Bubble liquid jetting nozzle

Abstract

To provide a bubble liquid jetting nozzle capable of jetting a bubble liquid in which a large amount of micro-bubbles and a large amount of ultra-fine bubbles are mixed (mingled) and dissolved.SOLUTION: A bubble liquid jetting nozzle of the present invention includes: first to third spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z arranged in a freely floatable manner; and respective liquid jetting holes 4A to 4D communicating with a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. A vortex flow is formed (generated) by a vortex forming body 5 in a liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The first to third spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z are freely moved in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the vortex flow of the liquid to stir the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The gas in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is precipitated and broken (sheared) by the vortex flow and agitation of the liquid by the first to third spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z to become micro-bubbles and ultra-fine bubbles, to be mixed (mingled) and dissolved in the liquid. The bubble liquid is jetted at acute angles θ1 to θ4 through the respective liquid jetting holes 4A to 4D.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bubble liquid injection nozzle for injecting a bubble liquid.

Background Art

[0002] As a technique for injecting a bubble liquid, the patent literature discloses a microbubble generator. The microbubble generator generates a negative pressure in an injection nozzle for injecting a liquid, sucks air by this negative pressure, and stirs and mixes the liquid and the gas in the injection pipe to generate microbubbles.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In Patent Document 1, microbubbles are generated by stirring and mixing a liquid and a gas in an injection pipe, and a bubble liquid in which a certain amount of microbubbles are mixed and dissolved can be injected. However, it is further desired to increase the amount of microbubbles mixed (incorporated) and dissolved in the liquid and to mix (incorporate) and dissolve ultra-fine bubbles.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a bubble liquid injection nozzle capable of injecting a bubble liquid in which a large amount of microbubbles and a large amount of ultra-fine bubbles are mixed (incorporated) and dissolved.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] Claim 1 according to the present invention has a cylindrical body and a nozzle plate that closes one end of the cylindrical body, and forms an inflow space inside between the nozzle plate and the other end of the cylindrical body where liquid flows in. It includes a cylindrical main body, a vortex generator arranged to form a gas-liquid mixing chamber in the inflow space between the nozzle plate, one or more first floating bodies, and one or more second floating bodies formed in a shape larger than the second floating body. The nozzle plate is formed in a spherical crown shape that protrudes from one end of the cylindrical body in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical body. The cylindrical main body penetrates the nozzle plate and has liquid injection holes that open to the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface that are curved in a spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate and communicate with the gas-liquid mixing chamber. The liquid injection holes are arranged between the spherical crown center line of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body, and are inclined while extending from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body at an acute angle to the spherical crown center line. The vortex generator causes the liquid to flow out into the gas-liquid mixing chamber and forms a vortex flow around the central axis of the cylindrical body in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber. The first floating body and the second floating body are formed in a shape larger than the liquid injection holes and are arranged to be freely movable in the gas-liquid mixing chamber, which is a bubble liquid injection nozzle.

[0007] Claim 2 according to the present invention is characterized in that the cylindrical main body penetrates the nozzle plate and has a plurality of liquid injection holes that open to the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and communicate with the gas-liquid mixing chamber. Each liquid injection hole is arranged between the spherical crown center line of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body, and is inclined while extending from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body at an acute angle to the spherical crown center line, which is the bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 1.

[0008] Claim 3 according to the present invention is characterized in that the first floating body is composed of a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than the liquid injection hole, and the second floating body is composed of a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than the liquid injection hole and larger than the sphere diameter of the sphere of the first floating body, which is the bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 1 or claim 2.

[0009] Claim 4 according to the present invention is such that the first floating body is a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than the liquid injection hole, and is either a sphere with the entire sphere surface being a spherical surface, or a sphere having a recess opened on the sphere surface, or a sphere having a through hole passing through the sphere and opened on the sphere surface. The second floating body is a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than the liquid injection hole and larger than the sphere diameter of the floating body, and is either a sphere with the entire sphere surface being a spherical surface, or a sphere having a recess opened on the sphere surface, or a sphere having a through hole passing through the sphere and opened on the sphere surface. The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 1 or claim 2 is characterized in that it is composed of any one of the spheres.

[0010] Claim 5 according to the present invention includes a cylindrical body and a nozzle plate that closes one end of the cylindrical body. An inflow space for liquid to flow in is formed inside between the nozzle plate and the other end of the cylindrical body. A vortex forming body is arranged to form a gas-liquid mixing chamber in the inflow space between the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body. A plurality of floating bodies having the same size and shape are provided. The nozzle plate is formed in a spherical crown shape protruding from one end of the cylindrical body in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body penetrates the nozzle plate and has a liquid injection hole that opens on the outer peripheral surface curved in a spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate and the inner peripheral surface curved in a spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate and communicates with the gas-liquid mixing chamber. The liquid injection hole is arranged between the spherical crown center line of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body, and extends and inclines from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body at an acute angle with respect to the spherical crown center line. The vortex forming body causes the liquid to flow out into the gas-liquid mixing chamber and forms a vortex flow around the central axis of the cylindrical body in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber. Each floating body is formed in a shape larger than the liquid injection hole and is arranged to be freely movable in the gas-liquid mixing chamber. The bubble liquid injection nozzle is characterized by this.

[0011] Claim 6 according to the present invention is that the cylinder body penetrates the nozzle plate, opens on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate, and has a plurality of liquid injection holes communicating with the gas-liquid mixing chamber. Each liquid injection hole is arranged between the spherical crown center line of the nozzle plate and the cylinder body, and is inclined while extending from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylinder body at an acute angle with respect to the spherical crown center line. The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that.

[0012] Claim 7 according to the present invention is that each floating body is composed of a sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection hole. The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that.

[0013] Claim 8 according to the present invention is that each floating body is a sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection hole, and is any one of a sphere whose entire spherical surface is spherical, a sphere having a concave portion opened on the spherical surface, or a sphere having a through hole opened on the spherical surface penetrating the sphere. The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 5 or up to claim 6, characterized in that.

Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to the present invention, a bubble liquid in which a large amount of microbubbles and a large amount of ultrafine bubbles are mixed (mixed in) and dissolved can be injected from the liquid injection holes. In addition, in the international standard "ISO20480-1" of the International Standards Organization (ISO), bubbles of 1 micrometer (μm) or more and less than 100 micrometers (μm) are defined as "microbubbles", and bubbles of less than 1 micrometer (μm) are defined as "ultrafine bubbles" (hereinafter, the same).

Brief Explanation of Drawings

[0015]

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Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0016] The bubble liquid injection nozzle (bubble liquid injector) according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The bubble liquid injection nozzles of the first embodiment and the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0017] The bubble liquid injection nozzle (bubble liquid injector) of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 28.

[0018] In FIGS. 1 to 28, the bubble liquid injection nozzle X of the first embodiment (hereinafter referred to as "bubble liquid injection nozzle X") includes a cylinder main body 1, a vortex forming body 5, one or more first floating bodies 6, and one or more second floating bodies 7.

[0019] As shown in FIGS. 4, 7 to 11, the cylinder main body 1 has a cylinder body 2 (cylindrical body), a nozzle plate 3 (injection plate), one or more liquid injection holes 4 (first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D), and an inflow space λ.

[0020] The cylinder body 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape, for example. The cylinder body 2 has each cylinder end 2A, 2B in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2.

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 4, 7 to 11, the nozzle plate 3 has a plate thickness at. The nozzle plate 3 closes one cylinder end 3A of the cylinder body 2 and is fixed to one cylinder end 2A (cylinder body 2) of the cylinder body 2.

[0022] As shown in FIGS. 4, 7 to 11, the nozzle plate 3 is formed in a spherical crown shape (dome shape) that protrudes from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1). The nozzle plate 3 is formed in a spherical crown shape that protrudes from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 while being separated from each cylinder end 2A, 2B (each cylinder end face) of the cylinder body 2 in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2.

[0023] As shown in FIGS. 4, 7 to 11, the nozzle plate 3 (spherical crown-shaped nozzle plate) has an outer peripheral surface 3A (spherical crown outer peripheral surface) that curves in a spherical crown shape and an inner peripheral surface 3B (spherical crown inner peripheral surface) that curves in a spherical crown shape.

[0024] As shown in FIGS. 4, 7 to 11, the nozzle plate 3 has an outer peripheral surface 3A that curves and protrudes in a spherical crown shape (dome shape) from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2. The nozzle plate 3 has an inner peripheral surface 3B that curves and protrudes in a spherical crown shape (dome shape) from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2. The inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 is arranged at an interval of plate thickness at from the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3.

[0025] The outer peripheral surface 3A and the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 are formed in a spherical crown shape that protrudes from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 while being separated from each cylinder end 2A, 2B of the cylinder body 2 in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2. As shown in FIGS. 4, 10, and 11, the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 is formed in a spherical crown shape that is continuous with the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder body 2 and protrudes from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 at one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2.

[0026] The nozzle plate 3 is arranged concentrically with the cylinder body 2. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 10, the inner peripheral surface 3B (spherical crown inner peripheral surface) is arranged from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 into the cylinder body 2, closes one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2, and is fixed to the cylinder body 2 (one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2).

[0027] The cylinder body 1 forms an inflow space λ into which liquid flows inside the nozzle plate 3 and the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder body 2 (inside the cylinder body 1).

[0028] As shown in FIG. 10, the inflow space λ is formed inside the cylinder body 1 (inside the cylinder body 1) between the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 and the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder body 2 in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 1 (cylinder body 2). The inflow space λ has a spherical cap space ε2 that is continuous with the cylinder inner space ε1 (the cylinder inner space inside the cylinder body 2 between the cylinder ends 2A and 2B) and the cylinder inner space ε1 (the cylinder internal space) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 1 (cylinder body 2). The spherical cap space ε2 is formed in a spherical cap shape between the inner peripheral surface 3B (the inner peripheral surface that curves in a spherical cap shape) protruding from one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 and one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder body 2 in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 1 (cylinder body 2) and communicates with the cylinder inner space ε1.

[0029] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6 to 11, a plurality of liquid injection holes 4 are formed in the nozzle plate 3. Each liquid injection hole 4 penetrates the nozzle plate 3 in the plate thickness direction AT of the nozzle plate 3 and opens to the outer peripheral surface 3A that curves in a spherical cap shape and the inner peripheral surface 3B that curves in a spherical cap shape, and communicates with the inflow space λ (spherical cap space ε2).

[0030] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6 to 11, each liquid injection hole 4 is arranged between the spherical cap center line b (center line) of the nozzle plate 3 (spherical cap-shaped nozzle plate) and the cylinder body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder body 2). The spherical cap center line b of the nozzle plate 3 is a center line passing through the vertex c (vertex of the spherical cap) of the outer peripheral surface 3A that curves in a spherical cap shape and the center point d of the spherical cap (the same applies hereinafter). Each liquid injection hole 4 is arranged between the vertex c of the outer peripheral surface 3A that curves in a spherical cap shape and the inner peripheral surface 2a (cylinder body 2) of the cylinder body 2.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 11, each liquid injection hole 4 extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined at an acute angle with respect to the spherical crown center line b [the cylindrical center line a of the cylindrical body 2 (cylindrical main body 1)] of the nozzle plate 3. Each liquid injection hole 4 extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined at an acute angle between the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 and the hole center line of the liquid injection hole 4.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 11, each liquid injection hole 4 extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined at an acute angle with respect to the spherical crown center line b and while separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 toward the cylindrical body 2 (the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2). Each liquid injection hole 4 extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined at an acute angle with the spherical crown center line b and while separating from the spherical crown center line b.

[0033] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6 to 11, for example, the plurality of liquid injection holes 4 are composed of a plurality of first liquid injection holes 4A (first liquid injection holes), a plurality of second liquid injection holes 4B (second liquid injection holes), a plurality of third liquid injection holes 4C (third liquid injection holes), and a plurality of fourth liquid injection holes 4D (fourth liquid injection holes).

[0034] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6 to 11, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes) penetrate the nozzle plate 3 in the plate thickness direction AT of the nozzle plate 3, open to the outer peripheral surface 3A and the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3, and communicate with the inflow space λ (spherical crown space ε2).

[0035] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6 to 11, for example, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) are formed in a shape (truncated cone shape) that gradually reduces in diameter from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 in the plate thickness direction AT of the nozzle plate 3.

[0036] As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11, each first liquid injection hole 4A (liquid injection hole 4) is disposed between the spherical crown center line b (apex c of the outer peripheral surface 3A) of the nozzle plate 3 (spherical crown-shaped nozzle plate) and the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2 (cylindrical body 2). Each first liquid injection hole 4A is disposed between the spherical crown center line b and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a gap (a gap between the hole center line e of the first liquid injection hole 4A and the spherical crown center line b).

[0037] As shown in FIG. 7, each first liquid injection hole 4A is disposed on a circle α (first circle) with a radius r1 centered on the apex c (spherical crown center line b) of the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3. The hole center line e of the first liquid injection hole 4A is located on the circle α. Each first liquid injection hole 4A is disposed on the circle α with a gap (hole gap) between each first liquid injection hole 4A in the circumferential direction (circumferential direction of the circle α) centered on the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 (spherical crown-shaped nozzle plate).

[0038] As shown in FIG. 11, each first liquid injection hole 4A extends and inclines from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a first acute angle θ1 from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 [cylindrical center line a of the cylindrical body 2 (cylindrical main body 1)]. Each first liquid injection hole 4A extends and inclines from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a first acute angle θ1 between the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 and the hole center line e of the first liquid injection hole 4.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 11, each first liquid injection hole 4A extends and inclines from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 to the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a first acute angle θ1 from the spherical crown center line b. Each first liquid injection hole 4A extends and inclines while separating from the spherical crown center line b from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a first acute angle θ1 with respect to the spherical crown center line b. The first acute angle θ1 (acute angle) is an angle greater than 0 degrees (0°) and less than or equal to 90 degrees (90°).

[0040] As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11, each second liquid injection hole 4B (liquid injection hole 4) is disposed between the first liquid injection hole 4A and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2). Each second liquid injection hole 4B is disposed between the first liquid injection hole 4A and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a gap therebetween (a gap between the hole center line e of the first liquid injection hole 4A and the hole center line f of the second liquid injection hole).

[0041] As shown in FIG. 7, each second liquid injection hole 4B is disposed on a circle β (second circle) having a radius centered on the apex c (spherical crown center line b) of the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and larger than the radius r1. Each second liquid injection hole 4B is disposed with the hole center line f of the second liquid injection hole 4B positioned on the circle β. Each second liquid injection hole 4B is disposed on the circle β with a gap (hole interval) therebetween in the circumferential direction (circumferential direction of the circle α) centered on the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 (spherical crown-shaped nozzle plate).

[0042] As shown in FIG. 11, each second liquid injection hole 4B extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined with a second acute angle θ2 larger than the first acute angle θ1 from the spherical crown center line b [cylindrical center line a of the cylindrical body 2 (cylindrical main body 1)] of the nozzle plate 3. Each second liquid injection hole 4B extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined with a second acute angle θ between the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 and the hole center line f of the second liquid injection hole 4B.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 11, each second liquid injection hole 4B extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined while separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 toward the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a second acute angle θ2 from the spherical crown center line b. Each second liquid injection hole 4B extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while separating from the spherical crown center line b with a second acute angle θ2 and being inclined. The second acute angle θ2 (acute angle) is an angle greater than 0 degrees (0°) and less than or equal to 90 degrees (90°).

[0044] As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11, each third liquid injection hole 4C (liquid injection hole 4) is disposed between the second liquid injection hole 4B and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2). Each third liquid injection hole 4C is disposed between the second liquid injection hole 4B and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a gap (a gap between the hole center line f of the second liquid injection hole 4B and the hole center line g of the third liquid injection hole 4C).

[0045] As shown in FIG. 7, each third liquid injection hole 4C is arranged on a circle γ (third circle) with a radius centered on the apex c (spherical crown center line b) of the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and having a radius r3 larger than the radius r2. Each third liquid injection hole 4B is arranged with its hole center line g located on the circle γ. Each third liquid injection hole 4C is arranged on the circle γ with a gap (hole interval) between each third liquid injection hole 4C in the circumferential direction (circumferential direction of the circle γ) centered on the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 (spherical crown-shaped nozzle plate).

[0046] As shown in FIG. 11, each third liquid injection hole 4C extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined at a third acute angle θ3 (acute angle) greater than the first and second acute angles θ1 and θ2 with respect to the spherical crown center line b [cylindrical center line a of the cylindrical body 2 (cylindrical main body 1)] of the nozzle plate 3. Each third liquid injection hole 4C extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being inclined with a third acute angle θ3 between the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 and the hole center line g of the third liquid injection hole 4C.

[0047] As shown in Fig. 11, each third liquid injection hole 4C is separated from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 by a third acute angle θ3 and extends and inclines from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) while being separated from the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3. Each third liquid injection hole 4C forms a third acute angle θ3 with the spherical crown center line b and extends and inclines while being separated from the spherical crown center line b from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2). The third acute angle θ3 (acute angle) is an angle greater than 0 degrees (0°) and less than or equal to 90 degrees (90°).

[0048] As shown in Figs. 7 to 11, each fourth liquid injection hole 4D (liquid injection hole 4) is arranged between the third liquid injection hole 4C (spherical crown center line b) and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2). Each fourth liquid injection hole 4D is arranged between the third liquid injection hole 4C and the cylindrical body 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylindrical body 2) with a gap (a gap between the hole center line g of the third liquid injection hole 4C and the hole center line h of the fourth liquid injection hole 4D).

[0049] As shown in Fig. 7, each fourth liquid injection hole 4D is arranged on a circle ρ (fourth circle) with a radius centered on the vertex c (spherical crown center line b) of the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and larger than the radius r3. Each fourth liquid injection hole 4D is arranged with the hole center line h of the fourth liquid injection hole 4D located on the circle ρ. Each fourth liquid injection hole 4D is arranged on the circle ρ at intervals (hole intervals) between the fourth liquid injection holes 4D in the circumferential direction (circumferential direction of the circle ρ) centered on the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 (spherical crown-shaped nozzle plate).

[0050] As shown in Fig. 11, each fourth liquid injection hole 4D extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylinder 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder 2) while being inclined, with a fourth acute angle θ4 (acute angle) greater than the first to third acute angles θ1, θ2, θ3 separating it from the spherical crown center line b [cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder body 1)] of the nozzle plate 3. Each fourth liquid injection hole 4D extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylinder 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder 2) while being inclined, with the fourth acute angle θ4 separating the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 and the hole center line h of the fourth liquid injection hole 4D.

[0051] As shown in Fig. 11, each fourth liquid injection hole 4D extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylinder 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder 2) while being inclined, with the fourth acute angle θ4 separating it from the spherical crown center line b, and while separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 toward the cylinder 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder 2). Each fourth liquid injection hole 4D forms the fourth acute angle θ4 with the spherical crown center line b, is inclined while separating from the spherical crown center line b, and extends from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 toward the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3 and the cylinder 2 (inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder 2) while being inclined. The fourth acute angle θ4 (acute angle) is an angle greater than 0 degrees (0°) and less than or equal to 90 degrees (90°).

[0052] As shown in Figs. 12 to 19, the vortex generator 5 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The vortex generator 5 includes a first guide cylinder portion 71 (large-diameter cylinder portion), a second guide cylinder portion 72 (small-diameter cylinder portion), a first guide flat plate 73 (first guide plate), a second guide plate 74 (second guide plate), a flange portion 75 (flange flat plate), a central shaft portion 76, a plurality (a pair) of liquid introduction cylinder portions 77, 78, a plurality (a pair) of liquid introduction holes 79, 80 (first and second liquid introduction flow paths), and a plurality (a pair) of vortex formation grooves 81, 82 (first and second vortex formation groove flow paths).

[0053] As shown in Figs. 12 to 19, the first guide cylinder portion 71 is formed in a cylindrical shape (cylindrical body). The first guide cylinder portion 71 has respective cylinder ends 71A, 71B (respective cylinder end faces) in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder portion 71.

[0054] The second guide cylinder part 72 is a guide cylinder part, and as shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, it is formed into a cylindrical shape (cylindrical body) having an inner peripheral radius rb (rb < ra) smaller than the inner peripheral radius ra of the first guide cylinder part 71. The second guide cylinder part 72 is arranged concentrically with the first guide cylinder part 71 and inside the first guide cylinder part 71. The second guide cylinder part 72 has respective cylinder ends 72A, 72B (each cylinder end face) in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder part 72. The second guide cylinder part 72 is arranged concentrically with the first guide member 71 with a space therebetween from the outer peripheral surface 71b of the first guide cylinder part 71. In the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder part 71 (the cylinder center line i of the vortex forming body 5), the second guide cylinder part 72 is arranged with a space therebetween from one cylinder end 72A of the second guide cylinder part 72 and one cylinder end 71A of the first guide cylinder part 71, and is arranged between the respective cylinder ends 71A, 71B of the first guide cylinder part 71.

[0055] The first guide flat plate 73 is formed into an annular shape (annular flat plate) having a plate thickness, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 and FIGS. 17 to 19. The first guide flat plate 73 has a plate front surface 73A (plate front plane) and a plate back surface 73B (plate back plane) in the plate thickness direction.

[0056] The first guide flat plate 73 is arranged concentrically with the first and second guide cylinder parts 71, 72 and inside the first guide cylinder part 71, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 and FIGS. 17 to 19. The first guide flat plate 73 is arranged between the inner peripheral surface 71b of the first guide cylinder part 71 and the outer peripheral surface 72a of the second guide cylinder member 72 with the plate back surface 73A facing one cylinder end 71A of the first guide cylinder part 71.

[0057] In the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder part 71, the first guide flat plate 73 is arranged with a space therebetween from the plate front surface 73A and one cylinder end 71A of the first guide cylinder part 71, and is arranged between the respective cylinder ends 71A, 71B of the first guide cylinder part 71. The first guide flat plate 73 is arranged between the first guide cylinder part 71 and the second guide cylinder part 72 with the plate front surface 73A flush with one cylinder end 72A of the second guide cylinder member 72. The first guide flat plate 73 closes the space between the inner peripheral surface 71b of the first guide cylinder part 71 and the outer peripheral surface 72a of the second guide cylinder part 72 in the radial direction of the first and second guide cylinder parts 71, 72 and is fixed to the first and second guide cylinder parts 71, 72.

[0058] The second guide plate 74 is a guide plate (guide flat plate), and as shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, it is formed on a circular flat plate (circular flat plate) having a plate thickness. The second guide plate 74 has the same outer radius as the inner radius rb of the second guide cylindrical portion 72. The second guide plate 74 has a plate front surface 74A (plate front flat surface) and a plate back surface 74B (plate back flat surface) in the plate thickness direction.

[0059] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, the second guide plate 74 is arranged concentrically with the second guide cylindrical portion 72 (the first guide cylindrical portion 71) and is arranged inside the second guide cylindrical member 72. The second guide plate 74 is arranged inside the second guide cylindrical member 72 with the plate front surface 74A facing one cylindrical end 71A of the first guide member 71 and one cylindrical end 72A of the second guide cylindrical portion 72. The second guide plate 74 is arranged on the other cylindrical end 72B side of the second guide cylindrical portion 72 with a space between one cylindrical end 72A of the second guide cylindrical portion 72 and the plate front surface 74A in the direction I of the cylindrical center line i of the second guide cylindrical member 72. The second guide plate 74 closes the other cylindrical end 72B of the second guide cylindrical portion 72 and is fixed to the second guide cylindrical portion 72.

[0060] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, the guide plate (the second guide flat plate 74) is arranged inside the guide cylindrical portion with the plate front surface (the plate back surface 74A of the second guide flat plate 74) facing one cylindrical end 72A of the guide cylindrical portion (the second guide cylindrical portion 72). The guide plate is arranged on the other cylindrical end 72B side of the guide cylindrical portion with a space between one cylindrical end of the guide cylindrical portion and both plate surfaces (the plate front surface 74A) of the guide plate in the direction I of the cylindrical center line i of the guide cylindrical portion (the second guide cylindrical portion 72). The guide plate (the second guide flat plate 74) closes one cylindrical end 72B of the guide cylindrical portion (the second guide cylindrical portion) and is fixed to the guide cylindrical portion.

[0061] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 and FIGS. 17 to 19, the flange portion 75 is formed on an annular flat plate having a plate thickness (ring flat plate). The flange portion 75 has a plate front surface 75A (plate front flat surface) and a plate back surface 74B (plate back flat surface) in the plate thickness direction.

[0062] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 and FIGS. 17 to 19, the flange portion 75 is arranged concentrically with the first guide cylinder portion 71. The flange portion 75 is externally fitted to the first guide cylinder portion 71 (outer peripheral surface 71a) with the plate surface 75A facing one cylinder end 71A of the first guide cylinder portion 71. The flange portion 75 is arranged on the other cylinder end 71B side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder portion 71. The flange portion 75 is fixed to the first guide cylinder portion 71 by arranging the plate back surface 75B flush with the other cylinder end 71B (cylinder end surface) of the first guide cylinder portion 71. The flange portion 75 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface 71a of the first guide cylinder portion 71 in the radial direction of the first guide cylinder portion 71 and is integrally formed with the first guide cylinder portion 71.

[0063] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 and FIGS. 17 to 19, the central shaft portion 76 is formed into a columnar shape (cylindrical body) having an outer peripheral radius smaller than the inner peripheral radius rb of the second guide cylinder portion 72. The central shaft portion 76 is arranged concentrically with the second guide cylinder portion 72 (the first guide cylinder portion 71) inside the second guide cylinder portion 72 (inside the first guide cylinder portion 71). As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the central shaft portion 76 is arranged on the second guide flat plate 74 with an annular interval between the outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76 and the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72 in the radial direction of the second guide cylinder portion 72. The central shaft portion 76 is fixed to the second guide flat plate 74. The central shaft portion 76 is arranged with the shaft center line I of the central shaft portion 76 positioned (coinciding) with the plate center line i of the second guide flat plate 74 (the cylinder center line a of the second guide cylinder portion 72).

[0064] As shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, the central shaft portion 76 extends into the second guide cylinder portion 72 from the plate back surface 74B of the second guide flat plate 74 toward one cylinder end 72A of the second guide cylinder portion 72 in the direction I of the plate center line i of the second guide flat plate 74 (the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder portion 71). The central shaft portion 76 protrudes from the other cylinder end 71B of the first guide cylinder portion 71 in the direction I of the plate center line i (the cylinder center line i of the vortex forming body 5) of the second guide flat plate 74.

[0065] Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 (the first liquid introduction cylinder part 77, the second liquid introduction cylinder part 78) is formed into a cylindrical shape (cylindrical body) having an outer peripheral radius smaller than the inner peripheral radius rb of the second guide cylinder part 72, as shown in FIGS. 13, 15, and 17 to 19. Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is disposed within the second guide cylinder part 72. The liquid introduction cylinder part 77 has respective cylinder ends 77A, 77B (each cylinder end face) in the direction of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder part 77. The liquid introduction cylinder part 78 has respective cylinder ends 78A, 78B (each cylinder end face) in the direction of the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder part 78.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 15, each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is disposed on a circle CA with a diameter Da located between the central shaft part 76 (outer peripheral surface 76a) and the second guide cylinder part 72 (inner peripheral surface 72b) about the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder part 71 (the second guide cylinder part 72 / central shaft part 76). As shown in FIG. 19, each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is disposed adjacent to the central shaft part 76 with the cylinder center lines m, n of each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 located (coinciding) on the circle CA. Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is disposed at an angle of 180 degrees apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the first guide cylinder part 71 (central shaft part 76). Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is disposed with a space of diameter Da between the cylinder center lines m, n of each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78. Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is disposed with the cylinder center lines m, n parallel to the cylinder center line i (the axial center line i of the central shaft part 76) of the second guide cylinder part 72.

[0067] Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is integrally formed with the central shaft part 76. Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 is fixed to the second guide plate 74 by abutting one cylinder end 77A, 78A of each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 against the back surface 74B of the second guide plate 74.

[0068] As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 extends into the first guide cylinder part 71 from the back surface 74B of the second guide plate 74 toward the other cylinder end 71B of the first guide cylinder part 71 in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder part 71 (vortex forming body). Each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 protrudes from the other cylinder end 71B of the first guide cylinder part 71 in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the first guide cylinder part 71 (vortex forming body 5).

[0069] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, the liquid introduction hole 79 (first liquid introduction passage) is disposed on the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate). The liquid introduction hole 79 is formed as a circular hole. The liquid introduction hole 79 (first liquid introduction hole / first liquid introduction passage) is disposed concentrically with the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77 and is formed in the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77 and the second guide plate 74. The liquid introduction hole 79 extends from the other cylinder end 77B of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77 to the second guide plate 74 in the direction of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77 and opens at the other cylinder end 77B of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77. The hole end on the second guide plate 74 side of the liquid introduction hole 79 is closed by the second guide plate 74. The second guide plate 74 closes the hole end of the liquid introduction hole 79 on the second guide plate 74 side. The liquid introduction hole 79 is disposed parallel to the axis center line I (cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder portion 72) of the central shaft portion 76 with the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 as the central axis. Liquid flows into the liquid introduction hole 79 (first liquid introduction hole).

[0070] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 19, the liquid introduction hole 80 (second liquid introduction passage) is disposed on the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate). The liquid introduction hole 80 is formed as a circular hole. The liquid introduction hole 80 (second liquid introduction hole / second liquid introduction passage) is disposed concentrically with the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78 and is formed in the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78 and the second guide plate 74. The liquid introduction hole 80 extends from the other cylinder end 78B of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78 to the second guide plate 74 in the direction of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78 and opens at the other cylinder end 78B of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78. The hole end on the second guide plate 74 side of the liquid introduction hole 80 is closed by the second guide plate 74. The second guide plate 74 closes the hole end of the liquid introduction hole 80 on the second guide plate 74 side. The liquid introduction hole 80 is disposed parallel to the axis center line I (cylinder center line a of the second guide cylinder portion 72) of the central shaft portion 76 and the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 with the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 as the central axis. Liquid flows into the liquid introduction hole 80 (second liquid introduction hole).

[0071] The liquid introduction hole 80 is disposed at an interval of diameter Da between the hole center lines s and t of the liquid introduction holes 79 and 80. The liquid introduction hole 80 is disposed at an angle of 180 degrees from the liquid introduction hole 79 in the circumferential direction of the second guide cylinder portion 72.

[0072] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 and FIG. 18, the vortex forming groove 81 (first vortex forming flow path) is disposed on the guide plate (second guide flat plate 74). The vortex forming groove 81 (first vortex forming groove) is formed in the second guide plate 74 (guide plate) within the second guide cylindrical portion 72. The vortex forming groove 81 is formed, for example, by recessing a part of the guide plate (second guide flat plate 74) toward the other cylindrical end 72B side of the guide cylindrical portion (second guide cylindrical portion 72) in the direction I of the cylindrical center line i of the guide cylindrical portion (second guide cylindrical portion 72). As shown in FIG. 20, the vortex forming groove 81 is formed on one side (upper half side of the second guide plate 74) of the second guide plate 74 with the reference straight line LA passing through the axial center line I of the central shaft portion 76 and orthogonal to the axial center line I of the central shaft portion 76 and the hole center lines s, t of the respective liquid introduction holes 79, 80 (cylindrical center lines m, n of the respective liquid introduction cylindrical portions 77, 78) as a boundary.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 16, when the center point p on the reference straight line LA that is spaced from the axial center line I of the central shaft portion 76 by a center interval δY (center distance) toward the liquid introduction hole 79 side (liquid introduction cylindrical portion 77 side), and the distance between the center point p and the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 is defined as the groove radius ry, the vortex forming groove 81 has a semi-circular groove outer peripheral surface 81a with the groove radius ry centered on the center point p. The vortex forming groove 81 is formed between the respective liquid introduction holes 79, 80 (respective liquid introduction cylindrical portions 77, 78) on one side of the second guide plate 74.

[0074] As shown in FIGS. 12, 14, and 16, the vortex forming groove 81 is formed with a groove width H between the groove outer peripheral surface 81a and the outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76 (the outer peripheral surface 76a on one side of the central shaft portion 76 with the reference straight line LA as a boundary), and is opened to the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate 74. The outer peripheral surface 76a on one side of the central shaft portion 76 (the upper half outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76) with the reference straight line LA as a boundary becomes the groove inner peripheral surface 81b of the vortex forming groove 81. The groove width H of the vortex forming groove 81 is formed while gradually narrowing the width (while gradually reducing the width) from the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 toward the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80.

[0075] The groove width H of the vortex forming groove 81 is the maximum groove width HW (maximum width) at the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77), and the minimum groove width HN (minimum width) at the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the position of the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78).

[0076] The position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 is the position of the reference line LA between the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78) and the central shaft portion 76 (the outer peripheral surface 76a), or the position between the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78) intersecting the reference straight line LA and the outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76 (the same applies hereinafter).

[0077] As shown in FIGS. 12, 13, 18, and 19, the vortex forming groove 81 is formed with a groove depth W from the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate 74 in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder portion 72 (vortex forming body 5), and forms a groove bottom surface 81c with a groove width H in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder portion 72. As shown in FIGS. 16, 17, and 22, the groove depth W of the vortex forming groove 81 is formed to gradually become shallower from the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 toward the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80, and becomes zero in depth (W = 0) at the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80. The groove depth of the vortex forming groove 81 is the maximum groove depth WM at the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77), and the minimum groove depth WN (WN = 0) at the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the position of the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78).

[0078] The groove bottom surface 81c of the vortex forming groove 81 is inclined while gradually shallowing in depth from the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77) toward the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the position of the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78), and is continuous with the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate at the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the position of the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78). The vortex forming groove 81 is formed, for example, on one side of the second guide plate 74 with the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate 74 adjacent to the central shaft portion 76 being recessed.

[0079] As shown in FIGS. 12, 14, and 16, the vortex forming groove 81 (first vortex forming flow path) communicates with the liquid introduction hole 79 (first liquid introduction flow path). The vortex forming groove 81 (second vortex forming groove) communicates with the liquid introduction hole 79 at the positions of the maximum groove width HW and the maximum depth WM. The liquid introduction hole 79 opens into the vortex forming groove 81 toward the groove outer peripheral surface 81a at the positions of the maximum groove width HW and the maximum depth WM, and communicates with the vortex forming groove 81.

[0080] As shown in FIGS. 12 to 17, the vortex forming groove 82 (second vortex forming flow path) is disposed on the guide plate (second guide flat plate 74). The vortex forming groove 82 is formed in the second guide plate 74 within the second guide cylindrical portion 72. The vortex forming groove 82 is formed, for example, by recessing a part of the guide plate (second guide flat plate 74) toward the other cylindrical end 72B side of the guide cylindrical portion (second guide cylindrical portion 72) in the direction I of the cylindrical center line i of the guide cylindrical portion (second guide cylindrical portion 72). As shown in FIG. 20, the vortex forming groove 82 is formed on the other side (lower half side of the second guide plate 74) of the second guide plate 74 with respect to the reference straight line LA.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 16, if the center point q on the reference straight line LA that is spaced apart from the axis center line I of the central shaft portion 76 by the center interval δY (center distance) toward the liquid introduction hole 80 side (liquid introduction cylindrical portion 78 side) is used as the center, the vortex forming groove 82 has a semi-circular groove outer peripheral surface 82a with a groove radius ry (the same groove radius as the vortex forming groove 81). The vortex forming groove 82 is formed between the respective liquid introduction holes 79, 80 (respective liquid introduction cylindrical portions 77, 78) on the other side of the second guide plate 74.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 16, the vortex forming groove 82 is formed with a groove width H (the same groove width as the liquid introduction groove 81) between the groove outer peripheral surface 82a and the outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76 (the outer peripheral surface 76a on the other side of the central shaft portion 76 with respect to the reference straight line LA), and opens to the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate 74. The outer peripheral surface 76a on the other side of the central shaft portion 76 with respect to the reference straight line LA (the lower half outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76) becomes the groove inner peripheral surface 82b of the vortex forming groove 82. The groove width H of the vortex forming groove 82 is formed while gradually narrowing (while gradually reducing the width) from the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 toward the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79.

[0083] The groove width H of the vortex forming groove 82 is the same maximum groove width HW (maximum width) as that of the vortex forming groove 81 on the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78), and the same minimum groove width HN (minimum width) as that of the vortex forming groove 81 at the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the position of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77).

[0084] The position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 is the position of the reference line LA between the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77) and the central shaft portion 76 (the outer peripheral surface 76a), or the position between the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77) that intersects the reference straight line LA and the outer peripheral surface 76a of the central shaft portion 76 (the same applies hereinafter).

[0085] As shown in FIGS. 12, 13, 17, and 18, the vortex forming groove 82 is formed with a groove depth W (the same groove depth as that of the vortex forming groove 81) from the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate 74 in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder portion 72 (vortex forming body 5), and forms a groove bottom surface 82c with a groove width H in the direction I of the cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder portion 72. The groove depth W of the vortex forming groove 82 is formed to gradually become shallower from the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 toward the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79, and becomes a depth of zero (W = 0) at the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79. The groove depth of the vortex forming groove 82 is the same maximum groove depth WM as that of the vortex forming groove 81 on the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78), and the same minimum groove depth WN (WN = 0) as that of the vortex forming groove 81 at the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the position of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77).

[0086] The groove bottom surface 82c of the vortex forming groove 82 is inclined while gradually shallowing the depth from the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 (the cylinder center line n of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 78) toward the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the position of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77), and is continuous with the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate at the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 (the position of the cylinder center line m of the liquid introduction cylinder portion 77). The vortex forming groove 82 is formed, for example, on the other side of the second guide plate 74 where the plate surface 74A of the second guide plate 74 adjacent to the central shaft portion 76 is recessed.

[0087] As shown in FIGS. 13, 14, and 16, the vortex forming groove 82 communicates with the liquid introduction hole 80 (second liquid introduction flow path). The vortex forming groove 82 communicates with the liquid introduction hole 80 at the position of the maximum groove width HW and the maximum depth WM. The liquid introduction hole 80 opens toward the groove outer peripheral surface 82a into the vortex forming groove 82 and communicates with the vortex forming groove 82 at the position of the maximum groove width HW and the maximum depth WM.

[0088] As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the vortex forming body 5 forms (compartments) a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 in the inflow space λ (inside the cylinder body 2) between it and the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1). The vortex forming body 5 is arranged with a space between it and the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1) to form a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (gas-liquid mixing chamber) in the inflow space λ. The vortex forming body 5 is arranged in the cylinder body 2 (inflow space λ) with a space between the vortex forming body 5 (second guide flat plate 74) and the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2.

[0089] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the vortex forming body 5 (first and second guide cylinder parts 71, 72) is arranged concentrically with the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1) on the cylinder body 2 (the other cylinder end 2B side of the cylinder body 2 / the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder body 2).

[0090] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the vortex forming body 5 forms a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and the first and second guide flat plates 73, 74 with one cylinder end 71A (each vortex forming groove 81, 82) of the first guide cylinder part 71 and one cylinder end 72A of the second guide cylinder part 72 (guide cylinder part) facing the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B), and is arranged on the cylinder body 2 (the other cylinder end 2B side of the cylinder body 2 / the other cylinder end 2B). The vortex forming body 5 forms a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 in the inflow space λ (between the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 and the guide plate) with one cylinder end 72A of the guide cylinder part (second guide cylinder part 72) facing the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and with a space between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and the guide plate (second guide flat plate 74).

[0091] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the vortex generator 5 is inserted into the cylinder 2 (inflow space λ) from the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder 2 to the one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71, and is disposed on the cylinder 2 (the other cylinder end 2B side of the cylinder 2). One cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 is inserted into the cylinder 2 with the outer peripheral surface 71a of the first guide cylinder portion 71 in close contact with the inner peripheral surface 2a of the cylinder 2.

[0092] In the vortex generator 5, as shown in FIG. 4, when the first guide flat plate 73 and the second guide plate 74 (guide plate) insert one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 into the cylinder 2, a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is formed (partitioned) in the inflow space λ between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B). In the vortex generator 5, when one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 is inserted into the cylinder 2, the second guide cylinder portion 72 is disposed inside the cylinder 2, and each vortex forming groove 81, 82 is disposed at an interval from the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and is disposed opposite to the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4). In the vortex generator 5, when one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 is inserted into the cylinder 2, each liquid introduction hole 79, 80 (first and second liquid introduction flow paths) communicates with the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (cylindrical inner space ε3 and spherical crown space ε2). Each vortex forming groove 81, 82 (first and second vortex forming flow paths) is opened to the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 when one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 is inserted into the cylinder 2, and communicates with the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is composed of a cylindrical inner space ε3 (hereinafter referred to as "cylindrical inner space ε3") between one cylinder end 2A of the cylinder 2 and the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder 2 (cylinder body 1) and a spherical crown space ε2 continuous with the cylindrical inner space ε3.

[0093] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, in the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), in the plate thickness direction AT of the nozzle plate 3, they penetrate the nozzle plate 3 and open to the outer peripheral surface 3A and the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3, and communicate with the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (spherical crown space ε2).

[0094] In the vortex generator 5, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 is inserted into the cylinder body 2, each liquid introduction cylinder portion 77, 78 is disposed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. In the vortex generator 5, when one cylinder end 71A side of the first guide cylinder portion 71 is inserted into the cylinder body 2, each liquid introduction hole 79, 80 opens (communicates) from the other cylinder ends 77B, 78B of the respective liquid introduction cylinder portions 77, 78 into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Each liquid introduction hole 79, 80 (the first and second liquid introduction flow paths) communicates with each vortex formation groove 81, 82 (gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2).

[0095] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the vortex generator 5 is fixed to the cylinder body 2 by bringing the plate surface 75A of the flange portion 75 into contact with the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder body 2.

[0096] One or a plurality of first floating bodies 6 (first moving bodies) are formed in a shape larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection hole 4) and are disposed (accommodated) movably in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. One or a plurality of first floating bodies 6 (first floating members / first moving members) are formed in a shape larger than the minimum groove width HN of each vortex formation groove 81, 82 and are disposed (accommodated) movably in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0097] One or a plurality of second floating bodies 7 (second moving bodies) are formed in a shape larger than that of the first floating body 6. One or a plurality of second floating bodies 7 are formed in a shape larger than the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection hole 4) and are disposed (accommodated) movably in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. One or a plurality of second floating bodies 7 (second floating members / second moving members) are formed in a shape larger than the minimum groove width HN of each vortex formation groove 81, 82 and are disposed (accommodated) movably in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0098] One or a plurality of first floating bodies 6 are composed of spheres having a sphere diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection hole 4). One or a plurality of first floating bodies 6 are composed of spheres having a sphere diameter larger than the minimum groove width HN of each vortex formation groove 81, 82. One or a plurality of first floating bodies 6 are formed of spheres of the same shape (formed into spheres of the same shape).

[0099] One or more second floating bodies 2 are formed of spheres having a sphere diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) and larger than the sphere diameter of the sphere of the first floating body 6. One or more second floating bodies 7 are formed of spheres having a sphere diameter larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex forming grooves 81 and 82.

[0100] The spheres of one or more first floating bodies 6 are composed of a first sphere 9 or a second sphere 10. The spheres of one or more second floating bodies 7 are composed of a second sphere 10 and a third sphere 11. Each sphere (first to third spheres 9 to 11) is made of, for example, the same material, which is ceramics, synthetic resin, metal (such as an aluminum alloy).

[0101] As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the first sphere 9 (first ball) has a sphere diameter Dp larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4). The first sphere 9 is formed as a sphere larger than the first to fourth 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4).

[0102] As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the first sphere 9 is formed as a sphere larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex forming grooves 81 and 82. The first sphere 9 has a sphere diameter Dp larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex forming grooves 81 and 82.

[0103] The first sphere 9 is (1) a sphere 9X (see FIG. 20), (2) a sphere 9Y having a recess 83 opened on the sphere surface (see FIG. 21), (3) a sphere 9Z having a through hole 84 that penetrates the sphere and is opened on the sphere surface (see FIG. 22), and is composed of any one of the spheres. Each of the spheres 9X, 9Y, 9Z (first sphere) is formed as a sphere having the same sphere diameter Dp.

[0104] As shown in FIG. 20, the sphere 9X (first sphere) is a sphere (a sphere having no holes and recesses) in which the entire sphere surface is a spherical surface 9a.

[0105] As shown in Fig. 21, the sphere 9Y (the first sphere) has one or a plurality of concave portions 83 (the first concave portions) that open to the spherical surface 9a (spherical surface) of the sphere 9Y. Each concave portion 83 is formed, for example, as a circular concave hole (circular concave hole) having a diameter Dr smaller than the spherical diameter Dq of the sphere 9Y. Each concave portion 83 (the first concave hole) opens circularly to the spherical surface 9a (spherical surface) of the sphere 9Y. Each concave portion 83 has a concave depth Hq (hole depth) shorter (shallower) than the spherical radius rq of the sphere 9Y from the spherical surface 9a of the sphere 9Y toward the spherical center u, and is formed on the sphere.

[0106] The sphere 9Y has, for example, a pair (two) of concave portions 83 (concave holes). As shown in Fig. 21, the pair of concave portions 83, 83 are arranged with an acute angle (for example, an angle of 90 degrees) between the center lines w (hole center lines) of the respective concave portions 83, 83 around the spherical center u of the sphere 9Y. Each of the concave portions 83, 83 is formed with a concave depth Hq from the spherical surface 9a of the sphere 9Y toward the spherical center u and opens to the spherical surface 9a of the sphere 9Y.

[0107] As shown in Fig. 22, the sphere 9Z (the first sphere) has a plurality of through holes 84 (the first through holes) that penetrate the sphere 9Z and open to the spherical surface 9a (spherical surface) of the sphere 9Z. Each through hole 84 is formed, for example, as a circular hole (circular hole) having a diameter Ds smaller than the spherical diameter Dq of the sphere 9Z. Each through hole 84 (the first through hole) penetrates the sphere 9Z and opens to the spherical surface 9a (spherical surface) of the sphere 9Z.

[0108] As shown in Fig. 22, the sphere 9Z has, for example, a pair (two) of through holes 84, 84. The pair of through holes 84, 84 are arranged with an acute angle (for example, an angle of 90 degrees) between the hole center lines v of the respective through holes 84, 84 around the spherical center u of the sphere 9Z. The pair of through holes 84, 84 passes through the spherical center a of the sphere 9Z, penetrates the sphere 9Z, and opens to the spherical surface 9a (spherical surface) of the sphere 9Z.

[0109] As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the second sphere 10 (second ball) has a ball diameter Dw that is larger than the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) and larger than the ball diameter Dp of the first sphere 9 (each sphere 9X, 9Y, 9Z). The second sphere 10 has a ball diameter Dw that is larger than the first to fourth A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4). The second sphere 10 is formed as a sphere that is larger than the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) and larger than the first sphere 9 (each sphere 9X, 9Y, 9Z).

[0110] As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the second sphere 10 is formed as a sphere that is larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex formation grooves 81 and 82. The second sphere 10 has a ball diameter Dp that is larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex formation grooves 81 and 82.

[0111] The second sphere 10 is (1) a sphere 10X (see FIG. 23), (2) a sphere 10Y (see FIG. 24) having a recess 85 opened on the spherical surface, (3) a sphere 10Z (see FIG. 25) having a through hole 86 that penetrates the sphere and is opened on the spherical surface, and is composed of any one of the spheres. Each of the spheres 10X, 10, 11Z (second sphere 10) is formed as a sphere having the same ball diameter Dw.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 23, the sphere 10X (second sphere) is a sphere (a sphere having no holes and recesses) in which the entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 10a.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 24, the sphere 10Y (second sphere) has a plurality of recesses 85 (second recesses) opened on the spherical surface 10a (spherical surface) of the sphere 10Y. Each recess 85 is formed, for example, as a circular concave hole (circular concave hole) having a diameter Dv smaller than the ball diameter Dw of the sphere 10Y. Each recess 85 (second concave hole) is opened in a circular shape on the spherical surface 10a (spherical surface) of the sphere 10Y. Each recess 85 has a concave depth Hw (hole depth) that is shorter (shallower) than the ball radius rw of the sphere 10Y from the spherical surface 10a of the sphere 10Y toward the ball center σ and is formed in the sphere.

[0114] As shown in Fig. 24, the sphere 10Y has, for example, a pair (two) of recesses 85 (concave holes). The pair of recesses 85, 85 are arranged with an acute angle (for example, an angle of 90 degrees) between the center lines λ of the respective recesses 85, 85 (concave holes) centered on the sphere center σ of the sphere 10Y. Each recess 85, 85 is formed with a recess depth Hw from the spherical surface 10a of the sphere 10Y toward the sphere center σ, and is open to the spherical surface 10a of the sphere 10Y.

[0115] As shown in Fig. 25, the sphere 10Z (second sphere) has a plurality of through holes 86 (second through holes) that penetrate the sphere 10Z and are open to the spherical surface 10a (spherical surface) of the sphere 10Z. Each through hole 86 is formed, for example, as a circular hole (circular-shaped hole) having a diameter Dy smaller than the sphere diameter Dw of the sphere 10Z. Each through hole 86 (second through hole) penetrates the sphere 10Z and is open to the spherical surface 10a (spherical surface) of the sphere 10Z.

[0116] As shown in Fig. 25, the sphere 10Z has, for example, a pair (two) of through holes 86, 86. The pair of through holes 86, 86 are arranged with an acute angle (for example, an angle of 90 degrees) between the hole center lines φ of the respective through holes 86, 86 centered on the sphere center σ of the sphere 10Z. The pair of through holes 86, 86 pass through the sphere center σ of the sphere 10Z, penetrate the sphere 10Z, and are open to the spherical surface 5a (spherical surface) of the sphere 10Z.

[0117] As shown in Figs. 26 to 28, the third sphere 11 has a sphere diameter Dx larger than the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), and larger than the sphere diameter Dp of the first sphere 9 (each of the spheres 9X, 9Y, 9Z) and the sphere diameter Dw of the second sphere 10 (each of the spheres 10X, 10Y, 10Z). The third sphere 11 has a sphere diameter Dx larger than the first to fourth 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4). The third sphere 11 is formed as a sphere larger than the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), and larger than the first sphere 9 (each of the spheres 9X, 9Y, 9Z) and the second sphere 10 (each of the spheres 10X, 10Y, 11Z).

[0118] As shown in FIGS. 26 to 28, the third sphere 11 is formed as a sphere larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex formation grooves 81 and 82. The third sphere 11 has a sphere diameter Dx larger than the minimum groove width HN of each of the vortex formation grooves 81 and 82.

[0119] The third sphere 11 is (1) a sphere 11X (see FIG. 26), (2) a sphere 11Y (see FIG. 27) having recesses 87 opened on the spherical surface, (3) a sphere 11Z (see FIG. 28) having a through hole 88 that penetrates the sphere and is opened on the spherical surface, and is composed of any one of these spheres. Each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) is formed as a sphere having the same sphere diameter Dx.

[0120] As shown in FIG. 26, the sphere 11X (the third sphere) is a sphere (a sphere without holes and recesses) in which the entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 11a.

[0121] As shown in FIG. 27, the sphere 11Y has a plurality of recesses 87 (third recesses) opened on the spherical surface 11a of the sphere 11Y. Each recess 87 is formed, for example, as a circular recessed hole (circular concave hole) having a diameter Df smaller than the sphere diameter Dx of the sphere 11Y. Each recess 87 (third concave hole) is opened in a circular shape on the spherical surface 11a (spherical surface) of the sphere 11Y. Each recess 87 is formed in the sphere with a recess depth Hx (hole depth) shorter (shallower) than the sphere radius rx of the sphere 11Y from the spherical surface 6a of the sphere 11Y toward the sphere center ω.

[0122] As shown in FIG. 27, the sphere 11Y has, for example, a pair (two) of recesses 87, 87 (recessed holes), and the pair of recesses 87, 87 are arranged with an acute angle (for example, an angle of 90 degrees) between the center lines ψ of the respective recesses 87, 87 (recessed holes) centered on the sphere center ω of the sphere 11Y. Each recess 87, 87 is formed with a recess depth Hx from the spherical surface 11a of the sphere 11Y toward the sphere center ω and is opened on the spherical surface 11a of the sphere 11Y.

[0123] As shown in Fig. 28, the sphere 11Z has a plurality of through holes 88 (third through holes) that penetrate the sphere 11Z and open to the spherical surface 11a (spherical surface) of the sphere 11Z. Each through hole 88 is formed, for example, as a circular hole (circular-shaped hole) having a diameter Dz smaller than the spherical diameter Dx of the sphere 11Z. Each through hole 88 (third through hole) penetrates the sphere 11Z and opens to the spherical surface 11a (spherical surface) of the sphere 11Z.

[0124] As shown in Fig. 28, the sphere 11Z has, for example, a pair (two) of through holes 88, 88. The pair of through holes 88, 88 are arranged with an acute angle (for example, an angle of 90 degrees) between the hole center lines μ of the respective through holes 88, 88 around the spherical center ω of the sphere 11Z. The pair of through holes 88, 88 pass through the spherical center ω of the sphere 11Z, penetrate the sphere 11Z, and open to the spherical surface 6a (spherical surface) of the sphere 11Z.

[0125] One or more first rolling elements 6 are spheres having a spherical diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), and are constituted by any one of a sphere with the entire spherical surface being a spherical surface, a sphere having a concave portion opened on the spherical surface, or a sphere having a through hole that penetrates the sphere and opens to the spherical surface. One or more second rolling elements 7 are spheres having a spherical diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) and larger than the spherical diameter of the first rolling element 6, and are constituted by any one of a sphere with the entire spherical surface being a spherical surface, a sphere having a concave portion opened on the spherical surface, or a sphere having a through hole that penetrates the sphere and opens to the spherical surface.

[0126] The first and second rolling elements 6 and 7 are constituted by any one of the first to fourth aspects.

[0127] <First Aspect> In the first aspect, the first rolling element 6 is constituted by the first sphere 9. The first sphere 9 of the first rolling element 6 is, as shown in Figs. 20 to 22, any one of a sphere 9X with the entire spherical surface being a spherical surface 9A, a sphere 9Y having a concave portion 83 opened on the spherical surface 9a, or a sphere 9Z having a through hole 84 that penetrates the sphere 9Z and opens to the spherical surface 9a.

[0128] In the first aspect, the second floating body 7 is composed of a second spherical body 10 having a spherical diameter larger than that of the first spherical body 9 of the first floating body 6. As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the second spherical body 10 of the second floating body 7 is a spherical body 10X whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 10a, or a spherical body 10Y having a recess 85 opened in the spherical surface 10a, or a spherical body 10Z having a through hole 86 opened in the spherical surface 10a and penetrating the spherical body 10Z, and is composed of any one of the spherical bodies.

[0129] In the first aspect, the first and second floating bodies 6 and 7 are arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) so as to be freely movable (movable) with one or more first spherical bodies 9 (each spherical body 9X, 9Y, 9Z) and one or more second spherical bodies 10 (each spherical body 10X, 10Y, 10Z).

[0130] <Second Aspect> In the second aspect, the first floating body 6 is composed of a second spherical body 10. As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the second spherical body 10 of the first floating body 6 is a spherical body 10X whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 10a, or a spherical body 10Y having a recess 85 opened in the spherical surface 10a, or a spherical body 10Z having a through hole 86 opened in the spherical surface 10a and penetrating the spherical body 10Z, and is composed of any one of the spherical bodies.

[0131] In the second aspect, the second floating body 7 is composed of a third spherical body 11 having a spherical diameter larger than that of the second spherical body 10 of the first floating body 6. As shown in FIGS. 26 to 28, the third spherical body 11 of the second floating body 7 is a spherical body 11X whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 11a, or a spherical body 11Y having a recess 87 opened in the spherical surface 11a, or a spherical body 11Z having a through hole 88 opened in the spherical surface 11a and penetrating the spherical body 11Z, and is composed of any one of the spherical bodies.

[0132] In the second aspect, the first and second floating bodies 6 and 7 are movably disposed (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylindrical space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) with one or more second spheres 10 (each sphere 10X, 10Y, 10Z) and one or more third spheres 11 (each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z).

[0133] <Third Aspect> In the third aspect, the first floating body 6 is composed of a first sphere 9. The first sphere 9 of the first floating body 6 is, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, a sphere 9X having a spherical surface 9a over the entire spherical surface, or a sphere 9Y having a recess 83 opened in the spherical surface 9a, or a sphere 9Z having a through hole 84 opened in the spherical surface 9a through the sphere 9Z, and is composed of any one of the spheres.

[0134] In the third aspect, the second floating body 7 is composed of a third sphere 11 having a larger spherical diameter than the first sphere 9 of the first floating body 6. The third sphere 11 of the second floating body 7 is, as shown in FIGS. 26 to 28, a sphere 11X having a spherical surface 11a over the entire spherical surface, or a sphere 11Y having a recess 87 opened in the spherical surface 11a, or a sphere 11Z having a through hole 88 opened in the spherical surface 11a through the sphere 11Z, and is composed of any one of the spheres.

[0135] In the third aspect, the first and second floating bodies 6 and 7 are movably disposed (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylindrical space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) with one or more first spheres 9 (each sphere 9X, 9Y, 9Z) and one or more third spheres 11 (each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z).

[0136] <Fourth Aspect> In the fourth aspect, the first floating body 6 is composed of a first sphere 9. The first sphere 9 of the first floating body 6 is, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, a sphere 9X having a spherical surface 9a over the entire spherical surface, or a sphere 9Y having a recess 83 opened in the spherical surface 9a, or a sphere 9Z having a through hole 84 opened in the spherical surface 9a through the sphere 9Z, and is composed of any one of the spheres.

[0137] In the fourth aspect, the second floating body 7 is composed of a second sphere 10 or a third sphere 11 having a sphere diameter larger than that of the first sphere 9 of the first floating body 6. As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the second sphere 10 of the second floating body 7 is a sphere 10X whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 10a, or a sphere 10Y having a recess 85 opened in the spherical surface 10a, or a sphere 10Z having a through hole 86 opened in the spherical surface 10a through the sphere 10Z, and is composed of any one of the spheres. As shown in FIGS. 26 to 28, the third sphere 11 of the second floating body 7 is a sphere 11X whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 11a, or a sphere 11Y having a recess 87 opened in the spherical surface 11a, or a sphere 11Z having a through hole 88 opened in the spherical surface 11a through the sphere 11Z, and is composed of any one of the spheres.

[0138] In the fourth aspect, the first and second floating bodies 6 and 7 are arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylinder space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2) so as to be freely movable (movable) with one or more first spheres 9 (each sphere 9X, 9Y, 9Z), one or more second spheres 10 (each sphere 10X, 10Y, 10Z), and one or more third spheres 11 (each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z).

[0139] The first and second floating bodies 6 and 7 (each sphere) are floated (moved) between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and the vortex forming body 5 [the first guide flat plate 73 and the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate)] in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The first and second floating bodies 6 and 7 are floated in the inner cylinder space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2 (gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2). In the first and second floating bodies 6 and 7, the first sphere 9 (each sphere 9X, 9Y, 9Z), the second sphere 10 (each sphere 10X, 10Y, 10Z), and the third sphere 11 (each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z) arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 are floated (moved) between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and the vortex forming body 5 [the first guide flat plate 73 and the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate)] by the liquid flowing through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0140] As shown in Fig. 4, for example, the first floating body 6 arranges (accommodates) a plurality of first spheres 9 (spheres 9X) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder and the spherical crown space ε2) so as to be freely movable (mobile). As shown in Fig. 4, the second floating body 7 arranges (accommodates) a plurality of second spheres (spheres 10Y) and a plurality of third spheres 11 (spheres 11Z) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder and the spherical crown space ε2) so as to be freely movable (mobile). As shown in Fig. 4, a plurality of spheres 9X (first spheres 9), a plurality of spheres 10Y (second spheres 10), and a plurality of spheres 11Z (third spheres 11) are arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0141] In Figs. 1 to 6, the bubble liquid injection nozzle X is connected to a liquid supply source (not shown), and liquid (for example, water, warm water) from the liquid supply source flows into the vortex forming body 5 (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80). The bubble liquid injection nozzle X connects each liquid introduction cylinder part 77, 78 (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80) to the liquid supply source, and the liquid from the liquid supply source flows into each liquid introduction hole 79, 80. The bubble liquid injection nozzle X allows the liquid to flow from the vortex forming body 5 (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80) into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inflow space λ / inside the cylinder 2).

[0142] As shown in Figs. 3 to 5, the liquid flowing into each liquid introduction hole 79, 80 (the first and second liquid introduction flow paths) flows through each liquid introduction hole 79, 80 and into each vortex forming groove 81, 82 (the first and second vortex forming flow paths) of the vortex forming body 5, and then flows out from each vortex forming groove 81, 82 into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inflow space λ). Each liquid introduction hole 78, 79 allows the liquid from the liquid supply source to flow out into each vortex forming groove 81, 82.

[0143] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the liquid flowing out from each vortex forming groove 81, 82 into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 fills the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder and the spherical crown space ε2) while increasing (rising) the water level in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder 2 (the cylinder main body 1) from the second guide flat plate 74 (the guide plate) toward the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B).

[0144] As shown in Fig. 5, when the swirling groove 81 (the first swirling flow path) is submerged in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 as the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the in-cylinder space ε3) increases (rises), the liquid flowing out from each liquid introduction hole 79 flows between the outer peripheral surface 81a and the inner peripheral surface 81b of the groove along the outer peripheral surface 81a and the inner peripheral surface 81b of the groove.

[0145] As shown in Fig. 5, the liquid flowing into the swirling groove 81 (the first swirling flow path) from the liquid introduction hole 79 (the first liquid introduction flow path) flows between the outer peripheral surface 81a and the inner peripheral surface 81b of the swirling groove 81 along the outer peripheral surface 81a and the inner peripheral surface 81b of the swirling groove 81 from the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 toward the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 on one side (the upper half side of the second guide flat plate 74) of the second guide flat plate 74.

[0146] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the liquid flowing between the outer peripheral surface 81a and the inner peripheral surface 81b of the swirling groove 81 flows out (ejects) from the swirling groove 81 into the inside of the second guide cylinder portion 72 (inside the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2) between one cylinder end 72A and the second guide flat surface 74 toward the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72 at the position of the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 and flows along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72.

[0147] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the swirling groove 81 ejects the liquid flowing in from the liquid introduction hole 79 toward the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72 and flows the liquid out (ejects) into the inside of the second guide cylinder portion 72 (inside the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2) and along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72. The first swirling flow path (the first swirling groove 81) ejects the liquid flowing in from the first liquid introduction flow path (the liquid introduction hole 79) toward the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder portion (the second guide cylinder portion 72) and flows the liquid out (ejects) into the inside of the guide cylinder portion (inside the second guide cylinder portion 72) and along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder portion (the second guide cylinder portion 72).

[0148] As shown in Fig. 5, when the swirling groove 82 (second swirling flow path) is submerged in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 as the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (cylindrical inner space ε3) increases (rises), the liquid flowing out from each liquid introduction hole 80 flows between the outer peripheral surface 82a and the inner peripheral surface 82b of the groove along the outer peripheral surface 82a and the inner peripheral surface 82b of the groove.

[0149] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the liquid flowing into the swirling groove 82 (second swirling flow path) from the liquid introduction hole 80 (second liquid introduction flow path) flows between the outer peripheral surface 82a and the inner peripheral surface 82b of the swirling groove 82 (first swirling flow path) along the outer peripheral surface 82a and the inner peripheral surface 82b of the groove from the hole center line t of the liquid introduction hole 80 toward the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 on the other side (lower half side of the second guide flat plate 74) of the second guide flat plate 74.

[0150] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the liquid flowing between the outer peripheral surface 82a and the inner peripheral surface 82b of the swirling groove 82 flows out (ejects) into the second guide cylinder part 72 (inside the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2) between one cylinder end 72A and the second guide flat surface 74 toward the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder part 72 at the position of the hole center line s of the liquid introduction hole 79 and flows along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder part 72.

[0151] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the swirling groove 82 ejects the liquid flowing in from the liquid introduction hole 80 into the second guide cylinder part 72 (inside the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2) toward the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder part 72 and makes the liquid flow along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder part 72. The second swirling flow path (second swirling groove 81) ejects the liquid flowing in from the second liquid introduction flow path (liquid introduction hole 80) into the second guide cylinder part (inside the second guide cylinder part 72) toward the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part and makes the liquid flow along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part (inside the second guide cylinder part 72).

[0152] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the liquid flowing out from the respective vortex forming grooves 81 and 82 into the second guide cylinder portion 72 swirls in the same direction along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72 around the cylinder center line a (the cylinder center line i of the second guide cylinder portion 72, the central shaft portion 76) of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1), and flows from the second guide flat plate 74 (plate surface 74A) toward the nozzle plate 3 [first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4)], forming (generating) a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body 2 in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylinder inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2).

[0153] Each of the vortex forming grooves 81 and 82 (the first and second vortex forming flow paths) guides the liquid to flow in the same direction along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the guide cylinder portion (the second guide cylinder portion 72), forming (generating) a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body 2 in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the liquid filled in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2).

[0154] The vortex forming body 5 allows the liquid to flow out into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylinder inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2), forming (generating) a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body 2 in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The vortex forming body 5 has respective liquid introduction holes 79 and 80 (the first and second liquid introduction flow paths) communicating with the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylinder inner space ε3). The liquid flows into the respective liquid introduction holes 79 and 80 (the first and second liquid introduction flow paths), and the liquid flows out from the respective liquid introduction holes 79 and 80 (the first and second liquid introduction flow paths) into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, forming (generating) a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body 2 in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0155] The vortex generator 5 is disposed concentrically with the first guide cylinder portion 71 with a space therebetween from the inner peripheral surface 72b of the first guide cylinder portion 71, and the other cylinder end 72A is disposed in the first guide cylinder portion 71 toward the one cylinder end 71A of the first guide cylinder portion 71. A second guide cylinder portion 72, a first guide flat plate 73 disposed between the first and second guide cylinder portions 71 and 72 and closing the space therebetween, a second guide flat plate 74 closing the other cylinder end 72B of the second guide cylinder portion 72, a pair of first and second liquid introduction channels (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80) into which liquid flows, a first vortex formation channel (vortex formation groove 81) disposed (formed) on the second guide flat plate 74 and communicating with the first liquid introduction channel, and a second vortex formation channel (vortex formation groove 82) disposed (formed) on the second guide flat plate 74 and communicating with the second liquid introduction channel. The first vortex formation channel directs the liquid flowing in from the first liquid introduction channel toward the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72, flows out (ejects) into the second guide cylinder portion, and flows the liquid along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72. The second vortex formation channel directs the liquid flowing in from the second liquid introduction channel toward the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72, flows out (ejects) into the second guide cylinder portion 72, and flows the liquid along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion 72. The first and second vortex formation channels flow the liquid along the inner peripheral surface 72b of the second guide cylinder portion in the same direction to form (generate) a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (cylindrical inner space ε3 and spherical crown space ε2).

[0156] The vortex generator 5 has a guide cylinder part (the second guide cylinder part 72), a guide plate (the second flat guide plate 74) which is arranged at an interval from one cylinder end of the guide cylinder part (the second guide cylinder part 72) and closes the other cylinder end of the guide cylinder part, first and second liquid introduction channels (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80) into which liquid flows, a first vortex formation channel (vortex formation groove 81) which is arranged (formed) on the guide plate and communicates with the first liquid introduction channel, and a second vortex formation channel (vortex formation groove 82) which is arranged (formed) on the guide plate and communicates with the second liquid introduction channel. The vortex generator 5 is arranged such that one cylinder end of the guide cylinder part faces the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B), and a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is formed in the inflow space λ (inside the cylinder body 2 between the nozzle plate 3 and the guide plate) between the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) and the guide plate. The first vortex formation channel directs the liquid flowing in from the first liquid introduction channel toward the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part, flows out (ejects) into the guide cylinder part, and causes the liquid to flow along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part. The second vortex formation channel directs the liquid flowing in from the second liquid introduction channel toward the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part, flows out (ejects) into the guide cylinder part, and causes the liquid to flow along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part. The first and second vortex formation channels cause the liquid to flow in the same direction along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder part, and form (generate) a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body 2 in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylinder inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2).

[0157] The liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 flows from the vortex generator 5 [the second flat guide plate 74 (the guide plate)] toward the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) due to the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 flows from the cylinder inner space ε3 into the spherical crown space ε2 due to the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ. The liquid that has flowed into the spherical crown space ε2 flows along the inner peripheral surface 3B (the spherically curved inner peripheral surface) of the nozzle plate 3, and a part of the liquid flows into the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (the liquid injection holes 4).

[0158] The first sphere 9 (sphere 9X), the first sphere 10 (sphere 10Y), and the third sphere 11 (sphere 11Z) arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylinder inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) swim (move) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (inside the cylinder inner space ε3 and inside the spherical crown space ε2) due to the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 as shown in FIG. 4, and stir the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0159] The spherical bodies 9X (the first spherical body 9), 10Y (the second spherical body 10), and 11Z (the third spherical body 11) revolve and move within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (within the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2) around the cylindrical center line a (the central shaft portion 76) of the cylindrical body 2 as shown in FIG. 4, and stir (disrupt the vortex flow) the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the contact of the spherical surfaces 9a, 10a, and 11a of the spherical bodies 9X, 10Y, and 11Z with the vortex flow.

[0160] The spherical bodies 9X (the first spherical body 9), 10Y (the second spherical body 10), and 11Z (the third spherical body 11) are formed of, for example, materials (the same material) having the same density into spherical bodies with different spherical diameters (different volumes). The spherical body 11Z (the third spherical body, the second floating body) is formed into the spherical body with the largest shape (the largest volume) among the spherical bodies 9X, 10Y, and 11Z and has the heaviest mass. The spherical body 10Y (the second spherical body, the second floating body) is formed into the spherical body with the second largest shape (the second largest volume) among the spherical bodies 9X, 10Y, and 11Z and has the second heaviest mass. The spherical body 9X is formed into the spherical body with the smallest shape (the smallest volume) among the spherical bodies 9X, 10Y, and 11Z and has the lightest mass.

[0161] As shown in FIG. 4, the spherical body 11Z (the third spherical body 11) revolves and moves mainly within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3) on the sides of the first and second guide flat plates 73 and 74 (the vortex forming body 5 side) around the cylindrical center line a of the cylindrical body 2 by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, disrupts the vortex flow, and stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Each of the spherical bodies 11X, 11Y, and 11Z (the third spherical body 11) revolves and moves mainly within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3) on the sides of the first and second guide flat plates 73 and 74 (the vortex forming body 5 side), disrupts the vortex flow, and stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0162] As shown in Fig. 4, the sphere 11Z (the third sphere) rotates (spins) about the sphere center ω of the sphere 11Z while moving (traveling) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, with the liquid flowing into each through-hole 88, and the liquid flowing into each through-hole 88 stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by disturbing the vortex flow. The spheres 9Z, 10Z, 11Z having through-holes rotate (spin) about the sphere center of the sphere while moving (traveling) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the liquid flowing into each through-hole, disturbing the vortex flow, and stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0163] As shown in Fig. 4, the sphere 9X (the first sphere 9) is mainly swirled and moved in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylinder space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) on the nozzle plate 3 side about the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, disturbing the vortex flow, and stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Each of the spheres 9X, 9Y, 9Z (the first sphere 9) is mainly swirled and moved in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylinder space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) on the nozzle plate 3 side about the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2, disturbing the vortex flow, and stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0164] As shown in Fig. 4, the sphere 10Y (the second sphere 10) is mainly swirled and moved in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylinder space ε3) between the sphere 11Z (the third sphere 11) and the sphere 9X (the first sphere 9) about the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, disturbing the vortex flow, and stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Each of the spheres 10X, 10Y, 10Z (the second sphere 10) is mainly swirled and moved in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner cylinder space ε3) between the sphere 11Z (the third sphere 11) and the sphere 9X (the first sphere 9) about the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2, disturbing the vortex flow, and stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0165] As shown in Fig. 4, the sphere 10Y (the second sphere) rotates (spins) about the center of the sphere ω of the sphere 10Y while moving (traveling) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the swirling flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, with the liquid flowing into each recess 85. The rotation disturbs the swirling flow and stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The spheres 9Y, 10Y, 11Y having recesses rotate (spin) about the center of the sphere while moving (traveling) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the liquid flowing into each through-hole, disturbing the swirling flow and stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0166] As shown in Fig. 4, each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11 / the first and second floating bodies 6, 7) disturbs the swirling flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder, the spherical cap space ε2) between the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) and the vortex forming body 5 in the direction A of the center line a of the cylinder body 2 (the cylinder main body 1), and stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0167] As shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the entirety of each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) does not enter the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4), and is moved (traveled) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (inside the inner space ε3 of the cylinder and inside the spherical cap space ε2) between the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) and the second guide flat plate 74 (the vortex forming body 5) by the swirling flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0168] Each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) flows from the inner space ε3 of the cylinder into the spherical cap space ε2 by the swirling flow formed in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, moves (travels) in the spherical cap space ε2, and also moves (travels) from the spherical cap space ε2 to the inner space ε3 of the cylinder.

[0169] One or more of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) that flow into the spherical cap space ε2 are, as shown in FIG. 6, in the spherical cap space ε2, while temporarily fitting a part of the sphere (a part of the spherical surface) into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4), they are floated (moved) in the spherical cap space ε2. One or more of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) are floated (moved) in the spherical cap space ε2 while the spherical surfaces 9a to 11a are in sliding contact (contact) with the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3, and a part of the sphere (a part of the spherical surface) is fitted into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4) (temporarily fitted), and one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4) are blocked (temporarily blocked). One or more of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) are floated (moved) in the spherical cap space ε2 while temporarily fitting a part of the sphere from the inner peripheral surface 3B (the inner peripheral surface curved in a spherical cap shape) of the nozzle plate 3 into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4). Each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) temporarily fits a part of the sphere into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4), and temporarily blocks the first to fourth liquid injection holes (each liquid injection hole 4) from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3.

[0170] In the spherical cap space ε2, each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) with a part of the sphere fitted into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D is, by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the spherical cap space ε2) [the flow formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the spherical cap space ε2)], a part of each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z is extracted from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4), and is floated (moved) into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder, the spherical cap space ε2).

[0171] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) is repeatedly inserted into one or a plurality of first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or a plurality of liquid injection holes 4) in a part of the sphere within the spherical cap space ε2, and a part of the sphere is withdrawn from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4), and then is floated (moved) within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder and the spherical cap space ε2).

[0172] As shown in FIG. 6, each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) temporarily inserts a part of the sphere into one or a plurality of first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or a plurality of liquid injection holes 4), and temporarily closes the one or a plurality of first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D from the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, thereby generating a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [a difference in the height of the liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the liquid within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 [changing the liquid pressure (water pressure) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2].

[0173] As shown in FIG. 6, each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) generates a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [a difference in the height of the liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the liquid within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 according to the number (number of holes) of temporarily closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4).

[0174] As shown in FIG. 6, the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 generates a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [a difference in the height of the liquid pressure (water pressure)] according to the number (number of holes) of closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) with a part of each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11).

[0175] As shown in FIG. 6, the liquid (liquid pressure) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 gradually becomes high pressure as the number (number of holes) of closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) with a part of each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) increases. The liquid (liquid pressure) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 gradually becomes low pressure as the number (number of holes) of closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) with a part of each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) decreases.

[0176] The gas (air) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is precipitated from the liquid and pulverized (sheared) by the eddy flow formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the vortex forming body 5 and each of the spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11), and becomes a large amount (a large number) of microbubbles and a large amount (a large number) of ultrafine bubbles. A large amount of fine bubbles and a large amount of ultrafine bubbles are mixed (incorporated) and dissolved in the liquid flowing through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and become a bubble liquid (bubble water, bubble warm water) in which a large amount of fine bubbles and a large amount of ultrafine bubbles are mixed (incorporated) and dissolved.

[0177] The bubble liquid (bubble water, bubble warm water) flows through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the spherical crown space ε2) and flows into the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) from the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3). The bubble liquid flows through the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) and is injected from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D into the air (the air outside the bubble liquid injection nozzle X).

[0178] As shown in FIG. 4, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) inject the bubble liquid flowing through the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) into the air from the nozzle plate 3 (the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3). The first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) inject the bubble liquid flowing through the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) into the air at a sharp angle.

[0179] As shown in FIG. 4, each first liquid injection hole 4A (liquid injection hole 4) injects the bubble liquid flowing through each first liquid injection hole 4A into the air at a first sharp angle θ1. The bubble liquid injected from each first liquid injection hole 4A at the first sharp angle θ1 diffuses into the air while gradually separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 [the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (the cylinder main body 1)] as it moves away from the nozzle plate 3.

[0180] As shown in FIG. 4, each second liquid injection hole 4B (liquid injection hole 4) injects the bubble liquid flowing in each first liquid injection hole 4A into the air at a second acute angle θ2. The bubble liquid injected from each second liquid injection hole 4B at the second acute angle θ2 diffuses in the air while gradually separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 [the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1)] as it moves away from the nozzle plate 3 (the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3).

[0181] As shown in FIG. 4, each third liquid injection hole 4C (liquid injection hole 4) injects the bubble liquid flowing in each third liquid injection hole 4C into the air at a third acute angle θ3. The bubble liquid injected from each third liquid injection hole 4C at the third acute angle θ3 diffuses in the air while gradually separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 [the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1)] as it moves away from the nozzle plate 3 (the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3).

[0182] As shown in FIG. 4, each fourth liquid injection hole 4D (liquid injection hole 4) injects the bubble liquid flowing in each fourth liquid injection hole 4D into the air at a fourth acute angle θ4. The bubble liquid injected from each fourth liquid injection hole 4D at the fourth acute angle θ4 diffuses in the air while gradually separating from the spherical crown center line b of the nozzle plate 3 [the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1)] as it moves away from the nozzle plate 3 (the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3).

[0183] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) generate a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and change the injection force for injecting the liquid according to the liquid pressure (water pressure) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, thereby injecting the bubble liquid into the air.

[0184] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, as the liquid pressure (water pressure) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 increases, the injection force gradually becomes stronger (the injection force gradually becomes larger), and the bubble liquid is injected into the air with a large injection force. The first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) gradually become weaker (the injection force gradually becomes smaller) as the liquid pressure (water pressure) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 decreases, and the bubble liquid is injected into the air with a small injection force.

[0185] As shown in Fig. 6, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) generate a difference in injection force (difference in strength) due to the liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [difference in height of liquid pressure (water pressure)] of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and inject the bubble liquid into the air by the injection force.

[0186] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle X, a vortex flow is formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and the respective spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (first to third spheres 9 to 11 / first and second floating bodies 6, 7) are caused to float (move) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the vortex flow, and the spheres 10Y, 11Z are rotated while floating, so as to vigorously stir the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. By making the liquid flowing through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 into a turbulent flow, gas (air) in the liquid is precipitated and pulverized (sheared) by the turbulent flow, and a large amount of fine bubbles and a large amount of ultra-fine bubbles are mixed (mixed in) and dissolved to form a bubble liquid (bubble water, bubble warm water), which can be injected into the air from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4).

[0187] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle X, by injecting the bubble liquid into the air at the first to fourth acute angles θ1 to θ4 (acute angles) from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), the bubble liquid can be diffused in the air while gradually separating from the spherical crown center line b as it separates from the nozzle plate 3 (outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3).

[0188] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle X, due to the vortex flow [flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2] formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, a part of one or more spheres 9X, 10Y, 11Z (first to third spheres 9 to 11) is temporarily fitted into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), and one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) are temporarily blocked from the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (spherical crown space ε2), so as to generate a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [difference in height of liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, thereby creating a difference in strength (difference in injection force) in the injection force from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), and injecting the bubble liquid into the air.

[0189] The bubble liquid injection nozzle (bubble liquid injector) of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 33. In FIGS. 29 to 33, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 28 denote the same members and the same configurations, and thus the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0190] In FIGS. 29 to 33, the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y of the second embodiment (hereinafter referred to as "bubble liquid injection nozzle Y") includes a cylindrical body 1, a vortex forming body 5, and a plurality of floating bodies 8.

[0191] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the cylindrical body 1 has a cylindrical body 2, a nozzle plate 3, one or a plurality of liquid injection holes 4 (first to fourth liquid injection nozzles 4A to 4D), and an inflow space λ (cylindrical inner space ε1 and spherical crown space ε2) as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11 (see FIGS. 32 and 33).

[0192] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the nozzle plate 3 closes one cylindrical end 2A of the cylindrical body 2 and is fixed to the cylindrical body 2 (one cylindrical end 2A of the cylindrical body 2) as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11 (see FIGS. 29 to 33).

[0193] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the nozzle plate 3 is formed in a spherical crown shape protruding from one cylindrical end 2A of the cylindrical body 2 and has an outer peripheral surface 3A curved in a spherical crown shape and an inner peripheral surface 3B curved in a spherical crown shape as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11.

[0194] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, one or a plurality of liquid injection holes 4 are formed in the nozzle plate 3 as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11 (see FIGS. 29 to 33).

[0195] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the plurality of liquid injection holes 4 are composed of a plurality of first liquid injection holes 4A, a plurality of second liquid injection holes 4B, a plurality of third liquid injection holes 4C, and a plurality of fourth liquid injection holes 4D as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11 (see FIGS. 29 to 33).

[0196] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the vortex generator 5 has a first guide cylinder portion 71 (large-diameter cylinder portion), a second guide cylinder portion 72 (small-diameter cylinder portion), a first guide flat plate 73 (first guide plate), a second guide plate 74 (second guide plate), a flange portion 75 (flange flat plate), a central axis portion 76, a plurality (a pair) of liquid introduction cylinder portions 77, 78, a plurality (a pair) of liquid introduction holes 79, 80 (first and second liquid introduction flow paths), and a plurality (a pair) of vortex formation grooves 81, 82 (first and second vortex formation groove portions), as described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14.

[0197] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the vortex generator 5 is arranged such that a gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is formed (partitioned) in the inflow space λ between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) in the direction A of the cylinder center line a of the cylinder body 2 (cylinder main body 1), as described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4 (see FIG. 32).

[0198] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the vortex generator 5 is fixed to the cylinder body 2 by bringing the plate surface 75A of the flange portion 75 into contact with the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder body 2, as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 (see FIGS. 30 to 32).

[0199] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) penetrate the nozzle plate 3 in the plate thickness direction AT of the nozzle plate 3 and communicate with the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (spherical crown space ε2), as described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6 (see FIGS. 32 and 33).

[0200] As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the plurality of floating bodies 8 are formed in the same shape (identical shape). Each floating body 8 (floating member / moving member) is formed in a shape larger than the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) and is arranged (accommodated) movably in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Each floating body 8 is formed in a shape larger than the minimum groove width HN of each vortex formation groove 81, 82 and is arranged (accommodated) movably in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0201] As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, each of the floating bodies 8 is formed in the same shape, and is composed of, for example, spheres of the same shape (formed into spheres of the same shape). Each floating body 8 is composed of a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4). Each floating body 8 is composed of a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than the minimum and maximum groove widths HN of each of the vortex forming grooves 81 and 82.

[0202] The sphere of each floating body 8 is composed of the first sphere 9, or the second sphere 10, or the third sphere 11 (see FIGS. 20 to 28).

[0203] Each floating body 8 is a sphere having a sphere diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), and is any one of a sphere whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface, a sphere having a recess opened on the spherical surface, or a sphere having a through hole opened on the spherical surface through the sphere.

[0204] Each floating body 8 is composed of any one of the first to third aspects.

[0205] <First Aspect (Fifth Aspect)> In the first aspect, each floating body 8 is composed of the first sphere 9. The first sphere 9 of each floating body 7 is any one of a sphere 9X whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface 9a, a sphere 9Y having a recess 83 opened on the spherical surface 9a, or a sphere 9Z having a through hole 84 opened on the spherical surface 9a through the sphere 9Z, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 22.

[0206] In the first aspect, each floating body 8 has the first sphere 9 (each sphere 9X, 9Y, 9Z) disposed (accommodated) movably (freely movable) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inner space ε3 of the cylinder and the spherical crown space ε2).

[0207] <Second Aspect (Sixth Aspect)> In the second aspect, each floating body 8 is composed of a second spherical body 10. As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the second spherical body 10 of each floating body 8 is either a spherical body 10X with the entire spherical surface being a spherical surface 10a, or a spherical body 10Y having a recess 85 opened on the spherical surface 10a, or a spherical body 10Z having a through hole 86 opened on the spherical surface 10a and penetrating the spherical body 10Z.

[0208] In the second aspect, each floating body 8 is arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2) so as to be freely movable (movable) with the second spherical bodies 10 (the spherical bodies 10X, 10Y, 10Z).

[0209] <Third Aspect (Seventh Aspect)> In the third aspect, each floating body 8 is composed of a third spherical body 11. As shown in FIGS. 26 to 28, the third spherical body 11 of each floating body 8 is either a spherical body 11X with the entire spherical surface being a spherical surface 11a, or a spherical body 11Y having a recess 87 opened on the spherical surface 11a, or a spherical body 11Z having a through hole 88 opened on the spherical surface 11a and penetrating the spherical body 11Z.

[0210] In the third aspect, each floating body 8 is arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2) so as to be freely movable (movable) with the third spherical bodies 11 (the spherical bodies 11X, 11Y, 11Z).

[0211] As shown in FIG. 32, each floating body 8 (each spherical body) floats (moves) between the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) and the vortex forming body 5 [the first guide flat plate 73, the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate)] in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Each floating body 8 floats in the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2 (the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2). In each floating body 8, the first spherical body 9 (the spherical bodies 10X, 10Y, 10Z), or the second spherical body 10 (the spherical bodies 10X, 10Y, 10Z), or the third spherical body 11 (the spherical bodies 11X, 11Y, 11Z) arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is floated (moved) between the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) and the vortex forming body 5 [the first guide flat plate 73, the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate)] by the liquid flowing through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0212] As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, each floating body 8 is a sphere having a diameter larger than that of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) and having the same spherical diameter, and is composed of, for example, the third sphere 11 (each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z).

[0213] As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, each floating body 8 is, for example, arranged (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2) so as to be freely movable (movable) with a plurality of third spheres 11 (spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z). In the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, one or a plurality of spheres 11X (third spheres 11), one or a plurality of spheres 11Y (third spheres 11), and one or a plurality of spheres 11Z (third spheres 11) are arranged (accommodated).

[0214] In FIGS. 29 to 33, the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y is connected to a liquid supply source (not shown), and liquid (for example, water, warm water) flows from the liquid supply source into the vortex forming body 5 (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80). The bubble liquid injection nozzle Y connects each liquid introduction cylinder portion 77, 78 (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80) to the liquid supply source, and the liquid from the liquid supply source flows into each liquid introduction hole 79, 80. The bubble liquid injection nozzle Y allows the liquid from the liquid supply source to flow from the vortex forming body 5 (each liquid introduction hole 79, 80) into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the inflow space λ / inside the cylinder 2).

[0215] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the vortex forming body 5, as described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, causes the liquid to flow out into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical cap space ε2), and forms (generates) a vortex flow around the central axis of the cylinder in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the liquid filled in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2). The liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 flows from the vortex forming body 5 [the second guide plate 74 (guide plate)] toward the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) due to the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. The liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 flows from the cylindrical inner space ε3 to the spherical cap space ε2 due to the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 2τ. The liquid that has flowed into the spherical cap space ε2 flows along the inner peripheral surface 3B (the inner peripheral surface curved in a spherical crown shape) of the nozzle plate 3, and a part of the liquid flows into the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4).

[0216] The third spheres 11 (spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z) disposed (accommodated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2) are, as shown in FIG. 32, caused by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, to swim (move) within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (within the cylindrical inner space ε3 and within the spherical crown space ε2), and to stir the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0217] The spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third spheres 11) are, as shown in FIG. 32, caused by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, to swim while swirling about the central axis a of the cylinder in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2), to disrupt the vortex flow, and to stir the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0218] As shown in FIG. 32, the sphere 11Y is caused by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, such that the liquid flows into each recess 87, and while moving (swimming) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the liquid flowing into each recess 87, rotates (spins) about the center ω of the sphere of the sphere 11Y, disrupts the vortex flow, and stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0219] As shown in FIG. 32, the sphere 11Z (the third sphere) is caused by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, such that the liquid flows into each through-hole 88, and while moving (swimming) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the liquid flowing into each through-hole 88, rotates (spins) about the center ω of the sphere of the sphere 11Z, disrupts the vortex flow, and stirs the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2.

[0220] As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the entireties of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third spheres 11) do not enter the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4), and are caused by the vortex flow formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, to swim (move) within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (within the cylindrical inner space ε3 and within the spherical crown space ε2) between the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B) and the second guide flat plate 74 (the vortex forming body 5).

[0221] Each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) flows from the cylindrical inner space ε3 into the spherical cap space ε2 due to the vortex flow formed in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and moves (swims) in the spherical cap space ε2 and also swims from the spherical cap space ε2 into the cylindrical inner space ε3.

[0222] One or more of each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) that has flowed into the spherical cap space ε2 is, as shown in Fig. 33, in the spherical cap space ε2, while temporarily fitting a part of the sphere (a part of the spherical surface) into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of each liquid injection hole 4), it moves (swims) in the spherical cap space ε. Each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) moves (swims) in the spherical cap space ε2 while slidingly contacting (abutting) the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3 with the spherical surfaces 9a to 11a, and fits a part of the sphere (a part of the spherical surface) into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4) (temporarily fitting), and closes (temporarily closes) one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4). Each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) is, in the spherical cap space ε2, while temporarily fitting a part of the sphere into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4) from the inner peripheral surface 3B (the inwardly curved inner peripheral surface in a spherical cap shape) of the nozzle plate 3, it moves (swims) in the spherical cap space ε. Each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) temporarily fits a part of the sphere into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or more of the liquid injection holes 4), and temporarily closes the first to fourth liquid injection holes (each liquid injection hole 4) from the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3.

[0223] In the spherical cap space ε2, each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) with a part of the sphere fitted into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D is caused by the vortex flow [the flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (spherical cap space ε2)] formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (spherical cap space ε2) to extract a part of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4), and move (swim) into the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (cylindrical inner space ε3, spherical cap space ε2).

[0224] As shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) is repeatedly inserted into one or a plurality of first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or a plurality of liquid injection holes 4) of a part of the sphere within the spherical crown space ε2, and a part of the sphere is withdrawn from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4), and then is floated (moved) within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the cylindrical inner space ε3 and the spherical crown space ε2).

[0225] As shown in FIG. 33, each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) temporarily inserts a part of the sphere into one or a plurality of first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (one or a plurality of liquid injection holes 4), and temporarily closes the one or a plurality of first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D from the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, thereby generating a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [a difference in the level of liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the liquid within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 [changing the liquid pressure (water pressure) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2]. Each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) generates a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [a difference in the level of liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the liquid within the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 according to the number (number of holes) of temporarily closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4).

[0226] As shown in FIG. 33, the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 generates a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [a difference in the level of liquid pressure (water pressure)] according to the number (number of holes) of closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) by a part of each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11).

[0227] As shown in FIG. 33, the liquid (liquid pressure) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 gradually becomes a high pressure as the number (number of holes) of closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) by a part of each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) increases. The liquid (liquid pressure) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 gradually becomes a low pressure as the number (number of holes) of closing the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (each liquid injection hole 4) by a part of each of the spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11) decreases.

[0228] The gas (air) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 is precipitated from the liquid by the vortices formed (generated) in the liquid of the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 by the vortex generator 5 and each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11), and pulverized (sheared) into a large amount (a large number) of microbubbles and a large amount (a large number) of ultrafine bubbles. A large amount of fine bubbles and a large amount of ultrafine bubbles are mixed (incorporated) into and dissolved in the liquid flowing through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, resulting in a bubble liquid (bubble water, bubble warm water) in which a large amount of fine bubbles and a large amount of ultrafine bubbles are mixed (incorporated) and dissolved.

[0229] The bubble liquid (bubble water, bubble warm water) flows through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (the spherical cap space ε2) and flows into the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) from the nozzle plate 3 (the inner peripheral surface 3B of the nozzle plate 3). The bubble liquid flows through the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) and is injected from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D into the air (the air outside the bubble liquid injection nozzle X).

[0230] As shown in FIG. 32, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) inject the bubble liquid flowing through the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (inside each liquid injection hole 4) into the air from the nozzle plate 3 (the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3). Similar to the explanation in FIG. 4, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) inject the bubble liquid flowing through each first liquid injection hole 4A into the air at the first to fourth acute angles θ1 to θ4 (see FIG. 32).

[0231] As shown in FIG. 33, the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) change the injection force for injecting the liquid according to the liquid pressure (water pressure) of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 and inject the bubble liquid into the air.

[0232] The first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4), as shown in Fig. 33, gradually increase the injection force (the injection force gradually becomes stronger) as the liquid pressure (water pressure) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 increases, and inject the bubble liquid into the air with a large injection force. The first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4) gradually decrease the injection force (the injection force gradually becomes weaker) as the liquid pressure (water pressure) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 decreases, and inject the bubble liquid into the air with a small injection force.

[0233] The first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D generate a difference in injection force (a difference in strength) due to the liquid pressure difference [water pressure difference / high and low difference in liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and inject the bubble liquid into the air by the injection force.

[0234] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, a vortex flow is formed (generated) in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. Due to the vortex flow, each sphere 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the third sphere 11 / free moving body 8) having the same sphere diameter is made to move (travel) in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, and the spheres 11Y and 11Z rotate while moving, vigorously stirring the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2. By making the liquid flowing through the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 into a turbulent flow, the gas (air) in the liquid is precipitated and pulverized (sheared) by the turbulent flow, and a large amount of fine bubbles and a large amount of ultrafine bubbles are mixed (incorporated) and dissolved to form a bubble liquid (bubble water, bubble warm water), which can be injected into the air from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4).

[0235] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, the bubble liquid is injected into the air at the first to fourth acute angles θ1 to θ4 (acute angles) from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection holes 4). As the bubble liquid moves away from the nozzle plate 3 (the outer peripheral surface 3A of the nozzle plate 3), it can diffuse into the air while gradually separating from the spherical crown center line b.

[0236] In the bubble liquid injection nozzle Y, due to the vortex flow [the flow formed (generated) in the liquid in the liquid mixing chamber τ2] formed (generated) in the liquid in the liquid mixing chamber τ2, a part of one or more spheres 11X, 11Y, 11Z (the first to third spheres 9 to 11) is temporarily fitted into one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection hole 4), temporarily closing one or more of the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection hole 4) from the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2 (spherical crown space ε2), and generating a liquid pressure difference (water pressure difference) [the height difference of liquid pressure (water pressure)] in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber τ2, so as to create a difference in ejection force (a difference in ejection force) from the first to fourth liquid injection holes 4A to 4D (liquid injection hole 4), and the bubble liquid can be ejected into the air.

[0237] In the bubble liquid injection nozzles X and Y of the first and second embodiments, in addition to being composed of spheres, each of the floating bodies 6, 7, and 8 may be formed into a triangular pyramid, a polygonal pyramid (quadrangular pyramid), a cylinder, a polygonal prism (quadrangular prism), a cylinder, etc.

[0238] In the bubble liquid injection nozzles X and Y of the first and second embodiments, the vortex forming body 5 may abut one cylinder end 71A of the first guide cylinder portion 71 against the other cylinder end 2B of the cylinder body 2, and arrange the first guide cylinder portion 71 continuously with the cylinder body 2, and form the liquid mixing chamber τ2 in the inflow space λ between the nozzle plate 3 (inner peripheral surface 3B) and the first guide flat plate 73 and the second guide flat plate 74 (guide plate) of the vortex forming body 5.

[0239] In the bubble liquid injection nozzles X and Y of the first and second embodiments, the first to third spheres 9, 10, and 11 may be formed into spheres having a sphere diameter larger than the maximum groove width HW of each of the vortex forming grooves 81 and 82.

Industrial Applicability

[0240] Mototsuaki is optimal for mixing (mixing in) microbubbles and ultrafine bubbles and injecting the dissolved bubble liquid.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0241] X Bubble liquid injection nozzle τ2 Gas-liquid mixing chamber 1 Cylinder body 2 Cylinder body 3 Nozzle plate 4(4A~4D) Liquid injection holes 5 Vortex forming body 6 First floating body 7 Second floating body 9~11 Spherical bodies

Claims

1. A cylinder body, having a nozzle plate that closes one end of the cylinder body, and a cylinder main body that forms an inflow space into which a liquid flows inside between the nozzle plate and the other end of the cylinder body; A vortex generator that is disposed to form a gas-liquid mixing chamber in the inflow space between the vortex generator and the nozzle plate; One or more first floating bodies; One or more second floating bodies formed in a shape larger than that of the first floating body, and comprising: The nozzle plate is Formed in a spherical crown shape that protrudes from one end of the cylinder body in the direction of the cylinder center line of the cylinder body, The cylinder main body is Penetrates the nozzle plate, has liquid injection holes that open to the outer peripheral surface that curves in a spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate and the inner peripheral surface that curves in a spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate, and communicates with the gas-liquid mixing chamber, The liquid injection holes are Disposed between the spherical crown center line of the nozzle plate and the cylinder body, At an acute angle from the spherical crown center line, while extending from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylinder body and being inclined, The vortex generator is Flows the liquid out into the gas-liquid mixing chamber, and forms a vortex flow around the cylinder center line of the cylinder body in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber, The first floating body and the second floating body are Formed in a shape larger than that of the liquid injection holes, and are disposed to be freely movable in the gas-liquid mixing chamber A bubble liquid injection nozzle, characterized in that.

2. The cylinder main body is Penetrates the nozzle plate, has a plurality of liquid injection holes that open to the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate, and communicates with the gas-liquid mixing chamber, Each of the liquid injection holes is Disposed between the spherical crown center line and the cylinder body, At an acute angle from the spherical crown center line, while extending from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylinder body and being inclined The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that.

3. The first floating body is Composed of a sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection holes, The second floating body is Larger than the liquid injection holes and composed of a sphere having a spherical diameter larger than the spherical diameter of the sphere of the first floating body The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that.

4. The first floating body is A sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection holes, and A sphere whose entire spherical surface is a spherical surface, Or, A sphere having a recess opened on the spherical surface, Or, A sphere having a through hole that penetrates the sphere and opens on the spherical surface Composed of any one of the spheres, The second floating body is A sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection hole and larger than the spherical diameter of the sphere of the first floating body, a sphere in which the entire spherical surface is a spherical surface, or a sphere having a recess opened on the spherical surface, or a sphere having a through hole that penetrates the sphere and opens on the spherical surface is composed of any one of the spheres The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that.

5. A cylindrical body, a nozzle plate that closes one end of the cylindrical body, a cylindrical body that forms an inflow space into which liquid flows inside between the nozzle plate and the other end of the cylindrical body, a vortex forming body that forms a gas-liquid mixing chamber in the inflow space between the vortex forming body and the nozzle plate, a plurality of floating bodies formed in the same shape, and The nozzle plate is formed in a spherical crown shape protruding from one end of the cylindrical body in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical body, The cylindrical body is penetrates the nozzle plate, has a liquid injection hole that opens on the outer peripheral surface that curves in the spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate and the inner peripheral surface that curves in the spherical crown shape of the nozzle plate, and communicates with the gas-liquid mixing chamber, The liquid injection hole is disposed between the spherical crown center line of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body, extends from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body while being inclined at an acute angle to the spherical crown center line, The vortex forming body is flows the liquid into the gas-liquid mixing chamber, and forms a vortex flow around the central axis of the cylindrical body in the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing chamber, Each of the floating bodies is formed in a shape larger than the liquid injection hole and is disposed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber so as to be freely movable The bubble liquid injection nozzle characterized by the above.

6. The cylindrical body is penetrates the nozzle plate, has a plurality of liquid injection holes that open on the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate, and communicates with the gas-liquid mixing chamber, Each of the liquid injection holes is disposed between the spherical crown center line and the cylindrical body, extends from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle plate and the cylindrical body while being inclined at an acute angle to the spherical crown center line The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that.

7. Each of the floating bodies is composed of a sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection hole The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that.

8. Each of the floating bodies is a sphere having a spherical diameter larger than that of the liquid injection hole, a sphere in which the entire spherical surface is a spherical surface, or a sphere having a recess opened on the spherical surface, or A sphere having a through hole that penetrates the sphere and opens to the sphere surface Composed of any one of the spheres The bubble liquid injection nozzle according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that

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