Composite segment

Abstract

To provide a composite segment having a wider width in the tunnel axis direction, which is materialized with a structure configured to function as a composite unit with respect to a sectional force also in the tunnel axis direction.SOLUTION: A composite segment is constituted of a steel shell 1 and infilled concrete 2 filled in the steel shell 1, in an approximate arc shape along a natural ground of a tunnel in a side view, The steel shell 1 is constituted of girders 4, 4 arranged in a circumferential direction of the tunnel; joint plates 5, 5 arranged respectively between ends of the girders 4, 4: multiple longitudinal ribs 6,... arranged between the girders 4, 4; and a skin plate 8 arranged on an outer face side of the grid-shape frame 7 constituted of the girders 4, 4, the joint plates 5, 5 and the longitudinal ribs 6,... A pair of inner flanges 10, 10 are symmetrically fitted to facing side-surfaces of the girders 4, 4. The infilled concrete 2 has no reinforcement bars. Reinforcement ribs 9 are fitted to the longitudinal ribs 6,... Fall-prevention bars 12 are arranged inside the infilled concrete 2 for a purpose of preventing the infilled concrete 2 from falling off.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a synthetic segment used as a lining material for a shield tunnel. In particular, the entire width direction of the segment forms a synthetic structure, and it functions as a synthetic structure not only for the sectional force in the circumferential direction of the tunnel but also for the sectional force in the axial direction of the shield tunnel, so that a wide synthetic segment in the axial direction of the shield tunnel can be provided.

Background Art

[0002] The lining of a shield tunnel (hereinafter referred to as "tunnel") is generally constructed by assembling divided lining materials called segments in the tunnel and fastening them with joints. For this reason, the larger the number of segments during lining, the greater the construction man-hours, and also the number of joints increases, resulting in problems such as a high risk of water leakage.

[0003] Therefore, in recent years, segments that are wide in the axial direction of the tunnel have been frequently used. Conventionally, the width of the segment was about 1.5 m, but recently there are also cases where segments with a width of 2.0 m are used.

[0004] In addition, for the lining of a tunnel that particularly requires high strength, a synthetic segment, which is a composite structural material of steel and concrete, is used. As this type of synthetic segment, a synthetic segment composed of a steel shell and the filling concrete inside the steel shell is known.

[0005] The steel shell is formed into a frame body in a rectangular frame shape from a pair of side plates (main girders) and a pair of joint plates arranged in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel, respectively, and a skin plate arranged on the outer surface side (the ground side of the tunnel) of the frame body. It is formed in a substantially arc shape in side view along the ground of the tunnel. In particular, the skin plate is arranged on the outer surface side of the frame body, or on both the outer surface side and the inner surface side. The former is called a five-sided steel shell synthetic segment, and the latter is called a six-sided steel shell synthetic segment.

[0006] In addition, for example, in the composite segment of Patent Document 1, a plurality of ribs are arranged on the inner surface of the skin plate, and a plurality of main bars and stirrups are arranged in a lattice pattern in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel as reinforcing bars on the inner cavity side of the filled concrete. Further, a plurality of width fixing bars are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel between the main girders on both sides.

[0007] In addition, in the composite segments of Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document 1, there are no ribs on the inner surface of the skin plate, and the main girders on both sides are formed in a substantially U-shaped cross-section by a web and a pair of flanges attached to the inner side (opposite side) of the web. Further, lattice bars (crack prevention bars) are arranged on the inner cavity side of the filled concrete (internal concrete).

[0008] All of these composite segments are structurally integrated with concrete and steel, so that the amount of steel can be saved compared with steel segments, and they are said to have advantages such as higher strength compared with RC segments of the same thickness.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0009]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Non-Patent Documents

[0010]

Non-Patent Document 1

Disclosure of the Invention

[0011] However, in the former five-sided steel shell composite segment, the steel is generally concentrated at both ends of the segment's width, and the central section is made up of only concrete, with only a thin water-stopping skin plate placed in the central section. As a result, as the segment becomes wider in the width direction, there are significant structural differences between the ends and the central section, posing the problem of not being able to maintain homogeneity as a structural material.

[0012] In addition, in the past, emphasis was placed on the functioning of the composite structure against the cross-sectional forces in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, but little importance was placed on the composite structure in the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0013] For this reason, even though wide segments in the axial direction of a tunnel have come to be widely used, there has been a problem that they do not function as a composite structure against the cross-sectional forces in the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0014] Furthermore, in the case of the composite segment in Patent Document 1, although the skin plate and the fill concrete can be integrated on the natural ground side of the tunnel by multiple slip stoppers protruding from the inner surface of the skin plate, the integration of the fill concrete on the inner space side with the main reinforcement and distribution bars in the fill concrete is impaired because the main reinforcement and distribution bars are arranged in a lattice (mesh) pattern and multiple width stop bars are also arranged, and so on, and it is presumed that the functionality of the composite structure against cross-sectional forces in the axial and circumferential directions of the tunnel cannot be expected to be very good.

[0015] In addition, in the case of the composite segments in Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document 1, since the segments are wide in the axial direction of the tunnel, there is a risk that the skin plate and the fill concrete will not be integrated. For this reason, it is presumed that the functionality of the composite structure against the cross-sectional forces in the axial direction of the tunnel cannot be expected to be very good.

[0016] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, the entire axial direction of the tunnel (the width direction of the segment) is formed as a composite structure, and not only the circumferential cross-sectional force of the shield tunnel but also the cross-sectional force in the axial direction of the tunnel functions as a composite structure. By adopting such a configuration, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wide composite segment in the axial direction of the tunnel.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0017] The present invention relates to a composite segment formed in a substantially arc shape in side view along the ground of the tunnel, which is composed of a pair of main girders (side girders) arranged in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, a pair of joint plates respectively arranged between the ends of the main girders, a plurality of vertical ribs arranged between the main girders, a steel shell composed of skin plates arranged on the outer surface of the lattice frame formed by the main girders, the joint plates and the vertical ribs, and filled concrete filled in the steel shell. A plurality of anti-slip members are provided on the inner surface of the skin plate, a pair of reinforcing flanges are symmetrically attached to the opposing side surfaces of the main girders, and the filled concrete inside is characterized by being non-reinforced.

[0018] In particular, on the ground side of the composite segment, the filled concrete filled in the steel shell is integrally constrained in the steel shell by a plurality of anti-slip members provided on the inner surface of the skin plate, and the filled concrete on the inner space side is integrally constrained in the steel shell by a pair of reinforcing flanges attached to the opposing surface side of the main girders. By enhancing the integrality between the steel shell and the filled concrete, even for a wide composite segment in the width direction of the segment (the axial direction of the tunnel), it can surely function as a composite structure against the cross-sectional force in the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0019] As the anti-slip member, in addition to the stud dimple, a headed stud, a perforated steel plate dimple or an H-shaped steel dimple, etc. may be welded in large numbers to the inner surface of the skin plate 8.

[0020] In addition, it is preferable to arrange anti-slip bars for the purpose of preventing the filling concrete from slipping off within the filling concrete. As the anti-slip bars, for example, lattice bars made of round steel or deformed bars are preferable.

[0021] Alternatively, the surface layer portion of the filling concrete may be filled with covering concrete, and anti-slip bars may be arranged within the covering concrete.

[0022] The main girder, joint plate, vertical rib and / or the reinforcing flange can be formed from steel plates or structural steel shapes, etc. Further, the reinforcing flange may be integrally formed with the main girder.

[0023] Furthermore, by attaching reinforcing ribs to the vertical ribs to supplement the amount of steel in the central part of the segment and increasing the cross-sectional rigidity in the tunnel axis direction, a wider synthetic segment in the tunnel axis direction can be formed.

Advantages of the Invention

[0024] The present invention particularly includes a pair of main girders arranged in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, a plurality of vertical ribs arranged between the main girders, a pair of reinforcing flanges symmetrically arranged on the opposing side surfaces of the main girders, and reinforcing ribs arranged on the vertical ribs, etc. In particular, on the ground side of the synthetic segment, the filling concrete filled in the steel shell is integrally constrained within the steel shell by a plurality of anti-shifting members provided on the inner surface of the skin plate, and the filling concrete on the inner cavity side is integrally constrained within the steel shell by a pair of reinforcing flanges attached to the opposing surface side of the main girder. By enhancing the integrality between the steel shell and the filling concrete, even for a wide synthetic segment in the width direction (tunnel axis direction) of the segment, it can surely function as a composite structure against the cross-sectional force in the tunnel axis direction. Therefore, it has effects such as being able to provide a wide synthetic segment in the tunnel axis direction.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0026] Figs. 1 - 5 illustrate an embodiment of a five-sided steel shell composite segment composed of a steel shell and concrete according to the present invention.

[0027] Reference numeral 1 denotes a steel shell formed in a substantially arc shape in side view along the ground of the tunnel, 2 denotes the filled concrete in the steel shell 1, and reference numeral 3 denotes the covering concrete filled in the surface layer portion of the filled concrete 2.

[0028] The steel shell 1 includes a lattice-shaped frame body 7 formed in a longitudinal lattice frame shape that is long in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from a pair of main girders (side plates) 4, 4 arranged in the circumferential direction and axial direction of the tunnel respectively, a pair of joint plates 5, 5, and a plurality of longitudinal ribs 6,..., and a skin plate 8 arranged on the outer surface side (the ground side of the tunnel) of the lattice-shaped frame body 7, and is formed in a substantially arc shape in side view along the ground of the tunnel.

[0029] The joint plates 5, 5 are respectively welded to both ends in the circumferential direction of the tunnel of the main girders 4, 4, the longitudinal ribs 6,... are welded to the opposing side surfaces of the main girders 4, 4, and further the skin plate 8 is welded to the outer surface of the lattice-shaped frame body 7, that is, the ground side edge ends of the pair of main girders 4, 4 and the joint plates 5, 5.

[0030] Also, the main girder plates 4, the joint plates 5, and the longitudinal ribs 6 are formed from steel plates or steel sections. In particular, the main girders 4, 4 are continuously formed in a substantially arc shape in side view along the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

[0031] In addition, the main girder 4, the joint plate 5, and the vertical rib 6 are reinforced by a reinforcing member (not shown in the figure) made of a steel plate or a section steel as needed. In this case, the reinforcing member may be overlapped on the outer surface and / or the inner surface of each of the main girder 4, the joint plate 5, and the vertical rib 6, or may be vertically attached in a rib shape to the inner surface of the main girder 4 and the joint plate 5 and both side surfaces of the vertical rib 6.

[0032] Furthermore, a reinforcing rib 9 is attached to the side portion or the tip portion of each vertical rib 6, …. The reinforcing rib 9 is continuously formed in the axial direction of the tunnel from a steel plate or a section steel, and is welded to one side surface (see Fig. 4(b)), both side surfaces (see Fig. 5(a)), or the tip portion (see Fig. 5(b)) of the vertical rib 6. Also, the reinforcing rib 9 may be attached in multiple stages.

[0033] Also, a large number of anti-slip members (hereinafter referred to as "stud dribs") 10 are projected at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel on the inner surface of the skin plate 8. In addition to the stud dribs 10 as anti-slip members, headed studs, perforated steel plate dribs, or section steel dribs, etc. are welded to the inner surface of the skin plate 8.

[0034] Also, a pair of reinforcing flanges (hereinafter referred to as "inner flanges") 11, 11 are attached to face each other on the inner surfaces of the main girders 4, 4. The inner flanges 11, 11 are made of a steel plate or a section steel, etc., and are continuously formed in a substantially arc shape in the circumferential direction of the tunnel along the arc shape of the main girders 4, 4, and are welded to the inner surfaces of the main girders 4, 4.

[0035] Note that the inner flanges 11, 11 may be attached in a plurality of stages (for example, two stages) in the circumferential direction of the tunnel according to the height (width) of the main girders 4, 4. Also, the inner flanges 11, 11 may be integrally formed with the main girders 4, 4, respectively.

[0036] These vertical ribs 6, …, the reinforcing rib 9, the stud dribs 10, and the inner flanges 11 are completely embedded in the filling concrete 2 and integrated with the filling concrete 2.

[0037] In particular, on the ground side, the filled concrete 2 filled in the steel shell 1 is integrally restrained with the steel shell 1 by a large number of stud dowels 10 protruding from the inner surface of the skin plate 8, and the filled concrete 2 on the inner space side is integrally restrained in the steel shell 1 by a pair of inner flanges 11, 11 attached to the opposing surface sides of the main girders 4, 4. By enhancing the integrality between the steel shell 1 and the filled concrete 2, even in the case of a wide synthetic segment in the width direction (tunnel axis direction) of the segment, it can surely function as a synthetic structure against the sectional force in the tunnel axis direction.

[0038] Also, inside the filled concrete 2, it is particularly made into a non-reinforced structure without arranging reinforcing bars, and the covering concrete 3 is filled to a certain thickness on the surface layer part of the filled concrete 2, and anti-peeling bars 12 for preventing the peeling of the filled concrete 2 are arranged in the covering concrete 3 (see Fig. 3(a)).

[0039] Note that the covering concrete 3 may be omitted, and anti-peeling bars 12 may be arranged on the surface layer part of the filled concrete 2 (see Fig. 3(b)).

[0040] Also, reference numeral 13 is a segment joint for joining adjacent synthetic segments in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the segment joint 13 is attached to the joint plate 5.

[0041] Reference numeral 14 is a ring joint for joining adjacent segment rings in the tunnel axis direction, and the ring joint 14 is attached to the main girder 4.

Industrial Applicability

[0042] According to the present invention, by configuring such that the entire width direction of the segment is formed as a synthetic structure and functions as a synthetic structure not only against the sectional force in the tunnel circumferential direction but also against the sectional force in the tunnel axis direction, a wide synthetic segment in the tunnel axis direction can be provided.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0043] 1 Steel shell 2 Infilled concrete 3 Covered concrete 4 Main girder 5 Joint plate 6 Vertical rib 7 Lattice frame 8 Skin plate 9 Reinforcing rib 10 Stud gib (anti-displacement) 11 Inner flange (reinforcing flange) 12 Anti-peeling rib 13 Segment joint 14 Ring joint

Claims

1. A composite segment formed in a substantially arc shape in side view along the ground of the shield tunnel, comprising: a pair of main girders arranged in the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel; a pair of joint plates respectively arranged between the ends of the main girders; a plurality of vertical ribs arranged between the main girders; a steel shell composed of skin plates arranged on the outer surface of the lattice-shaped frame formed by the main girders, the joint plates and the vertical ribs; and filled concrete filled inside the steel shell, wherein a plurality of anti-slip members are provided on the inner surface of the skin plate, reinforcing flanges are symmetrically attached to the opposing side surfaces of the main girders, and the filled concrete is non-reinforced.

2. The composite segment according to Claim 1, wherein anti-peeling bars are arranged in the filled concrete.

3. The composite segment according to Claim 1, wherein covering concrete is filled in the surface layer portion of the filled concrete, and anti-peeling bars are arranged in the covering concrete.

4. The composite segment according to Claim 1, wherein reinforcing ribs are attached to the vertical ribs.

5. The composite segment according to Claim 2, wherein reinforcing ribs are attached to the vertical ribs.

6. The composite segment according to Claim 3, wherein reinforcing ribs are attached to the vertical ribs.

7. The composite segment according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the main girders, joint plates, vertical ribs and / or the reinforcing flanges are formed of steel plates or steel sections.

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