Life support method, life support device, life support program, and cabin for balloon

Abstract

To provide a life support method, a life support device, a life support program, and a cabin for a balloon that are capable of not only supporting life of an occupant in a cabin for a balloon that conducts manned flight at a high altitude with a balloon but also adjusting an internal pressure and a gas concentration safely and comfortably.SOLUTION: A life support method for the inside of a cabin 100 for a balloon that is hermetically sealed and capable of only evacuation during flight executes: an internal-pressure adjustment mode reading step of reading an internal-pressure adjustment mode; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step of reading a gas concentration adjustment mode; an internal-pressure adjustment step of adjusting an internal pressure in accordance with the internal-pressure adjustment mode; and a gas concentration adjustment step of adjusting a gas concentration in accordance with the gas concentration adjustment mode.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a life support method, a life support device, a life support program, and a balloon cabin for maintaining the lives of passengers inside a balloon cabin during manned flight at high altitudes by balloon. Note that "high altitude" in this invention refers to an altitude higher than that at which aircraft normally operate, specifically an altitude of 20,000 meters or more up to a maximum of approximately 500,000 meters. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there are known technologies for maintaining the lives of passengers inside manned aircraft. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2-262498 discloses a life support system equipped with a cabin pressurization device that pressurizes the internal pressure of the aircraft cabin to a predetermined pressure range depending on the aircraft's altitude (Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2-262498 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, aircraft equipped with conventional life support systems, including the life support system described in Patent Document 1, fly at an altitude of around 10,000 meters at most, carrying several hundred passengers. For this reason, aircraft must be designed to forcibly take in large amounts of outside air by flying at high speeds. This outside air is pressurized by a pressurizing device, adjusted to an appropriate temperature by an air conditioning device, and then supplied to the interior of the aircraft cabin. This maintains appropriate internal pressure and gas concentrations (oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration) inside the aircraft cabin.

[0005] On the other hand, balloon cabins used for manned balloon flights at altitudes of over 20,000 meters are exposed to even lower air pressure than aircraft flight conditions and fly at significantly slower speeds than aircraft. For this reason, it is not possible to introduce outside air into a balloon cabin as is the case with aircraft; rather, the cabin must be sealed to prevent air from escaping. Furthermore, since balloon cabins rely on the buoyancy of the balloon to fly, they must be lightweight. Because they are significantly smaller than aircraft cabins, they cannot accommodate large, heavy equipment such as pressurizers and air conditioning units found on aircraft. Given these various constraints, no technology has been developed to appropriately adjust both the internal pressure and gas concentration inside a balloon cabin to ensure the lives of its occupants.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and aims to provide a life support method, life support device, life support program, and balloon cabin that can not only maintain the lives of occupants inside a balloon cabin used for manned high-altitude balloon flights, but also safely and comfortably adjust the internal pressure and gas concentration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The life support method according to the present invention is a method for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, in order to solve the problem of not only maintaining the life of a passenger inside the cabin of a balloon used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, but also adjusting the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably, the balloon cabin having an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be evacuated, and including a pressurizing gas cylinder filled with a pressurizing gas for pressurizing the inside of the balloon cabin, and a balloon kettle. an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied into the cabin; a gas supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; an oxygen supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; an exhaust flow control valve capable of adjusting the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; and an internal pressure value of the balloon cabin detected by a pressure sensor and an oxygen pressure value in the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor. and a life support device that adjusts the valve openings of each control valve consisting of the gas supply flow control valve, the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve based on at least the internal pressure value among the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide, wherein the life support device comprises an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step of reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each control valve is set corresponding to an internal pressure range in the balloon cabin, a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step of reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each control valve is set corresponding to a concentration range of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the balloon cabin, an internal pressure adjustment step of, when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, setting each of the control valves to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of the internal pressure adjustment mode, and adjusting the internal pressure value so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is preferable for supporting life, and in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, when the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is within the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode, setting each of the control valves to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of the gas concentration adjustment mode,and a gas concentration adjusting step of adjusting the concentration value so that it falls within a suitable concentration range that is preferable for sustaining life.

[0008] Furthermore, the life support system according to the present invention is a life support system for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, in order to solve the problem of not only maintaining the life of a passenger inside the cabin of a balloon used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, but also adjusting the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably, and the balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be evacuated, and includes a pressurizing gas cylinder filled with a pressurizing gas for pressurizing the inside of the balloon cabin, and a gas supply system for supplying the gas. an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied into the balloon cabin; a gas supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; an oxygen supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; and an exhaust flow control valve capable of adjusting the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; and the life support device is configured to detect the internal pressure of the balloon cabin by a pressure sensor and a pressure sensor. and adjusting the valve openings of the control valves consisting of the gas supply flow control valve, the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve based on at least the internal pressure value among the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values inside the balloon cabin that are output, the valve openings of the control valves consisting of the gas supply flow control valve, the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve including an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step for reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the control valves is set corresponding to an internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step for reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the control valves is set corresponding to an internal pressure range of oxygen and carbon dioxide inside the balloon cabin; an internal pressure adjustment step for, if the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, setting each of the control valves to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of that internal pressure adjustment mode, and adjusting the internal pressure value so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is preferable for sustaining life; and, in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, if the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is within the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode, setting each of the control valves to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of that gas concentration adjustment mode.and a gas concentration adjusting step of adjusting the concentration value so that it falls within a suitable concentration range that is preferable for sustaining life.

[0009] Furthermore, the life support method according to the present invention is a life support method for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, in order to solve the problem of not only maintaining the life of a passenger inside the cabin of a balloon used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, but also adjusting the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably, wherein the balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be evacuated, and includes a pressurizing gas cylinder filled with a pressurizing gas for pressurizing the inside of the balloon cabin, and a gas cylinder for use inside the balloon cabin. an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied; a gas supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; an oxygen supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; an exhaust flow control valve capable of adjusting the exhaust flow rate of the gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the balloon cabin and the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor. and a life support device that adjusts the valve openings of each supply flow control valve, consisting of the gas supply flow control valve and the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve, based on at least the internal pressure value, wherein the life support device includes an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step that reads in an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each supply flow control valve or a supply-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve openings of each supply flow control valve and a discharge-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve are set in correspondence with an internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step for reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which an oxygen target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the oxygen supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with a concentration range of oxygen inside the balloon cabin, and a carbon dioxide target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the gas supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with a concentration range of carbon dioxide inside the balloon cabin; and when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, each of the supply flow control valves is set to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of that internal pressure adjustment mode;Alternatively, the valve opening degree is feedback-controlled based on the difference between the supply-side internal pressure target value corresponding to the internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, and the discharge flow control valve feedback-controls the valve opening degree based on the difference between the discharge-side internal pressure target value corresponding to the internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, adjusting the internal pressure value to be within a suitable pressure range preferable for sustaining life; and in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, if the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode, the valve opening degree is feedback-controlled based on the difference between the oxygen target value or the carbon dioxide target value corresponding to the gas concentration adjustment mode and the concentration value, adjusting the concentration value to be within a suitable concentration range preferable for sustaining life.

[0010] Furthermore, the life support system according to the present invention is a life support system for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, in order to solve the problem of not only maintaining the life of a passenger inside the cabin of a balloon used for manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, but also adjusting the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably, and the balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be evacuated, and includes a pressurizing gas cylinder filled with a pressurizing gas for pressurizing the inside of the balloon cabin, and a gas cylinder for use inside the balloon cabin. an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied to the balloon; a gas supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; an oxygen supply flow control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; and an exhaust flow control valve capable of adjusting the exhaust flow rate of the gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; and the life support device detects the internal pressure of the balloon cabin detected by a pressure sensor and the oxygen in the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor. and an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step for reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the supply flow control valves, or a supply-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of each of the supply flow control valves, and a discharge-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve are set in correspondence with an internal pressure range in the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step for reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which an oxygen target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the oxygen supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with an oxygen concentration range within the balloon cabin, and a carbon dioxide target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the gas supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with a carbon dioxide concentration range within the balloon cabin; and when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, each of the supply flow control valves is set to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of that internal pressure adjustment mode,Alternatively, the valve opening degree is feedback-controlled based on the difference between the supply-side internal pressure target value corresponding to the internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, and the discharge flow control valve feedback-controls the valve opening degree based on the difference between the discharge-side internal pressure target value corresponding to the internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, adjusting the internal pressure value to be within a suitable pressure range preferable for sustaining life; and in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, if the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode, the valve opening degree is feedback-controlled based on the difference between the oxygen target value or the carbon dioxide target value corresponding to the gas concentration adjustment mode and the concentration value, adjusting the concentration value to be within a suitable concentration range preferable for sustaining life.

[0011] Furthermore, the life support program of the present invention causes a computer to execute any of the above-mentioned life support methods in order to solve the problem of not only maintaining the lives of occupants inside a balloon cabin used for manned flight at high altitudes by balloon, but also adjusting the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably.

[0012] In addition, the balloon cabin of the present invention is equipped with a life support device of any of the above-mentioned aspects in order to solve the problem of not only maintaining the lives of the occupants inside a balloon cabin used for manned flight at high altitudes by balloon, but also adjusting the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the present invention, it is possible to not only maintain the lives of passengers inside a balloon cabin used for manned high-altitude balloon flights, but also to adjust the internal pressure and gas concentration safely and comfortably. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a balloon cabin equipped with a life support device and a life support program according to the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is a block diagram showing a life support system according to a first embodiment; [Figure 3] 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the internal pressure and the internal pressure adjustment modes that can be set in the first embodiment. [Figure 4] 3 is a flowchart showing a life support method executed by the life support device and life support program of the first embodiment. [Figure 5] 5 is a flowchart showing details of the gas concentration adjustment step in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the internal pressure and the internal pressure adjustment modes that can be set in the second embodiment. [Figure 7] 10 is a flowchart showing a life support method executed by a life support device and a life support program of a second embodiment. [Figure 8] 8 is a flowchart showing details of the gas concentration adjustment step in FIG. 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] As a result of intensive research into solving the above-mentioned problems, the inventors came up with the idea of maintaining the internal pressure, oxygen concentration, and carbon dioxide concentration within the balloon cabin within a range that allows life to be sustained by providing separate pressurization gas cylinders and oxygen cylinders within the balloon cabin and appropriately adjusting the flow rates of the gases supplied from these cylinders and the flow rates of the gases exhausted from the balloon cabin, and thus completed the present invention.

[0016] A first embodiment of the life support method, life support device, life support program, and balloon cabin according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As will be described in detail below, the first embodiment is characterized in that a target flow rate of each control valve that is expected to be appropriate for each internal pressure range (zone) of the balloon cabin is determined in advance, and each control valve is adjusted in multiple stages to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate according to the internal pressure range that includes the actually measured internal pressure value.

[0017] [1] About the Balloon Cabin 100 The balloon cabin 100 is for manned flight at high altitudes by balloon. In this first embodiment, the balloon cabin 100 is formed in a substantially spherical shape using fiber-reinforced plastic or the like, and has an airtight structure in which the opening is sealed with a hatch or the like during flight and only exhaust air is allowed.

[0018] 1, the interior of the balloon cabin 100 mainly comprises a gas supply flow control valve 110 for controlling the supply flow rate of pressurizing gas, an oxygen supply flow control valve 120 for controlling the supply flow rate of oxygen, an exhaust flow control valve 130 for controlling the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin 100, and a life support device 1 for controlling these control valves 110, 120, and 130. Each component will be described below.

[0019] The gas supply flow control valve 110 controls the supply flow rate of pressurizing gas for pressurizing the inside of the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, the gas supply flow control valve 110 is configured by an electromagnetic valve or the like that can adjust the valve opening degree by a control signal from the life support device 1, and the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas can be adjusted to a target flow rate by adjusting the valve opening degree.

[0020] 1, a pressurization gas cylinder 111 filled with pressurization gas at high pressure for pressurizing the interior of the balloon cabin 100 is connected to the gas supply flow control valve 110 via a first pressure reducing valve 112 and a second pressure reducing valve 113. The first pressure reducing valve 112 reduces the pressure of the pressurization gas discharged from the pressurization gas cylinder 111 to a first pressure value. The second pressure reducing valve 113 further reduces the pressure of the pressurization gas discharged from the first pressure reducing valve 112 to a second pressure value. Note that the pressurization gas used is a gas that contains almost no carbon dioxide, such as air or nitrogen gas, which accounts for approximately 80% of the components of air.

[0021] In the first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, a remaining amount warning pressure sensor 114, a pressure gauge 115, and an emergency supply valve 116 are connected between the first pressure reducing valve 112 and the second pressure reducing valve 113. The remaining amount warning pressure sensor 114 detects the pressure value of the pressurization gas discharged from the first pressure reducing valve 112 and outputs an alarm if the pressure is below a predetermined value. The pressure gauge 115 is used to check whether the pressure in the pressurization gas cylinder 111 has dropped. The emergency supply valve 116 is used to manually supply pressurization gas at a first pressure value into the balloon cabin 100 in an emergency, such as when the internal pressure in the balloon cabin 100 drops significantly.

[0022] 1, a manual supply valve 117 is provided between the second pressure reducing valve 113 and the gas supply flow rate control valve 110, and a manual opening / closing valve 118 and a supply flow rate sensor 119 are provided downstream of the gas supply flow rate control valve 110. The manual supply valve 117 manually supplies pressurization gas at the second pressure value into the balloon cabin 100 when the supply flow rate of pressurization gas is insufficient due to a malfunction of the gas supply flow rate control valve 110 or the like. The manual opening / closing valve 118 manually adjusts the supply flow rate of pressurization gas when the supply flow rate from the gas supply flow rate control valve 110 becomes excessive or the like. The supply flow rate sensor 119 detects the supply flow rate of pressurization gas supplied into the balloon cabin 100.

[0023] The oxygen supply flow control valve 120 controls the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied into the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, the oxygen supply flow control valve 120 is configured with an electromagnetic valve or the like that can adjust the valve opening degree by a control signal from the life support device 1, and the oxygen supply flow rate can be adjusted to a target flow rate by adjusting the valve opening degree.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1, an oxygen cylinder 121 filled with high-pressure oxygen is connected to the oxygen supply flow control valve 120 via a first pressure reducing valve 112 and a second pressure reducing valve 113. Similar to the configuration on the pressurizing gas side, a remaining amount warning pressure sensor 114, a pressure gauge 115, and an emergency supply valve 116 are connected between the first pressure reducing valve 112 and the second pressure reducing valve 113. The remaining amount warning pressure sensor 114 detects the pressure of the oxygen discharged from the first pressure reducing valve 112 and issues an alarm if the pressure is below a predetermined value. The pressure gauge 115 checks whether the pressure in the oxygen cylinder 121 has decreased. The emergency supply valve 116 manually supplies oxygen at a first pressure value into the balloon cabin 100 in an emergency, such as when the oxygen concentration in the balloon cabin 100 drops significantly.

[0025] 1, a manual supply valve 117 is provided between the second pressure reducing valve 113 and the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, similar to the configuration on the pressurizing gas side, and a manual opening / closing valve 118 and a supply flow rate sensor 119 are provided downstream of the oxygen supply flow rate control valve 120. The manual supply valve 117 manually supplies oxygen at the second pressure value into the balloon cabin 100 when the oxygen supply flow rate becomes insufficient due to a malfunction of the oxygen supply flow rate control valve 120 or the like. The manual opening / closing valve 118 manually adjusts the oxygen supply flow rate when the supply flow rate from the oxygen supply flow rate control valve 120 becomes excessive or the like. The supply flow rate sensor 119 detects the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied into the balloon cabin 100.

[0026] The discharge flow control valve 130 controls the discharge flow rate of gas discharged from the interior of the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, the discharge flow control valve 130 is configured with an electromagnetic valve or the like that can adjust the valve opening degree in response to a control signal from the life support system 1, and the discharge flow rate can be adjusted to a target flow rate by adjusting the valve opening degree. In addition, the discharge flow control valve 130 is provided with a discharge flow rate sensor 131 that detects the discharge flow rate of gas discharged from the interior of the balloon cabin 100, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0027] 1, the balloon cabin 100 is provided with a manual exhaust valve 132 and a pressure relief valve 133 as emergency exhaust means. The manual exhaust valve 132 is used to manually exhaust gas from inside the balloon cabin 100. The pressure relief valve 133 exhausts gas from inside the balloon cabin 100 when the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 exceeds a predetermined pressure value relative to the external air pressure. A manual opening / closing valve 118 is provided to prevent unexpected operation, such as excessive exhaust due to malfunction of the manual exhaust valve 132 and the pressure relief valve 133.

[0028] In the first embodiment, needle valves that allow manual adjustment of flow rates by changing the valve opening are used as the emergency supply valve 116 and the manual supply valve 117, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the emergency supply valve 116 and the manual supply valve 117 may be flow control valves equipped with a mass flow meter or a flow selector. Furthermore, the gas supply flow control valve 110, the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and the exhaust flow control valve 130 may be flow control valves equipped with a flow selector.

[0029] [2] Life Support Device 1 The life support system 1 adjusts the valve opening of each control valve, consisting of a gas supply flow control valve 110, an oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and an exhaust flow control valve 130, in multiple stages to a valve opening corresponding to a target flow rate, based on at least the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin 100 and the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the balloon cabin 100. In this first embodiment, the life support system 1 is configured by a computer such as an embedded computer, and as shown in Figure 2, mainly has a memory means 2 and an arithmetic processing means 3.

[0030] The storage means 2 stores various data and functions as a working area when the arithmetic processing means 3 performs arithmetic processing. In the first embodiment, the storage means 2 is composed of a hard disk, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a flash memory, etc., and has a program storage unit 21, an internal pressure adjustment mode storage unit 22, and a gas concentration adjustment mode storage unit 23, as shown in FIG.

[0031] A life support program 1a according to the first embodiment is installed in the program storage unit 21. The calculation processing means 3 executes the life support program 1a, causing the computer serving as the life support device 1 to function as each of the components described below.

[0032] The use of the life support program 1a is not limited to the above configuration. For example, the life support program 1a may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, such as an SD card, a CF card, a USB memory, an external hard disk drive (HDD), an external solid state drive (SSD), a CD-ROM, or a DVD-ROM, and may be read and executed directly from the recording medium.

[0033] The internal pressure adjustment mode storage unit 22 stores internal pressure adjustment modes for adjusting the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, the internal pressure adjustment mode storage unit 22 stores internal pressure adjustment modes in which target flow rates are set for each control valve, consisting of the gas supply flow control valve 110, the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and the exhaust flow control valve 130, in association with the internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin 100.

[0034] As shown in Fig. 3, Mode 1, Mode 2, Mode 2A, and Mode 3 are registered as internal pressure adjustment modes in the first embodiment based on the preferred pressure range for sustaining life inside the balloon cabin 100. Each mode will be explained below. The upper limit (PU) of the preferred pressure range is preferably set to a value not exceeding 1 atmosphere, which is standard atmospheric pressure. The lower limit (PL) is preferably set to a value not below 0.6 atmospheres, which would adversely affect the breathing of passengers.

[0035] (1) Mode 1: The internal pressure range exceeding the upper limit (PU) of the preferred pressure range can be said to be the internal pressure region where pressure reduction is mainly required inside the balloon cabin 100. Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the supply flow rate ratio (Qg1 / Qo1), which is the ratio of the target flow rate (Qg1) of the pressurization gas to the target flow rate (Qo1) of oxygen, is maintained at a first ratio value (A1) at which the oxygen component ratio in the mixed gas of oxygen and pressurization gas is close to the oxygen component ratio in air, and the target flow rate (Qg1) of the gas supply flow rate control valve 110, the target flow rate (Qo1) of the oxygen supply flow rate control valve 120, and the target flow rate (Qe1) of the exhaust flow rate control valve 130 are set so that the exhaust flow rate (Qe1) is greater than the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg1+Qo1).

[0036] In this mode 1, a mixture of oxygen and pressurizing gas is supplied at a component ratio close to that of air, while the air inside the balloon cabin 100 is discharged at a discharge flow rate greater than the supply flow rate, resulting in a significant reduction in the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100. Note that because mode 1 is a mode for reducing the internal pressure, the target flow rate (Qg1) of the gas supply flow control valve 110 and the target flow rate (Qo1) of the oxygen supply flow control valve 120 may both be set to zero. However, because the balloon cabin 100 is sealed during flight and cannot take in outside air, oxygen may not be supplied inside the balloon cabin 100, which could cause a sudden rise in carbon dioxide concentration. Therefore, in mode 1, it is preferable to ensure a supply flow rate, even if it is only a small flow rate.

[0037] (2) Mode 2: The internal pressure range within the preferred pressure range, which is greater than a preset intermediate value (PM) and less than an upper limit value (PU), can be said to be an internal pressure range that primarily maintains the air environment while pre-compensating for a drop in the oxygen partial pressure inside the cabin when the internal pressure drops to the intermediate value (PM). Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the target flow rate (Qg2) of the gas supply flow control valve 110, the target flow rate (Qo2) of the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and the target flow rate (Qe2) of the exhaust flow control valve 130 are set so that the supply flow ratio (Qg2 / Qo2) is maintained at a second ratio value (A2) smaller than the first ratio value (A1), and the exhaust flow rate (Qe2) is the same as or approximately the same as the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg2 + Qo2).

[0038] In this mode 2, a gas mixture with a slightly higher oxygen concentration than air is supplied, while the air inside the balloon cabin 100 is discharged at a discharge flow rate approximately equal to the supply flow rate. As a result, oxygen is supplied while maintaining the internal pressure inside the balloon cabin 100, which is sealed and cannot take in outside air, so the air environment is maintained. In this invention, the term "same or approximately the same" does not only mean the same, but also includes similar values within the scope of the effects of the invention.

[0039] (2A) Mode 2A: The internal pressure range greater than the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range and less than the intermediate value (PM) is the internal pressure range that primarily maintains the pressure environment while pre-compensating for a drop in the oxygen partial pressure inside the cabin when the internal pressure drops to the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range. Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the target flow rate (Qg2A) of the gas supply flow control valve 110, the target flow rate (Qo2A) of the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and the target flow rate (Qe2A) of the exhaust flow control valve 130 are set so that the supply flow ratio (Qg2A / Qo2A) is maintained at a fifth ratio value (A5) that is smaller than the first ratio value (A1) and greater than the second ratio value (A2), and the exhaust flow rate (Qe2A) is smaller than the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg2A + Qo2A).

[0040] With this mode 2A, a mixed gas with a slightly higher oxygen concentration than air is supplied, while the exhaust flow rate from the balloon cabin 100 is kept lower than the supply flow rate. As a result, oxygen is supplied inside the balloon cabin 100, which is sealed and cannot take in outside air, and the internal pressure is slightly increased, so a pressurized environment is maintained.

[0041] (3) Mode 3: The internal pressure range below the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range can be said to be an internal pressure region where pressure increase is mainly required while compensating for the decrease in oxygen partial pressure inside the balloon cabin 100. Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the target flow rate (Qg3) of the gas supply flow control valve 110, the target flow rate (Qo3) of the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and the target flow rate (Qe3) of the exhaust flow control valve 130 are set so that the supply flow rate ratio (Qg3 / Qo3) is maintained at a third ratio value (A3) smaller than the second ratio value (A2), and the exhaust flow rate (Qe3) is zero or approximately zero.

[0042] In this mode 3, a mixed gas with a much higher oxygen concentration than air is supplied to the balloon cabin 100, while almost no air is discharged from the balloon cabin 100, resulting in a significant increase in the internal pressure of the sealed balloon cabin 100.

[0043] The reason for taking into consideration the oxygen partial pressure (= internal pressure x oxygen concentration) inside the balloon cabin 100 is that a drop in oxygen partial pressure reduces the amount of oxygen taken up by the lungs, making breathing difficult, and conversely, an excessively high oxygen partial pressure can cause oxygen poisoning. Therefore, in each of the above-mentioned modes, the supply flow rate ratio and the magnitude relationship between the supply flow rate and the exhaust flow rate are set in consideration of the balance between the internal pressure and the oxygen concentration so that the oxygen partial pressure is maintained within a predetermined range.

[0044] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the above-mentioned four modes are registered as the internal pressure adjustment modes, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, Mode 2A is a mode used when the internal pressure inside the balloon cabin 100 is within a suitable pressure range, and its main function is to suppress a drop in internal pressure due to slow leaks in the balloon cabin 100. For this reason, Mode 2A is not necessarily an essential mode, and Mode 2 may be always executed when the internal pressure range is greater than the lower limit (PL) of the suitable pressure range and equal to or less than the upper limit (PU).

[0045] If the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 and the opening area of the small gap are constant, the amount of exhaust air due to slow leak increases during ascent due to a decrease in external air pressure, and decreases during descent due to an increase in external air pressure. Therefore, as a means of suppressing a decrease in internal pressure due to slow leak, a mode in which the exhaust flow rate is changed in accordance with fluctuations in external air pressure may be adopted instead of mode 2A. For example, if no exhaust is being performed, the target flow rate on the supply side may be changed in accordance with altitude, and if exhaust is being performed, the target flow rate on the exhaust side may be changed in accordance with altitude.

[0046] The gas concentration adjustment mode storage unit 23 stores gas concentration adjustment modes for adjusting the concentration of oxygen or carbon dioxide inside the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, the gas concentration adjustment mode storage unit 23 stores gas concentration adjustment modes in which target flow rates are set for each control valve, consisting of the gas supply flow control valve 110, the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, and the exhaust flow control valve 130, in association with the concentration ranges of oxygen and carbon dioxide inside the balloon cabin 100.

[0047] In the first embodiment, the gas concentration adjustment mode is set to be executable only in mode 1 and mode 2, which have a relatively large internal pressure range, among the above-mentioned internal pressure adjustment modes, as shown in Fig. 3. If an attempt is made to adjust the gas concentration in mode 2A and mode 3, which have a relatively small internal pressure range, the operation of each control valve will interfere with the operation of each control valve in mode 2A or mode 3, which attempts to increase the cabin internal pressure, and the internal pressure may be excessively reduced, which may have adverse effects on the human body.

[0048] Therefore, in Mode 2A and Mode 3, priority is given to adjusting the internal pressure rather than executing the gas concentration adjustment mode. Even in this case, as described above, the pressurizing gas and oxygen supplied to the balloon cabin 100 are set at a supply flow rate ratio that provides a higher oxygen concentration than normal air, ensuring a sufficient amount of oxygen for breathing.

[0049] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, if the detected internal pressure value exceeds an abnormal value (P0) that is greater than the upper limit value (PU) of the suitable pressure range, it is considered that some abnormality has occurred in the exhaust system and normal exhaust is not occurring. Therefore, in this case as well, priority is given to depressurizing in order to protect the balloon cabin 100 from damage due to excessive pressure increase, and the gas concentration adjustment mode is not executed.

[0050] (4) Gas Concentration Adjustment Mode: The gas concentration adjustment mode of the first embodiment is executed when the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value is outside the preferred concentration range for sustaining life in Mode 1 and Mode 2. Here, the preferred oxygen concentration range is a concentration range above a lower threshold (O1), and the preferred carbon dioxide concentration range is a concentration range below an upper threshold (C1). Note that the lower threshold (O1) for oxygen concentration and the upper threshold (C1) for carbon dioxide concentration are preferably set to values that do not interfere with normal breathing of the occupant.

[0051] From the above, it can be said that the concentration range below the lower threshold oxygen concentration (O1) or the concentration range above the upper threshold carbon dioxide concentration (C1) is a concentration range in which the gas concentration should be adjusted by increasing the degree of oxygen partial pressure compensation compared to mode 1 or mode 2. Therefore, in these concentration ranges, the target flow rate (Qg4) of the gas supply flow rate control valve 110, the target flow rate (Qo4) of the oxygen supply flow rate control valve 120, and the target flow rate (Qe4) of the discharge flow rate control valve 130 are set so that the supply flow rate ratio (Qg4 / Qo4) is maintained at a fourth ratio value (A4) that is smaller than the second ratio value (A2) and larger than the third ratio value (A3), and the discharge flow rate (Qe4) is larger than the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg4+Qo4).

[0052] This gas concentration adjustment mode allows a mixed gas with a higher oxygen concentration than air to be supplied even inside the balloon cabin 100, which is sealed and cannot take in outside air, while air with an abnormal gas concentration inside the balloon cabin 100 is expelled, thereby adjusting the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations inside the balloon cabin 100 to within a suitable range.

[0053] As described above, in the first embodiment, the supply flow rate ratio (Qg / Qo) in each mode is set based on the following grounds. First ratio value (A1) for mode 1: The value at which the oxygen component ratio in the mixture of oxygen and pressurizing gas becomes close to the oxygen component ratio in air. Mode 2 second ratio value (A2): A value that can compensate in advance for the decrease in oxygen partial pressure inside the cabin when the internal pressure drops to the middle value (PM) of the preferred pressure range. Mode 3 third ratio value (A3): A value that can compensate for the decrease in oxygen partial pressure inside the cabin when the internal pressure drops below the lower limit of the preferred pressure range (PL). Fourth ratio value (A4) in gas concentration adjustment mode: A value that compensates for oxygen partial pressure to a greater extent than the first ratio value (A1) or the second ratio value (A2). Fifth ratio value (A5) of Mode 2A: A value that can compensate in advance for the decrease in oxygen partial pressure inside the cabin when the internal pressure drops to the lower limit value (PL) of the preferred pressure range.

[0054] The calculation processing means 3 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and the like, and by executing the life support program 1a installed in the program storage unit 21, functions as an internal pressure adjustment mode reading unit 31, a gas concentration adjustment mode reading unit 32, an internal pressure acquisition unit 33, a gas concentration acquisition unit 34, an internal pressure adjustment unit 35, and a gas concentration adjustment unit 36, as shown in Fig. 2. Each component will be described in more detail below.

[0055] The internal pressure adjustment mode reading unit 31 reads the internal pressure adjustment mode from the storage means 2. In the first embodiment, the internal pressure adjustment mode reading unit 31 reads the internal pressure adjustment mode registered in advance in the internal pressure adjustment mode storage unit 22 of the storage means 2. This allows the internal pressure range of each mode and the target flow rate of each control valve set in association with the internal pressure range to be acquired.

[0056] The gas concentration adjustment mode reading unit 32 reads the gas concentration adjustment mode from the storage means 2. In the first embodiment, the gas concentration adjustment mode reading unit 32 reads the gas concentration adjustment mode registered in advance in the gas concentration adjustment mode storage unit 23 of the storage means 2. This acquires the concentration ranges of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the target flow rates of each control valve set in association with the concentration ranges.

[0057] The internal pressure acquisition unit 33 acquires the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin 100 detected by the pressure sensor 140. The gas concentration acquisition unit 34 acquires the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the balloon cabin 100 detected by the gas sensor 150. In the first embodiment, the pressure sensor 140 and the gas sensor 150 are provided within the balloon cabin 100, as shown in FIG. 1. The gas sensor 150 is capable of outputting the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0058] The internal pressure adjustment unit 35 adjusts the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 determines whether the internal pressure value acquired by the internal pressure acquisition unit 33 is within the internal pressure range of the internal pressure adjustment mode read by the internal pressure adjustment mode reading unit 31. If it is determined that the internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 transmits a control signal instructing the target flow rate for that internal pressure adjustment mode to each control valve. As a result, each control valve is set to a valve opening corresponding to the instructed target flow rate, and the internal pressure value is adjusted so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is favorable for sustaining life.

[0059] The gas concentration adjustment unit 36 adjusts the concentration of oxygen or carbon dioxide inside the balloon cabin 100. In the first embodiment, in Mode 1 or Mode 2, which are internal pressure adjustment modes with a relatively wide internal pressure range, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 determines whether the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values acquired by the gas concentration acquisition unit 34 are within the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode read by the gas concentration adjustment mode reading unit 23. If it is determined that the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values are within the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 transmits a control signal instructing a target flow rate for the gas concentration adjustment mode to each control valve. As a result, each control valve is set to a valve opening corresponding to the instructed target flow rate, and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values are adjusted so that they fall within the preferred concentration range for sustaining life.

[0060] [3] About the effects Next, the functions of the life support method, the life support device 1, the life support program 1a, and the balloon cabin 100 of the first embodiment will be described.

[0061] First, when a manned flight at high altitude is performed by a balloon using the balloon cabin 100 equipped with the life support system 1 of the first embodiment, the internal pressure adjustment mode reading unit 31 reads the internal pressure adjustment mode from the storage means 2 (step S1: internal pressure adjustment mode reading step), and the gas concentration adjustment mode reading unit 32 reads the gas concentration adjustment mode from the storage means 2 (step S2: gas concentration adjustment mode reading step), as shown in Fig. 4. This puts the life support system 1 into a state where it can execute the internal pressure adjustment mode and gas concentration adjustment mode that have been prepared in advance.

[0062] In principle, the balloon cabin 100 is sealed from the beginning of flight, but it may be sealed after reaching a predetermined altitude. This puts the balloon cabin 100 in a state where it cannot take in outside air and can only be vented by the various venting means described above (the vent flow control valve 130, the manual vent valve 132, and the pressure relief valve 133).

[0063] Next, when the internal pressure acquisition unit 33 acquires the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin 100 from the pressure sensor 140 (step S3: internal pressure acquisition step), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 executes the internal pressure adjustment mode based on the internal pressure value and adjusts the internal pressure so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is preferable for sustaining life (steps S4 to S10: internal pressure adjustment step).

[0064] Specifically, the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 first determines whether the internal pressure value is greater than the upper limit value (PU) of the suitable pressure range (step S4). If the internal pressure value is greater than the upper limit value (PU) (step S4: YES), the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 sets the mode 1, while maintaining the supply flow rate ratio (Qg1 / Qo1) at the first ratio value (A1), instructs each control valve to set target flow rates (Qg1, Qo1, Qe1) such that the discharge flow rate (Qe1) is greater than the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg1 + Qo1), and sets the valve opening degrees corresponding to the target flow rates (step S5). This reduces the pressure inside the balloon cabin 100, preventing damage to the balloon cabin 100 and adverse effects on the human body due to an excessive increase in internal pressure, thereby improving safety.

[0065] On the other hand, if the internal pressure value is equal to or less than the upper limit (PU) of the suitable pressure range (step S4: NO), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 determines whether the internal pressure value is greater than the intermediate value (PM) (step S6). As a result, if the internal pressure value is greater than the intermediate value (PM) (step S6: YES), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 sets mode 2, while maintaining the supply flow rate ratio (Qg2 / Qo2) at the second ratio value (A2), instructs each control valve to set target flow rates (Qg2, Qo2, Qe2) such that the discharge flow rate (Qe2) is equal to or substantially equal to the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg2 + Qo2), and sets the valve opening degrees corresponding to the target flow rates (step S7). As a result, oxygen is supplied to the balloon cabin 100 without significantly changing the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100, thereby maintaining a comfortable air environment for the passengers.

[0066] On the other hand, if the internal pressure value is equal to or less than the intermediate value (PM) (step S6: NO), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 determines whether the internal pressure value is greater than the lower limit value (PL) of the suitable pressure range (step S8). As a result, if the internal pressure value is greater than the lower limit value (PL) (step S8: YES), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 sets the mode 2A, while maintaining the supply flow rate ratio (Qg2A / Qo2A) at the fifth ratio value (A5), instructs each control valve to set target flow rates (Qg2A, Qo2A, Qe2A) such that the discharge flow rate (Qe2A) is less than the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg2A+Qo2A), and sets the valve opening degrees corresponding to the target flow rates (step S9). This suppresses a decrease in internal pressure due to slow leaks in the balloon cabin 100, thereby maintaining a comfortable pressure environment for the passengers.

[0067] On the other hand, if the internal pressure is equal to or lower than the lower limit (PL) (step S8: NO), the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 sets target flow rates (Qg3, Qo3, Qe3) for each control valve so that the discharge flow rate (Qe3) is zero or approximately zero while maintaining the supply flow rate ratio (Qg3 / Qo3) at the third ratio value (A3) as mode 3, and sets the valve opening degrees corresponding to the target flow rates (step S10). This increases the pressure inside the balloon cabin 100, preventing adverse effects on breathing due to an excessive decrease in internal pressure and maintaining the lives of the passengers.

[0068] As described above, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 executes the internal pressure adjustment mode described above in accordance with the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin 100, so that the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 is automatically controlled within a suitable pressure range suitable for sustaining life. The internal pressure adjustment unit 35 also continuously adjusts the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 by simultaneously controlling the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas, the supply flow rate of oxygen, and the discharge flow rate.

[0069] Therefore, the internal pressure is adjusted gradually without sudden or instantaneous increases or decreases, allowing for safe and comfortable control of the internal pressure. Furthermore, when the internal pressure is high, the internal pressure is reduced by increasing the discharge flow rate and reducing the supply flow rate, and when the internal pressure is low, the internal pressure is restored by increasing the supply flow rate and reducing the discharge flow rate. Furthermore, even if the external air pressure fluctuates depending on the altitude of the balloon cabin 100, the discharge flow rate can be kept constant.

[0070] Next, in this first embodiment, when the above-mentioned mode 1 (step S5) or mode 2 (step S7) is set, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 executes the gas concentration adjustment mode based on the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and adjusts the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide so that they are within the preferred concentration range for sustaining life (step S11: gas concentration adjustment step).

[0071] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the gas concentration adjuster 36 first determines whether the internal pressure value is greater than the abnormal value (P0) (step S111). As a result, if the internal pressure value is greater than the abnormal value (P0) (step S111: YES), it is considered that some abnormality has occurred in the exhaust system. Therefore, the gas concentration adjuster 36 returns to step S3 without executing the gas concentration adjustment mode, and causes the internal pressure adjuster 35 to execute processing. This executes a depressurization operation that has a higher priority than adjusting the concentration of oxygen or carbon dioxide, thereby preventing the balloon cabin 100 from being excessively pressurized and being damaged.

[0072] On the other hand, if the internal pressure value is below the abnormal value (P0) (step S111: NO), the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 acquires the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values inside the balloon cabin 100 from the gas sensor 150 (step S112: gas concentration acquisition step), and executes the gas concentration adjustment mode based on each concentration value, adjusting the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations so that they are within the preferred concentration range for sustaining life (steps S113 to S114: gas concentration adjustment step).

[0073] Specifically, the gas concentration adjuster 36 determines whether the oxygen concentration value is equal to or less than the lower threshold value of the oxygen concentration (O1) or whether the carbon dioxide concentration value is equal to or greater than the upper threshold value of the carbon dioxide concentration (C1) (step S113). If the result is that the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration is within either concentration range (step S113: YES), the gas concentration adjuster 36 sets the gas concentration adjustment mode, maintains the supply flow rate ratio (Qg4 / Qo4) at the fourth ratio value (A4), and instructs each control valve to set target flow rates (Qg4, Qo4, Qe4) such that the discharge flow rate (Qe4) is greater than the sum of the supply flow rates (Qg4+Qo4), and sets the valve opening degrees corresponding to the target flow rates (step S114).

[0074] As a result, gas with a higher oxygen concentration than air is supplied to the balloon cabin 100, while air with an abnormal gas concentration inside the balloon cabin 100 is expelled. As a result, the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations inside the balloon cabin 100 are automatically adjusted to within the optimum concentration range suitable for sustaining life.

[0075] Furthermore, the gas concentration adjusting unit 36 simultaneously controls the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas, and the supply and exhaust flow rates of oxygen, thereby continuously adjusting the oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration inside the balloon cabin 100. As a result, the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration does not change suddenly or instantaneously, but is adjusted gradually, maintaining a safe and comfortable air environment.

[0076] After the valve opening of each control valve is set, the process returns to step S111, and the above-mentioned process is repeated unless the internal pressure value exceeds the abnormal value (P0) (step S111: NO). Then, when the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values are both within the suitable concentration range (step S113: NO), the gas concentration adjustment mode is terminated and the process returns to Fig. 4. After that, the process from step S3 to step S11 is repeated while the balloon is flying (step S12: NO).

[0077] In addition, in the above-mentioned internal pressure adjustment mode, if mode 2A (step S9) is omitted, mode 2 (step S7) may be performed even if the internal pressure value is greater than the lower limit value (PL) of the preferred pressure range and equal to or less than the intermediate value (PM).

[0078] Furthermore, in this first embodiment, in addition to the gas supply flow control valve 110 and the oxygen supply flow control valve 120 that are automatically controlled by the life support device 1, there are provided manual gas supply means, namely, an emergency supply valve 116 for supplying high-pressure gas that has been reduced in pressure to a first pressure value by the first pressure reducing valve 112, and a manual supply valve 117 for supplying high-pressure gas that has been reduced in pressure to a second pressure value by the second pressure reducing valve 113.

[0079] Therefore, in an emergency such as when the internal pressure in the balloon cabin 100 drops significantly, the internal pressure is quickly increased by supplying high-pressure gas at the first pressure value from the emergency supply valve 116. Also, if the supply flow rate becomes insufficient due to a malfunction of the gas supply flow control valve 110 or the like, the necessary supply flow rate is ensured by supplying high-pressure gas at the second pressure value from the manual supply valve 117.

[0080] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, a manual exhaust valve 132 is provided as a manual gas exhaust means in addition to the exhaust flow control valve 130 that is automatically controlled by the life support system 1. Therefore, if the exhaust flow rate becomes insufficient due to a malfunction of the exhaust flow control valve 130 or the like, the gas inside the balloon cabin 100 can be manually exhausted through the manual exhaust valve 132 to ensure the required exhaust flow rate.

[0081] Furthermore, in this first embodiment, there is provided a pressure relief valve 133 that exhausts gas inside the balloon cabin 100 when the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 exceeds a predetermined pressure value relative to the external air pressure. Therefore, even if a large amount of high-pressure gas is released from the pressurizing gas cylinder 111 or the oxygen cylinder 121 due to a defect in an O-ring seal or the like, the gas is exhausted without any operation, so the balloon cabin 100 is reliably protected.

[0082] The life support method, life support device 1, life support program 1a, and balloon cabin 100 of the first embodiment described above provide the following effects. 1. In the cabin 100 for a balloon used for manned flight at high altitudes, the internal pressure and gas concentration can be adjusted safely and comfortably, while maintaining the lives of the passengers. 2. A target flow rate can be set for each control valve suitable for controlling the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 within a suitable pressure range suitable for sustaining life. 3. A target flow rate can be set for each control valve suitable for controlling the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the balloon cabin 100 within a suitable concentration range suitable for sustaining life. 4. The decrease in internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 due to slow leaks can be suppressed. 5. If any abnormality occurs in the exhaust system, the internal pressure adjustment mode is executed in preference to the gas concentration adjustment mode, thereby protecting the balloon cabin 100 from damage due to excessive pressure buildup. 6. The control algorithm of the life support program 1a is simplified because the target flow rates for the pressurizing gas supply flow rate, the oxygen supply flow rate, and the discharge flow rate are set in advance and the valve opening of each control valve is adjusted.

[0083] Next, we will explain a second embodiment of the life support method, life support device 1, life support program 1a, and balloon cabin 100 according to the present invention. Note that, among the components of this second embodiment, components that are the same as or equivalent to those of the first embodiment described above will be given the same reference numerals, and repeated explanations will be omitted.

[0084] In the first embodiment described above, a target flow rate of each control valve that is expected to be appropriate depending on the internal pressure range is determined in advance, and each control valve is adjusted in multiple stages to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate depending on the actually measured internal pressure value and concentration value. In contrast, the second embodiment is characterized in that target values of internal pressure and gas concentration are determined in advance depending on the internal pressure range, and the valve opening of each control valve is adjusted by feedback control so that the actually measured internal pressure value and concentration value become the target value.

[0085] In this second embodiment, the internal pressure adjustment mode memory unit 22 stores internal pressure adjustment modes corresponding to the internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin 100, in which a supply side internal pressure target value (Pr2) for feedback control of the target flow rate of each supply flow control valve consisting of the gas supply flow control valve 110 and the oxygen supply flow control valve 120, or the valve opening degree of each supply flow control valve, and a discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) for feedback control of the valve opening degree of the discharge flow control valve 130 are set.

[0086] As shown in Fig. 6, Mode 1, Mode 2, and Mode 3 are registered as internal pressure adjustment modes in the second embodiment based on the preferred pressure range for sustaining life inside the balloon cabin 100. Each mode will be described below.

[0087] (1) Mode 1: The internal pressure range exceeding the upper limit (PU) of the preferred pressure range can be said to be the internal pressure region where pressure reduction is mainly required inside the balloon cabin 100. Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the supply flow rate ratio (Qg1 / Qo1), which is the ratio of the target flow rate (Qg1) of the pressurization gas to the target flow rate (Qo1) of oxygen, is maintained at a first ratio value (A1) at which the oxygen component ratio in the mixed gas of oxygen and pressurization gas is close to the oxygen component ratio in air, and the discharge flow rate is feedback controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) that is greater than the lower limit (PL) and less than the upper limit (PU).

[0088] In this mode 1, a mixture of oxygen and pressurizing gas is supplied in a component ratio similar to that of air, while the air inside the balloon cabin 100 is discharged toward the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) which is smaller than the upper limit value (PU), thereby reducing the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100.

[0089] (2) Mode 2: The internal pressure range greater than the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range and less than the upper limit (PU) of the preferred pressure range is the internal pressure range that primarily maintains the air environment while pre-compensating for the drop in oxygen partial pressure inside the cabin when the internal pressure drops to the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range. Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the supply flow ratio (Qg2 / Qo2) is maintained at a second ratio value (A2) that is smaller than the first ratio value (A1), and the exhaust flow rate is feedback-controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the exhaust-side internal pressure target value (Pr1).

[0090] In this mode 2, a gas mixture with a slightly higher oxygen concentration than air is supplied, while the air inside the balloon cabin 100 is discharged toward the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1) that is greater than the lower limit (PL) and less than the upper limit (PU). As a result, even inside the balloon cabin 100, which is sealed and cannot take in outside air, oxygen is supplied while keeping the internal pressure within the preferred pressure range, so the air environment is maintained.

[0091] (3) Mode 3: The internal pressure range below the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range can be said to be an internal pressure region where pressure increase is mainly required while compensating for the decrease in oxygen partial pressure inside the balloon cabin 100. Therefore, in this internal pressure range, the supply flow rate ratio (Qg3 / Qo3) is maintained at a third ratio value (A3) smaller than the second ratio value (A2), and the supply flow rate is feedback controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the supply-side internal pressure target value (Pr2) larger than the lower limit (PL), while the discharge flow rate is feedback controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1).

[0092] In this mode 3, the supply-side internal pressure target value (Pr2) is set higher than the lower limit value, so that a mixed gas having a much higher oxygen concentration than air is supplied to the balloon cabin 100, while the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1) is set higher than the lower limit value (PL), so that almost no air is discharged from the balloon cabin 100, resulting in a large increase in the internal pressure of the sealed balloon cabin 100. Note that the supply-side internal pressure target value (Pr2) and the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1) are the same as the predetermined internal pressure target values of the balloon cabin 100, but the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1) may be set slightly higher than the supply-side internal pressure target value (Pr2) in consideration of slow leaks.

[0093] In addition, in this second embodiment, the gas concentration adjustment mode memory unit 23 is registered with a gas concentration adjustment mode in which an oxygen target value (Or1) is set for feedback control of the valve opening of the oxygen supply flow control valve 120 in correspondence with the oxygen concentration range within the balloon cabin 100, and a carbon dioxide target value (Cr1) is set for feedback control of the valve opening of the gas supply flow control valve 110 in correspondence with the carbon dioxide concentration range within the balloon cabin 100.

[0094] In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the gas concentration adjustment mode is set to be executable only in mode 1 and mode 2, which have a relatively wide internal pressure range, among the internal pressure adjustment modes described above.

[0095] (4) Gas concentration adjustment mode: The gas concentration adjustment mode of the second embodiment is executed in mode 1 and mode 2 when the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value is outside the preferred concentration range for sustaining life.

[0096] Specifically, when the detected oxygen concentration value is in a concentration range below the lower oxygen concentration threshold (O1), the supply flow rate of oxygen is feedback controlled so that the concentration value becomes the oxygen target value (Or1), and the discharge flow rate is feedback controlled so that the detected internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1). Also, when the detected carbon dioxide concentration value is in a concentration range above the upper carbon dioxide concentration threshold (C1), the supply flow rate of pressurization gas is feedback controlled so that the concentration value becomes the carbon dioxide target value (Cr1), and the discharge flow rate is feedback controlled so that the detected internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1).

[0097] This gas concentration adjustment mode allows gas with a higher oxygen concentration than air to be supplied even inside the balloon cabin 100, which is sealed and cannot take in outside air, while air with an abnormal gas concentration inside the balloon cabin 100 is expelled, thereby adjusting the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations inside the balloon cabin 100 to within a suitable range.

[0098] In the second embodiment, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 determines whether the internal pressure value acquired by the internal pressure acquisition unit 33 is within the internal pressure range of one of the internal pressure adjustment modes acquired by the internal pressure adjustment mode acquisition unit. If it is determined that the internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of mode 1 or mode 2, it transmits a control signal instructing the target flow rate for mode 1 or mode 2 to each supply flow rate control valve. As a result, each control valve is set to a valve opening corresponding to the instructed target flow rate.

[0099] On the other hand, for the discharge flow control valve 130, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 adjusts the valve opening degree by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1), and adjusts the internal pressure value so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is preferable for maintaining life.

[0100] Furthermore, when the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 determines that the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of mode 3, it adjusts the valve opening degree by feedback control based on the difference between the supply-side internal pressure target value (Pr2) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the supply-side internal pressure target value (Pr2). On the other hand, for the discharge flow rate control valve 130, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 adjusts the valve opening degree by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1), and adjusts the internal pressure value so that it falls within a suitable pressure range that is favorable for sustaining life.

[0101] In addition, in this second embodiment, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 determines whether the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value acquired by the gas concentration acquisition unit 34 is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode acquired by the gas concentration adjustment mode acquisition unit in mode 1 or mode 2, which are internal pressure adjustment modes with a relatively large internal pressure range.

[0102] If it is determined that the concentration falls within the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 adjusts the valve opening of the oxygen supply flow control valve 120 or the gas supply flow control valve 110 by feedback control based on the difference between the oxygen target value (Or1) or carbon dioxide target value (Cr1) corresponding to the gas concentration adjustment mode and the concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide so that the concentration value becomes the oxygen target value (Or1) or the carbon dioxide target value (Cr1), thereby adjusting the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration to be within the preferred concentration range that is preferable for maintaining life.

[0103] On the other hand, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 adjusts the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve 130 by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1).

[0104] Next, the actions of the life support method, the life support device 1, the life support program 1a, and the balloon cabin 100 of the second embodiment will be described.

[0105] First, when a manned balloon flight at high altitude is performed using a balloon cabin 100 equipped with the life support system 1 of the second embodiment, an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step (step S21), a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step (step S22), and an internal pressure acquisition step (step S23) are executed, as in the first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7. Then, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 executes the internal pressure adjustment mode based on the internal pressure acquired in the internal pressure acquisition step, and adjusts the internal pressure so that it falls within a suitable pressure range that is favorable for supporting life (steps S24 to S28, S30 to S31: internal pressure adjustment step).

[0106] Specifically, the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 determines whether the internal pressure value is greater than the upper limit value (PU) of the suitable pressure range (step S24). If the internal pressure value is greater than the upper limit value (PU) (step S24: YES), the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 sets the target flow rates (Qg1, Qo1) to the supply flow rate control valves in mode 1 so that the supply flow rate ratio (Qg1 / Qo1) maintains the first ratio value (A1), and sets the valve opening degrees corresponding to the target flow rates (step S25).

[0107] Furthermore, the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 adjusts the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve 130 by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) (step S28). This reduces the pressure inside the balloon cabin 100, preventing damage to the balloon cabin 100 and adverse effects on the human body due to an excessive increase in internal pressure, thereby improving safety.

[0108] On the other hand, if the internal pressure value is equal to or less than the upper limit (PU) of the suitable pressure range (step S24: NO), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 determines whether the internal pressure value is greater than the lower limit (PL) (step S26). As a result, if the internal pressure value is greater than the lower limit (PL) (step S26: YES), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 sets, as mode 2, target flow rates (Qg2, Qo2) to each supply flow rate control valve so that the supply flow rate ratio (Qg2 / Qo2) maintains the second ratio value (A2), and sets the valve opening corresponding to the target flow rates (step S27).

[0109] Furthermore, the internal pressure adjusting unit 35 adjusts the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve 130 by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) (step S28). As a result, oxygen is supplied to the balloon cabin 100 without causing large fluctuations in the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100, thereby maintaining a comfortable air environment for the passengers.

[0110] On the other hand, if the internal pressure is below the lower limit value (PL) (step S26: NO), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 adjusts the valve opening degree by feedback control in mode 3, while maintaining the supply flow rate ratio (Qg3 / Qo3) at the third ratio value (A3), based on the difference between the supply side internal pressure target value (Pr2) and the internal pressure value, so that the internal pressure value becomes the supply side internal pressure target value (Pr2) (step S30).

[0111] Furthermore, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 adjusts the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve 130 by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) (step S31). As a result, the discharge flow control valve 130, which has been set to the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) larger than the supply side internal pressure target value (Pr2), suppresses the discharge flow rate and increases the pressure inside the balloon cabin 100, preventing adverse effects on breathing due to an excessive decrease in internal pressure and maintaining the lives of the passengers.

[0112] As described above, the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 executes the internal pressure adjustment mode described above in accordance with the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin 100, so that the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 is automatically feedback-controlled to be within a suitable pressure range suitable for sustaining life. The internal pressure adjustment unit 35 also continuously adjusts the internal pressure of the balloon cabin 100 by simultaneously controlling or feedback-controlling all of the pressurization gas supply flow rate, oxygen supply flow rate, and exhaust flow rate. As a result, the internal pressure is adjusted gradually without sudden or instantaneous increases or decreases, and the internal pressure is controlled safely and comfortably.

[0113] Furthermore, by adopting the above-mentioned discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and supply side internal pressure target value (Pr2), the internal pressure adjustment unit 35 automatically adjusts the valve opening to a value suitable for feedback-controlling the internal pressure within a suitable pressure range that can sustain life.

[0114] Next, in this second embodiment, when the above-mentioned mode 1 (step S25) or mode 2 (step S27) is set, the gas concentration adjustment unit 36 executes the gas concentration adjustment mode based on the concentration values of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and adjusts the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide so that they are within the preferred concentration range for sustaining life (step S29: gas concentration adjustment step).

[0115] 8, as in the first embodiment, when the internal pressure value is greater than the abnormal value (P0) (step S291: YES), the gas concentration adjuster 36 returns to step S23 without executing the gas concentration adjustment mode and causes the internal pressure adjuster 35 to execute the process. On the other hand, when the internal pressure value is equal to or less than the abnormal value (P0) (step S291: NO), the gas concentration adjuster 36 acquires the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values inside the balloon cabin 100 from the gas sensor 150 (step S292: gas concentration acquisition step), and executes the gas concentration adjustment mode based on each concentration value, adjusting the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations to be within the suitable concentration ranges for sustaining life (steps S293 to S298: gas concentration adjustment steps).

[0116] Specifically, the gas concentration adjuster 36 first determines whether the oxygen concentration value is equal to or less than the lower threshold value (O1) of the oxygen concentration (step S293). If the result shows that the oxygen concentration value is equal to or less than the lower threshold value (O1) (step S293: YES), the gas concentration adjuster 36 adjusts the valve opening of the oxygen supply flow rate control valve 120 by feedback control based on the difference between the oxygen target value (Or1) and the oxygen concentration value, so that the concentration value becomes the oxygen target value (Or1) (step S294).

[0117] Furthermore, the gas concentration adjusting unit 36 adjusts the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve 130 by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) (step S295). As a result, air with an abnormal concentration is discharged and an appropriate amount of oxygen is supplied, so that the oxygen concentration is automatically adjusted to be within a suitable concentration range that is favorable for sustaining life.

[0118] On the other hand, if the oxygen concentration value is greater than the lower threshold (O1) (step S293: NO), there is no problem with the oxygen concentration, so the gas concentration adjuster 36 determines whether the carbon dioxide concentration value is equal to or greater than the upper threshold (C1) for the carbon dioxide concentration (step S296). As a result, if the carbon dioxide concentration value is equal to or greater than the upper threshold (C1) (step S296: YES), the gas concentration adjuster 36 operates in gas concentration adjustment mode and adjusts the valve opening of the gas supply flow rate control valve 110 by feedback control based on the difference between the carbon dioxide target value (Cr1) and the carbon dioxide concentration value so that the concentration value becomes the carbon dioxide target value (Cr1) (step S297).

[0119] Furthermore, the gas concentration adjusting unit 36 adjusts the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve 130 by feedback control based on the difference between the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) and the internal pressure value so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1) (step S298). As a result, air with an abnormal concentration is discharged and pressurizing gas containing almost no carbon dioxide is supplied, so that the carbon dioxide concentration is automatically adjusted to be within a suitable concentration range that is favorable for sustaining life.

[0120] As described above, the gas concentration adjusting unit 36 continuously adjusts the oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration inside the balloon cabin 100 by adjusting the pressurization gas supply flow rate and the oxygen supply and exhaust flow rates by feedback control. As a result, the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration is adjusted gradually without sudden or instantaneous changes, and a safe and comfortable air environment is maintained.

[0121] After feedback control of the valve opening of each supply flow control valve, the process returns to step S291, and the above-mentioned process is repeated unless the internal pressure exceeds the abnormal value (P0) (step S291: NO). Then, when the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values are both within the suitable concentration range (step S293: NO and step S296: NO), the gas concentration adjustment mode is terminated, and the process returns to Fig. 7. Thereafter, the process from step S23 to step S31 is repeated while the balloon is flying (step S32: NO).

[0122] According to the life support method, life support device 1, life support program 1a, and balloon cabin 100 of the second embodiment described above, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the introduction of feedback control makes it possible to suppress the adverse effects of disturbances and errors, and to reliably adjust the internal pressure, oxygen concentration, and carbon dioxide concentration to their target values.

[0123] The life support method, life support device 1, life support program 1a, and balloon cabin 100 according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate.

[0124] For example, a filter may be provided for each of the exhaust flow control valve 130, the manual exhaust valve 132, and the pressure relief valve 133, which are provided as exhaust means for the balloon cabin 100. This prevents dust and dirt from entering the piping of the exhaust system, thereby ensuring an appropriate exhaust flow rate.

[0125] In addition, in each of the above-described embodiments, the balloon cabin 100 is provided with a first pressure reducing valve 112, a second pressure reducing valve 113, a pressure sensor 114 for remaining amount warning, a pressure gauge 115, an emergency supply valve 116, a manual supply valve 117, a manual opening and closing valve 118, a manual exhaust valve 132, a pressure relief valve 133, etc. as a means for increasing the safety of passengers or as a backup means in case of an emergency, but these are not essential components and may be omitted as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0126] 1 life support equipment 1a Life Support Program 2 Memory means 3. Processing means 21 Program memory section 22 Internal pressure adjustment mode memory section 23 Gas concentration adjustment mode memory section 31 Internal pressure adjustment mode reading section 32 Gas concentration adjustment mode reading section 33 Internal pressure acquisition unit 34 Gas concentration acquisition unit 35 Internal pressure adjustment section 36 Gas concentration adjustment unit 100 Balloon Cabin 110 Gas supply flow control valve 111 Pressurized gas cylinder 112 First pressure reducing valve 113 Second pressure reducing valve 114 Pressure sensor for remaining amount alarm 115 Pressure Gauges 116 Emergency Supply Valve 117 Manual supply valve 118 Manual opening and closing valve 119 Supply flow sensor 120 Oxygen supply flow control valve 130 Discharge flow control valve 131 Discharge flow rate sensor 132 Manual exhaust valve 133 Pressure relief valve 140 Pressure Sensor 150 Gas Sensor

Claims

1. A life support method for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin during manned flight at high altitude by a balloon, comprising: The balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be vented, a pressurization gas cylinder filled with a pressurization gas for pressurizing the interior of the balloon cabin; an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied to the interior of the balloon cabin; a gas supply flow rate control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an oxygen supply flow rate control valve that can adjust the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an exhaust flow rate control valve that can adjust the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; a life support device that adjusts the valve openings of the gas supply flow control valve, the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve based on at least the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin detected by a pressure sensor and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values in the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor; Including, The life support device an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step of reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the control valves is set in correspondence with an internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step of reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the control valves is set in correspondence with a concentration range of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the balloon cabin; an internal pressure adjustment step of, when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, setting each of the control valves to a valve opening corresponding to a target flow rate of the internal pressure adjustment mode, and adjusting the internal pressure value so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is preferable for maintaining life; a gas concentration adjustment step of, when the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, setting each control valve to a valve opening corresponding to a target flow rate of the gas concentration adjustment mode, and adjusting the concentration value so that it falls within a suitable concentration range that is preferable for maintaining life; A life-sustaining method that involves:

2. The life support method according to claim 1, wherein the internal pressure adjustment mode includes at least Modes 1 to 3 shown below: (1) Mode 1: In an internal pressure range exceeding the upper limit (PU) of the preferred pressure range, a supply flow rate ratio, which is a ratio of a target flow rate of pressurizing gas to a target flow rate of oxygen, is maintained at a first ratio value (A1), and the discharge flow rate is made greater than the sum of the supply flow rates; (2) Mode 2: In an internal pressure range greater than the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range and equal to or less than the upper limit (PU), the supply flow rate ratio is maintained at a second ratio value (A2) smaller than the first ratio value (A1), and the discharge flow rate is set to be equal to or approximately equal to the sum of the supply flow rates; (3) Mode 3: In the internal pressure range below the lower limit value (PL), the supply flow rate ratio is maintained at a third ratio value (A3) smaller than the second ratio value (A2), and the discharge flow rate is set to zero or approximately zero.

3. The gas concentration adjustment mode is executed when the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is outside the preferred concentration range in mode 1 or mode 2, and the supply flow rate ratio is maintained at a fourth ratio value (A4) that is smaller than the second ratio value (A2) and larger than the third ratio value (A3), and the exhaust flow rate is made larger than the sum of the supply flow rates.

4. 3. The life support method according to claim 2, wherein the mode 2 is executed when the internal pressure range is greater than a preset intermediate value (PM) within the preferred pressure range and is equal to or less than the upper limit value (PU), and when the internal pressure range is greater than the lower limit value (PL) and is equal to or less than the intermediate value (PM), the following mode 2A is executed; Mode 2A: The supply flow rate ratio is maintained at a fifth ratio value (A5) that is smaller than the first ratio value (A1) and larger than the second ratio value (A2), and the discharge flow rate is made smaller than the sum of the supply flow rates.

5. A life support system for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin during manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, comprising: The balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be vented, a pressurization gas cylinder filled with a pressurization gas for pressurizing the interior of the balloon cabin; an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied to the interior of the balloon cabin; a gas supply flow rate control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an oxygen supply flow rate control valve that can adjust the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an exhaust flow rate control valve that can adjust the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; Including, the life support device adjusts the valve openings of the control valves, consisting of the gas supply flow control valve, the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve, based on at least the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin detected by a pressure sensor and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values in the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor; an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step of reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the control valves is set in correspondence with an internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step of reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the control valves is set in correspondence with a concentration range of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the balloon cabin; an internal pressure adjustment step of, when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, setting each of the control valves to a valve opening corresponding to a target flow rate of the internal pressure adjustment mode, and adjusting the internal pressure value so that it is within a suitable pressure range that is preferable for maintaining life; a gas concentration adjustment step of, when the detected concentration value of oxygen or carbon dioxide is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, setting each control valve to a valve opening corresponding to a target flow rate of the gas concentration adjustment mode, and adjusting the concentration value so that it falls within a suitable concentration range that is preferable for maintaining life; A life support system that performs the following:

6. A life support method for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin during manned flight at high altitude by a balloon, comprising: The balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be vented, a pressurization gas cylinder filled with a pressurization gas for pressurizing the interior of the balloon cabin; an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied to the interior of the balloon cabin; a gas supply flow rate control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an oxygen supply flow rate control valve that can adjust the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an exhaust flow rate control valve that can adjust the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; a life support device that adjusts the valve openings of the supply flow control valves, which are the gas supply flow control valve and the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the exhaust flow control valve, based on at least the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin detected by a pressure sensor and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values inside the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor; Including, The life support device an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step for reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the supply flow control valves or a supply-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of each of the supply flow control valves and a discharge-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve are set in correspondence with an internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step for reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which an oxygen target value for feedback-controlling the valve aperture of the oxygen supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with the oxygen concentration range within the balloon cabin, and a carbon dioxide target value for feedback-controlling the valve aperture of the gas supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with the carbon dioxide concentration range within the balloon cabin; an internal pressure adjustment step in which, when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, each of the supply flow rate control valves is set to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of that internal pressure adjustment mode, or feedback-controls the valve opening based on the difference between the supply-side internal pressure target value corresponding to that internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, and the discharge flow rate control valve feedback-controls the valve opening based on the difference between the discharge-side internal pressure target value corresponding to that internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, thereby adjusting the internal pressure value to be within a suitable pressure range that is favorable for sustaining life; a gas concentration adjustment step of feedback-controlling a valve opening based on a difference between the oxygen target value or the carbon dioxide target value corresponding to the gas concentration adjustment mode and the detected oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value, when the detected oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, and adjusting the concentration value so that it falls within a suitable concentration range that is favorable for sustaining life; A life-sustaining method that involves:

7. The life support method according to claim 6, wherein the internal pressure adjustment mode includes the following modes 1 to 3: (1) Mode 1: In an internal pressure range exceeding the upper limit (PU) of the preferred pressure range, a supply flow rate ratio, which is a ratio of a target flow rate of pressurization gas to a target flow rate of oxygen, is maintained at a first ratio value (A1), and the discharge flow rate is feedback-controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1) that is greater than the lower limit (PL) of the preferred pressure range and less than the upper limit (PU); (2) Mode 2: In an internal pressure range greater than the lower limit value (PL) of the preferred pressure range and equal to or less than the upper limit value (PU), the supply flow rate ratio is maintained at a second ratio value (A2) smaller than the first ratio value (A1), and the discharge flow rate is feedback-controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1); (3) Mode 3: In the internal pressure range below the lower limit value (PL), the supply flow rate ratio is maintained at a third ratio value (A3) smaller than the second ratio value (A2), and the supply flow rate is feedback controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the supply side internal pressure target value (Pr2) larger than the lower limit value (PL), and the discharge flow rate is feedback controlled so that the internal pressure value becomes the discharge side internal pressure target value (Pr1).

8. In the gas concentration adjustment mode, in the mode 1 or the mode 2, When the detected oxygen concentration value is outside the preferred concentration range, the supply flow rate of oxygen is feedback-controlled so that the concentration value becomes the oxygen target value (Or1), and the discharge flow rate is feedback-controlled so that the detected internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1); When the detected carbon dioxide concentration value is outside the preferred concentration range, the supply flow rate of the pressurization gas is feedback-controlled so that the concentration value becomes the carbon dioxide target value (Cr1), and the discharge flow rate is feedback-controlled so that the detected internal pressure value becomes the discharge-side internal pressure target value (Pr1). The life support method according to claim 7.

9. A life support method as described in claim 3 or claim 8, wherein in mode 1 or mode 2, if the detected internal pressure value exceeds an abnormal value (P0) that is greater than the upper limit value (PU), the gas concentration adjustment mode is not executed.

10. A life support system for maintaining life inside a balloon cabin during manned flight at high altitudes by a balloon, comprising: The balloon cabin has an airtight structure that is sealed during flight and can only be vented, a pressurization gas cylinder filled with a pressurization gas for pressurizing the interior of the balloon cabin; an oxygen cylinder filled with oxygen to be supplied to the interior of the balloon cabin; a gas supply flow rate control valve capable of adjusting the supply flow rate of the pressurizing gas supplied from the pressurizing gas cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an oxygen supply flow rate control valve that can adjust the supply flow rate of oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening degree; an exhaust flow rate control valve that can adjust the exhaust flow rate of gas exhausted from the balloon cabin to a target flow rate by changing the valve opening; Including, the life support device adjusts the valve openings of the supply flow control valves, which consist of the gas supply flow control valve and the oxygen supply flow control valve, and the discharge flow control valve, based on at least the internal pressure value of the balloon cabin detected by a pressure sensor and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration values inside the balloon cabin detected by a gas sensor; an internal pressure adjustment mode reading step for reading an internal pressure adjustment mode in which a target flow rate of each of the supply flow control valves or a supply-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of each of the supply flow control valves and a discharge-side internal pressure target value for feedback-controlling the valve opening of the discharge flow control valve are set in correspondence with an internal pressure range inside the balloon cabin; a gas concentration adjustment mode reading step for reading a gas concentration adjustment mode in which an oxygen target value for feedback-controlling the valve aperture of the oxygen supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with the oxygen concentration range within the balloon cabin, and a carbon dioxide target value for feedback-controlling the valve aperture of the gas supply flow control valve is set in correspondence with the carbon dioxide concentration range within the balloon cabin; an internal pressure adjustment step in which, when the detected internal pressure value is within the internal pressure range of any of the internal pressure adjustment modes, each of the supply flow rate control valves is set to a valve opening corresponding to the target flow rate of that internal pressure adjustment mode, or feedback-controls the valve opening based on the difference between the supply-side internal pressure target value corresponding to that internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, and the discharge flow rate control valve feedback-controls the valve opening based on the difference between the discharge-side internal pressure target value corresponding to that internal pressure adjustment mode and the internal pressure value, thereby adjusting the internal pressure value to be within a suitable pressure range that is favorable for sustaining life; a gas concentration adjustment step of feedback-controlling a valve opening based on a difference between the oxygen target value or the carbon dioxide target value corresponding to the gas concentration adjustment mode and the detected oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value, when the detected oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration value is included in the concentration range of the gas concentration adjustment mode in the internal pressure adjustment mode in which the internal pressure range is relatively large, and adjusting the concentration value so that it falls within a suitable concentration range that is favorable for sustaining life; A life support system that performs the following:

11. A life support program that causes a computer to execute the life support method according to claim 1 or 6.

12. A balloon cabin equipped with the life support system according to claim 5 or 10.

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