Gasifier

Abstract

To provide a gasifier capable of appropriately adjusting the discharge amount of residue.SOLUTION: A gasifier 1 is cylindrical about a central axis J1 and includes: a rotary cylindrical part 11 that rotates about the central axis J1; an agitator 15 that agitates a processed material inside the rotary cylindrical part 11 by rotation of the rotary cylindrical part 11; a heating part 12 that heats the processed material agitated by the agitator 15 by heating the rotary cylindrical part 11 to generate pyrolysis gas from the processed material; and a residue guiding part 5 provided between the agitator 15 and an outlet 112 in the rotary cylindrical part 11 to guide residue of the processed material that has passed through the agitator 15 to the outlet 112 of the rotary cylindrical part 11. The residue guiding part 5 includes: a mounting part provided on an inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical part 11; and a guiding member detachably attached to the mounting part, the guiding member guiding the residue into the outlet 112 by rotation of the rotary cylindrical part 11. The discharge amount of the residue can be appropriately adjusted by replacement of the guiding member or the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gasification device.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a gasification device that generates pyrolysis gas and char by heating a material to be processed such as biomass inside a rotary cylindrical part (rotary kiln) has been used. In the rotary kiln of Patent Document 1, a scraping plate is attached so as to extend in the diameter direction of the inner cylinder in the inner cylinder provided with a step portion at the connection portion with the discharge pipe at the outlet side end. As a result, it becomes possible to scrape up the pyrolysis residue staying on the inner bottom side of the step portion and send it into the discharge pipe. Patent Document 2 discloses a lifter for stirring the input to the rotary kiln. The lifter has a T-shaped cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and includes a first plate portion fixed to the inner wall of the rotary kiln and a second plate portion protruding from the first plate portion to the inside of the rotary kiln. Through holes for inserting anchor bolts protruding from the inner wall of the rotary kiln are formed on both sides of the first plate portion sandwiching the second plate portion. In the device of Patent Document 3, an intermediate restricting portion for restricting the movement of char and a lift portion arranged in contact with or close to the intermediate restricting portion are provided inside the rotary cylindrical part. As the rotary cylindrical part rotates, the char is scraped up by the lift portion and can move beyond the intermediate restricting portion.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Incidentally, in the above gasification apparatus, when producing pyrolysis gas from a material to be processed such as general waste, since the material to be processed contains incombustibles, a large amount of residues containing incombustibles tend to accumulate near the outlet of the rotary cylindrical portion. In this case, the voids that are the gas flow paths become narrow, and the differential pressure between the supply port and the discharge port in the rotary cylindrical portion increases. As a result, there is a possibility that the pyrolysis gas passes through the supply port and flows backward to the storage portion of the material to be processed. On the other hand, although it is also conceivable to actively discharge the residues from the inside of the rotary cylindrical portion, excessive discharge will reduce the gasification rate of the material to be processed (the ratio at which the material to be processed is gasified). In addition, there are regional differences in the proportion and size of incombustibles in the waste, and a certain amount of trial and error is also required to optimize the discharge amount of the residues. Therefore, a new method capable of appropriately adjusting the discharge amount of the residues is required. Also, in the event that the pyrolysis gas flows backward to the storage portion, a method for appropriately discharging the pyrolysis gas from the storage portion is also required.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and aims to appropriately adjust the discharge amount of the residues. It also aims to appropriately discharge the pyrolysis gas that has flowed backward from the storage portion.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] Aspect 1 of the present invention is a gasification device for gasifying an object to be processed, which is cylindrical with a central axis, and a supply port for the object to be processed is provided at one end in the axial direction parallel to the central axis, and a discharge port is provided at the other end. It includes a rotating cylindrical part that rotates around the central axis, a stirring part provided inside the rotating cylindrical part for stirring the object to be processed inside the rotating cylindrical part when the rotating cylindrical part rotates, a heating part for heating the object to be processed stirred by the stirring part by heating the rotating cylindrical part to generate pyrolysis gas from the object to be processed, and a residue guiding part provided between the stirring part and the discharge port inside the rotating cylindrical part for guiding the residue of the object to be processed that has passed through the stirring part to the discharge port. The residue guiding part includes a mounting part provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical part, and a guiding member that is detachably attached to the mounting part and guides the residue into the discharge port when the rotating cylindrical part rotates.

[0007] Aspect 2 of the present invention is the gasification device of Aspect 1, wherein the discharge amount of the residue into the discharge port can be changed by replacing the guiding member with another guiding member having a different shape.

[0008] Aspect 3 of the present invention is the gasification device of Aspect 1 (which may also be Aspect 1 or 2), wherein a plurality of mounting positions shifted in the axial direction are set in the mounting part, and the discharge amount of the residue into the discharge port can be changed by changing the mounting position for attaching the guiding member.

[0009] Aspect 4 of the present invention is the gasification device according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the residue guiding part further includes a returning member that is detachably attached to the mounting part, the returning member is disposed between the stirring part and the guiding member, and when the rotating cylindrical part rotates, the returning member returns a part of the residue to the stirring part side.

[0010] Aspect 5 of the present invention is a gasification device according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3 (which may be any one of Aspects 1 to 4). In the rotating cylindrical portion, an annular surface that extends from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface toward the central axis is provided, and the discharge port is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface. The guiding member includes a guiding body having a lift surface that extends in the radial direction and the axial direction at the position of the mounting portion, and a guiding plate that protrudes from the lift surface of the guiding body and extends along the radial direction. At least a part of the guiding plate on the inner side in the radial direction is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be positioned on the discharge port side as it goes toward the inner side in the radial direction.

[0011] Aspect 6 of the present invention is a gasification device according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3 (which may be any one of Aspects 1 to 5). In the rotating cylindrical portion, an annular surface that extends from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface toward the central axis is provided, and the discharge port is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface. The guiding member includes a guiding body having a lift surface that extends in the radial direction and the axial direction at the position of the mounting portion. The lift surface has an inclined portion that is inclined with respect to the radial direction when viewed along the axial direction.

[0012] Aspect 7 of the present invention is a gasification device according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3 (which may be any one of Aspects 1 to 6). It further includes a workpiece supply unit that is connected to the supply port of the rotating cylindrical portion and supplies the workpiece stored in the storage portion into the rotating cylindrical portion, a detection unit that detects the inflow of the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotating cylindrical portion into the storage portion, an auxiliary line that is openable and closable and connects the storage portion and a residue combustion portion provided in the heating portion, and a control unit that, when the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the storage portion is detected, opens the auxiliary line to send the pyrolysis gas from the storage portion to the residue combustion portion. The residue combustion portion burns the residue discharged from the discharge port of the rotating cylindrical portion.

[0013] Aspect 8 of the present invention is a gasification device for gasifying an object to be processed, which is cylindrical with a central axis, and a supply port for the object to be processed is provided at one end in the axial direction parallel to the central axis, and a discharge port is provided at the other end. A rotating cylindrical part that rotates around the central axis, an object-to-be-processed supply part that is connected to the supply port of the rotating cylindrical part and supplies the object to be processed stored in the storage part into the rotating cylindrical part, and is provided in the rotating cylindrical part. A stirring part that stirs the object to be processed in the rotating cylindrical part by the rotation of the rotating cylindrical part, and by heating the rotating cylindrical part, heats the object to be processed stirred by the stirring part to generate pyrolysis gas from the object to be processed. A detection part that detects the inflow of the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotating cylindrical part into the storage part, an auxiliary line that is openable and closable and connects the storage part and a residue combustion part provided in the heating part, and when the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the storage part is detected, by opening the auxiliary line, a control part that sends the pyrolysis gas from the storage part to the residue combustion part, and the residue combustion part burns the residue of the object to be processed discharged from the discharge port of the rotating cylindrical part.

Advantages of the Invention

[0014] In the inventions of Aspects 1 to 7, the discharge amount of the residue can be appropriately adjusted.

[0015] In the inventions of Aspects 7 and 8, the pyrolysis gas flowing backward can be appropriately discharged from the storage part.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

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Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12A

Figure 12B

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a gasification apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The gasification apparatus 1 has an externally heated rotary kiln (indirectly heated rotary kiln), and is an apparatus that gasifies a workpiece which is general waste to generate a reformed gas which is a combustible gas. The reformed gas is used, for example, for power generation by a gas engine or the like. The workpiece is not limited to general waste, and may be industrial waste (such as clothing waste), sewage sludge, woody biomass, or the like.

[0018] The gasification device 1 includes a rotating cylindrical portion 11, a heating portion 12, a workpiece supply portion 13, a mixed gas introduction portion 14 (see Fig. 2), a stirring portion 15, a residue transfer portion 50, a separation portion 16, a gas purification portion 17, a rotating portion 18 (see Fig. 2), and a control portion 10. The control portion 10 is, for example, a computer including a CPU or the like, and is responsible for overall control of the gasification device 1. A part or all of the control portion 10 may be realized by a dedicated electric circuit or the like.

[0019] The rotating cylindrical portion 11 is cylindrical and is formed of, for example, metal or an alloy (the same applies to other components provided within the rotating cylindrical portion 11). The heating portion 12 includes an outer cylinder portion 121 and a residue combustion portion 122. The high-temperature gas from the residue combustion portion 122 is guided into the space between the rotating cylindrical portion 11 and the outer cylinder portion 121, and the rotating cylindrical portion 11 is heated. The workpiece supply portion 13 is provided on one side in the central axis direction of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, and the separation portion 16 is provided on the other side. The stirring portion 15 and the residue transfer portion 50 are provided within the rotating cylindrical portion 11. The separation portion 16 has a separation flow path 161 and a residue storage portion 162. The gas from the separation flow path 161 is guided to the gas purification portion 17.

[0020] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the rotating cylindrical portion 11 and the surrounding configuration. Fig. 2 shows a cross-section in a plane including the central axis J1 of the rotating cylindrical portion 11. In the example of Fig. 2, the central axis J1 of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 is horizontal or substantially horizontal. Depending on the design of the gasification device 1, the central axis J1 may be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.

[0021] In the rotating cylindrical portion 11, a supply port 111 is provided at one end in the direction parallel to the central axis J1 (hereinafter referred to as the "axial direction"), and a discharge port 112 is provided at the other end. As will be described later, inside the rotating cylindrical portion 11, a thermal decomposition portion 151, an intermediate restriction portion 113, a reforming portion 152, and a residue transfer portion 50 are provided in this order from the supply port 111 toward the discharge port 112. At the end of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 on the above-mentioned one side (the supply port 111 side) inside, a supply-side annular portion 114 is provided. The supply-side annular portion 114 is an annular member provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis J1. In the supply-side annular portion 114, the surface facing the discharge port 112 side is an annular surface 114a, which extends from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 toward the central axis J1. The aforementioned supply port 111 is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface 114a. The height of the supply-side annular portion 114 from the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 (the height of the inner peripheral surface of the supply-side annular portion 114 in the direction perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11) is substantially constant over the entire circumference.

[0022] At the end of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 on the above-mentioned other side (the discharge port 112 side) inside, a discharge-side annular portion 115 is provided. The discharge-side annular portion 115 is an annular member provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. In the discharge-side annular portion 115, the surface facing the supply port 111 side is an annular surface 115a, which extends from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 toward the central axis J1. The aforementioned discharge port 112 is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface 115a. The height of the discharge-side annular portion 115 from the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 (the height of the inner peripheral surface of the discharge-side annular portion 115 in the direction perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11) gradually decreases as it approaches the separation portion 16. That is, the inner peripheral surface of the discharge-side annular portion 115 is a conical surface with a diameter increasing as it approaches the separation portion 16. The residue described later is guided to the separation portion 16 side by the inner peripheral surface of the discharge-side annular portion 115. At each position in the axial direction, the height of the discharge-side annular portion 115 is substantially constant over the entire circumference.

[0023] The rotating part 18 rotates about the central axis J1 with the rotating cylindrical part 11 as the center. A flange part 116 is provided at the end of the rotating cylindrical part 11 on the supply port 111 side. The flange part 116 is an annular plate member centered on the central axis J1. Below the flange part 116, a pair of rollers 181 of the rotating part 18 are provided. The pair of rollers 181 are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2. The flange part 116 is rotatably supported by the pair of rollers 181.

[0024] Also, on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical part 11, a flange part 117 is provided near the end on the discharge port 112 side. Similar to the flange part 116, the flange part 117 is also an annular plate member centered on the central axis J1 and is rotatably supported by a pair of rollers 182. In the gasification device 1, a rotating mechanism 183 having a motor and a speed reducer is connected to the roller 181. By the rotating mechanism 183 of the rotating part 18 rotating the roller 181, the rotating cylindrical part 11 continuously rotates about the central axis J1. The rotation speed of the rotating cylindrical part 11 is, for example, constant. The structure for rotating the rotating cylindrical part 11 may be appropriately changed.

[0025] The outer cylinder part 121 of the heating part 12 is cylindrical with the central axis J1 as the center and is formed of, for example, metal or alloy. The outer cylinder part 121 is a fixed body that does not rotate. The outer cylinder part 121 surrounds the rotating cylindrical part 11 between the two flange parts 116 and 117 and forms a cylindrical space 120 between it and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical part 11. The width between the rotating cylindrical part 11 and the outer cylinder part 121 in the radial direction centered on the central axis J1, that is, the width of the cylindrical space 120, is substantially constant over the entire length. Annular walls 21 and 22 are provided at both ends of the outer cylinder part 121 in the axial direction. Each annular wall 21 and 22 is an annular member centered on the central axis J1 and protrudes from the outer cylinder part 121 toward the rotating cylindrical part 11. The end faces of the annular walls 21 and 22 on the rotating cylindrical part 11 side are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical part 11 via, for example, a sliding member. Thereby, a seal structure is formed between the annular walls 21 and 22 and the rotating cylindrical part 11.

[0026] The outer cylinder part 121 is formed with an outlet 23 and an inlet 24. The outlet 23 is provided near the annular wall 21 on the supply port 111 side and is connected to the cylindrical space 120. The inlet 24 is provided near the annular wall 22 on the discharge port 112 side and is connected to the cylindrical space 120. High-temperature gas is supplied to the inlet 24 from the residue combustion part 122 in FIG. 1. The temperature of the high-temperature gas at the inlet 24 is, for example, 900 - 1100 °C. The high-temperature gas flows through the cylindrical space 120 and is discharged from the outlet 23. The outer peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical part 11 is heated by the high-temperature gas flowing through the cylindrical space 120. Depending on the design of the gasification device 1, another annular wall may be provided between the annular walls 21 and 22, and the cylindrical space 120 may be divided into two spaces in the axial direction. In this case, inlets and outlets are provided in each space, and the high-temperature gas flows through the space. Thereby, it becomes possible to heat separately the half on the supply port 111 side and the half on the discharge port 112 side of the rotary cylindrical part 11. The cylindrical space 120 may be divided into three or more spaces.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 1, the object to be processed supply part 13 includes an object to be processed storage part 130, first and second screw feeders 131 and 132, and a chute part 134. The object to be processed storage part 130 is a hopper and stores the object to be processed before being put into the rotary cylindrical part 11. An imaging part 136 is provided inside the object to be processed storage part 130. One end of an auxiliary line 81 is connected to the object to be processed storage part 130, and the other end of the auxiliary line 81 is connected to the residue combustion part 122. A damper 811 is provided on the auxiliary line 81, and the damper 811 can open and close the auxiliary line 81. As will be described later, the auxiliary line 81 is used when backflow of the pyrolysis gas occurs.

[0028] Each screw feeder 131, 132 includes a rotation mechanism 31, a pipe, and a screw 32. The screw 32 is disposed within the pipe. The pipe and the screw 32 of the first screw feeder 131 extend in a substantially horizontal direction from the lower part of the object to be processed storage section 130. The upper end of the chute section 134 is connected to the end of the pipe on the side opposite to the object to be processed storage section 130. The chute section 134 extends downward from the pipe of the first screw feeder 131, and the lower end of the chute section 134 is connected to one end of the pipe of the second screw feeder 132. The pipe and the screw 32 of the second screw feeder 132 extend along the axial direction. The other end of the pipe and the screw 32 is disposed near the supply port 111 of the rotary cylindrical section 11 (see FIG. 2).

[0029] The rotation mechanism 31 of each screw feeder 131, 132 has a motor and a speed reducer, and rotates the screw 32. Thereby, the object to be processed in the object to be processed storage section 130 is conveyed to the supply port 111 of the rotary cylindrical section 11 through the first screw feeder 131, the chute section 134, and the second screw feeder 132, and is supplied into the rotary cylindrical section 11. The supply of the object to be processed into the rotary cylindrical section 11 by the object to be processed supply section 13 may be continuous or intermittent. In the second screw feeder 132 of FIG. 2, the screw shaft 321 of the screw 32 is hollow. An introduction pipe 141, which will be described later, is disposed in the hollow portion of the screw shaft 321. The introduction pipe 141 extends along the central axis J1.

[0030] The stirring section 15 is provided within the rotary cylindrical section 11. The stirring section 15 is fixed to the rotary cylindrical section 11. That is, when the rotary cylindrical section 11 rotates about the central axis J1, the stirring section 15 also rotates. The stirring section 15 has a pyrolysis section 151 and a reforming section 152. The pyrolysis section 151 is provided on the supply port 111 side, and the reforming section 152 is provided on the discharge port 112 side.

[0031] The thermal decomposition unit 151 includes a partition plate 41 and a guide unit 42. The partition plate 41 is a plate member parallel to the central axis J1 and is disposed on the central axis J1. Both ends of the partition plate 41 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis J1 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11. The internal space of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 as viewed along the central axis J1 is bisected by the partition plate 41. The plate thickness (thickness between the main surfaces) of the partition plate 41 is relatively large, and a through hole 411 is provided on the central axis J1. An introduction pipe 141 is inserted into the through hole 411.

[0032] The guide unit 42 includes a plurality of linear protrusions 421. Some of the linear protrusions 421 protrude from one main surface of the partition plate 41, and the remaining linear protrusions 421 protrude from the other main surface of the partition plate 41. The linear protrusions 421 provided on each main surface of the partition plate 41 are parallel to each other. In the example of FIG. 2, all the linear protrusions 421 on each main surface of the partition plate 41 extend in the same direction inclined with respect to the axial direction. In FIG. 2, when the partition plate 41 is rotated 180 degrees about the central axis J1, the linear protrusions 421 disposed on the front side are indicated by a two-dot chain line. The inclination direction of the linear protrusions 421 of the two-dot chain line is opposite to the inclination direction of the solid-line linear protrusions 421 (the direction inverted with respect to the central axis J1). That is, the plurality of protrusions 421 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the partition plate 41.

[0033] The partition plate 41 rotates about the central axis J1 as the rotating cylindrical portion 11 rotates. When the orientation of one main surface of the partition plate 41 switches from upward to downward during the rotation of the partition plate 41, the object to be processed on the main surface slides down along the linear protrusions 421 and is sent toward the supply port 111. That is, the main surface and the linear protrusions 421 thereon have a reverse feed structure that moves the object to be processed in the direction from the discharge port 112 to the supply port 111. Note that the object to be processed in the rotating cylindrical portion 11 is an object to be processed during the process and is finally discharged from the discharge port 112 as a residue. However, in the following description, the object to be processed during the process is also referred to as the "object to be processed". By repeating the movement of the object to be processed toward the supply port 111, the object to be processed collides with the supply-side annular portion 114 at the lower part of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 (the lower part in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction) and stays near the partition plate 41.

[0034] Also, when the orientation of the other main surface of the partition plate 41 switches from upward to downward, the workpiece on the main surface slides down along the linear protrusion 421 and is sent to the side opposite to the supply port 111 (the discharge port 112 side). That is, the main surface and the linear protrusion 421 thereon have a forward feeding structure that moves the workpiece in the direction from the supply port 111 to the discharge port 112. By repeating the movement of the workpiece toward the discharge port 112 side, the workpiece collides with the intermediate restricting portion 113 described later and tends to stay near the partition plate 41. As described above, in the guide portion 42, some workpieces are sent toward the supply port 111 side in one rotation angle range of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, and some other workpieces are sent to the side opposite to the supply port 111 in another rotation angle range of the rotary cylindrical portion 11. As a result, the workpieces reciprocate (circulate) between the vicinity of both ends of the partition plate 41 in the axial direction, and the workpieces stay in the pyrolysis portion 151.

[0035] As described above, the rotary cylindrical portion 11 is heated by the high-temperature gas flowing through the cylindrical space 120. In the pyrolysis portion 151, pyrolysis occurs by heating the workpiece at a temperature of, for example, 400 °C or higher (preferably 700 °C or lower), and pyrolysis gas, char, tar, incombustibles, etc. are generated. The discharge port 112 is depressurized by an induction fan (not shown), and in principle, the pyrolysis gas flows toward the discharge port 112. The pyrolysis gas also contains particles of char and incombustible dust. The workpiece in the process of being processed that is not contained in the pyrolysis gas (including the generated char, etc.) stays in the pyrolysis portion 151. When the workpiece is supplied from the workpiece supply portion 13, a part of the workpiece staying in the pyrolysis portion 151 is pushed out beyond the intermediate restricting portion 113 toward the reforming portion 152 side (the discharge port 112 side).

[0036] As described above, the intermediate restricting portion 113 is provided between the pyrolysis portion 151 and the reforming portion 152 inside the rotating cylindrical portion 11. The intermediate restricting portion 113 is an annular member and is formed of, for example, metal or ceramic. The outer peripheral edge of the intermediate restricting portion 113 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 over the entire circumference. The intermediate restricting portion 113 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. The height of the intermediate restricting portion 113 from the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 (the height of the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate restricting portion 113 in the direction perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11) is substantially constant over the entire circumference. In the example of FIG. 2, the height of the intermediate restricting portion 113 is equal to or less than the height of the supply-side annular portion 114 and equal to or greater than the height of the discharge-side annular portion 115. At the position of the intermediate restricting portion 113 in the axial direction, the movement path of the pyrolysis gas and the object to be treated inside the rotating cylindrical portion 11 is restricted to the circular region inside the intermediate restricting portion 113. In other words, when the intermediate restricting portion 113 serves as a weir at the lower part of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, the movement of the object to be treated from the pyrolysis portion 151 to the reforming portion 152 is restricted.

[0037] The reforming portion 152 is provided between the intermediate restricting portion 113 and the residue transfer portion 50 inside the rotating cylindrical portion 11. The reforming portion 152 has, for example, the same structure as the pyrolysis portion 151 and includes a partition plate 43 and a guide portion 44. The guide portion 44 includes a plurality of linear protrusions 441. Some of the linear protrusions 441 protrude from one main surface of the partition plate 43, and the remaining linear protrusions 441 protrude from the other main surface of the partition plate 43. When the direction of one main surface of the partition plate 43 is switched from upward to downward during the rotation of the partition plate 43, the object to be treated on the main surface slides along the linear protrusions 441 and falls so as to be sent to the pyrolysis portion 151 side (supply port 111 side). At this time, when the intermediate restricting portion 113 serves as a weir at the lower part of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, a certain amount of the object to be treated stays in the space between the intermediate restricting portion 113 and the reforming portion 152. The main surface of the partition plate 43 and the linear protrusions 441 on the main surface have a reverse feed structure for moving the object to be treated in the direction from the discharge port 112 to the supply port 111.

[0038] Also, when the orientation of the other main surface of the partition plate 43 switches from upward to downward, the object to be processed on the main surface is sent to the residue transfer section 50 side (discharge port 112 side) by the linear protrusion 441. As will be described later, in the residue transfer section 50, a certain amount of the object to be processed stays, and a part of the object to be processed sent to the residue transfer section 50 side is mixed with the object to be processed staying in the residue transfer section 50. The main surface of the partition plate 43 and the linear protrusion 441 on the main surface have a forward feed structure that moves the object to be processed in the direction from the supply port 111 to the discharge port 112.

[0039] As described above, in the guide section 44, the object to be processed is sent toward the pyrolysis section 151 in one rotation angle range of the rotary cylindrical section 11, and the object to be processed is sent to the side opposite to the pyrolysis section 151 in another rotation angle range of the rotary cylindrical section 11. As a result, while the object to be processed reciprocates (circulates) between the vicinity of both ends of the partition plate 43 in the axial direction, the object to be processed stays in the reforming section 152. The gasification device 1 has a horizontal mechanical internal circulation flow system with a structure that feeds the object to be processed forward and backward in the rotary cylindrical section 11.

[0040] The mixed gas introduction section 14 includes an introduction pipe 141 and a mixed gas supply section 142. As described above, the introduction pipe 141 passes through the hollow portion of the screw shaft 321 of the second screw feeder 132 and the through hole 411 of the partition plate 41. The mixed gas supply section 142 is connected to one end of the introduction pipe 141 outside the rotary cylindrical section 11. A jet outlet 143 is provided at the other end of the introduction pipe 141 disposed in the vicinity of the reforming section 152 inside the rotary cylindrical section 11. For example, the jet outlet 143 is disposed between the pyrolysis section 151 and the reforming section 152 in the axial direction.

[0041] The mixed gas supply unit 142 supplies a mixed gas containing an oxygen-containing gas and steam to the introduction pipe 141, so that the mixed gas is ejected from the ejection port 143. The oxygen-containing gas is, for example, air or oxygen-enriched air, and in this embodiment, it is preheated high-temperature air. The temperature of the mixed gas is, for example, 200 to 300°C. In the reforming unit 152, the pyrolysis gas flowing toward the discharge port 112 is mixed (stirred) with the mixed gas and the object to be treated. As a result, the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas and the vapor of tar are partially burned (that is, a part of the pyrolysis gas burns). Also, the object to be treated is partially burned. Note that for heating the oxygen-containing gas and generating steam, heat such as the reformed gas generated by the gasifier 1 or the exhaust gas of a gas engine using the reformed gas may be used.

[0042] Due to the partial combustion of the pyrolysis gas and the object to be treated, the pyrolysis gas flowing through the reforming unit 152 and the object to be treated around the partition plate 43 are at a high temperature. Also, the mixed gas contains steam. As a result, hydrocarbon gases and the like contained in the pyrolysis gas are converted into gases such as hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) by a steam reforming reaction (that is, steam reformed). The tar and powdered char contained in the pyrolysis gas, as well as the char around the partition plate 43, are also steam reformed. Note that when a sufficient amount of char exists around the partition plate 43, a part of the tar and powdered char of the pyrolysis gas flowing through the reforming unit 152 are trapped in the pores and the like of the char around the partition plate 43.

[0043] As described above, in the reforming unit 152 to which the pyrolysis gas and the object to be treated are sent from the pyrolysis unit 151, reformed gas is generated by steam reforming the char contained in the pyrolysis gas and the object to be treated with partial combustion of the pyrolysis gas. The temperature of the pyrolysis gas and char in the reforming unit 152 is, for example, 700°C or higher, preferably 800°C or higher, and more preferably 900°C or higher. The temperature is, for example, 1100°C or lower. The reformed gas is discharged from the rotary cylindrical portion 11 through the discharge port 112.

[0044] As described above, the residue transfer unit 50 is provided between the stirring unit 15 (the reforming unit 152 thereof) and the discharge port 112 inside the rotating cylindrical portion 11. The residue transfer unit 50 includes a plurality of residue guiding units 5. The residue guiding unit 5 guides the object to be processed that has passed through the stirring unit 15 to the discharge port 112. The object to be processed is a residue remaining after the generation of pyrolysis gas (including reforming gas) in the stirring unit 15, and is hereinafter simply referred to as "residue". The residue includes incombustibles, generated char, and the like. On the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, the plurality of residue guiding units 5 are arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, four residue guiding units 5 are provided at 90-degree intervals. The number of residue guiding units 5 may be three or less, or five or more. Further, the plurality of residue guiding units 5 do not necessarily have to be arranged at equal angular intervals, and the intervals between the residue guiding units 5 in the circumferential direction may be appropriately changed.

[0045] FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams showing one residue guiding unit 5. In FIG. 3, the residue guiding unit 5 located at the lower part of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 in FIG. 2 is shown enlarged. In FIG. 4, the residue guiding unit 5 is shown as viewed axially along the discharge port 112 side. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the attachment portion 51 described later, and the configuration (the guiding member 52 described later) other than the attachment portion 51 in the residue guiding unit 5 in FIG. 3 is shown by a two-dot chain line. The other residue guiding units 5 also have the same structure as the residue guiding unit 5 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, and when the other residue guiding units 5 are located at the lower part of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, they are in the same state as FIGS. 3 to 5.

[0046] Each residue guiding unit 5 includes an attachment portion 51 and a guiding member 52. The attachment portion 51 is a long plate member extending in the axial direction (the horizontal direction in FIG. 5), and as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, has four surfaces along the axial direction. The four surfaces include two main surfaces facing each other and two side surfaces facing each other. One side surface of the attachment portion 51 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 by welding or the like. The two main surfaces of the attachment portion 51 extend along the radial direction and the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of attachment holes 511 are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction in the attachment portion 51. Each attachment hole 511 penetrates between the two main surfaces. The central axis of the attachment hole 511 is substantially perpendicular to the two main surfaces.

[0047] The guiding member 52 is a member attached to the mounting portion 51. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the guiding member 52 includes a guiding main body 53 and a plurality of guide plates 551, 552. The guiding main body 53 is a thin plate member, and two main surfaces of the guiding main body 53 extend along the radial direction and the axial direction at the position of the mounting portion 51. A plurality of guide plates 551, 552 are provided on one main surface 54 of the guiding main body 53. As will be described later, with the rotation of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, the residue is lifted (lifted) by the main surface 54. In the following description, the main surface 54 is referred to as the "lifting surface 54". In the guiding member 52, the entire lifting surface 54 is included in one plane.

[0048] In the example of FIG. 3, the outer shape of the guiding main body 53 is substantially L-shaped, and the guiding main body 53 has a first portion 531 extending in the axial direction and a second portion 532 extending in the radial direction from the end of the first portion 531. A plurality of mounting holes 533 are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction in the first portion 531 of the guiding main body 53. The arrangement pitch and size of the mounting holes 533 are the same as the arrangement pitch and size of the mounting holes 511 of the mounting portion 51. By overlapping two or more mounting holes 533 in the guiding main body 53 with the mounting holes 511 of the mounting portion 51 respectively and fastening nuts to the bolts inserted into the mounting holes 511, 533, the guiding member 52 is detachably attached to the mounting portion 51. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the illustration of the bolts and nuts is omitted. In the example of FIG. 3, the number of mounting holes 533 provided in the guiding main body 53 is the same as the number of mounting holes 511 provided in the mounting portion 51, and all the mounting holes 533 are respectively overlapped with all the mounting holes 511. The guiding main body 53 may be arranged to be shifted by an integral multiple of the arrangement pitch of the mounting holes 533 in the axial direction from the position shown in FIG. 3, and it is not necessary that all the mounting holes 533 are overlapped with all the mounting holes 511.

[0049] As described above, the plurality of guide plates 551 and 552 are provided on the lift surface 54 of the guide body 53. Each of the guide plates 551 and 552 is substantially perpendicular to the lift surface 54, projects from the lift surface 54, and extends along the radial direction. In the example of FIG. 3, one guide plate 552 is provided at the second portion 532 extending in the radial direction, and the remaining guide plates 551 are provided at the first portion 531 extending in the axial direction. In the following description, the guide plate 551 on the first portion 531 is referred to as the "first guide plate 551", and the guide plate 552 on the second portion 532 is referred to as the "second guide plate 552".

[0050] The plurality of first guide plates 551 are arranged at regular intervals in the axial direction on the first portion 531. In the example of FIG. 3, the first guide plates 551 are arranged at the same interval as the arrangement pitch of the mounting holes 533. Each first guide plate 551 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction. Specifically, the first guide plate 551 is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located on the discharge port 112 side as it moves away from the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 toward the central axis J1 (that is, as it moves toward the inner side in the radial direction). The second guide plate 552 extends in the radial direction on the second portion 532. Specifically, the second guide plate 552 extends along the edge on the side opposite to the discharge port 112 in the second portion 532. In the second guide plate 552, except for the portion inside the radial direction, it extends straight in the radial direction. The portion inside the radial direction is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located on the discharge port 112 side as it moves toward the inner side in the radial direction. In the second guide plate 552, the portion near the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 (the portion on the outer side in the radial direction) is located on the first portion 531.

[0051] As described above, on the discharge port 112 side of the residue guide portion 5, the discharge side annular portion 115 serves as a weir at the lower part of the rotary cylindrical portion 11. In FIG. 4 viewed from the discharge port 112 side toward the supply port 111 side, as indicated by the arrow A1, the rotary cylindrical portion 11 is rotating clockwise, and the residue staying in the lower part of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 is lifted by the lift surface 54. When the lift surface 54 becomes horizontal and further rotates, the height on the inner side in the radial direction on the lift surface 54 becomes lower than the height on the outer side in the radial direction (the inner peripheral surface side of the rotary cylindrical portion 11). As a result, the residue on the lift surface 54 slides down toward the inner side in the radial direction along the first and second guide plates 551 and 552.

[0052] As described above, in the first and second guide plates 551 and 552, all or part of them are inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located on the discharge port 112 side as they go toward the inner side in the radial direction. Therefore, the residue sliding down from the lift surface 54 is sent toward the discharge port 112 side. Actually, since the residue slides down from a position higher than the height of the discharge side annular portion 115 at the lower part of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, a part of the residue sliding down from the second part 532 is discharged into the discharge port 112. Since the width of the first part 531 in the radial direction is smaller than the width of the second part 532 and the amount of residue lifted by the first part 531 is small, the powder contained in the residue is suppressed from dancing at a position away from the discharge port 112.

[0053] The separation part 16 is connected to the discharge port 112. In the separation part 16 shown in FIG. 1, the reformed gas is led upward in the separation flow path 161, purified by the gas purification part 17, and then recovered. The purified gas may be supplied to a gas engine type generator. Further, the residue discharged from the discharge port 112 falls downward from the separation flow path 161 and is recovered in the residue storage part 162. The residue is sent from the residue storage part 162 to the residue combustion part 122, and the residue (mainly char) is burned in the residue combustion part 122. In the residue combustion part 122, high-temperature gas is generated by using the heat generated by the combustion of the char, and as described above, the high-temperature gas is used for heating the rotary cylindrical portion 11. The incombustible matter remaining after the combustion of the residue is discharged from the residue combustion part 122.

[0054] In the gasification device 1, other guiding members having a shape different from that of the guiding member 52 in FIG. 3 are also prepared. By replacing the guiding member, it is also possible to change the amount of residue guided to the discharge port 112 per unit time, that is, the discharge amount of the residue. FIG. 6 is a front view showing another guiding member 52a. In the guiding member 52a shown in FIG. 6, the length of the first part 531 of the guiding body 53 is shorter than that of the guiding member 52 in FIG. 3, and only one first guide plate 551 is provided. Other structures are the same as those of the guiding member 52 in FIG. 3. When the guiding member 52a in FIG. 6 is attached to the attachment part 51 in the rotary cylindrical part 11, the arrangement direction of the attachment holes 533 coincides with the axial direction (the same applies to other guiding members). When the guiding member 52a is used instead of the guiding member 52, the amount of residue sent to the discharge port 112 side by the first part 531 is less than that when the guiding member 52 is used. As a result, the discharge amount of the residue to the discharge port 112 also changes from the case where the guiding member 52 is used.

[0055] FIG. 7 is a front view showing still another guiding member 52b, and FIG. 8 is a side view showing the guiding member 52b. In the guiding member 52b shown in FIG. 7, the outer shape of the second part 532 is substantially triangular, and the area of the lift surface 54 in the second part 532 is larger than that of the guiding member 52 in FIG. 3. The second guide plate 552 extends along the left edge in FIG. 7 on the lift surface 54 of the second part 532. When the guiding member 52b is attached to the attachment part 51 in the rotary cylindrical part 11, the edge in the second part 532 becomes the edge on the side opposite to the discharge port 112. In the guiding member 52b, the first guide plate 551 is not provided. When the guiding member 52b is used instead of the guiding members 52 and 52a, since the area of the lift surface 54 in the second part 532 is large, the discharge amount of the residue to the discharge port 112 changes.

[0056] FIG. 9 is a front view showing yet another guiding member 52c, and FIG. 10 is a side view showing the guiding member 52c. As can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 7, in the guiding member 52c, the outer shape of the lift surface 54 as viewed along the central axis of the mounting hole 533 is substantially the same as that of the guiding member 52b. On the other hand, in the guiding member 52c, at the boundary between the first portion 531 and the second portion 532, the guiding body 53 bends to the side opposite to the second guide plate 552. That is, the second portion 532 is inclined with respect to the first portion 531. Therefore, when the guiding member 52c is attached to the attachment portion 51 in the rotary cylindrical portion 11 and viewed along the axial direction, the lift surface 54 has an inclined portion 541 that is inclined with respect to the first portion 531, and the inclined portion 541 is inclined with respect to the radial direction. When the guiding member 52c is used instead of the guiding member 52b, the rotation angle range of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 in which the residue slides off the lift surface 54 is different from that when the guiding member 52b is used, so the discharge amount of the residue to the discharge port 112 also changes.

[0057] FIG. 11 is a side view showing yet another guiding member 52d. In the guiding member 52d of FIG. 11, the inclination angle of the inclined portion 541 of the lift surface 54 with respect to the first portion 531 is different from that of the guiding member 52c of FIG. 10. Other structures are the same as those of the guiding member 52c of FIG. 10. When the guiding member 52d is used instead of the guiding member 52c, the rotation angle range of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 in which the residue slides off the lift surface 54 is different from that when the guiding member 52c is used, so the discharge amount of the residue to the discharge port 112 also changes.

[0058] In addition, the change in the discharge amount of the residue can also be achieved by changing the attachment positions of the guiding members 52, 52a to 52d with respect to the attachment portion 51. For example, when attaching the guiding member 52b in FIG. 7 to the attachment portion 51, in the example shown in FIG. 12A, the guiding member 52b is fixed using the first and second attachment holes 511 from the attachment hole 511 closest to the discharge port 112 side in the attachment portion 51 and facing away from the discharge port 112. In the example shown in FIG. 12B, the guiding member 52b is fixed using the second and third attachment holes 511. Thus, in the attachment portion 51, a plurality of attachment positions shifted in the axial direction are set, and as in the examples of FIGS. 12A and 12B, the attachment position for attaching the guiding member 52b can be changed. Since the distance between the guiding member 52b and the discharge port 112 in the axial direction is different between the two, the discharge amount of the residue to the discharge port 112 also changes.

[0059] As described above, the gasification device 1 has a cylindrical shape centered on the central axis J1, a rotating cylindrical portion 11 that rotates about the central axis J1, a stirring portion 15 that stirs the object to be processed within the rotating cylindrical portion 11 as the rotating cylindrical portion 11 rotates, and a heating portion 12 that heats the object to be processed stirred by the stirring portion 15 by heating the rotating cylindrical portion 11 to generate pyrolysis gas from the object to be processed. Further, a residue guiding portion 5 is provided between the stirring portion 15 and the discharge port 112 within the rotating cylindrical portion 11, and the residue of the object to be processed that has passed through the stirring portion 15 is guided to the discharge port 112 by the residue guiding portion 5. The residue guiding portion 5 includes an attachment portion 51 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, and a guiding member (in the above example, any one of the guiding members 52, 52a to 52d) that is detachably attached to the attachment portion 51 and guides the residue into the discharge port 112 as the rotating cylindrical portion 11 rotates.

[0060] In the gasification device 1, by replacing the guiding member with another guiding member having a different shape, or by changing the mounting position of the guiding member at the mounting portion 51, the discharge amount of the residue into the discharge port 112 can be changed. Thereby, according to the proportion, size, etc. of the incombustibles in the object to be processed actually input into the gasification device 1, the discharge amount of the residue can be appropriately adjusted. As a result, it is possible to avoid excessive retention of incombustibles near the discharge port 112 of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, and it is possible to prevent or suppress the pyrolysis gas from flowing back through the supply port 111 to the object to be processed storage portion 130. Also, it is possible to prevent or suppress a decrease in the gasification rate of the object to be processed due to excessive discharge of the residue. Note that in the plurality of residue guiding portions 5, the types of the guiding members may be different.

[0061] Preferably, in the rotary cylindrical portion 11, an annular surface 115a that extends from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface toward the central axis J1 is provided, and the discharge port 112 is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface 115a. Further, the guiding member includes a guiding body 53 having a lift surface 54 that extends along the radial direction and the axial direction at the position of the mounting portion 51. Thereby, in the gasification device 1 provided with a step (weir) for retaining the residue at the discharge port 112, the residue can be more reliably discharged from the discharge port 112.

[0062] More preferably, the guiding member further includes guide plates 551 and 552 that protrude from the lift surface 54 of the guiding body 53 and extend along the radial direction, and at least the inner portion in the radial direction of the guide plates 551 and 552 is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be located on the discharge port 112 side as it goes toward the inner side in the radial direction. Thereby, the residue can be more reliably guided to the discharge port 112 side.

[0063] Further, when viewed along the axial direction, the lift surface 54 may have an inclined portion 541 that is inclined with respect to the radial direction. Thereby, according to the inclination angle of the inclined portion 541, the rotation angle range of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 where the residue slides off from the lift surface 54 can be changed, and the discharge amount of the residue to the discharge port 112 formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface 115a can be easily changed.

[0064] In the residue guiding portion 5, a plurality of guiding members may be attached to the attachment portion 51. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the residue guiding portion 5, in which two guiding members 52a and 52b are attached to the attachment portion 51. In the example of FIG. 13, the guiding member 52b is disposed on the side of the discharge port 112, and the guiding member 52a is disposed on the side of the stirring portion 15 (opposite to the discharge port 112). The residue sent from the stirring portion 15 is sent to the side of the discharge port 112 by the guiding member 52a, and then is guided into the discharge port 112 by the guiding member 52b. In this way, by combining and using any of the plurality of types of guiding members 52, 52a to 52d, it becomes possible to more appropriately adjust the discharge amount of the residue. Three or more guiding members may be attached to the attachment portion 51, and a plurality of guiding members of the same type may be attached.

[0065] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing still another example of the residue guiding portion 5. In the residue guiding portion 5 of FIG. 14, a return member 56 is provided instead of the guiding member 52a in the residue guiding portion 5 of FIG. 13. The return member 56 has, for example, a shape obtained by horizontally inverting the guiding member 52a of FIG. 6. The return member 56 includes a return main body 57 and a plurality of guide plates 591 and 592, similar to the guiding member 52a. The return main body 57 has a first portion 571 extending in the axial direction and a second portion 572 extending in the radial direction from the end of the first portion 571. A plurality of mounting holes 573 are arranged in the axial direction at the same intervals as the mounting holes 511 of the mounting portion 51 in the first portion 571. The return member 56 is detachably attached to the attachment portion 51 using the mounting holes 573.

[0066] The plurality of guide plates 591 and 592 are provided on the lift surface 58 which is one of the main surfaces of the return body 57. The first guide plate 591 is provided on the first part 571, and the second guide plate 592 is provided on the second part 572. The first guide plate 591 is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be positioned on the side of the stirring part 15 as it moves away from the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical part 11 (that is, as it moves toward the inner side in the radial direction). The second guide plate 592 extends along the edge on the discharge port 112 side in the second part 592. In the second guide plate 592, except for the part on the inner side in the radial direction, it extends straight in the radial direction. The part on the inner side in the radial direction is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be positioned on the side of the stirring part 15 as it moves toward the inner side in the radial direction. Thus, in the guide plates 591 and 592 of the return member 56, at least the part on the inner side in the radial direction is inclined with respect to the radial direction so as to be positioned on the side of the stirring part 15 as it moves toward the inner side in the radial direction. In the return member 56, the residue that slides off from the lift surface 58 as the rotary cylindrical part 11 rotates is sent toward the stirring part 15 side.

[0067] As described above, the residue guiding part 5 in FIG. 14 further includes a return member 56 that is detachably attached to the attachment part 51. The return member 56 is disposed between the stirring part 15 and the guiding member (in the above, the guiding member 52b), and as the rotary cylindrical part 11 rotates, a part of the residue is returned to the stirring part 15 side. Thereby, the residence time of the object to be processed in the stirring part 15 can be lengthened, and the gasification rate of the object to be processed can be improved. The shape of the return member 56 may be appropriately changed in the same manner as the guiding members 52, 52a to 52d.

[0068] In the gasification device 1, since the discharge amount of the residue can be appropriately adjusted, it is possible to prevent or suppress the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotary cylindrical part 11 from flowing backward into the object to be processed storage part 130 due to excessive retention of the residue. On the other hand, even if the pyrolysis gas flows backward into the object to be processed storage part 130, the gasification device 1 can appropriately discharge the pyrolysis gas from the object to be processed storage part 130. Hereinafter, a method for discharging the pyrolysis gas that has flowed backward from the object to be processed storage part 130 will be described.

[0069] As described above, in the gasification device 1 of FIG. 1, the imaging unit 136 is provided inside the object to be processed storage unit 130. The image acquired by the imaging unit 136 is output to the control unit 10. In the control unit 10, for example, a discriminator (trained model) constructed by machine learning is prepared in advance, and the presence or absence of the inflow (backflow) of the pyrolysis gas into the object to be processed storage unit 130 is detected from the image using the discriminator. Usually, the pyrolysis gas flowing into the object to be processed storage unit 130 is white smoke, and the discriminator detects the presence or absence of the white smoke. In this way, by the cooperation of the imaging unit 136 and the control unit 10, a detection unit for detecting the inflow of the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotating cylindrical portion 11 into the object to be processed storage unit 130 is realized.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 1, a pressure sensor 137 is provided near the supply port 111 of the rotating cylindrical portion 11, and the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the object to be processed storage unit 130 may be indirectly detected based on the measured value of the pressure sensor 137. When the pyrolysis gas flows into the object to be processed storage unit 130, the pressure near the supply port 111 becomes higher than a predetermined value. As described above, in the gasification device 1 of FIG. 1, a detection unit including the imaging unit 136 and / or the pressure sensor 137 is used. The detection unit for detecting the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the object to be processed storage unit 130 may be realized by other configurations.

[0071] When the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the object to be processed storage unit 130 is detected, the supply of the object to be processed into the rotating cylindrical portion 11 by the object to be processed supply unit 13 is stopped under the control of the control unit 10. Also, the damper 811 of the auxiliary line 81 is opened. Thereby, the pyrolysis gas is sent from the object to be processed storage unit 130 to the residue combustion unit 122 via the auxiliary line 81. In a preferred gasification device 1, as shown in FIG. 1, an inert gas supply line 82 is provided, and in addition to the opening of the auxiliary line 81, an inert gas is supplied from the inert gas supply line 82 into the object to be processed supply unit 13 (for example, into the object to be processed storage unit 130 and the chute unit 134). Thereby, it becomes possible to quickly discharge the pyrolysis gas that has flowed into the object to be processed storage unit 130 to the residue combustion unit 122. The inert gas is, for example, nitrogen gas. The inert gas may be other types of gas.

[0072] As described above, the gasification device 1 includes a workpiece supply unit 13 that is connected to the supply port 111 of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 and supplies the workpiece stored in the workpiece storage unit 130 into the rotary cylindrical portion 11; a detection unit (for example, the imaging unit 136, etc.) that detects the inflow of the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotary cylindrical portion 11 into the workpiece storage unit 130; an auxiliary line 81 that is openable and closable and connects the workpiece storage unit 130 and the residue combustion unit 122 of the heating unit 12; and a control unit 10 that opens the auxiliary line 81 when the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the workpiece storage unit 130 is detected, thereby sending the pyrolysis gas from the workpiece storage unit 130 to the residue combustion unit 122. Thereby, even if the pyrolysis gas flows backward into the workpiece storage unit 130 by any chance, it becomes possible to appropriately discharge the pyrolysis gas from the workpiece storage unit 130.

[0073] In the gasification device 1 described above, various modifications are possible.

[0074] The guiding members 52, 52a to 52d shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and FIGS. 6 to 11 are merely examples, and guiding members of other shapes may be used. FIG. 15 is a front view showing another guiding member 52e, and FIG. 16 is a side view showing the guiding member 52e. In the guiding member 52e shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the guiding body 53 is substantially rectangular, and a plurality of guide plates 553 extending in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the mounting holes 533 are provided on the lifting surface 54. When viewed along the axial direction in a state where the guiding member 52e is attached to the attachment portion 51 in the rotary cylindrical portion 11, the lifting surface 54 has an inclined portion 541 that inclines toward the guide plate 553 side. Even when the guiding member 52e is used, it is possible to lift the residue in the vicinity of the discharge port 112 and guide it to the discharge port 112. In the guiding member, the lifting surface 54 of the guiding body 53 does not necessarily have to be parallel to the axial direction, and may be inclined with respect to the axial direction. Further, the lifting surface 54 may be a curved surface, and the guide plates 551 to 553 may be curved. The same applies to the lifting surface 58 of the return member 56 and the guide plates 591 and 592.

[0075] The attachment portion 51 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 5. For example, a block-shaped member extending in the axial direction may be fixed by welding to the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, and a plurality of screw holes may be formed in the surface facing the radially inner side of the member, whereby the attachment portion 51 may be formed. In this case, in the guiding body 53 of the guiding member, for example, a plate-shaped portion perpendicular to the radial direction and extending in the axial direction is provided, and an attachment hole is formed in the portion. Depending on the wall thickness of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, a plurality of screw holes may be directly formed in the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 and treated as the attachment portion 51. It is also possible to fix a plurality of bolts to the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 by welding and use the plurality of bolts as the attachment portion 51. Thus, the attachment portion 51 can be realized in various modes.

[0076] The central axis J1 of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 is preferably horizontal. However, as long as the object to be processed is stirred inside by rotation about the central axis J1 of the rotary cylindrical portion 11, the central axis J1 may be inclined to some extent. The inclination angle of the central axis J1 with respect to the horizontal direction is preferably 10° or less. The rotary cylindrical portion 11 only needs to be cylindrical about the central axis J1 and is not limited to a cylindrical shape. The supply port 111 for the object to be processed of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 may be provided in various modes as long as it is provided at one end in the axial direction. Preferably, the supply port 111 is provided on the central axis J1.

[0077] Similarly, the discharge port 112 may be provided in various modes as long as it is provided at the other end in the axial direction of the rotary cylindrical portion 11. Preferably, the discharge port 112 is provided on the central axis J1. For example, when the discharge-side annular portion 115 is omitted and an end face portion perpendicular to the axial direction is provided in the rotary cylindrical portion 11, an opening provided on the central axis J1 of the end face portion may be the discharge port 112. Also in this case, similar to the case where the discharge-side annular portion 115 is provided, an annular surface that expands from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 toward the central axis J1 is provided, and it can be considered that the discharge port 112 is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface. Depending on the design of the gasification device 1, the edge of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 may be the edge of the discharge port 112. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylindrical portion 11 perpendicular to the central axis J1 is the same as the opening area of the discharge port 112.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the residue combustion part 122 of the heating part 12 recovers thermal energy by burning the residue led from the residue storage part 162, generates high-temperature gas with this thermal energy, and heats the rotary cylindrical part 11. The thermal energy recovered by the residue combustion part 122 may be used for heating the rotary cylindrical part 11 by other methods. For example, the residue combustion part 122 may be arranged below the rotary cylindrical part 11, and the combustion heat may be directly used for heating the rotary cylindrical part 11. Further, the thermal energy recovered by the residue combustion part 122 may be used for other purposes. That is, the residue combustion part 122 may be a component independent of the heating part 12. In this case, the rotary cylindrical part 11 is heated by another heating device without being related to the residue combustion part 122. Furthermore, only a part of the thermal energy obtained from the residue combustion part 122 may be used for heating the rotary cylindrical part 11. The heating part 12 for heating the object to be processed in the rotary cylindrical part 11 can be provided in various forms.

[0079] In the above embodiment, indirect heating by the high-temperature gas flowing through the cylindrical space 120 is performed in both the pyrolysis part 151 and the reforming part 152. However, in the reforming part 152 that utilizes the heat of partial combustion of the pyrolysis gas, the indirect heating by the high-temperature gas may be omitted. When the required temperature in the reforming part 152 can be ensured only by indirect heating, partial combustion in the reforming part 152 may be omitted. In the reforming part 152, a reforming catalyst (for example, a nickel-based reforming catalyst) may be installed to perform reforming for decomposing tar in the pyrolysis gas. When installing a reforming catalyst (for example, a nickel-based reforming catalyst), it is not necessary to supply steam.

[0080] The above gasification device has a stirring unit 15 that includes a pyrolysis unit 151 and a reforming unit 152 in order from the supply port 111 to the discharge port 112. However, the stirring unit 15 does not necessarily need to be clearly divided into the pyrolysis unit 151 and the reforming unit 152. Also, the reforming unit 152 may be omitted in the stirring unit 15, and in this case, the mixed gas introduction unit 14 is omitted. The stirring unit 15 only needs to have a function of stirring the object to be processed within the rotating cylindrical portion 11. Preferably, the stirring unit 15 is fixed within the rotating cylindrical portion 11, and the object to be processed is stirred by using the rotation of the stirring unit 15 due to the rotation of the rotating cylindrical portion 11 and gravity.

[0081] The reformed gas obtained by the gasification device 1 may be used in a power generation device of a gas turbine type or a fuel cell (such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)) type in addition to a gas engine. Further, the reformed gas may be used for various purposes as fuel gas, and may also be used as liquid fuel by converting it into a liquid.

[0082] The configurations in the above embodiments and each modification may be appropriately combined as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0083] 1 Gasification device 5 Residue guiding portion 10 Control portion 11 Rotating cylindrical portion 12 Heating portion 13 Object to be processed supply portion 15 Stirring portion 51 Mounting portion 52, 52a~52e Guiding members 53 Guiding body 54 Lifting surface 56 Returning member 81 Auxiliary line 111 Supply port 112 Discharge port 115a Annular surface (of the discharge side annular portion) 122 Residue combustion portion 130 Object to be processed storage portion 136 Imaging portion 137 Pressure sensor 541 Inclined part 551 - 553 Guide plate J1 Central axis

Claims

1. A gasification device for gasifying a material to be processed, comprising: a rotating cylindrical portion that is cylindrical about a central axis, with a supply port for the material to be processed provided at one end in the axial direction parallel to the central axis and a discharge port provided at the other end, and that rotates about the central axis; a stirring portion provided within the rotating cylindrical portion for stirring the material to be processed within the rotating cylindrical portion as the rotating cylindrical portion rotates; a heating portion for heating the material to be processed stirred by the stirring portion by heating the rotating cylindrical portion to generate pyrolysis gas from the material to be processed; a residue guiding portion provided between the stirring portion and the discharge port within the rotating cylindrical portion for guiding the residue of the material to be processed that has passed through the stirring portion to the discharge port; and comprising: wherein the residue guiding portion comprises a mounting portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylindrical portion; and a guiding member that is detachably attached to the mounting portion and guides the residue into the discharge port as the rotating cylindrical portion rotates; a gasification device.

2. The gasification device according to Claim 1, wherein the discharge amount of the residue into the discharge port can be changed by replacing the guiding member with another guiding member having a different shape.

3. The gasification device according to Claim 1, wherein a plurality of mounting positions shifted in the axial direction are set in the mounting portion, and the discharge amount of the residue into the discharge port can be changed by changing the mounting position for attaching the guiding member.

4. The gasification device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the residue guiding portion further comprises a returning member that is detachably attached to the mounting portion, the returning member is disposed between the stirring portion and the guiding member, and as the rotating cylindrical portion rotates, the returning member returns a part of the residue to the stirring portion side.

5. The gasification device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein in the rotating cylindrical portion, an annular surface that expands from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface toward the central axis is provided, and the discharge port is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface; wherein the guiding member comprises a guiding body having a lift surface that extends in the radial direction and the axial direction at the position of the mounting portion; and a guide plate that protrudes from the lift surface of the guiding body and extends along the radial direction; and comprising: A gasification device in which at least the inner part in the radial direction of the guide plate is inclined with respect to the radial direction so that it is located on the discharge port side as it goes toward the inner side in the radial direction.

6. The gasification device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, in the rotating cylindrical part, an annular surface that extends from the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface toward the central axis is provided, and the discharge port is formed by the inner peripheral edge of the annular surface, the guiding member includes a guiding body having a lift surface that extends along the radial direction and the axial direction at the position of the mounting part, a gasification device in which the lift surface has an inclined part that is inclined with respect to the radial direction when viewed along the axial direction.

7. The gasification device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, a workpiece supply unit that is connected to the supply port of the rotating cylindrical part and supplies the workpiece stored in the storage unit into the rotating cylindrical part, a detection unit that detects the inflow of the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotating cylindrical part into the storage unit, an auxiliary line that is openable and closable and connects the storage unit and a residue combustion unit provided in the heating unit, a control unit that, when the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the storage unit is detected, opens the auxiliary line to send the pyrolysis gas from the storage unit to the residue combustion unit, further comprising, a gasification device in which the residue combustion unit burns the residue discharged from the discharge port of the rotating cylindrical part.

8. A gasification device for gasifying a workpiece, a rotating cylindrical part that is cylindrical with a central axis as the center, has a supply port for the workpiece provided at one end in the axial direction parallel to the central axis, has a discharge port provided at the other end, and rotates around the central axis, a workpiece supply unit that is connected to the supply port of the rotating cylindrical part and supplies the workpiece stored in the storage unit into the rotating cylindrical part, a stirring unit provided in the rotating cylindrical part that stirs the workpiece in the rotating cylindrical part when the rotating cylindrical part rotates, a heating unit that heats the workpiece stirred by the stirring unit by heating the rotating cylindrical part to generate pyrolysis gas from the workpiece, a detection unit that detects the inflow of the pyrolysis gas generated in the rotating cylindrical part into the storage unit, an auxiliary line that is openable and closable and connects the storage unit and a residue combustion unit provided in the heating unit, When the inflow of the pyrolysis gas into the storage unit is detected, a control unit that opens the auxiliary line to send the pyrolysis gas from the storage unit to the residue combustion unit, comprising, wherein the residue combustion unit is a gasification device that burns the residue of the object to be processed discharged from the discharge port of the rotary cylindrical portion.

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