiently strong, and it is possible to achieve both expressing a matte texture and expressing a three-dimensional effect. From the perspective of more stably achieving both expressing a matte texture and expressing a three-dimensional effect, the ratio G(85) / G(20) may be greater than 3 and 30 or less.

[0115] As an example, the specular glossiness G(60) at an incident angle of 60° on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is 70 or less. The specular glossiness G(60) may be 60 or less. According to the decorative laminate 10 in which the upper limit value of the specular glossiness G(60) is defined as described above, a matte texture with suppressed gloss can be more stably expressed.

[0116] <Total light reflectance (R SCI )> Considering the action of the decorative laminate 10 described above, the preferable numerical range of the total light reflectance (R SCI ) of the decorative laminate 10 will be further described. The total light reflectance (R SCI ) measured from the side of the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009 is preferably 10% or more.

[0117] Here, the total light reflectance (R SCI ) of the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 in the present embodiment is measured under geometric condition c in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009. The total light reflectance (R SCI ) in this specification is the reflectance Y value (Y of the tristimulus values XYZ) measured in the SCI method using a spectrocolorimeter in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009. The measurement of the total light reflectance (R SCI ) is performed using a spectrocolorimeter (model number CM-700d) manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc. When measuring, the measurement conditions, observation conditions, and measurement diameter / illumination diameter are set as follows. The measurement of the total light reflectance (R SCI ) is performed by vertically pressing the spectrocolorimeter against the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 placed on a flat table. The measurement wavelength range of this spectrocolorimeter is 400 nm to 700 nm, and the measurement wavelength interval is 10 nm. <Measurement conditions> · Mode (regular reflection light processing mode): I+E (SCI+SCE) <Observation conditions> · Color system: Yxy · Field of view angle: 10° field of view · Main light source: D65 <Measurement diameter / illumination diameter> By exchanging the target mask and switching the lens position, it is set to either Φ3 mm / Φ6 mm or Φ8 mm / Φ11 mm.

[0118] The measurement diameter / illumination diameter is selected according to the dimensions of the unit optical element 13. Here, the illumination diameter is the diameter of the irradiation area of the spectrocolorimeter, and the measurement diameter is the diameter of the measurement area C of the spectrocolorimeter (see FIG. 8).

[0119] In the illustrated example, when the center of the measurement area C is aligned with the geometric center of the unit optical element 13, the measurement diameter / illumination diameter is selected so that at least 40% of the unit optical element 13 fits within the measurement area C, and the total light reflectance (R SCI) is set. The measurement diameter is selected as the smallest measurement diameter among the selectable measurement diameters. For example, when at least 40% of the unit optical element 13 is within a virtual circle with a diameter of 3 mm, at least 40% of the unit optical element 13 is within the measurement region C regardless of whether the measurement diameter / illumination diameter is Φ3 mm / Φ6 mm or Φ8 mm / Φ11 mm, but the measurement diameter / illumination diameter is set to Φ3 mm / Φ6 mm. Also, when at least 40% of the unit optical element 13 is within a virtual circle with a diameter of 8 mm but not within a virtual circle with a diameter of 3 mm, the measurement diameter / illumination diameter is set to Φ8 mm / Φ11 mm.

[0120] Next, as shown in FIG. 8, in the plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the position of the measurement region C with respect to the unit optical element 13 is determined so that the center of the measurement region C of the spectrocolorimeter coincides with the geometric center of the unit optical element 13, and the total light reflectance (R SCI ) is measured.

[0121] In the decorative laminate 10 where the total light reflectance (R SCI ) described above is 10% or more, it is considered that the action of the reflection interface 27 in the unit optical element 13 to reflect light toward the front surface 11 is sufficiently strong. Therefore, the effect of the reflection interface 27 in the unit optical element 13 to express a design with a sense of depth and three-dimensionality can be more stably produced.

[0122] <<Transfer Sheet>> FIG. 9 shows a transfer sheet 70 used to transfer the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 4 to the molding portion 65. The transfer sheet 70 includes the above-described decorative laminate 10 and a base material 72 facing the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. In the present embodiment, the base material 72 is a transfer base material that is peeled off from the decorative laminate 10 when transferring the decorative laminate 10 to the molding portion 65.

[0123] In the example shown in FIG. 9, the base material 72 is a flat plate. As the base material 72, for example, those used as the base material of a general transfer sheet such as a polyester resin film or a polyolefin resin film can be adopted.

[0124] The transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 9 includes a release layer 73. The release layer 73 is formed on the surface of the base material 72 facing the decorative laminate 10. The release layer 73 has releasability that facilitates the peeling of the base material 72 from the decorative laminate 10. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the release layer 73 has a first surface 73a and a second surface 73b located on the opposite side of the first surface 73a. The release layer 73 is in contact with the base material 72 at the first surface 73a. The second surface 73b of the release layer 73 faces the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The release layer 73 is in contact with the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 at the second surface 73b. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the diffusion layer 90 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The release layer 73 is in contact with the diffusion layer 90 at the second surface 73b.

[0125] In the example shown in FIG. 9, irregularities having a shape corresponding to the uneven surface 92 of the diffusion layer 90 are formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the release layer 73 contains a resin 74 and particles 75 diffused in the resin 74. Since a part of the particles 75 protrudes from the resin 74, irregularities having an irregular shape are formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73. As the material for forming the resin 74 of the release layer 73, a thermoplastic resin can be adopted. As the material for forming the resin 74, a curable resin may be adopted. In this case, as the material for forming the resin 74, a thermosetting resin, an electron beam (EB) curable resin, or an ultraviolet (UV) curable resin may be adopted. More specifically, as the resin 74, a thermoplastic resin such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a polyester resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin, etc., or a thermosetting resin obtained by combining these thermoplastic resins with a curing agent can be adopted. The particles 75 may contain an organic material or an inorganic material. When the particles 75 contain an organic material, the particles 75 may be acrylic beads. Although not shown, when no irregularities are formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73, the release layer 73 may not contain the particles 75. In this case, the release layer 73 may be made of the resin 74.

[0126] The transfer sheet 70 has a first surface 70a and a second surface 70b located on the side opposite to the first surface 70a. The distance between the first surface 70a and the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is smaller than the distance between the first surface 70a and the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10. The distance between the second surface 70b and the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10 is smaller than the distance between the second surface 70b and the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. In the present embodiment, the base material 72, which is a base material for transfer, forms either one of the first surface 70a and the second surface 70b of the transfer sheet 70. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the base material 72, which is a base material for transfer, forms the first surface 70a of the transfer sheet 70. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate 10 forms the second surface 70b of the transfer sheet 70.

[0127] [[Manufacturing Method of Decorative Member]] Next, with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14, an example of a method for manufacturing the decorative member 3 (that is, the decorative member 3 shown in FIG. 2) according to the present embodiment will be described. The method for manufacturing the decorative member 3 and the shaping mold of the shaping layer 20 in the present embodiment is not limited to the manufacturing method of the decorative member and the manufacturing method of the shaping mold of the shaping layer described later. In the present embodiment, as an example, the method for manufacturing the decorative member 3 when the materials of the diffusion layer 90 and the shaping layer 20 are ultraviolet (UV) curable resins will be described. FIGS. 10 to 14 are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing a transfer sheet 70 (that is, the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 9) for transferring the decorative laminate 10 to the molding section 65.

[0128] First, as shown in FIG. 10, a flat base material 72 having a release layer 73 formed on one surface is prepared. Concavities and convexities are formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73.

[0129] Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a layer 93 of the precursor material of the diffusion layer 90 described above is formed on the release layer 73. Concavities and convexities are formed on the surface of the layer 93 that contacts the release layer 73 according to the shape of the concavities and convexities formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73. Thereby, the diffusion layer 90 having a concavo-convex surface 92 is formed from the layer 93.

[0130] Next, as shown in FIG. 12, a layer 29 of the precursor material of the shaping layer 20 described above is formed on the diffusion layer 90. Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the shaping mold 100 is pressed against the layer 29 to shape it. The shaping mold 100 has unevenness corresponding to the uneven structure 25. Next, the layer 29 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the layer 29. Thereby, the shaping layer 20 having the uneven structure 25 formed on the shaping surface 20a is produced. Thereafter, the shaping mold 100 is removed from the shaping layer 20. The shaping mold 100 may be removed from the layer 29 before the layer 29 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

[0131] The unevenness of the shaping mold 100 is determined such that the rise angle θB of the connection surface 26B of the uneven structure 25 is not 0° but 15° or more. Thereby, when shaping the layer 29 with the shaping mold 100, it is easy to form unevenness on the layer 29 that accurately reflects the unevenness of the shaping mold 100. In other words, it is easy to form the uneven structure 25 corresponding to the unevenness of the shaping mold 100 on the shaping layer 20. Further, since the rise angle θB of the connection surface 26B of the uneven structure 25 is 15° or more, it is easy to remove the shaping layer 20 or the layer 29 from the shaping mold 100.

[0132] Next, as shown in FIG. 13, a luminance adjustment layer 30 is formed so as to cover the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. As an example, the luminance adjustment layer 30 is formed by performing vapor deposition or coating of a metal material or an inorganic material on the shaping surface 20a. In the example shown in FIG. 13, a reflective layer 33 is formed as the luminance adjustment layer 30. After forming the reflective layer 33 as the luminance adjustment layer 30, a bonding layer 35 (filling layer 40) is formed on the luminance adjustment layer 30. Thereby, the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 9 is produced.

[0133] Next, the transfer sheet 70 is placed in a mold for forming the molding portion 65. Next, a molten resin is introduced between the back surface 12 (i.e., the bonding layer 35) on the decorative laminate 10 and the inner surface of the mold, and the resin is solidified in the mold. Thereby, the molding portion 65 joined to the transfer sheet 70 is molded in the above-described mold. Thereafter, the base material 72 is peeled from the decorative laminate 10. As a result, the decorative member 3 (see FIG. 2) with the decorative laminate 10 transferred to the molding portion 65 is completed. Such a method for molding the decorative member 3 is known as in-mold molding. In the present embodiment, the base material 72 and the release layer 73 are peeled from the decorative laminate 10. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the uneven surface 92 is formed on the surface of the diffusion layer 90 that forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0134] In the present embodiment, the base material 72, which is a base material for transfer, forms either one of the first surface 70a and the second surface 70b of the transfer sheet 70. Thereby, after the transfer sheet 70 is attached to the molding portion 65 or the like on the side not formed by the base material 72 of the first surface 70a and the second surface 70b, the decorative laminate 10 can be transferred by peeling the base material 72. That is, the decorative laminate 10 can be transferred all at once without performing a plurality of times the operation of peeling the base material after attaching the laminate to the molding portion 65 or the like.

[0135] <<Method for Manufacturing a Molding Die for a Shaping Layer>> Next, an example of a method for manufacturing a molding die 100 for shaping the uneven structure 25 in the shaping layer 20 will be described.

[0136] First, with reference to FIGS. 14A to 14C, a method for producing a master die 110 for forming the molding die 100 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 14A, a master die forming member 111 is prepared. The master die forming member 111 includes a flat substrate 112 such as a glass plate and a photosensitive material layer 113 that covers one surface of the substrate 112. In the illustrated example, the photosensitive material layer 113 is formed using a positive resist.

[0137] Next, as shown in FIG. 14B, the photosensitive material layer 113 is irradiated with a laser beam R. At this time, while moving the irradiation position of the laser beam R on the master pattern forming member 111, the entire area of the photosensitive material layer 113 is irradiated with the laser beam. Also, at this time, the intensity of the laser beam R is controlled in multi - tones of three or more tones. The control of the intensity of the laser beam R is controlled based on the data representing the concavo - convex structure 25. This data includes information regarding the concavo - convex pattern to be formed on the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. This concavo - convex pattern is a concavo - convex pattern of a region including a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 of the shaping layer 20 (therefore, also including the gap region 24 between these plurality of unit shaping elements 23). Further, this concavo - convex pattern represents the height (depth) of the concavo - convex to be formed on the shaping surface 20a in multi - steps of three or more steps with respect to the non - shaping surface 20b. Using such data, the intensity of the laser beam R is controlled in multi - harmonics of three or more harmonics. Also, the laser beam R is irradiated to each position on the photosensitive material layer 113 with an intensity reflecting the above - mentioned concavo - convex pattern. As a result, the exposure amount of the laser beam R at each position of the photosensitive material layer 113 becomes an exposure amount reflecting the above - mentioned concavo - convex pattern.

[0138] Next, as shown in FIG. 14C, the photosensitive material layer 113 is developed to remove a part of the photosensitive material layer 113. As described above, since the exposure amount of the laser beam R at each position of the photosensitive material layer 113 is an exposure amount reflecting the above - mentioned concavo - convex pattern, concavo - convexities reflecting the above - mentioned concavo - convex pattern are formed on the developed photosensitive material layer 113. In this way, a master mold 110 having concavo - convexities reflecting the above - mentioned concavo - convex pattern is produced.

[0139] In this way, a master mold 110 having concavo - convexities corresponding to the plurality of concavo - convex structures 25 of the plurality of unit shaping elements 23 is integrally formed without seams. Therefore, there is little possibility of forming unintended concavo - convexities on the master mold 110. Also, by adjusting the exposure amount of the laser beam R on the photosensitive material layer 113 in multi - tones, concavo - convexities corresponding to the above - mentioned concavo - convex pattern can be accurately formed on the master mold 110.

[0140] Next, with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, a method for manufacturing the shaping mold 100 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 15, a metal layer 115 is formed on the concave-convex surface 110a of the master mold 110. The metal layer 115 may be formed of nickel or the like by, for example, electroforming. The metal layer 115 is formed with concavities and convexities that reflect the concavities and convexities of the master mold 110 (and thus reflect the above-described concavity-convexity pattern).

[0141] Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the metal layer 115 is separated from the master mold 110. The metal layer 115 may be separated from the master mold 110 by, for example, dissolving and removing the photosensitive material layer 113 of the master mold 110 with a solvent. The metal layer 115 separated from the master mold 110 is used as the shaping mold 100. Also, a large-sized shaping mold may be manufactured by combining a plurality of thus-manufactured shaping molds 100.

[0142] As shown in FIG. 17, by using the shaping mold 100 manufactured in this way, a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 can be shaped at once in an intended arrangement pattern on the shaping layer 20. At the same time, the gap regions 24 between the plurality of unit shaping elements 23 can also be shaped. Therefore, a plurality of unit shaping elements 23 can be accurately formed on the shaping layer 20 in an intended planar shape and arrangement pattern.

[0143] Furthermore, the shaping mold 100 manufactured in this way has a higher degree of freedom in designing the concavity-convex structure 25 compared to a shaping mold manufactured using a master mold created by conventional cutting. Specifically, the shapes of the inclined surface 26A and the connecting surface 26B can be freely set compared to the conventional method.

[0144] <<<Modification Example>>> Next, with reference to FIGS. 18 to 50, various modification examples of the present embodiment will be described. In FIGS. 18 to 50, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 17 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

[0145] <Modification Example 1: Modification Example of Diffusion Layer> In the above-described embodiments, an example in which the diffusion layer 90 has the uneven surface 92 that diffuses the incident light has been described. However, the form of the diffusion layer 90 is not limited to this. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the decorative laminate 10 including the diffusion layer 90 in the first modification. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the diffusion layer 90 contains a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96 dispersed in the binder resin 95. In this case, the light can be isotropically diffused by utilizing the refractive index difference between the binder resin 95 and the light diffusing material 96, or by utilizing the reflectivity of the light diffusing material 96. Thereby, the diffusion layer 90 of the first modification can diffuse the incident light.

[0146] As the binder resin 95 contained in the diffusion layer 90 of the first modification, for example, known materials such as chlorine-based resins, urethane resins, acrylic urethane resins, acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, butyral resins, polystyrene resins, nitrocellulose resins (nitrocellulose), and cellulose acetate resins can be adopted. As the binder resin 95, a material similar to the material forming the resin 74 of the release layer 73 in the above-described embodiments may be used.

[0147] The light diffusing material 96 contained in the diffusion layer 90 of the first modification may be appropriately selected according to the light diffusibility and the like required for the diffusion layer 90. Examples of the light diffusing material 96 include organic particles such as plastic beads and inorganic particles such as silica. Examples of the plastic beads include melamine beads, acrylic beads, acrylic-styrene beads, polycarbonate beads, polyethylene beads, polystyrene beads, and vinyl chloride beads, among which acrylic beads are preferable. As the light diffusing material 96, particles similar to the particles 75 in the above-described embodiments may be used. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the light diffusing material 96 is particles. Although not shown, the light diffusing material 96 may be air bubbles.

[0148] Also in the example shown in FIG. 18, the diffusion layer 90 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the surface of the diffusion layer 90 that forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 is flat. Also in the example shown in FIG. 18, the diffusion layer 90 also serves as a hard coat layer 91 that protects the shaping layer 20. The diffusion layer 90 (hard coat layer 91) is provided so as to cover the non-shaped surface 20b of the shaping layer 20.

[0149] Also, with a diffusion layer 90 containing a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96 as shown in FIG. 18, by diffusing the incident light, a matte texture with suppressed gloss can be expressed by the decorative laminate 10.

[0150] <<Transfer sheet used for transferring the decorative laminate of Modification 1>> FIG. 19 shows a transfer sheet 70 used for transferring the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 1 to the molding portion 65. The transfer sheet 70 includes the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 1 and a base material 72. The base material 72 is a transfer base material that is peeled off from the decorative laminate 10 when transferring the decorative laminate 10 to the molding portion 65.

[0151] The transfer sheet 70 is configured such that the base material 72 can be easily peeled off from the decorative laminate 10. For example, although not shown, the decorative laminate 10 may further include a release layer. When the decorative laminate 10 includes a release layer, the release layer may form the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. As an example, a release layer may be provided on the side opposite to the surface of the diffusion layer 90 shown in FIG. 18 that is in contact with the shaping layer 20. In this case, the base material 72 may be in contact with the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 formed by the release layer. The release layer has releasability that facilitates peeling of the decorative laminate 10 from the base material 72 or the release layer 73. As materials for forming the release layer, for example, thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin, vinyl chloride acetate resin, polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, and thermosetting resins obtained by combining these thermoplastic resins with a curing agent, ultraviolet curable resins, and electron beam curable resins can be adopted.

[0152] Although not shown in the drawings, the transfer sheet 70 may be provided with a release layer. The release layer of the transfer sheet 70 in Modification 1 may be the same release layer as the above-described release layer 73, or may be the same release layer as the above-described release layer 73 except that it does not contain the particles 75.

[0153] The layer configuration of the transfer sheet 70 is not particularly limited as long as it is configured such that the base material 72 can be easily peeled off from the decorative laminate 10. The transfer sheet 70 may not include a release layer. The transfer sheet 70 may not include a release layer. In the transfer sheet 70, the diffusion layer 90 may form the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The base material 72 may be in contact with the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 formed by the diffusion layer 90.

[0154] The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 18 and the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 19 can be manufactured, for example, by the following method. First, a flat base material 72 having a diffusion layer 90 formed on one surface is prepared. At this time, since the diffusion layer 90 contains the binder resin 95 and the light diffusing material 96 which is a particle, an uneven surface 94 is formed on the surface of the diffusion layer 90 opposite to the surface in contact with the base material 72.

[0155] Next, the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 35 are formed in this order on the diffusion layer 90. As a method of forming the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 35 on the diffusion layer 90, the method of forming the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 35 on the release layer 73 in the above-described embodiment can be applied. Thereby, the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 19 including the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 18 can be manufactured.

[0156] When forming the shaping layer 20 on the diffusion layer 90, unevenness is formed on the surface of the shaping layer 20 in contact with the diffusion layer 90 according to the shape of the uneven surface 94 of the diffusion layer 90. The light incident on the diffusion layer 90 may be diffused by specular reflection at the interface where the shaping layer 20 contacts the uneven surface 94 of the diffusion layer 90. Although not shown in the drawings, the interface where the shaping layer 20 contacts the surface of the diffusion layer 90 may be flat.

[0157] <Modification Example 2: Modification Example of Decorative Laminate> The decorative laminate 10 may include a second brightness adjustment layer 51 that is located closer to the back surface 12 than the brightness adjustment layer 30 and contacts the brightness adjustment layer 30. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 2. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 20 has an uneven surface 92 that diffuses incident light. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing another example of the transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 2, which is different from FIG. 20. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 21 contains a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96. In the examples shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 faces the back surface 12. In the examples shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the decorative laminate 10 includes a second brightness adjustment layer 51 that is located closer to the back surface 12 than the brightness adjustment layer 30 and contacts the brightness adjustment layer 30.

[0158] The second brightness adjustment layer 51 forms a second reflection interface 51a on which light is reflected. The second reflection interface 51a faces the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. Thereby, the second reflection interface 51a reflects the light incident from the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0159] In the examples shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the second brightness adjustment layer 51 is located between the bonding layer 35 and the brightness adjustment layer 30. In the examples shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the second brightness adjustment layer 51 also functions as a planarization layer that fills the unevenness of the brightness adjustment layer 30. In this case, the decorative laminate 10 may not have the filling layer 40. The bonding layer 35 may not also serve as the filling layer 40. In the examples shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the surface of the second brightness adjustment layer 51 that contacts the bonding layer 35 is flat. Thereby, the surface of the bonding layer 35 that contacts the second brightness adjustment layer 51 is flat.

[0160] The operation of the second luminance adjustment layer 51 will be described. Depending on the material of the luminance adjustment layer 30 (the reflection layer 33 in the examples shown in FIGS. 20 and 21), part of the light incident on the decorative laminate 10 from the front surface 11 may not be reflected at the reflection interface 27 and may instead travel toward the back surface 12. The second luminance adjustment layer 51 can reflect the light that is not reflected at the reflection interface 27 and travels toward the back surface 12. As a result, the light that is not reflected at the reflection interface 27 and travels toward the back surface 12 can be utilized for design expression. By adjusting the material of the second luminance adjustment layer 51, the design expression can also be adjusted. For example, an impression like that of a metal surface, i.e., a metallic feeling, can also be expressed.

[0161] The second luminance adjustment layer 51 is, for example, one in which aluminum flakes are arranged on the surface of a resin layer. In this case, the surface of the resin layer on which the aluminum flakes are arranged serves as the second reflection interface 51a. The second luminance adjustment layer 51 may be one in which pearl pigments are dispersed in the resin layer. The second luminance adjustment layer 51 may be one in which ink is applied to the surface of the resin layer. In this case, the surface of the resin layer to which the ink is applied serves as the second reflection interface 51a. The color of the ink applied to the surface of the resin layer is, for example, silver. In these cases, a thermoplastic resin can be employed as the material of the resin layer included in the second luminance adjustment layer 51. A curable resin may be employed as the material of the resin layer. In this case, a thermosetting resin, an electron beam (EB) curable resin, or an ultraviolet (UV) curable resin may be employed as the material of the resin layer.

[0162] <Modification Example 3: Modification Example of Decorative Laminate> The decorative laminate 10 may include a color-imparting layer 52 located between the front surface 11 and the reflective interface 27. FIG. 22 is a view showing an example of a transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 3. FIG. 23 is a view showing another example of the transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 3, different from FIG. 22. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 has an uneven surface 92 that diffuses incident light. FIG. 24 is a view showing another example of the transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 3, different from FIGS. 22 and 23. FIG. 25 is a view showing another example of the transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 3, different from FIGS. 22 to 24. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 contains a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96.

[0163] In the examples shown in FIGS. 22 to 25, the color-imparting layer 52 is located between the front surface 11 and the shaping layer 20. The color-imparting layer 52 is configured to easily transmit a part of the incident light and hardly transmit the other part. More specifically, the color-imparting layer 52 is configured to easily transmit light of a specific wavelength and hardly transmit light other than the specific wavelength. Thereby, color is imparted to the light transmitted through the color-imparting layer 52. The transmittance of the color-imparting layer 52 is, for example, 30% or more. Here, the transmittance of the color-imparting layer 52 means the total light transmittance when measured using a haze meter (``HM-150N'' manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd., compliant with JIS K7361:1997). The total light transmittance of the color-imparting layer 52 may be 50% or more, or may be 80% or more.

[0164] The operation of the color-imparting layer 52 will be described. When the light incident on the decorative laminate 10 travels from the front surface 11 toward the reflective interface 27 and when the light reflected at the reflective interface 27 travels toward the front surface 11, the color-imparting layer 52 can impart color to the light. Thereby, more rich design expression can be achieved.

[0165] The color-imparting layer 52 is, for example, one in which at least one of a pigment and a dye is dispersed in a resin layer. In this case, a thermoplastic resin can be employed as the material of the resin layer included in the color-imparting layer 52. As the material of the resin layer, a curable resin may be employed. In this case, as the material of the resin layer, a thermosetting resin, an electron beam (EB) curable resin, or an ultraviolet (UV) curable resin may be employed. The pigment and the dye to be included in the resin layer are not particularly limited as long as the color-imparting layer 52 can impart color to light. The color-imparting layer 52 imparts, for example, a blue color to the light transmitted through the color-imparting layer 52.

[0166] As shown in FIGS. 22 and 24, the decorative laminate 10 may include both the second brightness adjustment layer 51 and the color-imparting layer 52. As shown in FIGS. 23 and 25, the decorative laminate 10 may include the color-imparting layer 52 and may not include the second brightness adjustment layer 51.

[0167] <Modification Example 4: Modification Example of Decorative Laminate> In the above-described embodiments and each modification example, an example in which the diffusion layer 90 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 has been described. However, the layer configuration of the decorative laminate 10 is not limited to this. The position of the diffusion layer 90 is not particularly limited as long as it is closer to the front surface 11 than the reflection interface 27. FIG. 26 is a view showing an example of the transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 4. FIG. 27 is a view showing another example of the transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 4, which is different from FIG. 26. In the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, the diffusion layer 90 does not form the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 contains a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 does not also serve as the hard coat layer 91. The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 includes a hard coat layer 91 separately from the diffusion layer 90.

[0168] In the example shown in FIG. 26, the diffusion layer 90 is located between the shaping layer 20 and the hard coat layer 91. In the example shown in FIG. 26, the filling layer 40, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shaping layer 20, the diffusion layer 90, and the hard coat layer 91 are laminated in this order in the direction from the back side 12 to the front side 11 along the Z direction Dz. As a result, the hard coat layer 91 forms the front side 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0169] In the example shown in FIG. 27, the decorative laminate 10 includes a color-imparting layer 52. In the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 27, the diffusion layer 90 is located between the shaping layer 20 and the color-imparting layer 52. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the filling layer 40, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shaping layer 20, the diffusion layer 90, the color-imparting layer 52, and the hard coat layer 91 are laminated in this order in the direction from the back side 12 to the front side 11 along the Z direction Dz. As a result, the hard coat layer 91 forms the front side 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0170] Although not shown, when the decorative laminate 10 includes a diffusion layer 90 having an uneven surface 92 that diffuses incident light, the diffusion layer 90 may not form the front side 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0171] From the viewpoint of facilitating the adjustment of the degree of suppression of gloss by the diffusion layer 90, it is preferable that the diffusion layer 90 forms the front side 11 of the decorative laminate 10. By adjusting the degree of suppression of gloss in this way, a more preferable matte texture can be expressed. From the viewpoint of giving a tactile sensation to a person who touches the decorative laminate 10 with the diffusion layer 90 having the uneven surface 92, it is also preferable that the diffusion layer 90 forms the front side 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0172] <Modification Example 5: Modification Example of Decorative Laminate> The decorative laminate 10 may include a base material 76 that is located closer to the front side 11 than the diffusion layer 90 and faces the diffusion layer 90. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 5. The diffusion layer 90 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28 contains a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96.

[0173] The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28 includes a base material 76 that is located closer to the front surface 11 than the diffusion layer 90 and faces the diffusion layer 90. In the example shown in FIG. 28, the filling layer 40, the brightness adjustment layer 30, the shaping layer 20, the diffusion layer 90, and the base material 76 are laminated in this order in the direction from the back surface 12 to the front surface 11 along the Z direction Dz. In the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28, the base material 76 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10.

[0174] As the base material 76, a material similar to the material of the base material 72 for transfer in the above-described embodiment can be adopted.

[0175] The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28 can be manufactured, for example, by the following method. First, a flat base material 76 having a diffusion layer 90 formed on one surface is prepared. Next, the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 35 are formed in this order on the diffusion layer 90. As a method of forming the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 35 on the diffusion layer 90, the method of forming the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the bonding layer 35 on the release layer 73 in the above-described embodiment can be applied. Thereby, the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28 can be manufactured.

[0176] The decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28 can be regarded as using the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 19 as the decorative laminate 10 without peeling the base material 72. In this case, the base material 76 of the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28 corresponds to the base material 72 of the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIG. 19. However, in the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 28, it may not be easy to peel the base material 76 from the portions other than the base material 76 of the decorative laminate 10. Although not shown, the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 5 may use the above-described transfer sheet 70, for example, the transfer sheet 70 shown in FIGS. 9, 20 to 27, as the decorative laminate 10 without peeling the base material 72 and use the base material 72 of the transfer sheet 70 as the base material 76.

[0177] In the decorative laminate 10 including the base material 76 of Modification Example 5, the base material 76 is transparent. As a result, without the need to peel off the base material 76, the light incident on the decorative laminate 10 from the front surface 11 can reach the reflection interface 27, and the light reflected at the reflection interface 27 can be emitted from the front surface 11.

[0178] The decorative laminate 10 including the base material 76 of Modification Example 5 can be attached to the above-described molded portion 65 and the like without peeling off the base material 76. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of facilitating adjustment of the degree of suppression of gloss by the diffusion layer 90, it is preferable that the diffusion layer 90 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. Also from the viewpoint of giving a tactile sensation to a person who touches the decorative laminate 10 by the diffusion layer 90 having the uneven surface 92, it is preferable that the diffusion layer 90 forms the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. From these viewpoints, it is preferable that the decorative laminate 10 does not include the base material 76.

[0179] <Modification Example 6: Modification Example of Unit Optical Element> FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of unit optical elements 13 have a regular hexagonal outer contour 23a in plan view. However, the form of the unit optical element 13 is not limited to this example. The outer contour 23a of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be a polygon other than a hexagonal shape. For example, the outer contour 23a of each unit optical element 13 may be a polygon such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, a hexagonal shape, or an octagonal shape. FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a plan view of a shaped layer 20 having an example of a unit optical element 13 in Modification 6. For example, as shown in FIG. 29, the unit optical elements 13 having an octagonal outer contour 23a may be arranged in a staggered pattern. The outer contour 23a of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may have a shape other than a polygon. That is, the outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 may include a curved portion or a portion extending in an arc shape. The outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 is not particularly limited. The outer contour 23a of the unit optical element 13 may be, for example, a circular shape, a semi-circular shape, an elliptical shape, a sector shape, a crescent shape, a heart shape, a letter shape, or the like. The plurality of unit optical elements 13 may have different shapes from each other. The plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be arranged in an irregular arrangement. Further, although not shown, each unit optical element 13 may be arranged so as to overlap each other. The plurality of unit optical elements 13 may have outer contours 23a having different shapes from each other.

[0180] Another example of the form of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 will be further described. In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the concavo-convex structure 25 is a linear Fresnel lens or has a structure combining linear Fresnel lenses. However, the form of the concavo-convex structure 25 is not limited to this. The concavo-convex structure 25 may be a circular Fresnel lens. In this case, as shown in FIG. 30, the shape of each inclined surface 26A in plan view may be a perfect circle or an ellipse. The directions in which the major axis of the ellipse extends (hereinafter simply referred to as the major axis direction) may be different among the plurality of unit optical elements 13. For example, the major axis direction in one unit optical element 13 may be non-parallel or perpendicular to the major axis direction in another unit optical element 13. As shown in FIG. 31, in plan view, each inclined surface 26A may extend in an arc shape. In the example shown in FIG. 31, the inclined surface 26A of each unit optical element 13 extends along a circle centered on the optical axis Ax of the unit optical element 13. As shown in FIG. 32, the shaping layer 20 may include a concavo-convex structure 25 formed as a linear Fresnel lens and a concavo-convex structure 25 formed as a circular Fresnel lens. The plurality of unit optical elements 13 may include unit optical elements 13 having different outer contour 23a shapes.

[0181] Furthermore, another example of the unit optical element 13 in which a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A include a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 and a plurality of connection surfaces 26B include a plurality of first connection surfaces 26B1 will be described. FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a plan view of a shaping layer 20 having another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 6. FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a cross section of the shaping layer 20 along line XXXIV-XXXIV in FIG. 33 together with cross sections of the luminance adjustment layer 30 and the filling layer 40. In FIG. 33, illustration of portions other than the shaping layer 20, the luminance adjustment layer 30, and the filling layer 40 of the decorative laminate 10 is omitted. The first region 234 of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 functions as a conical lens (axicon lens) shown in FIG. 35. In the example shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are formed by dividing the side surface of the cone. The first region 234 is a region extending from the inclined surface 26Ao located most outside among the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 to the inclined surface 26Ac located most inside among the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 when viewed in the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are arranged in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined toward the first reference line L1. In the example shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the first reference line L1 coincides with the perpendicular of the cone. The perpendicular of the cone is a line vertically dropped from the apex of the cone to the bottom surface.

[0182] In the example shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the unit optical element 13 in which the first region 234 functions as a lens having a straight cone shape shown in FIG. 35 has been described. However, the form of the unit optical element 13 is not limited to this. The first region 234 of the unit optical element 13 may function as a lens having a shape of an oblique cone as shown in FIG. 36. FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a cross section of the shaping layer 20 along line XXXVII-XXXVII in FIG. 33 together with cross sections of the luminance adjustment layer 30 and the filling layer 40. In FIG. 37, illustration of portions other than the shaping layer 20 and the filling layer 40 of the decorative laminate 10 is omitted. The first region 234 may function as a lens having a conical shape with an elliptical bottom surface.

[0183] In the above example, an example in which the first region 234 has a shape that functions as a conical lens was shown. However, the shape of the first region 234 is not limited to this. The first region 234 may function as a lens having a pyramidal shape other than a cone. For example, the first region 234 may function as a lens having a pyramidal shape with a polygonal bottom surface as shown in FIG. 38. FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a plan view of the shaping layer 20 having another example of the unit optical element 13 in Modification 6. The first inclined surface 26A1 may be formed as shown by the solid line in FIG. 39. Note that, in this specification, the term "pyramid" includes not only a right pyramid but also an oblique pyramid.

[0184] The first region 234 may function as a frustum-shaped lens. In this case, the first region 234 may function as a frustum-shaped lens obtained by removing the top of a right pyramid as shown in FIGS. 40 and 41. The first region 234 may function as a frustum-shaped lens obtained by removing the top of an oblique pyramid. FIG. 41 shows a cross section of the shaping layer 20, the luminance adjustment layer 30, and the filling layer 40 when the concavo-convex structure 25 is configured such that the first region 234 functions as a frustum-shaped lens. In FIG. 41, illustration of portions other than the shaping layer 20 and the filling layer 40 of the decorative laminate 10 is omitted.

[0185] As an example, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shape of the side surface or a part of the side surface of a pyramid or a frustum at different height positions. In other words, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are configured to have a shape obtained by dividing the side surface of a pyramid or a frustum. The pyramid in which the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shape of the side surface or a part of the side surface is referred to as a first pyramid. The frustum in which the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shape of the side surface or a part of the side surface is referred to as a first frustum. By the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 forming the shape of the side surface or a part of the side surface of the first pyramid or the first frustum at different height positions, the first region 234 can function as a lens having the shape of the first pyramid or a lens having the shape of the first frustum.

[0186] The first region 234 may function as a lens having a substantially conical shape or a substantially frustum shape. The first region 234 may function as a lens having a shape in which a part of a cone, a frustum, a substantially cone, or a substantially frustum is cut off on a virtual plane perpendicular to its bottom surface, as shown in FIG. 42. The shape shown in FIG. 42 corresponds to a shape in which a part of the cone shown in FIG. 38 is cut off on a virtual plane perpendicular to its bottom surface. In this case, the first inclined surface 26A1 is formed as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 39. The unit optical element 13 labeled 23C in FIG. 39, which is formed to function as a lens having the shape shown in FIG. 42, is referred to as an incomplete unit optical element 13C. The unit optical element 13 labeled 23D in FIG. 39, which is formed to function as a lens having the shape shown in FIG. 38, is referred to as a complete unit optical element 13D. The incomplete unit optical element 13C has a shape in which a part of the complete unit optical element 13D is cut off on a virtual plane parallel to the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10.

[0187] In any case where the first region 234 functions as a lens having any of the above-described shapes, the concavo-convex structure 25 of the first region 234 is formed such that a plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are arranged in a direction toward a first reference line L1 extending along the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz) of the decorative laminate 10. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 are inclined toward the first reference line L1. The plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shape of the side surfaces or a part of the side surfaces of a cone, a frustum, a substantially cone, and a substantially frustum at different height positions.

[0188] FIG. 41 corresponds to a cross section of the shaping layer 20, the brightness adjustment layer 30, and the filling layer 40 of the decorative laminate 10 when the shaping surface 20a functions as a lens having a frustum shape or a substantially frustum shape. As shown in FIG. 41, the unit optical element includes a second region 235 adjacent to the first region 234 in the direction in which the first inclined surfaces 26A1 are arranged. As an example, in the second region 235, the shaping surface 20a is a flat surface or a curved surface. In the example shown in FIG. 41, in the second region 235, the shaping surface 20a is a flat surface. The second region 235 may be a spherical lens.

[0189] The second region 235 may include a plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 and a plurality of second connection surfaces 26B2 that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. The plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 may have a shape corresponding to a plurality of lens surfaces obtained by dividing a continuous lens surface along a plane perpendicular to its thickness direction. The plurality of second connection surfaces 26B2 may have a shape corresponding to a rising surface that connects the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 corresponding to the plurality of lens surfaces. As shown in FIG. 43, a Fresnel lens structure may be formed in the second region 235. In this case, the second region 235 may include a plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 that form a Fresnel lens structure and a plurality of second connection surfaces 26B2 that connect adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. In the example shown in FIG. 43, the Fresnel lens structure includes a second inclined surface 26A2 formed by dividing a continuous spherical lens and a second connection surface 26B2 that connects adjacent second inclined surfaces 26A2. In the example shown in FIG. 43, the Fresnel lens structure formed in the second region 235 functions as a convex lens, but the Fresnel lens structure is not limited to this. The Fresnel lens structure may function as a concave lens. By forming a Fresnel lens structure in the second region 235, it is possible to express a rich three-dimensional effect greater than or equal to the thickness of the shaping layer 20 and to express a complex design.

[0190] An uneven structure 25 that functions as a lens having a cone shape, a truncated cone shape, a substantially cone shape, or a substantially truncated cone shape different from the truncated cone shape or the substantially truncated cone shape corresponding to the first inclined surface 26A1 of the first region 234 may be formed in the second region 235.

[0191] As an example, the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 form the shapes of the side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of a cone or a frustum of a cone. In other words, the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 are configured to have a shape formed by dividing the side surface of a cone or a frustum of a cone. The cone whose side surface or part of the side surface is formed by the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 is referred to as a second cone. The frustum of a cone whose side surface or part of the side surface is formed by the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 is referred to as a second frustum of a cone. By the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 forming the shapes of the side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of the second cone or the second frustum of a cone, the second region 235 can function as a lens having the shape of the second cone or a lens having the shape of the second frustum of a cone.

[0192] As an example, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 form the shapes of the side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of a first frustum of a cone. The plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 form the shapes of the side surfaces or parts of the side surfaces at different height positions of a second cone or a second frustum of a cone. In this case, the shape of the bottom surface of the first frustum of a cone and the shape of the bottom surface of the second cone or the second frustum of a cone may be different from each other. As an example, in the example shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 39, the first region 234 is formed to function as a lens having the shape of a frustum of a cone (first frustum of a cone) whose bottom surface is hexagonal. The second region 235 is formed to function as a lens having the shape of a cone whose bottom surface is a circle, that is, a circular cone (second cone). In this case, the plurality of first inclined surfaces 26A1 may form the shapes of the side surfaces at different height positions of the first frustum of a cone, and the plurality of second inclined surfaces 26A2 may form the shapes of the side surfaces at different height positions of the second cone or the frustum of a cone. In the unit optical element 13 shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 39, in a plan view, the first region 234 surrounds the second region 235.

[0193] FIG. 44 shows a cross-section of the shaped layer 20 along the line XLIV-XLIV of FIG. 39, together with cross-sections of the brightness adjustment layer 30 and the filling layer 40. In the example shown in FIG. 44, an uneven structure 25 having a function different from that of the first inclined surface 26A1 of the first region 234 is formed in the second region 235. In the second region 235, an uneven structure 25 that functions as a lens having, for example, a cone shape, a frustum shape, a substantially cone shape, or a substantially frustum shape is formed. In this case, the second inclined surfaces 26A2 may be arranged in a direction toward a second reference line L2 extending along the normal direction Dn (Z direction Dz). The second inclined surfaces 26A2 may be inclined toward the second reference line L2. In the example shown in FIG. 44, the position of the second reference line L2 when the decorative laminate 10 is viewed in plan is determined at a single point. In the illustrated example, the second reference line L2 coincides with the perpendicular of a cone that is the second cone. The second reference line L2 may or may not coincide with the first reference line L1.

[0194] Another example of the form of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 will be further described. For example, as shown in FIGS. 45 and 46, the unit optical elements 13 having a square outer contour 23a may be arranged in a square array. The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 45 can be regarded as being arranged in the direction toward the first reference line L1 shown in FIG. 45 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. The plurality of inclined surfaces 26A of the unit optical element 13 shown in FIG. 46 can be regarded as being arranged in the direction toward the first reference line L1 shown in FIG. 46 and inclined toward the first reference line L1. In the example shown in FIG. 45, the concavo-convex structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 is a linear Fresnel lens. FIG. 47 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of the shaped layer 20 shown in FIG. 46 along the line XLVII-XLVII together with the cross-sections of the luminance adjustment layer 30 and the filling layer 40. In FIG. 47, illustration of portions other than the shaped layer 20 and the filling layer 40 of the decorative laminate 10 is omitted. As shown in FIG. 47, the inclined surface 26A and the connection surface 26B included in the concavo-convex structure 25 and adjacent to each other are connected at the boundary 26C. When the unit optical elements 13 having a square outer contour 23a are arranged in a square array, in a plan view of one of the unit optical elements 13, the inclined surface 26A and the connection surface 26B are arranged such that the boundary 26C included in one of the unit optical elements 13 extends in one direction. In a plan view of one of the unit optical elements 13, all of the boundaries 26C between the inclined surface 26A and the connection surface 26B extend in one direction. In this case, the direction in which the boundary 26C extends in a plan view of one of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 and the direction in which the boundary 26C extends in another plan view of the plurality of unit optical elements 13 may be different.

[0195] The case where the decorated laminate 10 has a plurality of unit optical elements 13 shown in FIGS. 46 and 47 will be further described. In the example shown in FIG. 47, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A included in one of the unit optical elements 13 are flat surfaces parallel to each other. The plurality of connection surfaces 26B included in one of the unit optical elements 13 are flat surfaces parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 47, the pitch P of the concavo-convex structure 25 in one of the unit optical elements 13 and the pitch P of the concavo-convex structure 25 in another one of the unit optical elements 13 may be different. The height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 in one of the unit optical elements 13 and the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 in another one of the unit optical elements 13 may be different.

[0196] The direction in which the boundary 26C extends in a plan view of one of the unit optical elements 13, the pitch P of the concavo-convex structure 25, and the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 are adjusted for each unit optical element 13. As an example, by providing a plurality of unit optical elements 13, it may be required to pseudo-display a three-dimensional shape in the region where the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are provided. In this case, according to the three-dimensional shape to be displayed, for each unit optical element 13, the direction in which the boundary 26C extends, the pitch P, and the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 may be adjusted. In this case, by adjusting the direction in which the boundary 26C extends, the pitch P, and the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25, a desired three-dimensional shape can be pseudo-displayed. As an example, assume that when light is irradiated on the three-dimensional shape to be displayed, a specific shadow is generated on the three-dimensional shape according to the direction of the irradiated light. In this case, when light is irradiated on the region where the plurality of unit optical elements 13 are provided, the direction in which the boundary 26C extends, the pitch P, and the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 are adjusted so that the specific shadow is generated. Thereby, by displaying the shadow of the desired three-dimensional shape, the three-dimensional shape can be pseudo-displayed.

[0197] <Modification Example 7: Modification Example of the Luminance Adjustment Layer> In the above-described embodiments and each modification, an example in which the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the reflection layer 33 has been described. However, the luminance adjustment layer 30 is not limited thereto. The luminance adjustment layer 30 may be the refractive index modulation layer 34. The refractive index modulation layer 34 is a layer whose refractive index is different from that of the shaping layer 20. FIG. 48 is a diagram showing the decorative laminate 10 of Modification 7. In the example shown in FIG. 48, the concavo-convex structure 25 of the shaping layer 20 is covered with the refractive index modulation layer 34. In this case, a reflection interface 27 is formed between the shaping layer 20 and the refractive index modulation layer 34, and the reflectance of light at the shaping surface 20a can be improved. Thereby, the luminance of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10 can be adjusted.

[0198] The refractive index modulation layer 34 can be formed by vapor deposition or coating of a high refractive index material (for example, metal oxide, metal sulfide, or metal nitride). The refractive index modulation layer 34 may be a transparent vapor deposition layer. As the high refractive index material for forming the refractive index modulation layer 34, any one of titanium oxide (TiO2), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide (ZnS), barium titanate, silicon oxide (SiO2), or a combination thereof can be adopted. Also, the refractive index modulation layer 34 may be a transparent vapor deposition layer. By forming the refractive index modulation layer 34 with such a material, the electromagnetic wave transmissivity of the refractive index modulation layer 34 can be improved. As described above, whether the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the reflection layer 33 or the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the refractive index modulation layer 34, the luminance adjustment layer 30 can be a vapor deposition film.

[0199] When the refractive index modulation layer 34 is formed by coating with a high refractive index material, the refractive index modulation layer 34 can be formed, for example, by the following method. Prepare an ink containing high refractive index particles with an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less formed of a high refractive index material, and coat this on the shaping surface 20a. Thereby, the refractive index modulation layer 34 can be formed. As such an ink containing high refractive index particles, for example, a zirconium oxide dispersion (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., SZR series (product name)) can be adopted. The ink may or may not contain a binder resin. As the binder resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, an ionizing radiation curable resin, or the like can be adopted. The ionizing radiation curable resin is, for example, an electron beam curable resin. The refractive index modulation layer 34 containing an ultraviolet curable resin or an electron beam curable resin as a binder resin is flexible and has stretchability. For this reason, when the decorative laminate 10 is curved or stretched along the surface of the molding portion 65, the refractive index modulation layer 34 can be curved or stretched as desired. In other words, there is little possibility that the curvature or stretching of the decorative laminate 10 is hindered by the refractive index modulation layer 34.

[0200] When the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the refractive index modulation layer 34, the rise angle θB of the connection surface 26B of the concavo-convex structure 25 may be larger than 0°. The rise angle θB of the connection surface 26B may be 15° or more. Thereby, it is easy to form the refractive index modulation layer 34 on the connection surface 26B.

[0201] The refractive index modulation layer 34 may be formed as a thin film-like layer, similar to the reflective layer 33 shown in FIG. 4. In this case, the thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 34 may be thinner than the height H25 of the concavo-convex structure 25 in the unit optical element 13. The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 34 may be half or less of the height H25, may be 25% or less of the height H25, or may be 10% or less of the height H25. The refractive index modulation layer 34 having such a thickness forms concavities and convexities corresponding to the concavities and convexities of the shaping surface 20a on the side opposite to the side facing the shaping surface 20a without filling the concavities and convexities of the shaping surface 20a. Although not shown, the refractive index modulation layer 34 may fill the concavities and convexities of the shaping surface 20a. In this case, the decorative laminate 10 may not have the filling layer 40.

[0202] The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 34 is preferably a thickness that can make the reflectance of the reflection interface 27 formed by the refractive index modulation layer 34 sufficiently large. The thickness of the refractive index modulation layer 34 may be, for example, 0.005 μm or more. The thickness of the reflection layer 33 may be 20 μm or less. The thickness of the reflection layer 33 may be 0.005 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

[0203] <Modification Example 8: Modification Example of the Luminance Adjustment Layer> In the above-described embodiments and each modification example, an example in which the luminance adjustment layer 30 is the reflection layer 33 or the refractive index modulation layer 34 has been described. However, the luminance adjustment layer 30 is not limited thereto. The luminance adjustment layer 30 may be a colored layer 36. The colored layer 36 absorbs a part of the light incident on the decorative laminate 10, thereby adjusting the reflectance of visible light at the reflection interface between the shaped surface 20a and the luminance adjustment layer 30. Further, the colored layer 36 can impart a desired color to the decorative laminate 10. FIG. 49 is a view showing the decorative laminate 10 of Modification Example 8. As the material constituting the colored layer 36, a material in which a pigment or a dye is mixed with a resin can be adopted. The colored layer 36 may further contain additives such as an ultraviolet absorber and a light stabilizer.

[0204] The resin contained in the colored layer 36 may be, for example, a non-ultraviolet curable acrylic resin. The acrylic resin is, for example, a polymer of a (meth)acrylate compound. The polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer of a (meth)acrylate compound. Examples of the (meth)acrylate compound include alkyl (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate and ethyl (meth)acrylate, cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates such as cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, aromatic (meth)acrylates such as phenyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate. As the acrylic resin, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is preferable. In this specification, the expression "(meth)acrylate compound" means one or both of "acrylate compound" and "methacrylate compound".

[0205] From the viewpoint of durability such as heat resistance and abrasion resistance, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 10,000 or more, or may be 50,000 or more. From the viewpoint of interlayer adhesion, the Mw of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 100,000 or less, or may be 80,000 or less. In this specification, Mw means a value measured by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as a standard substance, and is measured by a method conforming to JIS K 7252-3:2016.

[0206] From the viewpoint of durability such as heat resistance and abrasion resistance, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 70°C or higher, or may be 85°C or higher. From the viewpoint of interlayer adhesion, the Tg of the acrylic resin may be, for example, 110°C or lower, or may be 100°C or lower. Therefore, the Tg of the acrylic resin may be 70°C or higher and 110°C or lower. In this specification, Tg is the glass transition temperature obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in accordance with JIS K 7121:2012.

[0207] The resin contained in the colored layer 36 may be a cured product of an acrylic thermosetting resin. The cured product is formed, for example, from an acrylic thermosetting resin and a curing agent. Examples of the acrylic thermosetting resin include acrylic polyols having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule. Examples of the acrylic polyol include polymers of (meth)acrylate compounds using at least hydroxyl group-containing monomers such as hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate as raw material monomers. Examples of the curing agent include isocyanate compounds.

[0208] When the coloring layer 36 is colored black, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a black pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a black dye instead of the black pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. Examples of the black pigment included in the coloring layer 36 include carbon black, titanium black, composite metal oxides, and perylene black. Examples of the black dye included in the coloring layer 36 include azo black dyes and nigrosine black dyes.

[0209] When the coloring layer 36 is colored blue, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a blue pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a blue dye instead of the blue pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. Examples of the blue pigment included in the coloring layer 36 include copper phthalocyanine-based pigments, anthraquinone-based pigments, cobalt blue, and composite metal oxides. Examples of the blue dye included in the coloring layer 36 include methine dyes, anthraquinone dyes, azo dyes, triarylmethane dyes, and phthalocyanine dyes.

[0210] When the coloring layer 36 is colored red, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a red pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a red dye instead of the red pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. Examples of the red pigment included in the coloring layer 36 include diketopyrrolopyrrole-based pigments, anthraquinone-based pigments, quinacridone-based pigments, perylene-based pigments, composite metal oxides, and iron oxide. Examples of the red dye included in the coloring layer 36 include azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, and perinone dyes.

[0211] When the coloring layer 36 is colored yellow, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a yellow pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a yellow dye instead of the yellow pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. As the yellow pigment contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, isoindoline-based pigments, anthraquinone-based pigments, condensed azo-based pigments, composite metal oxides, and iron oxides can be adopted. Also, as the yellow dye contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, azo-based dyes, anthraquinone-based dyes, methine-based dyes, quinophthalone-based dyes, and pyrazolone-based dyes can be adopted.

[0212] When the coloring layer 36 is colored green, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a green pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a green dye instead of the green pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. As the green pigment contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, phthalocyanine-based pigments and isoindoline-based pigments can be adopted. Also, as the green dye contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, triphenylmethane-based basic dyes and phthalocyanine-based dyes can be adopted.

[0213] When the coloring layer 36 is colored purple, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a purple pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a purple dye instead of the purple pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. As the purple pigment contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, quinacridone-based pigments and dioxazine-based pigments can be adopted. Also, as the purple dye contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, azo-based dyes, anthraquinone-based dyes, azine-based dyes, and quinoline-based dyes can be adopted.

[0214] When the coloring layer 36 is colored reddish purple, the coloring layer 36 typically contains a magenta pigment. The coloring layer 36 may contain a magenta dye instead of the magenta pigment, or may contain both the pigment and the dye. As the magenta pigment contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, quinacridone-based pigments can be adopted. Also, as the magenta dye contained in the coloring layer 36, for example, scarlet and anthraquinone-based dyes can be adopted.

[0215] In addition, the colored layer 36 may contain not only the pigments and dyes described above but also color - adjusting pigments and color - adjusting dyes. For example, when coloring the colored layer 36 black and the black pigment or black dye has a reddish tint, the colored layer 36 may further contain the blue pigment or blue dye described above as a color - adjusting pigment or color - adjusting dye. As the color - adjusting pigment in this case, for example, in addition to the blue pigment, various coloring pigments such as the red pigment, yellow pigment, green pigment, magenta pigment, and purple pigment described above can be adopted. Also, as the color - adjusting dye in this case, in addition to the blue dye, various dyes such as the red dye, green dye, magenta dye, yellow dye, and purple dye described above can be adopted.

[0216] Alternatively, the colored layer 36 may contain the pigments and dyes of the above - mentioned various colors other than the black pigment and black dye and be blackened.

[0217] Such a colored layer 36 is produced by applying the liquid precursor material to the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 and curing it. The precursor material of the colored layer 36 contains the resin and the pigment or dye contained in the above - mentioned colored layer 36.

[0218] In the example shown in FIG. 49, the colored layer 36 fills the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a. That is, the luminance - adjusting layer 30, which is the colored layer 36, also functions as a flattening layer that fills the unevenness of the shaping surface 20a. In this case, the decorative laminate 10 may not have the filling layer 40. The bonding layer 35 may not also serve as the filling layer 40. In the example shown in FIG. 49, the surface of the luminance - adjusting layer 30 that contacts the bonding layer 35 is flat. Thereby, the surface of the bonding layer 35 that contacts the luminance - adjusting layer 30 is flat.

[0219] Such a colored layer 36 is produced by applying the liquid precursor material to the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 and curing it. The precursor material of the colored layer 36 contains the resin and the pigment or dye contained in the above - mentioned colored layer 36.

[0220] The total light transmittance of at least a part of the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 may be different from the total light transmittance of the other unit adjustment elements 41. Thereby, a complicated design can be expressed by the decorative laminate 10.

[0221] The thickness of the colored layer 36 is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 500 μm or less.

[0222] <Modification Example 9: Modification Example of Decorative Member> As the shape of the decorative member 3, any shape can be adopted. In other words, the shape of the molded part 65 to which the decorative laminate 10 is applied may be any shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 50, the decorative member 3 may include a curved surface 68. More specifically, the molded part 65 includes a curved surface 68 corresponding to the curved surface 3c of the decorative member 3, and the decorative laminate 10 may cover the curved surface 68 of the molded part 65. By covering the curved surface 68 with the decorative laminate 10, an observer observing the curved surface 3c of the decorative member 3 can grasp the change in the optical action of the decorative laminate 10 according to the change in the incident angle of light on the decorative laminate 10 without moving the decorative member 3. In other words, since the incident angle of light on the decorative laminate 10 is different depending on the location on the curved surface 3c of the decorative member 3, an observer observing the curved surface 3c of the decorative member 3 can, by simply moving the line of sight, perceive the movement of the reflected light from the decorative laminate 10 in the same manner as when observing a flat decorative laminate 10 while changing its inclination. From the viewpoint of effectively grasping the change in the optical action of the decorative laminate 10, the radius of curvature of the curved surface of the decorative member 3 (and thus the curved surface of the molded part 65) is preferably 250 mm or less, and more preferably 100 mm or less.

[0223] According to one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the decorative laminate 10 has a front surface 11 and a back surface 12 facing the front surface 11, and includes a shaping layer 20 and a diffusion layer 90 located closer to the front surface 11 than the shaping layer 20 and facing the shaping layer 20. The shaping layer 20 has a shaping surface 20a on which an uneven structure 25 is formed. The decorative laminate 10 has at least one unit optical element 13 that reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light according to the uneven structure 25. In the unit optical element 13, the shaping surface 20a includes a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A arranged in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10 and inclined toward the reference line, and a plurality of connection surfaces 26B connecting adjacent inclined surfaces 26A, thereby forming a reflection interface 27 where light is reflected. The angle of the normal direction Dn of the inclined surface 26A is larger than the angle of the normal direction Dn of the connection surface 26B connecting to the inclined surface 26A. The diffusion layer 90 diffuses incident light. The ratio G(85) / G(20), which is the ratio of the specular glossiness G(85) at an incident angle of 85° on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 to the specular glossiness G(20) at an incident angle of 20° on the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10, is 2 or more and 30 or less. Thereby, the decorative laminate 10 and the decorative member 3 having a three-dimensional effect and expressing a matte texture can be provided.

[0224] In one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the plurality of inclined surfaces 26A are lens surfaces, and the plurality of connection surfaces 26B are rise surfaces. Thereby, the unit optical element 13 can function as a lens. For this reason, in the region where the decorative laminate 10 has the unit optical element 13, a three-dimensional effect greater than or equal to the thickness of the decorative laminate 10 can be expressed.

[0225] In one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the diffusion layer 90 contains a binder resin 95 and a light diffusing material 96 dispersed in the binder resin 95. Thereby, by the diffusion layer 90 diffusing incident light, the decorative laminate 10 can express a matte texture with suppressed gloss.

[0226] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the diffusion layer 90 has an uneven surface 92 that diffuses incident light. As a result, by diffusing the incident light with the diffusion layer 90, the decorative laminate 10 can express a matte texture with suppressed gloss.

[0227] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 includes a brightness adjustment layer 30 that covers the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. As a result, by adjusting the brightness of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10, a rich design with a sense of luxury can be more effectively imparted to the decorative laminate 10.

[0228] In the embodiment or its modification described above, the brightness adjustment layer 30 is a vapor deposition film. According to the decorative laminate 10 of the embodiment or its modification described above, the vapor deposition film can be firmly adhered to the shaped surface 20a. According to the decorative laminate 10 of the embodiment or its modification described above, by using the vapor deposition film as the brightness adjustment layer 30, the brightness of the light reflected by the decorative laminate 10 can be adjusted.

[0229] According to the embodiment or its modification described above, the shaped surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 faces the back surface 12. In the embodiment or its modification described above, the decorative laminate 10 is located closer to the back surface 12 than the brightness adjustment layer 30 and is in contact with the brightness adjustment layer 30, and includes a second brightness adjustment layer 51 that forms a second reflection interface 51a where light is reflected. As a result, the light that is not reflected at the reflection interface 27 and travels toward the back surface 12 can be used for design expression.

[0230] According to the embodiment or its modification described above, the plurality of connection surfaces 26B form an angle with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10. As a result, since the plurality of connection surfaces 26B form an angle with respect to the normal direction Dn of the decorative laminate 10, the shaped surface 20a and other layers can be firmly adhered to each other. Furthermore, the unit shaping element 23 corresponding to the unit optical element 13 has a shape that is easy to shape.

[0231] In one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the decorative laminate 10 includes a base material 76 that is located closer to the front surface 11 than the diffusion layer 90 and faces the diffusion layer 90. Such a decorative laminate 10 can be attached to the molding portion 65 or the like without peeling the base material 76.

[0232] In one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the transfer sheet 70 includes the above-described decorative laminate 10 and a transfer base material 72 that faces the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10. According to such a transfer sheet 70, a design expression that has not existed in the past can be realized.

[0233] In one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the decorative member 3 includes the molding portion 65 and the above-described decorative laminate 10. According to such a decorative member 3, a design expression that has not existed in the past can be realized.

[0234] In one embodiment or a modification thereof described above, the moving body 1 includes the above-described decorative laminate 10. According to such a moving body 1, a design expression that has not existed in the past can be realized.

Example

[0235] Next, specific examples of the above embodiment and each modification will be described.

[0236] <Example 1> A flat base material 72 having a release layer 73 formed on one surface was prepared. As the release layer 73, one containing a resin 74 and particles 75 diffused in the resin 74 was used. The resin 74 contained in the release layer 73 was acrylic polyol. The particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 were melamine particles. Due to the release layer 73 containing the resin 74 and the particles 75, irregularities were formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73.

[0237] Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a layer 93 of a precursor material of the diffusion layer 90 was formed on the release layer 73. As a result, irregularities were formed on the surface of the layer 93 that contacts the release layer 73 according to the shape of the irregularities formed on the second surface 73b of the release layer 73. Thereby, a diffusion layer 90 having an uneven surface 92 was formed. The material of the diffusion layer 90 was an acrylic resin. In other words, the material of the layer 93 of the precursor material of the diffusion layer 90 was selected so that the diffusion layer 90 having an acrylic resin as the material was formed.

[0238] Next, as shown in FIG. 12, a layer 29 of a precursor material of the shaping layer 20 was formed on the diffusion layer 90. Next, as shown in FIG. 13, a shaping mold 100 was pressed against the layer 29 and shaped. The shaping mold 100 had irregularities corresponding to the irregularity structure 25. Next, the layer 29 was irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the layer 29. Thereby, a shaping layer 20 having an irregularity structure 25 formed on the shaping surface 20a was produced. Thereafter, the shaping mold 100 was removed from the shaping layer 20.

[0239] Next, a refractive index modulation layer 34 was formed as the luminance adjustment layer 30 so as to cover the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20. In Example 1, as the refractive index modulation layer 34, a vapor deposition film of titanium oxide (TiO2) was formed on the shaping surface 20a. By forming the luminance adjustment layer 30, a reflection interface 27 was formed between the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20 and the luminance adjustment layer 30. The shaping surface 20a that forms the reflection interface 27 included a plurality of inclined surfaces 26A and a plurality of connection surfaces 26B in the plurality of unit optical elements 13. The irregularity structure 25 of each unit optical element 13 had a structure in which linear Fresnel lenses were combined as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The plurality of unit optical elements 13 had a regular hexagonal outer contour 23a in plan view as shown in FIG. 3.

[0240] After forming the refractive index modulation layer 34 as the luminance adjustment layer 30, a bonding layer 35 (filling layer 40) was formed on the luminance adjustment layer 30. Thereby, a transfer sheet 70 including the decorative laminate 10 shown in FIG. 48 was produced.

[0241] <Example 2> As Example 2, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Example 2, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 1.5 times the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 1. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 2 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss generated on the front surface 11, compared to Example 1.

[0242] <Example 3> As Example 3, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Example 3, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 2 times the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 1. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 3 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss generated on the front surface 11, compared to Example 1 and Example 2.

[0243] <Example 4> As Example 4, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Example 4, as the refractive index modulation layer 34, a vapor deposition film of zinc sulfide (ZnS) was formed on the shaping surface 20a.

[0244] <Example 5> As Example 5, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 4, except for the points described below. In Example 5, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 1.5 times the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 4. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 5 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss generated on the front surface 11, compared to Example 4.

[0245] <Example 6> As Example 6, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 4, except for the points described below. In Example 6, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to twice the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 4. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 6 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss on the front surface 11, compared to Example 4 and Example 5.

[0246] <Example 7> As Example 7, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Example 7, a decorative laminate 10 including a reflective layer 33 as the brightness adjustment layer 30 was manufactured as shown in FIG. 4. As the reflective layer 33, a vapor deposition film of aluminum (Al) was formed on the shaping surface 20a.

[0247] <Example 8> As Example 8, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 7, except for the points described below. In Example 8, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 1.5 times the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 7. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 8 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss on the front surface 11, compared to Example 7.

[0248] <Example 9> As Example 9, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 7, except for the points described below. In Example 9, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to twice the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 7. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 9 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss on the front surface 11, compared to Example 7 and Example 8.

[0249] <Example 10> As Example 10, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Example 10, a decorative laminate 10 including a second brightness adjustment layer 51 positioned between a bonding layer 35 and a brightness adjustment layer 30, as shown in FIG. 20, was manufactured. As the second brightness adjustment layer 51, an ink obtained by dispersing aluminum pigment in an acrylic resin was applied. In Example 10, as the refractive index modulation layer 34, a vapor deposition film of zinc sulfide (ZnS) was formed on the shaping surface 20a.

[0250] <Example 11> As Example 11, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 10, except for the points described below. In Example 11, the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 1.5 times the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 10. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 11 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 that reduces the gloss generated on the front surface 11 than in Example 10.

[0251] <Example 12> As Example 12, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 10, except for the points described below. In Example 12, the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 2 times the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 10. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Example 12 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 that reduces the gloss generated on the front surface 11 than in Example 10 and Example 11.

[0252] <Example 13> As Example 13, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Example 13, a decorative laminate 10 including a colored layer 36 as the brightness adjustment layer 30, as shown in FIG. 49, was manufactured. As the colored layer 36, a resin obtained by mixing carbon black as a pigment in an acrylic resin was used.

[0253] <Example 14> As Example 14, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 13, except for the points described below. In Example 14, the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 1.5 times the amount of particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 13. As a result, it is considered that in the diffusion layer 90 of Example 14, an uneven surface 92 having a stronger effect of diffusing light and a greater effect of reducing the gloss generated on the front surface 11 is formed than in Example 13.

[0254] <Comparative Example 1> As Comparative Example 1, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 1, a decorative laminate was produced that does not have a surface with unevenness formed on the hard coat layer 91 and does not function as a diffusion layer 90 that diffuses incident light, as shown in FIG. 7C.

[0255] <Comparative Example 2> As Comparative Example 2, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 2, a decorative laminate was produced that does not have a surface with unevenness formed on the hard coat layer 91 and does not function as a diffusion layer 90 that diffuses incident light. In Comparative Example 2, as the refractive index modulation layer 34, a vapor deposition film of zinc sulfide (ZnS) was formed on the shaping surface 20a. In Comparative Example 2, a decorative laminate including a second luminance adjustment layer 51 located between the bonding layer 35 and the luminance adjustment layer 30 was produced. As the second luminance adjustment layer 51, a material obtained by applying an ink in which aluminum pigment is dispersed in an acrylic resin was used.

[0256] <Comparative Example 3> As Comparative Example 3, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 3, a decorative laminate was produced in which the hard coat layer 91 did not have a surface with unevenness formed thereon and did not function as a diffusion layer 90 for diffusing incident light. In Comparative Example 3, a decorative laminate including a coloring layer 36 was produced as the luminance adjustment layer 30. As the coloring layer 36, a mixture in which carbon black was mixed as a pigment in an acrylic resin, which is a resin, was used.

[0257] <Comparative Example 4> As Comparative Example 4, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 13 except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 4, the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to twice the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Example 13. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Comparative Example 4 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 is formed on the front surface 11, which has a greater effect of reducing the gloss, than in Example 13 and Example 14.

[0258] <Comparative Example 5> As Comparative Example 5, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 5, a decorative laminate was produced in which the hard coat layer 91 did not have a surface with unevenness formed thereon and did not function as a diffusion layer 90 for diffusing incident light. In Comparative Example 5, no uneven structure 25 was formed on the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20, and it was made flat. As a result, the decorative laminate of Comparative Example 5 did not include the unit optical element 13. In Comparative Example 5, the luminance adjustment layer 30 was not provided on the decorative laminate. In Comparative Example 5, a second luminance adjustment layer 51 was provided between the bonding layer 35 and the shaping layer 20. As the second luminance adjustment layer 51, an ink in which an aluminum pigment was dispersed in an acrylic resin was applied. That is, the decorative laminate of Comparative Example 5 was formed by laminating the bonding layer 35, the second luminance adjustment layer 51, the shaping layer 20, and the hard coat layer 91 in this order in the direction from the back surface 12 to the front surface 11.

[0259] <Comparative Example 6> As Comparative Example 6, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 6, the uneven structure 25 was not formed on the shaping surface 20a of the shaping layer 20, and the shaping surface 20a was made flat. As a result, the decorative laminate of Comparative Example 6 did not include the unit optical element 13. In Comparative Example 6, the luminance adjustment layer 30 was not provided on the decorative laminate. In Comparative Example 6, a second luminance adjustment layer 51 was provided between the bonding layer 35 and the shaping layer 20. As the second luminance adjustment layer 51, an ink in which an aluminum pigment was dispersed in an acrylic resin was applied. That is, the decorative laminate of Comparative Example 6 was formed by laminating the bonding layer 35, the second luminance adjustment layer 51, the shaping layer 20, and the diffusion layer 90 (hard coat layer 91) in this order in the direction from the back side surface 12 to the front side surface 11.

[0260] <Comparative Example 7> As Comparative Example 7, a transfer sheet 70 including a decorative laminate 10 was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6 except for the points described below. In Comparative Example 7, the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 was set to 1.5 times the amount of the particles 75 contained in the release layer 73 in Comparative Example 6. As a result, it is considered that the diffusion layer 90 of Comparative Example 7 has a stronger effect of diffusing light and a larger uneven surface 92 that reduces the gloss generated on the front side surface 11 than in Comparative Example 6. <Production of Decorative Member>

[0261] Using each of the transfer sheets 70 having the decorated laminates of Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 obtained, a decorated member 3 in which the decorated laminate 10 was transferred to the molded portion 65 as shown in FIG. 2 was produced by in-mold molding. Specifically, the decorated member 3 was produced by the following method. First, the transfer sheet 70 was placed in a mold for molding the molded portion 65. Next, molten resin was introduced between the back surface 12 (i.e., the bonding layer 35) on the transfer sheet 70 and the inner surface of the mold, and the resin was solidified in the mold. Thereby, the molded portion 65 joined to the transfer sheet 70 was molded in the above-mentioned mold. Thereafter, the base material 72 was peeled off from the decorated laminate 10. Thus, the decorated member 3 was produced. In other words, the decorated laminate 10 in a state of being joined to the molded portion 65 by the bonding layer 35 was produced. The produced decorated member 3 included the molded portion 65 and the decorated laminate 10 as shown in FIG. 4, in which the back surface 12 of the decorated laminate 10 and the front surface 66 of the molded portion 65 faced each other and were joined to the molded portion 65.

[0262] Regarding the decorated members having the decorated laminates of Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 obtained, measurement of the specular glossiness, calculation of the ratio G(85) / G(20), measurement of the total light reflectance (R SCI ) and sensory evaluation of the design expressed by the decorated laminate were performed. Details are shown below.

[0263] <Specular glossiness> Regarding the decorated members having the decorated laminates of each example and each comparative example, as the specular glossiness, the specular glossiness G(20), the specular glossiness G(60) and the specular glossiness G(85) were measured. The specular glossiness G(20) was taken as the value measured in accordance with JIS Z 8741:1997 except that the incident angle was set at 20°. The specular glossiness G(60) was taken as the value measured in accordance with JIS Z 8741:1997 except that the incident angle was set at 60°. The specular glossiness G(85) was taken as the value measured in accordance with JIS Z 8741:1997 except that the incident angle was set at 85°.

[0264] The measurement of specular gloss was carried out by the following method. As the apparatus for measuring specular gloss, RhopointIQ-S manufactured by Konica Minolta was used. The measurement environment when measuring specular gloss was set to a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The sample to be measured, that is, the decorative member having the decorative laminate of each example and each comparative example, was placed in the measurement environment for 16 hours before the start of measurement. Before measuring the specular gloss, the light source of the measuring apparatus was turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the output of the light source.

[0265] When measuring the specular gloss, the back surface 12 of the decorative member having the decorative laminate was covered with black adhesive tape. Specifically, the back surface 12 of the decorative laminate was covered with black adhesive tape by attaching black adhesive tape to the back surface 3b of the decorative member having the decorative laminate. Then, with the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 as the incident surface, the specular gloss G(20), the specular gloss G(60), and the specular gloss G(85) were measured.

[0266] From the specular gloss G(20) and the specular gloss G(85) measured by the above measurement of specular gloss, the ratio G(85) / G(20), which is the ratio of the specular gloss G(85) to the specular gloss G(20), was calculated.

[0267] <Total light reflectance (R SCI )> Regarding the decorative member having the decorative laminate of each example and each comparative example, the total light reflectance (R SCI ) of the front surface 11 was measured. The total light reflectance (R SCI ) of the front surface 11 was measured under geometric condition c in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009. In particular, as the total light reflectance (R SCI ), the reflectance Y value (Y of the tristimulus values XYZ) measured by the SCI method using a spectrophotometer in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009 was measured. The measurement of the total light reflectance (R SCI ) was carried out using a spectrophotometer (model number CM-700d) manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd. At the time of measurement, the measurement conditions, observation conditions, and measurement diameter / illumination diameter were set as follows. Total light reflectance (R SCIThe measurement of was performed by vertically pressing a spectrophotometer against the front surface 11 of the decorative laminate 10 placed on a flat table. The measurement wavelength range of this spectrophotometer was 400 nm to 700 nm, and the measurement wavelength interval was 10 nm. <Measurement Conditions> · Mode (regular reflection light processing mode): I + E (SCI + SCE) <Observation Conditions> · Color system: Yxy · Field of view angle: 10° field of view · Main light source: D65 <Measurement diameter / Illumination diameter> By exchanging the target mask and switching the lens position, it was set to either Φ3 mm / Φ6 mm or Φ8 mm / Φ11 mm.

[0268] The measurement diameter / illumination diameter was selected according to the dimensions of the unit optical element 13. Here, the illumination diameter is the diameter of the irradiation area of the spectrophotometer, and the measurement diameter is the diameter of the measurement area C of the spectrophotometer (see Fig. 8).

[0269] When the center of the measurement area C was aligned with the geometric center of the unit optical element 13, the measurement diameter / illumination diameter was selected so that at least 40% of the unit optical element 13 was within the measurement area C, and the total light reflectance (R SCI ) was set. The measurement diameter was selected as the smallest measurement diameter among the selectable measurement diameters.

[0270] Next, as shown in Fig. 8, in the plan view of the decorative laminate 10, the position of the measurement area C with respect to the unit optical element 13 was determined so that the center of the measurement area C of the spectrophotometer coincided with the geometric center of the unit optical element 13, and the total light reflectance (R SCI ) was measured.

[0271] <Sensory Evaluation of the Design> Regarding the decorative members having the decorative laminates of each example and comparative example, a sensory evaluation of the design expressed was conducted. In the sensory evaluation of the design, the decorative member having the decorative laminate was attached to the wall of a room with normal general brightness such that the front surface 11 faced the center of the room. Then, the subjects were made to observe from a position 30 cm away from the front surface 11 in the Y direction Dy, and evaluate the design expressed by the decorative member having the decorative laminate.

[0272] When having the subjects evaluate the design, the subjects were made to evaluate which of the following A, B, C, and D the design expressed by the decorative member having the decorative laminate best corresponded to. A: The three-dimensional effect was clearly expressed, and a matte texture was clearly expressed. B: The three-dimensional effect was clearly expressed, and a matte texture was expressed, but there was a slight gloss on the front surface 11. C: The three-dimensional effect was expressed, but the three-dimensional effect was not very clear. D: The three-dimensional effect was not expressed.

[0273] Regarding the decorative members having the decorative laminates of Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the measurement of the specular glossiness, the calculation of the ratio G(85) / G(20), the measurement of the total light reflectance (R SCI ), and the results of the sensory evaluation of the design expressed by the decorative member having the decorative laminate are shown in Table 1.

[0274]

Table 1

[0275] As shown in Table 1, the decorative members having the decorative laminate of Examples 1 to 14, which include the diffusion layer 90 and the unit optical element 13 and have a ratio G(85) / G(20) of 2 or more and 30 or less, were evaluated as either "A", "B", or "C" in the sensory evaluation of the design. On the other hand, it was found that the decorative members having the decorative laminate of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 without the diffusion layer 90 did not have a ratio G(85) / G(20) of 2 or more and 30 or less and were evaluated as "D" in the sensory evaluation of the design. The decorative members having the decorative laminate of Comparative Examples 5 to 7 without the unit optical element 13 did not have a ratio G(85) / G(20) of 2 or more and 30 or less and were evaluated as "D" in the sensory evaluation of the design. Furthermore, the decorative member having the decorative laminate of Comparative Example 4 with a ratio G(85) / G(20) greater than 30 was evaluated as "D" in the sensory evaluation of the design.

[0276] As shown in Table 1, the decorative members having the decorative laminate of Examples 1 to 12 with a total light reflectance (R SCI ) of 10% or more were evaluated as either "A" or "B" in the sensory evaluation of the design. On the other hand, the decorative members having the decorative laminate of Examples 13 and 14 with a total light reflectance (R SCI ) less than 10% were evaluated as "C" in the sensory evaluation of the design.

[0277] As shown in Table 1, the decorative members having the decorative laminate of Examples 1 to 6, 8, 9, and 12, with a specular glossiness G(60) of 60 or less and a ratio G(85) / G(20) greater than 3, were evaluated as "A" in the sensory evaluation of the design. On the other hand, the decorative members having the decorative laminate of Examples 7, 10, and 11, which meet at least one of the conditions of having a specular glossiness G(60) greater than 60 or a ratio G(85) / G(20) of 3 or less, were evaluated as "B" in the sensory evaluation of the design.

[0278] Although the embodiment and its modification examples have been described with reference to specific examples, the above specific examples are not intended to limit the embodiment and its modification examples. The above-described embodiment and its modification examples can be implemented with various other specific examples, and various omissions, replacements, changes, additions, etc. can be made without departing from the gist thereof.

Explanation of Signs

[0279] 1: Moving body, 3: Decorative member, 5: Sensor, 10: Decorative laminate, 11: Front surface, 12: Back surface, 13: Unit optical element, 20: Shaping layer, 20a: Shaping surface, 20b: Non-shaping surface, 23: Unit shaping element, 234: First region, 235: Second region, 24: Gap region, 25: Concavo-convex structure, 26A: Inclined surface, 26B: Connection surface, 27: Reflection interface, 30: Luminance adjustment layer, 35: Bonding layer, 40: Filling layer, 51: Second luminance adjustment layer, 51a: Second reflection interface, 52: Color-imparting layer, 65: Forming portion, 70: Transfer sheet, 72: Base material, 73: Release layer, 74: Resin, 75: Particles, 76: Base material, 90: Diffusion layer, 91: Hard coat layer, 92: Concavo-convex surface, 95: Binder resin, 96: Light diffusing material

Claims

1. A decorative laminate having a front surface and a back surface facing the front surface, and comprising a shaping layer and a diffusion layer located closer to the front surface than the shaping layer and facing the shaping layer, The shaping layer has a shaped surface on which an uneven structure is formed, The decorative laminate has at least one unit optical element that reflects, refracts, and / or diffracts incident light according to the uneven structure, In the unit optical element, the shaped surface includes a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged in a direction toward a reference line extending along the normal direction of the decorative laminate and inclined toward the reference line, and a plurality of connecting surfaces connecting adjacent inclined surfaces, An angle of the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction is larger than an angle of the connecting surface connecting to the inclined surface with respect to the normal direction, The diffusion layer diffuses incident light, A decorative laminate in which a ratio G(85) / G(20), which is a ratio of a specular glossiness G(85) at an incident angle of 85° to a specular glossiness G(20) at an incident angle of 20° on the front surface of the decorative laminate, is 2 or more and 30 or less.

2. The plurality of inclined surfaces are lens surfaces, The decorative laminate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of connecting surfaces are rise surfaces.

3. The decorative laminate according to claim 1, wherein a specular glossiness G(60) at an incident angle of 60° on the front surface of the decorative laminate is 70 or less.

4. The total light reflectance (R ＳＣＩ ) measured from the side of the front surface in accordance with JIS Z 8722:2009 is 10% or more. The decorative laminate according to claim 1.

5. The decorative laminate according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion layer contains a binder resin and a light diffusing material dispersed in the binder resin.

6. The decorative laminate according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion layer has a concavo-convex surface for diffusing incident light.

7. The decorative laminate according to claim 1, further comprising a brightness adjustment layer covering the shaping surface of the shaping layer.

8. The decorative laminate according to claim 7, wherein the brightness adjustment layer is a vapor deposition film.

9. The shaping surface of the shaping layer faces the back side, The decorative laminate according to claim 7, further comprising a second brightness adjustment layer located closer to the back side than the brightness adjustment layer and in contact with the brightness adjustment layer.

10. The decorative laminate according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of connection surfaces form an angle with respect to the normal direction of the decorative laminate.

11. The decorative laminate according to claim 1, further comprising a base material located closer to the front side than the diffusion layer and facing the diffusion layer.

12. A decorative laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and A transfer sheet comprising a transfer base material facing the front side of the decorative laminate.

13. A forming part, A decorative member comprising a decorative laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 11 covering at least a part of the forming part.

14. A moving body comprising a decorative laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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