Concrete retaining wall and construction method of concrete retaining wall

Abstract

To provide a concrete retaining wall that is easy to construct and stable.SOLUTION: A concrete retaining wall includes concrete wall units 1 that are stacked to form the concrete wall surface, belt materials 2 that are connected to the back of the concrete wall unit 1 and extend from the concrete wall unit 1 in the embankment direction, and a cell laminate body that is placed on the back side of the concrete wall unit 1. The cell laminate body is made up of multiple strip materials made of long resin or fiber sheets that are arranged in parallel in the width direction and repeatedly partially joined together in a zigzag pattern at predetermined intervals, and are stretched in a direction perpendicular to the width direction to form honeycomb-shaped cells, and cell structures 5 are stacked approximately horizontally, each made up of a cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcement material filled with a filling material, and the belt materials 2 are placed between the layers of the stacked cell structures 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface and a construction method of the concrete wall retaining wall.

Background Art

[0002] A retaining wall is a wall-like structure provided at the boundary to maintain the height difference of the ground surface due to earth cutting or filling. A vertical retaining wall is a retaining wall in which the wall appearing on the front is perpendicular. Conventionally, L-shaped retaining walls and reinforced earth retaining walls have been mainly adopted for vertical concrete retaining walls.

[0003] For example, when earth is filled on an excavation surface where a part of a slope is excavated and a road is provided at the uppermost part of the filled earth, in Cited Document 1, a vertical concrete retaining wall is disclosed by arranging unit units having a concrete plate on the front and wire mesh panels on the bottom and the back.

[0004] Specifically, the vertical concrete retaining wall of Cited Document 1 is composed of a plurality of unit units having a front surface formed of a concrete plate and a bottom surface and a back surface formed of wire mesh panels. The front surfaces of the unit units are arranged vertically and horizontally so as to form a retaining wall, and at least one kind of stone and concrete crushed stone is filled on the bottom surface between the front and back surfaces of the unit unit. The concrete plate is made of permeable porous concrete, and the front wall portion serving as the front surface of the unit unit and a protruding portion protruding rearward in a rib shape from the front wall portion are provided. The bottom surface and the back surface are formed by bending the wire mesh panel into an L-shaped vertical cross section. A water permeable sheet is disposed inside the back surface. The concrete plates arranged vertically are fixed by connecting the upper end of the protruding portion of the lower concrete plate and the lower end of the protruding portion of the upper concrete plate by a connecting member. The front edge of the wire mesh panel is fixed to the concrete plate by the connecting member.

[0005] The problem with the invention of D1 is that the concrete plates that make up the retaining wall surface and the wire mesh panels that make up the bottom and back are connected by connecting members, so the wire mesh panels bear the weight of the concrete plates and the load of them collapsing onto the wall surface, resulting in insufficient stability as a retaining wall. In addition, there is a risk that the wire mesh panels at the back of the retaining wall will corrode due to soil, which could undermine the stability of the entire retaining wall.

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-308948 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete retaining wall that is easy to construct and stable. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The inventor has discovered that a concrete wall retaining wall comprising concrete wall units that form the wall surface of a concrete wall retaining wall, a strip material connected to the back surface of the concrete wall unit and extending toward the back surface of the concrete wall unit, and a cell laminate formed by stacking a cell structure on the back surface of the concrete wall unit, with the strip material being installed so as to be sandwiched between the layers of the stacked cell structure, can realize a stable concrete wall retaining wall.

[0009] The invention described in claim 1 is A concrete wall retaining wall is formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, The concrete wall retaining wall includes a concrete wall unit that constitutes a concrete wall surface, a strip material that is connected to the back surface of the concrete wall unit and extends from the concrete wall unit in the embankment direction, and a cell laminate that is arranged on the back side of the concrete wall unit, The cell laminate is a cell laminate obtained by stacking cell structures, each of which is made by arranging a plurality of strip materials made of a resin or fiber sheet in a strip shape in the width direction, repeatedly joining them in a staggered pattern at predetermined intervals, and stretching the resulting structure in a direction perpendicular to the width direction, and filling a filler into the cellular three-dimensional reinforcement material that forms honeycomb-shaped cells, in a substantially horizontal manner; The strips are concrete retaining walls placed between layers of stacked cellular structures.

[0010] The concrete wall, formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, and the cellular laminate, formed by stacking cellular structures behind the concrete wall units, are each independent structures. Because the cellular laminate itself is self-supporting, it absorbs earth pressure from the embankment like a dam, so the concrete wall is not subjected to earth pressure from the embankment. The concrete wall units are prevented from tipping over toward the front of the wall by the tensile force of the strips connected to the back of the concrete wall units, and the strips are held in place by friction with the filler material (embankment material). The strips are placed between the layers of the stacked cellular structures, and the friction between the strips and the filler material (embankment material) of the cellular structure serves to hold the strips in place, preventing the concrete wall units from tipping over. In other words, the concrete wall retaining wall of the present invention is structured so that the back earth pressure of the embankment is suppressed by the cell laminate, and the overturning force of the concrete wall unit is suppressed by the anchor effect caused by the friction force between the strip material connected to the concrete wall unit and the filler material (embankment material).

[0011] The invention described in claim 2 is 2. The concrete retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the strip material is not directly connected to the cellular three-dimensional reinforcement material that constitutes the cell structure.

[0012] The strip material connected to the back of the concrete wall unit is not directly connected to the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material that constitutes the cell structure arranged behind it, so that the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material is not burdened with the overturning force of the concrete wall unit, and the stability of the cell structure is maintained. Further, since the cell structure and the cell laminate formed by laminating the cell structures are self-supporting, the concrete wall unit is not burdened with the earth pressure from the backfill.

[0013] The invention according to claim 3 is a concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall, wherein the concrete wall unit is composed of two types: a concrete wall lowermost unit that constitutes the lowermost stage of the concrete wall and a concrete wall standard unit that constitutes the part other than the lowermost stage of the concrete wall, the concrete wall lowermost unit is a concrete wall lowermost unit having a wall panel that constitutes the wall surface, a support portion that serves as a support when installing the concrete wall, a tip portion that protrudes substantially vertically on the wall surface side of the wall panel, and a heel portion that protrudes substantially vertically on the backfill side of the wall panel, the concrete wall standard unit is a concrete wall standard unit having a wall panel that constitutes the wall surface, a support portion that serves as a support when installing the concrete wall, and a connection hole that penetrates the support portion for connecting the strip material and the concrete wall standard unit through the strip material, It is the concrete wall retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2.

[0014] The concrete wall is formed by stacking concrete wall units. The concrete wall unit includes two types: a concrete wall lowermost unit installed at the lowermost stage and a concrete wall standard unit stacked and installed above the lowermost stage.

[0015] The common points of the two types of concrete wall units are as follows: they both have wall panels that make up the wall surface and support parts that play a supporting role when installing the concrete wall surface. On the other hand, the differences are as follows.

[0016] The lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface has a toe part that protrudes toward the wall surface substantially perpendicular to the wall panel and a heel part that protrudes toward the embankment side substantially perpendicular to the wall panel in order to make the lowermost unit self-supporting. On the other hand, the standard unit of the concrete wall surface has a connecting hole that penetrates the supporting part for connecting the strip material. The above differences exist because the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface is self-supporting by itself, while the standard unit of the concrete wall surface supports the wall panel with the tensile force on the embankment side of the strip material. Such differences exist because for the standard unit of the concrete wall surface, a strip material is connected to make the concrete wall unit self-supporting, while the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface serves as the foundation of the concrete wall retaining wall, so the concrete wall unit is made self-supporting without using a strip material.

[0017] The invention according to claim 4 is a concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, wherein the concrete wall unit is composed of two types: a lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface arranged on the foundation ground and a standard unit of the concrete wall surface stacked in a plurality of stages above the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface, a crushed stone layer to be backfilled is arranged on the back surface of the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface, on the back surface of the standard unit of the concrete wall surface, a strip material composed of a plurality of long strip-shaped resins or fiber sheets is arranged side by side in the width direction, joined repeatedly and partially in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval, and a filler is filled into a cell-like three-dimensional reinforcing material that forms a honeycomb-like cell by expanding this in a direction perpendicular to the width direction, and a cell laminate formed by stacking the cell structures substantially horizontally is arranged. The concrete wall retaining wall according to claim 3.

[0018] A crushed stone layer consisting only of backfill material such as crushed stone is installed behind the bottom concrete wall unit of the lowest concrete wall, which is placed on the foundation ground, without installing a cell structure. Then, a cell stack made of stacked cell structures is installed behind the standard concrete wall unit, which is placed on top of the bottom concrete wall unit of the lowest concrete wall. The bottom concrete wall unit is self-supporting, and since it is the lowest unit and does not have a large back soil pressure, there is no need to install a cell stack.

[0019] The invention described in claim 5 is A construction method for a concrete wall retaining wall in which concrete wall units are stacked to form a concrete wall surface, The concrete wall retaining wall includes a concrete wall unit that constitutes the concrete wall surface, a strip material that is connected to the back surface of the concrete wall unit and extends from the concrete wall unit in the direction of the embankment, and a cell laminate that is stacked on the back side of the concrete wall unit, The cell laminate is a cell laminate obtained by stacking cell structures, each of which is made by arranging a plurality of strip materials made of a resin or fiber sheet in a strip shape in the width direction, repeatedly joining them in a staggered pattern at predetermined intervals, and stretching the resulting structure in a direction perpendicular to the width direction, and filling a filler into the cellular three-dimensional reinforcement material that forms honeycomb-shaped cells, in a substantially horizontal manner; The concrete wall unit is comprised of two types: a concrete wall bottom unit that constitutes the bottom layer of the concrete wall, and a concrete wall standard unit that constitutes the rest of the concrete wall. The concrete wall surface lowest unit is a concrete wall surface lowest unit having a wall surface panel that constitutes a wall surface, a support portion that serves as a support when the concrete wall surface is installed, a toe portion that protrudes approximately perpendicularly to the wall surface side of the wall surface panel, and a heel portion that protrudes approximately perpendicularly to the embankment side of the wall surface panel, The concrete wall surface standard unit is a concrete wall surface standard unit having a wall panel constituting the wall surface, a support portion serving as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, and a connection hole penetrating the support portion for connecting the strip material and the concrete wall surface standard unit through the strip material. A first step of arranging the concrete wall surface lowermost unit on the foundation ground at the position where the wall surface of the concrete wall surface retaining wall is formed, and placing crushed stones up to the level of the top surface of the concrete wall surface lowermost unit behind the back surface of the concrete wall surface lowermost unit and rolling them to install a crushed stone layer. After installing the concrete wall surface lowermost unit and the crushed stone layer in the first step, on the flat plate composed of the top surface of the concrete wall surface lowermost unit and the top surface of the crushed stone layer, install one or more layers of cell structures on the back surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit and the concrete wall surface standard unit to form a cell laminate, arrange a strip material so as to crawl on the cell laminate, the strip material is connected to the concrete wall surface standard unit through the connection hole of the concrete wall surface standard unit, and further stack one or more layers of cell structures on the cell laminate and the strip material to form a cell laminate and install the cell laminate up to the height of the top surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit. This is the second step. After installing the concrete wall surface standard unit and the cell laminate in the second step, on the flat plate composed of the top surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit and the top surface of the cell laminate, install one or more layers of cell structures on the back surface of the new concrete wall surface standard unit and the concrete wall surface standard unit to form a cell laminate, arrange a strip material so as to crawl on the cell laminate, the strip material is connected to the concrete wall surface standard unit through the connection hole of the concrete wall surface standard unit, and further stack one or more layers of cell structures on the cell laminate and the strip material to form a cell laminate and install the cell laminate up to the height of the top surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit. This is the third step. The construction method of the concrete wall surface retaining wall consists of repeating the third step up to the required height of the concrete wall surface retaining wall after the third step. After the third step, the construction method of the concrete wall surface retaining wall is to repeat the third step up to the required height of the concrete wall surface retaining wall.

Effect of the Invention

[0020] The strip material connected to the concrete wall unit constituting the concrete wall retaining wall is not directly connected to the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material constituting the cell laminate disposed on the back side of the embankment side of the concrete wall unit, and is configured to be suppressed by the anchor effect due to the frictional force between the strip material and the filler filled in the cell structure, so that a stable concrete wall retaining wall can be constructed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021]

Figure 1

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Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description will be omitted as appropriate. Further, this embodiment is merely one form for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by this embodiment, and various modified embodiments are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0023] 〔First Embodiment〕 In the concrete wall retaining wall of the present invention, the strip material connected to the back surface of the concrete wall unit is sandwiched between the layers of the cell laminate and is not directly connected to the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material of the cell structure body constituting the cell laminate. The gist of the invention is to fix it by the frictional force between the strip material and the filling material (embankment material) of the cell structure body, but such a case has not been known so far.

[0024] That is, the present invention is A concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, The concrete wall retaining wall includes a concrete wall unit constituting the concrete wall surface, a strip material connected to the back surface of the concrete wall unit and extending in the embankment direction from the concrete wall unit, and a cell laminate disposed on the back side of the concrete wall unit. The cell laminate is formed by arranging strip materials each composed of a plurality of long resin or fiber sheets side by side in the width direction, repeatedly and partially joining them in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval, and expanding this in a direction orthogonal to the width direction to form honeycomb-shaped cells. A filler is filled into a cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material to form a cell structure, and the cell laminates are stacked substantially horizontally. The strip material is a concrete wall surface retaining wall disposed between layers of the stacked cell structures.

[0025] The concrete wall surface retaining wall of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the concrete wall surface retaining wall of the present invention. When the concrete wall surface retaining wall of the present invention is viewed transversely in the order from the wall surface side X to the embankment side Y, it is composed of a concrete wall surface unit 1 stacked up to the wall height, and a strip material 2 laid so as to be sandwiched between layers of a cell structure 5 connected and stacked with a concrete wall surface standard unit 1A excluding the lowermost concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B among the concrete wall surface units 1. The strip material is fixed by the frictional force with a filler (embankment material) filled in the cells of the cell structure 5.

[0026] The back surface of the lowermost concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B is composed only of a crushed stone layer 3 filled with crushed stone or the like without installing the cell structure 5, and the cell structure 5 is installed from the back surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A one above the lowermost concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B.

[0027] That is, the concrete wall surface retaining wall of the present invention forms a concrete wall surface by stacking the concrete wall surface units 1. There are two types of concrete wall surface units 1: a concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B that constitutes the lowermost part of the concrete wall surface, and a concrete wall surface standard unit 1A stacked above the lowermost concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B. A crushed stone layer 3 is formed by backfilling crushed stone or the like on the back surface of the concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B that constitutes the lowermost part. Also, on the embankment side Y of the back surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A, a plurality of cell structures 5 are stacked to hold a self-standing cell laminate 6.

[0028] The standard concrete wall unit 1A is not directly connected to the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 that constitutes the cell structure 5, and the edge is cut off. The standard concrete wall unit 1A is connected to the strip material 2 by passing the strip material 2 through the connection hole 1c in the support part 1b, and the strip material 2 is sandwiched between the layers of the laminated cell structure 5 and fixed by the frictional force with the filling material (backfill material) in the cell of the cell structure 5. Although the frictional force between the strip material 2 and the backfill material can sufficiently support the standard concrete wall unit 1A, it may be locked to the backfill material with an anchor pin or the like as necessary. Due to such a structure, the weight of the concrete wall unit 1 and the load due to the overturning force do not hang on the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 that constitutes the cell structure 5, and the cell structure 5 laminated with the concrete wall unit 1 is independent of each other and stable.

[0029] The concrete wall unit used in the present invention will be described. The concrete wall unit includes a concrete wall bottom unit 1B that constitutes the lowermost stage and a standard concrete wall unit 1A other than that. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the standard concrete wall unit used in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the concrete wall bottom unit used in the present invention.

[0030] The standard concrete wall unit 1A is composed of a wall panel 1a that constitutes the wall surface, a support part 1b that serves as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, and a connection hole 1c that penetrates the support part 1b. The connection hole 1c has a role of connecting the strip material 2 and the standard concrete wall unit 1A by passing the strip material 2 through it. The wall panel 1a is preferably about 50 cm in height and about 1 m in width, and the depth of the support part 1b is preferably about 30 cm. Also, it is preferable that there are two or more support parts 1b to support the wall panel 1a in the standard concrete wall unit 1A.

[0031] The lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface is composed of a wall panel 1a that constitutes the wall surface, a support portion 1b that serves as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, and a connecting hole 1c that penetrates the support portion 1b. The connecting hole 1c has the role of connecting the strip material 2 and the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface through the strip material 2. However, the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface is self-standing, and the connecting hole 1c may not be necessary if the strip material 2 is not connected to the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface. The wall panel 1a is preferably about 50 cm in height and about 1 m in width, and the depth of the support portion 1b is preferably about 30 cm. Also, it is preferable that there are two or more support portions 1b to support the wall panel 1a in the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface. The above structure is common to the standard unit 1A of the concrete wall surface, but the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface is different from the standard unit 1A of the concrete wall surface in the following points.

[0032] The difference between the standard unit 1A of the concrete wall surface and the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface is that the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface has a toe portion 1d and a heel portion 1e, while the standard unit 1A of the concrete wall surface does not have a toe portion 1d and a heel portion 1e. The reason for having the toe portion 1d and the heel portion 1e in the lowermost unit 1B of the concrete wall surface is a measure to increase the contact area with the foundation ground in order to be stably placed on the foundation ground. The toe portion 1d protrudes about 30 cm from the wall panel 1a toward the wall side X, and the heel portion 1e protrudes about 120 cm from the wall panel 1a toward the embankment side Y.

[0033] The strip material 2 used in the present invention will be described. The strip material 2 used in the present invention has an elongated shape like a belt. The strip material 2 is preferably made of resin, and particularly preferably made of polyolefin. If it is made of polyolefin, there is no risk of deterioration even if the soil is acidic soil. Also, the width of the strip material 2 is such that it can pass through the connecting hole 1c of the concrete wall surface unit, and is preferably about 10 cm. Also, the thickness of the connecting hole 1c may be such that it can support the concrete wall surface unit, but a thickness of about 3 cm is preferable. The length of the strip material 2 is preferably about 2.5 times the length of the cell structure in the depth direction.

[0034] The cell laminate 6 used in the present invention is formed by arranging strip materials 4a made of a plurality of long resin or fiber sheets in parallel in the width direction, repeatedly and partially joining them in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval, and expanding this in a direction orthogonal to the width direction to form honeycomb-shaped cells 4d, and then stacking cell structures 5 filled with a filler (embankment material) in a substantially horizontal manner.

[0035] The cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material and cell structure used in the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material (3 cells) before expansion used in the present invention. In this embodiment, a 3-cell cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material is exemplified, but the number of cells in the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material is not limited to 3 cells and may be any number. The same applies to the cell structure and cell laminate created from the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material hereinafter.

[0036] The cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 is formed by arranging strip materials 4a made of a plurality of long resin or fiber sheets in parallel in the width direction and repeatedly joining them in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval at connecting portions 4c at a constant interval. This cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 expands in the expansion direction a to form a cell-shaped cell structure. The material used for the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 is preferably resin, and among resins, high-density polyethylene is suitable.

[0037] The strip material 4a may be provided with holes 4b to discharge the water accumulated in the cells. The size and shape of the holes may be any. It is better to have a larger number of holes, but if there are too many, the strength of the strip material will decrease, so the number should not exceed 40% of the area of the strip material. Also, the arrangement of the holes may be in series or in a staggered pattern.

[0038] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material (3 cells) shown in FIG. 4 when expanded. When the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 is expanded, a large number of cells 4d are formed in a honeycomb shape. By filling the cells 4d with a filler (embankment material) up to the height of the cells and compacting them, a rigid cell structure 5 is formed.

[0039] As the filler to be filled in the cell 4d of the deployed cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material, any earth material such as sand, earth and sand, crushed stone, etc. can be used, but crushed stone is particularly suitable.

[0040] Next, the cell laminate will be described. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a cell laminate (3 cells) constructed by laminating cell structures 5. By stacking the cell structures 5 in a substantially horizontal manner for construction, a cell laminate 6 can be formed. The cell laminate 6 is a stable structure that can stand on its own.

[0041] Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the cell laminate shown in Fig. 6. The cross-section of the cell laminate in Fig. 7 is a cross-section cut along the z-plane shown in Fig. 6, and is a view of the cross-section seen from the line-of-sight direction b. Also, the z-plane in this line-of-sight direction b is common to Figs. 1, 2, and 3. In addition, the wall surface side is shown as X and the embankment side is shown as Y in the cross-section cut along the z-plane.

[0042] FIG. 8 is a top view of an arbitrary stage (excluding the lowermost stage) of the concrete wall unit of the concrete wall retaining wall of the present invention. In the figure, the wall surface side X is the upper side, and the embankment side Y is the lower side. A concrete wall unit 1 (concrete wall standard unit 1A) is installed at the position to be the wall surface, and a cell structure body 5 is installed on the embankment side Y of the concrete wall unit 1. The cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 constituting the concrete wall unit 1 and the cell structure body 5 is not physically connected, and is in a so-called "broken edge state". A strip material 2 placed on the filling material of the cell structure body 5 extends from the embankment side Y toward the wall surface side X, and the strip material 2 makes a U-turn through a connecting hole 1c in the supporting portion 1b of the concrete wall unit 1, returns to the embankment side Y, and is again placed on the filling material (embankment material) of the cell structure body 5. That is, the strip material 2 and the concrete wall unit 1 are connected through the connecting hole 1c of the concrete wall unit 1 in the middle part of the entire length of the strip material 2. In this embodiment, it is placed on the filling material of the cell structure body 5, but it may be temporarily fixed to the filling material (embankment material) of the cell structure body 5 with an anchor pin or the like. That is, both ends of the strip material 2 are placed on the filling material of the cell structure body 5, crawl on the cell structure body, and are installed in such an arrangement that they make a U-turn at the connecting hole 1c of the concrete wall unit 1.

[0043] Next, it will be described using the construction procedure of the concrete wall retaining wall of the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view when the concrete wall lowermost unit and the crushed stone layer are installed at the installation location of the concrete wall retaining wall. First, the concrete wall lowermost unit 1B is arranged on the foundation ground at the position where the wall surface of the concrete wall retaining wall is to be formed. Then, crushed stone is backfilled to the level of the top surface of the concrete wall lowermost unit 1B on the embankment side Y of the concrete wall lowermost unit 1B and rolled to form a crushed stone layer 3.

[0044] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view when the concrete wall surface standard unit and the first-layer cell structure are installed. After installing the concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B and the crushed stone layer 3, the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is installed on the concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B. Then, the cell structure 5 is installed on the embankment side Y of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A. The cell structure 5 is produced by unfolding the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 to form a large number of honeycomb-shaped cells and then filling the cells with filling materials such as sand, earth and sand, and crushed stone. Note that the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 constituting the cell structure 5 and the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A are not connected using a connecting tool or the like, and the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 and the concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B are not physically integrated. In addition, the gap between the cell structure 5 and the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is also filled with a filling material such as sand, earth and sand, and crushed stone.

[0045] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view when the second-stage concrete wall surface standard unit and the strip material are connected. After installing the first-layer cell structure 5 on the back surface of the second-stage concrete wall surface standard unit 1A, the strip material 2 is arranged so as to crawl on the cell structure 5. One end of the strip material 2 is arranged above the first-layer cell structure 5, from which the strip material 2 passes through the connection hole 1c of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A and is connected to the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A and makes a U-turn, and the other end of the strip material 2 is arranged above the first-layer cell structure 5.

[0046] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view when the second-layer cell structure 5 is installed on the back surface of the second-stage concrete wall surface standard unit 1A. After installing the strip material 2 on the cell structure 5 on the back surface of the second-stage concrete wall surface standard unit 1A, a second-layer cell structure 5 is newly laminated on the upper part of the strip material 2. In this embodiment, an example where the height of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is equal to the height of two layers of the cell structure 5 is shown. In this case, the level after laminating two layers of the cell structure 5 is equivalent to the level where the second-stage concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is installed. The third-stage concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is installed at the level of the second-layer cell structure 5, and the third-layer cell structure 5 is installed on the embankment side Y of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A in the same manner as in the first layer. Thereafter, the same procedure is repeated to construct a concrete wall retaining wall with a predetermined height.

[0047] 〔Second Embodiment〕 In the first embodiment, an example where the number of cells in the cell stack 6 arranged on the embankment side of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is the same from the lower layer to the upper layer is illustrated. However, the second embodiment illustrates a case where the number of cells in the cell stack 6 arranged on the embankment side of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is different. In this embodiment, the crushed stone layer 3 composed only of a backfill material such as crushed stone is provided on the back surface of the lowermost concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B. The cell structure 5 is laid from the back surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A one above the lowermost concrete wall surface lowermost unit 1B. Furthermore, it is an embodiment in which the number of cells (laying length) on the depth side of the cell structure 5 gradually increases from the lower stage to the upper stage, and a representative cross-section is illustrated in FIG. 13.

[0048] The basic structure of the concrete wall retaining wall in the second embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. That is, the strip material 2 connected to the back surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A does not directly connect to the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material 4 that constitutes the cell structure 5 through the layers of the cell stack 6, but is sandwiched between the cell stacks 6 and fixed by the frictional force of the filling material, which is the gist of the invention.

[0049] The concrete wall retaining wall of the second embodiment forms a concrete wall surface by stacking concrete wall units 1. There are two types of concrete wall units 1: a concrete wall lowest unit 1B that constitutes the bottom layer of the concrete wall, and a concrete wall standard unit 1A that is stacked above the bottom concrete wall lowest unit 1B. Crushed stone or the like is backfilled behind the concrete wall lowest unit 1B that constitutes the bottom layer to form a crushed stone layer 3. In addition, a plurality of cell structures 5 are stacked on top of each other on the embankment side Y behind the concrete wall standard unit 1A to form a free-standing cell stack 6.

[0050] The concrete wall surface standard unit 1A and the cellular three-dimensional reinforcement members 4 that make up the cellular structure 5 are not directly connected; instead, their edges are disconnected. The concrete wall surface standard unit 1A is connected to the strip material 2 by passing the strip material 2 through the connecting holes 1c in the support parts 1b. The strip material 2 passes between the stacked parts of the stacked cellular structures 5 and extends between each layer of the stacked cellular structures 5. The strip material 2 is fixed in place by friction with the fill material (filling material). The friction between the strip material 2 and the fill material (filling material) is sufficient to support the concrete wall surface standard unit 1A, but if necessary, it can also be fastened to the fill material (filling material) with anchor pins or other devices. Due to this structure, the weight of the concrete wall unit 1 and the load due to the tipping force are not applied to the cellular three-dimensional reinforcement members 4 that make up the cellular structure 5. Therefore, the concrete wall surface unit 1 and the stacked cellular structures 5 are independent of each other and stable relative to each other.

[0051] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the number of cells (laying length) on the depth side of the cell structures 5 constituting the cell stack 6 gradually increases from the lower level to the upper level. That is, the feature is that the laying length of the cell structures 5 laid on the back of the concrete wall surface standard units 1A, excluding the lowest concrete wall surface unit 1B at the bottom level, increases as the laying range increases in the wall height.

[0052] The above are the differences between the first embodiment and this embodiment, but the components used in the present invention, such as the standard concrete wall unit 1A, the lowest concrete wall unit 1B, the strip material 2, and the cellular three-dimensional reinforcement material 4, are the same as those in the first embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

[0053] This embodiment is applicable when the ground or embankment behind the concrete retaining wall is stable. That is, based on the retaining wall design in the Road Earthwork Retaining Wall Construction Guidelines, a design cross section like that shown in Figure 14 is assumed, and calculations are made for the load (the sum of the dead weight, the surcharge load, and the earth pressure), the stability of each level of the cell structure (sliding, overturning), and the stability of the entire retaining wall (sliding, overturning, bearing capacity), to confirm the stability of the retaining wall.

[0054] The specific procedure for structural calculations is to assume the necessary retaining wall based on the retaining wall design in the Road Earthwork Retaining Wall Construction Guidelines, taking into account the required wall height, base slab width, soil quality, external forces (load, etc.), etc. The assumed retaining wall is a concrete wall retaining wall as shown in Figure 14, and structural calculations are carried out for the concrete wall retaining wall to confirm its stability.

[0055] A distinctive feature of the structural calculations for this concrete retaining wall is that, while the structural calculations for the entire retaining wall are the same as those for a general retaining wall, for the portion that has a cell structure at its back, earth pressure calculations are performed for each level of the cell structure 5 to confirm its stability. As an example, Figure 15 shows an example of earth pressure calculation using the trial wedge method for the 11th level of the cell structure from the bottom. Such calculations are performed for all levels of the cell structure 5, and the safety of this concrete retaining wall is verified before it is designed and constructed.

[0056] The construction procedure for the concrete retaining wall of the second embodiment is omitted because it is the same as that of the first embodiment. The only difference from the first embodiment is that the number of cells (laying length) on the depth side of the cell structure 5 gradually increases from the lower row to the upper row, and the rest is the same. [Industrial Applicability]

[0057] By using the concrete wall retaining wall of the present invention, since the concrete wall surface formed by stacking concrete wall surface units and the cell laminate formed by laminating the cell structure behind the concrete wall surface unit are each independent structures, an excessive earth pressure is not applied to the concrete wall surface, and a stable concrete wall retaining wall can be constructed.

Explanation of Signs

[0058] 1 Concrete wall surface unit 1A Standard concrete wall surface unit 1B Lowermost concrete wall surface unit 1a Wall surface panel of concrete wall surface unit 1b Support part of concrete wall surface unit 1c Connecting hole of concrete wall surface unit 1d Tip part of concrete wall surface unit 1e Heel part of concrete wall surface unit 2 Strip material 3 Crushed stone layer 4 Cellular three-dimensional reinforcing material 4a Strip material 4b Hole 4c Joint part 4d Cell 5 Cell structure 6 Cell laminate 10 Load 11 Slip angle a Extension direction b Line-of-sight direction of cross-sectional view X Wall surface side Y Embankment side z Cross-section of cross-sectional view

Claims

1. A concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, the concrete wall retaining wall includes concrete wall units constituting the concrete wall surface, a strip material connected to the back surface of the concrete wall units and extending in the direction of the embankment from the concrete wall units, and a cell laminate disposed on the back surface side of the concrete wall units, the cell laminate is formed by arranging strip materials made of a plurality of long strip-shaped resins or fiber sheets in parallel in the width direction, repeatedly joining them in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval, and filling a filler into a cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material that forms honeycomb-shaped cells by expanding this in a direction orthogonal to the width direction, and is a cell laminate formed by stacking the cell structures substantially horizontally, the strip material is a concrete wall retaining wall disposed between the layers of the stacked cell structures.

2. The concrete wall retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the strip material is not directly connected to the cell-shaped three-dimensional reinforcing material constituting the cell structure.

3. A concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, the concrete wall units are composed of two types: a concrete wall bottommost unit constituting the lowermost stage of the concrete wall surface and a concrete wall standard unit constituting other than the lowermost stage of the concrete wall surface, the concrete wall bottommost unit is a concrete wall bottommost unit having a wall panel constituting the wall surface, a support portion serving as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, a toe portion protruding substantially vertically on the wall surface side of the wall panel, and a heel portion protruding substantially vertically on the embankment side of the wall panel, the concrete wall standard unit is a concrete wall standard unit having a wall panel constituting the wall surface, a support portion serving as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, and a connection hole penetrating the support portion for connecting the strip material and the concrete wall standard unit through the strip material, The concrete wall retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall units to form a concrete wall surface, The concrete wall surface unit consists of two types, namely, the lowermost concrete wall surface unit arranged on the foundation ground and the standard concrete wall surface units stacked in multiple layers above the lowermost concrete wall surface unit. A crushed stone layer to be backfilled is arranged on the back surface of the lowermost concrete wall surface unit. On the back surface of the standard concrete wall surface unit, strip materials made of a plurality of long strip-shaped resins or fiber sheets are arranged side by side in the width direction, repeatedly and partially joined in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval, and a filler is filled into a cell-like three-dimensional reinforcing material that forms honeycomb-shaped cells by expanding this in a direction perpendicular to the width direction, and a cell laminate formed by stacking the cell structures substantially horizontally is arranged. The concrete wall retaining wall according to claim 3.

5. A construction method for a concrete wall retaining wall formed by stacking concrete wall surface units to form a concrete wall surface, The concrete wall retaining wall includes a concrete wall surface unit constituting the concrete wall surface, a strip material connected to the back surface of the concrete wall surface unit and extending in the direction of the embankment soil from the concrete wall surface unit, and a cell laminate laminated on the back side of the concrete wall surface unit. The cell laminate is a cell laminate formed by stacking substantially horizontally cell structures formed by filling a filler into a cell-like three-dimensional reinforcing material that forms honeycomb-shaped cells by arranging strip materials made of a plurality of long strip-shaped resins or fiber sheets side by side in the width direction, repeatedly and partially joining them in a staggered pattern at a predetermined interval, and expanding this in a direction perpendicular to the width direction. The concrete wall surface unit consists of two types, namely, the lowermost concrete wall surface unit constituting the lowermost part of the concrete wall surface and the standard concrete wall surface units constituting the parts other than the lowermost part of the concrete wall surface. The lowermost concrete wall surface unit is a lowermost concrete wall surface unit having a wall panel constituting the wall surface, a support part serving as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, a toe part protruding substantially vertically on the wall surface side of the wall panel, and a heel part protruding substantially vertically on the embankment soil side of the wall panel. The concrete wall surface standard unit is a concrete wall surface standard unit having a wall panel constituting the wall surface, a support portion serving as a support when installing the concrete wall surface, and a connection hole penetrating the support portion for connecting the strip material and the concrete wall surface standard unit through the strip material. A first step of arranging the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface at the foundation ground at the position where the wall surface of the concrete wall surface retaining wall is formed, and backfilling crushed stones up to the level of the top surface of the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface at the back of the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface and compacting them to install a crushed stone layer. After installing the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface and the crushed stone layer in the first step, on the flat plate composed of the top surface of the lowermost unit of the concrete wall surface and the top surface of the crushed stone layer, install one or more layers of cell structures on the back of the concrete wall surface standard unit and the concrete wall surface standard unit to form a cell laminate, arrange a strip material so as to crawl on the cell laminate, the strip material is connected to the concrete wall surface standard unit through the connection hole of the concrete wall surface standard unit, and further stack one or more layers of cell structures on the cell laminate and the strip material to form a cell laminate and install the cell laminate up to the height of the top surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit. A second step. After installing the concrete wall surface standard unit and the cell laminate in the second step, on the flat plate composed of the top surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit and the top surface of the cell laminate, install one or more layers of cell structures on the back of the new concrete wall surface standard unit and the concrete wall surface standard unit to form a cell laminate, arrange a strip material so as to crawl on the cell laminate, the strip material is connected to the concrete wall surface standard unit through the connection hole of the concrete wall surface standard unit, and further stack one or more layers of cell structures on the cell laminate and the strip material to form a cell laminate and install the cell laminate up to the height of the top surface of the concrete wall surface standard unit. A third step, which consists of repeating the third step up to the required height of the concrete wall surface retaining wall after the third step. A construction method of a concrete wall surface retaining wall that repeats the third step up to the required height of the concrete wall surface retaining wall after the third step.

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